The New York Herald Newspaper, November 26, 1853, Page 2

AFFAIRS ABROAD. Our London Correspondence. Loxpon, Nov. 19, 1853. The Serfs of Russa and Negroes of America— Comparison of their Respectiwe Conditions—Ori- | ginal Relations between the Russian Seigneur and | the Peasant— Steps of the Degradation of the Peo- ple—Hopes of their Resurrection—The English Churchmen and Pusey tes—Napoleon’s Corona. tion—M. Thiers upon the Eastern Question— Feeling toward Lieutenant Bellot—Prince Al- | bert's Monument—Ingraham's Tvstimonial—An Artist Loss—A Large Diamond and an Irish | Friend—Interesting Theatrical Miscellany, &c. | The cause of the Czar is so exceedingly popular in this liberal country of ours that we think we cannot better serve the imperial interests than by showing our transatlantic friends, who have been so unspar- ingly shown up by the authoress of the everlasting “ Uncle Tom,” what superlative bliss the masses of the Russian population enjoy under the descendants and successors of Ivan the Terrible, Peter the Great, and Catherine. Tt is rather a startling fact to reflect on, that while the English sanctity mongers have set themselves, tooth and nail, to the business of abusing the States for their enormities, (rea! or imaginary,) committed against negro slaves, there is quite at our doors, only across the Baltic, an entire white population—the legal chattels and property of a batch of seignears— & population of at least twenty millions, who can be bought and sold jast as publicly and with as little ceremony as those having Afrizan blood in the slave- holding States of the North American Union, The question of Russian ser ‘dom is of momentous interest, because it, in fact, vitally affecte the whole Russian queetion; and therefore we shall give a brief sketch of ite origin and history. In Russia there was no serfdom originally, as in those countries where the fecdal system prevailed; for, on the contrary, the original organization of the agricultural and communi: tic population was easen- tially democratic, witnout any distinction whatever between the peasant and the citizen; neither were there any chateaux, only a few towns, and those few only large villages. Tie soil, again, had not, at that time, fallen to the possession of individuals, but was allotted among the rural communes, each member of whieh bad the righ’ of cultivating some portien thereof, and drawing from it the fruits of his own labor; and lastly, land, water asd woods were alike unrestricted by any fevdal right, the privilege of fishing, hunting and navigating the rivers being equally open to all. This being the case, even where land got into the poases-ion of individual farming proprietors, they had absolutely no features in com- mon with the seigneurs of the Gothic or Germanic nations; in fact, they were but peasants, like the rest, however rich they might have become by the pursuits of agriculture or serving the crown. Russia, indeed, could have no real aristocracy, because there was no conquering race; but, nevertheless, a purely artificial aristocracy was formed out of the A@ppavaged princes, who were mediatized ia the six | duced the celebrated “ Trac’s for the Ti the doctrine, discipline and forms of both the Church and the University; nor do we doubt—for we were there to judge—that the high-church cause derived | immense advantage from the disgust engendered ia | the minds of well-bred students at the violence aad schiematic tendency of Bulteel’s preaching, but for which Newman, Froude, apd Pusey would have found comparatively few followers among seriously-disposed and reflecting men in Ox‘ord. A similar movement took place shortly afterwards in Cambridge, o viag to the ipjudicious corduct of Mr. Simeon aud his followers, Scholefield and Carns; and thus in the end an antagonistic party was formed in both uai- versities, which, when thoroughly roam pro- mes,” one of which—the notorious tract ninety—may be regarded as the catechism of their sect, as they are to all ia- tents and purposee— greatly to the injury and scan- dal of the church, into which they have entered sans ceremonte ail sort: of unusual practices very distaste- ful to sober-minded Christians, under the flinse: cuse of restoring Laudian churchmanship. These, too, we regret to say, bave become, from the very circumstance of their love of outward show, fine mu- sic, &c., a most intiuential and fashionable party, | especiaily among the ladies, who—dear souls—have immense faith in the opus cperatum and the punctual attendance on the daily prayers, where there are such ducks of clergymen, and so many handsome whis- | kered singing-men, whose voices waft their imagina- tiousjheavenward. A'as! few see the latent evils un- Ger all this show and gew-gaw; few are avle rightly to appreciate the utter worthlessness of a system | which, virtually eetting aside the distinctive aud | saving doctrines of our religion, substitutes mere empty form and bedy-tervice tor the true worship of | Him who desires only the service of those who can worsbip Him in spiritand intrath. So much for the | tractarian, or, vulgarily speaking, the Puseyite party, now, in one abape or the other, spreading them- selves very extensively in every part of England. Aud now we mast gay somewhat of the origin, doc trines ard influence of a more modern party, who own | as tLeirchampions ard leaders Prof. Maurice,of King’s Coliege, Rev. Chas. Kingsley, and the younger New- | man,the very antithesis ofhis Puseyite brother,who has | bow gone cver to Rome. These rationalistis divines | are undoubtedly of German origin and derive their sentiments— eo strongly re-actionary on_ those of the Tractarian party—from Semler, the Rosenmullers, Schleinmacher, acd others, who, deeply dyed with the philosopby of Kant, and Fichte, and Schelling, held human reason to be the supreme judge to which revelation should be made amenable—and hence, no wonder that they cut aud pared down the theology of the Bible to the pigmy-standard of man —no wonder that a few chapters or verses of this foe pel or that epistle were deemed inadwistible to ir creed, because their reason could not compre- hend the possibility of the statements, and therefore would not admit their truth. To these notions, moreover, our English would-be reformers have added a theory of Christian socialism not a little dangerous in its tendency, while at the same time all their views of doctrine are to the fullest extent latitudinarian. Well—Professor Maurice, in the | performance of his duties a3 a theological teasher— and a cleverer, more subtle-minded reasoner is sel- dom to be met with—announced to his pupils the startling position—amovg others equally new and strange —that the Unitarians, however erroneous on pecnoniay points, may still be rezarded as essentially Jopging to the Church of England. Now, that a clergyman holding the divinity chair in a church- college could enunciate and publish such a senti- ment is fact amply sufficient to condemn him as an unsafe teacher to the young entrusted to the college for their education on church priaciples—and, how- ever much the good Bishop ot Litchfield and our clever Chancellor of the Exchequer may protest | against the measure, we are of opinion that the | Council of King’s College was perfectly right in removirg him from so important a poat—the duties of which he had so far mistuken as to teach—we will teenth century, and various foreign adventurers from various parts of Europe, who superseded the rank | and hereditary titles of the Boyards. Then was it | that Russian serfdom took its rise, under Ivan the Terrible, early in the seventeenth century; and it may be said to have received its full developement | + in the reign of Catherine {1.; yet it must ever ex- | cite the surprise of the historical studeut tha: one- | half ofa population ot the same race with the rest, endowed, too, with high physical and intellectual faculties, chould, in a little more than a centary, be reduced to slavery, not by war, nor conquest, nor by revolution, but by a series of special uka:es, im- morsl concessions, and abominable pretensions. Yes, to this very day the Rassian peasaut shows the encmslous character of his recent enthralment in the nobility, but m=lancholy aspect, of nis fea- tures, and the utter dejectton aud hopelessness of his manner. And by what steps did the poor Russian thus become a serf? First, the right of passing from one com nune to another was limited to a single day in the year; thea the privilege of that single day was abolished, this rendering the peasants in the strictest sense adscripti gba; and lastly came 1 the Great, who effec- tually rivetted their chuins by sending State officers to scour the villages, to make a census of the rural population, and publish an edict in a dialect ua- known to tl Veagpaats ()) giving notice “ that the dwellers on the seigneuria] domains would be ad- scribed to the land arid to the seignenr uniess they, protestea within a certain time.’ [he poor people, alas, thought all these things strange, but were glad to vee the strangers go without baving done much apparent harm; for they bed ao notion of what was being. done and said vy these harmless visitsrs. Nay, what ie more, strange as it may appear, not en'y the people had xo notion of what was going om, but even the government itself knew nothing of their real nature or tendency, and to this day | is utterly blind to what it has done and now main- | teins. [t had been well, however, ifthe misehief had | ended here, and the peasantry hid all along been | “‘adscribed to the land and the lord.’ In course of time, however, even to the reign of Peter I, the sale of serfs without that of the land had become customary; and from that time to the present long custom has | pointed exponent, lovuks upon as error of the gravest | | are prs restorations, furbishings up ef the vebicles e all but maie it legal—at any rate the | custom is open and universal—to purchase, without any land whatever, entire families of servants, of | cooks, of painters, of washerwomen, and even of | musicians. The existence of such a class of serfs, it | is true, is extra-l ; and for that very reason trese poor people sre \doned wholly to the arbitrary will of the nobles. No wonder then that caprice and sordid interest dictates their masters’ every act—that his oruvelty is restrained ouly by fear of the peasants knife or axe; and that he either wholly break hia | contract with the peasant, or else merely allows him, asa Cpe arpa to purchase h‘s redemption at the | highest et price. Hence, except by revolt—by | the scythe and the axe—is the only hope of freedon for the oppressed Russian peasantry. Such is the | ot body of the population aver which the Emperor icholas—so far as the nobles allow—exercises desposic sway; and of such materia’s is the main of the army composed which he is leading against the Tark— “Who thrice is arm’d becanse his quarrel’s just.” But how long will this state of thingscontinue? How long will twenty millions of intelligent white Christians consent to remain the slaves of a handful | of nobles? In the fervid words of the talented | Alexendre Herzen, who bas recorded his personal knowledge of the eystem, and from whom we have taken the substance of the above :— What isthe people about’ Does not a people which submits to such tyranny dererve it? Yen it deserves It, a8 Ixeland deserved the ‘amine, and as Ituly deserves the yoke of Austria, I am so accustomed to hear that ferocious cry of ver rictis that it no longer excites my sur- prise. Up, and to arms against all that suffer, nities, unredrensed ! It is not oaough that the landless laborer | ( (aire) ts poor and starving: let us crown his bitter | fe wiih 2 derision more bitter still. The Raxsian penannt ina serf : let us revroach him with it; let us sa tat ke bas deserved his chaia, and then turn aay our eyes from his hideous rutferiags. Still, before joning him for ever, let us thank those forgotten slives for the | wisdom which we have gained at the cost of cruel hunger to rome—the flerce seat of many—the brutal degrada ten of all; let as who are the double blussum of this glorious civilization, be gratefal, whose smiling gardens are watered with the blood and tears of the poor What with the Tractarian or extra-high church » and the Evangelical and the Rationalistic or no-church | i perty, ovr beloved Chorch of england stands a fai- chance of being split and subdivided inte parties, ut terly subversive of that unity which constitutes its chief superiority over the rsiigion of sectariea. Our church, a6 all tue world knows, awoke about thirty yeas from a sta‘e ot Jethargy, which had lasted for neatly a hundred and fifty years, and a new sprung up in consequence, which endeavored, by iti- en Kindle life and action in an esta- | blishment which, under the withering infinence of secularity and love of the world’s treasures, had be- | come dead and formal. This, the ngelical par- ,0f which Wilberforee, Thomas Scott, Newton, ‘ena, Cecil, and Simeon—all mighty men—may be deemed the earliest chamyions, has besome impor. | tant, influential—nay, even fashionable—and many a | grand dame, who, bac she lived forty years before, | would bave scorned the iniliction of a’ faithful dis- | course from Newton or Cecil, now considers it quite a necessary article in the routine of her week's em- ployments to pay stated visits, or, asthe vhrase goes, set under the ministry of Mr. Villiers, or Mr. Bea- | mish, Mr. Rolan or Mr. Bickersicth, or else that , prince of anti-papal ayitators acd prophecy mon- gers, Dr. Cumming, of the Scottish Church. We in- tend no reflection on the characters of these gentle- men, which we know to be above all suspicion, and we think that on the whole immense good has been eansed by this great religions movement, not only | Séannlating men to vital Christianity at home, but | pwakevirg to the duty of conveying the (os. | Beesings to the heathen; but, on the other hand taanet be denied that the Cecile, aud Simeone, and , 82d Noela, et hoc genus omne, had very \enaw-nntiogs of church discipline,and bat avery cold wrt of ‘ome for that admirable litargy, which, next | oe er Bible, f4 the noblest compilation in the Fng- (i ergeget. Onn we wonder, then, ata reaction, foree brought to act against such doubt- of the proud and potent Mother Church’ shanty ead Swen-y yearsago, one Mr. Bultesh, | oe ierne tee Cabraniatic fanatic, completely ast | « ot ny ?, at ty not say error in the abstract, but at any rate, what the Established Church, of which he was the ap- | and most repretensible character. Let the bishops take the matter up—f.r if they do not, we cannot say where the evil will terminate. In spite of the three conspiracies of the Hippo- érome, the Opera Comig@e, and the Bois de Boulogne, Louis Napoleon Bonaparte will not be prevented from advancieg celibe-ately tothe goal of his destiny as the crowned Emperor. ‘This, indeed, is the have-all and end-all of his hopes; and we believe it may te alleged with something like certainty, that his coronation is to come off on the second of Decem- ber next. All the nee: meanwhile, have been going on steadily avd quietly, and everything is now ready, even to the carriages—which, after all, used at 1 | at Chares X.’sin 1527. The carriage intended for | Jerome is that which was used at the baptism of the | Duke de Bourdeaux, now yclept the Comte de Cham- | bord; besides which there have been three other car- | ; iages prepared for other branches of the imperial | faintly. The eminent politician ard historian, M. Thiers, is reportcd to have said, with reference to M.de La- cour's recall from Constantinople:— The Kastern question seems to be an uapropitious one to ministers and ambasss¢ors. [fell because ] wanted to be ‘oo firm. M. Lavi was rep'aced in 853, because navced toomuch M de Lacour is so now, because | ax ot been firm enough; and yet M de 1. ge dey ond bis uctions, and M. ds Lac exa tly the conrre prescribed to him. I hope iequay «’Hilliers will be more fortunate ‘han c ia8. and that, above all, he will net be recalled tor too m ch energy The newly appointed ambassador to Constantiao ple, General d'Hilliers, by the way, is an officer who has served in Algeria. fore the revolution of °43 he was comparatively unknown; but when the rea tion set in, he signalized bimself by his passionate hostility to everything republican, and was a leading organizer of the famous club of the Rue de Poitiers, established to disseminate conservative tracts. On the destruction by the French of the Roman republic, this General was sent to escort the Pope to Rome, | and there remained commander-in-chie’. He attach- ed himself reserve tly to the cause of Louis Napoleon, and after the coup d'état was rewarded with the Vice Presidency of the Senate. He will prezisel obey the mi'itary orders of his imperial master, an follow bis instructions exactly au pied de la lettre, — apy care for, or reference to, a pacific-sola- ion. In the Gles of French papers per present mail, you | will read a full report ot a meeting convened to do honor to the memory of a ga!lant Frenchman, Lieut. Bellot, who, as you are already aware, perished in the late exploring expedition in search of Franklin and bis ijl-fated messmates, in the Arctic seas. The result of this meeting was a resolution to erect a monument to that illustrious personage; for such a man as Lieut. Bellot may indeed be qualified as em- nently illustrious. He was in himself one of those beings of whom any nation, age—the world—may be proud. Many of his compatrivtes and English friends | may recollect taking leave of him off Greenwic! when he embarked on board the Phoenix. Thi parting spot will henceforth be marked as a friendly acon to our Gallic friends when steaming up the Thames, and will doubtiess tend to elevate the kind- iy feeling which should continue to unite, not only the railors of both countries, but the people at lurge. There, in the fullness of youth, was he last seen by his friends—he, within whose veins glowed the warm blood of courageous philanthropy. There can be no “adieu? to such a mani for he will ever be present to our memories T can but write in the strain of all our journals, who find it impossible to speak in wo high terms ef the | virtres of the deceased seaman, or to thiuk of his eager desire to take part in the attempt to reacue | the lost ones of whom be was in search, of his re- garoleastess of the legitimate vanities of rank, and of bis dig alae to encounter danger, withont feeling that he was essentisily whut is termed one of God Almighty’s gentlemen. He was of toat class of men who, it were wi-hed, would never die, and yet whom an inserutable Providence so often summonses away in esrly life, from a world for which they are, perhaps, too good. There is something grand as well as touching in bis premature fate. While brav- ons and danger in a mission of benevo- was snatched away and veiled from human eyes,\omid the fearful storms of a region cold and re- even in ite beauty of erystaline ice and spot wa region of dim light and drear dark- Peace to his cold remains! Poor Brllot has found a grave In “ the regions of thick-ribhed ice,” “ far o'er the melancholy maiu ;” but the Athenian Themis‘ocles has no nobler monu- ment than that which the English people will surely raise to the memory of him,@ man of that nation which, for ages, was regarded as their ‘‘ natural enemy.” It isa noble mode of propogating the doc- trine of “ peace and good wil! upon earth.” Be it so. He needs no “ storied urn or animated bust,” how- ever, to transmit his memory ere a in the records of humanity it holds a foremost place ; ani . mnst, therefore, be remembered by al men, and forever. From the sub ime to the ridiculons there is, indeed, but one step, and so here followeth something about ovr Lord Mayor, Mr. Challis. The near approach of the Sth of November, (Lord Mayor's Day,) seems to stimulate our civic function- ary, who is evidently dis nclined to give up the reins of office without securing to himself a baronetcy. Let us see how he goeth to work. The Lord Mayor has recently issued circulars to the peers and com- Tons, and the toadies thereunto attached, proposing that a statue be erected in Hyde Park, on the site of the Crystal Palace of 1851, to Prince Albert. All must admit that our paid Prince Consort is e very pretty, amiable, and unobtrusive fellow; but what on earth be has hitherto done to entitle him to such an apotheosis, would puzzle even Jenkins, of the Morning Post, to establish. The Times very pro- perly objects to the civic fanctionary’s suggestion; aud with scarcely sufficient force, insinuates a hope that Albert will decline an honor which his con- science must dictate he is not yet entitled to. Of such a proceeding I very much fear there is little to be expected, as there is not one solitary oase on re- cord of a prince refnsing anrthing £40000 4 vear 0 wht oma y ue Queen 6 Qusiead, wo say KUL { great Napoleon's coronation in 1809, and | that the “statty won't fit not no how!” | little Vic and himself) be sppropriated to the cleans | the hig) | Mr. John Milne, Mr. | avail Lercelf of her musical talents for her livelihood. | police soon after pounced upen the whole party, wao | | were arrested and sent to the | pators in the spoil. | oly just been answered. ‘ Faith,” he said, “it’s not of sundry comfortable pickings In fact, he is the negation of bei ‘as regards the British constitu- tion, and y has no further claim upon the overtaxeé people of this country, whatever be may have upon his cara sj Common sense argues Stone and brass may be set up to perpetuate the deeds of patri- ots, military or naval commanders, authors, men of learning, and Lieutecant Bellots; but cerfaiuly not in honor of one whose achievements are limited to the parentage of some halt score of royal badies— not even admitting the probability of that amount being doubled. On the principle, I suppose, that one fool makes many; no sooner had Challis issuod his clroular, thaw a perfect avalanche of bank notes rolled in, from dukes, marquises, earls, merchants, &¢, &o., aod the banking houses where the various subscription lists were opened found an increase of occupation. Let it be hoped, as au exception to the general rule, that Prince Albert will refuse the sprat thrown out by Challis, and at the same time suggest that the money already subscribed (with a liberal addition by ing and purification of the habitations of our sufferiag poor, an act for which historians would allot to him paragraphs more lasting than the pyramids ot Egypt —that is, the record of a nation’s gratitude. This money, if properly laid out in sanitary mea- sures, would save the lives of hundreds, aud arrest the Rrogress of many, who, from starvation, are on road to transportation and the gallows. Hunger is a sharp sauce. According to a long-given promise, the Rev. Jas. Aspinall, rector of Althorpe, Lincolashire, delivered a lecture—the be rae one of the season—in the Mechanics’ Institute at Worksop, on Tuesday last, the llth inst. We need not say that, as journalists, we highly approve of the following extract from it: — “ And here, while speaking of lectures, { will men- tion a subject on which an occasional one, or evea a course, might be delivered with ve: Roos effect in a town which must be the centre of a large aud im- portant agricultural neigh »0rhood. No; long since, Jistening to two farmers who were in conversation, | heard one of them ask the other what newspaper he took. The answer wag, ‘I can’t afford to take one,’ which drew from his companion the rejoinder, ‘Well, now, I can’t afford not to take one.’ This led to a demand for an explanaticn fron the nou- taker, which was thus given by his clearheaded friend:—‘ Of course, I want to sell my produce to the beet advantage; and to enable me to do so, I find my newspaper the surest, and indeed the only safe, guide. As soon as I receive it I turn to the report of the money market, study the state of the exchanges, the rate of interest and discount, and see what the golden potentates in the bank parlor are doing, and then I consider what effect will be produced on prices by all this, and c my stuff to market or withhold it accordingly.’ é explanation seemed to be a problem and a mystery to the inquirer, who, after hearing it, appeared to be ina greater state of | fog and mist and cloud than before. Now, I doubt net that bis case is that of many, and therefore I | would suggest a course of plain, explanatory lectures | to salgnien our agricultural friends on a question which is at present positive Greek, if not actual He- | brew, to a great number of them. And to make the receipt complete, and the lesson effective for their advantage, | would add to every one of them—‘Take @ newspaper.’ ” The Ingraham Testimonial Committee, consisting of Mr.G. W.M. Reynolds, Chairman; Mr. Charles Sturgeon, Mr. G. Julian Harney, Mr. John Dicks, Mr. James Grassby, Mr. J. A. Nicholay, Mr. Rich- ard Moore, Mr. Samnel, Kydd, Mr. Walter Cooper, wt Le Blond, Treasurer; and Mr. John Arnott. Secretary, met on Monday evening last— Mr. G. W. Reynolds in the chair. Cor- respondence of a highly interesting character was | barrier, through which light shall not penetrate CES NOE es Gee eR SN a | has been arrested, charged with maliciously wound: | ing two young women, named Mary Ann Dingley reed, including the following letter from Mr. Nico- ° hee Dear Sir—I beg to acknowledge the roveipt of your note, | soliciting a rubscription towards a testimonial, a1 a proof of the admiration of the people of this county, (a4pe- | cially the working clasies,} of the conduct of the gallaat | Awerican 1 bave much pleasure in responding to the invitation to assist, and copsider its privi ega ia having | | the opportunity of putting my name down for halfa- | sovereign, as I presume it is numbers that are wanted, notamount; bat, if required, I shall not hesitate to in- | crease the sum, I congratulate the committee and the | working classes on their spirited and prompt action; it is | like them, and to them rball be all the honor, believing it to be necessary cnly to ba launched to be eminently #us- | cessful: and if I can in eny way assist in furthering their views | beg to place mv services at their command. Again, wishing every possible success, and hoping it may exceed their most sanguize expe statioas, T remain, your's truly, J, A.NICHOLAY. | of the above letter, Mr. Nicho- | Jay was added to the committee, and other business having been cispored of, the committee adjouraed to Monday evening next. Subscriptions ly an- nounced, £12 19s. tal received to Thursday evening, Nov. 3, £ 2d. Ap artist in Paris was a short time since made the | victim of # most barefaced but ingenious robbery. He had some litve time before met a very pretty zirl, ata public bull, who represented that sbe was the daug) ter of a general, who had been compelied to Mr. Jobn Arnott. After the readin, An acquaintance sprung, up between them, aud the lady at length consented to officiate #48 model for him in his artistical stadies. One day while the fair dam- sel was +o engaged, (in the personation of a sparingly clad gi ddess,) the paaiee in her presence opau his secretaire and ited therein a sum of 15,000 francs, and then, without lochiog it, proceeded with bis painting. Scarcely, however, had he commenced | when the model uttered a piercing cry and writhed | as if copes bee the most violent spasms. The painter wasin a terrible embarrasment as to what | course he should | cana He had no antispasmodic | at band, and could not call any one to his aasist- | ance, a8 the fair one was in a state of “uoadorned | beauty.” As a last resource he threw the sofa cushions and other light articles on her, and ran off | | to a chemist’s in search of some ether. On his way | back he was eee at seeing a female very much resembling his friend turning the corner of the | street; but conceiving that he must be mistaken, he | hastened on, when he found that the lady and his | 15,000 francs had disappeared. He gave informa- tion to the police, but for rome days no trace of the girl could be fourd. Shortly afterwards a friend of | the ar.ist’s, while taking a ride near Vincennes, heard, as ke was passing a house, some loud laughter, | and cn looking up saw the lady with two female | friends standing on @ balcony smoking cigarettes, | and some gentlemen talking totnem. He rode on , without noticing them, in order that their suspicions | might not be excited; but as soon as he was out of sight he turned his horse another road, galloped back and gave information to his friend, and the | kel the lady | model as the principal in the robbery, and the others | ——who were proved to have been aware of the means | by which she had obtained the money—as partici- The 2 vmes newspaper is now stamped while being printed. The stamp die is fixedin the form to the jeft of the title, over the centre of the first column. A revenue officer attends, at the expense of the firm, | while the printing is gcing on, to secure the revenue by counting the number printed. The saving ia carting the paper between the Times office and Somerset House is said to be very considerable. The ether day an Irish reaper applied at the York Railway station, asking the to Darlington, how far it was off, ani what time the next train would leave, when he received answers to each question. In the space of afew minutes he returned and re- peated the seme questions, and waa told that he had myself bat wauta to know this time, but my mate outsice.”’ The novel mode of ballasting with water is now beirg tried on beard the Snipe, Captain Fordham. ‘The water is secured in gutta percha vessels, and the filling and emptying processes are simple and expeditious. It is believed that much tine and la- bor will be saved by this new method, and that in the end it will prove much cheaper than the old la- borious plan. The public journals of Afnsterdam contain the f lowing paragraph :—‘Some time back letters from Brazil stated that a slave had found at Baga- gem ao lerge diamond, for which 120,000 florins (240,600 francs) had been offered and refused. We learn that it has been purchased by Mr. Willess, Minister of Ho lacd at Rio Janeiro, for 851,250fs. On Monday the bakers throuchont the metropolis again raired the price of the 4 Ib. loaf a halfpeany. ‘The first rate bakers at the West Kad, the Strand, Holburn, the city &c., who have been charging 1144., now charge ls. to 1s, 04d. for the best wheaten bread; the second rate from $d. to 10d. per 4 Ib., weighed on delivery. Many of the third rate, or | what are called “cheap bakers,” in the populated e ee only charge 84d. to 9d. for good, wholesome | nead. Mr. Alfred Wigan's management of the Olympic has hitherto been most satisfactory aad successtul. @ Camp at the Olympic,” and the excitin: drama, by Mr. Tom Taylor, of “ Plot and Passion, Sie running & proeperous career, and will in all pro- | be bility retain their pocition in the billx till com: | Rt Ned to give place to the Christmas enterta’ amenta. he new arrangement, hy which the performances c at, or itamediaiely aiter, 11 o'clock, sppears to | give general satisfaction 7 News from St. Petersburg announces the com- mencement of the Italian operatic season there, with « jl Barbiere,” in which the accomplished Madame | de la Grange and Signor Calgalari ma ie their debuts. Sinor Pardoni bas been added to the company of the Rogal Italion Opera. The Musical Transcript informs ur that Mdlle. Victoire Balle, danglter of the ccmporer, is about to nppear on the stage in mus‘cal drima. ere seems to be some idea of engaging Melle. Ceovelli at the Grand Opera of Paris. Our favorite composer, Kalle, it is said, is about to dice & new opera on the subject of, and entitled, “ The Corsican Brothers,” and that Mr. Sims Reeves is to personate the interesting twins. The part of the heroine, Emily de Lesparre, is to be written up for Mra Reeves Vu Susuaday aight a OeW Gud Original lyric sketch, | nity to extinguish libert entitled “ Pierre,” was produced for the first ti ne the St. James theatre, and with much success. Mr. Beale opeued the Brighton theatre last even- ing for Italian opera. It is needless to say tuat the house was densely crowded with rank and fashion, Gri, Mario, and’ Daria were most enthusiastically received. The new series of Wednesday concerts at | Exeter Hal) are tolerably wel! attended. Drory Lave, with the French, American and Eag- lish equestsiag troupe, contin rive a trade. Mr. E. T. Smith, the | ty fame, and is on the high road ty forty 283d of next month he promises a grand bal masque, a la Sulien. Who, I would knov, short of Musard, can replace our favorite Maestro, unfortunately for his English | admirers, now in the S:utes? Suburban distaste is | no detriment to Sadler's Wells and the Maryleboge theatres, for both houses are nightly crowded. At the former establishment, Will's “ Midsummer Nights Dream” has proved a most extraordioury | card. The tragedian, Mr. Phelps, never before had such @ run of luck. | can tell Mrs. Wallack, at the Marylebone, is an established favorite, Her husband and Mr. H. Vandeuhoff ably | support her most successful exertions. The amatear | entertainment at the Soho theatre, for the beaefit of | Mr. Bob Morrison, alladed to in my last, is to come off on Saturday, the 3d of December. The pieces to be planed are “Mlle De Belle Isle,’ “Charles the XU," and “Box and Cox.” Masy of our town authors have tendered their services to th:ir old friend— Alderson and Messent,2nd Madame Younge, that is, should the lacy have returned from Italy. All regret the absence from town of Dr. John Joy, whose services would have been so valuable and 90 well Sup ad on this interesting occasion It is reported in the theatrical eutourage here, that Mr. Douglas, the lessee of the Royal Staudard theatre, has offered Mr. James Anderson, an emiuent tragedian, a most auriferous engagement for the first three months after that gentleman's retura from the States. The celebrated Casino, in Argy‘e street, Piccadil- ly, having been, during the recess, entirely redecorat ed, is now one of our metropolitan attractions. New- ly arrived Americans are nightly attendants, and even our Continental neighbors admit that they have nothing superior to it; the orchestra is (under the alternate conductorship of the two young Lawrents) in first rate condition, and all the other arrangements are ably directed. A real Adelpbi drama, from the pea of Mr. Dion Bourcicault, is in rehearsal at that theatre, Green room on dits report favorably of it. There never was such a list as Robson’s ‘Maximilien Desmarrets”’ and Alfred Wigans’ “De Neuville,” in Mr. fom ‘Taylor’s admirable and original drama of ‘Plot and Passion. Don C.rsan. The Revolution China. WHAT DOES THE CZAR OF RUSSIA THINK OF IT? [From the Londen News | What does the Czar think of the insurrection in China? At the very moment that he is striving to carry out the traditional dream of his dynasty, the anvexation of Turkey, and thus closing up the East of Burope and the West ot Asia by an impermeable from one side to the other—at this very moment the most ancient society in the werld is resolving itself | into its elements, and no ove knows how much light and freedom and civilization may result. At the very time that the mode! Secor a neptng to draw the folds of darkness gradually but completely over the Wert ef Europe, a dense population of three hun- dred millions iu the East are beginning to revel in gaps made by revolution, in the stracture of state- craft and priestcratt in which they have been im- privoned for centuries. The largest, tie most com- pact, the most civilised, the most intellectual empire | in the Eastern worlo, is springing up from its long | paralysis, and is about to take its position amovgst the active forces of the world. It may be some time | betore order comes out of tiis disoraer, before regu- | ler relations can be established between Chiua and | foreign nations, but this detructs nothing from the | maguitude of the fact that an oppressive weight has | becn taken off the energies of the most aucient and | most populous empire ia the world; that a compli- | | | cated network of political and religious ordinances, which reduced the lite of the nation to something littie more dignified thau the movements of a mi: chine, has been swept away, and that the introdi tion of a religious dogma, however imperfectly enunci- ated, has given an impulse to freedom of thought. What does the Czur think of this? How does reconcile the news of the last mail with the fulfil- | ment of his dream of shutting out light from the old continent? The Yang-tee-Kiang is crossel, The | indomitable Tartars, the last hope of the Mantchou | oynasty, have suffered one defeat at least. The revolutisnists have held their owa in all the pro- vinces they have conquered. There is a rumor that | Pekin is taken. If this is confirmed, there is no | longer any doubt that the revolution is established, and that Chica will henceforth be open to the opera- tion cf those civilizing forces that have made the Western world what itis. Itis impossible tor the wildest fancy to predict what effect this will have upon the destinies of Asia in particular, and the word in general. The nomadic tribes in the ceatre of Avia bear too much similarity to the red [ndiaus of America i: the want of sufficient sympathy with Eufopean fortns of thought to render them capable of receiving Eurepean civilization. This discrepan- cy does not exist amongst the Chinese. There are ne intellectual or moral idiosyncracies in Chiaa to prevent the inhabitants beeoming permeated with | the results of Eurapean civilization. Here is a na’ for the iren-heeled desp st to crack. it stood, in part intellectually and morally in le of pro- Beeld part crushed under the rule of barbaric jyhasties or European vice-royalties, could give him no trouble. But Asia, with threo hundred millions ef intelligent people en its eastern frontier, thirst ing for knowledye, eager to enter into the career of progress, may offer obstacles to the process of re pressing freedom, both intel eetual and political, which the Czar, were he twenty times a Czar, would be unable to overcome. Light is then bresking in upon the world, morally as well as Beograpbicaliy, from the East; and again it is asked, what dues the Czar think of it? Itis well kaown that he fellows the dictates of the ia- stinct which leads him to crash all efforts to obtain | Olitical freedom, with the fury of a fanatic. He | lieves that he has s miasion t» destroy the effects | which the great liberty allowed t» the developement of modern thought in almost all oountries in | Europe, before 1848, bas produced. He it is who is to save the world from the consequences of that terrible revolution. He overwhelmed Hun. | gary in order to allow Austria time and opportu- in Italy. He it was to whom all the trembling German sovereigns looked at the time when the storm of ineurrection had blown their crowns offtheir heads. Heit iswho, by deeds and promises, and the prestige of his power, aided by the faults of the democratic party them- Ives, has re-established despotism throaghout e greater part of Nurope. The twaddling King of Prussia, half medieval monk and half modern doc- trinavre, the boy Emperor of Austria, the barbaric aristocracies of most of the kingdoms ef Europe, England included, who have settled down amid the peoples ruling them, but not of them, all look to the Czaras an Avatar of the despotic principle. The: all look towards him as one who is to solve the diffl- culties of modem civilization by putting it under lock and key, and governing its motions. What was to prevent the work being accomplished? Hungary can scarcely be called a uation; throughout the whole of Austria, people act, and speak, and worship {ter one rigid unalterable law ; Prussia has lost ail ite constitutional privileges, and submits to the miserable vaporings of the most muddleheaded of monarchs; Italy is politically dead; Spain oscillates between two despotisms—that of a sol- dier and that of a royal favorite; France has no press, no parliament; there are, in fact, bat two or th spots on the whole surface of the Gonti- nent of Europe where the expression of theught is even ncminally free, and over these a strong super- vision is exercised. Was there not a great hope for strong governments’ Were not aristecracies looking up? A quarter of a century of peace under the pre- fent conditions, and political life might have been gradua'ly rolled back on to the grooves from which it was so violently jerked at the time of the revolution. Earope might naturally expect to be split up in a few paternal despotiams, with the Czir a8 the great arbitrator of their fates, Having settled affairs in the West, the autocrat might they turn to the East. He possessed already the whole of the North, The centre would, in all probabiity, remain eternally the South would be by that time share’ Enolish, who would keep it as a provision for the younger branches of the arist » and China, which bad performed all its vita! functions for centuries past, with the regularity of a piece of Mechanism wound up carefully, and warranted to keep time. Alas! before the work is finished in Europe, a stream of unimaginable evils bas opened in Onina. Who could have imagined that the most immovable, undemonstrative, reapectable empire in the who'e world, would indulge in vacaries wild enough fora d sreputable German university? Yeiso itis. The Czar has to mourn over the display of the revo'utio ary spirit in the very spot ot all others where he might have expected it the least. How will Earope consent to be enslaved if Asiaisfree? Will the Auto- crat have the heart to yo on with his work in the Weet now there is so much ocenpation for a mission ary of cespotivm in the Hast? Vhat influence the revolution of China will have in carrying on the civilization of the world it i+ impossible to foresee. It can, however, svarcely be Jers in amount than that of Russia. Russia has been connected to the rest of Kurope by Chris- tianity for vine husdred years. Daring the whole of this time rhe has been little better than a mass of brute matter, She ia connected with no one move- ment in the history of the Koropean mind. She has given us neither poets, nor priests, nor philosophers, nor heroes, The world bas been made none the better or the wiser for her, ‘The Christianity she haa teken the hae f¢egra The sligh’ amount of good ehe exhibits im the interior is exotic ; it comes | by, she saw Jones an | was thrown down. | in her side. from abroad. Sus bor produced one wise, energetic, drunke2 siyege, who coerced the into taking one or two steps in the road to civitiza- tion and there she has stoy China, on the con- trary. bas been useful to the world. Who oan tell how this utility may be increased now the heavy pressure upon her energies has peen removed ? Who | whether the whole of the evil shat the great Autecrat threatens to bring down upon the civili zation of Europe may not be immeasurably over balanced at some future time by the energetic inila- ences of a tree Chinese empire ? reat, nation Foreign Items. The Belfast Mercury (Irish paper) pnblishes a table showing the comparative value of breadstuffs on the Ist of November, in the years respectively of 1622, 143, and 1853, by which it appears that at the last mentioned period the agricultural interest hed attained a state of prosperity, as regarded the prices of produce, falling short only of what it en- Joyed before the peace of 1815. These figures (continues the Mercury) show an ; extraordinary advance in values, and, indeed, a range of prices very different from that predicted by | the men who, two years since, warred with the energy of desperate foemen against the introd measures at that time put forward by the late Sire | Peel; as so far, it must be admitted that, all things taken Into estimate, the pre season is the most favorable one enjoyed by the farmers since 1514. For more than a quarter of a century the Irish agriculturist was obliged to struggle against nume- reus adverse circumstauces; and when our ports were thrown open, and the wealth of the vast grana- ries of the United States and coutinevtal Europe had free acc2ss to our shores, it wassaid British farmers would soon become mere laborers, and the Irish tiller of the soil only find an asylum in the Union work- house. As tothe latter we can only repeat, thata greater amount of scientific improvement has been effected in the soil during the past half dozen years than was done from the year of Napoleon's exile down to the advent of free trade. The protec- tonists, with a newly found sympathy for the work- ing ranks, are, at present, bestowing all their spare benevolence on those about whom they gave them- selves little trouble in the good old days of sliding scales and short wages. Monopolists now whiae over what they are pleased to designate the pressure on the children of toil, in the same breath that they exult in an anticipated famine. Thanks to the glo- rious working of our unfettered commerce, and the @astic principle of mercantile freedom, the increased ‘wages of the people are still amply sufficient to ee the advance in the rates of food. “We look around us atthe state of workhousesin Ulster, and find semi- emptiness the characteristics of all these establish- ments. Unions with gross populations of 70,000 or 80,000 have only to support 200 or 300 paupers. ‘Thus it is that, while the farmer is paid high prices for his manufactures, the farmer's customers—the operatives and citizens—are now better able to buy fall supplies of food than they were ten years since, and during comparatively cheap markets. Another phage of farm produca, and certainly a most impor- tant one, exhibits extraordinary advancement. We give the comparative rates:— 1822. 1843. 1853. Pork, per cwt.24s. to 29s. 30s. to 32s. 498. to 533. Butter, do. ..85s to 90s. 72s. to 76s. 95s. to 1003, In the farmyard we see not only favorable advance- ment, but here are figures which show that the re- turns from that department of agricultural enterprise are highly remunerative. Two Women Sransep.—Bristor, Nov. 4—An American sailor, who gave his name Cocklin Jones, and Mary Ann Sanders. From the circumstances which have transpired, it appears that on Wednes- day night, as Dingley was going through Lewin’s Meade, in the direction of St. James's church, she was met bythe prisoner, who had been drinking freely, and who asked her if she knew where a per- son pamed Wokey lived. She said she did, and pointed out a place called ‘The Buildings.’ The risoner faid he did not think he should find Wo- key there, but Dingley replied, ‘That is where she lives.” On tais Jones called her a —— liar, and made use of other abusive and disgusting language. Dingley told him to go about his business, and on his threatening her che said she would get some one to make him do so. She then went to her mo- ther’s, but sfterwards Pome through a street close several women, with whom he was Suet ie On espying her he at once ran towards her with an open kmfe in his hand, and ex- ¢laiming “ You are the first,’ he stabbed her in the arm. She cried out that she was wounded, and ran away with the other women, one of whom, however, Mary Ann Sanders, hitched her foot in her dress and The prisoner ran to her, kicked her, and then stabbed her, the knife penetratin; through her clothes, and inflicting a severe woun The sufferers were removed to the Bristol Royal Infirmary, and, information of the ont- rage having been given to the police, the prisoner was shcrtly afterwards apprehended, and conveyed before the magistrates. He stands remanded to await the result of his atrocious violence. . In the English Court of Exchequer an action was brought by Samuel Emery, tne well known actor, who in March, 1851, entered into an engazemst with Mr. Webster, then lessee of the Haymarket ard Adelphi theatres, to perform at those theatres for the ensuing seasons of 1851-2 and 1852-3, commanc- ing onthe 29th September followiag. He begi his engagement at the Haymarket, and continued to perform there until the defendant ceased to be the esree. He was then trensferred to the Adelphi, where he performed until the 19th of March last, when he was dismissed from the defendant's service, in answer to which the defendant paid £32 into court, being the amount of one month’s salary. Mr. Hawkins having shown cause the ‘rule of court, it was muprceted by Mr. Bramwell and Mr. Wordsworth. e court held that the rule must be discharged, it being clear that the plaintiff had acted under a misapprehension, and he was entitled to re- trace his steps, upon payment of costs. Rale dis- charged. The Pacific Railroad. The following is an extract feom a speech of Mr. Gwin, in the Senate, on the 17th day of January, 1853, on the bill offered by Mr. Brooke, of Mississippi, | to charter the New York Company, or grant them the credit of the United States :— Mr. Gwix said—I am not going to enter at large into this discussion; I wish to state very briefly a few of the objections which I have to the amend nent of the honorable Senator from Mississippi. The first ebjection which suggests itself to my mind is, that a company incorporated by a single State will be go- verned by local alities and influences. This company is, I understand, chartered by the State of New York to build a railroad from the Mississippi river to the Pacific Ocean. In the next Piao many of these corporations it may be supposed own stock in eastern asd western railroads, and would be moray interested in increasing the value of these roads making the Pacitle route connect with them, although such,connection would be adverse to the public interest. The parties comprising this company are in part immente railroad contractors, and hence this is not an unreavonable position. Thirdly, if offered to a company at all, it should be to that which bids the lowest, and should be opened to free competition. If we are to give the money or the credit of the government to a compaty to build the road, let it be to that company which will do it on the best terms. Finally, this is a project to create @ gigantic monopoly, with more power than the reat Kast India Company, and infinitely greater an the Bank ot the nited Btates ever pomweased. The proposition of the Senator from Mississippi is a very crude one. I never saw it until it was presented ana laid upon our tables. It is evident!y impossible for such @ measure to pass through the Congress of the United States. As I stated the other day, I have bo prejudice against any plan; bat] want a practical working plan, and ! do not think this is such a one. Sneckiye Svicior iN tucky—A Mrsrr- nious ATraiw—We heard yesterday of a shocking instance of suicide that tranypired in Jeffersonville on the ev 1% previous, connected with which are cextain circumstances of s very mysterions and aa jet inexplicable character. On Satarday night a Inar, supposed to ba, from papers sbou; his person, PS Peter H. Stall, went to a private boarding house, ate supper, and at seven o'clock retired to bed. About pine o’clock, some one entering the room where he had gone to lodge, found him laying oa the bed, weltering in great pools of blaod and quite dead. From an éxamination of his body, it appears thet he bad made horrible gashes with a razor across both legs, and in like manner had nearly severed both arms. The flow of blood from these wounds bad evidently produced the poor man’s Ceath, and the coroner's tery rendered a verdict in accrrdence with the facts we have named. The ef- fects of the deceased consisted of a carpet bag of clothing. which is left with Dr. Collum, ot Jeffsrsoa- ville. Among bis papers was found a bank notice from Messrs, L. A. Benorst & Co., of St Louts, notifying him of $5,000 being due at their house be- tween the 15th and 21st of October, A letter was also found without any address, but written in New Albany, and dated November 17th. [n this the writer, (evidently the person who committed the svicide,) informs bis correspondent that he would return to St. Louis, and if he could not obtain bail, would give himself up and await bis trial. The man was genteel in apresrance, bad $48 in mooey about him, and was evideutly of French extraction.— Louisville Courier, Nov, 21 Fortra Inpr ans. “in Indian agent, had arrived in Florida, with authority to offer the Indians larger sums of money than vere offered by Gen. Blake, to induce them to emigrate, ond the informant of the News stated that a report was in circulation that the Indians were congrega- ting at Pease Creek, in high glee at the meron oa of the governcrent, and expreaing thelr millingness to emigrate. The Early Settlement of Oregon—Its mate, Productions, &. TO THE EDITOR OF THE NEW YORK HERALD. . Nov. 23, 1853. Sin—While I tender my most sincere and he felt thanks for the favorable mention which you ha so kindly made of me and of my order in your pay of the 20th inst., I must, however, beg leave ta ca rect a few statements coutained therein, Traut justice and gratitude require it. The Jesuits, then, have not been the fira’ to dil cover the vast natural resources of Oregon. Ti praise thereof is entirely due to John McLaughli Esq., who, having been for about thirty years at th head of the Hudson’s Bay Company, west of Rocky Mountains, not only discovered the richness that soil, but aso foresaw the glorious destinies that remote portion of the American continent, it was who brought about the colonization of th part of Oregon which he deemed most favorable agricultural purposes, and which, trom the rit that bathes it, is called the Willamet Valley. N. more, it is this praiseworthy gentleman who, thou; contrary to the rules of the Hudson’s Bay Compan not only permitted its servants to settle at the e| piration of their service in that part of the cou try, but also gave every encouragement assistance to the first American emigrants, th taking upon himself heavy and dangerozs respon bilities both towards his home government, as as towards the powerful company whose fis; veer tive he was, when the boundary question still pend between the American and British governments. was he who gave a powerful impulse to the eettlema of that country, which he ever asserted belonged the American— not British—power ; and under th conviction he laid his claim near the Falla of Willamet, and founded the firat city in Oregq which if at present, for some uliar and transie circumstances, common with all other places, cot no more than about eight hundred inhabitants, sti in the progress of time, it will, on account of its co] advantages, most Largo be one of the m prominent places of that region. He did ail ¢ not to introduce, a beicrs hare ay eiealy a very preposterously aszerted, the Brit uence Sivelicen dominions, but to'secure to his old and to his family a home under the protecting win of the American eagle. Though he was afterwai wronged, and by an act of the Congress, ground on mere misrepresentations,stripped aad dispossesg of his right to the Oregon City claim, to which was entitled both on account of his ha forme} been a British subject, and in virtae of the tre between the two nations, as well as on account his being an actual bona fide citizen of the Unil States. And, as regards the missionary’s toils in thq quarters, it is true that the Jesuits, through the p severing exertions of the Rev. Father Des met, h. been the first to establish themselves among the dians who occupy that tract of Oregon which con undex the name of the Rocky Mountains. But the remaining jetty of the country they were bly preceeded by the two zealous Canadian miss! aries, Messrs. Blanchet and Demers, the formey whom is now Archbishop of Creaoe city, and latter Bishop of Vancoaver’s Island, where have respectively displayed the most untiring and energy in their apostolic functions. As to the climate of Oregon, I say iadeed that] is delightful, very mild in winter, and very heal ip every season of the year, but it is far from bel the climate of the Sandwich Islands. The sn lasts for a few days only, but the raias prey throughout the winter; not, however, to such an tent a8 to prevent farmers from ploughing and 1 ing almost unceasingly from September till the ot April, and some years even until the mid il May. Summer is very warm in day time, bu’ nights are very pleasant on account of a coolish perature which prevails ia a very considerable gres. Nearly ail the productions of Italy and of south of France could be successfully obtained Oregon; but I would not venture to assert the 8 of the tropical productions, for 1 am of opinion neither the climate nor the soil would prove con nial to them. First rate wheat, tolerably good ca peas and oats of superior order, splendid potat and other vegetables, fine a) ples, peaches, cherries, apricote, grapes and tobacco, could, ee. very well; not so with las bananas, pi los platanos, and the like. I may also state certainty that without having recourse to eng ment, we might, by planting the seed, obtain roducing , hi ably, fuxuriant and palatable fry his is a proof of the peculiar fertility of the ¢ and does not, {n my opinion, hold with respect to States, nor even with regard to Italy, France, or Spanish Peninsula. What I would, however, impress upon your m| readers is, that how great soever may be the ind veniencies of eraigration from these States to the off countries ¢f the Pacific, yet the advantages £0 multiform as to compensate every sacrifice in highest degree, jally with regurd to fs During a residence of ten years in the countr never met a single emigrant farmer who ed his former home. On the con ey are Lot satisfted with the landof ti adoption. n the poorest emigrants attain, a few years, to such a state of hprospertiaas q quite independent, not to say opulent. The vici of the California marts, and of the mining region Oregon, present opportunities never to be met in ae seven aoe eh. e present pop’ ion regon, to to fed. Washi of that portion so impro) < thor fed pons Les a der ritory, is, if Iam not thirty thousand inhabitants. But if we cor surveyed portion of the couatry as laid down in jee map made by the indefatigable Surz eneral, J.B. Preston, Esq., we could state there is room for an average ot two millions, Please, sir, to give publicity to this through mediom of your widely circulating paper, and will thereby highly oblige yours, trul "1 and resp fully, M. 8. ACCOLTI, Super’t of Missions 8. J. in Oregon and Califo United States Commissioners’ Court. Before Richard E. Stillwell, Beq. MUTINY IN T Nov. 25.—The United St vs. Joseph Matti Henry McDonald, John Hicks, John West, Wiliam Courtney, six of the crew of the p ship James Wright. Upon the examina‘ion, w! was conducted ‘are ‘idgway for the governm the following evidence was adduced :— William B. Hutchings deposed—I am m: the American ship James Wright, bound to Sat nah and the Gulf; defendants were part of the c: we started from the North river yesterday mo about 104 o'clock; the men commenced to heave anchor up; I perceived a difficulty forward; I down into the forecastle, where I discovered mate, with some of the crew clinching him fight; one of them was Matthews; some one of men cried out, loud enough for all to hear, “ kill d-——d son of a b——h: this” was while Matti] had hold of him; Icaught hold of the mate's and dragged him part way to the door to rescue at least three men were striking and kickiag when I did so, and Ma‘thews was among them; ot near tbe door, three or four more men ru! into the forecastle, and in the rush I lost hold of mate and bad to look cut for myself; I saw kaive the bands of two; the dirk kuife which I now duce wos in Matthews’ hand; I then took a reva ani cutlass from'my cabin snd went forward ag} a large portion of the crew were on te foreca they spoke disres; to me, and [ told ther © advance one step or I would shoot them; econd mate came forward and said the mate éead; went aft and found him lying on the t his room covered with blood all tho down to his breast; lifted him up and bim put on board the steamer as soon porsible; some of the crew were aft sud aff to go forward; while eecond mase was superinten, the anchorage of the ship, Matthews took « fitteen pound block and attempted to throw it a, secund mate; the prisoners all acted in a riotou: mutinous manner; I was afraid to stop in the castle to get the mate out; 1 would not have | willing to risk ee by going back again to) forecastle; all of the accused purties came last ni! and said they would go to duty again. William Jones, steward on board, deposed— he recognized the defendants; heard the mate the men to heave away; the mate went below; after that heard some of the men say there w muss; looked down off the forecastle, saw the tain bareheaded and Taped bleeding; I said, ‘FE don’t kill the captain;’’ Matthews had his dirk i hand, and the mate was iyin, ont three yard. with three cuts in ead; Matthows made asses at tbe captain, but did not cut him; tke | instead of striking the captain, hit the door him, apd broke the point off; the other tour’ were inside the forecas'le, backing Matthews 1 saw McDonald also have a sheath knife in his saw Hicks take hold of the coptain by the o« there were seven men around the captain. } The Commissioner, upon this statement of th: cumetances, committed the prisoners for trial. | Mau, Ropseny axp Fravp.—On the 7th of} vember @ woman, professing to come from Lis Me., offered for sale in Portlard a cashier's « from the Stock Bank, of Indiana, to the Ocean E New York, for #66228. The money was fi, paid upon the check, but it was afterward tatred from New York that it was stolen from] mail and the endorrement forged. The womanif about forty years of age aud has aot piace ll seen. Foreion Consvn—Leuia Volz hay been! ficiaily recognized by the President aa Con the Swiss Confederation for the port ot | leans,