The New York Herald Newspaper, September 24, 1853, Page 2

et | “T]HE STATE FAIR AT SARATOGA. \ pride, pomp and cireemetanse of glerieas wer’ are this Gay replaced vy the “ pride, pomp aad circumstance” of a glorious catile show; and imstead of thirty thousand Tho Farm, the Stable, and the Workshop. | armed men mingling in bloody strife om the field of battle, ADDRESS BY THE HON. WILLIAM OC, RIVES, OF VIRGINIA, Se, key” Kee Second Day’s Proceedings, BPROLAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE EL BagaToGa Sept, 21-8 P. Mt The second day of the State Fair is aver, and the afr: noon bas been & most beancitulone, Tne town is full of people, and visiters ore still arriving. Tae excarsion trains from Troy ere woll filed, and every part of the | country is represented. Professor Joho Wi'son, ove of the Royal Commissioners to the New York Exhibition, has arrived. He will deliver bis lecture upon ** Fiax, its Culture aad Preparation" before the sosiety, to-morrow evenicg. The genera) verdict of amatoura and connois- sours ix, that the Fair is aot equal to those of past years, ‘That of 1847, whiob w id im this town, was greatly superior. The falling off at this exhibftion is partly ‘owing to the heavy rain which has fallen during the past week, end partly owing to tne fact that not s sufficient amount of premiums were offyred. The show of fat cattleis meagre, but ‘here is some fise stock from Ken- tuoky. In continuing the subject of horses, which I commenced in my former letter, I will give you a report of most interesting trotting match which took piace on the Seratoga course todey. The attendance was large, and almost ail the show borses were on thetrack. I also noticed » splendid ‘far in had,” owned by Mr. Thomas Clark, of Saratoga. The race was for a purse of $250, mile heats, bet three in five, in harness, Whiid Day ac me State Falr, TRE FARM, THE STABLE, AND THE WORKSHOP. Sanaruca, Tharsday, Sept. 22 ‘Tho State Fair was thro open to visiters this morn- ing at 9 o'clock, ani the rash was very great, Tas out side shows were inarea-ed in number, and seemed ent. leas in varisty. The venders of soap, candy, parched corm and gingerbread, were on the grouxd in full force The ground all about the enclorure was alive with al; sorta of people, and some four or five thousand were ad mitted during the foreacon In continuing the sabject of horses, I will ssy that [ nave not yet ssen anything ia the way of splendidly matched pairs; but large acses siens to the already Isrxe number of blooded colts have ‘Deen received to day and yesterday. Mr, Peter Crispell’s chestaut stallion “Young President,” attracted consid- erable attention by his seautiful figure, high spiris, and fame action. He is a two year old of the Membrias aad Messenger stock. His dum was by Prosicent, and he by imported Alexander, and he is by Jefferson, Jefersom by Paymaster Memb:icv. Mr Taylor, of Essex, basa fias Black Hawk stallion, a two year old, The Vermont horses are ail very fine, obiefly Black Hawks. Mr. El- ei of Addison eoucty has @ good Biask Hawk twe | ‘4 aleo Black Hawk. “Fiyiog Morgan,”’ stallion, of the Woodbury Morgan . ls aloo here, with his owner, ‘Adams, of Beam ing ‘Among tho matehed pairs, R 4.6, & Co , New York city. heve a pair of pisbalds A Siskel tage kan Goorge Lashor, of Betiel” Atbany Ors < pra @ fine pais of par gen Bel five and six very large, spparently very si q ‘North, of Charapisin, hae a foe Sherman Black Hawk, eight years oid, by Vermont Black Hawk, out of s ian mare. Tuts is oue of the best of old Black Hawk's colis. and he has been in 349. He is matched to twot against Frank Pierce, in Bos'oa, six weeks from this time; Mr. Gordinek S.andon, Vt, shows w good pair I was strack with the , ‘that she will go low cewn in the thirties. Mr. Ameca Barton. of Washington county, exhibits « bisek three year old stallion Express Black Hawk; fine ry animal. Mc. Cragin of faliator, a bay stallion, seven years old, sired by od Sir Coar Mr. Rawsdell, of Shoreham, Vi, five lack Hawk stailion out of a Mor- mare. The horse Gepariment was perbaps the beat feature im the Fi 1. was the epestal ebjsct of aten- tion on the part of amatears and tu f men from all parts of the State and New Eogland. The large number of fine colts exhibited show thst ubere is no danger of the stuok of horses running out. CATTLE. As 1 have stated in a former letter, the show of fat atte is not up to osaa mark, eee exhibition is interesting from the large amount of imported stock which {a exhibited, snd which forms s cheeriag evidence of a worthy spirit’of emul and breeders. [he great feature im this branch of ths exhibition ie @ fine wan of en pairs of working 2x6n, and four poiss of stecrs, ali raised and fed ia Cayuge couaty, by the Mesers. Sheldon, who havea farm of three thou- sand acron. One pair of three yeer olda attracted par- WCWAF SUEDUON, BNE peveral igh uiters were made (or them ou the ground. They have not peea fed for fat cattic, but their weight ix near 4 000 Ibs. LG Morris, of Mount Fordham,sho stock, mostly Devons, the bert sot of ca ‘Be dicplays the bull Romeo, three years oid; a Devon ‘ball, two years; a Devou cow (very fine,) five years; Devon cow, eight years; and several calves of the same stock. This geutiemar is one of the best bresders and most bere “ay, Saw ia the Stace, Ir. E. Corning, Jr., of Albany, bas some good Devon stock, and his cow Victoria, extra stock, attracted mark. ed atten ‘ioe and edairation J.B, Tuckerman, Oceego, gave us a Devon bull, « splen- did fellow, two years old, fall of lite, and appsrentiy bere is & good eppcrtunity te be fall of mischief. J. H. Carewell, Oswego, showed a fine Devon bull. Both the last camed animals showed the full muscular derel- opemment for which ther breed has so long been distin. guished, and which has made it the favorite of farmers and breeders. E P. Prentice, Albany county, showed some good Ayr: shire stock—a three year oid Owl, a onezear old buil, one cow and bull calf. boom meer gd Brodie, Jefferson county, also showed Ayrshire stock. ‘ Mr: Finiay, Saratoga, shows two yearling heifers, cross between Dutch cows aud short-horns —capital catia. Hiram O'Harrey ef Cayuga, H folbacst, Troy; W. P. Ostrander, Sarstog» : Joseph “Haswell, Rensselaer ; Morris & Kecar, New York, aud Rober: Bonner, Oraego, all show ime Darham bulls, of undoubted pedigree and muscular eppearance E G. Alaep, Boston, shows a very large three year old i a jon on the part of farmers | we fee around us twice that number of the one sex ond otber, arrayed in the gay habilimeat ot pesce, and contending in frieedly rivalry for the prizes of succesful industry, “under their own vire aut fig tres and nove to make them afrsid”’ let us thavk God, and the noble ex- eitions of our gallant ancestors that this is cmp beone lot te-day—that we are pe wi-ted to excnange the swo snd the spear for the prucing book and the plouga aud in & better seve “to subdue the earth’ for the suste- nance, and not the deswuction of maa. This ts the holy avd beneficent task which the Founder of the Uai- | verse, when be created the heaveus and the earth. as old. Mr. Child, of Vocgenze-, haa a yearling stallion, | signed jo man. When he had «eparsted the earth from the waters under the heavens and commanded the earth to irg forth grass and every living creeure after his kind, and the waters to’: bring forth every moving cras- ure that beth life, and fowl that may fly abuve the earth in the open firmacent of heaven,” he invested wan with dominien over them all and bade him ‘ba freiifel ard multiply, and repiesish the earth and subdue it” We may say, then, without irreveren ‘bat the calling in which we are engeged, aud whose inteests bave brought us together vw-da: snd unobtrusive as it is in tte daily walk express appointment of God and universal employment of mon. From which our first progenitor was placed by Aimigh or and goodness in the garden of Sdeu, ‘to dress it and to keep it, ? and in which “all the feld, and every fowl of the brought before him, to be named by him which esch cne of us i+ now b allotted portion of the common in! every where and in al! time the chief occupation of the human family, The source of subsistence to all, and onpplying waterials for the industry avd employment of every other clags, it is thet on +hich all other human cecurations depend, and without which none of thea could for a moment exist. It ix not to be wondered at, then, that agriculcure has, in all ages of the world aud im al] countries, been a primary object of salicituds to the State ; end it is a circumstance worthy of remark, thet it bas ever received the greatest eneduregement, | ardattained ity higbest perfection in those States, an- cient and modern, which bave been most distinguished oy their free institutions, the maguitade of their power and achievements aod the gracdeur of their public poliey. Tha: ove of the States of xntiquity, to whom tt specially belonged, im the language of one of her own | poote, endorsed by h’xtor Kegere imperio povulds ————— que inponere morem, Parcore su et debellare superb: woe the one ‘% edcicted, by ber tastes and policy, to che erte of rural life, and she most distinguished for hor successful practice of them Her greatest geaerals and statesmen. her chief orators and posts, were farm 4re—not were fanciful or amateur farmers, as they are sometimes called, but real practical, pains taking, bardworkiag farmers; a¢ moch «0, many of them, as the most exem- plory of our Gemesee and Dutchess brethres here preseat tower: Circipnatus, quitting his plough at the summons of the Roma Senate, to lead the armies of the republic to | te, and returning tois with business-like alserity the mcment he had delivered bis country from her enemies, was in this but the representative of the prevailing habite and character of his countrymen. Cate, the Censor, by bis daily labors o@ his farm, aa well as by that knowledge of the art which has come down te us in hia work on the Kes Rustica earaed the title he bore, of the best farmer of his age. Curtius Dentatus, whose simple and patriarchal life in the cultvation, with his own banés, of his medest and vell ordered farm, in- spired by the virtuous emulation of Cato, was three times Roman Consul. and twice received the honors of s triumph, Of Regulus it vas recorded that he a:ked leave of absence of the Roman Serste that he might put his litte farm im order, after "be neglect it had suffered by his public avocations. Virgil, the prince of Roman poeta, as he has beew called, 091 mever have c mposed his immortal Geor; and raised » monuwent to agriculture, of rrhioh no other county or language can boast the equal, it his own training on the banks of the Miasio, in o! of bis paternal farm, bad mot furnished him for the ta: Cicero and Hortenatus, the great orators of Reme, if not farmers in no strict and practical a sense, were yet smit- ten with the genuine love of rural life, and their moble ‘villas at Tuscalum, Arpinum. and Laurentum, bear tes- timcny to their Lively sympathy in the raling taste of their countrymen. Cicero, owes s fami- ly same to on agricultural plant. im the successful cultivation of which it was the pride of some of his ancestors to have been distinguished, as it was ome, as the well known names of the. Fabii and Lentuii testify, to have derived theirs from # similar origin. such and £o great honor was agric master people of antiquity. If we descend to modern ‘times, we sball find it bas been invarisoly carried to the highest degree of advancement in those States which are the freest, the most powerful, and the most prospsrous. Among the nations of modern Europe, the foremost in these respects undoubredly is the land of our ancestors; and it ie precisely there on the thestre of the Oid World, thet sgricuiture has been most hosored and most im- proved. England Iam sware, is generaiiy looked upom 4s mainly» mentime, commercial, aad manufacturing power, It was the disdsiuful remark of her great Conti- Levtal antegonist, prompted perhaps, as much by hatred oud resentment, as by the coatemptuous feeliag of which he sesumed the tone, that she was a nation of shop- keepers. But muck es she bas been dsvsted to the pur- of commerce sud manufacturing industry, and s han been her success in them it yet is mot 2 tu their visible and imposing manifestations, if Tmey spesk froe my own impressicas, which strix the avtention and excite the adtatration of a stranger, bait 50 much as her agricultural developement. It is not tae Pharcicign cpulecee and luxury of her cities, naithsr the honest boast of some of the nobleat families of | Londow, aor Liverpool, nor Birmingham, nor Manchester, Devon ball, waich dees justice to tae reputation of the | most famous eaitie breeding county in Hoglsad. George Vail, of Troy, has » very large «tock of imported cattle, aed the produews of importaioa. His short bora talvar aud beifers are very fine spectnens, Seneca Daniels, Sarawya county, suows twenty yoke working oxen, well matched and even cattl L, H. Colby, Cayuga. bas some of the and shows # very fair lot of oslves and heifers. The Devon sick reexns to be tae favorite. Lhave seen but few specimen: of Ayrshire acd noae of Hereford The show of cattle was doubtless injured by the inciemency of the : On Thuraday evening Professor John Wilson, don, Agrienitural Comminioner co the Crystal P levered his lecture upou “Fiex its treatment, agricultural aad technics! ”’ in the First Beptiet Onuron, Thia \eeture is very long nad nas bven printed in book Fourte Day. ADDRESS OF THE HON. WILLIAM 0. RIVES. The address by the Hon. W. C. Rives, our late Mials- ter to Prance, delivered at tne show grounds on Friday, at 1e’clook, P.M. The rain and confasion has retarded ‘the Fair. MR. RIVES’ ADDRESS. ‘Ma, PREMDENT AND GexTLEKan— I should cons der it an edifying and not tnauspicious Giroumatance, if | were capadie of worthily fulfilling the task you have sesigned me, thst you have been pleased to summon me from my quiet retreat in Virginia, at the distance of five hundred miles from you, to adiress my brother farmers of this portion of ,tne Union in one of ‘their great annual assemolies. It is in itself an eloquent Proof that mo narro v Stste boundaries, no sectional desiz- nation, no “Maron and Dixoa’s line,’ oppose a barrier to ‘the sympathies snd fellowship of Americsn farmers, Dound togetuer by the ties of a common pursuit, and through that pursuit devoting their best energies of mind and body to the cultivating, efriching and adorning of a common cousiry. Ner is it the first time, I may be permitted to say, tha: & Virginia farmer bas had the honor of mestiog, ins common and cherished cause, his brether farmers of the North, on the spo wiere we mow stand, Gates and Morgan with their brave followers, were Virginia farmers whea, in the sutuma of 1777, on the plains f Sarstoga, they fought for ths liberties of America with Schuyler, Herkimer, Lincoln aad Starks, md the galant yeomsury they led to battle from the fields of Now Evgiand and New York. It waa the victory shea and here won, with the entire oaptare of the oppo ping army, which revesied to the world the irresistible Mhergies and the ultinare and inevitable triumph of American provens, sud led without farther delay to the conclusion of powerful foreign allianons, of which the ef. fect was only to shorten the period of the struggle, Tast feuittul victory was the work of American farmers, for ‘the hiswrian significantly record, that it was the neses- pairec to the field of battle, thet alone protracted tae fae Of the invader to the moment when it wse flonlly decided, fiaeh is the double and noble mission of the husbind- maa in a commuct)y jike that ia which it is our happi- (aves to live—in peace to till and render fruitful the poi), fa war te recone it from the spoiler aod subdue tas | Caemies of his country. The .cone which now greets our Glew, present, indeed. » striking contrast to that which Our fathers beneld here seventy-six years ago, and of whieh they wore themsslves the magna pars, No longer the steel-cled warrior rides along the banas of the Hud- fom ; mo mere the sharp erack of the nnerring weapon wiekled by Morgan's Eitemen om the one side, or the Basworing Ore Of the euriny's Grenadiers on the other, wy om the gohows of Suill water sad Saratoga Crook, Tue much 3 #e bear of them in our every-day world, which concrttute the genuine titles of her national pree ninenos, 1. is the Areadien beauty and fruittulness of ner country, adorned by the skiil and taste of the husbandman, an teeming with the riches which the persuasive hand: of rural Jabor wins frota the protiSe besens of nature, that forros ber true pr glo-y. Britons class, ia the ler guage and aocordio; 2 the ovscopte at tucie rural poet, ‘venerste the plo A taste for agriculture and the love of country life are the predominaat attributes of the rational character. Whetber a banker amaases a col- ofsal fortune, or & modest tradesman gets a littie before- ge! hand in the worid the ambition of both is to be a landed | Mr. Mechi become | proprietor, acd Lord Overstone aud eqoally the patrons and promoters of agricultural im- provements, The throne itself obeys the universal passion; tnd Lot to speak of the laudsble exampie cf the present | gg | ishes moat by the wide of ret Sly make ‘this, by an i aie er mean we mate Dar peecedul, Ces iny of a jcountry aboanding in cheap sud fertile lands, with « ravidly inc-easiog aad liberally ooa suming population at home, aud ga ex‘ending commeros with the rest of the world, to absorb its preductioas. Wale acricuiture employs, and must couttaue to employ, muck the largest partio iqwa labor, is contributes aso, dy ita annual products, wucd the largest smount to the sum of the national income aod wealth The whole snnual predusts of industry, of evary kid iu the Uaihae. States, im acd Syne pen gt bys learned ingenious statist, aor Tacker, in his Progress of the United States. , drawing lis couclasions from she docuwent to which f havajjast referred, at tue sum total of $1 063 134736 of which $654 387 587 were Gerived from egriculiure; $239,836.224 from msontac- tures; $79 721.086 from commerce, and balance from mipirg, the forest, and the fisheries compiaed, Far be is from me to refer to these statirtical do- tails im avy apirit of invidious compsriaoa, or for the purpose of derogating, ia the slightest dazrae from the relative value and Imporsance of the sister bracohes of the national industry, which are ths indis- pensable supports of » prosperous agrioult: Ts is to » | the manufactures and commerce that the agricultacist must look te give a marketanle value to all chat great mars of bis productions which ia not needed for his own cogsuwption, whils, at the sams time, it is by them that are supplied hia various additional wants with a “4 ‘cortainty and economy, which ensdie jim to devote his energies, without distracion and wih the highest effect, to his own proper calling. Hence it hax ever deen found that agriculture tlour and in reciprocal aud epon- taneous communion with manufactures and com. merce and ne State can be said to be fully coastitutei, in either « political or economical sense, till, ia the natural progress of things. it reste upon the triple alllance of all these arts of social sad civil 20d life. Feelicg, then. that every propitious’ oreeze whica fille ‘the salle of the merchantman, aud every profadle wa- terfa!l that turns the busy wheel of the mauu'actory but imparts a @ fresh impulse and offers a ao en+ Ouregement to the labors of the hushandman ; I beve referred to the comparative stavoments presented by our official statistics with mo view but to place before you in ita true light. as a great national in- terest, the simple and umpretonding pursuit in whieh you are engaged, and which, apt to bs overlooked in cite is0- 1 ted aud sequestered lives of its fullowers, can bs pro perly sppreciuted ouly by its coliective results Lookiog ‘a0 1t from this point of view, ali must ackao elsdge tha the m'smon of the agric e20n0my is one of great dignity and importsoc happily, never did tbere exist im any country bination of circumstances more favorable to tho bightat perfection and development of the art. Let us. for ® moment, compare his position hare with that of the agriculturist of Europe, Las: ere but few States in that querter of the globe in which the feudal system, which sucececed the fall of tis Eoman Empire, has not left profound and still abidiag traces of ita pecu isr policy with regard to landed pro2sr ty Ase conssquencs of that stave of things, this pur- tiom of the ovigipal inheritance of the human family re- wains in the bands of @ comparative'y small numer of | the proprietors. Ia Eogland. for example the actual eultivator and occupant of # fara is very rarely its owa- er. In nizety:nine oxees out of « hundred be is a tenant, frequently fo: hort term, and sometimes even qithout | the seeurityo’« lease It is no ia human nature, under such cizcumstances, that the farmer should be very so- licitous to make improvements, of which the chief | benefic may enure to another; and it is, iadeed, woader- ful and # fect most bonorabie to the tenant farmers of England, that in epite of thiy prevaiing dixeoursgement, | and that other oppr-ssive traditioa, which, ia the shape of tithes, subjects them to 2 taon to their skill, industry, aud expense io imvreve- wents. English agriculture uld be what it is, In tbe country which is separated from Engiand by « Darrow sea, and yet more by strongly contrasted na. tional charscter, ivatitutions and manners, the dis- couragements of ugriculture are of a precisely opposite nature, There it is not the monopoly, but the extreme and unvatural subdivision of landed ‘property and the diminutiveness of farm, almost to the verge of the in- finite divia:bility of matter that opposes the most sorious obstacle to the general progress of agrisultural improve- ment, What would we think, on this broad continent of ours, of » field measuring ore anda half yards by two, and a farmer owning and ouitivatinga sivgle fui row, and that by no means a one. And yet in Lorraine there are examples of the former attested by the authority of a get aud respectable sh writer, (Mons. Boso,) and Brittany the common name applied oy the peasant to his possession, is sllon, or furrow, and it is, in fect, often nothing more It ia estimated thet there are sbout 8 millicp ond # quarter of proprietors in France, nove of whom hold more than two neciares, or five acres of laad; and dividing the whole area of the couatry by the total | number of proprietors of every grade, the ‘avesrage size cf the farms is aoouteleven ands haf acres. This inor- dinate subdivision of landed property, encumbered, too, for the most part with hereditary mortgages | which have descended with the land from father | to ron, mutt, it ‘is evident, in mach the larger | number of iostarces, leave neither the space nor the capital necessary for an improved system of | busbar Tha: there are, notwithstanding. ex- | amyles of high and ruceessful farming in France, is only | & proof of the matioval genius for sdauniatrative organiza- | tion, and the application cf re‘ence to art, exemplified in | & pureuit where both ace+o important and so fruitfal. Let us pow turato the bappy and privileged pesition of | the American sgricuiturist. With but rare exceptions | be. is theo 5 woll ea thocesupier of thetarn he cult'vates. Iti his; and in toat simple word ars bound Up irstinctive and mysterious associations, which attarh him to it with tenfold power. tis his, aad his child. rn'aafter him, Tae l.bor be bestows upon it is a labor ct low les interest. Evers imprevement he makes enures bis own benefit and gratification, ani to the benefit ena gratification of those who are bearest and dearest to bim, This cherished possea- sion, too ts of ax extent suffic'entto afford the means for ite own improvement, as weil ss the comfortable muin- tenance of its owner, varying with the circumstances of ina loeality and tbe culture to which i: isdevoted. Tas proprittor is not wetherea like his beast, to a little spot of earth, to browse about, day after day, umd year atver year, im the same weary and restric‘ed round. for burdans ia propor- yean'y subsistence. He looka around him with ao erect’ coumrenunce and spirit, aud with conscious pride end gratitude, on re the com- mon inheritance. He has ampls space for the fell exertion ot all bis energies of mind and body. Returning from his daily tou, he nests at a board Prinee ccnscrt, who bas established one of the pest mo- | | Gel farms of England, it is weil known that our former | liege lord and master. George IIL. affected ro title more then that of Farmer George, and that he actually coatri- buted papers for Young’s * Aonals of Agriculture” un- Ger the homely name of Ralpn Robinson, (woich was that oA his bailiff) farmer at Winasor. I need not recall the long ‘ist of lusizious Englishmen and Setchmea, doth cormoners and nobemen, from Sir Authoay Fitzuer- bert, Justice of the Common Pieas iu the reign of Heary VUL, ard author of the first Engl#h treatise on bas- banéry, to Sir Job Sinsisir. the fciend aud correspon. deut of Washington, and sutbor of that great work, the “Code of Agriculture’ who bave sigaslised theic zeal and their services in the same favorite caus. Bat in glancing at this instructive list, I have veen too foraibi; etruck with the connec ton between Evgiish liberty ao: the English Jove of rural pursuits, not to veature te remark on that point. Bi in his letver to a of the French Nat sembly, in 1791, the ill :uccess of their efforts to found a stable aystea of constitutional Hoerty. to their never keeping tne holy rect of the Sabbath, und never enjoying the quiet of the county. He says: You never give yourreives time to cool. You never go into the country, soberly aud dispas- sionately to observe the effect of your measures on their objests.” That sobriety aod seimuess of mind, witaoat whieh the grave snd re-ponsible duties of freemen can bever be properly discharged, I shall not pretend to say in the exolusive at:ribute of tne country. But all will admit that the retirement of couatry life. and tts re- moteness from scenes of excitement, are. in s peculiar mepner, favorable to the trenquil and undisturbed exer- cire of the moral ond intellectual faculties of man Of this Burke himself was a most eteiking example; for it is the patriot farmer and philosopher of Beaconsfield, end not the orator of St Stephen’s. that al ea; term, both pr: apd theoretically, any one who will take the trouble of reading that most ad- mirable paper of his—"Thoughts and Details on Scar- city, presented to Mr Pitt in 1795, will be tnoroughty as Sided It exhibit. s mioute acquaintence with ail the eperations of practical agriculture, snd an exactness of observation and detail in regard to his owa system of hurbaudry which could be the result oaly of familiar yoo during the seven-and twenty years that he says ehad beens farmer. This is # part of the history of that extraordinary man, whose profouad political wis- @om and magnificent ¢lo once have bsea the admiration of the world, that nas nither o attr cted but iittie aten tion, but which. recalled «y the iocidental mention of nis pame, is not uoworuhy of rememorance here to day Indeed, I know nounivg in the bi-tory of the humaa pind more renmrkable thao that cmbieastion of aigh philo-opby in the most abstruse qae-tioas of Iegisiation fxd polltioal economy, with practical sagacious knowledge im the ordit converns cf human tife, whicn ine paper in question éxhibite, and one rises from iv perusal filec with species of amazement wt the cvumpaw of the homan faculties acd perplexed which meat to admire—the farmer--taterman, or ths #atesman farmer, If agricu!vus® hac been #0 much honored aad ated in other great aud powerful States distingatehsd by their free inativutions, it must be yet more so in this land of western Hberty and pregrses. Ia tne first place, taere f conntry in which Fo large & proportion of pepniation, enjoying com .evence aud possessing adeynsia means for the \iberai exerct- of the art, ar6 eagaged ia ‘the l«bors of agrieaiture Ia England, ascordiag to the most authentic statistical returns, somewbat loss theo one-third of the indus rious intabditascs of the country Sréeoemvloyed in Fiance, on the otaer hand. whers the subdivision of landed property bes beea carried vo a Very RYeat exten’. under she eocouregement of positive legislation, a8 well ws the inflasoce of raditionnl habits, it is estimated that two thirds of taa whole population we actually engrged or in ervered as Inudlords and pro prietors, in the pursuits of agrisulicuce Bat grest aa ‘ubty proportion is #06 eccom maied tm 40 macy cas io | that country with straivened resoarom which foroid so. flty of fixet gathering in their harvests, before they re. | oh foroid any general attempt at an tmopr ved husband y it is yet lov than the relative namber of our own people aho va py tha latest com plete date ta Our ponses-tou to be employed ia the operations of egreakare The full deta:ls of the cereus of 1850 pot baving yet been given % the pubis, we can only refer for infnmation ov this pola: to that of 1840, from which It sopeers that, out of th total population then existing in the U-iwd States of a 1 Dore than seventeen millions, aa sifective of 4.629 gu persons wan employed in the wits of sericulvare, mavufactares, and commerce, and of tha: number, 8,710,051 persone, or 804-10 cont wore engaged ia agriculture, 791,749, or 171-10 per cent, ia macalwo tures; and 117 607, or 2 6-10 per cent, in commer», ‘Though the-e proportions may have varied somewhat wince and wil dont continue to vary fa a greater or less degree from ume w time notiiog is more oer. tain then thst, fox ages to come sgriculture must be che Obosen onoups ion Of & large wajortt: of tbe repubdligan people cf Ame tca Tue vast extent of oor territory, ow pirotollng crowned with ndavee as it is prepared with nsatoe: & joyous aed happy family, to animate, aad whsn nec wary, are his labors; and over them alla govern- ment of equal laws to secure to exch the fraits of his in- Cestzy and skill, with neither tithes nor poor rates, nor opprérsive taxes to abstract acy portion of his earn- ings whiob be Goes not freely give. Let it not ba said there is wanting amoug us the spirit to improve these propitious circumstances, and to turo them to thair high- @st account. On the contrary, I fondly persuade myself that America, aa #he is the froest and best governs! | country urder tbe sua, 50 is phe destined to be the | best cuitivated and tue most highly improved Is thare | Dot 2 legitimate encour+gement to this arpiration in tue reflection that he who, ab.vo all others, was the success- ful asrerter acd founder of Americin liserty, was, a! the | came time, the wost zé-lous ps:ron aud promoter, of American agricolure. and whenever his bigaer daties to the country permitted, ove of it most earnost, faitafal snd untiring practical votaries, It any one who would wish to see how the wisdom, foresight energy, and vigt lence whien found and administer guvernwenta, aad con- duct srmies to vistory, can fied fall scopes for their axer- ciee in the managemeut aud sdministration of a farm, how | toe hada “which have held the seals of empire and raled the storm of migbty war’’ ad direst the jlough—iet bim read th pai ra of Wash- ton. Nor was his exswwpi followers among those sho succeeded bim to the eame high | sce da public trust sod authority ‘Ths author of the Declaration of American Independence gave + hia scientific wiicots and of eats of agriculture, by consiracting, according to strict mathematical laws, the mpalddoard of « plough of the least reristance, Was @ candidate before the Agrioul- turel Society of Paris, while he filed the office of Presi- dert of the United States, for a prise offered by that Jearned aeacciation for the most perfect model of this chief iretrument of the husbandmaa’s labors. and ‘tually obtained, if I mistake not the secoad prize, In an art 8 complicated as agriouliure, and requiring for its successful prosecution the union of rence with practi- cal judgment, and of souvd theorstical views with dis- criminating observation. the intellectual power of the country. as well ae ita numbers, must de largely enlisted to promise the highest success. Ia this respect as in others, the United States hare been eminently happy. A career inaugurated by the great vames of Washington end Jeflerson. avd illustra ed even in our own times by others, whose brilliant 1enown, now caponised by death, form the just pride of the countr; by the pames of Cisy and Webster, of Jaskaun and Ce howe —has not been Flow to draw to ita mid talents and atta pments of the highest orcer and of every diversity of character whetber prastical or scientific Bat thers is on portion of tue movtal resources of the country, more cbvicuely gud visibly conaeoted with the ops-a tions of agricuitare #biea it is impossible to pars by unnoticed on the present occasion. I refer co the ex'ra- croipary fecundity ard ingesuity of the American mind in every epeciee of mecda ica! contrivance. and aapact- ally thore intended to cconomise human lsbor, aud to erent its productive yowers. That cars is in’ a pseu. an Awertean attribute, is seenowlsiged by all suramer of 1851, you sent forth allaat litte America, to give a construction, under tae modest and inno A yaortrace to the oldest and most re- ecitinie power ia the world; nnd sines, fm the era) toe great London Exhibition, the Vir. | givis au Mary'sod respers teught the Faghoh farmors how to gather in their harverte with aa expadition eco py, Aud completen ch for haif a ceatary they been atten pric itin vain, under tue «tiaulas of | 8 Parliamentary re It is hardly posible to form | Ao adequate Conca rtion of the immen-e importance | to American agriculture of this peculiar eharacteristio of the aatioval gevias. Eyon in Eogtyd, where human labor is 0 cheap, it is estimated by the highest agricul. tural euthority of thateoontry, (I refer ‘o the p event able ond distinguished President of the Koyal agrical tural Society.) that by means of tha invention of pew im. | pewente or the improvements of cid oase, there has | beew elected within the last twelve years a eavicg of vesrly one haf ia the expense of ail tae princl pal | branches of Koglieh fom lanor, (See the co ort of Mr. Porey OH R.A. the Pre\dent of the Royal Commis. ston for the exhibitor of the works of industrf of all me: tious, op sgricultaral troplements) In this coantry, | shee labor is 80 auch rexvcer and dearar, the extent to | which the productive powers cf agrioullum, nited by the inventive gevins of our countryman, are likely to be yet farther inorsasea by tho jndicious aad more general Adoption of Inbor saving machinery, ae well as by prog ssaive improv ment of eericultarat implem geveral, ia que of the deepest interest, Ho pendent the labors of the hu-bandman are avon the ingenuity ené skill of the mechenteian is safficieotly ven" from the fact dirclosed by the ine ceasus that, mpertect es our joultaral eqnipmecta ia mony cases ore, there was yet invested tm the various deveciptioas of farting implements ard machine: in the Uol'ad States at that time, an sapregste caocltel of on hundred and Gfty one mutlilome of deliars As#ocisted with the fo- | i | tributes any new value, as that does in the aba: have shown ever expertence has demoustrated 10 be good aod valusbie im the Customs aud insucutions of other countries, aad -whioh could be advantageously ited to eur Own. The American mixd is inquisitive and eclectis, as well as Origimel and iuveative. Uur political institutions are, in @ great degree eoleciic, sor with much that is wholly or ginal and purely Ameriosn, devised by the witdom of our ancestors to suit our peculiar circumstanoss. there sre many thingy undoudtedly whish were suggested to them by the exawple of ths aacien: and modern repud- tics, as well as by the institutions of our fatoerland. Var pational population itsel’ is ecole ic, for however common it is vo speak of ourselves as Anglo Saxvas, it is impossible to igoore the many other aud imporcat ele- 1asnts thet enter into the composition of the great Ame- rican family. Se, too, our agrisulture is eslectic and our farmers are true practical eclectic philosophers, in ®ppropriating acd truorpl.oting here whatever “he sys tems of agriculture of other countries, aud their innproved bee domestic animals particularly, offer worthy of adeption. You. yourseif Mr. President have readsred important services to the country ia this line, end [* have not forgotten thet it was at a great cattle show ia Fnglaud, where you were patrictically employed in making selections of the finest saimals of that country te improve our native stocks, that! had the pleasure of first forming an acquaintacce which is ripened here to-day in our own happy iaod uader the beams of our glorious autumnal sau Uthers of our agricultural brethren of this and other States have been long and most usefully employed in enriching the couatry with ‘the choicest results of foreign breeding, aad their names, identided with » great national beneilt, ere famil'ar as household words in the calesdar of every American farmer, I shall be pardoned if im this connection I -npeak of # class of public servants who, in the upinion of many, are rather « superfious incumbrance upon the State, or at best “wisely kept for show,” but who, from the Opportunities afforded by theic pudlio residence abroad, have cometimes had it im their power to introduce vew and most valuable branches of husbandry from foreign Tt was Sir Richard Weston, who, the couvtries into their own. Fnglich Ambas:ador wo the low countries, two centuries ago, “introduced from Fisnders culture of that invaluabis plant, and the field cultare of the turaip Jord. Freuklio, freah from the field of culons effects, made plaster of Paris speak iteeif to che tneredulity of the Pennsylvanta farmora, by trsciog ite name upow their grasses 10 8 p)wder which, im a few short month, sprung up into a vazetadie alphe- bet chat one might run and read. Geaerai Husphcays, Minister of the United States to Spain, arouy tae com: rotnoement of the present contury firwt made kaowa to us by « large importation of his own, the value of toe Merino sheep which has since been « source of #0 much riches to this psrt of the Union; and your own Casneplior Tere ss Minister to France, about the same tima ob- tained from the Freach government, and sent 40 the United States, specimens e the famous Rimbouillet flock that may be considered the germ in America, of thove Frevch Merinoes which are now attraccing sach genera| attention. Having glanced ie a rapid, andi am sensible, @ very imperfect manner at sone of th) sircum- stances in our national situation and history, and also some of the attrioutes of the natioual genius and charac. ter that appear peculiarly suspicious to the progress of agricultural improvement ia the United States, allow me to say a few words on a subject of great practical com cermment to all who are engaged ia the pursuits of agri- culture—I mean ite fair aud iegitimate returas in the form of profit. Agriculture, as we speak of it here to day, is not a mee gored or amusement. It is a branch of the mations! industry on which a» large ma- jority cf the people of the United States rely as their iweans of support, and of bringing up and educatiag theic families. Iike every other banch of the national industry, therefore, it ought to yield an adequate return for the labor and capital employed in it. An opision as somehow or other, atrangely gained ground that the egrioulturist ought to be content with much smaller [aa than those to be derived fromother employments, cause he leads, it {a imegined, an easier and less labo- rious life, aud his pursuit ia suppored to be less lial hazards and vicissitudes. Whatever postical view: be entertained of « farmer's life by those who have never tried it, the farmer himseif kuows that there is no pur- suit, well followed, which demands more uutiriog industry acd more ceaseless vigilance, aud none more precarious in its results from the effect of the uncertainty site etre Au (aestne, atk aoe remarkable paper to which I hsve al luded, spesk- ivg experimentally as a farmer as well as froma wide survey of humazn life, says that ‘It reqaires ten times more ef labor, of vigilance, of attention, of skill, and of good fortune also to carry on the basiness of a farmer, tean what belongs to any other trade.” A famous achool of political philosophers, the French economists have contended that no kind of labor but that employed | in the caltivation of the earth properly deserves the name of productive, however usefal they may be inother respects. because mo other azecies of iadustry, over and. above the necessary expenses of continuing tale, hea rent to the mass of the national wealth. Acam Smith, tne great oracle of mcdern economics! science, while denying this doctrine of the French economists, yet maintains that sgrisulture is, in its nature, the most productive of all the branches of rational industry, adding.” to use his words, ‘‘ mach greater value to the annual produce of the Jand and labor of the country, to the real wealth and yevenue of ita inhabitants, than any way in which a capital can be empioyed.”” Without going so far as either Adam Smith or the French economists, the agrisulturist may at least claim [eee Borkem other pursuits in a tendency to promote the nat wealth, and fairly as- pire to & measure of remuneration for his labor and capi- tal, tobe by the same rules of proportion and the same ence of equity, Whether this messure has been yet fully attained in practire to auy coxsider- able extent, either here or elvewhere, ia, I apprehend a matter of great doubt. Stili the standard Lhe esc yin profit in some-parts of Eurcpe, where bots and capi- tal have been largely applied to the cul:ivation of iand, ia, I om | insagee? much bigher is gensral'y imsgined ‘ben that shall be made manifest, the Ameri: can agriculturist, epjoying eo many peculiar advantages in his position, will not, I trust bs content to reat in aa; degree below it. Kdiund Burke, writing ic 1795, end in that same representation to Mr. Pitt, which contains so much ma‘ter for the instruction of both the agrisulturist ardthe statesman says that ‘a tarmer ia sland who cultivates twe've hundred aces cannot proceed with any deg:ee of safety and effost with a sroaller capita) than tea thousand pounds, and he cannct, in the ord: course of culture, make upon that great capital of ten thousand pounds more than twelve han- dred a year.” This is a profit of twelve per cont. Sir John Sinclair, twenty-five years afverwards, speaking from reports made to the Board of Agricalture by fura- ers ip @ large number of the coanties of England that *‘ the profits of farmirg on arable farma rarely ex- ceed from ten to fifteen per cent on the capital invest ed,” which, it is added. are little enough, coasidering that employments re more subdjest to ities than farmirg, or require more unremitting attention, ‘These profits, too, it must be borne in mind, ure the pro fite of the venant farmer, after paying rent to his land. | lord, That the profite of farming in Eogiand have not | diminished since the time of Burke and sir Joho Sinclair may be eafely assumed, ard that they are not les; on the Continent in all cases where a like system of liberal and iatelligen: husbandry hss been steady pursasd, ad- mits of but as little doudt. The able aad expe i- enced director of the model farm of Grignon, in the neighborhood of Verza lies, (Mousisur Balla,) in- formed 105 @ few months ago that the egricultural profits of that evtablishment were fourteen per ceni; acd a6 it is the property of & joint stock company, and ail ita accounts are regularly audited at the close of the year, ‘there can be nothing of the vagueness of conjecture iu this result. I have desired to present these facts to your consi¢eration, and to that of cur agiioultura) brethren er because I am convinced that much mischief ‘been done to the cause of American agriculture by the erreneous notion that has 60 extensively prevailed fa regard to the natural and just rave of agricultaral profit, and which bas placed it, by some supposed an’ inexora- ble law of the social economy, #0 much below the protiis of other employments of iabor and capital—even ax low as twoand a baif aud three per osnt, Tne efferts and the energies of agriculturalists have, in too many instances, been dwarfed by the influence of this Tarn 8 dogma, We sve how little ‘oundation it has in principle or experiecce. In agriculture, as im all other pursuits, ia- Gusiry and rkill axe entitled to their reward, and perse- aly exerted, rarely fail to secureit. If the Eaglish make his twelve per cent, after paying reat to his laedlord, the American agriculturist, why, in majority of cases, is his own landlord, and in his rent, should make yet more. Let him alwaj before him the highest standard portion to the elevation of that gree and success of his agricaltural improve merts Happily there are living exampies in our country w +bow that agriculture, here ua elsewhere, may be made to yielda fair and adequate revaaue to those who are engaged in it. 2 must be adie to live by their caliiog, whatever it snd iu this age of ires competition and active industry, no business hat, in the rignificant language of the day, does not pay, can or Ought «0 be long pursued. It is Bat a poor and puerile ambitiva to be @ proprietor, unless one can mate his property avail for his support, and the support, sduca- on, and comfort of his family. To such of ui, there- fore, a4 may not have been equally fortunate in the cercer of ayricultare, itis # grest consolation and en couregement to know that there are thovs, and iu every pert of our great and bappy country, (Iam proud ty fay there #re such in my o#m Jtate,) who by their inday try aud phill, ibeir intelligence aud liberality, and a heppy combination of scieuce with judicio is practica, ave achieved the highest succass, “Tavir example is a beacon light to cheer and direct us. Oae of the most useful offices of Stato ngricultural sooieties, such ad that over whisb you, Mr. Pierident, have now the honor to preside, and which bas takea so nobie # lead in the cauee of agricultural improvement, is to make these guiding examples boown to all History bas been called philorophy ‘esching by example, Bat thers is no branch of human knowledge in which ao much is tavght by example as sgricuiture. The practice of the best farmers, it bes been well said by the leading egrieularal writer of Eogland, Mr. Pasay, isthe accumulated and varied woivoce of ages. Ac: knowiedging 1 do with gratitude, and in the most urrererved terms the obiigstions of sgricaltare to profescioal setence, I must yot say that farmers are in the main ube best teecoers of farmers, and that through the medium of agriculiual socieries wod agrioultural jourmels they have been crgtnized into a greet Lansas- trian ¢obool iv which the «y-tem of mutusl instruction bas received its bigns developement aad must asefal apploation, And when in this mutual trateraal sohool we rball have learned from each other the true secret of agricaitural sucoma, vo far ae it depeads on huraan ageroy—that to untiring fadustry must be added know. ledge, to knowledge ® vigilauoe Last like into every. Untog: to vigilance prompt activity that is ever befors. bond with its work, aud ‘has no sue day a9 %0 norrowin te calendar,’’ vo astivity » provident ani precisposing | forevight that “ban every bocy and everything ready in ia 108 place, prepayed to take ndvanvage of the foranate fogitive moweut,’”’ to foresight en iodomitable perasver 9 u06 that knows 00 discouragement, Dut, like taat son of the earth who is the true ty pa of the farmer, galne froaa otrength from every fell aad acquires mew vigor confliot with difficuities; and to perseveronce Aint f 8nd judicious Hberality, that dies vot withhold expense ehex it wil be retuned in abundant prodnotion and ane remeriveriag ‘there ia that ecatvoreth yet isorenseth there is that withhoiteth yonrive prwers of the Axertoaa mind, La anctaor trait @ the pationsl charsover which ha+ already exerted an) will combines to exert the most ferorabin (eflonene from, we to we, wad ombreaing tront7: | om tae pregroen of Arac.cum agrioulture, Fhe poopis of swore thea ta meet, bat tt temisth 10 povarty #9 Pail have Warned elf these indispocrable leinons of the (armoc’s ore't, wo must mot Congo. that oven with aa or eke goasumaaton the favor and biseal vor of Heaven; and in this, as im holler things, “P may plant Apolies water, but God giveth the ia- ‘Crease. Unitod States Olreutt Court. DECISION IN ADMIBALTY ON APPBAL, Before Chief Justice Nelson. Serr, 23.—William R. Beecher and others vs. George J. Becktel and others.—This libel wae tiled to recover com- pensation for the loss aud damsge sustained by the «nore of the ship Buenoveuto, for the non fulflmeat of acharter party catered vinto br the ts. Tae vessel, which was of two hui end ity. tone burthen, was chartered on the 24 of Ootober. 1849, ot lumber and timber from Charles 8. 0., Jona, Spain. The owners engaged that whole of the veeeel, except (he part neces:ury for the scoommoda‘ion of the officers aod crew, the stowaze of sails, cables, and provisions should be at the bes je of the charterers, ‘who agreed to furnish a full complete cargo of lum- ber and timber for the voyage, avd to pay for freight $11 per thousand superficial feet, with five per cent primage. The cargo was to be delivered and reosived slongeide of the vocsel. within reach of her tackles. Tne cherter was to commence when the vessel wad ready to receive the cargo at her place of fering, and joe thereof given. The vessel, in pursuance of the charter iy, arrived at the port of Charleston om the 14th of month, ready to receive her cargo; and after Bevisg: received on board a considerable portion of it, the agent of the shippers delivered, for the purpose of being shipped on board, two large masts or spars—the oue i. seven inches in diamet and the other twenty-eght inches—round timbers, aud sixty feot in length. The lumber was received through a square port in the forward part of the ship, called the bow port and which could not receive gee! of the Tength aan Sage of these spars, the port being only tweuty four inc! jusre, which wou'd not receive timber of the | ‘a the spars exceeding twenty-two inches in diameter. The port bole was of the usual size for vessels of the ‘burden of the Buenovento, Tne waster having waited some sixty three days in all for lumber and timber suita- Die to the size and capaci:y of the vessel. and the agent of the shippers refusing to furnish other lumber till the spars were taken on board, in isting that the port-hole should be enlarged se as to receive tiem, landed the por- tion of the carge on board, io pursuance of orders from the owners in New York, and left for another port ia bal last after full notice to the agent of his intention to do 40, unless the cargo of the ship was completed. A good deal of evidence has been taken on both rides upon the poiat whether or vot the port hole could have been enlarged without injury tothe strength and affecting the see- wortbinees of the vessel, It is exceed!ngly doubtful upon the evidence whether or not the necessary slteradoa could be made without permanently diss bling and render- ing her unreaworthy; and the expense varies from fifveen to three huncred dollars, sccoraing to the estimate of the witnesses. I vhall not undertake to weigh this eviten either aa it reepects the question of the practicability o! the alteration, or the cost of it; forin my judgment the owners, upon apy just and proger construction of the charter party, were neither bound to make, or to submit to, the requived chsoge. The eharter was entered into in this city. and the vessel lay in this port at the time, af- fording the charterers an operate to make exan- ination of her they might decire, Her to.nage is apeci- fied, and the only covenante entered into in respect to her character and condition by the owners aze, that sho shall be seaworthy. und that during the voyage she shall be kept tighe, staunch, well-fitted, tackled,and provided with every requisite, and with mea aad provisions neces- sary for le voyage; tad ‘te restive on board the vessel all such lawful goots and merchandise as the charterers may see proper to ship—to be properly stowed by the ship's crew, or other suitable persons the captain may e at the vessel’s expenve; the charterers agr to furnish a full and complete carg of lumber end tim ber. Iagree. if the owners had undertaken to convey f:om Charleston to Barcelona a givea quantity of lamber and timber rally, for a specified price, that they would have beer bound to have furaished a versel that could have received and shipped Say deneristice: of the artic'e ing msn iioned, which. acco: the usage and custom of the trade, was ordinarily shippei at that port. Such would have been the fait and reasonable import of the contract. But bere, 20 such cuutract has been entered into. They bave, simply, chartered their vessel, and ted that the whole of oe the exceptions pocket . eae the sole pen ane ispossl ope char ers dui 1@ Voy a t mo goods or mer- chanédise whatever shall laden on board, otherwise than from them or their agents, without their consent. It is an engagement, therefore, on the part of the owners, not that they will convey from and t the ports ment a given ameunt of lumber or timber for the price mentioned; but that the vessel named shall be employed for the particular voyage in the conveyance of this article. It seems to me, therefore, clear, that the undertaki the charterers is to furniah a cargo, at the port designated, o! such lumber as was suitable to the Capacity and condition of tae ship; and that it would be ing the contrac! beyond the intent and scope of it to constder i; the same as an engagement to convey a given quantity of the articie, generally, and without re eS ‘to the meaus of the conveyance. Some evidence h: een given texding to show that it is not unusual to en- large the port hole of vessels employed in the conveyance of \umber, to enable them to receive on board spars of the size of thore delivered in this case. Butthe evidence is slight, and does not approach to the establishment of 8 usage or custom in the trade, especially not in the case ot # charter party lke the one in question. It may well! be that the owners ectering into an engagement, gene rally, to convey @ given quantity of lumber and timber it find it necessary to alter materially the construc- tion of their veasel to enable them to comply with the terms and cor ditions of their obligations, as under such a charter, they would be bound to carryany description of the article within the usage custom of the trace. Under such @ contract, there would be no reference to any particular verse), or mode of con- veyance. But, asin the present case, where a particu. lar thip bes been ebartered for ths conveyance of a cargo o! lomber, the obliga‘ion is different; the charterers are bound to regard the capacity aud condition of the vaxeel in rerpret to the cargo to be furnished I agree, that changes of a temporary character as it reapects the inte- rior of the vessel, such as may be usual aad customary in the trade for the accommodation of the cargo, may be pioper, and the duty of the owners; but changes like the prerent, affecting ber safety and sea worthiness, and thereby permanently leseentng her value, {t gems to me cannot be regerdéd an falling within the contract; and this, even as- sumirg thet the question may be matter of doubt whe- ther the to the veusel be or be not serious and permanent. contract, in my judgment, does not im- poee upon the owners the hazard of the contingsucy sup posed. Upon the view, therefore, I am obliged to take of the care, I think the decree below erroneous, acd should be reverted, and the case be re‘erred to the Clerk to ascertain the Joes and damage sustaived by the libellants. Supreme Coart—Special Term, Before Hou. Judge Roozevelt, Serr, 28.—Jsaac M. Wright vs. Joseph Delafield and hers —The plaintiff was not to receive s deed, and of course the other —— to the contract were not required to be ready to deliver a deed until all tne successive potes at one, two, three, four ard five years, wore paid. Payment, therefore, instead of being coatemporaneous with, or dependent 'on, the giviug of » good title to the premises purchared was, by the very terms of the agree ment, to precede that act, aad at au averaze iaterval of more than two years—in other words, the plaiatif ‘was to deperd on covenant to give a good title ia- stead of a deed for the citle itseli. s bd bd bd On a review of the pleadings and proofa,I ree no difficult; in giving © good suffictent title for the premises sold. The injunction, therefore, as to ths notes not yet paid, should be dissolved, and ihe plaintiff lett to his remedy on the covenant of the company. Mr Delafield signed the covenant as their agent, He either hid authority = beng! bats ear fog he a his ren) yan yal; not, his signature boun bimeelf, Mr Delafield avers, and we have no Teasoa, to doubt the averment, that he has always been ready and willing, and able, atd mow is, to fulfil the comtract on the part cf the company “to make, or cause to be made, geod and sufficient title for the said premises’ Judgment must therefore bs entered that the defendant Dels field cause to be executed a proper conveyanss, to be Sasyes as to its form and manner of execu by tices of this court; that the plaiotiff pay nd interest of the notes, and the costs of nt respectively in this court and ia the suita on the notes, and that thereupon the conveyance, 60 executed and approved aa above meationed, be delivered to the plaintiff. The question of allow- e200 reeerved unti) the settlement of the order. Superior Court—Gene ral ferm. At the last General Term of the Superior Court of the ba! of New York, it was dered, That ibe calendar of osnses for trial at the eneuing October term of this Court, be continued an the calencar of the next November and December terms, re- epectively, and betsken up at the commencement of toose terms respectir rf at the place where the Cour leaves off at the clo the term immediately preceding Causes not noviced for trial at the October term, and such as ere, during that term, put off for the term, or called, or pasted, may be noticed for the November ani December terms; sad causes thus put off, called, or yaseed, during the November term, may be ‘novisad for the first Monday of December. The Cerk will place the canses aa noviced for November and Dacember terms, respectively, a: the foot of the Ustober calendar, accord- ing to their respective carey No 66 of issuo are to by filed in the oan es last men- ticped; in other causes on the Octoder calendar no notes of issue need be filed for the two anbsequent Corms Bat a cotice of trial must be served for each term, that the eaures may be put 6n, or continued on the calendar. And it is further ordered, that all no'es of issue hore- after, for the General, Special, aed Tris] terma of this Court, must be filed with the Cierk eight days before tae commencement of the firat J of the sucseeding term, (Extract from minutes GEO, Hl. E LYNCH, Clerk. N. B,—The members of the bar are particularly re que:ted to have their notes of issue filed for the ensuing Uotober ‘erm, on or before Saturday, the 24h day of Sep tember inst, to allow time to have the trial and geaeral term calendars printed. Supreme Court—Circult. Beroze Hon. Judge Edmonds, THR OFFAL CASE--THR COMPTROLLER, Serr. 25 —Jn the matter of the Peopls at the relation of Wm B Reynolds vs. Flagg, Comptrolier.—Uae Cousael for the Corporation appesred to take retacn to the order granted by this court, calling on the Comprrolier to show cante why & mandamus should not issue &o Judge Kd norda said that in the absense of Judge Morris, who was wick, he could not now devote bie time from the ot business of tbe circuit to hear this motion thie week He alo raid it properly belonged to the xpecial term, and he therefore transtorred it to that celendar, Mr. Willard eaid if #0 be feared the care would not bo reached before November, Mr. N. B. Blunt said if copies of the return were served to day or to morroy, all parties could appear be fore his Honor on Monday, and agees to the oase being sent to the general term ‘The case wae thea nominally sot down for Mouday vext. THE ANTI-LOTTPRY LAW. It is paid that the District Attorney is armed with doo uments a a cortain lottery specuiscion #1. vortired to tabe place in thin tity, There wil! be more work for the legal gentlemen; ba after the fate of the ee eee be vory ingenious te be suo te 2 ag Mre. Bareh Tavy haa brea eppotnted &: of the ligh chonre at Hare da Gewese, i, Co plone et bor de- gomed au dered, ‘The Tart. UNION COURSE, 1, I—TROTTING. One of the most exciting weeks of ¢he sportiny seasom has just closed with the contest between Laity Vernon, Mountain Maid, Vermont, and Pet, which was one of the best trots om record. From the advent of Lady Verna and Mountain Maid on the turf, it was evideat that some- thing mcre than common might be expected of them; but we were not prepared for such « rapid developement of their abilition sa we witmomed om Thursday lest, ag much leas than 2:28} in a third heat cannot be expect ed of any nag. They must be ranked as first class horsee, aud take place with Flora Temple, Tacony, Mae and Highland Maid. What » spleodii field these six fast oves would sake for a purse and stake | Mountain Maid was the favorite against the field at hundred to fifty; One hundred to twenty-five was offer ed and taken that Lady Vernon would not take the purse; and even betting Vermont agninsi Pet, The track was heavy, caused by having been harrowed up next the pole for the ruaning on Tuesday iast, and not having as yot regained its former firmness. The attendance was yery fair. A few more such npecimens of the trotting art, as exemplified in the performances of the ao colebra- ted artistes, must in future have s tendency to draw large numbers to the course, and givea new impetus te the noble art. First Heat.—Pet won the pole, Vermont the second place, Lady Vernon third, and Mountain Maid outside, After a few ineffectual attempts they were at: whe two mares on the with Vermont and Pet up. ‘They soon, however, tailed off into » string , Vermont a length behind, bi up the rear. They went pas' le i ‘way. in 87 eeconds, and to che half in 1:16. fouptain Maid then west up to and passed Vermont, and made play for Lady Vernon; but by the time she reached ber wheel she broke up, aud dropped off a lenzth or two. She was rallied again, and made afresh stiack, whieh was most vigorcusly continued to the score. Ver- non, however, proved too wuch for her, and wou by & neck, making the heat ia 2:2054. Vermont, in the mean time, had been quite busy, although little attention nad been paid to him, as al: eyes were on the leading horss: and he came to the score only. leugths behiad, Pel was about fitty yards io the rear. Second Heat —Mountain Maid still tho favorite against the field. They were started nicely, Vernon leat ng around the turn and to the quarter pole a length 1 Mountain Maid in 37 ssconds; Vermont a good third, caving Pet and Hiram ia their old placo, bringing up the sear. Vernon kept the gap open down the backstre' Lotwith as exertion on the Maid to reach her ‘Time to the half ‘ mare made a desperate brush on the lower turn, but as soon as she closed she was shaken off again, Ve-moné, Goring this time, was olen dashing thé dust fe cer bis feét, and closing ravidly on the maros, a the turn of the homestretch was well up with Mountels Maid. I; was very evident that Lady Vernon sould met be taken; and that Mountain Maid and Vermont would have # neck and neck affair to themselves. Tho gcey, bowever, broke up at the drawgate, and came ins third. Lady Vernon won by a couple of length , im 2:3036, Pet and Hiram fifty yards behind, with nothing to bother m. Third Heat —The elongated faces of the backers of Mountain Maid were seen in all directions, ‘en the .”” Lady Vernon had a bad send off, anid Mountain Msi: tay in on the turn and took the track from her, She pulled out and made tice play after the sorrel mare, lapping her at the quarter pole , carried her off hee feet 0 rewh, and leadiag a length to the helt ™ i Vermont was no: far behind al! The contest continued spiri be marés around the lower turm, ace Le cing, though net losing an inch by the acoi- and they came on the homestretch at such a flight peed that Vernon had to be taken to the outeide to cave her from brerking up; and this move lost ber the heat. She struck ber quarter om the turn, and made se- veral attowpts on the homestretch to leave her pina, which she at length succeeded im doing, whoa within fifty yards of the score, being a neck and shoulders ahead atthe time. Mountain Maid won by a length in ne Vermont was in his cld piace agsin, not wit quick time made by the others; and he bogan to be ed upon as “some pumpkine’” in the race. Pet and were alao closer up than previously, and Hiram’ thought that, ehould the others ‘come back’’ a few as- conds, the cards might run kind towards the end of the ame. S*Fourth Heat —The faces of friends of Mountain Maid had resumed their i nds. and te the half # length in 1:16; around the lower turn aud up the bomestret seore, fairly beating her the hest in 2:32, proving herself one of the best and gamest nags that ever stood om The following ia the summary:— AY, Sept. 22.— Purse $250, mile heats, best three harness. in five, in D, Pfiter entered g m. Lady Vernon,....... ‘8. McLaughiim entered ch. m. Mountain Maid H. Joues entered g. g Vermont. ‘H. Woodruff extered b. g. Pet........ ‘Time, 2:2934—2:30},—-2:38 3232, SARATOGA COURSE—TROTTING. Wenrespay, Sept. 23,.—Purss $260, mile hea‘s, three in five in harness. ‘W.G Abraham’s br. g. O'Bienis, of Mobile 3 3 1 J. Nodine’s br g Centrevills, of New York 222 W. Peabody’s b m 12, Jare, of Phil’a.. 113 Time, 2:35, 2:343¢, 2:343¢, 2:34, 2:33%, 2:36, 2:38, As will be seen by the above summary, the race wae pretty well mixed up; and about the fourth heat it was, sike s “white man berry cnsartin.” Previous to sear ng Lady Jane had te call in betting, to the tune of 108 to 50, ard we heard some gmall bets madeat the leng odds of one hundred sud fifty to fifty, the odds being en the mare against the field, Lady Jane had the confidence of the rporting men toa great extent, and the result proved, as it often before, that the best laid plans of men and mice will an g.’? First He gang wre feat —Sextrevile won the tess, awd at four o'clock the nagt got off well togetber—Centreville O’Blenia next, the mare outside, The mare led all the way around, and t) otted to the half in 1:16. and wen the heat hahdily in 2:36. Centreville mades bad break Even at this early period te Digher-—100 to 00 being. oftred ou ‘her agelant the Sait igber— on th wane os eat —Lady Ji k the eat Heat — jane tool ole and start, leading from the cesta: Uneaceritie pressed ole be on her beels, and at the first quarter (40 seconds) wore lapped. O’Blonis rushed a’ter them like « querter horse, and showed some good geing te the haif 1:14.) Here all tree sere together trotting at a Comi: it} quarter ee ing home O'Bienis madea nasty break, and feil back. Both the mare avd Centreville Pulled eat fromm him, and both broke on the thid quarter Peabody caught Lady Jane bandily, and she ied home Moning the heut by half » length. in 2:443,; Centreville next, Beach pe te was Dow considered a “dead open and sbut” affai map; thiaking that Lady Jane would win, of course, Tek te treo Heat —The horses started as before—Lady Jane inside and leading, and the driver of O'Blenis back till be “‘sawa sight to &, inand win.” fhe mare led to the quarter, (30 seocnds,) closely pressed by Com- treville. Away they rusbed down the back side, tre vile’s nose to Laty Jane’s wheel. Now he pulls eat, anf at the half (1:15) they were neck and ntok. Coming od home both Lady Jane and Centreville commenced a on their own acco Seoing this Abrahams etier O’Bienis, and the little rascal anawered nobly to the ca Coming round the last turn—ell together—now 0’ Bienia leads—hurish |— great excitement—anether cheer! He's won the heat in 2:243¢, Centreville stcond, and the mare in the region of “ nowhere.’”’ Lady Jane’s backers now endes: to « her i | without much success. blank, and ing. Fourth Heat.—Atter two false starts, the horses away, the mare leading and Centreville close at her After going around the first turn, Lady Jace ard Contre ville trotted neck and neck to the quarter in 41 seconds, The ware drew sway from bim and rushed the hat mile pole in 1:16, and a loogth ahead of Ceatreville. the homestre:ch both O’Blenia trailing in the rear. the Lady and O’Blenis broke very badly, and came to the score in the fullrun. The judges were unabie te which horse was ahead whea they broke, though N imeisted that be was, and they ruled that it was a dead beat. O’Blenis came in three lengths behind aad trot ting. Time 2:54 ‘aking all the circumstances into consideration, this yas the fnirest decision they could have made, though it created some di atisfact among the backers of Lady Jane. The race now became rather interestlag. Fifth Heat,—-Centrevilie led from the score and kept hie advantage to theqnarter (41 secs) Lady Jams came ard to the half mile polo (1:16) the ame blaaket have c vered both of them " But it was evident thes Lady Jane's bottom had fallem out. Ceatreville drew peey from her andon the home stretch the yo her pipe out by a very bad break, which gave the 2 Centreville in 2:33}, Lady Jane was then withdeaws, aud her backers paid their bets with Christiaa fortitude acd exemplary resignation, It was now half past atx o'clock end cork, e’Sizth Heat — Cent;eville and O'Blenis bad a good Abrahams had evidently been saving himself for this porturity, avd though the heat was woll contes O'Blenis won very prettily in 2:36. . Seventh Heat.—It was vow quite dark.and a the judges could net ree, men were placed about the track to gaac@ against foul play, 0: course, wo can give no di of w beat trotted in the dark It was given to OF who won heat and race quite comfortably in the : time mede— 2:5: The rerult of this race proves that O'Blenis ise fast goer, andthat be only wantea good driver behiad him Ww teke down many trotvers of more extended recuta- tion, The whole race was a movt inte-erting affsir and welloonine'ed Tho track was illumined by the - sonee of many Isdies who reemed as dooply interested the rerult. Thus closed the second day of the State Fair, Tomorrow there is to be @ two-mile race, fer which Mac, Laty Moscow, Lady Jane, Black Dougias, W. and O'Blenis aré aonouneed ‘The Brookiyu Fire Insurances, Naw Youk Urry Insurance Oompany, Ormow, 9 WaLt start, Naw York, Sept 23, 1868, Janes GORDON BEwneit ‘ Su Io your report ia the Horald thia morning, of ta- Aurance uper the oii factory iu Marsball atrost. Broek. Irn, consumed by fire ou Wednesda night ie patdowm this'compary ot $6008 Thin ix en error. This company had no poiiny upon that proverty Yours truly, CHAS. L CLARKE, Booretagy. cog yey the provail'ng epidemic ta M: te Col Hove H Biatter, be progtioter Of the theatre 1 Of o80 A he Terures-o Oemonoins, He died oh — oo Gorsamanamn’ wtroet, Mono, om gas Ui te