The New York Herald Newspaper, November 26, 1853, Page 4

) ET NEW YORK HERALD. | gaMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, evrics X. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STR. MS cash in advance. DAILY HERALD 2 cents per copy—8T per annum, THE WEBKLY HERALD every Saturday at via conte copy. ; the Beropeam per an ethan part af Great Prisaim, aad $9 to any purl of the Continent to include nosteroe. JOB PRINTING ezecuted with neatness, cheapness, wo! | TER THE VER TISEMENT'S renewed every day j ATUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Jave Suore-Torty ‘Twves. BROADWAY THEATRS, Broadway—Evapne--Litrie Topp kins. °S THEATRE, Chambers streat—Fox Cuase— On THe MERORANT OF Vewice PRuaswaven. HaTIONsL THEATES, Chatham street—Afternoon and Breuning Uvcux Tom's Cami. WALLACE’S THRATRE, Brostway—Hoxsrwoon—Pur om tur Persicoars. AMERICAN MUSEUM—Aftersoon and Pivening—Uncus Toms Gans PRANCOND'S BIPPODROME, Madioon equare—attor- | gee Stik RNGuiaN Sraarie Ow ise Canoe ING, sk. BROADWAY MENAGERIS—Staxrse Twins axp Wp Ts. BOWSRY AMPHITHEATRE, 87 BSewory—Equasrrian PRRvORMANOES, SHRISTY’S AMEBICAN OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broadway Orise Mecovies BY OuRisty's MicsrRELs. WOOD'S RENSTREL'S, Wood’s Minstrel Ball, 444 Broat- cway—STMiOPtAN MaxsTRELSY. BUCKLAY’S OPERA BOUSE, 639 Brondway—Bvourar's Grnoriay Orzaa TRovPR. BANVARD'S GHORSMA, 696 Bronéway—Panorame or tmn Bory bawp. SO NISH GALLERY, 663 Broadwey—Day and Brening SON CR BLITZ—Sruvvesant Inetitvre, 669 Broadway. 404DEMY HALL. 663 Brosdway—Pannam’s Grrr Bx ur- sarwON OF THE SEVEN MILE MIRROR. POWELL S GREAT NATIONAL PAINTING vor tue ERNMENT 18 NOW OPEN AT TME NATIONAL AOADEXY OF GN, 66% Booadway BOPE CHAPAL, 718 Broadway—Jowns's Pamroscors. THE WORLD IN MINIATURS—Broadway, White street. ner ef Wew York, Saturday, November 26, 1852. = Matis for Europe. BE NEW YORK WEEKLY SERALD. ‘The United States mail steamabip Pacific, Captain Nye, will leave this port at noon to-day, for Liverpool. Subscriptions and advertisements for any edition of ‘he Saw Yorn Hunarp will be recetved at the following pisces ‘m= Barope :— Levmrroor—John Hunter, No. 2 Paradise street. * Yannom—HAwards, Sandford & Co., Cornhill. “ Wen, Thomas & Co., No. 19 Catherine street. Panm—Livingston, Wells & Co., Rue dela Bourse. “ — B. H, Revoil, No. 17 Rue de Is Banque. ‘The European mails wil! clove at half-past ten o’clook Qhis merning. The Wamxiy Bret will be published at half-past cine e’clock this morning. Single copies, in wrappers, #ix- pence. ‘The News. Onur despatches from Washington may be found under the telegrapbic-head. Hon. John Wheeler, of ‘this city, had arrived at the capital, and it is expected he will put come troublesome questions to certain pais ties, as to why E. B. Hart was refused the post 0! Naval Officer, on the ground of not cordially sup- porting the nomina‘ion of Walbridge; and yet a20- Kitionists were appointed to important federal offices, who had decidedly opposed the same nomination. The Prétident’s message was read in Cabinet council yesterday. The estimates of expenditures to be presented at the next cession will show a material reduction, it is said—half a million of dollars in the Interior Department alone. Mezsrs. Fitzpatrick and Clay, secessionists, are reported to have been selected as candidates for the United States Senate, by the cancns of democratic members of the Legislatare of labama. It is stated that the Cabinet confide: expect Gon. Cass will sustain the administratio its consolidating policy. His silence respectir equabbles of the democratic party in this State is taken as evidence of euch intention. ‘Mr. Bosworth, late Postmaster at Troy, has resigned, and Gen Davis is mentioned as his successor. The British Minister attended a concert on Thursday nizht. When “ Hail Columbia” was played, the whole audience, with the solitary exception of the Minister, rose upor their feet. This conduct has been severely animadverted upon, and not without cause, when we consider that in England, upon the performance of the national anthem, the least appearance of con- tempt on the part of a spectator is visited by a strik- ing expression of popular indignation. The Presi- dent bad nearly recovered from illness. On Thursday a young man, named Alexander Heilboun, was arrested on a warrant issued by Com- missioner Nelson. He is charged with forging the endorsement of Charles Macintosh & Co., of London, to a bill of exchange drawn by the cashier of the Bank of Ireland, on the 2d July last. The prisoner was arrested under the provisions of the extradition treaty. Yesterday was the anniversary of the evacuation of New York city by the British troops, which event took place on the 25th November, 1783. The day wae celebrated by a parade of soldiéry, including the Veteran Corps. In the evening the City Hall was Dominated. A report of the Proceedings in this city and Brooklyn will be found in to-day’s paper. Two persons werglast week arrested at Toledo, Ohio, on suspicion of having robbed the Bavk of the State of New York, in this city, of upwards of thirty-seven thousand dollars,on the 31st ult. After anexamination before the Mayor of Toledo it was decided that the prisoners should be sent to New York. Laurence Fongherty was executed yesterday at Buffalo, for the murder of Mr. Brown, of Alton, ia. December last. He asserted that he was innocent to the last. Six of the crew of the packet ship James Wright were yesterday examined before Commissioner Suil- well on a charge of mutinous assault, and conmit- ted to prison for trial. ; The investigation into the alleged election frauds in the Twentieth ward was continued yesterday be- fore Justice Stuart. We give the testimony elicited ‘4m the case. The Roman Catholic Bishop of Buffalo bas ad- dressed a letter to the congre zation of the Church of Bt. Louis, in that city, threatening to excommanicate them if they do not conform to the decision of the Papal Nuncio, and deliver their church property into his bands. Dr. 0. W. Holmes delivered tite fourth lecture o the course before the Mercantile Library Association at Hope Chapel, last evening. Sco t and Macanley formed the subject of his dissertation, of which we give a report. A report of the trial and conviction of Warren ‘Wood, for the murder of Hiram Williams, the pedlar, which took place at Catskill during Wednesday and Thursday, will be found in another column. The court design to pass sentence of death on the convict to day. The Young Men’s Dewocratic Union Club met at the Stuyvesant Institute last evening. Several per- sons were admitted to membership, bat nothing of general interest transpired. ‘The printers employed on the daily papers of Cio- tinrati are on a strike. Father Gavazzi delivered an interesting ‘lecture last evening, which may be found elsewhere. On our inside pages may be found Washington and Loudon Letters, the Revolution in China; the Pacific Railroad; Suicide in Kentucky; the Early Settlement of Oregon; Foreign Items; Court Reports; the Test { Congress; Reform in the Navy; Conna. Obituaries; an interesting chapter on 2 ties amd Politiclane; Theatrical, Musi. ea’, COtamercial an} Financial Intelligence, ¢-> EP SE EE I TEES I TE EE EEE SEE TE eee ‘Owing to. the character of the foreign news, and | cost, free intercouree with the interior of China. the prospect of the early closing of the State canals, | flour yes*erday advanced 124 to 18 eents per barrel. | Wheat ‘gas teferably active, without material change in priecs, ‘Corn closed some firmer, especially for the be/ter qualities. Mess pork exhibited a further , declivae, with light transactions. At New Orleans yesterday, on the receipt of the news broeght by the Canada, the cot‘on market be- | came more active, the sales reaching fourteen thou- | sand bates, at an advance of a quarter cf a cent. By an arrival at New Orleans advices from Havana | tothe 5th inst. Lave been received. The intelli- | gence is unimportant. From the Bahamaswe have files of Nessau (N. P:) journals dated to the 29th of October. The news is not important. The Vice-Consul of France was pisintiff in a libel suit ageinst the publisher ot the Reyal Gazette, a local newspaper. Crime was very rife and the calendar heavy. Flour rated at $10 per berrel. Sugar and molesses had alo rizen in price. More favorable accounts of the salt yield had been received from Inagua. Later news from New Mexico is received, but we “find nothing of'importance. Majer Garland had re- | turned to Santa Fe from the Mesilla Valley—no au- thority is to be exercised over the territory. Judge Watts had resigned his office, the salary being in- sufficient. The mammoth clipper ship Great Republic left Boston at foar o'clock yesterday afternoon, for this port, in tow of a steamtug. We give a description of this ship, together with accurate statements of her dimensions in to. days paper. The arriving emigrant ships still continue to re- This is the point he must make it his business to gain; be must consider his mission a failure if he allows it to escape him. Its importance cannot be exaggerated. One needs only to read any bovk of travels in China, describing the countless swarms of travellers who are constantly traversing the empire in every direction, in caravans several | Miles long, to perceive what might be done in the way ofrailroads, The rivers and canals, we are told, are black with sailing craft and boats: there is not a single steamer in the’ country! Trade is universal ; every one is in- dustrious ; and more, the craving for news among the people reminds one of what we reail ofthe ancient Athenians. What a network of telegraph wires might not be erected in such a country! In fact, there is hardly an article of machinery, and very few wares that we menu- facture. for which, if China were opened, an ex- haustless demand would not spring up. From four or five millions a year, our exports as well from New York as San Francisco, would, in an in- credibly short space of time, reach at least a hundred millions of dollars. Fa e seems clearly to have pointed out the present era as the commencement ef a new epoch for the Pacific. Gold is discovered in Australia, and the seeds of a republic that will hereafter vie with the United States, are sowa just at the time that men are beginning to re- port a fearful mortality among their passengers. The ship Constellation, which arrived yesterday, left Li- verpool on the 21st October with 916 passengers, of whom no less than one hundred diedon the way; and the ship Hibernia, also arrived yesterday, left the same port four days after, with 330 passengers, thirty-three of whom died ere the ship made land. The names of those who died on both vessels will be found in another column. A telegraphic despatch announces that the Bank of British North America, at St. John, N. B., was rob- bed on Thursday of £800. We publish elsewhere a communication stating thatthe money did not be- long to the bank, but to a mercantile firm, and hag since been recovered. The Chinese Revolution—Prospects of the Pacific. Shanghae has been taken, and at Amoy the imperial forces have been utterly routed by the rebels. So says the telegraph; and our previous intelligence had given us every reason to ex- pect something of the kind. We may now safely take it for granted that the insurgents have overrun. if not mastered, the whole of China south of the Yang-tse-Keang. We say overrun, because, hitherto, it has not been the policy of the rebels to take any measures for retaining possession of the places or provinces they have conquered. They have invested no forts. gar- risoned no cities ; sweeping eyer onward, like a resistless torrent, they have left no traces of their passage save marks of desolation and barbarous cruelty. Until a short while since, they bad confined their movements to the inland country. Partly, perhaps, from a fear of foreigners, and partly because the interior presented a richer field for plunder, the follow- ers of Tae-ping, during the first year of their military operations, carefully avoided approach- ing the sea coast. Canton was threatened some time ago, and extensive preparations far de- fence were made both by the inhabitants and the foreign residents. But whether no settled purpose existed on the part of the rebels, or they allowed themselves to be deterred by the firm attitude of the imperialists, no attack has yet been made. Amoy offered a more easy conquest. Though one of the five ports, it is by no means a flourishing city. Disease has been steadily thinning its population for some years; and the fatal effects of opiuam—that curse of a—have been more vividly felt there than in any other seaport town. Of late years Canton and Shanghae have en- Joyed almost a monopoly of the foreign trade; and a siege laid to Amoy involved less chance of a collision with foreigners than an attack upon either of the for- mer places. We are therefore inclined to credit the rumor mentioned above, so far as | Amoy is concerned. The news of the capture | of Shanghae requires confirmation. Both Eag- | land and the United States have large interests | at stake there, which could not but be injured by asiege or bombardment. The British and American vessels lying in the month of the Yeang-tse-Keang could hardly avoid taking part im any such conflict, to protect our country- men’s lives and property. Had any engage- ment actually taken place, therefore, at or near the lot of land set apart for foreigners at Shanghae, it is probable that we should have received more definite and authentic informa- tion of the fact. To whatever measure of faith the news is en- titled, it is now certain that three-fourths of China is at this moment a prey to anarchy. The constituted authorities have been over- thrown, and no substitute set up in their stead by the insurgents. Destroyers and iconoclasts, the latter have well nigh obliterated from the richest provinces of the empire all traces of the | Tartar sway; but they have, in no instance which has come to our knowledge, replaced it by any government, authority, or institution, which can have the slightest claim to a perma- nent character. This policy has characterized their movements from the beginning, and there no reason to believe that the sequel will develope any material change. On the day which shall see the final over- throw of the Manchus. some four hundred millions people—about one-half the whole human race—will be left without aruler, a government, acode of laws, or a single stand- ing monument of authority. The conquerors, like Alexander’s successors, will infallibly fall to disputing their conquests among themselves; and it is contrary to the whole tenor of our ex- perience of Eastern nations to expect that the struggle will bring to the surface a single indi- vidual with energy, skill, and genius enough to attain the rank and power lately possessed by the Emperors of China, On the contrary, every reason tends to show tbat the practical result of the pending revolution will be to plunge China into a state of anarchy almost unparal leled in the history of the world. The bare statement of these facts will at once suggest to every intelligent mind the vast changes which must shortly take place in our intercourse with Asia, and the opportunities that will be presented for advancing our com mercial and industrial interests in that quarter of the globe. The first care of all the conte ing parties among the natives, will be to seen the alliance of foreigners, and ecially that of Great Britain and the Uni 5 will depend upon our representative i Ty to grant or withhold the p lege, according as the conzideration offered counterbalances or falls short of the risk we should run. In” the vicissitudes of civil war, occasions must occur in which judicious manage;cat on the part of t, M'Lane could secure for us, ata yory smal} is of od cognize in our Pacifie shores capacities for wealth and developement by no means inferior to those of the Atlantic. A revolution in China gives the death-blow to the greatest of Asiatic despotisms, at the very period when Japan is about to be driven intocivilization. Blindness itself could not help discerning the incalcula- ble fruits these events of yesterday and to-day are destined to yroduce on the world. The wildest speculations on their extent would pro- bably fall short of the truth. The reflection suggests a practical moral of immediate application. Right in the highway between these four centres of traffie—California, Australia, China, and Japan—lie the Sandwich islands. As the carrying trade between them increases, the importance of this Sroup will as- sume new proportions. Its sovereign will be master of the Pacific. We trust that President Pierce will not lore sight of the fact; and, as the islanders are already knocking for admis- sion at the door of the Union, that he will not confine his reply to mere sounding words. Organization of Congress— What is to be the Test Question? It seems clear that the election of a Speaker will not be the test question at the opening of the next Congress, All the candidates belong to the same party and the contest between them cannot be a struggle of principles. Which- ever man can assemble the largest number of personal friends will probably be elected; but his success will not indicate, in any perceptible degree, the complexion of the House. The first question involving any public principle that will be submitted to Congress, will be the choice of a clerk. Under ordinary circumstances the choice of so subordinate an officer would have been a matter of very secondary moment: in practice, hitherto, it has seldom aroused much feeling or attracted general notice. But the candidateship of Mr. Forney happens to place in issue a principle of such importance that it is more than likely it will concentrate the at- tention of members at the opening. Nothing Jess than the highest principle of political mo- rality will be at stake, The members of Con- gress will be called upon to give or withhold their sanction from the election of one who is publicly known to have figured in pezbaps the most disgraceful character # man of honor can as- sume—of one who solicited his friend to suborn evidence for the purpose of ruining a woman’s character. Their decision will test at what estimation honor and political morality are held among them. With a view to enable every one to form an opinion knowingly on the matter, we give else- where two articles—one from the New Hamp- shirePatriot and the other from the Harrisburg Keystonc—which present both sides of the For- ney case with remarkable fairness. On the one side, it is argued, on behalf of Col. Forney, that the editor of this paper “ has waded through an abyss of degradation, hypocrisy, and infamy,” and that, therefore, Forney is a pure patriot ; that this sheet has been “arunning sore of slan- ders,” and hence Forney deserves the clerkehip. Col. Forney’s * numerous articles in various journals” are mentioned as the ground of bis claims to the post; but, strange to say. the writer has forgotten to include among the Colonel’s literary performances the famous “Forney letter.” This is the case on the side of Forney; and we must say that we think the Pa- triot has done him justice. His cause is not susceptible of a better defence. On behalf of the public morality and honor of this country, the Keystone supplies the omission of the Patriot, and publishes the famous letter ; relates how Forney lobbied in the divorce case; lobbied for all sorta of private bills: took under his special protection the Le- high County Bank, which tried to brive the chairman of the Legislative Committee, was de- tected, and exposed; and has lately lived as a sort of Gil Blas at Washington, acting as clerk to the kitchen cabinet, and writing what abuse of its opponents Caleb Cushing could not ma- nage. This is the case on the other side. Congress can now decide for itself More con- clusive evidence than the letter, of the truth of the facts charged against Forney, could not pos- sibly be found. Even tho Patriot does not at tempt to gainsay it. More conclusive evidence of the absolute lack of honor and moral prin- ciple which must exist in the breast of a man who could write sucha letter, would be sought equally in vain. There would be affectation in attempting to conceal the fact that, in the eyes of respectable people, Col. Forney, however amiable and well sulted to be the Clerk of the House, has entirely lost whatever character and reputation he may have possessed before the Forrest trial. The question, therefore, is. are character and reputation matters of such con- sequence in the opinion of Congress, that the want of them incapacitates a man from filling a high station of honor and trust? The vote on the clerkship will test the point. Tus Post Orrick ApverTiIsinG.—We trust that the Postmaster-General at Washington, and the Postmaster of New York here, will not forget to reflect on the proposition which we have placed before them, to earry out the law of Congress, and publish the list of letters in that journal in this city which has the largest clreulation. Gzorce Law’s Muskets.—Now is the time for our compatriot, George Law, to send his iauskets up the Mediterranean or to Europe They must be much wanted in that direction. 4...» yyy Tue New Crry G overnuent—Wuat Have we To Exrect?—Never was the city so badly go- verned as it is wow. It is in worse order under the system lately introduced, called reform, than it ased to be under the old régime. Take the streets as an example. They are constantly in a state of the most horrible filth. If the wea- ther is at all wet, no lady can cross any leading thoroughfare without being ankle deep in the mire, and having her dress destroyed. The less frequented streets are filled with garbage of ‘the most offensive description, and no attention appears to be paid to the cleansing of the high- ways in apy part of the city. New York is pro- verbially the dirtiest city in the world, when it ought to be the cleanest. Nature has afforded such facilities for its purification, that if at all assisted ‘by art, they would keep ‘it perfectly clean al! the year round. The natural fall from Broadway, the backbone of the city, to either river, offers an easy drainage. In other cities the authorities have to overcome difficulties in this respect. and to remove by art the natural defects of situation; yet the streets are always clean. In London and Paris every street is cleansed between twelve o'clock at night and the dawn of day, and no one ever sees the ope- ration. In this city the streets. for the greater part, are swept probably twice ow thrice in ‘the year. Every other department in the ci@y govern- ment is equally neglected. For ingg—nce, the lighting of the lamps. Tse irregularity with which this duty is per®rmed is known, unfortu- ately. to all whe, detained by busineas or re- creation, return home late at night. Nocturnal assassinations may be perpetrated almost any- where in the city with impunity for want of light For one-half the night the principal streets are in darkness; others are either not lighted at all. or the darkness is made just visible; and during the time the moon is stated in the alma- nac to shine, there is no light in any part of the city, no matter whether clouds and tempest hide the face of the luminary of the night or not. The philosophers who have the regulation of this matter say the moon ought to shine, and if she does not, it is not their fault. The pave- ments. too, are kept in a most shocking state of repair—yet there is such constant repairing going on, that the streets are obstructed all the time by contractors, ever mending and patch- ing. but never making a decent, permanent job, with the exception of the Russ pavement. The grand object seems to be to get hold of the pub- lie money, and to steal it. Every other con- sideration is made seeondary and subordinate to that. The cause of all this mierule and disorder is the multiform character of the city govern- ment. It is a many-headed monster, and the responsibility is so divided between the heads, that nobody knows exactly where to fix it, There is a Department of Repairs and Supplies, comprising a bureau of roads, a bureau of pub- lic buildings, a bureau of street paving, a bu- reau of supplies for the fire department ; a De- partment of Streets and Lamps, embracing a bureau of lamps and gar, a bureau of cleaning streets, a bureau of markets, and a bureau of inspection; then there is a Street Department, (which is quite different, it seems, from the De- partment of Streets.) subdivided into a bureau of assessments, a bureau of the collection of asesssments, a bureau of wharves, a bureau of ‘lands and places, and a bureau of surveying, We have also the Department of Finance, with its burean of taxes, bureau of the city revenue. bureau of deposit and disbursement, and bureau ofthe City Hall and Park—a Police Department, with its bureau—an Almshouse Department, a Croton Water Department. a City Inspeetor’s Department, a Board of Health, a Board of Su- pervisors, Tax Commissioners, and a Comptrol- ler; and all this complicated machinery, as might be expected, jarring and conflicting, because the parts do not depend on each other and on one mainspring, like the works of a watch. Between the whole of these departments and bureaus, and boards and commissioners, and other officials, the city government is kept in a state of confusion, verifying the old adage, that too many cooks spoil the soup. The movements and operations of these executive officers are all independent of each other and of the legis- lative power, and the Mayor is but a head policeman. He is no check even upon the le- gislative power; for, after his veto, a majority of two-thirds can carry any measure, no matter how corrupt. There is no concentration, no unity, in the system. The heads of departments are under no control, either of the Mayor or the Common Council. With salaries of two or three thousand dollars, they are making fortunes at the rate of twenty or thirty thousand dollars a year, and may be seen riding about in their carriages, and enjoying the fat ot the land. These men cortrol our city elections, and are continually immersed in party politics, instead of attending to their duties. The city government, we repeat, is in a worse condition than ever it was; and to expect that it ever will be better under the present system, is abaurd. It will be growing worse and worse every day, till there is a complete change, and it is modelled on the pln of our federal government—a house of representatives and a senate te pass bills, a chief magistrate to approve bh Mies and to carry into execution if these bills become laws—the chief executive officer to make nominations of all the officers of the government, to be confirmed or rejected by the senate, and to be liable to dismissal from office by the appointing power. Thus would the responsibility be narrowed, and its pressure be felt by one individual. The result would be that the people would know where to look for good government, and whom to censure for what is bad; whereas, according to the present system, everything is going wrong, and nobody is to blame, because no one can tell precisely to whom the misgovernment can be traced, The whole system is faulty and unworthy ef our republican institutions, but more particularly unworthy of the enlightened Empire city. Onecox—Its Crimate, Propucrions, &e — We publish in another part of this day’s Heraxy, an interesting letter from Rev. Mr. Accolti, explaining in detail some of the brief statements which we made in a recent article, on the climate, productions, present condition, and the early settlement of Oregon. It con- tains much valuable information in relation to the early settlement of Oregon, its climate and productions, and will be read with plea- sure by those who design emigrating to that territory. Wantep—A few more candidates for the next Presidency. We have only a half a dozen as yet, and we want to make up a dozen before New-Year’s day. Applicants, with certificates of character and popularity, wiil be received irom sunrise to cunset, at this office. Tae Heavy oy ue Pxresient.—Letters from Washington, in some of the journals, state that the President has been remarkably indis- posed for some time past; but they do not state clearly the cause of his indisposition. The White House is a very unhealthy residence. The wahealthiness of the locality has increased very much during the last twenty or twenty-five years. Previous to 1820, before improvements took place in the city of Washington, it was as healthy as any low region of country generally is in the same parallel of latitude, on the banks of aslow-moving river. During the last twenty years, however, vast improvements and transi- tions in the surface of the earth have been made in Washington, particularly along the creeks and the whole length of Pennsylvania avenue, which have increased the malaria in every di- rection, and especially around the White House, toavery great extent. To this cause may be attributed, in some measure, the calamities which have assailed the inhabitant ut the White House during the last twenty years. Gene- ral Jackson bad a strong constitution, but it was very much enfeebled by a change from the healthy region of Tennessee to the malarious situation of the White House. Mr. Van Buren was also weak- ened by the same change, though he was a moderate and temperate liver, and had been accustomed to the climate of Washington for years before he became President. General Harrison, accustomed to the healthy region of the North Bend on the high banks of the Ohio river, could not withstand the malaria of the WhiteHouse, increased by recent improvements, aggravated as that evil was by the tormenting of office seekers and all the annoyances of po- litical life coming upon him with an enfeebled constitution and old age. He sunk under it, Mr. Polk, with a tolerably good constitution, contracted a fatal disease by his residence in the White House and the troubles of office; and this disease soon terminated his existence after leaving Wasbington. The destiny of poor Genl Taylor is known. A healthy old man in the camp on the frontier or at the West, he came to Washington and sunk under the accumulated evils of malaria at the White House, the annoy- ance of office seekers, and the pest of a trouble- some Cabinet. Gen. Pierce has not the strongest consti- tution, and we would seriously advise him to profit in time by the lesson held out to him of the fate of his piedecessors—to keep cool, to get rid of all annoyances, and to bind himself to no set of men who will keep up a state of excitement around him. But, above all things. we should recommend Congress to appropriate at least half a million of dollars for the erection of a summer residence, in a_healthier locality, within eight or ten miles of Washington. Such a building should be set on foot at once on the meeting of Congress. The present executive mansion is, in the summer season, one of the most unhealthy places within a hundred miles of the capital. The malaria from the swamps around it, and the trouble created by the office- seekers and Cabinet aspirants for the succession, are sufficient to break down any constitution, however strong, and to finish the career of the unfortunate possessors of the highest executive office. is * Crams on Concress—We understand that the claims on Congress and the Executive will amount to many millions during the approach- ing session. These claims and their agents have been increasing during the last few years, par- ticularly since the Galphin business succeeded so well in the latitude of the capital. Among other claims, we understand that Messrs. Benson put forth a claim of million of dollars for the losses sustained by them in the guano business at the Lobos islands, in consequence of the change in the diplomatic opinion which Mr. Webster made during the discussion on this sub- ject a couple of yearsago. We also understand that Dudley Mann, now Assistant Secretary of State, puts forward a claim on the Executive government, and ultimately on Congress, for a hundred thousand dollars, because a few years ago he applied at the Russian Embassy, in Paris, and was refused a passport to visit St. ' Petersburg and Moscow. Other claims of all sorts will be presented to the Executive and Congress, during the approaching session—pro- bably amounting in the aggregate to many millions of dollars. The increasing amount of surplus revenue increases the number of these claimants beyond all former precedent. Wituam H. Sewarp Gerrine ALARMED.— The recent moral triumph of the national demo- crats in this State, over the Van Bursn free- soilers, dnd the organization of that party ona new and important basis, begin to alarm the friends of William H. Seward ; and, accordingly, some of his organs are coming forward in vio- lent hostility to the Huratp, which they judge to be one of the main supports of the new movement. This alarm is very natural, The Union or national democrats have vin- dicated their cause and entirely demolish- ed the Van Buren dynasty in the recent election. At the next election in this State they intend to perform the same service to the Seward dynasty throughout New York. We trust that the friends of the Union throughout this State, and the foes of abolitionism of all States, will keep this idea in their minds—that the great effort of the elections in 1854 will be to accomplish the downfall of Sewardism in this great State, and to consign Seward to the same destiny to which we have commissioned all the Van Bure New Anorition Misstonary rrom ENouanp.—- We see it stated that the Evangelical Alliance n England—an abolition concern—is preparing to send out a special agent to this country, for the purpose of spreading abolition sentiments, and aiding and assisting in the anti-slavory agitation. This mission, it seems, is undertaken in secret concurrence with the same high per- sonages who gave such a flattering reception to Mrs. Stowe, at Sutherland house; and of course, it receives also the concurrence of the principal members of the British government and the British aristocracy. We trust that the American people will keep this fact in their minds on the arrival of the new agitator on our shore, and treat him accordingly. Marine Affairs The Colline steamship Pacific, Captain N, dock, foot of Canal at Liverpoe!. passengers fe, leaves her to-day, for She will take with ber about a hundred Meeting of the Young Men’s Democratic Clabe ombled lact night at {he Stayvesant I In the absence cf the President, Jam: Eaq., ©. Godfrey Gunther,the fint Vice Pres a chair. Nothing was done of general interest, About 200 mow bers were elected, and aa many new members pro This bedy a. tt tute. ha peed. Much enthnainem wae manifested nmong the young democracy, from the crest display at the maas meviing ot Mewcpcling Hell on Woupesday last, ES AS AL The Italian Opera. A very full house ass»mbled last evening to witness tM first performance of ‘1 Profeta,” or “Ie Prophite,” ef it ia somewhat tnoorreetly called. The rumors that had gone forth of the unusual care with which it was being prepared, not jess than » natural desire to seo the last great work of one of the greatest living composers, pegs formed for the firrt time in America, had created quite am excitement among opera-goers, and the sale of reserved seats had been large, The total receipts cannot have fallen short of $1,750, if they did not exceed that suns} For the second time since Maretzek’s season began, we ‘bave the pleasure of announcing an unequivocal success! We are indulging in no figure of speech when we say that many to whom “Le Prophéte’—with Mario and Grishe has been long familiar, were astonished at the perfest manner in which it was presented last evening, and the ability displayed by nearly all the perfermers. Salvia Maraniello atoned for many sins—his Jean of Loyden ig the best character in which we have seen him. His acte ing is faultless. Dignity sits naturally upon him; andthe conflicting emotions of the son and the monarch could hardly be more feichfully rendered. We had expected,’ we confeut, to see him, accoffing to custom, leave the composer fer behind, and revel in mazes of music ob his own; we had felt » misgiving that he would failin some of those passages in which greater tenorm have established @ reputation onthe strength of dif ficulties overcome. But in both anticipstions we have been disappointed. Salvi graciously permitte’ Meyers heer to have his own way; and during the whole piece his voice never failed. It is improbable that he ever sang anything with more purity and feeling than the pasterale, ‘Un impero piti suave;” we have nothing from him more noble, more perfect, than the sceno iu whic he claims to have received tue gift of prophecy, (set third, last rcene.} Nor was-his conception of cue great seene in thy fourth act, whers, by stratagem, he ime duces his mother to deny her son, though slightly differs ent from the rendering of the situation by other pet« formers, lers artistic or brilliant. Madame Steffanone (Fides) did not seem to be in good voice during the first and second acts. The duct with Bertha, ‘Della moa un giorno,” was good, and deserved the applaure it received; but still, every now and them. those harsh notes in Mde. Stefiauone’s voice grated upom the ear. Her triumph did not begin till the famous “Pieta, pieta,’’ in the fourth act. This she rendared with wonderful power; and when, afierwards, eho recog: nises her son in the prophet-king, her acting was worthy of what we have seen from her in Norma, We doubt if eves: that great part’of her’s contains so effective a scene as the one im which she disclaims her son. It is, in fact, one of ‘the most dramatic and effective situations ou .» lyrie stage; and we shall have said enough when we dd that she did it justice, The ‘Vana illusion” was delicious, Mad. Bertucea, (Bertha,) of whom we see far too little,’ performed her share of this and the former (uct very creditably. Her voice seemed more musical than usuals Nor was Beneventano (Count d’Oberthal) below his usual ttandard, Marini, Rosi, and Vietti played the three Anabaptists, and sang the beautiful music in the minor, which forms the principal charm of the first acts, ing .maner worthy of it, To hear it alone were worth going to Niblo’s.” To Max Maretzek is due more praise than we can bestow: for the enterprise and conscientious care with whiol, the “Prophite” has been got up. The scenery—espee cially the coronation scene in the fourth a:t—is far superior to anything we have been used to sec at the Opera. The chorues are larger and better usual. The chorus of chiléren in the coronation sceng was much applauded. Altogether, we think that if the “‘Prophate” has not ® profitable ran, it will row that the people of New York will not support Italian opera, Theatrical Criticism, We are in the habit of sending members of ou: vorpa to criticise the performances of artists at the principal theatres, and at the Broadway among the rest. We hav@ 8 difficult task to perform. e neither want to puff, nor yet do injustice. Sometimen, however, the critiqued may be on one side of the line and sometimes on the other—but never intentionally on our part. Sometimes the public are pleased and the artist displeased with the same criticism, and sometimes it is the reverse. As for Pleasing all, that is such an impossibility that we could never succeed in accomplishing it, no matter how muck we tried. We do not try to do that; but we try to be just, and, if possible, a little generous too. A few days ago we sent a reporter to notice the performance at the Broad. way theatre of Miss Julia Dean, whohad always been noticed fevorably in our columns. Following, we sup- pose, his own judgment, he wrote the annexed criticism, whish is pretty severe—perhaps more so than is just:< BROADWAY THEATRE—MISS JULIA DEAN. Miss Julia Dean, an actress of some note at the South and vp commenced an engagement at the Brosd theatre Monday evening, when the Rey. Henry Hact Mil- man’s tragedy, ‘‘Vazio,or the Italian Wife,” was represented, Truss Dean, as Bianca; Mr. Conway, as Fazio. Miss Dean ‘® young woman who is ed of @ good facu, » bad fignie, and cousiderable talent for the stage. That’ talent is yet crude, and she displays the faults of a novic-, slong with the errors engendered bya bac school. The incidents of this very effect lay are too well known to nesd ex- lanation. The love of Bianca for Fazio—his de-ertion of er for Adalbella—Biancs’s denunciation of hig, and her subsequent repentance, have often drawn tears {ca the women, and moved tne sympathies of the sterner sex. The character of Bianca bas been played very.often. ‘Tar chief a of it in this couniry have been M.:4 Char- lotte Cushman, Miss Faony Jarman, Mrs, Facies, and Miss Fanny Kemble. Miss Dean's teachers have given her the stage butiuers of Charlotte Cushman and Mra, Farren, but she lacks the inteusity and power of the former—the grace and cs of the latter. She did nothing with the first act, the second the Fazio was over-wrought, and the actress “modesty of nature” in her anxiety to produce «iluctae lost sight of the audience. andin her d'vlogue husband she stood at right angles to him, so that the audience might have their attention rected fiom her to him. Her pronunciation was bad. She said “berow’? for * brow,” and ‘-derread”’ for “dread.” Hex eloquent specch, ‘Fazio, thou wrong’st me,” was mig- eonceived. She gave it angrily. not with the calm com- fiderce of a viituous wife, conscious of ‘her own honor, Her announcement of the suspicion, Thou hu:t sem. Aldabe Da,” seemed like # conclusion arrived at acme time before, ard nov engendered by the dial e woich bad just taken place, The speech expressive of her desire te see Fazio dead rather than in Aldabella’s arms, was bete ter, though its effact was impaired by @ bad’ habit of mouthing and drawlicg the worda, e acl was more natural, though the actress lacked the power to exs press the violent emotions through which Bianca 15 m4 posed to pass. The author was hers her superior, ao s1 seemed to be endeavoring to act up to his creation. The seene with Fazio {nm prison was quiet ani expres. sive; but the same faults in declamation aad pronnm. ciation were painfully apparent. Miss Dean’s pouitions aud gestures are awkward, and in her scene «ith the Duke she seered at a loss to hnow what do wich her arms, In reading the line, “God gave ye judcx ent but ye falsely judge,’ she used four gertures, and neithur of tuem expressed anythiug. She read the line, which io nimple enough, as if it were punctuated thus : gave ye, judgment; but ye, falvely, judge!” She spoke it to the Duke alone, instead of addreaaing to the whole court, because she kuew that if she was qatursl abe would be ineffective, if she turned toward the court the audience could nxt see her {n00, which ix a vory pieasing one, In the fourtn act, the seene with Alda» bella was well doze, but Miss Dean never lost her identity--rever 'fergot her audience ; addressing Aldabella sho dia not look at her. 17 set was still better, and the death scene of Biaues was natural, The actress liad lost her power to racr, and came down to earth again, per force. Miss Dean uss talent, but she has yet to learn how,to use it, rt and close attention she may secure a"leading po but she must charten her style, or all her power, sll her thos, all her sentinent, will pass for naught among the judicious. She produces # finw effect at ore monea snd directly afterwards destroys the pleasing so :reair it by some extravagance which no aninen woul! pardom ins woman less fortunate than Miss Dean in personal attractions. Mr. Conway’s Fazio and Mra, Abbott’s Aldabella were excellent performances. Mr. Lanergan gave the lines of the Duke sensibly and effectively "The ba was about two thirds filled, The result of this eriticista is the following lette: (roma Mise Dean’s father :-— No, 46 East Twrxty-nintit Severn, 1 November 23, 1863. 5 while fth Jas, Gornox Prvxetr, Esq.— My Dear Sir—I bave been for a long time under olign- tions to you. If] have not before made the gravefal ac knowledgments which m: rompted, it any be atiributed to a fear rasive, ‘An nity is now afforded me, which I gladly avail mys A few years rince, my daughter, Julin Dex searoely ® woman in years, and a novice in her lon, played a few pights Gt the Broadway the series of asticles appearad in the Hnnarn, wr excellent taste and jnogment, calling public atte what experfence ha proved t> be her chief elaia to ex- cellence, and kindly pointing onp her fanits, Toe wi te circulation of your paper gave Mies Dean immediate noto riety, while froma the justness of the critieisma—so sagae cious, yet #0 kind—every ese was open to her mority while ali were lenient to Ler faults, Thas ehesed and encouraged, +ho pursued her avoation with. slacrity, diligently nttivirg to merit the extraor. divary ‘kindness of her fi aul to realire theit expectations, & efforts, acd # had the gratificn eouniary dil of her father, ar ome the Fol of his large’ fe rie tended her younger brothers and sisters, we trace to yourslmp!s recognition of her taler jonsly publivbiog tt to the world Nor to your frat act of kindn tinoe chronicled Misa Db kind ani jadicions 2 s (shmont on poru from the Henaro of his Li thore striotures ar ; ben apyeared in the Heeanh fiat be wron Dan's puecess throu, fon isa lib eof the Ar As to the i cmmmct believe that yom would Lave sanciioped itp