The New York Herald Newspaper, December 27, 1854, Page 3

“AFFAIRS IN EUROPE, Our London C: ‘orrespondence. Lonpos, Dec. 4, 1854. The Cuba Question and the Altered Position of the Administration — Our Ministers to London, Paris and Madrid—Probable Resignation of Vir. Soulé —Mr. Pierce— Movements of George Sanders, $e., ec. ‘Those wiio have any knowledge of Pierce and hie cowardly crew wil] not be surprised to learn that they have fically aud unreservedly surrendered the Cuba question. Despatches from Washington have been received here, in answer to the revxommendatiya of the minis” terial conference at Ostend, repudiating the sagge? Weve of the ministers, and taking the very opposite view. Mr. Sonié is directed to withdraw any and every prop rition tending to the acquisition of Cuba, and te perrow covn his diplomatic efforts wo the aimple question of begging her most Cathot!c Majesty to graciously give power to the Captain Ganezal to Petile all petty difficulties that may arise betwoen dmsignificant Yaukees and the sublime anthorities of the island. The Americans in Euroye who are really avxious for the acquisition of Cuba, are de- lighted at the inglorious retreat of our own imbecile and cowardly government. % ‘They see ia is the only safety for tne qaestion, aa the administration of General Pterc2 1s 90 justly odieus that nothing recommend'd or managei by it covld fail of disgrace. It is uvon tie lips of ‘a i that Cuba will be oure of a certainty cow that it is disembarrasse? of such tiescherous ani hitefa influences. , Souié’s fiends say thet he will immediately re sign. If the winter had not sctin, Mr. Bachasan would go}ome without waitiog for bis successor As it ia, he seke to be relicvod a% once, aod nas in formed them at Washington that his remaining an tenger st 1be Cours of St. James can be of no poss bic ure to hia country. No high-spirited America eould begin to imagine the iusulting annoyances t which cur most discreet and able ministers abroa ve been subjected at the handa of Marcy and hi coedjn‘ore, wherever taid ministers “eve dared to sbow tha they though’ they had avyshing ts do vo benefit treir couairy. As Americans we all regard it as & most fertonate tuiug shat the Soulé and Louis Na- poleon affair was not referred to Wasbinzton. Every oue tglt that to have given Gen. Piercs the cbance to say & word in the affair was to disgrace us forever befure the world, and lay us o,en to contempt aud aggression from every desoot, high and low, in Europe. If Bng'and and France were 2O; Dow cutted with the foola wh» are pouring oat the bicod and treasure of those two nations with guch seckless profligasy, we should have the fleets of the be/lealiiance swarming about the West Ia- @ies ard taking suiveys of our own coast. The prompt action of our cautious but firm acd truly Awer.cau micisters, Buchanaa and Mason, in re- Wenting the tirst insult to America, that taere might be no second, at least so far au their influence could prevail, arose not merely from the neoessity of prompt action in the premises, “but from their jus- baed conviction that the cabinet at Washiogton was a cypher without a unit, T understand that Kos 8 Sanders is well satis fied with the wey things have turned. He hos home in company with George W. Kendall, of the New Orleans Picoyune, by way of tha West [n- dia islaxds, St. Thomas, Jamaica and Cuba, taking a sbarp look all around, (and George can see a good BE Geto be screws up his keen gray eyes,) and he knows thet islands—some islands—are coming largely into the next Presidential campaign, as na- tive Am¢ricane—the est native Americans startec yet. Young America will take care not to Beglect them, you may believe me. Sanders and Kendall wiil reach New Orleans about the first day xof the Bew year. ~ Those formerly fierce rivals, Soulé aud Slidell, are now beth in favor of Buchanan for the next Presi- Sency, as are nearly all the Americans who aro or ‘have been lately in pe. was al- ways a favorite in New Orleana, he will have but Mit copiatios there, these factions being har- monized. I sbail not be surprised to learn that Sende-’e Southern trip has something to do with a Buchanan movement. It is nosecret here that they bave become warm friends, upon their intimate in- terehange of vicws during the pes ments It will, no doubt, ap zear strange to you, but it is anderatood here, tbat Mr, Bachauag has sustained Sanders ia bis whele course in London--the non-intervention letten to the. Eyropean ta; the vicdica tiom of the right of asylow in his Swias ad tress ; the fiiendly bu: cendid letter tothe French repub- Heate; even (he much ciacussed letters to the HaxaLp which bave been charged as the cause of his rejec tion by the Senate, ‘D To their ast days Sanders was a trusted favorit of both Clay and Jalboun. For though, asa den>- erat, he opposed Mr. Clay im the elections, y2t th gailant Harry could ra onge @ generous opponent, and Senders won the frievdehip of those gret statesmen b; hie ardent devotion to the interests of the South, and bis honesty in the entertain m:nt and avewal of his prixciples. Today the high-minded James Buchanan avows it was only a misunder- standing from ignorsuee of the man that evér put ——— between him and George Sanders. hile the great Hants of the repabiican party ¢in Boroye—Ledra Rollin, Mazzini, Kossuth, Victor Hogo, Louis Blanc, Herzen the , Worcell the Pele, and Ruge the German—regard our friend George with an esteem amounting to a genuine enthusiaem, in the light of his lil acd broai Americanism, they bave cured many errors of ‘opinion in regard to America and Americaus. The value of this may not be inappreciable in the bay whirl of the year 1855. Meanwhile, hurra for Old Back! Lonvon, Friday, Dec. 8, 1854. The Treaty between Austria and the Western Powers—Summary of It—Chances for and @gainst Peace—Later from Sebastopol—The Soulé Affair—Sardinian Views—Rome, §c. The treaty concluded at Vienna on the 2d of De- «cember, between Austria and the Western Powers, ia atill the all absorbing topic of conversation in every circle, political ‘and commercial. The actual text of this treaty has not been made public, and some days will probably elapse before it is. You will find various versions in the different London pepers, and I warn you against them. The version iu the Times is incorrect. I have every reason to believe that all the essential points of this treaty are contained in the following summary of it :— ‘The treaty commences by fo and recording the declarations and the ipal acts of the conference of ‘Vienna, as well as the declarations and engagements contained in the notes exchanged on the 8th of August, 1854, between the high contracting parties, It maintains the four points of guarantee as the ne- cersary basis of peace, at the same time that it reserves and recognizes to each of the Powers the faculty of ex- tending them by additional conditions. Austria binds herself to France and England, as she had already done to Turkey by the treaty of the 14th of June, 1554, to occupy the Principalities. for the purpose of repuleing the Russian troops, if they attempt to re- eet ims the right as justly bel: to a8 ims the ri as justly belongi Turkey and to the allies, of mabing all the movements which may suit them for'the purpose of attecking either the Russian troops or the Russian territory. Uf, in consequence of her attitude tn the Frincipalities or for any other cause, Austria should find herself at war avith Russia, the alliance, offensive and defensive, her, France, and Eogland, shal! be ontablished by the fact of the war. Y If, before the end of the nt year, 1854, R should not have made propositions which Wevomonues acceptable, and which insure a good and durable peace, the Powers will advise as to the means of obtaining that pence. The three high contracting Powers bind themselves the re- ment of not to accept any proposition peste witheat baring deliberated upon it in common. Buch are the terms of this important treaty. By s despatch which I enclose, addressed by ~ Count Nesestrode to Baron de Badberg, the Russian Envoy at Berlin, you will see that the Czar is wil- ling to negotiate on the four points or guarantees. But will Englenid and France, after the immene sacrifices they have mado in life and money, be sat- 7 and additions: transporte ar. ive daily. @le cf Japuery, buts for 80,000 men, and stables for 10,000 horses, will have arrived, town and village in England is contributing ite mite erasaries and Inxuries bo the » The Roy Yaebt Squadron ia sending out laijen goed things, the war continues as popular as ev er. It is still confidently stated that Admiral Dandas ia reeslied. Hie time of service bas expired, and the oppertunity offers to release him of his duues without di-ersce. He is Very unvopular. Lyons will probably take the command. Tes Souié affair ie regarded im Barop? as quite terminated The goad relations between the United Stoses aud France have noi fora moment been in- tersupted by the incident. Tae French government feels confident that at Washington, as ut Pari, the will not be thought of nature to trouble the Sriadly relations between the two countries. A Madrid letter, m announcing the retatn ef M. Soulé © that capital, states that M. Pacheco has declared that, in orcer to avoid disagreesbie discussion, he would communicate with him ouly in writing. ft Was not kioan, however, whether the successor of M. Pacheco intended to adopt the same course in hie relations with M. Soulé. Senor Madoz has heen elected President of the Spanish Cortes and General Infante Vice President. A curlove inciéent took place in the sittiog of the Sardisian Ccamber ot Deputies on the 2a 10st. It shows what vart Sardinia wonid take ia case of a general European war. Un the estimates for vublic instruction being moved, M. Brofferio, the leader of the extreme left, begged the cabinet to expiain its policy be’o:e she supplies were voted. A French r-giment, he bea d, was to pars through Pieamont, Wieuever foreign troops had catered the country, they bad, he said, ectailed sufferings upon it. These trco,s supported & despotic government ; were they going to Paria or to the Crimea? By allowing tem to pass through, Piedmont woald be taking psrt ia the war. Now, this war was not a war of principles, but a war of am- bition. A journey of M. de Persigry to Turin had been spoken of ; is would be paimfui to see Pied- mont drawn into an alliance, when France and Evgland are being joined by Austris, who would thue stard side by side with Piedmont. . The Min- ister of Foreign Affairs, io reply, expressed his regret that the speaker should have entered upon a clit:eal discussion quite ancslied for by tus aub- os before the Chawher, which cnly related to the Budcetof Pablic Instruction. The policy of the government, he raid, consisted in siaplalog eold- ness towards a: other State until it should have re- ceived such reparation as wasdus to it. With’ cther goverpments, Piedmont entertained triendly Act eaal Fe to the war, ‘ bine Nr kaown inn which side her sympathy lay; but t> 3 and to contract an alliance were two’ dierent thirgs. Were an alliance ever to be contemplated, the government weu!d consult the Chambers. Thi passage of French cavalry was to take place on a countof the difficulty of conveying it by sea, and he could not see how Piedmont could ¢om -romise her neutrality by such astep. AstoM. de Peraig- py’s joursey, the government was not informed of it. M. Moia remarked that a declaration of sym- pathy made by a minister in the Chamber had some importance; and that the paesage of French caval- Ty was dangerous, a it gave an advantage to one of the belligerent The minister repliea thst he maintained word sympathy, whith ex- presces no hoatility towards any government, and that the parsaze of tro~pa could not be considered an advantage fora belligerent at such a distance from the scene of action. From Rome we learn that the confererce of Car- djnals and Bishops, held at the Holy City, closed on the 20th, after coming to a nearly uuanimous cocclusion on the matter under debate, which, ua ou are awsre, is the immaculate conception of the irgin Mary. ere has been during the week a good demand for the federal government securities, wiih a.ve limited supply, and prices sre wel H whilet in some of the State stocks the supply has exceeded the demand, and prices are generally lower. In railroad boncs t'e actual transa-tious have not been to any extent, while there has been an igang more particularly for the New York and Erie Mortgage, the nh oy aa Central and Philacelpbia and Reading Bor ds. - United States Six per Cent Bonds, 1862 . «101 2102 Do. Six per Cent Bonds, 1868 .... 10934 a 1103; Do. _ Six perCt. Insc, St’k, 1867-68.106 a 107 Do. _ Six per Ct. Insc. Stock, 1862..101 a 102 N. ¥. State Five Stock, 1858- 760, Quarterly 9% a 96 Penneyivania Fi 73 a 15 . Five per Cent Bonds, 1877 ii a 80 Massachusetts Five per Ct Sterl’g Bas, 1868.101 a 102 8 Gar. Five per Ct. Bds (Baring’s) 1 ao Maryland Five per Ct. Sterling Bonds a 9% Alabama Five per Ct. Ster. Bds, 1858- Bi vi Virginia Five per Cent Sterling ‘Bonds, 1 a 90 Do. Six per Cent bonds, 1886... a 83 Canada Six per Cent Sterling Fonds, 1876 allo Boston Four-and.a-Half per Ct, Ster. Bai a 102 Montreal Six per Cent, 1857. s— New Orleans Six per Cent Bonds, 18 aa Illinois Central Six per Cent, 1875... a 63 Pennsylvania Ceut. RR Six per Cents, a 89 N. Y. & Fuie Seven per Ct Ist Mor. 186 a 102 Do. Seven per Cent 3d Mortgage, 1883.. 76 @ 77 Do. Seven per Cent Convertidte, 1862.. 70 a — N. Ind. Seven per Ct Ist M. Goshen Br 1868. 73 a 75 Terre Haute and Alton 7 per Cent do., 1867 75 a — Or referrirg to the money articles of the London journals you wiil find great firmness since the an- neuncement of the-treaty with Austria. It is a great id for the government to be able to an- nounce this event in the royal a The Queen opens Parliament in person on 12th inst. The Peace P: RUSSIA AND THE WESTERN POWERS. * The following ia a translation of a despatch ad- dressed by Count de Nesseliods to Baron de Bud- berg, the Russian Ambaseajor at Berlin:— St. Perenssvne, Nov. 6 (Oct. 25), 1864. Monsieur le Baron—The information which we receive from all sides proves to us that, at the nt moment, the German governments are ‘nearly all occupied with one and the same fear—that of benolding, on the Eastern eS a schism break out between the two great jerman Powers, which might place in danger the tran- quillity of the common country, and even the existence of the German confederation. Faithful to the policy he has followed since the origin of this deplorable complication, and desirous of circum- scribing the disastrous consequences within the narrow: ert limits possible, the Emperor, our august master, has wished, in the present conjuncture, and inasmuch as depends u him, to preserve Germany from the scourges with@hich she would be menaced in such an eventuality. You, are, in consequence, M. le Baron, authorized to declare to the Prussian Cabloet that the’ Emperor is dis- posed to take part in negotiations which would have for object the re-establishment of peace, and to which the four propositions indicated below’ would serve as starting points as formulated, viz — 1, A common guarantee by tho five Powers of the re- ligious and civil rights of the Christian populations of the Ottoman Empire, without distinction of form of worship. 2. Protectorate ot the Principalities exercised in com- mon by the five Powers, on the same conditionsas stipu- lated in their favor by our treaties with the Porte. 8. Revision of the Troaty of 1841, Russia will not ap- pose its abolition, 1f the Bultan, the principal party in- terested, consents thereto. 4. Free navigation of thé” Danube, which exists de fure, and which Russia never had the’ intention of pre- ‘venting. ‘This determination is founded rationally upon the sup- position that the Western Powers will falthfully falll \e engagement which they have contracted in the fave of Europe to assure the future condition of the Christian populations of the Cttoman Empire, that ghetr religious and civil rights shall heneeforth be placed under the guarantee of alt the Powers, and that thus the principal object Russia had in view in the present war shall have veen attained. If the sentiments which indused his Majesty the Eaa- peror to make the present declaration are appreciated in Germany, as we suppose oe will be, we think that we may cherish the hope that the Confederation, united on the same ground, and re re-assured on the Ger- in Europe in favor of » peace of which Austria and Prussia have presented to us spontaneously, in the four points, a basis which will satis(y them completely. If, on the contrary, use should be made of this unior, maintained once more by the care of Russia, to bri forward new conditions, ineompatible in substance in form with his dignity, the dooa not doubt that the States of the Confederation will reject such pre- ee Germany. A neutrality he iS firmness find Fane aus iat ees Screamin mares addr tu Hee eine ah he recei good wishes ‘THE PROFOSED PEACE AmIONS OF RUSSIA. {From the . 8.) vindictiveness or of conques! apy given mowent by the submission of ene of the contending parties to terms imposed the other. 15 is within the range of possibility, though not of probability, that the Emperor of Rus tia fray Komp ve op ene ae greeny te be come, since an; r manat 9 the con: clusion of an Jnensive and defenstve alliance be- tween Austria and the Western Powers, and ai ment the perils which surround his empire. We may therefore reasonably inquire what is the extent of the terms now demanded by the Allied Courts, and what is the probability that the Emperor of Ruaeia will yield to them? The four conditions contained in the notes oi the So rare ta language which latitude of interpretation, and their ise effect remnived to be settled by further Qlecnesion and negotiation. At the present tiwe, however, nosuch vaguencas of expression can be alloved to subsist, and we have no doubt that the allied governments have clearly and decide’)y stated to each other their whole intentions. Holding, in the first piace, that all the former treaties between Ravala and the Porte are abrogeted by the state of war, their frst object must be that no such eeparate conventions of treaties should be renewed, inasmuch as the strong- er Power always had the means of interpretiag them to the discdvantsg@of the weaker State. As long as those treaties were in existence Russia had an exceptional position towards the Oitomau em- pire, aud tre was not incladed in those gen- eral provisions which embrace and protect the tamily of Europeao States. On this point, then, the axe is laid to the root o’ the tree, for the ascendancy of Russia over Turkey bad been obtaia- ed by these treaties, the rowth of eighty years of enc:cachment and intrigue. Prince Menschikoff ‘Was sent to crown the wok by bis demande, but he overthrew the whole fabric. Together with the treatea between Russia and the Porte, tre separate acta and cenventions establishing t»@ influence of Rursia in the Davubian Principalities mnst ba held to be extinct, and the fature condition of those fer- tile provinces is open to deliberation. Russia declares that she is ready to adoot the principle of a joins guarantee of the civil and religious rights of the Unbristiaa populativas of the Otoman empire, to be given by the five great Powers, on the faith of the assurance repeat- edly procisimed by the Western Powers in the course of this. struggle, teat they are resolved to eecure the amelioration cf the condition of the Sulten’s Christian subjects. We have always regarded, and we still regard, the improvement of the condition of the Christian p>pulations as one ef the grand objects of the interference of the A Christian Powers in this quarter, for the only prac: | ticable mode of angmenting the resources and of reforming the institutions of the Ottoman empire is to make its Christian inhabi‘ante contented instead of disaffected subjects. Lord Clarendon haa repeated: Hagan both in Parliament and in his despatches, et importance this couutry attaches to thet just and necessary change; but there isa broad distinction between this general principle reco, by all the Powers, and the ex:lusive pro- tectorate claimed by Ruseia over the great branch of the Christian Oburch in the East, which she af- fected. to identify with the Russian Charo. On thie point, then, Ler change of language is remark- ablet and her defeat would be total. Itis nota little curious that the exciusive protectorate of the Greek Oburch, which she made the pretext of this whole dispute, is now the first thing she professes to abandor. The right of free navigation in the Danube has never been seated by the Russian government in principle, but it has been destroyed or obstructed in gee gh 1 tion of the delta, under the treaty of Adrianop'e, by the sitting up of the Sn- lina mouth, and by the establishment of batteries and quarantine stations on the right bank of the river. To secure the exercise of this rigat, the e- fore, the terms of the third article ot the treaty of Advianople must be altogether changed; the wielo right bank of the stream, down to the Salina mouth, must be restored to Turkey, and effzctaal measures taken to keep the passage open. ‘he fourth p , Which is in truth the important ard the most difficult to enforce, was very imperfectly expressed by the Allied Powers when they stated that they demanded a revision of the Convention of ths Straits. “Ruesia,” says Count Neeseirode, “would not oppore the complete abolition of that con- vention, provided the Sultan consents;” and oy such @ process of revision Raasia would ne the real gainer, for she same law which shuts the rest of Europe out of the Black Sea in tima of pase shuts ber up within it. To open the Dardanslies ang the Bosphorus is to place the Sultan in his ya- Jsce at the mercy of every ship of war tha passes Veiore his windows; and the fleets of Rassia wou'd find their way to the Mediterranean qnite as easily as our veesels would reach the Eaxine. The matter is, however, not ao easily settled. The real meaniog ot this proposition was and is, as M. Drouyn de Lhuys expressed it, the limitation of the power of Roseia in the Black Sea, and subsequent events have shown that tre allies contemplate not only entire freedem of access to those waters, but also the de- struction of that huge fleet and fortress against which our forces by sea and land are at this time arrayed. If Sebastopol was an object of jealousy and alarm to Europe and to Turkey before we knew ita extent, its enormous magazines of war, and its strength, the resietance it has offer. ed to our attack now renders its reduction an object of tenfold ce. We hold it to be totally impossil to regard the security of the East as established whi'e a Russian or and a oa gh ina Lapp where the can only serve for e aggression. It canrot for a moment be apposed that the Allied Powers will consent to desist from the vast enter: prise in which they are engaged, upon any terms short of the surrender a2d-demoiition of Sebasto 1, for till that has been accomplished nothing has done for the permerent settlement of these momentous jovs; apd we must also bein a coxu- dition to require thet no such armaments and forti- 8 again menace the inlaad shores of the Turkisu domiaiove. re Such we conceive to be the minimum cf the condi'ions now required of Rassia as preliminarie: of peace; ard, although they msy not incinde ail that may be demanded, a peace on such terms would desticy all the pretensions put forward by Russia, and would afford solid tees for the fature progress and tranquillity of the Bast. Is it, then, to be anticipated that the Emperor Nicholas wili yield to these terms? In sober reason and mere prudeuce it were well for him if bedidso. He can at no time expec: more favor- able conditiors. The number of his antagonists in creases, and as yet they bave rot put forth half their stre He wag+s that fatal combat of one sgainst all, in which success is impossible; -and, if tre allied armies si in wresting a province from bis gresp, it will be permanently lost ‘o his empire. The longer the atruggle is soutinued, the deeper and more certain bis loss. But,on the other hand, he has still enormous military the occu, roughout mis- and determination ot Europe; resentment against his furmer aliies inflames Psavions and controls his policy; and, when a sove- 1eign of abeolute power stands ween the two al- ternatives which are now before him, the course he resolves to take is usually the boldest and the worst. For these reseons we believe that war on a more extended acale, and not , Will arise out of the present conjuncture of affairs. Thegew of Allinace Between Austria trem Be Leen Times, . rs) : jon Dec. 7. The rati of the hove 4 aoe. #t Vienna Ln dodge) Saespel ‘rance pe ee ‘dub exchanged as speedily as iteelf will then b: jon that we believe the Empero: of to have contracted a Live engagement enter into an offensive defensive alliance with the belligerent States against Russia, unless joe upon the terms exacted by all the powers be conoluded before the termination of this curreu: of December; or, {1 other words, unless, ic wer to the ancouncement at At. Petersburg that Austria ts abcut to jon the Western alliance, the Eni of Russia declares at once his inability to prolong the contest. Snch an act of surrender on the part of the Ozar is at presen’ highly improbable. He ejected these terms im the summer, when they regented to him in s more conciliatory form, and when they were rot’preceded by the invasion of the Crimea, Count Nesselrode declared that such terms could only be accepted by the Russion govern- ment if it bad already suffered the defeat and ex- hanstion of a protracted and unsuccessful war; 80 that the very language in which the Emperor barca A mag this proposal seems to condemn him to abide by the consequences of that refusal. ‘The very first pledge of the sincerity of Russia, if- the professed ber read:ness to enter into negotia tions upon the conditions required by the rest of | Europe, would be the entire cessation of ber military | it movements and prepara*ions; these ara, however, | carried on with unabated activity. A despatch from Warsaw, dated the 4th of December, states oe Gemen) Pevern is coacentratin, ae fap iathn | of the Russian army, with » ion o} the impor! ial Guard, on the Teft bank ofthe \ Vistula, that oe the extreme western frontier of the em- re, while Gen.Puniutin is advancing,with the Second jantry 00} on Podolia and Vulbynia. Move- | ments of this magnitude and im; oe, ander- taken by whoie armies (tor o infantry corps | Goi slate, wher complete, of apous 52,000 men,) at thie reaton of the yea", when the troops would otherwise: be takiog up their wicter quarters, indi- cate a conviction of vhe rear approac’ of hostilities. Prince Gortscoakoff, and the Rassian agents ia Germavy, hove been lavish of their promises and uneparing in their exertions t> preveat the con:tu- 8.6n Of the treaty betweenj Austria and the Westera Powers, but there is no reason to suppose that they are authorised to meke larger concessions after an actot all but direct hostitity than they consentes to meke in tie whole course of the previous nego- herons, The policy of Austria, ough slowly exe- ¢:te0, bas been steadily pursues; she has gives sar pie and repeated n tice to Russia and to all the world that, if peace was not 1e-tored, she would throw the weigtt of her armies on the side of the Western Powers as soon as her Hid gagging were completed and the factious opposition of her Germ.n coafede- | rates overcome. Accordingly, wichin foar days uf- ter the conciusion of the additional article of her treaty with Prussia, wsich removed all uncertainty in that quarter, she entered into her present en- ements with the Western Powers, which bring rtothe verge of a declaration of war against Russia, and of an offensive and defensive alliance with France and England at the close of the pre- sent year. The effect already oe upon the whole of Green by the intelligesce that the treaty with | the Wes! Powers is .actuaily signed, has been | reat and instantaueous It ia every where felt that the time is approaching when Germany may | hope to play a bolder agd anobler part than she has hitherto bore in these transactions, The Bing of Prusata boasted the other day-ia the speech in which heopened the seseion of the Prassisn Diet, that he was acting in the closest uvion with Austria, snd that, whatever might be the neceawi- ties of the time, Germany would act as one body. We are not so sanguine a3 to believe that the ineriia and the divisions of the Confederation can be 0 eael'y overcome as to make the German States par- ties to the sgreement now subsisting between the allies, or to engage the feders] forc:s of Germany actively in the war; but the Prussian Assembly, to which the worcs we refer to were so recently ad- dressed, can hardly fail to ask for proofs of that intimste vnion with Austria, which means also union with the West of Europe; and amopg the firet objects of the alliancs couciuded at Vienna, we bave no doubt that one <f the ehisf puryoaes of the [three Powers ia to apply th+ir influence with energy to determine the future conduct of Prossia at thie crisis. It ie fortusate that at the moment when the Chambers are just convoked at Berlin, an event of this importance oc ura, not in the obecare regions of aiplomscy, but in the fa:e of Europe, A Sew days more wiil brivg this treaty to the know- ledge of the public, and tne question will tren be asked with authority, woether Prassia intends to acopt the rescIntions of the t-ivle alliance, or to seperate hertelf from them by a neutrality, which ina re Bee aob:ren € to soe cau-é of Rugsia, Che King Prussia ja suspected in G-rmasy of sone secret engagement or personal promise ¢> bis imve- ris] brotberin-!..w. which presludes bim trom scting ae an independent German sovereign behalf of the bon: r and 1. verest= of his c uotry; and 1¢ is re merked with astovishment that t.e tailitary for: ot Prussia have been etadiously semoved from the Polish frovtier, 60 as to leave the kingdom date ave. less cn the eastemnside. But these suspicions will ere long be breught toa more decisive test; for when Austria announces that rhe thall joia the Western Powers, and pla e herself at the bea! of the national party in Germany, uslesa the peace of Enrcpe be immediately secured, the neota'icy of Pruss’a is, in fact, the only circamstsnc2 which en- courages and enables Rassia to carry on the war. Affairs in Spain. INTERESTING DEBATE ON THE SPANISH MONARCHY. (Correspondence of the London Times.) Maprib, Dac. 1, 1854. The ciscussion in the Cortes contiued yesterday until the unusually late hour of half-past 9. The nominal voting, which was in when I left the Chamber, on the proposition of General San Miguel, that the throne of Isabella II. should be declarid by the Cortes one of the fundamental bases of the political structure they are about to ersvt, gave 208 vites in tavor of the proposition being taken into consideration, and hey ctalty Fond ne:d b | our government will be expected to it. Prominent inthe minority was, ardl, ey, tee Pe bere ad of peer (Orease} who presented a pro; ion signed imssif an other ceputies of the Extreme Left, of the effect that the:e were ro grounds for taking San Miguel’s motion izto consideration. This isa so:t of form, to allow of a discussion, which at once began, ard wes carried on with great vigor, until, st 9 o'clock, the Chauber again diviced, avd San Mtguel’s mo- tion wasageia spproved by 191 votes against 19. Benor Orense epoke first, at considerable length. A reference he made to the manifesto of Manzanares, to the effect that those wio took partia tae mili- tary insurrec‘ion of June 28 had then different ideas with respect to the Throne from those they now en- tertain, brought up General O'Donnell, who made one of his short but fiery and effective speeches. He ceclared that when, two days after the insurrection, is squadrons galloped to meet the discharge of grape on the plain of Vicalvaro, his shou’. and that a men was,“ Viva la Libertad! Viva Isabel “Not for a moment,’ continued the General, “have I even manent of assailing the throne of my Queen. I have defended it on the battle field, ani with that cr on my lips have I received the honorable scars with which my body is covered. That cry is the of liber- ty in Spain. Without the throne of Isabel/a Il. no liber- ty can exist in our country. I am accused of being retrograde, when my acts show the contrary. If reac- tion proved triumphant, whose head of all in this Con- fre would fall Lefore mine? (Cries of ‘Bien, bien.’’) iepext that I desire for my country liberty as extensive as may be possible, but with the monarchy of Isabella Il. and 1 ask fenor Orense to tell me in what act of my life Tbave said that Idid not -decire it. In the pro- of Manzanares there is not a single word to that . * * * * Tthink I have said enough to show the Congress that I have always desired Isabella Il. for queen, oud. that I desire to seo her surrounded by the most liberal institutions. A parssge in Senor Orense’s spee*h, in which he said thet, citce the revolution ot Juis, isadeila had not heen ade ee, Queen, but bad been “a thing thet bad remsined in t:e palace withcut exarcisiog the foncticns of Queer,” produced loud murmarsin the Coambrr, which wero immediately repressed by Senor Madoz, who declared that he wou'd the erator In his right of speech, and adi that throne lost none of ite prestige I sadn her anf of the 26th known what passed in the cor Bu pall of the Kinney Expedition by the — of Administration. » (From Wi Union, Dec, 24.] THE CENTRAL AMERICAN ENTERPIUSE. With ~ fow a ha oh once om conairy esks in terms of commen: Me great en- tarprise ia which Col. Kinney, as the bead of colony, has embarkei. The few presses which con- demn the exsedition reat their opposttion upon tre false assumption taat it is aggreasive sod not pacific in ita character and cbjects. We hive bevetofore given the true character and the real objects of the enterprise. Col. Kinney dces not prop2o to ralee ag mag in this country to invade Ceatral Ameri ca, but he undertakes to carry to the territory claimed and owned by the company, of which he is the agent, a body of citizens who will go in their individual capacity as peaceavie colonis organized and armed for purposes of w sion, but each man c-rrying with him his own property, and equipping himself to become & perma- Bent settler on she evi!, and there to practice the peacetul pursuits of pioneers, sceking to better their condition by a charge of residence. Phe fer- tlity of the soil avd the sambrity of the climate invite immigration, and Ool. Kinuey possesses taose striking cha acteristics which inspire ths colonists with confidence in Lis success. So long as the en- terprise retsins its present pacifi : purposes, isia the groseest injustice to all concerned to attempt to ex- cite prejudice or to arouse suspicion by de- sonaohag it as fillibusterism. Whenever it sesumes. that chaacter, and not until Fava inter- pore its power. The company claim the title to the goil by regular conveyances from the Mosquito King, and the emigrauts are satisficd with, the validity of the title. If they find their title disputed when they reach the territory, it will present a question as to property in which they alone are con- cerned. The following extract from an article in the Gaveston (Texas) News wiil show the high character whie’ Col. Kinney enjoyain Texas; acd it is the fact that the enterprise isto be condacted by ore so pre-emivently fitred for the undertaking | thes 60 much confidence is reposed ia its suc sess: We think the compliment paid to Col. Kinney in select ing him to conauct this important and responsible enter- rive is well deserved. The remarkable sucess thet has invariably attended him in all his adventures, however visiona ry and chimerical they may have sometime: appeared, fully justifies the ‘selection. He possesses, beyond all other men, confidence in his own ability to accomplish whatever he undertakes; and tiis self-reli- ance yn his own resources has seldom if ever led to dis- appointment. His life has been a continued series of singular and almost romantic adventures and enter prises, which, though apparently planned with very little regard to the sober dictates of reason, have been executed with unsurpassed energy and most consum- mate addrese. He has always shown himself equal to every emergency, however critical his position, though he has probably sometimes found it necessary to act upon the maxim that the end justifies the means. Money to him appears to be of no Value. He has made hundreds of thousands in a few months, and has again disbursed it almost as soon, by scattering it broadcast with a princely munificence. During Col. Kinney’s life on our frrontier and the war | with Mexico, he has shown that he exercised a most powerful influence over the Mexicans. He haa com- manded their friendship and their services to an astonish- ing degree, and could ta-morrow obtain more aid this side of the Sierra Madre than perhaps any man in the Mexican confeieracy. Before annexation he located on disputed ground, and traded with guerilla bands of the enemies of Texas with perfeet impunity. Alone, and without need for weapons, he bore the despatches of our generals during the war. His name was s password through hostile rankg, and even the ruthless bands of robbers let him go sufely on. How this jntiuence was acquired and maintained we need rot inquire. It is suficient to know that he ap- lied it to his own and his country’s advantage, Lusty he bas atced unrivalled in Ite exercioe, 11% was, probably, from his known success with the Mexicans that he bas been chosen for a duty in which his influ- ence with the Central Americans (a people in most re- spects similar to those he has been so loog conversant with) may most effectually lead to the peaceful estab- lishment of the colony, and the cultivation of confiden- | tial relations with the neighboring States. If Col. Kin- | ney is supplied with the proper means, we have not the | | tlightest doubt of his success. [From the Washington Intelligencer, Dec. 25.] THE MOSQUITO COLONIZATION PROJEOT. At the request of the respected Minister of the | Btates of Costa Rica, Guatemala and San Salvador, we give place below to an official letter addressed | by him to the Secretary of State, remonatrating and | prc testing against the scheme lately announced in the Union and other journats, our own among the number, for colonizing a portion of tae Mosquito tervitory by an association of American citizous, who assume to have acquired a legal and valid title totbe soil of the country which they propose to settle and cultivate. Lxoation or Costa Rica, Washington, Dec. 13, 1854. traordinary and Minister The undersigned, Eavo’ Plenipotentiary of Costa Rica, has the honor to repre- sent to the Hon. William L. Marcy, Secretary of State of the Urited States, that the undersignedis attention has y called, by the intelligence publi-hed in the {this country, of an expedition having been ized among American citizens, for the purpose al America, uncer an a’leged title granted by a Mosquito King. Among other journals, the Union of this city, (tho re puted organ of the acministration,): in its issue of the éth instant, speaks of the expedition in question asa “fixed fact,” imtorming ite readers that Colonel Kinney of Texas, will be the conductor or leader of the fir party of colonists; that the tract about to be colonized embraces an area of thirty millions of acres, extending teveral hundred m on the coast; and that the eoter- prise is entirely pacific in all its arrangements and pur- pcses. Be this ng it may, since no description is given of the tract of land to be colonized, avd the views of the speculators may extend to Costa Rica, the undersigned hasasolemn duty to perform, by declaring, as he now does declare, in the name of the’ government of Costa Rica, that this republic has never recognized or is disposed to recognise any title or grant made by the kings of chiefs of the Mosquito Indians,and purporting to be located with- inthe well known limits of Costa Rica, whieh are from “Eeeudo de Veragua’’ to the port of San Juan, on the Atlantic; and thence, following the course of the said river to the Lake of The undersigned declares, likewise, that. his “govern- ment will not allow ariy colonist, or party of colonists, from whatever country they may proceed, to occupy, locate or take possession of lands belonging to Cos Rica, for the purposes of agriculture, mining, or any other, unless he or they sball have previously applied to the government of Cosia Rica and duly obtained @ per- mission and legal tit ¢ to that effect. It wil! not,be inappropriate to add that the laws of Costa Rica are extremely liberal on the subject, and af- ford great facilities to immigrants who should like to go and fix their residences there. But, so far as regards the fosquito Colonization and couut it is understood e alleged expedition has been prepared, the un- ned begs to inform the government of the United that said association bas acquired no title what- ever from the government of Costa Rica, and that any attempt on the part of it to invade the Territory of Costa Rica shall be opposed by all the means that the undersigned’s government may command. Mr. Molina bas the honor to renew to Mr. Marcy the assurance of his very high consideration, and remains his most obedient, Lumble servant, F, MOLINA. Hox. Witusam L. Manoy, Secretary of State of the United States, Washington. Legal Intelligence. Supreme Court or Tar Unirep States, Dec. 22.—F. Car- rali Brewster, Eaq., of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, was admitted an attorney and counsellor of this court. No. 31.—Wm. Fontain, appellant, vs. Wm. Ravenal. The argument of this cause was concluded by Mr. Petigru for the appellee, having been submitted on printed argu- menta by Vessrs. Meredith and Hopper on behalf of the appellant. Adjourned. IMPORTANT Dects10N. In the case of the Troy and Rut- land Railroad Company va. Thomas H. Canfield, Judge Parmelee, before whom the argument was continued at the Court House several days, has delivered an opinion in favor of the defendant and dismissed the proceedia ‘The proceedings were instituted under the landlord a: tenant act, to recover possesion of the ‘Troy and Rutland Railroad, commencing near Kagle Bridge and ending at alem, Washington county, for non-payment of rent. It appeared that the ‘Troy and Rutland Railroad Compa- ny, in 1652, leased the road tothe Rutland and Washing- ton Railroad Company for 47 years, the entire residue of the term for which it was ineoporated, atan annual rent of sixteen thousand dollors; that the latter company sub-let to the defendant, Canfield, in Jue, for five ears ;that Canfield soon after released his term to his seors, but continued to operate the road under them, and that before any rent became due on tue lease to the Rutland and Washington Railroad Company, the latte: was trusteed in the State of Vermont, under whose laws t holds its charter, for debts of the Troy and Rutland company, tos large amount. The legal effect of the Vermont actions and of Canfield’s relations to the origi pal Jessor and lessee, upon the proceedings before Judge Parmelee, furnished the ie na topics of disew though various other questions were raised touching his jurisdiction in the case.—Jroy Whig. Mining Company,?? on whos that th e Tae Tuourson Arrarr—Riorovs DeMonstra- ‘TION IN ALLEGHANY, VA.—The Greenbriar Era contains the of a largeand respectable meeting of the citizens of Alleghany county, Va., held on the 8th inst., their indignation at the a the as a) from™the following from the Zra:—‘‘At 1 Orelock the people quietly eg Dr. ‘The image hung unmolested until the the court house to attend the. indignat Whilst there, Robert B, , backed ish, Neff, Waldron and others, attempted or did down the effigy. The Tushed out of the court house and a scene of intense excitement ensued. bord but Soanen sine the better port ot, haired a broke excited it meeting. by Means, Case of Mr. D. nr Magis TO THE EDITOR OF THE HERALD. Brn— I see it stated in tha Tribune that the late Grend Ju y, in the profundity of iis collective wis- dom, bas thonght proper to find -undry indictments against me for misfeasance and for nonteasance of duty. ‘Thos indictmerts have not proceeded through the regular channel provided by law for the invesii- Gation of offences, but have been found by that se- oret and mysterious tribunal, the Grand Jury,waese penctratiog ‘aculties are very prone to soar into the ideal, and to clotch stgshadows for waxt of sub- stance. From the action of this body, ministeted with 20 slender @ share of discretion, as 1t bas Dem in its late session, I might perhaps he excueed from apy attempt to vindicate myself, but it is due from me to the public—a small portion of whore delegated power I have held, and which I am now about to 1esign—to render an account of the several matters which the late Grand Jury, in close aud secret con- clave, have though’ proper, without due investiga- tion, to make the subject o“iudiciment. Case of Jobn Kiernan, a complaint agains’ whoms Tam charged with neglecting to take. This prisen- er was brought before me sbout the 9th of Novem- ber last. efigavits ayaiust him establish no fact, with the exception of the allegation, that he bad dropped @ heavy whip bundle. Tuis ease was fully investigated; several witnesses fe meng the good and peaceable charactor of the pr . He ‘Was heid to pail by me in the sum of five hundred d@cllare, and gave a recognizance, with surety which {s now on file. Case of Patrick McFarland, charged with the larceny of a horse—No compiaint on eath was made egainst this prisoner. Ho atteaded volunta- riy, to meet the charge. Tce complainaut, though retified, refused or neglected to come forward to substantiate the charge. I bad, of course, no option but to distuiss it. My revollection of the nature of the rtatement made by the complainant is that the charge of lar-eny was unfounded, Case of William Poole, charged with an nasault op Mr. Brinckerhoff—The comp'sint was fully in- ves ivated, and the warract iesaed. The complaint here is that those re were nos sent to the office of the District attorney. For many years before I became connected wish she police office, thia daty Gevulved upon the Police Clerk, who collects the pepesand sends them to the office. I, therefore, 8m not accountable for any omission in tuis case, The dsily accumplating business of the pelie office hae rendered this arranzement necessary. During the time I have served the public, it has been my endeavor #0 to dicebarge my duty as to protect the innocent, and to render the probable goilty amenable to the laws. If I had acted other- wise in the above cases, I would have been obnox- ious to the censure with which the Grand Jury have jostfavored me; but I admit having, during my term of office, been guilty of the offeace of 1 to lend myself tothe paysions and prejudices of cer- tain members of the police force ior the vargous of appoying and oppressing the citizen whom: it was my duty to pees and thore gentlemen have no doutt fourd favor and brothernood with the late Grand Jory. In conclusion, Ido not conceive that thie action of the Grasd Jury, founded es it must be on the most gross missepregentation, will tend to enhance its consideration in the eyes of the Lobe or to dis- sipste the prevalent idea that it survived ite uss. I¢ might have been expected that before teat? these alleged grave errors in the sdmin- stration ot justice, it would bave carefally investi- seiet facts, avd sent for tre papers connected with cases on which they nave founded these indict- mente. The adoption of this simple prelimi would have saved them m+ trouble, and have spared that respectable ungratefal | labor ot preparing a presentment to the rt of Sessions, neither b: tin its diction, correct in ite couciusions, nor accurate in its facts. There is not on the ba k of these indictments the name of a single witners, nor connected with them asringle document to enabie the prosecuting officer to proceed to trial with them; and though on appli- cation, the proper tribune! would, no doobt, quash each indictment, I will, wevertheless, proceed to ge ae Bye oe ta da! i re permianea mabe! that e public may see how ve my A and Ee igviner ite malignancy of those who, ara ing themselves of the uniuteliigent zeal of the late Gracd Juiy, beve origisatea these charges. I am sir, your very obedient servant. Danten W. Crarxa, Police Magistrate, Jefferson Market. Dec. 23, 1854, Theatres and Exhibitions, Broapway Tnratne.—Tne grand operatic 3) tacle of “The Encnar tress,” which is produced in reat splendor, is announced again for tuis evening, The characters of Don Sylviv, Ramis, and Sielia, y Mies L. Pyne, and Mersrs. Herrison aod Borrsai. gracd bei masque is inte duced, in which M’lle Zee oud Mr. Wiethoff will appear, assisted by am tflicient corps de ballet. Bowrny Taeatre.-- A bi lof very attractive fea- tues is announced for tbis evening by Maaeger Welcion. The emusemen's commence with the drama of “Nora Creias.” Tivos piece will d+ suc- ceeded by the tarce ot “Ths Girrious Minority,” and the beautifal spectacle dram» of “The Massacre of Micbillimakinac” conclaces the entertainmenta. Nis.o’s Garpsx.—The grand opera of “The Bo- hemian Girl,” whish has been produced by Mr. Niblo in his usua! style of excel'ene, is announced. egain for thiseventag, wien M’lie Nau, whose vocal abuity is edmired by everybody, will sing the rdle of Arline. She will be assisted by St. Albyn, Horn- castle, living and Harrison. Buston’s Tasatai.—The dramatic s2lections for this evening must insure full nouse, The first Piece is the comedietta of “Living too Fast,” the ew comedy of “A Nice Young Man,” and the much sdmired local satire of “Apollo in New York.” Burton, Jorden, Johnston, Miss Raymond, Mics Macarthy, Miss Annie Lee, Barton and Mra. Hughes sppear. Wa.iack’s Taratae.-A new drama, adapted. from the French, eatitied “ The Sisters,” wita new acexery, will commence the entertainments. Miss Reva Berreit in two characters, The otner parte by Blake, Dyott, Lester, and other tamous artistes. the farce of the ‘* Windmill” will terminate the smusemcnte ; Vir.c-nt, Chippendale, Mrs, Stephens, and Mrs, Cramer, in the leading parts. Mergorouitan TuaTre.—The benefit of a fine actor and great favorite, Mr, E. Eddy, takes place to- night, when it is hoped bis humerous friends and admirers will give him a bumper. The pieces se- lected are Shaksvesre’s tragedy of “‘ Mac! Md the drama of “Ercesi Maltravers.” Mr. i as Macbeth and Richard Darvel, Mra. M. Jones as Lady Macbeth. AmEnicaNn Musevm.—-The attendance at this place of amusement has considerably increased, owing to the acditional tafent of Mr. and Mrs, J. R. Scott. The dramatic piece announced for the afternoon and evening is the play of “ Rob Roy;” Scott as Roy, Mre. Scott ss Helen Macgregor, Hadaway as Baile Nicol Jarvie, and Miss Mestayer as exLOv. Woon’s Minstreis.—This place of amusement ie crowded prerzewwning, owing to the excellent man- sgement of , Who spates no expense to ¢ his . A fine selection of melo- Fier, also Rochester Knockings, for even- ing. jUCKLEY’s SERENADERS are playing the burlesque on the opera of “Boppambula? to very good it is again announced for this evening, together witb instromentel pieces. Fre Horninte Morven nN Icimon—A Womaw Kiniep by BER F'aruer.—From the Belvsile papers we have the the moet atrocions and cold-blooded murders, muitsed st the former place, which uncer our notice. It appears that a works ogo very mumarefally Feak sea inp weeks ago very wife, on account of which cruel his house and sought wi Lo ; ; 3B i t reilll i