The New York Herald Newspaper, March 25, 1854, Page 2

J general effective strength onthe Ist of January, 1858, | tons, and 824 men, forming a total of 1,852 vessels, 181, Our Washington 7 NN THE GREAT EUROPEAN STRUGGLE. STATISTICAL ACCOUNT | OF THE Area, Population, Debt, and Commercial | and Military Resources OF THE COUNTRIES THAT WILL BE IMMEDIATELY INVOLVED IN THE APPROACHING WAR. . RUSSIA. EXTENT AND POPULATION. The Russian empire embraces a superficial area of 43,240 geographical square miles, and it contains a ppulation of 65,931,970 souls. In the year 1886, when the | Ppulation only amounted to fifty-nine millions, the pro- | prtion of serfs was, according to the official report of he Minister of Finance, as followa;—Peasants or slaves, | tho private property @f the Emperor and Lnperial fami- | Ty, crown peasants, &c., 21,463,995; serfs belonging to the nobility, 28,362,595. The annual increase of the population is about 13¢ per cent. RELIGION. As regards creeds, the inhabitants may be approxi- Matively classed as follows:—Greek Church, 49,000,000; | Roman Catholics, 7,300,000; Protestants, 3,500,000; | Moslems, 2,400,000; Jews, 1,500,000; Catholic Arme- Mians and Gregorians, 1,000,000. REVENUES. According to the budget of the Minister of the Do- Mains of the Crown, ihe revenues arising from this source amount to 40,289,354 silver roubles, or $32,431,483. Kiln 1850, the latest oftci.l return that we can find, the revenues arising from the customs produced $1,120,400 Bilver roubles, or $24,903,520. The expense of collection amounts to 734 per cent of this sum, MeCulloch esti- mates the total revenues’ of the empire at about 880,000,000 silver roubles, or about $80,000,000. By an Imporial ukase, dated January 20, 1854, an issue | bf six new series of State notes has been decreed, each of the amount of 3,000,000 silver roubles. The object of this issue is, aceording to the decree, “to meet the ex- traordinary outgoings at the present time.” | Egy FOREIGN TRADE. The following statement shows the relative importance Of the trade with foreign countries in 1850:— portation. Importation. roubles. Silv. roubles. Com’ce with European nations 83, 76,107,446 | “ Asi 15,744,430 | “« 1,275,580 | « 790) Total, Oe Sade. 0 cs 98,448,172 93,918,024 | or $78,758,598 or $75,134,419 A later statement than the above return, which is offi- | fial, gives the genoral results of the foreign trade of Odessa for the year 1853/ The exports are set down for 24,777,717 silver roubles, and the imports for 9,827,359 roubles; total $4,605,076, or $27,684,060. NAVIGATION. The navigation in the ports of the Baltic, White Sea, and ports of the South, presents an average of 7,000 arrivals and 7,000departures. Tue tonnage may be estimated as Jollows:—Arriyals, 303,187; departures, 288,038 tons. PUBLIC DEBT. According to the Journal of St. Petersburg of the 10th | July, 1852, the public debt of the Russian empire and of Poland, presented on the Ist January in that year a total Df 400,667,799 silver roubles, or $320,524,424. It amounted in 1837, according to the report of the Minister, M. Kankrin, to 950,333,574 silyer roubles, or $75,068,859. For the redemption and payment of the interest of the redeemable and perpetual debts there was wisigned in 1851 to the Commission of the Sinking Fund, in addition to its capital, an annual sum of 28,496,647 silver roubles, or $22,797,318. 53: ARMY. The regular army is composed of 12 corps of infantry nd4of cavalry. The former are subdivided into 30 divi- ons, 56 brigades, and 110 regiments; and the latter into buivisions, 30 brigades, and 61 regiments. The irregu- wr troops, consisting of Cossacks, Baskirs, and other mi-barbarous nations, are divided into 13. brigades, mmposed of 133 regiments. The foot artillery consists of 9 divisions, 29 brigades 4nd 162 batteries, and the horse artillery of 2 divisions, 6 | brigades and 30 batteries. he garrison artillery is com- | posed of 15 brigades and 863g batteries—in all, twelve di- Visions, 21 brigades, 15514 batteries, (15 companies.) Parks of Artillery—7 brigades, 23 companies an’ com- | mandos—37 parks. Arsenals 17—manufactories 7—schools 3 CORPS OF ENGINEERS. Sappers—3 brigades, 15 battalions, 61 companies and | commandos, 634 parks; pontoniers 6!4 ; horse pioneers 4 squadrons; parks 2, commandos of engincers 10, 40 companies; companies of military workmen 26; compa- nies of correction 54. Arsenals1; 1 company coniue- tors, 1 company military colonies, 7 districts; battalions | of war workmen, 3; companies, 9}s- Artillery train, 12 brigades, 523¢ battalions, 330 companies. Topographists, 30 companies. Enfants de Troupe, 5 brigades, 19 batta- lions, 48 squadrons, 5 companies. Military Colonies, 31 Gistricts. Invalids, 1 brigade, 1 battalion, 138 compa- nies. | It is difficult to arrive at am exact estimate of the pre- | pont military force of Russia, owing to the large propor- tion of irregular troops of which it is composed. In 1848, it was calculated in Atkinson's ‘Pictures of the North,’” at 1,006,000, thus distributed :—Siek and Invalid, 113,000; Establishment of Emperor, 148,000; Servants, 92,000; Corps of Caucasus, 80,000; of Siberia and Orenburg, 21,- 000; of Finland, 25,000; of Lithuania, 40,000; Military Colonies, 60,000; Cordon Militaire, 6,000; one third of Cos- | sack hordes that remain in province, 40,000; garrisons; 80,000; interior guard, 120,000, thus leaving only 181,- 000 disposable troops. McCulloch estimates the regular army in timo of peace at 594,000 men, aud when he comes to add to this number the troops not of the line, or those forming the irregular army, he arrives at nearly the same results. It is impossible to form any correct calculation of what [ditional amount of troops the new war levios will foduce. The levies are ordinarily in the proportion of ae or two to every 500 males; but during war the propor- on is at least as two or throe to 500, and sometimes as uch as four or even five to 500. The last levy de- weed by Imperial Ukase was nine to 1,000. The whole active army of Rassia is now placed upon a war footing. All men on leave have been recalled. ‘The commanders of the diferent army corps of infun try are :— First corps in Lithuania and Augustovo, under Gene- ral Sievers. Second, in Poland, under General Paniutin Third, in Bessarabia, Moldavia and Wallachia, under General Osten Sacken. Fourth, in Moldavia and Wallachia, under General Da- nenberg. Fifth, (one division is in davia, under General Lud Sixth, in Moseow, under Genoral Tcheodaireff, The ar my in the Principalities consists of two corps and a half, under the supreme command of Prince Gorstchakof. Prince Woronzow commands tho separate Caucasian ar my and one division of the fifth infontry corps. The Russian army is supported at very little expense. ‘The pay of » common Ru ier dors not exceed twenty-five shillings sterling a year, and various dedue- tions are even made from this miserable allowance. Ho gets a new uniform every year, and is allowed in addition dhree barrels of flour, twenty-four pounds of salt, and a pertain quantity of rye or oatmeal. At home, the sol ier is paid in paper, but when he crosses the frontier he is paid in silver roubles and as one of the latter is equivalent to four of the former, his pay When abroad is of course augmented in the same proportion. Exclusive of their pay, the higher class of officers reseive consid- erable allowance, as mess money, &e., and they generally contrive to eke out their emoluments in various indirect ways. The pay of the subalterns is most inadequate, | and it is hardly possible for any one to serve as a subal- | tern in the cavalry, especially in the cavalry of the | guard, unless he have private resources. During peace, promotion depends upon seniority, from the rank of en- | sign to that of Colonel; during war it is determined in- | fifferently by gallantry, selection, and seniority, ! NAVY. ‘The Russian Navy is composed of forty-five vessels of be line, and thirty frigates. The first, second, and third | quadrona are generally stationod in the Balttc, and the | ourth and fifth in the Black Sea. Each squadron is composed of nine vessels of the line, six sailing and ! steam frigates, and smaller vessels. Flotillas ore also sta. tioned in the Caspian and in the Sea of Ochotsh. The Grand Duke Constantine is Grand Admiral of the floet. Russian ships, both in the Baltic and Black Seas, last put a very short time, and are consequently very expen- give. The great naval stations are Cronstadt, in the Gulf of Finland, and Sebastopol in the Black Sea. ) in Bessarabia and Mol n Be | | | t | 000. By the peace concluded with Dhulap Singh, the | might be said to prevail in the British dominions, TURKEY. EXTENT AND POPULATION. ‘The Ottoman Empire extends over a part of Europe, ‘Asia and Africa, embracing an area of about 913,000 square miles, According to the general census taken | | in 1844, the total population amounted to 35,850,000 in- | habitants, including that of Egypt. It is composed of at | Yeast thirteen diferent races, vis. :—Otlomans, Slaves | Roumans, Arnauts, Greeks, Armenians, Jews, Tartars, Arabs, Syrians, and Chaldeans, Druses, Kurds, Turko- | mans. RELIGION. Classified according to religions, there are ; of Mussul- mans, 20,550,000; Greeks of all shades, 13,730,000. Catholics, 900,000; Jews, 170,000. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. According to Mr. Ubicini, the revenueand the expendi- ture of the Ottoman Empire may be estimated in ordi- nary times as follows :—Revenue, $33,622,000; expendi- ture, $33,644,000, ARMY, The Turkish army, according to the new organization effected in 1843, under the direction of the Seraskier Riza Pacha, is composed, first, of the active army; second, of the reserve; third, of the auxiliary troops; fourth, of the irregular troops. First. The active or regular army is composed of six corps, or ordous, formed each of eleven regiments, viz. : —Six of Infantry, four of cavalry, and one of artillery, forming together two divisions and six brizades, with an effective force of 20,980 men and twelve batteries. At the head of the ordou is placed a muchir, or feld-mare- chal, under whose command are placed two or three feriks, (Generals of Division,) and as many livas, (Gen- erals of Brigade,) together with another, who has no brigade. This latter is a member of the Council of Ad- ministration and of Ordous. The nominal strength of the regular army is 160,484, and the real effective, 188,080 men. The Seventh Regiment of artillery, (reserve,) and the three regiments of artillery employed for the service of the Dardanelles and the Bosphorus, as well as the en- | gineer and the detached corps, do not form part of the ordous. 2. ‘The reserve, or redif, is divided into four corps, mili- | tarily organized, and prosenting, in different arms, a | number of regiments equal to that of the regular army. he auxiliary contingents are composed of 20,000 | ians, 30,000 Bosnians and Herzegovinians, 40,000 | ptians, 10,000 Albanians, and 10,000 Tripolitans and Tunisians—making a total of 110,000 men. 4. The irregular troops consist of 50,000 Mussulman volunteers, 6,000 Kayasses and Seymen, (foot and horse gendarmeric,) and 5,500 Tartar and Cossack emigrés— making a total of 61,500 irregular troops. Grand total of the Turkish army in time of peace, 448,860 men. NAVY. The Turkish fleet consists of 4 vessels of the first rank, 13 of the second, and 14 frigates, mounting, in all 2,286 guns, and carrying 17,600 mon. Besides these, | there are 12 corvettes, of from 18 to 44 cannon, and having from 150 to 260 men; 4 brigs, of from 12 to 18 cannon, and carrying from 100 to 150 men; 14 cutters and schooners; 18 steamers, with a force of 3,700 horse power; 8steamers for the service of the Bosphorus, and | 8 corvettes, and other small vessels. TRADE. ‘The value of the commercial exchanges between Tur- key and its tributary provinces is, as nearly as can be es- timated, as follows:—With Egypt, $8,000,000; with Wal- Jachia, $3,000,000 ; with Moldavia, $1,500,000 ; with Servia, $500,000. The total améunt of its imports from foreign countries is about $48,000,000, and its exports about $44,000,000. England and France are the two countries that benefit most by the trade with Turkey. GREAT BRITAIN. EXTENT AND POPULATION. count the cavalry and try regiment East Indies, the total force ia to be 142,630, of whom 29,653 are to be in the Companys pay. The number of officrrs and mon of the several ordaance corps and departments proposed to be mainta'ned for service at home and abroad, is raised from 17,598—the number voted last year—to 19,266. The force will be:— Royal Engineers, 330; Royal Sappers and Miners, 2,640; Royal Artillery, 15,013; Royal Horse Artillery, 1,124; riding horse troops, 35; garrison master gunners, 71; field train department, 7; medical department, 46. The artillery regiment includes a company of Royal African Gunners, at Jamaica, and a company of Gun Lascars, at Hong Kong. From the distribution of the forces, as lately laid be- fore Parliament in the estimates, it appears that there | are now at home, or within the limite of Great Britain ‘and Ireland, 64,795, horse, foot and recruiting troops in- cluded. If, therefore, 10,000, or even 20,000, men are despatched to the Mediterranean, there would still re- main upwards of 40,000 men at home, exclusive of ma- rine and artillery; and these, with as many more militia, will constitute a force considerably larger than used to be maintained in times past for the national defence. NAVY, ‘The sailing portion of the British navy consists of 73 ships-of-the-line, 79 frigates, and 122 sloopa and smaller vessels, Its total tonnage is about 860,000 tons, showing a diminution during the last seven years of about 181,- 000 tons. ‘The steam navy of Great Britain includes, according to the latest official notification, 24 screw ships-of-the- line, 17 screw frigates, and 34 screw sloops, &c., together with 9 paddle-wheel frigates and 110 paddle sloops. now to 468 ships and vessels, of the aggregate burden of 600,000 tons. In 1811 the whole of the British navy amounted to about 696,000 tons, including ships in the | | course of building, and others whose condition was no longer fit for active service. FRANCE. EXTENT AND POPULATION. ‘the French Empire, including its colonies, covers a su- perficial area of 15,439.29 square miles. The popula- tion of France was, by the returns of 1851, estimate! at 25,781,628, to which are to be added 812,568 for the colo- nies, making a total of 36,504,196 souls. RELIGION. Although the Roman Catholic is the dominant religion in France, toleration is enjoyed by other sects in the | widest sense of the term. Previous to 1789 the Roman | Catholic Church enjoyed revenues to the amount of near- | iy $24,000,000. Its total income at the present day does not amount to more than $6,800,000, or about one franc per head for each individual of the population. M. de | st, Fargeau, in his “Apergu Statistique,” estimates the number of Calvinists and Lutherans at 5,000,000; but the “Eneyclopedie des Gens du Monde’? calculates the whole of the dissenters at only 2,100,000. The Jews | amount to about 60,000. There are a few Anabaptists in the Vosges and Moravians in the Department du Nord. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. When the budget of 1853 was voted, the revenue of France was estimated at $248,860,850. According to the official report of M. Bineau on the financial results of the year, this estimate was exceeded by $14,800,000, which made an actual total of $263,650,856. The actual reve- nue of 1847 was $267,260,653. The present revenue is therefore only about $3,600,000 less than it was under Louis Philippe’s reign—a most satisfactory result, as com- pared with the revenue of the four or five preceding years. ‘The whole deficiency in tho year 1853 from the estimates as voted, with the addition of certain extraor- dinary and unforeseen expenses, would have amounted to about $20,000,000, but to meet this deficiency there was an increase in the receipts, over and above the esti- “mated revenue, of more than $15,000,000, and the groater part of the remainder is made up by the withdrawal of cortain items which had figured in the estimates ; in so Great Britain and her European possessions embrace an area of 5,711.87 geographical square miles, and con- | tain, a population of 27,675,824 souls. Her colonies in | North America, Asia, Africa, Australia and the West In- dies cover a total superficial area of 67,642.96 goographi- cal square miles, and possess a population of 5,999,222 | inhabitants. ‘The area embraced by her East Indian em- | pire is 34,109 geographical square miles, with a popula- | tion of 101,957,500 souls, The tributary countries—such | as Berar, Oude, Mysore, Cochin—embrace about 23,549 geographical square miles, with a population of 50,000,- | Punjab has been incorporated with the Indo-Britannic em- pire, with the exception of the territory of Goulab Singh and of Cachemire and of Dschamou. ‘The extent of this new territory is estimated at 4,700 geographical square miles, and the number of its inhabitants at 3,000,000. Since the commencement of the present century the population of Great Britain has nearly doubled, notwith- standing the vast amount of emtgration that has taken place. From 1821 to 1831, 274,317 persons emigrated to this country from Great Britain; from 1831 to 1841, 717,913, and from 1841 to 1851, 1,691,516. The emigra- tions in 1852 were as follows:—United States, 244,261; Australia, 368,767; New Zealand, 87,881; North Ameri- can Colonies, 82,876. RELIGION. Although the Protestant religion is the religion of the | State, it is professed by but comparatively a small portion of the vast population which the British empire contains, ‘The established Church of England has retained the Epis- | copal form of government, and isa very richly endowed institution, Were it not for the disabilities under which the Jews still labor, the most perfect religious toleration | | REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. | containing a government balance sheet of the public in- come and expenditure, it would appear that in the year ending 10th of October last, the net income was £54, 568,351 3s. 5d., and the expenditure £51,320,927 11s; 6d. leaving an excess of income over expenditure of £3,247,- | 423 11s. 11d. In the year ended the 5th of January last, the net income was £54,430,344 9s. 6d., and the expendi- ture £51,174,839 14s. 11d., leaving an excess of income over expenditure of $8,265,504 14s. 74, ‘The probable estimate for the year 1864-5 will be, ac- | cording to Mr. Gladstone’s statement:—Income, £58,349,- | 000; expenditure, £56,189,000—deiicit, £2,840,000. | DEBT. The funded debt of Great Britain was on the 5th of January, 1850:—£516,800,156 stocks at 3 per cent; £215,- 249,071 annuities, 344 per cents; £429,951 new annuities, 5 per cents. Total of the English debt, £732,479,778. Debt of Ireland, £40,688,538. The annual expense en- tailed by the consolidated debt, was £27,686,458. The | debt not funded was on the 5th of January, 1860, £17,- 758,700; and sums not paid, for which grants had been made by Parliament, £7,110,361; making, together, £24,- | 869,001, the annual interest of which amounted to £276,- FOREIGN TRADE. The returns from the English Board of Trade of the to- tal exports and imports in 1853, as compared with 1852, show a remarkable increase of commerce. The total value of the exportations in 1852 was £71,376,006, whilst in 1859 it amounted to £87,357,308—Iincrea £15,082,240, As the aggregate value of the im- ports is not published in these returns, we are unable to give the general result. An examination of the separate items shows that as regards the articles of food imported and taken into consumption, there has been no particular alteration. Grain, tea, sugar, tobac co, spirits, and wine, had all been used in nearly the same | quantities as during the same period in the preceding | year; but in coffee, fruits, and spices there had been a In cotton there had been a falling off 311,300 | decrease. owt. By a return just presented to Parltument, showing the | number of British ships employed in the trade of the United Kingdom in 1853, as compared with the four pre- | vious years, it appears that whereas in 1849 there were engaged in the home and foreign trade of the United Kingdom 18,221 vessels, of 3,096,342 tons, employing | 152,611 men, there were in 1853 only 18,206 vessels, but their tonnage was 30,087, and the number of men em- | ployed was 17: River steamers are not reckoned in this return. ARMY, The British army is constituted as follows:—dufantry— | 3 regiments of Grenadier Guards, Coldstream and Scots Fusileer Guards, 99 regiments of the line, a rifle brigale, and 3 West India regiments. Cavalry—2 regiments of Life Guards, 1 of Horse Guards, (blue,) 7 of Dragoons ot the Guard, 8 of Dragoons, 4 of Light Dragoons, 5 of Hus- sars, Sof Lancers, The increase in the forces fixed by the late estimates, 'n consequence of the present war- | like aspect of affairs, will be larger than in the previous year by 10,604. The number of officers and rank and fle athome and abrond, (exclusive of India,) which was fixed at 102,282, is now raised to 112,977. The disteiyeg- much go that the difference between the revenue actually received and the actual expenditure was stated to be only about $800,000. The direct and indirect taxes of the year 1852 produced $13,800,000 more than the preceding | year, and the year 1853 has produced $8,400,000 more than 1852. When we take into account that the budget of 1851, which preceded Louis Napoleon’s accession, left 8 deficit of nearly $20,000,000, the above results reflect credit upon the administration of the finances under the Imperial regime. DEBT. The public debt of France figured in the project of the budget of 1853 at $77,141,542. Of this the consolidated debt and the sinking fand are sct down at $57,994,682 ‘The remainder is made up as follows :—Special loans for different public works, $1,792,060; interest of capital re- imbursable under different titles, and interest of securi- | ties, $140,000,000; interest of the floating debt, $4,200,000; ife annuities, $11,754,800. On the 7th of this month the Legislative Assembly passed » bill authorizing the Minister of Finance to contract a oan of 250,000,000 francs, to meet the first expenses of ‘the war. FOREIGN TRADE. According to documents just published by the The whole of the British nayy, therefore, amounts | 508,090. ‘The calling out of the entire army reserves for the last five years, with the contingent of 1854, will raise the cifective of the French army to about 730,000 mon. NAVY, In the appendix to the Budget of the Minister of Ma- rine for 1852, a list is given of all the ships-of-war, fri- gates, steamers, &c., in the possession of the French government, with a statement of the then position of the ships building. From this return it appears that the total number of vessels of all kinds and sizes in the French war navy, amounts to 334, of which 24 are ships- of-the-line, 98 frigates, 28 corvettes, 42 brigs-of-war, 6 cannonieres, (brigs,) 36 light vessels, and 35 transports, varying from 800 to 360 tons; 1 steamsbip-of-war, (960 horse power,) 20 steam frigates of from 650 to 450 horse power, 29 steam corvettes, and 70 steam ayisos; four ships-of-war on the mixed system, (sails and steam,) 3 frigate, 2 corvettes, and 1 aviso. Besides this there were 67 ships of different kinds on the stocks, namely: 22 ships- of-war, 18 frigates, 2 corvettes, 8 brigs, 2 steam men-of- war, 2 steam frigates, 5 steam corvettes, and 3 steamers of smaller size. The steam navy of France amounts to no less than 120 ships, of different sizes. The vessels are kept in an extraordinary state of efficiency. There is hardly a ship in the French navy that is not fit for sea, and that cannot be despatched on service in the course of afew weeks. AUSTRIA. EXTENT AND POPULATION. ‘The total area of the Austrian empire is estimated in the maps of the Austrian engineers at 12,153 square German, or 257,368 square English miles. The extensive frontier of the empire—upwards of 4,250 miles in length —has the rare advantage of being advantageously de- fined by natural boundaries, offering favorable positions for defence, with the exception of a portion of the fron tier of Galicia, towards the Russian provinces, which is open. According to the Almanach de Gotha of last year, the total population amounted to 36,514,466, showing a pro- portion of about 3,150 inhabitants to the German square mile. The population, according to nationalities, was thus classified in the census of 1846:—Sclaves, 15,282,195; Roumans, (in the broad sense,) 8,104,756; Germans, 7,917,195; Asiatic races, (Magyar, Jews, Armenians,) 6,279,608—making a total of 37,588,755, including Cra- cow, which in 1848 counted 122,476 Poles, 17,846 Jews, and 400 Germans. RELIGION. The religions are thus divided:—Roman Catholics, 26,- 857,172; Greek Catholics, 3,694,896; Greek Schismatics, 8,161,805 ; Protestants of the confession of Augsburg, 1,286,799; Reformed, 2,161,765; Unitarians, 50,541; other sects, 2,860; Jews, 729,005. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. The financial system of Austria is enshrouded in so much secrecy that it is dificult to arrive at any very correct calculation of its revenue and expenditure. The not revenue is estimated by McCulloch at 150,000,000 | florins, or $82,800,000. The Almanach de Gotha gives us atotal of 205,760,000 florins, or $118,168,000, for the year 1851; but this probably includes the cost of collec- tion, which amounts to 15 per cent. Calculating from the first five months of the year 1852,the latter authority estimates the probable revenue of that yoar as likely to amount to 225,000,000 florins, or $123,750,000; of which | 80,000,000 florins, or $44;000,000 are act down as direct taxes, 120,000,000 florins or $66,000,000 indirect, and 25,009,000 florins or $13,750,000, arising from other sources, The expenditure of the government is never published, even if it be fully ascertained. We find, however, in tho Almanach de Gotha an estimate of the expenditure for the first six months of the financial year 1861, (that is to say, from the Ist of Nov., 1850, to the 30th of April, 1861,) as follows:—Ordinary expenses, 94,377,484 florins, or $51,907,616; extraordinary expenses, 52,012,383 florins, or $28,606,811—total for the six month, 146,389,867 florins, or $80,514,427. Total for the year, according to this calculation, 292,779,784 florins, or $161,028,854. DEBT. The public debt of Austria amounted, on the Ist of January, 1850, to 1,028,200,000 florins, or $562,760,000. In September, 1851, @ loan of 85,569,800,000 florins, or | $49,063,390, was contracted by subscription, to raise the value of paper money, and in May, 1852, another of 35,000,000 florins, or $19,250,000, was contracted abroad | for the same purpose. The total amount of paper money | 158,956,400 florins, or $87,425,470; and the exports to French government, the commerce of France with foreign | countries, in 1852, was equal to $600,000,000, imports and exports together, being an increase of twelve per cont over 1851. Of this total 72 per cent represents the im- the fourteen foreign countries set down in this table the increase is nearly general, and is particularly large with England, the United States, and Russia. The amount | with the latter in 1852 was about $14,000,000. When this return was drawn up, the large direct exports to * From a parliamentary paper lately issued in London, Australia had not commenced, which will bring that country on the list of 1863. At the same time it is to be remembered that none of the figures can be taken as fur- | nishing anything more than approximations, owing to the general vagueness of official valuations. ARMY. On the first of January, 1852, the French army was constituted as follows:—100 regiments, (seventy-five of the line and twenty-five of light infantry,) each regiment of three battalions, six companies to each battalion—one of grenadiers or carbineers, one of voltigeura, and four of the centre. Ten battalions of foot chassours, light com- panies, and 800 men to each battalion. Three regiments of Zouaves, (employed in Algeria,) each consisting of thage battalions of nine companies each, one of which is in depot. Three battalions of African light in- fantry ; twelve companies of discipline, (fusileers or pioneers) ; one foreign consisting of two regiments—together 2,600 men. Three battalions mn, | of native African tirailleurs, each of eight companies; three companies of veteran sub officers, and three com- panies of veteran fusileers. Cavalry—Twelve regiments of cavalry of reserve (two of carabineers and ten of curasiers); twenty regiments of cavalry of the line (twelve & dragoons and cight of lancers); twenty-six regiments of light cavalry (thirteen of chasseurs, nine of hussars, four of African chasseurs). Exch of the above regiments consists of five squadrons. Besides these there ore three regiments of Spahis, consisting of six squadrons cach. Four companies of cavaliers de remon'e and one school at arms established at Saumur. Artillery—Fifteen regiments, with sixteen batteries, one of which is a regimont of pontoniers composed of twelve companies; twelve companics of workmen and ‘one company of armourers; four squadrons of the wa- gon train of the parks of artillery, consisting of eight companies, five of which are composed of veteran ean- noniers. By a deerce of the Emperor, dated the 14th of Febra- ary, 1854, the constitution of this force has been altered. There are now seventeen regiments of artillery, with an ensemble of sixty foot batteries, twelve companies of cannonicr-pontoniers; thirty-four field batteries or com- panies of cannonier-conductors, one hundred and five mounted batteries, thirty-two horse batteries, and seven- teen cadres de depot, making a total of 260 cadros of batteries or companies. ‘The engineer force is composed of two battalions and a company of sappers; each battalion is formed of seven companies of sappers and @ company of miners; two companies of engineer workmen, and a company of ve- terans, ‘The troops of the army administration are composod of one battalion of workmen, composed of seven com: panies, comprising that of the depot, a corps of mililary equipages, six parks and three companies of workmen, four squadrons of wagon conductors, composed of foar companies and of a depot exch. There are also corps of officers of military he«lth, of the administration of mili- tary hospitals, of equipping and encampmoat, ami of mt- | litary subsistence. The following are the principal results of an account just published by the Minister of War, on the recruiting of the army in 1852 :—The effective atrength of the army tion is thus effected:—Cavalry—Life Guards ani Horse Guards, 1,908; Cavalry of the Line, 7,478. ‘Infantry— | Foot Guards, 6,149; Infantry of the Litio, 88,403; West | India regiments, 3,417; Colonial corps, 5,278; to which | ate to be added 560 men in the 8F the East India | Company, but serving in Great Bri in 1687.4A4 On an average $60,560 men, offleors, sab- | officers, corportiy Rd privates ; in 1851, it was 498,632. On the 1st of JaQf@tY 1863, after 95,019 men of the clase of 1845 had be’? #ent home, the army in active sor- vieo had an offeoti e strength of 376,101 mon, namely, 804,864 at home and 71,287 in Africa. The reserve at in circulation, independent of the notes of the Lombardo- Venetian treasury, was 167,883,981 florins, or $92,330,190. The lattor was estimated at $2,110,860 lira, or $316,629. ‘The old debt of 1816 bears interest in the depreciated pa- per currency, and the whole of that charge (630,000,000 florins, or $246,500,000) is redeemable by lotiery, five miliions of florins being annually drawn by lot, and either paid off or placed in silver value, at the option of the holder. The new loans bear interest at five, four and three per cent. FOREIGN TRADE. The imports of Austria for the year 1850 amounted to 104,847,50081., or $57,066,125. ARMY. The Austrian army consists of four grand divisions— namely, those of Vienna, Verona, Pesth, and Lemberg, which are again subdivided into fourteen corps d’armée. There is, besides these, the army of Croatia, Sclavonia, | and Dalmatia, commanded by the Ban, and consisting of portsand exports by sea, and 28 per cent by land. On | four divisions, or ten brigades. The infantry is composed of thirty-five German and Gallician regiments, having each five battalions—in all, 175 battalions; 20 Hungarian regiments of 4 battalions cach—in all, 80 battalions; § Italian regiments, of 4 bat- talions cach—in all, 32 battalions; 14 frontier regiments, of 8 battalions each—in all, 42 battalions; 1 regiment of ‘Tyrolean chasseurs, 7 battalions; 25 battalions; 25 bat- talions of German chasscurs; 2 battalions of the cordon _ of Buccovina; 1 battalion of Craikists. Each ba:talion | consists of 12,000 men, 80 that the above calculation, which is taken from the Almanach de Gotha, would give a total of 460,800 infantry. The cavalry consist of 8 rogiments of cuirassiers ; 7 re- giment of dragoons; 12 regiments of hussars; 11 regiments of uhlans, and one squadron of dragoons of the staff, making in all 277 squadrons. The field artillery is composed of five regiments, witha total of 125 bitteries of 8 pieces each, and 10 companies of reserve; and also of a corps of axtificers having 16 fusee batteries and 3 companies of reserve. The garrison artillery is composed of eight ,battalions. There are four great artillery establishments: 1. Of ma- tériel, 12 companies; 2. Fusees, 3 companies; 3. Direction of the manufacture of arms, 4, Administration of the matériel; 15 districts. Establishments of instruction, 2. Engineer corps, 2 regiments, each of 8 battalions and one school battalion, 49 companies. Corps of geogra- | phical engineers, 44 officers. Corps of pioneers, 5 batta- lions or 25 companies. Flotilla corps, 4 companies. Gens d’armerie, 16 regiments. ‘The total foreo of the Austrian army, including’ the re- serve, is little short of 600,000 men. NAVY. The Austrian navy consists of 4 frigates with, a total of 182 guns; 6 corvettes, 124 guns; 11 brigs, 152 guns; 5 | schooners, 60 guns; 1 ditto, 6 guns—making a total of 27 vessels, mounting 524 guns, The steam vessels of tho Austrian navy consist of one of 300; two of 160; one of 120; one of 100; one of 80, and two of inferior horse power. PRUSSIA. EXTENT AND POPULATION. According to the Almanach de Gotha, Prussia covers a @ superficial area of 5,101.78 geographical square miles, and contains a population of 16,346,625 souls. RELIGION. ~The religious classification of its inhabitants is as fol- lows:—Protestants, 935,588; Catholics, 6,046,602; Greek Catholics, 1,675; Israelites, 214,866; other sects, 1,675. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. The Budget of the Prussian Minister of Finance for 1852 showed the net revenue of the kingdom to be 97,- 001,021 thalers, or $71,780,755, and the expenditure, or- dinary and extraordinary, to be 99,434,734 thalers, or $73,581,703, leaving a deficit of 2,433,713 thalers, or $1,- 800,048. The expenses of collection amount to from 3 to 4 per cent on the produce of the direct taxes, and from 10 to 12 per cent on the produce of those that are indirect. Denr. ‘The capital of the public debt bearing interest, amount- od in 1852 to 152,154,065 thalers, or $11,854,000, and the provincial debts to 6,977,578 thalers, or $5,163,408. Debt not bearing interest, 30,842,347 crowns, or $22,823,337. In virtue of a royal ordinance of the 28th November, 1851, a new loan of 16,000,000 thalers, or $11,840,000, at 434 per cent, was contracted for the construction of rail- roads. FOREIGN TRADE. ‘The amount of the trade of Prussia cannot, owing to | the free system of internal commerce nov established in Germany, be ascertained with any precision, but it is very considerable, and is rapidly increasing. The mer- chant shipping of Prussia is now composed of 970 vessels for foreign trade, measuring together 131,408 tons, and Taking into ac. , the same period oo of 126,889 men, making thg | carrying 8,221 men; and 379 coasting vessels, of 6,005 eae 051 tons, and 9,046 men. ‘The vessels in the foreign trade belong chiefly 4 Memel, Stettin, Dantzic, and Stralsund, ARMY. The Prussian army is thus constituted:—The infantry is composed of four brigades of guards, subdivided into five regiments of grenadiers, four regiments of land- webr, one battalion of chasseurs, ana one batte- Vion of tirailleurs, in all sixteen battalions; of oight corps d’armée subdivided into thirty-four brigades, and compésed of thirty-two regiments of the line, sixteen regiments of reserve, thirty-two regiments of landwebr, eight battalions of ditto, and eight battalions of chas- seurs, forming in all forty-five regiments of infantry of the line, and eighteen battalions, giving @ total of 136 battalions. Of the landwebr of the first ban there are 32 regiments and 8 battalions ; of landwehr of the guard 4 regiments, making in all 116 batallions, The cavairy is composed of 1 regiment of gardes du corps; 5 regiments of Whe guard, of which two are land- webr; 8 regiments of cuirassiers ; 4 regiments of dra- goons; 12 regiments of hussars, and 8 regiments of Ublans—making a total of 38 regiments of the regular army, and 104 squadrons of cavalry of the landwebr of | the first ban. ‘The artillery consists of 1 regiment of the artillery of the guard, 8 regiments of artificers, and a corps of engineers. The pioneers form 9 companies, one of which is of the guard, and 2 are in reserve. There are 18 companies of invalids—not comprising those of the establishments of Berlin, Stolpe and Rybnick. Each conps d’armée is formed of 2 divisions ; each divi- sion is composed of a brigade of infantry, a brigade of cavalry, a brigade of landwebr, from § to 6 battalions of infantry, of 6 squadrons of cavalry, 6 companies of ar- tillery and pioneers, and of a section of chasseurs—in all, 29 batallions of infantry, 24 squadrons of cavalry, 1 regiment of artillery, a section of pionoers, and 1 or 2 companies of invalids. The force of a corps d’armée, without comprising the landwebr, may be estimated, in time of peace, at about 14,000 men and 3,000 horses. Total force of the regular army, without comprising the reserve, 225,550 men. Total force of the landwehr of the first ban, 174,616 ; of the second ban, 175,196—ziving a grand total of 575,362 men. The Berlin Zemps, under date of January 10, of the present year, gives a higher total as the effective of the | Prussian army—the number being, according to this au- | thority, 614,000 men, including 3,000 men of the fleet. NAVY. Prussia has no ships of war. The energetic plans that were formed some time back for the rapid extension of | the naval force of Prussia, and which contemplated an outlay of 8,000,000 thalers annually, have come forward for the present in the modest form of a yearly grant of 100,000 thalers, on the strength of which the construc- tion of a ship of war is forthwith to be commenced at Dantzic. * DENMARK. EXTENT AND POPULATION. | Thekingdom of Denmark covers a superficial area of 2,645.49 geog. square miles, and containsa population of 2,450,000 souls. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE. In the budget of the revenue and expenditure for the year 1852-1853 the former is estimated at the sum of 1,527,186 rix thalers, banco, or $1,679,909. The debt of the State, (home and foreign;) in 1851 amounted to 118,- ‘Wasmixcrox, March 23, 1854, Three Southern Speeches in the House on the Nebraska Question—Hot Work—The Agitation alt in a Blaze—The Bill stil Asleep. ‘Tus three incidental sp%eches in the House to-day, fromt | the South, against the Nebraska bill, are the topic of the ‘ hour. That of Mr. Millon, of Va., a strict construction- ist of the tide water school, as a ha.t-splitting specimen of legal acuteness and constitutional loy'®; out-Badgored Badger all to pieces. Millson eclipses PAdger—over- whelmed him, turned his batteries against him, .°"* “P i. from the roots, and scattered to the right and the let., ‘the Douglas bill and all the chop-logic of national jurispru- dence in support of it as a Southern measure. He showed that the bill was a delusion, a humbug, a stultification of itself, a concession to squatter sovereignty, which usurps the rights of the South, and as utterly good for nothing but as a mockery to the Southern States. Long before Millson was through Badger was distanced, and at the close of this searching, sifting, and splendid bit of Virginia tide-water constitutional philosophy, Douglas was wholly obscured, and Badger was nowhere. ‘Tho. North Carolina hair-splitter must knock under to the” Virginia hair-splitter, who entrenches himself behind all sorts of statutes and established authorities. - The Badger proviso, which repeals the old French law recognizing slavery in the Kansas and Nebraska Territo- ries, and which was superseded by the Missouri compro- mise, was the special point of Mr. Millson’s attack, and such a mass of constitutional and legal obstructions as he piled upon this Badger amendment was quite sufii- cient to smother it to the satisfaction of all the strict constructionists south of Mason and Dixon’s line. The whole pith of his argument) against the Senate bill was that it placed the conceded rights of the South on the lower side of 36 80 at the mercy of squatter sovereign- ty, without any satisfactory recognition of Southern equality on either side of the line; and that the practi- cal operation of the bill would ‘be, not a gain to the South of another inch of territory, but the loss of that which, under Territorial and Congressional laws, 1s now the conceded property of the South. Such was the speech of Mr. Millon, an interpreter of the constitutional rights of the South from the tidewater section of Virginia, = section whose scholars have never been surpassed im theig metaphysical knowledge of political abstractions— never, not even by Mr. Calhoun himsclf, the Magnus Apollo of the whole school of the strictest hair-spli he second speaker this morning against Nebraska was Mr. Hunt, of Louisiana. His speech was an eloquent har- rangue—a Rosaieueece of patriotic declamat the violation of the healing measure of the com- promise, and an indignant repudiation of all Northern as- sumptions in vindication of the insulted honor of the South. The South could take care of herself. The ladies in the gallery would pronounce Mr. Hunt’s the most beau- tiful speech of the session, by all odds, although he did not read it from the manuscript; but the lawyers on the floor would pronounce it but a rushlight in 4 contrasted with the close and compact argument of Mill- son. In fact, the speech of the one was a Fourth of July oration—that of the other was a discourse as if before the Supreme Court of the United States upon the law and the testimony. And yet, the Virginian, in his manner and actions, as well as in the substance of his speech, was even more orator than the Louisianian. The third of the lions of the day was Mr. of Kentucky, the young Hector of the of the! Dinet, the great gun of the administration, and one of the very finest speakers in the House. Of course he did his best for the bill as a great constitutional and de- mocratic measure, and in the course of it he ras the distinguished leader of tho New York city delegat paptien very a on the knuckles. He was evident- ly shocked that Mr. Cutting’s speech the other day for Nebraska should haye been made in support of his mo- tion which consigned Nebraska to the tomb of the Capu- lets. ‘Truly, that speech was very much like that of one of King David’s generals to er with whom he had 700,000 rix thalers, or $130,570,000, and the interest to 4,224,000 rix thalers, or $4,646,400. The Almanach Royal of Denmark only gives the fol- lowing details respecting the army:—Generals, 19; gene- ral staff, 12 officers; aides-de-camp of the king, 8 officers; | corps of engineers, 35 officers; brigade of artillery, 120 of- ficers; squadron of gardes du corps, 8 officers; division of husears of the guard, 14 officers; four regiments of dragoons, 88 officers. Infantry—Fourteen colonels, twen- ty-two lieutenant-colonels, thirty-seven majors, 142 cap- tains; first lieutenants, 146; second lientenants, 161. Besides the foot guards, there are four battalions of in- fantry of the line, nine battalions of the line, three corps of chasseurs, six battalions of reserve, two corps of chas- seurs of reserve, five battalions of fortstoerknings, two corps of chasseurs of forstoerknings. The infantry of reserve counts sixteon captains, sixty-nine first lieute- nants, and 127 second lieutenants. According to Mc- | Culloch, the army nominally amounts to 32,781 men, but | in reality is much less considerable, not exceeding 6,000 | or 8,000 men, Navy. The Danish navy consists of three vessels of the line, | of 84 guns each; one of 80, one of 66, one frigate of 60, | one do. of 48, one do. of 48, two do. of 40, one do. of 44, | one corvette of 28, three corvettes of 20, one bark of 14, | two brigs of 16, two do. of 12, 1 schooner of 8, twolof 1— | making a total of 982 guns. Besides this force, there are | twenty-three mortar gun boats, forty ordinary gun boats, seventeen gun barks, six steam vessels having a combined force of 860 horse power, and one of 260 horse power and 12 guns. FOREIGN TRADE. The commerce of Denmark amounted in 1851 to—Im- | ports, 28,042,561 rix thalers, or $30,864,817; exports, 17,375,204 rix thalers, or $19,112,823, SWEDEN AND NORWAY. EXTENT AND POPULATION. Sweden covers a superficial area of 8,004.76 square miles, and Norway 6,799.21. The population of the former was in 1850, 3,483,803; and of the latter, on the Ist of January, 1846, 1,328,471. REVENUE AND EXPENDITURES. In the project of the Committee of Finances, (March, 1851,) the total revenue of Sweden was estimated at 10,974,580 crowng or $6,036,019; whilst the expenditure amounted to 1,222,940 crowns, or $6,726,170; leaving a deficit of $1,254,880 crowns, or $690,151. The Norwegian budget from July, 1851 to 1854, esti- mates the annual expenditure at 3,200,000c rowns, or $1,760,000. This is covered by 2,000,000 arising from the customs, 1,000,000 arising from other souress, and the balance by 170,000 from the reserve fund of the State. Tn 1849 the active of the State Treasury amounted to 5,600,000 crowns, or $3,080,000; and the passive to 4,061,000 crowns, or $2,233,550. FOREIGN TRADE. anold grudge to settle—‘‘Art thou in health, my bro- ther?’ and he stabbed Abner under the filth rib, and there was anend of him. Mr. Breckenridge, however, may expect to hear from Mr. Cutting to his satisfaction as the debate progresses. Pity there is such a lack of harmony in the democratic party; but we must take Aniogs as we find them, Mr. Breckenridge, and trust to juck. ‘These three speeches exhibit, in extenso, the moral, con- stitutional, legal, and, to a considerable extent, the sec- tional arguments for and against the bill; but they do not shake the prevailing opinion that the Nebraska bill of the Senate is dead. We shall, however, have the whole’ question thoroughly discussed upon the appropriation Vills, and with the adjournment of Congress the agita- tion will be Fey etic over to the country at large. Meantime, the bill sleeps on the general calendar. {Correspondence of the Philadelphia 3 ‘WaAsHINGTON, Mr. Hunter's Land Spree aad eye to the Homestead —The Consulship to London—Meeting of the Texas Cre- Mr. Hunter, of the Senate, introduced a bill in that body for the | eyeing of the public lands, and another for selling to States the public lands contained in them, for internal. per aie at a reasonable rate. The land graduation scheme is nothing else but a means of defeating the homestead, and the sale of the public batten for to the States is a sul Mr. Bennett’s land distribution scheme, while at the same time it strikes at every railroad bill in Congress. Po pe ar As a any Gp cbse Te ‘tors the uth wi 10! in a ins and if @ sufficient number Ue Northern Senators become kinkey on that subject the bill may yet be defeated, ch 862. Nonew aj itments will be made till the end of the session, and the rejected consul to London will be suffered to stay there all summer, i the refreshing breezes Gee a6 bs Mined ae abe ep wanted and he cou! nothing but mischief during present in Washington. - oe session i The Texas creditors held a meeting to-day at the Na- of the Leg stare OC eras, gente ie, ac of the ure of al the five millions Sher wit eben and peas: oF tae ET er Wi e inter ant lum of the stock, to United States, and reling : of $4,100,000 for Indian creditors, thet 9 the the Texan del ion and the creditors, subject. however, to the approval of the Legislature of Texas, was con- sidered favorably, and every confidence expressed rectitude, judgment and wisdom of General of Texas, who has the honor of represen’ the State in part in the United States Senate. A committee was ap- | cli to act in behalf of the creditors, composed of fessrs. Holman, Leslie Coombs, Wilson and Lemar, be- fore the Texan delegation and before Congress. The at, separated in the most perfect harmony. The bill for building six additional wars though supported by the-necessity of the case, will not s the House without. serious opposition and without ing considerably amended. New York Court of Appeals, This court will meet at Albany on Monday, the 27th inst. The following axe the first thirty causes on the calendar :— 1. John Taylor Cooper, appellant, agt. Jane Renwick and others, respondents; Jane Renwick and others, re: spondents, agt. John Taylor Cooper, appellant, : ren iE Robingn: wwe 2. The American Home Missionary Society, The commerce of Sweden was, in 1850, as follows:— Exports, 24,505,000 rixbesth, or $26,955,000; imports, 23,987,000, or $20,885,700. We have no statistical returns of a late date respecting the commerce of Norway. Foreign trade is in a very de- pressed state, owing to a varicty of causes, but more par- ticularly to impolitic restraints and monopolies. merchants and shop keepers in Norway are all licensed burgesses of Bergen, Trondhjem, or other privileged towns, to which they pay a certain tax, and each has a certain tract or circle belonging to his factory, without which no other person is entitled to buy or sell. The im- ports consist principally of coffee, sugar, tobacco, corn, | apices, brandy, wines, tea, &., and the exports, of fish, timber, and other native produce. The trade of Norland and Finmark is slmost entirely monopolized by the Rus- sians. i ARMY. 4,864 cavalry, 9,190 artillerymen, with 128 guns, and 295 belor men. The troupes de reserve comprise about 96,000 men, and the reserve of the army 9,499, In 1850 the exponses of the army amounted to 6,449,421 crowns, (banco,) or $3,647,182. ‘The Norwegian Innd forces consist of 14,324 infantry, cavalry, and artillery, comprising officers, drammers, &e., and of 9,160 landwehr, making a total of 28,484 men. NAVY. frigates, 8 brigs and corvettes, 6 schooners, 8 bomb ves- sels, 22 transport ships, 256 gun boats, and 12 steam vessels. 1851, of 2 frigates, 4 corvettes, 1 brig, 5 schooners, 4 steam vessels, and 136 gun boats. The Crystal Palace Awards, New York, March 24, 1854. Jamns Gorpon Beswerr, Esq.— Dear S1t:—Can you inform the readers of the New Yorx | Hrratp what hos become of the medals and honorable mention with which the Directors of the Crystal Palace Association have favored the exhibitors in the public pa. | pers, but of which nothing further has come to light? Very reapectfully, ‘A SUBSCRIBER. Marine Court. Before Hon. Judge McCarthy. Mancn 23.—Tenents’ Quarrds——dane C. J inst —— Hinch.—This was an action for assault and teltery. It appenred that the parties, who are Germans, reside in the same house, and that the defendant charged Mra. Ban, a pe bed baeat bee Cy etont ay each other in the cellar one day, and abusive language passed between the parties, upon which Mr. Hingh assaulted | Mrs. Jung. he defendant contended that he caught the laintiff in the act of stealing his coal; that she ‘im mad and that ee ee ah, whij The witnesses were an ‘The jury gave plaintiff $61 damages and costs. A negro named Jim Gouch was hung on the 17th inst.. in the town of bate be Va,, for the rt ae a named Sam, belonging to Major y, Temark- able fact that few persons were present on the occa sion. ited. | Y? her. The | The Swedish regular army consists of 25,045 infantry, | 1g to the recruiting corps, making a total of 84,803 | The Swedish fleet consists of 10 vessels of war, 8 | | ‘The Norwegian ficet consisted on the 3st of Decembor, | respondent, Jonathan Wadhams and another, appellants. J, D. | Husbands; $.B. Jewett. Peat One | 8. Garret V. N. Andrews and others, appellants, | Charles W. Durant and others, respondente, It Tee cauly; Hammond & King. | _ 4. Stephon Whitney, respondent, agt. The Mayor, &¢., | of the sty of New York, appellants, ‘Sindforis & Porter; 5. Gabriel L. Oakley, respondent, agt. Lewis Morton, appellant. H.& A. L. Ballard: 8A’ Givens 6. Eugene Lentillon, appellant, agt. The Ma; 3 the city of New York, resvondenta ae Rux; R. J. Siioee | agi, Gente B: ke Hyatt, adminis ator Ke. respondents, | agt. Columbus W. , appellant. ML @) Harrington; EH Hudson. rete sofia , 5 Benedict, respondent, agt. The Buffalo Fire | and Marin Insuraneé Company, appellants. Dexter Rey: Thompson and others, appellants, Mayor. &e., of the city of New Yor ca other) < ion. | 10. Foster Reynolds and another, appellants, agt. Larocque & 9 | The i spondents. E.8. Emmet; R. J. Dil | Charles A. Davis‘and another, reapondents, Barlow; Henry J: Ruggles. - Royal Cowell, respondent, agt. Hlisha Ruckman, ap- | pellant. “Wheaton'& Hadley; 4. teem iin 12. Foster Reynolds and ‘another, respondents, | Charles A. Davis and another, appellints, feross-ap los, | Larocque & Barlow; Henry J.’ Ri ? | 18. Justus If Rathbone, appellant, agt. Samuel | ing and others, respondents. I, H. Katbono: Spencer | 14. Robert E. Launits, appellant, agt. Joseph respondent, W, Packard; M Te Mote: Dead dents, | president, &e,, of the Merchants’ Daal i ate Stree | New York, appellant. George C. Goddard; C, 8. Roe. | well’ and snottier, rege pondents’ “Bandford, "Porter & her, dents, Striker; Stilwell & Swain. mii ent, agt. the President, &., of the Bank | pellants. C. Tucker; 8 Mathews. lent, agt. Frederick L. Vultee and another, appellants, Woodruff & Leonard; R. J. Dillon. | agt. William B. Fulton and others, respondents. shop; Selden & Thompson. D. Patchin, respondent. John Ganson; Dennis Bowen. 21. Peter Lorillard, Ein appellant, agt. the town of Keruen. 15. W. Clark and’ otiers, Bank in the city of | 16. Jacob 17. Elizabeth Atkinson, administratrix, &e,, respond- x "of Monroe, ap- 18. Charles H. Marshall, res 19. The P¢ ex rel,, Elisha Fulton and others, appel- 20. Henry M. Kinneand another, appellants, agt. Aaron Monroe, respondent. J. 5 Monell & Dunning. 22. James J. appellants, agt. Joshua Wells, dent, J. W. Gott; Monell & Dunning 28. "The , &ee., of the city of New York, rex rete; set, ees Price and others, appellants. R. J. Dil- 24. John Costigan, appellant, agi. John Newland, #e- 0. 5 Te 2. John Daly, appellant, Stephen 1D. Van Schaack and another, respondents, ‘Satevene & Co.; P. 26. Willinm Kelley, respondent, agt. the Mayor, the ety of New Yoel, apnehantar oe ion, Dillon. &e. J. Anderson, Jr.; Ry Benedict and others, respondents, Henry Stanton, appellant. Lewis Benedict, J Edwards, 28. Seth C. Jones, respondent, agt. Chas. 3. Olmstead, 29. ihe , agt. Alexander Wt P. Nelson; L. 8. 9 = , apraiiant, » y Glover: ‘The trial of Houghtaling for the murde ccmmenced on the S1st iasteut, in the Supr Albany. rt of Gibson, eme Court of