The New York Herald Newspaper, November 4, 1853, Page 2

NEWS FROM NEW MEXICO. CPTERESTING ITEMS FROM SANTA FE. NEW ROUTE TO THE PACIFIC, &o., &e., &., OUR SANTA FE CORKESPONDENCE. Santa Fa, Sept. 30, 1853. Breault of the Congressional Election—Gallegos Returned—LHis Majority—Opposition to Governor Meriwether—His Vin dication—Gallegos and the Church—The Mexican Clergy— The People and Progress—Probable Effects of the Return to Congress. ‘The contest for delegates in the next Congress, from this territory, has resulted in the election of Gallegos by a majority of 539 (five hundred and thirty-nine) ever Governor Lane, so that another democrat is added to the List. There was quite an excitement got up here against Governor Meriwether and Judge Davenport, by a clique of Governor Lane’s friends, during the election. Their crime eonsisted in geing to public meetings of the friends of Gallegos bere, where several Mexican speeches wore made: and this was the grand casus belli. It was supposed by Governor Lane’s friends that the appearance and countenance of these two functionaries materially influenced the result of the election. The rights, however, of every freeman, whether public officer or private citizen, to enjoy his political opinions and ox) them, cannot be doubted, especially when his political bias must be krown from his antece‘ents. If a politician, on assuming office, is to discuise his sen- timents and desert his party, the most useful and ac- tive members of the dominaat party will always be taken y from it. This cancot reasonably be expected, and is not the precedent in likw cases. Thiv fveliag however, must soon wear off, and thers isro doubt but that the fearlers and straight-forward way in which these fane- tionaries perform their duties will give them the respect of all parties eventually. It beixg the best abused man of the two, is an evidence of most merit, Gallegos is certainly the mo: t dese: ving he was abused both by the clergy andthe lairy Having no democratic antecedents, he ix a detter democrat than Lane, who has only democratic sequents. Gallegos, if the abuse of the clergy against him is correct, certainly be. longs to the progressive democracy, aud has broken from the shackies of the church. The majority that he re- ceived over his oppenent, even with the powerful intla- euce of the bishop against bim, is a sure ind m that this territory is democratic, as far aa it can de, in the present state of political darkuess among the masses. The only way to enlighten the masses here, ir by estal lishing » good understa: ding between the American resi dents the States, and themselves. Thix good result will be advanced by the election of one of their own covn- trymen, and one who eught to be identitie’ with the soil, from birth aod prejudices; and who, on his return, ean explain to the Hispano-Amertcans our institutions, ‘habits, and greatness. These things mast fo ce them’ selves upon him, from all he will see around hia in the new pu he is entering. The isolation of this country and the ditficulty of access to the more populous portions of the Union, must long keep the masses here ign :rant of our institutions, from personal observation, and the ouly way this knowledge car be conveyed to them, must be from the representations of those who have the same lan- guage,and religion as themselves. i On ‘this ground, irrespective of part consider the election of a Mexican advantageous. There is to interest you here, and give you these few items of news in graiitude for the welcome 4les of your ePaper the last mail brought us. Yours, GRINGOS., considerations, I NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS. We have the Santa Fe Gazel/e to the 24th of September, frem which we extract the following items of news:— Col. Mansfield, Inspector General, who arrived from the States in company with Gea Garland, after having in apected the posts at Fort Union, Fort Massachusetts, and tonment Bergwin, pas-ed through this city, and in spected the troops stationed here, this week, on his way below. "After digging the foundstion for the capitol, and mak- ing other preparations to commence the erection of walls, the contractor met with difficulties, apparently in- surmountable, in obtaining « sufficient number of compe: tent stone masons. Ai a deraier resort, he applied for aid to Gen. Garland, the commander of this Military De partment, who responded in a manner so polite and libe- ral, that we think he deserves, and will receive, thanks, not of the contractor, but of every persen who feels an interest in that work and ‘ne prosperity of the terri tory. The General allows six masons to be selected from the army and put on furlough, in order that the work may beeontinued. They are paid at the rate of $2 50 per day. Tcrormation has reached Governor Meriwether, through Dr. Steck, late Indian Agent that the Mexcaleros aud other Apéche Indians that range in the Sacramento and ‘White Mountains to the east of Dona Ana, have recom- tmenced hostilities, ‘About the 20th of July, two Mexicans, residents of Don- oa Ana, started to the Salt Like, which lies some distance ‘te the east, and have not since returned, and no doubt re- miains bat they bave been murdered by the Mescaleros, About the Ist of August the same Indians attacked a party of California emigrants at Van Horne’s Spring, on the Ban Aatonio road, aud drove off one hundred aad Gity head of stock, and killec ten out of thirteen men, ‘Americans, who followed them to recover the stock. The men reached @ point in the Sacramento Mouutaias, whica is in the heart of the Mescalero country, anc when parsing through a deep canon, or defila ia the mountain, they were fired upon by the India d ten out of the thirteen were instantly killed. We are unable to give any information of these men—do not know to what part of the United States they belonged. Our fellow-citizen, John R. Tullis was attacke' by those Indians on the #ame road. and lost twelve mules, and narrowly excaped the loss of his own life. The rising of those Indians must be regarded as a se rious evil; they have heretofore given much trouble, and occasioned the loss of a large amount of property and the lives of some of our best citizens. ‘We trust that prompt measures will be taken to give | protection to our citizens. From an editorial speaking of Gov. Lane and his can- vass for Congress, we extract the following: — “If Weightman and Baird are men capable of appre ciating high moral worth, and all the preprieties of life, (which we fear Ja-expec g too much of them,) they must know that Gov. Lane ha®@ made such a Governor as this territory may be proud ever to possess again. They must kpow that on his arrival here, like an honorable and sensible gentleman, fully aware of the dignity of his office, he declared that he would not debase it hy inter- meddfing with the local faction and politics of They knew that Gov. Lane fulsil to the very letter, that he sided w the leader of none, whilst at the <ame time he endeared himself to every decent and inteiligent man in the terri tory, by his affable and cignified ceportment in social in tercourse. They knew—at least one of them does—that Gov. Lane, whilst faithfully ci-chargivog his own duties, desired to see (thous h he was not always gratifiea) simi lar fidelity among Indian agents and other public office in the discharge of their du aow the accusers and enemies of Gov. Lane’ The Sunta Fe Gazette of the 17th ult. has the folowing anique acknowledgments :— “We are incebte: to the politeness of Mr. Pinckney B. Tulley, who returned from (ulifornia in company with Mr. Aubry, for Inte San Francisco papers. Mr. Tulley was iu the fight with the Garoteros, and received a severe wound oa thehead. These Indians fight mostly with clubs, and use them with great dexterity. “A day or two since we received a package from our Geen. X. hatry, who bas lately tevarnel’ from Cali. fornia. The package was handsomely put up to our ad- present.” Of course we expected at would excite the curiosity and ad- miration of our friends, ax we knew Mr. Aubrey generally soquitted himself in a becoming manner in matters of this Kind. We carefully unfolded the package, when our ouriosity was startled at the sight of, not of # live Garo- ‘tero , but the scalp of one folied up in ita long, Sowing locks of hair, We quietly replaced the envelope, ‘ing to ourself that the chap who had worn that “waked up the wrong passenger” when he started Aubry. We have since learned that our preseat was taken from an Indian who wss killed in the battie of the 14th of August, mentioned in another column.’ Aubry’s Journey from California to New Mexico. ‘The Gast says:—We have the satisfaction of tayin, before the public Mr. Aub:y’s notes cf @ trip from Cal! fornia to New Mexico by a route hitherto but little kaown In fact, the route pursued by Mr. Aubry has nsver before been explored by any one. The belief which has long existed in the pudlic mind of New Mexico, in regard to the existence of an oxeellent route for & wagon or railroad from the cantral pact of the territory to California, has received ample cyofrmation from this exploring expedition of Mr. Aubry. From this enterprise of poble daring, the most inte- and useful infermation is furnished to the world, @m a subject which at this time engrosses the atteation of statesmen and capitalists to in any former period of our history: We confidently give assurance to our readers that the of this gentleman may be relied upon to the let- sad that we have reason to believe that the modes'y aiways attends rea! worth, has caused him to Gndervalue the usefulness of his labors ant the accuracy of bis judgment. NOTES—BY F.X. AUBRY. Twow Nae July 10, 1853.—As the country between this point and San Francirco is well knowa, { have kept go minutes of my jeurney thus far. We crossed the Sierra Nevada at the Tejon lass, which is in about the 36th paraliel of latitude, and about fifty miles reuth of Walker's Pass. From this point we will travel east until we reach the Rio Grande, at Albuquerque, New Mexico. It ia well to remark that, uofortuoately, there in no one with as who knows anything of the country through which we must pass, and wecould not obtain any infor mation in rerard to it. My party consists of eightenn men—twelve Americans and six Mexicans. Messrs. Tully, of Santa Fe, and Adair, of Independence, have joined us for » pleasure trip. We use pack animals entirely, baving neither wagon nor carriage. July 11 —Lett the Pass, and made twelve miles east, ‘over a level, gravelly and sandy soil, and found a spring water. “—— faly 12.—Travelled*twenty miles eastward; the country | eimilar We met with no timbar, but found several « of fresh water. There ia timber inthe mountains about the Tejon Pass, but none on tue eantern side of them. ue Save sania day 35 miles tee ong struck ve river, w! we found plenty water. This river sometimes disappears in its course, whilst at others it contains aa much as two feet of water. There ix @ little cotton wood upon its banks, and cane brakes “ abundance. The cane is not of the large species. ¢ Mohave takes ita rise in the San Bernerdino moun (aina, which lie to the south of us, and after pursuing a © course toa point s little north of our present camp, turns suddenly east, and soon south of east, to empty into the great G lorado, Found good grass for wcenimels, to that of yesterday. And yet these men are | | elevations, er mountains, without the necessity of cross | | in our tin cups. and in every one discovered particles of ‘Ldth.—Made 20 miles east along the Mobave, end Ps hg timber and grass abundant. July 16th.—Continued along the river about 18 miles further, in a direction nearly east; then lea: the Me- have to our right, we travelled fifteen miles at. Met with an abundance of grass, a little timber, and s few miles of fertile land the river. There is no * to da; We have avoid a region of sand hills that lie to our right, and di- rectly between us and the Great Colerado. weather is very hot, and no rain has fallen since we left the Pass. | So far we bave met with neither Indians nor game of any | kind. We obtained a little water about half-way is our | day’s journey; but aw no timber or grass. | july 17—Made thirty-three miles northeast, over | level, gravelly country; about half way obtained little | very bad water. No grass or timber in sight during the | day; but st night we obtained good water, grass and will | game. Prairie mountains lie on both sides of the trail. July 18,—Travelled twenty miles, still northeast, over a level country. Saw but little good land, and no timber. After travelling about five miles, we found gocd spring water, bu’ encamped without any July 19.—Course still northeast, distance thirty-two miles, country Lsvel, soil inferior, grass and water, but no timber July 20.—Made twenty miles northeast, over a level, gravelly country, and obtained good spring water and grass, Saw ne timber. July 22.—Travellei tweaty miles east-southeast, most of the distance through a little can where we found good grass, water, and game in abundance, and struck the great Colorado of the West. The river at this place is over three hundred yards in width, and has from ten to | fifteen feet water in the channel. Its banks are entirely destitute of timber and grass; in fact, no vegetation is | met with except a small shrub, called chamezo by the Mexicans, and ! believe artemesia by botanists. We ware | very fortunate in striking the river at this point, where | there are neither canons nor moantains, although the cour try appears very rough and mountainous both to the north snd south of it. To the north, the rocks are black and irregulsr, and seem to »e volcanic; whilst the cliffs to the south are of red sandstone. Th» banks at the croving are low, rocky and uachauging, and the current exceedingly rapid. i We followed the river up for five miles, and selected a cros#ing where it was some two hundred yards wide, and twenty or twenty-five feet deep. eceeded in finding a little driftwooa. of which we mad Four mon | took charge of it, and it was carried some three miles with the current before it could be landed, The heights were covered with Indians, in readiness to shoot us down. 1 rtarted dewn with four men to fi llow the raft and pro- tect the men who were upon it, having ordered the camp down in haste. Having unloaded the raft upon mm bank, the men recrossed the river, and we selected & camp opposite the place where the baggage was deposited, and during the night kept up a constant fie with our rifles across the river, and in this manner protected it from the Indians. The animals were taken to the crossing I had first se- lected, te swim the river. I took them up with three men on the west bank, and four men re i them on the op- posite side. This detained us half a day. and altogether we were detained five days in crossing the river. The driftwood of which we constructed our little raft appeared to have been cut by beavers. These animals must be exceedingly abundant, as they destroyed durin, the first night the ropes with which our raft was boun together, and carried off the timber. The loss of the ropes was a great inconvenience to us. We set a guard afterwards at night over our second raft, to protect it from a similar fate. The river showeé signs of having been some fifteen feet higher than when we eroesed it. It is here a grand and magnificent stream, swift like the Mississippi, and appa- renily as well adapted to navigation. ‘The place of our crossing is well suited to bridging, or ferr'age, by steam or otherwise. We saw no waterfowl about antelope and blick tailed deer. countered a great many rattlesnakes of an uncommonly large size, They seem to be a new species, as their ‘ails are covered, for some six inches from the point, with sl ternate white and black rings of har or bristles, about a quarter of an inch long. According to my observations the Colorado of the West is set down upon the maps greatly tco far to the east, perhaps as much a6 150 miles The Indians were constantly in sight and watching our movements, They could not be induced to approach us, but assured us, across the river, that they were Mohaves. On one oceasion, whilst at rest fora few minutes ina deep gully, about a mile from the crossing, on the west side of the rive , @ Mexican mule-boy discovered some- thing glistening upon the groend, which, on examination, proved to be gold We at once commenced washing «and | the river and only a few East of the river we en- gold. This gold was discovered in a dark, coarse sand, and a black, heavy sand was found in the cup after wash- ing away the gr The sandy «oil was so compact that we could not dig it up with our fingers. The Indians be- ing still on the heights near us, and our party beirg separated by the river, the danger was so great that we coul remain longer at this spot. I intended to re- turn but the Indians became so numerous that it was impossible to ¢o so, This guiley is on the right bank of the river, and the head of itis ina very reugh and rugged mountain. Ty 27th.—We washed sand on the east side of the river, and found gold in greater abundance than on ani revious occasion. I myself washed a tin cup full of yel- | low clay, and fourd about twety five cents worth of the pure metal. "A Mexiean boy. on washing a frying panful of coarse sand, found from forty to fifty particles of pure gol, some of which were as large as the head of a pi. ni We tookjthe clay sand from the top of the ground, without digging. appearance of the country also in: dicates gold. I made no further examination, as our ani mals bad subsisted for five days upon the chamez, with- | out a blade of grass, and our provisions had been dam- aced in the Colorado, which must cause us to travel se- veral deys without aby thing to eat. To day we made ten miles east. The country is with- | out wood, water or grass. | Tth.—Two of our men being sick, we were com | “i ‘o return to the river on their account. Hi Struck it some fifteen miles below the crossing, and found trat from nesr that poiut it makes a conriderable | bend towa e east. The country here does not indi. cate ols ld we find any on washing the sands. Ju y 20th.—The condition of eur sick men obliged us to | remain in campallday. Our animals were in a starving condition as there is nota particle of grass on or near | re July coth.—Left the river, and travelled fifteen miles | east unc five miles northeast. A sick Mexican was so | much exhausted that we were compelled to make for a mountain north of us, which indicated water; but we found neither water, timber nor grass. July Slst.—fravelied eight miles northeast, and struck alarge’stream, but much smaller thae the Colorad, coming from the east routheast, and running west north- west. This stream may be what the Mexicans designate as the Riv Grande de fos Apaches, and what the Ameri- cas have recently called the Little Red River. One of my Mexicaus followed this stream a few miles, and «ays that it empties into the Colorado, seven or eight miles below camp, and that there is below usa valley of good soil, and grass in abundance. Where we struck this stream there ix neither timber nor grass. In the evening we travelled five miles south, to avoid mountains, and as many east. The country was level, but *tthout grass or timber. The mountains, or perhaps more properly hills, that we have thus far met with; are nothing more than eleva- ns, of various forms and « imensions, dispersed in a de- tached and irregular manner over a vast and otherwise uninterrupted plateau. Hence, I have constantly termed the country level, and very properly, as it may be tri versed in all directions among the solitary and detach ing them. August 1.—Travelled twenty miles east, and found a spring of good water; the grass was abundant, and cedar trees were seen on the highlands The country is level, and the soil inferior. ‘Aug. 2.—Made ten miles east, erossing a mountain or ridge, where we found a fine pass, grass and timber (ce- dar abd pinon) abundant. Aug 8.—Travelled twenty miles south of east, over a country somewhat broken; timber and grass abuncant. Indians were around us in numbers, all day shooting ar- | rows every moment. They wounded some of our mules, | and my famous mare Dolly, who bas so often rescued me from danger, by her speed and capacity of endurance. Aug. 4.—We moved ten miles south to avoid moun- tains, and struck a valley which we left a few days vince, and which extends to the Colorado. The mountains which we left are covered with timber. Grass and water were found in plenty. The Indians commenced fring on us at sunrise and con- tinued uvtil we reached camp. Arrows passed through the clothes of several of the men, and three passed through my own clothes, and | was slightly wounded by two others in dierent places. An arrow passed throu the collsr of Dick Williams. We killed several of the In- diana, and wounded more. leter Prudon accidentally shot himeelf im the right knee Aug. 5—Travelled ten miles southeast in a valley, No water; grass and timber in abundance on all the moun- tains ‘Aug. 6—Ccntinued ten miles southeast in the same valley in which we Kp ag eb ay, found ne water, but good grass and plenty of timber on and below the mountains. Aa our siek menare unable to travel, we ave suffering for water, havirg been nearly three days without any; and indications are not now favorable In- dians «till around us. Aug. 7—Travelled ten milet southeast, half the distance in the same valley, and then went toa mountain, and found good water grass and timber. All the mountains in this country are covers with cedar, pine and pinon. The gras is good ia all the prairies, but none of them have any waler. The soil is sandy ‘and fall of particles Incians are numerous, and continue to fire upon un. ‘Avg. 8th —Made fifteen miles east-southeast, crossing a littie chain of mountains, where we found s level pass and timber, grass, and water in abundance Crossed a stream running from northeast to southwest, which, I think gces to the Colorado, After crossing the moun teins, we passed through a ne valley, vith an abun dace of guod spring water and timber near it. The In- dians attagked the camp several times last night, but without success, and continued fighting ua during the day, bot with leas boldness and revolution. Aug. %h —After proceeding eight miles east, we found ovrselves surrounded by canons, apparently from «ne to four thonsand feet ¢ at we sometimes could noi see the bottom. We were compelled to return to the | Fame carp. The coantry’s high and level, and well sup plied with timber, grass, and wa . Aug. 10.—Mc ved ten miles sout broken country. @roweed a st Umber along its course,) which is evidently a tributary | of the G The country indicates gold ia abuudance. We croxsed a little chain yf mountains, where we found a gr at quantity of silver ore in flint rocks, Aug, 11 —Travelled southeast, over a country a little | broken, but well supplied with water, grass, and timber. | Indications of gold still exist. | Aug. 12.—Made Sfteen miles southeast, crossing the bed of a large stream now dry, with plenty cf timber | slong it. Struck the valley which we left rome five or | six days 9go, baving crossed n few days ago the head wa tera of # stream which passes through it. This valiey will be of the utmost importance in the making of « wagon or railroad, east over a somewhat | am of good water, (with | ‘0 day, for the Arst time on this trip, we ate a dinoer of mule meat Tt was a new fit a” of our men ant mace aving vi haem ope, Toe it we Wa Yid Aoquaua. | and charged upox us with clubs, bows | I saw this prairie when we were at the east end of the . wn or pusbiv of Gumi, #. A 18.—Marched twenty miles east, lea’ right he t valley so often mentioned, siwhich ox: tends Colerado. Passed through a little valley be tween two mountains, where we found timber, grass and water in abundance. The soil was excellent. here met Indisns, who professed to be very friendly, rs of recommendation from the commanding officer ef Fort Yuma on the Gils trail. ‘Avg. 14.—We left early, and after travelling five miles in an eastern direction, sto} to breakfast near an In- dian camp of Oarroteros. y professed friendship; but having no faith in their professions, I selected a camp on the top of a small hill, which would give us advantage in case of a fight. All went om weil until our mules were saddled and we were ready to start, when, at a given sig- nal, rome for y or filty Indians, apparently unarmed, and accompanied is their squs wa, children, and babies (tied to boards) in their arms, very suddenly charged upon us, and attempted todestroy the whole party with clubs and rocks. The signal of attack was the taking of my hand in farewell by a chief, which h» held with all his strength. So soon as these first Indians commenced the fight, about two bundred more rushed from behind @ hill and brash, nd arrows. 1 thought, for a fewgminutes, that our party must neces sarily be destroyed: but some of us having disengaged ourselves, we sot them down so fast with our Colt’s re- Yolvers, that we soon pr duced confusion among them and put them to flight. We owe our lives to these fire arms, the best that were ever invented, and now brought, by successive improvements, to a state of perfec- tion. Mr. Hendrey, an American, and Frangi man, a New Mexican, greatly distinguished themselves. Twelve of us—just two thirds of our party—were ne- verely wounced I, among the rest, was wounded in six places Abner Adair, Ifear, is dangerously injured. It was s very great satisfaction tome to find that none of my men were killed, mcr any of the animals lost. We bled very much from sur numerous wounds; but the blood and bodies of the Indians covered the ground for many yards around us. We killed over twenty-five, and wounded more, The bows and arrows that we captured snd dest oyed would have more than filled a large wagon. Before the attack commenced, the squaws kept the clubs, which were from eighteen to twenty four inches lovg, concealed in ceer skins about their children. Whoa ut to flight, they threw their babes down into a deep Grusby gulley near at hand, by which many of them must have ben killed, This is the first time I ever met with a war party of Indians accompanied by their wives and children. “The presence of the latter was evidently to remove from our minds all suspicien of foul play on their past. I was never befere in xo perilous a condition with a party in all my life. On this oscasion, which will be the fast, 1 imprudontly gave my right band, in parting, to the Indian chief. The left must answer for leave taking hereafter. We have thu far had so much ill lack to encounter that our arrival at our destination must be much delayed First, our men fell siek, then our provisions were damaged in the Colorado; latterly, a man shot hin self through ths knee; our mules’ feet, for want of shoes, are worn out; and to crown all, to-day ‘two-thirds of the party are badly wounded, and all have barely escaped with their lives. We are now subsisting entirely on mule meat, and do not get as much of that as we want. Weare without salt and pepper, and, in their absence, it requires a stout stomach to digest our fare. But nobocy complains, and the posal bility ef not doing what we have set out to do, has never entered the minds of my party. We travelled five miles this afternoon, with the Indians at our heeis, shooting arrows at us every moment. August 16th.—travelled ten miles east amongst moun tains, where we found water, grass, and timber in abun- Gance. Indians arouad us allday, shooting arrows. I omitted, in the proper place, to say that I brought away from "he mountains we passed through on the 10th, a Kittle black sand, less than a cupfull, and found init on washivg, twelve or fifteen particles of pure gold. Aug. 16th—Made ten miles east and found no water; plenty of grass and \imb:r seen on the mountains north of us. Indians still numero troublesome. To day met with copper in very great quantities. A vein of the pure native metal, about an inch anda halfin diameter, was seen sticking out from a rock, which must have worn | away by time and left the copper exposed. I think thee is gold in the ore, but am not certain, Our condition at present is bad enough. I have eight | wounds upon me, five of which cause me much suffering; | and at thesame time my mule having given out, I have to walk the whole distarce. Thirteen of us are now | wounded, and one issick, so that we have oaly four men | | | | | | in good health. We are unable to travel faster, on ac- count of Adair’s concition. Our canteens &c., having been broken and destroyed in our fight with the Incians, we cannot carry water enough for more than half a day. This loss caused us to suffer more than ean be ,imagined. Our animals are broken down by this travelling, which could not be avoided. We would come across an abondance of water every day if we could march some twenty-five or thirty | miles, but our condition is such that it requires three days to make that svall distance. In addition to all this, we are now on half rations ohorse meat; and I have | the misfortune to know that it is the flesh of my inestim- able mare Dolly, who so often, by her speed saved me from death at the hands of the Indians. Being wound- | ed some days ago by the Garroteros, she gave out, and we | are now subsisting upon her flesh. | Aug. 1ith.—Moved to-day about ten miles east, over | & country rather rough. Suffering much for want of water. In crossing mountains we have to select the | highest places instead of the regular pasees, as when caught in canons or gulleys we are not strong enough to fight the Indians. ‘To-day, from the top of a little moun- | tain, Lsaw the grout valley, so often mentioned, extend- ing to the Col rado, not over twenty miles smth of us, +n it now seems toturn more to the east. lintend to make for it. lentertain fears that Adair and Basker- ville are in dapger from their wounds; all the others are getting better. Aug. 18th —Moved only five miles south of east. Found water, grase ard some timber. Avg 19.--Went five miles to-day in the same direction as yesterday, and came to the great valley that exteads to the Colorado. Encamped on a creek of good water and Acair being sometimes unable to travel, we are zonhin. Odians around vs shooting arrow: ver return their fire without being certain of oar shots. Avg. 20,—Travelled twenty miles east, over a level, gra- yelly country; crossed a creek; found god grass; no tim- ber in sight. Aug. 21.—Moved ten miles east, over a level, gravelly country, an¢ struck @ large stream, which is, no doubt, branch of the Gila. The mountains to the north of us | are very rough, and without timber ere ir no grass on thestream, which is thirty yards wide, with three feet ofwater in the channel Its coarse is from north to sonth. Avg. 22—Made ten miles southeast, to a mountain. | Country level, and without grass or timber. | Aug. 23.—Mored about the same distance and inthe | tame direction, over a low, gravelly country. Struck a stream of good water, but without grass or timber. Avg. 4.—Went about eight miles northeast and en | camped in the mountains, where we met with the Apa: | ches Tortos. No timber seen to-day. | Avg. 25—Cressed the mountains where the Apaches Tontos live, and found water, timber and grass in abun- dance. Travelled fifteen miles northeast from the top of | this mountain from which we saw the Sierra Blanca | mountains, which are near the Puebla of Zuni. Saw a prairie extending from the east end of the rotero mountain to the upper end of the Sierra Blan Garrotero mountain; but we were not ina condition to examine it. Fifty miles is nothing with good animals; but ours were broken down, and our wounded men were unable to travel over ten milesa day. But I saw the country sufliciently well to convince me that there will be no obstacle whatever to the making of a rail or 2 road. The mountains which we crossed to-day are im- practicable for either. I should like to return to the east end of the Garrotero mountain, and pursue the route indicate; but it is utterly impossible to do so, as we are now living en berries and herbs. We would rejoice to have mule meat; but we have so few animals and so mary wounded men, that it would be unsafe%o kill any more. T have the good fortune of having true men witl me, otherwise it would be uncertain that the party could get through; but I have confidence ia my men, and I feel positively certain that we will make the trip. It will take us some ten or twelve days to reach Zu where we expect to procure provisions. I shall travel near the mountains, as heretofore, on account of the nty and facility of getting water, but shall remain in sight of the prairie extending from the Garrotero to the Sierra Blanca mountain. ‘Augus;26.—Moved ten miles east northeast, most of the way along a creek, where we found grass in plenty, and some timber. The Apaches Tontos are numerous be bei apa art rt rossing Aug. 27.—Made fifteen miles east, c1 two streams which are branches of the Gila. We met Indians today’ who, I think, are not Apaches Tontos, as they do noi speak any Spanish, and refused to answer our questions. obtained from them over fifteen hundred dallara werth of gold for a few old articles of clothing. The In- dina wee gold bullets for their guns. They are of differ. ent Fizea, and each Indian has a pouch of them. We saw an Indian load his gun with one large and three small bul- lets to shoot a rabbit. They proposed exchanging them for lead, but I preferred traJibg other articles,” Whether the Indians made these balla theraselves, or whether they were obtained by the murder of miners in California or Sonora, I'am unable to say. Ang. 28.—Travelled ten miles east over a good coun- try. met with more Indians and traded for some horse meat, by giving articles of clothimg in exchange. W. traded also fer a few hundred dollars worth of go day a mule broke down, and an Indian me lump of gold weighing « pound and a half, less one ounce, The Indians are so numerous that they would destroy the party if we allowed them the leastchance. But we are very vigilant, and felect camps on elevated places; consequently we are unablejto make any exominations for gold in the sands of the country. The Indians call them., selves Belencis. Aug. 20.—Travelled some twenty miles in an eastern direction; the country quite level and the land good, with plenty of grass and water Ang. 20th—Travelled to-day about fifteen miles east, over a country a little broken. Water and grass abua: ant. Aug. Slst.--Moved about twelve milea north of east, over & country similar to that cf yesterday, Found , grass and pine timber. ‘Travelled fifteen miles over a country a l¢ broken, and well supplied with water, grass and timber. Sept, 2d.—Travelle a the same distance northeast to the Sierra Blanca, Followed Indian trails all day, and found grass, water and pire timber in great abundance, and most of the soil ix of a suyerios quality. Sept. 8d.—Pursuing the *eme course, we travelled some fificen miles smong the same mountains, To-day wa passed through valleys of good soil, and we found the pine timber in greater abundance than yesterday. The treee are generally from two and o half {9 fire feet in di- ameter and over two hundred feet high. We have seen timber enough to-day to make a railroad from the eastern States to the Pacific. The ynssea throuzh this mountain are level, and can be travelled by wagons withoat any difoulty whatever. Sept. 4.—Made twenty five miles northeast, cros-ing the Co orado Chiquito after travelling two miles, The land is Jerel and and water and wood are plenty, Sept. 6 de twenty miles northeast, and got out of the mountains, after travel ing five miles. struck the prairie, where we found good soil, grass and water. fept. 6.—Cortinuing northeast over a good and level country for twenty five miler we reached the Indian | Zuni is about two hundred miles. He Met Wit A boepitable , Mlb apd civilized abundance of good from whom we obtained am over which we greatly re We have subsisted fer & month on mule and horse flesh, and for the most part of that time on half or quar- ter rations. But as have reached this place with all my men, I feel satisfied. Ishall take no notes of the country from thia town to Albuquerque on the Rio Grande, as ® level and much travelled w: road exists between the two places, and is familiar to the people of New Mexico. It has been described by others, and is well known to pre- sent no difficulties to the construction of a raliroad. Sept. 10.—At Albuquerque, New Mexico. Before laying aside my penell for the use of which 1 have no fancy, shall vn a few ideas that are now prominent in my Toot outs in the Grst pla simp! set out, in irst place, upon this journey, simply to gratify wy own curiosit Pys the practicability of one of the much-talked of routes for the contemplated Atlantic and Pacific Railroad, Having previously travelled the southern or Gila route, I felt anxious to compare it with the Albuquerque or middle route. Although I cor ceive the former to be every way practicable, I now gi itas my opinion that the latter is equally so, whilst it has the additiona! advantage of being more central and serviceable to the Union. I believe the route I'travelled is far enough south to be certainly free from the danger of obstruction by snows in winter. The route ingl) its dength, mer be said to pass over & high plateau, or generally level country, for the most part thickly studded with prairie mountaios, or detached elevations, seldom Fo linked together as to deserve to be called a chain of mountains. Numerous mountains were at all times in sight; but being for the most part isolated peaks, adetour of a few miles would always superseda the necessity of crossing them. To the south of our route from the Great Colorado to Zuni, the country was more level than on the north, and for the greater part of the Cistance a valley extends nearly due east and west to the Colorado. The ¢xistenee of so many mountains along the way must be considered, in reference to a railroad, as a very fortunate circumstance, instead of a Cisac vantage, as it is the moantains alone which furnish the timber and never-failing water. The plains are only deserts and bar- ren spots, if they are to be called so after the fashion of the day, whizh exist ip all that vast region of counter which liee between the Gila on the south and the Britis! possessions on the rorth, and the Rio Grande on the east, and the Sierra Nevada of California, on the west. The plateau, or table lands, must of course furnish the track upon which the read is to be laid; but the mountains acjacent must furnish timber to make it, and the water for the use of men and animals employed in ita construc- tion, and for the use of the depots afterwards, Itis well for the country over which I passed that these mourtains exist, as without them it would be in reality one vast ard repulsive desert. It would be a dis advantage for a raiboad to have to cross them, as, al- though not difficult to cross, it would much increare the expense. But I saw nothing that rendered it at all probable tat they would have to be crossed. On the contra’y, Iam satisGed that a railroad may bo rua al- most mathematically direct from Zuni to the Colorado, and from thence to the Tejon Pass, in Califoraia, Toe rection from the Pass to Saa Francisco should leave the Tular lake to the west, and should pass through the coast range of mountains, say in the neighborhood of San Juan, and thence to San Francisco, and by a branch to Stockton. The west side of Tular lake is unfit for a road, on ac- count of its miry nature. The section of the route from Zuni to Albuquerque is plain sailing. That from Albu- quergque to Incependence, to St. Louis, or Memphis, is equally plain, by two or three well known passes through the Sancia mountains, which lie east of the Rio Grande. Certain slight deviations from the track which I pur- sued woul- improve the route. For instance, it would be better to leave my trail to the north, at» point say one hundred and eighty miles east of the Sierra Nevada, and intersect it again some fifteen miles west of the Colorado On the east side of Colorado the road should pursue a di- rectly eastern course for seventy-five miles, and thence take an east-southeast course for nearly two hundred miles, at the foot and on the south side of the mountain inhabited by. the Garrotero Indians. Thence northeast ty teen miles, in @ prairie between mountains and a réfge of mountains which seem 10 extend to the (ila. From this point the rosd should run easterly to the Gulo- rado Chiquito river, and thence northeast to Zuni. The Gistance from the end of the Garrotero mountain to This route, as I indi cute it, will pass at all times in sight of my ‘trail, and throvgh ax practicable a country 4s apy railroad route of the same distance in the United States. The proposed route by the Sangre de Cristo, north of Taos, I take, if practicable at all, io be very objectionable on account of the vast elevation: the road mast ascend to and the large quantities of snow which fall and remain there so eo! during the winter months. This route has also the additional disadvantage of crossing two rivers, the Grand and the Green, either of which would be aa costly to briige as the Colorado. A route has been somewhat spoken of just north of the Gila, with the view of having a route wholly on Ameri can ground, This, I am satisfied, is altogether out of the question, on account of mountains alone, if no other ob- jection existed. The Gila route proper, passing in part through Sonora is objectionable on several accounts, be- sides its situation. In the first place, there Ix no timber upon the plains, nor upon the voleanic mountains that are along the way. A considerable part of the route, toe, lies over a coun- try destitute of vegetation, which, when dry, is a white powder, resembling flour, in which the feet of men and arimals sink several inches. This same clay, when wet, is the most treacherous of quagmires. Some parts of the road are also very sandy. Don Ambrosio Armijo, who took sheep to California last year, lostas many a8 eleven hundred among the sand-bills west of Colorado, by sink- ing in the sand, and being run over by those behind. Another serious objection to the Gila route is the great desert which lies west of the Colorado, and has an ex- tent of 100 miles without wood or water. I have no interest in recommending one of these routes wore than another. I tcok sheep and wagons to Califer- nia last year by the Gila route, aod I am about to return that way to California again with’ sheep. Upon the route which I have just travelled I eacountered many hardships and dangers, and wet with serious pecuniary loss; yet Lay it is the best for a railroad, and would be excelient for ordinary travelling but for the Indians, A large portion of the trail over which I passed—say some two hundred and fifty miles west from the Rio Grande— is, for the most part, admirably adapted to farming and stock raising. The Gazelte sayx:—Mr. Aubry will start in afew daysons return trip to California, He drives some twelve or fifteen thonsand head of rheep. . We understand also that several other citizens of our territory will accompany Mr. Aabry—among them Don Jose Francieco Chaves, Judge Otero, Don Francisco Perea, Mr. Montoya, and others. The party will drive out, in all, upwards of fifty thousand head of sheep, and we re- gret to learn that among them will be a large aumber of ewes and stock sheep, We have said on a former occasion that it was from the ale of sheep end wool chiefly that this country is destined by nature to derive her wealth in future; and we doubt the policy, therefore, of our farmers parting with the few stock sheep that now remain in the coun- try. The sheep driven from New Mexico this year, if sold at | the prices they have heretofore brought in California, will yield over half million of dollars. If the territory was ‘as well stocked sith sheep as it was twenty years ago, a hundred thou-and could be annually sold, which would yield our citizens the handsome little sum of eight | hundred thousand to @ million of dollars each’ year. This fact alore should admoni-h our farmers to be cautious how they part wifth the few stock sheep they mow have. Additional from Mexico. OUR MEXICAN CORRESPONDENCE. Muxioo, Oct. 18, 1853, The Mexican Mail Route—Politics—T he Merican Government and the Aspinwall Line—General Gadslen—The Jesuits, de., de. As the mail is about leaving, I have only time to drop you these few lines, to say thatall is in slatue quo here since I last wrote you. There has not been anything done with the Vera Cruz route yet. Reports say that one of the applicants was put out of the President’s palace by the Governor for his impertinence. His chance ix but small for the route. There wax some difficulty, a few days ago, in the minis- try, which may result in no favorable manner to the pre- sent administration. There have been very heavy taxes put on almost everything, not equalled in any part of the wor! irs. Howland and Aspinwall have been compelled to iy, the $40,000 tonnage duty on coal vessels at Acapulco. it is reported that their steamers will not touch at that port any longer than to consume the coal they have there. General Gadsden and legation were at the bull bait on Sunday. by tore Jevy will leave ina couple of days for Vern Cruz, Alvarado and Huatulco, with his engineers, who have been at work on the Vera Cruz route, making « preliminary survey. The Jesuite are again making rapid progress here. GLOBE, NEWSPAPER ACCOUNTS. [From the New Orleans Picayune, Oct 27.} It must be admitted that the search after news from Mexico since the interdict upon the press of that country is the ‘pursuit of knowledge under difficulties.” Howey. er, among other items, we give the follot 1—The President, by a formal decree, bas prohibited even the making of caricatures upon bimself "or his Ministers, whieh is a further grievance, since we opine that if thei features “would take any other shape’ than that bestowed upon them by their mothers, they would sxes8 a more pleasing political and historical aspect, he press of thst “conservative” republic in in a state of constipation which causes their unfortunate readers ‘to burst with isnorance.’’ We, too, are the suferers since we must find out what is going on in the “magnanimous nation,” and yet they will mottell us, It is to be hoped they wili soon charge for the better, aad become more s0- cial and liberal, 10 Cuba, Russia, Turkey, and some other civilized countries which may be found’ in overhauling their geography. There is one thing certain, that if they willoply let us know what they are doing, thinking and creating, we will stipulate that no other aation will steal apy of their bright conceptions, to take out a patent or copyright and ‘claim the authorship or invention, We will pny all damages, if that is all. Diogenes, with lan- tern in hand, had not move difficulty in finding an honest man than we, with spectacles on nose, in finding infor- nation from Mexico. Mr. Micawber’s peculiar preasure of pecuniary liabilities was nothing to what our indebt- edness ix to our readers for Mexican newa; nor do we see how we can discharge it, unless something unexpected “turns up," or the government turns over, The last news from the United States had caused some ren-ation in the government. It appears that the pro- cercings of the dinner given to General Pillow in New York, had been deapatehed by a xpecial courier from Vera Cruz to Mexico, although the California express mail reaches Puebla in twenty-four hours, and always carries the government Cespatches. The’ speech of Geuerel Curing was carefully rend by the President. The At torney-Ceneral ways, his epeech, that the treaty of Gua alupe Hidalgo wa: a bad one; that we ought to haw Chivunhua and Sonora, for railroad and other purposes. This has made Santa Anna furious. He ts said to nave caught bold of bis bair with both hands, and exploced brome of Lix ueual compliments on the progressive’pa tion. Even the American Minster was not spared in his wrath. He swore that General Gadsden's slowness in arrenging the difficulties about the Mexican boun tary “was all @ trick to gnin time’—that “the Americans warted the whole country. It seema that the American hae the cards in bis ove bande, and wuderstauds . | cout | tisement in Anglo Saxon the game. Santa Anna will give up the Mosills Val sonia ge a ose ifalo afreld of the eae eee jem, who will make ony le § cry sqainet wants money a4 muc! as Mr. Micow “insulted” with the offer and has no objection to be Cingalted’ Jer ol the dollars. But he despises ickery ai cheat 4 ashamed of himeelf ‘when General Cashing ought to be the matter is in such honor- able bands. inb version of the difficulty between the gov- ernment and the Mivister is that a treaty was made with Spain, under the last administration, called the Spanish Uonvention, whereby some Spanish subjects had certain claims ed, and an agreement on the rt of Mexico to pay them in installments. Santa Anna Pine refased to carry this out, and wants them to take tiators perpetrated « fraud, and that the whole business is dishonest. The Spanish Min- ister replied that it was very strange in Santa Anna to stigmatize the gentlemen who framed the treaty, espe. in ily as he has appointed one of them Minister to France, Rother to the Supreme Court, and the third Ceaneillor of State. As the matter could not be campromised, the min ister declared bis mission at an end, and suspended his functions. Another story goes that the wife of the Spa ish Minister is sick of Mexico, where there is no sosiety, no balls, op-ras, suppers, &2, to keep people alive, and make them “generally useful.”” She is bont on apening the winter in Havana, and hence the minister has exceed- ed bis instructions “to please the ladies.” Another rea- son for the Spanish Minister’s displeasure is at Santa An- pa added, but we need not repeat it. The explanation iven by the government is said to be very clear and satis. factory. ‘The Diario Oficial states that:— Letters have been lately received from New Orleans, which fey that the business of the @ehuartepec is finally settled, and the draft accepted by Slob will paid as soon As sented at the house ged with t ir, It i also said that #8 soon as the United States Cougress assembles the President will lay the treaty before the Senate; and further, that Elco is now ready to spend $HH),00) in commercing the worl Th The department of Guerrero has communioated to tho go- vernment that upon the banks of the Papagallo river, near to Acapulco, old placers have been discovered. This nows has caused great sensation among the inhabita ats, and nume- rovs “caravans” have started {rom various places to explore the new Bl Dorado. It was only # few weeks ago that placers were reported in the same State, on the river Mescals. If thexe reports be true, there are two placers existing on the route fron Vera Ctuz to Acapulco. ‘The Siglo also publishes a memorial from the princips! inhabitants ef Acapulco to the government, having for ite object the improvement of the health and commerce ofthat port. The Universal states that Rafael Rafael, one of the edi- tors of the same paper, bas left to take charge of the Mex- {can Consulate at New Orleans. It ia a wonder, afver the ecnstant editorials on the United States, in which we are treated as outside barbarians, that the editor who wrote the articles would trust himself among such savages. Have we a ger tleman among us? The Orden publishes a lotter, said to be written by Santa Anna, relative to the exiling of Suares Navarro. The other Papers copied the saine, and as there has been no denial of the authorship, it is no doubt genuine, It is somewhat surprising that Santa Anna would condes:end to make ex- planation. ‘The times must be out of joint. Navarro wanted to be mace Minister of War, and when Alsorta was appointed Navarro wrote a spicy letter to the President, charging him with ingratitude, &c.; to this Santa Anna’s letter isa reply. The fact is, that Navarro was turned out of office by Arista for disrespectful language respecting hhis measures and the style of hie orders. He then became a friend to Santa Anna, and now, because Santa Anna has treated him as Arista treated him, and for the same cause, be accuses the President of ingratitude, The Trait d’ Union has the following :— Tux Port or Vera Crvz.—A correspondent from Vera Cruz writes to us in great spirits about the Prospects of that ort. The harbor is now full of vessels, bringing merchau- ise from Europe. A large number of diligences have arrived for the Mexican Ocean Mail and Inland Company, who are establishing their line to Acapuleo, and upon which less, alleging that the ne iglo says:— | they aro now carrying their mails to the Pacific in three days. Tbe Nenuphar is expected daily from New York with sixteen more diligences, and other ar- for the same line, But the most encouraging cir- ce of all, is the ner Texas entering the port heavy norther was blowing—s feat unprecedented Steamers or sxiling vossels. It has always boon that a steamer could not enter the harbor ina either by suppos | Bo.ther; and the assertion of Col. Ramsey, that he could the mails in ® norther, was as much doubted as that he carry them to Acapulco in three days. Both asaor- tions, however, have been verified, much to the gratification of the people of Vera Cruz. Letters from Acapulco state that the steamer Oregon touched there on the 2d instant, having been detained by an accident to the Georgia on the Atlantic, and took for- ward the latest dates by the overland Vera Cruz mail, with despatches from New Orleans to the 14th September. This mail had arrived ia Acapulco on the 2ist ult., and remained in Acapulco until the 3d inst., twelve days lost by the steamer not connecting. The Universal has the fullowing specimen of an adver- peo The better of the english litterature is always monthly re- ceived in the English circulating Library opposite the old Pest office. The Aztecs reed some Yankee schoolmaster. New Orleans papers of Friday contain further Mexican advices which state that General Gadsden is getting along smoothly with Santa Anna, It had been agreed that nei ther American nor Mexican troops shall occupy Monilla Valley while negotiations are pending. Good feeling is represented to prevail towards the Unit ed States government. General Almonte and the New Orleans Vol- unteer Grays. HIS CHARGES OF FILLIBUSTERISM AGAINST OUR GOY- ERNMENT REYOTED, We wero visited yesterday by Mr. Thomas Lubbock, of Houston, Texas, who called for the pucpose of correcting some misstatements which were made ia the letter of Gen. Almonte, the Mexiean Minister ai Washington, explana tory of the course of Gen. Santa Anna. In this letter, which was published in the Henan on the 10th of Octo- ber, he complains of our government having permitted the o ganization of volunteer forces in the United State. or the express pur pose of extendiug the limita of Texis ven after its annexation, and a: a proof of this he give the mames of the officers and men composing a company called the ‘Texas or New Urleam Volunteer Grays,” which, he says, were allowed to depart for Texas, in 1935, in di- rect violation of the proclamation of Governor White, of Louisiana. The following is the statement of General Almonte, the truth cf which is denied by Mr. Lubbock, one of the members of the company allude: to, and who is well acquainted with all the circumstances :— “The President will thus perceive that Mexico was fought in Texas, before the annexation of it by the same ‘“volun- teer’’ fcrce which, after the annexation of it was employed by himself to ertablish and extend its limits, The same volunteer force, after combatting Mexico, on being re leased of goverrmental command by the instrumentality of a treaty ostensibly entered into to “establish pence,’” is now, in the face of that treaty, about to re-enter Mex- ico to continue the war jis peace '] on private account, in the full expectation of getting ultimately patronized and paid by their government for all their successful war acts. Now, the real facts of the case, according to our infor- mant, are simply as fol'ows:—The company emigrated from the United States in 1836, and did not, as Almonte leaves it to be inferred, march in a body, armed and equip- Rees for the declared and express purpose of wresting 'exas from Mexico by force. The government, therefore, had no right to interfere with their movements when it had no proof which would justify it in detaining them It was not till after their arrival at Velasco, in Texas, that the company, consisting.of about seventy men, was organ- ized. This took place in October, 1835. From Velasco they set out for San Antonio de Bexar, about two hundred miles distant, and srrived there after a march of about thirty days. On their arrival they found the town in the possession of brother in-law of Santa Anna, who then exercised dictatorial sway over Mexico. Gon. Cos had under his cammand a force of about two thousand men, while the American or Texan forces did not exceed six hundred. Notwithstanding this disparity, the Texan ‘eneral, Stephen F. Austin, well known for the premineat part he played in the war, resolved on laying siege to it, le had already commenced the attack upon it before the arrival of the New Orleans Grays; and on the llth of December it capitulated. The garrison was allowod to retire to the other side of the Rio Grande, about two hun- dred milon distant from the city. After leaving a force of about thirty or forty men—which was subsequently in- creased 10 one hundred and eighty, all ucder the com mand of Col. Travis—the besiegers. marched to Goliad, about one hundred miles to the southeast, where they re- mained a week. They next went to Refugio, and took up their quarters in an old Spanish mission house, where they were jr ined by Colonel Fanning, with a Georgia bat. talion. The whole force now returned to Goliad, and had leen there nearly a month, when they recei' news of he entrance of General Santa Anna, with an army of nine thousand men, into Texas. The firat point to whic the Mexican General directed his march was San Antonio de Bexar, now in [pent of an American garrison. Finding however, the inadequacy of his force to defend the whole town against such overwhelming numbers, Col. Travis resolved on cceupy ng & fort in the suburbs, called the Alamo. Here he held out for » week, and it was only when his men were #0 wearied with fatigue that they fell ore? on their posts, that the fort was taken. [very man of the garrison was put to the sword, only one woman and a colored man. Vane iocae news to Gen. Houston, then encam ped at Gonzales, having been spared. Having but a very small force under him, and de: Wing to aug. mu nt It before meeting Santa Anne, he fell back on the Colo- rado to await the val of reinforcements. Santa Anna made three divisionso? hisarmy—one of which, ocmposed of about two thousad men, was placed under the command of Gen. Urrea, who pursued Col. Fanning, now on his way to Gonzales to join General Houston. The Americans, numbering four hundred and fifty men, were overtaken ona prairie, where, after a desperate conflict, which lasted from twelve o'clock in the day till night, they were forced to capitulate, They surrendered on th xpreas: condition that they should be treated ax prisoners of war, and were tiken to Goliad, where they were kept in confinement. About two weeks after their capitulation, however, they were marched out before the Mexican army, and shot down, in violation of the terms upon which they Surrendered. Among the brave mon who here met their fate were the members of tho New Orleans Volun- teer Grays, only three of whom made their escape. It ix needless here to detail the events that followed thie brutal massacre, Suflice it to say that the fate of our brave countrymen was nobly avenged by General Houston abont three weeks after, inthe ever memorable battle of San Jacinto, How ¢ilferent was the conduct of the Texan hero contrasted with that of tae Mexican Ciene ral under timilar circumstances. No massacre followed, although the provocation which the Texans had received would, in the mindy of some, palliate, if it did not jus- tify, retaliation. Here then, is the refutation of the charges made in Gen- eral Almonte’s statement. He says that ‘‘the same vol- unteer force,” alluaing to the New Orleans Volunteer Grays,” wh ch fought in Texas before the annexation of it, was employed by the President to establish tend its limits.” Yet this assertion is mace in the well known fact that at the time of the mas Gol ad Almonte was the private secretary and confiden- tial advirer of Santa Anna; and, being with him then, for he was afterwards taken prisoner at San Jacinto, ae must have known well when he wrote that statement’ that the whole of the “same volun eer force!’ was massacred, and could not have been afterwards employed in “ostabliahing ep, extending the limits vi Texas,’ ee ABRIVAL OF THE BLACK WARRIOR, One Week Later News from Cuba-Our Havana Correspondence. The steamer Black Warrior, J. D. Balloch, commander, arrived here yesterday morning, from Mobile and Havana. She left the former port on the evening of the 25th ult., and Havana on the morning of the 29th ult. On the 30th and 81st the Black Warrior encountered « very severe ‘‘norther”’ off the coast of Florida, ~ Our Havana Correspondence, Havana, October 27, 1858. More of the Slave Liberation story— Working of the Apprentice ‘Sysem—England’s Policy—Excilement Amongst the Plam- ters—Newspaper Excommunication—The New Captain Gen- eral—Additional from the Bull Ring—Spanish News Cuba, dée., de. By the American schooner Flying Eagle, which arrived on the 23d inst, from Mobile, we are furnished with intel- ligence that the treaty for the eventual liberation of the slaves of Cuba has beem signed and published, and the news comes in confirmation of what we know here, #0 that,we cannot doubt the truth of it, As to the opera- tion of the apprentice system for the first,thirty yeard, we know from the past what it will be if it can be continued without an effusion of blood. ‘The apprentices that reach the island, after having beem kidnapped or purchased from the coast, without discove- ry, will remain as slaves to be manumitted im 1800, Those that are discevered will be, of course, brought im honest traffic as apprentices, to be redeomed when they die or become useless from diséase, These things—these erasions of cruelty and hard task-masters—are probably anticipated by England, and provided by commission powers under the treaty; but until England has the abso- lute possession of municipal jurisdiction there Is no pes- sibility of exforcing any clause for the soourity of the ne- ero apprentice that will in the least contlict with the im- terest of the Spanish master. With a thousand multiplied officials, at a vastly im- creased oxpenditure, in the cause of humanity or ia the extension and enforcement of their peculiar policy, the radieal evil will immeasurably increase. If they can secure the »peace of Africa, burn down the old slave. huts, ard require, with every apprentice taken from the coast, undoubted evidence that he isa voluntary emt- grant, there might possibly be hope for the aegro, and hope, as well, for the future prosperity of this isfad. "Bo accomplish this in all time, under their own wi they have provided a happy channol-way for the nai wealth, for which they will scarcely deserve the thanks of their muccessors, ‘The information brought by the singular, coincident messenger bird, Flying Eagle, has staggered the ever faithful folks very much, to the al- most total neglect of prayer or labor for ‘their daily bread, and for two days we have had no other business te attend to. The ex:itement is deep and intense, and not caused by the immediate depreciation of their property by millions, which will teke place with the first in- treduction of free labor subjects, but the prospect of an inordinate increase of the servile population, beyond the wants of the inc ustry of the country, and im jeopardy of the safety and peace of the white population of the island. AndJ have heard uttered 1rom the lips of an old Spaniard, *‘that from the initiative steps now taken; in ten years there will be no possibility of contrel over the accumulated African stock, and that the whites will have ixevitably to yield to it, and must disap from Cubs, which,” he aid, ‘bad long’ been the palley of Kngland to force upon the bowed neck of Spain,” and as much a matter of calculation as any measure of their Eastern policy in the sacrifice of human beings to the Moloch, of their aggresive power, which could not, be counted, but estimated by the acres they covered, the floods they filled, and the tons opium consumed, Mr. Lorenzo de Busto broke upor our wonder with « regular order for interdiction of the London Daily News, for reason of calumpious assertion against the authorities and subordinate ofiicials of Cuba, implicating them in the obnoxious slave trade. We aro surprised, becauss we supposed that, as the suppression had.already taken place Of all the best foreign papers, that the formality of official announcement was unnecessary in this case; but probably it is intended as a particular compliment to ttat print, wherefore it ia possible their extensive steam presses stop immediately, Our expected slaver at Bahia Honda, or Cabanos, has not yet made her appearance, and as the owners have obtained knowledge of the clap trap proposed oy General Canedo, the scene of consummation will be changed, advice can be got seaward to her in the offing, as will be the case, for sbe will not run inland uatil ake has com. muticated with her agents. One ot the largest propose! propristors of apprentioss will rup but few vessela to return with the ‘voluntary emigrants, 'éas he prefers, after getting them safely to cover, holding them over for 1890, as they will bring @ much better price for the long than the short perl while it will give him and ‘his heirs some years more profitable business, by protracting the time and in- creasing the number. For twenty seven years, in aid of his mining and farming business, be can be occupied in getting the quantity of apprentices permitted to him, not counting the thousands he will bring for a longer em- durance of bis kirdness. When the thirty-seven years expire, his children, (if, of course, the game is not blocked by black action,) if heirs to the father’s astuteness, will have no old stock left of slaves. They will suddenly be- come apprentices, just brought from the coast, and have ten years of service yet over their heads. We are very wise in our day and generation. We are in expectation of our new Captain General, but who is not to come by ordinary courier. The Spanish steamer Blacgo de Garai, it is presumed, will let ux know who the personage may be, by a safe delivery of the new dignitary. The post seems not to be so much coveted as it wan formerly,under the fear that the perquisites will be ve- y much reduced by the freedom given tothe African slave trade, which in s0 obnoxious to Spanish honor after the pockets of the poverty stricken have been filled with the ounces with which our integrity has been weighed and paid for—not found war ting, never, for we take what we want. The filibustero bulls were sacrificed to public taste and patriotism last Sunday, before a most. enlightened Chris- tian company. Joining the Bebascoain—interapersed aa pearls in the dirt heap—were a few seedy senorits, who seemed passé. But I may mistake the effects of climate, and miscalculate their worth and their youtt. Some of the bulls raced round the arena under the infliction of the goading arrows, with Spanish bannors flying at thelr extremity, in blind rage, and after having pi the sensitive concourse in a perfect delirium of delight, were killed with artistic skill, when came such bursts of plaure, with showers of painted Papers and ribbons, su only as the genius of Mora could win from the a, of the sport. Other bulls, would not be moved by fire, the pimching dart; nor would they quail to the lancing oF the piercing arrow—very bullish filibusteros, thatthad ne frolic in their veins to be let for the gratifios- | Hon, of | the everduring passion of the Spaniard, I did not count the killed and wounded, but presume it may be told by six or seven bulls, and like s proportion of frame-works that had been horses in their day—aed frightened, by wounds not made, several of the most ex- | pert operators in the shamble lista, The news from Spain is all cn the state of the new || ministry—the prayers and robust health of the Queea— the absence of the Queen Mother—recall of Usneral Narvaez—and a few dashes at P. Soalé, per H. M, steamer Fernando et Catolico, arrived on the 2ith, wineteen days | from Cadiz, touching at the Canaries axd PortoRico, whieh | you have ‘ in extenso,” without the Spanish smoked glas-es, which we are obliged to use. 7 After permitting the burial of the Protestants, without | concealment, ia contrabaud of Heaven, we expect soon! to learn that camp meetiags will be allowed, and | fashiopable—such is the course of progress. ' We are call-| on Hercules without putting shoulder to the wheel our-| selves, and ro please, let us alone, wedded to our idol! Queen—“ God bless her.”” one, Havana, Oct. 27, 1863. Narvaes and Espartero— The Three American Sailors, de, |) ‘The news by the brig Flying Eagle, from Mobile » few! days since, has been somewhat startling to Spanish dig4 nity here, as the worthy Dons, wrapped in their hidalgal pride, had net dreamed of such utter subversion Spanish sentiment to the haughty dictation of British lion, and, swelling with rage they dare not tkey find no solace in the prospective degradation scothe the stings of wounded vanity, i) The report that s treaty has been signed between Eng? land and Spain has not been intimated by our papers but affairs of less immediate consequence to the islant have been dwelt upon considerably—the affairs of the Kast—and since the arrival of the British steamer Avon | onthe 24th inst., explanations of the new mini evolution at Madrid, glorifcations over the recal of Gen) Narvaez from his youthful studies at Vienns by the new ministry, occupy all the space that can for the be devoted to the people. | When orders come in official shepe we shall .emething of the Lord Howden treaty, and the weight | earons which have gubdued the stiff-necked 8; il ] will be duly embellished by Busto, for the general mation, and the dear people, to their surprise, Lapses. will be informed thst they have themselves been sory to the chains with which they are wrapped—to as swer and subserve the interests of British pofer, oy a rt. rt in favor of the main items of the treaty, rom a wel of interested persons, taken from midst who were designated in a list prepared at Our letters from Madrid intimate the recal of Genern Narvaez, as & premonition of return to the kindly fave of tke Queen and to favor, under the belief that his is th only intelligence adequate to the Stat ncion of tk it. je will not be likely to forget his covered di: grace; but with his far reaching ambition—touching eve the very crown of Spanish honor—he will mould hi tunes at the expense of bis country, even august majesty to put dependence upon of her creation. There is no doubt of the intelli, and the nerve of the man to be pat at the helm of Stal but in their secret hearts the people, as well as his and their mistress, ear him, which he will take f vantage of. General, Espartero is spoken of as being associated some new council formation with General Narv: which case the proud honor and honesty of the first: curb the vaulting ambition of the student soldier for advant of country. The news to the 3d from drid ano Cadiz to bathe babe ge ht have by the arrived 26th, must be om your desks. The news from Porto Rico by this steamer is uni ant; very little business doing there, no stocks on of consequence, but the prospects for the growing were very good. The thee American sailors are to have their and condemnation on Saturday. All right, I sw when they cannot pass a foot from their prison wi encountering those who have had no other than kidnapping negroea upon the coast of Africa, notorioas in the knowledge of those who condemn th This is progress backwards; but it will equatine iti by en? by, perhaps. ) Rave really nothing to write ab