The New York Herald Newspaper, August 18, 1853, Page 4

4 enn feeling towards the Governor began to take | debouch to the southward, going round the NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES \ eae pal ie Song FULTON AND NASSAU 8TS. 0 Pune ERAL) & conte per Tall HERALD svery Saturday. 38 0% conte oe & the European 4 of Great Brace. and Chto any part af | + be tnelwle the yomtage i y ORRESPONDENCE, contameng smpor » USRMENT: THIS EVENING BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery Woot Descen Too- eare—PuT mam, JADWAY THEATRE, Brosdway—fonzer Ross— Wu). MALER—10 Panis asp Bare. SIBLO'S Brondway Govxnexi—Rup Growr amp Wrirs Wannwa. PON'S THEATRE, Chambara strect.—Swise ~Cuwese Company—Dur. is tHe Dank—Day vue Fair. YMaTluNsaL THEATRE Obstham etreet-Urone Tom's Oona. 3% CHARLES THRATKS Bowery—Munvreca Wa- wanmar- My Suten Kats Movusy or Puasvr int. AMERIUAN MUS#UM—o:Gorn00v—Boon Gurtones — Paving ir -Ox. Brepius Peouve MADISON AVENU4—stterncon and Svening—Pasr eumt's Covensar Siprepnoms ‘a visit to our city for the last day or two, wound up their tripo picasure by p ying their devoirs toa la y of t eir city, who ‘sat present staying at the St. Nicholas Hotel, with her husband. The in- terview was very intr: tinc, ani the aneffected naiveté wth wich the ‘ady rephed to their ad- Gress giv sac’ armto!e: a) uize. How sweet are the words from woman's mouth! We invite our Tea‘ ers toy ve the ueconit of the interview a pe- Tusa’. The “ Americ:n party” of the Ninth ward held @ meting, last «vening. at t'e Bleecker street House, A report of their proceedings is given in this p» per. See the insi le poges for a dessript'on of the arti- cles in t'e Anstrian departme't of the Crystal Palace, and much ‘ther iuterssting matter to waich we bave uo rvom to refer partioujarly. ‘The Cros and the Creavent. Each mail which arrives from Europe brings us intelligence wh'ch renders the Russo-Turk- ish question still more complex. and the result of war or peace a matter of as difficult vatici- nation as it was when Prince Menschikofi’s ulti- matum was first refused by the Porte. The news by the America, such as it has been tele- grapbed to us from Halifax, promises, at last, a speedy solution to the problem which has so long occupied, with so little effect. the brains of the diplomats, politicians and journalists of RICAN OPERA ROUSE £72 Broasway LADIES BY CHNISTY’s Dorks TROUPE WOUMS SINSTAELS Wocd's Mussa) Ball +46 Browe gay Brains Mivera BUCKLEY'S OPERS eiSprmaras Gres . 889 Aros¢way-Boos- -OURE @RUKAMA, 595 Broadway—Paronaus er rus Hore BOPE OHS PEL, 718 Brosuwsy—Raaxxanercm’s fm Wenana +7 Niswahs AOADEMY MALL, 503 Rroadwhy—Asecyr ey Wont ane * peuniSh GaLLER?.'065 srendway -Dayand Srening 2 Aer few York, Tharndny, Aagnss FO ————_— ‘The News, The:number of deaths by yellow fever in New Or- eans, on the 15th inst,,.was two hundred and tnrty five, which shows that the epidemic is still on the Berease—that beng the-larges number whica have died in any ove day since tue tirst breaking out of the disease. Meetings have been held o a.number @f cities for the purpose of soliciting uid fr whe ua- fortunate sufferers, and ae far as has come t> oar Knowledge, the following sums, ia round numbers, Buve reen collected:— 831000 Mobile... + 12000 Coa Jeston 4.000 ++ 3000 Total. . Mobscripticns ave yet in circulatien, and the cit sens of sme places have called meetings, haviug in view the ume praiseworthy object; and we doubt not, before the close cf another week, the sam will be augmented to one hundred thousand doliars. We'learn from Albany that the Conet of Impeach. ‘ment was yesterday engeged in hearing arguments en the motion made by the respondent's counsel on the duy previous, to strike out the five €rst articles velating to the canal leteings. Messrs. Champlin, manager for the Assembiy aud J. K. Poster, coun- eel, addressed the Court in opposition to the motion ‘and Jas. T. Brady sustained it. It is understood ‘tat vo further argument is to be heard. Nearly one hundred wituesses are said to have been su:nmoned, and before the close of the trial some extraordiuary developments are anticipated. Our special correspondent at Washiogton writes that George Sanders yesterday received his commie- sien as Consul at London. This will be gratifyiag iformation to the friends of Young America. Owing the abeence from the city of Col. Davis, and the | mon-uttendance of Secretary Marcy, no business of fenportance was transacted by the Cabinet yesterday. A despatch from Washinton reports that the | Mexican Commission succeeded in finding Dr Gardner's mines. T. Butler King, at present in ‘this city, is understood to have failed to satisfy the | Secretary of the Treasury concerning the allega- | ions against him. The eorporators of the Niagara Ship Canal Com- pany met at Niagara Falls on Tuesday last. Hon. Heman J. Redfie'd presided, and an executive com- mittee of fifteen was appointed to further the project. | A very satisfactory report was made by the agent, | Col. Fisk. Those who are desirous of arriving at a fall under- standing of the difficulty between Russia and Lur- key, are advised to carefully peruse the history of the Raseian Greek Church, written by Mr. Leduc, a French savant, and translated for the especial en- lightenment of our readers. Attention is also directed tothe communication from one who styles himself an Impartial American. Files of Bahama papers, to the 2d of August, have reached us. They do not contain any news of special | importance. The Royal Gazette and Grand Turks Zsland Journal publish a schedule of the public | revenues of Tarks and Caicos Islands for the quarter t ending upon June 30, which contracted favorably | with the amounts of a similar one for the correspond" | masks his ambiticus and despotic schemes of ex- | for it. Abdul Medjia is not both hemispheres : for America, too, has had much imterest in the question. We now learn that the terms submitted to the Czar by the four European powers—England, France, Aus- tria and Prussia—must have been either ac- cepted or declined about a week since—that is, by the 8th or 10th of August ; and that, in the event of the Emperor Nicholas declining to abide by them. .or giving to the demand an evasive auswer the fieets of Eugland and France were then to commence active hostile operations. -So stood the matter when our last despatches left England; and probably by this time, the question of peace or war has been definitely resolved. If it should happen ‘that the latter has been the alternative decided on, then it becomes of some importance that the citizens of. the United States should understand the ques- tion at issue. and be able to form a just estimate of the merits .of either side. We have all along, -since the .commencement of] the controversy, .endeavored to keep our’ readers au courant in the. complicated ques- tion, presenting thei from time to time all the information and fhote which we could colleet’ on the subject, whether they bore tm favor of. the Cossack or the Turk. To-dzy we continue the same ceurse, by publishing, in another por- tion of our columns, two important and inter- | esting pieces having reference to this Eastern question. One of these is a brief retrospective view of the history and origin of the Russian Greek Church, a deseription of its rites and .ceremonies, and a by no means very flattering account of its priesthood, written by a French savant,ond translated by us trom the Paris Jeurnal. /a Patrie. The other paper to which we refer is an article contributed to our.eolumas by @ correspondent, of whose nawe and position we are ignorant, but whese sympathies aud interests are con‘essedly on the side of the Em- peror Nicholas. Beth these papers will be found important to a right conception of the various interests 4n- volved in the Eastern question. The Emperor Nicholas ostensibly bases his warlike move- ments on the grounds of protecting his co-re- ligionaires of the Greek Church. from the ia. tolerance of the Turk; or, in other words, he tended dominion, to which the annihilation of the Ottoman empire is the first step, under the specious pretence of regard for the interests of the Christian religion. What the Russian-Greek specimen of that religion is, the article extracted from the Patrie, will probably give our readers a pretty accurate idea. As tothe ery of religious persecution, which has been attempted to be got up against the Mabometans, there has not been of late years the faintest shadow of an excuse “One of that saintly, murderous brood, To carnage and the Koran given, Who think through unbeliever's blood Lies the securest path t» Heaven.” On the contrary, the young Sultan has dis- tinguished his reign by acts of benevolence and kindness towards his Christian subjects, with which the Emperor Nicholas’s nun-flogging bar- barity stands in dismal contrast. And even his hospitable reception and noble treatment of the gallant band of Hungarians, who had the good ing quarter of 1852. The export duty on salt had | fortune to escape from the claws of the Russian been reduced from one halfpenny to one farthing per | bear and the Austrian eagle, might well entitle bushel since the first of January last. One hundred | Islamism to the respect of Christendom, and make all freemen ery, “Long live the Turk.” and eighty-one thousand three hundred and eighty- four bushels of the article had been exported in the last six months, showing a great increase of trade. | matter, Much siekness prevailed at the Caicos Islands in the middle of July, and many deaths had taken place. The epidemic was a peculiar kind of fever, which has become almost indigenous to the country at that pericd of the year, and was rendered more severe | this season, owing to continued heavy rains. The breach in the ranks of the Maine democracy , teferrred, and which would appear to have ! emanate, from a representative of Russia, But enough of this religions view of the The other paper to which wo have emanated, and for aught we know did is fraught with direful threats of retaliation against England, in case of her farther and armed interference in the quarrel between is becoming wider every day. The bolters are. or- | Russia and Turkey. Her Indian empire, it ganizing in every county, aud preparing to offer the | truly argues, is open toa eoseack incursion. most uncompromising resistance to the other section ' Persia might very easily be strengthened by of the party. Ata convention in Oxtord county, the | most bitter resolutions in denunciation of the Bangor | convention were adopted. See the despatch from Boston. ‘The Jatest returns from North Carolina aver that | Mon. T. L. Clingman, Southern rights democrat. has | been re-elected to Congress by two thousand majo- | rity over his whig opponent. \ By telegraph frr~) sutfulo wo have a kynopsis of the proceedings of the Episcopal Convention which ‘@ssembled th that city yesterday afternoon. Ac- ‘vording to the report of Bishop Delancy, he has con firmed nine hundred and thirteen persons since last October; the present namber of cl men in the @iocess is one hundred and twenty-five; and the amount collected for church purposes during the year is $12,500. Bishop D. attributes the secession of Bishop Ives to insanity. Mach interesting information with regard to the Cuban slave trado is contained in the letter from Ho, vana, to be found in another colamn, Itis gratity ing to learn that the newspaper exposure of those Spanish functionaries known to have been concerned in the abominable traffic has done more towards its abolishment than al! the diplomacy that has hither‘o been expended upon the sulject. This philanthropic work must be continued until no vessel freighted with miserable Africans ix allowed to touch either at the island of Cnba or anywhere else in this part of the world. ‘The installation of officers of the Grand Lodge and Grand Encampment of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows of Northern New York, took place at Ithaca last Tnesday. Those interested will find the names of the gentlemen selected for the more im- portant posts under, the telegraphic head. The Grand Lodge is + at Albany next year. Several impor are tobe tried before the United States Circuit Coort, which met at Aubure yesterday. The case of James D. Nesbit, for fursiag pension papers, was usder investigation during the afternoon. ‘Phe Washington Fire Company, who have been on the Czar, and enabled to expel her British in. Tn a word, the whole of her British ssions in India might be made to pay the y of England’s presurmptnous interfrence ith the purposes of the Emperor Nicholas. wi Well, perhaps there may be a good deal in | 1 these menaces, and perhaps, too, some portion of them may be real'zed; but it would by no | means afilict us past consolation to see the spoiler epoiled and the prey rent from the robber, and if the eastern controversy ended in nothing but bringing about that consummation, then would all our anxious solicitudes in the matter be amply repaid. {Let our readers, how- ever, peruse these documents, and see what a precionsly complicated piece of business this question is,and with what dangers it is fraught to all sides. The Consatnr System of the United Statcs— What is The censu alted Sta ed to com ns of speech employ- anthovities of gov- ernmments—interna pates they may be termed, charged with the protection of the com mercial and personal interests of our people The importance of those interests, and the ne ceseity of their proper m ement, are too oly vious to need comment In this age, and probably for all time m6 the chief business of diplomacy is, and will be, commercial in its character, There fs not government on the globe, of any raok, which not bending all its pa to the ext y irede. Even the crippl republics of ont America, «ini ont from the sea by the excl isiv and indefensible posicy of Braz tl, touche the navigation of the great rivers of the Southera continent, aveatruggling to brevk their eon mercial fetters, and adverti-e their productions and their necessities to the world. With. per- haps.a single exception—that of the Spanish cabi- net—there is not a power of any note which is not practically exerting itself'to draw closer the bonds of trade. by interchanging its produc- tions with others and by strengthening the ties of friendship which spring into being as the le- gitimate fruits of extended commerce. The power of Great Britain lies in the office of her commercial marine; and her maritime suprema- cy is an object at once of admiratton and imita- tion by every nation. not excepting our own. In- deed. commerce has become the heart of the gov- ernmenta! systems of men everywhere. Politi- cal ascendancy is gained and maintained through itsinstrumentalities. As its fetters have been removed, one by one it has assumed the place of the exploded theories of the balunge of power, and become the controller of political move- ments. The spirit of progress, manifest destiny, extension of territory, annexation and re-annexation, have their origin in the commercial rivalries and successes of nations. Commerce is the guiding principle of the age-— the locomotive power that sets in motion those great enterprises in the political world which so bewilder and astound the paralytic organs of fogydem here and eleewhere. We count nothing upon the military power of our people as an actual means of advance- ment. On that field, the veriest serfs of Russia, subject to the will of the Czar, and paid for two months hard service what will acarcely buy a dinner at the Astor House, are, perfiaps, as destructive and powerful as ourselves. Defi- ciency of intelligence is made up in numbers— the terrible energy of patriotism which has characterized our soldiery on the field of battle, is answered by the absolute authority of the Empire. What we have gained, in political power even, has. been through the energies of our internal and external commerce. These elements constitute the vital principle of our system, and ‘sustain our industrial energies, even in the midst-of wars and through all the vicissitudes of our ‘changing occupations and populations. ‘We rely in nothing upon hot-bed expeditions, commanded by a restless band of adventurers, who seek to overthrow monarchy at this point or that. They constitute the ma- laria of our political atmosphere, and rise up efter rains and storme, in obedience to the de- mands of the ardent sun of our system. But we dorely upon the power of freedom, displayed in the gigautic commereial enterprises of our couatrymen—upon that power which has peo- pled a continent, and made its every ac- ceeaible part instinet with life, and the busy bome.of trade and indastry—upon that power which is seen on the Pacific and on the Atlan tic. in the Gulf and on the Isthmus; which has eubdaed and peopled the great valley of the Mississippi, and covered its waters with a mov- ing panorama of industry ; which has coaverted the plain of the lakes into a garden of produc- tion aud .studded it with rich and populous cities; which has spread over ue, like a net, a eyetem of railroads, drawing us into common interests and sympatlies, and unfoldiag therein aconmon destiny; which has diffased educa. tion, und has taught by precept aad example that knowledge is the basis of happiness and the only guarantee of etability ix government—this is the power upon which we would rely to con- quer other political systems. This is the work of that spirit which bas usurped the office of the politician in England. and. transformed the go. vernment of that country into a eommercial agency, and which is aeting upon the yielding continental systems in the same manner. Free tradeis the bond of union of the new order. Now, what is the actual eondition of our di- plomatie and consular systems? Have they been modified and re-organized so as to meet and answer the demands of the people in the altered condition and office of commerce to which we have referred’ The diplomatist is a commercial agent—nothing morc—sometimes much less, He is a student of French. or Span- ish. or German, so as to learn how to ask for his dinner and his breakfast. He thinks much upon the social or political systems of the coun- try to which he is accredited, and studies bard to ascertain how to act at court. and how to avoid mistakes at a dinner party, and to give opinions upon wine in a proper way. If his countrymen are in trouble, he takes it for granted that they must be all in the wrong, be- cause he has never been thus annoyed ; or de fends them on untenable grounds. The only thing he erranges personally and clearly is how to draw his pay. about which few mis- takes have been recorded. We speak, of course, of the many of our diplomatic agents, uot of the few. The consular or strictly commercial agents, however qualified, with some exceptions, are so many hungry mendicants sent abroad to heg of the commercial interest, or perbaps worse, The fystem, as it ie called, is a misnomer ; it has neither beginning or end. If anything, it is a system of utter disorder. Jt bas neither respect or consideration in the State Department. It is there regarded as an unwieldy excrescence, convenient only as a means of rewarding a dozen consular, incumbents. We flatter our- selves with the perfection of our government, and call upon Great Britain, even, to clear the way for our advancing commercial ascendaacy; as yct we retain upon the statute book a mona- ccuiumercial ignorance and governmental stupidity which would be unworthy of the councils of Pekin or Madrid. The consul is an- thorized to collest fees of captains, consi gnees, and vesvele, These fees are often exorbitant, ; seldom necessary, and nearly always the culy | ject of contention and strife. But they con-ti- tute the living of the incumbent; and when he yields them, he yields his breakfast and his dinner, One half ofthe consulates find no logi- timate object from which to take up collections. These resort to ali sorts of reprisals upon tra- vellers, Of covrse, the official personage does pot stand very high with those he has robbed; bothe is the agent ot the government, and makes his reports to the State Department. ‘The law xequires that the master of the ship shall deposit his register, &e., with the consul; that the consul shall discharge reamen; that he shall ship seamen and cortify the same; that he may receive protests aud declarations, For these services—most of which are utterly use- lese—he must be paid. The time has gone by when you cen cherge o legal fee, even, of a man vithout giving him ou equivalent, and still retain bis reapest and confidence. So these charges ever lead to strife, and this strife is an bour ving disgrace to the government. Ove halt the conenlar offices, rightly filled and ‘ministered, ore far more important than one balfof onr diplomatic agents. The consul is ever acocerible. His office is preotica’. But, halfstary- «by the disgraceful meanness of bis govern- ment, set upon an official elevation just high enough to be marked, he is made to beg his liv- ing of commerce, and to disgrace his govern- ment by mendicant appeals and Jewish con- trivances to provide his “daily bread.” The consular office, we repeat, rightly administered, is one of the most important— practically and usefully, we-believe, the most Place; a sense of the injustice done him in Mont- real, was slowly pervading all minds. As time rolled over, fresh evidences of his sincere con- cern for the welfare of the colonists were con- stantly coming to light. Aided by good men: such as Lafontaine, Baldwin, Cameron, and important of the foreign agents of the govern- | Morris. he took an active share in diverting at- ment. Occupying the position we do in the commerce of the world, our consular system is one of utter disgrace. It were far better to withhold appointments by the President until Congress should remodel the system, thaa tosend abroad over the world from the Ame- rican government a lot of men, however qua- lified. who are compelled at once to devise “ways and means” by which to live aod often times to enter into disgraceful struggles with captains and consignees to secure the miserable stipend awarded by the laws of the United States, How long shall this national disgrace remuin? How long shall we be seen abroad a3 mere official adventurers? How long shall the great source of our power—that arm of our national industry which is the acknowledged pride of every American—he made to speak to other na- tions through discredited and half starved con- suls and commercial agents? With a surplus of twenty-four millions of dollars in the trea- sury, collected through the channels of trade, how many years more are we expected to send our beggars abroad to effigy all that is dis- graceful and mean in our Legislature and in our political machine? If Congress and the Executive department feel no pride in our, commereial system, “and cannot comprehend the usefulness and the dignity of its foreign agents; if official dependence and degradation are to be perpetuated in the absence of an en- lightened liberality and a regard for the na- tional honor and dignity in the government at Washington, the corporations of large com- mercial cities should at once extend their cha- rities to the official incumbents of the general government. The rising power of commerce, not only in this country, but throughout the world, demand a remedy, and that can be ap- plied only on the basis of a reorganization of the consular department. so as to make the in- cumbent the agent of him who pays him. Will the President and Mr. Marcy give this subject alittle of their time? Is it not possible for the politicians to rise upfor once above the cur- rents of political strife, and to breathe ora season the pure atmosphere of rational buai- nest Probable Recall of the &.vernor of Ganada— Lord Eigin’s Adminisq ation. It is currently reported that the Governor af Canada, Lord Elgin. ie to return to England in the Sarah Sands, and that the post he has filled for some six years and a half is about to be con- ferred upon a nobleman high in favor with the Aberdeen ministry. We are not in a position either to affirm or eontradict positively the ramor; and we give it to our readers for what it may be worth, According to the old rule of the British colonial office, Lord Elgin’s term of service expired eighteen months ago; had it not been tor the difficulty of finding him a suc- cessor, and the natural unwillingness of the British government to deprive the colony of a public officer whose ability was undoubted, be would probably have been recalled at that pe- riod Other cousiderations of a personal nature had also some weight with the Colonial Secre- tary. Though the annexation movement hud died out the embersof discontent were still smould- ering at that time among the colonial tories. These, having been defeated in their hopes and aims, had turned all their spleen against the Governor, and would have construed his recall into a triumph for their party. A very natural desire on the part of both the Russell and the Derby administrations to prevent misappre- hensfon on this head, may have contributed something towards the prolongation of his term of office. Now, however, that all is quiet, and every- thing betokens a new era of prosperity for the province, it will be difficult for the most cap- tious to arcribe Lord Elgin’s retirement to any other motive than one equally creditable to himself and the British government. So far as he is concerned, a more propitious moment for resigning the authority he has held so long can hardly be expected. To the colony, his depar- ture would bea severe, if not an irreparable loss ; but. in view of the notorious fickleness and instability of the colonial mind, it is very questionable whether a period will ever arrive at which he could abdicate with more honor, or leave behind him more substantial and wide- spread traces of regret at his loss. He entered upon the discharge of the duties of Colonial Governor at a most critical period. Thongh six years had elapsed since the estab- lishment of a free constitution in the colony, the system had never received a fair trial. Neither the people nor the executive possessed a thor- ough comprehension of its principles. Parties were disjointed; politics were a chaos, in which the old leaders tried in vain to grope their way. Nor bad the Governors who had ruled since 1841, been more capable of coping with the dif- ficulties of their task. Under Sydenham, Bagot, and Metcalfe, discontent had been ever on the increase. A change took place when Lord Elgin arrived. He had rightly in- terpreted the Canadian constitution, and as- sumed at once the position of neutrality which it designed for the chief executive officer. A very few months sufficed to restore calmness to the people ; discontent vanished as soon as it was manifest that self&government was practi- cally established in the colony. Until 1849, Lord Elgin was universally popular. In that year, a8 our readers are aware, the celebrated rebellion losses bill was passed by large ma- jorities in both houses, and, in spite of petitions from the tories, received the formal assent of the Governor. A storm burst. which at one moment threatened a revolution. The oppo- nents of the bill burnt down the Parliament House, drove Lord Elgin from Montreal, and erftirely forfeited, by their riotous vandalism, whatever sympathy they bad previously enjoy- ed among honest men. Their attack upon the Governor was as dastardly as their censure was unreasonable, He was bound by the constitu- tion to assent to the bill; had he withheld his sanction, he would have proved him gelf as unfit for the office as his predecessors. It is, more- over, well known at present that the assent was given in obedience to direct and positive orders from. the colonial office. As was to be expected, public opinion in Great Britain and elsewhere sustained Lord Elgin, and did not spare the rioters He was made a Peer of tie Realm, and complimented by men of all partion in the House, op, his judicious conduct. The head quarters of the Canadian government were re- moved to Toronto, and after 9 few weeks, the excitement began to subside, A revaleion of | climbing horeee, Col. Cooke was compelled to | such a “ EEE tention from fruitless political disputes, and in directing it towards the developement of the material resources of the province. To him is due no small share of the credit of the great railway scheme, by which the western extremity of Lake Huron will ultimately be connected with Halifax. Under his administration Cana- dian securities have risen to a premium abroad; agriculture bas received peculiar encourage- ment from the government; the staple articles of produce k@ve largely increased. and several ofthe most important legislative acts in the statute book have been carried. Politics have ceased to absorb the public mind, and corn, timber deals, copper and gold mines have taken their place. With such a retrospect to contemplate, Lord Elgin can well afford to leave the task of doing justice to his memory to the future historian of Canada. Among the best of her rulers, he will shine conspicuous. And if the report of his re- tirement be correct we are hazuarding little when we predict for him a distinguished place among England’s foremost statesmen in the House of Lords. Mr. Betmont’s Letrer—Ovr Ministers Aproap.—The letter of August Belmont, which we published yesterday, in reply to an invi- tation by his personal friends of this city to a public dinner, before his departure for the Hague, will have been read with satisfaction, not only by our distinguished fellow citizens to whom it ‘was immediately addressed, but by the public at large. We say his letter will be read with general satisfaction, hecause——notwithstanding the silly “hue and cry” that was raised last fall against him, and which has been renewed from time to time since his appoint- ment to the Netherlands, to wit: that he is the aristocratic agent of the Rothschilds, the confidential Austrian substitute of Chevalier Hulsemann, and the emissary of despotism—it was desirable that Mr. Belmont should intro- duce himself to the public in his new capacity as an official agent abroad of our own govern- ment. . As a private citizen. and as a man of basi- nese, he has practically and avorably male hfmself known to this communtty; but in poli- tics it was only univereally understood last au- tumn that he was an active and liberal demo- crat; while as a diplomat he {s one of the “ new beginners” of the present administration. His letter, therefore, will be satisfactory, as affording the intrinsic evidence expected of his full appre. ciation of his position and dignities as an Ame- rican citizen, and of his responsibilities as an official representative in Europe of the govern- ment, and people, and institutions of the United States. His complimentary allusions to the sturdy and intrepid Hollanders are also in good taste: They area brave people. Not only their own liberties, but the liberties of England, and the independence of this great nation of ours, are largely due to that little sea-wa~hed con/edera- tion whence the ancient Knickerbocker ser#iuars of New Amsterdam sot sail— “ Two hundred years a.” And we have every reason t» » Weve that Mr. Belmont will zealously la»or to redeem his promises, in connection wi'1 the confidence of the administration, and {i+ responsible duties attached to his mgpointm uxt, to the tullest ex- tent. Gen. Pierce has amply vindicated himself against any suspicions which may have been raised against him during the Presidential can- vasa, of a prejudice against our adopted citizens. He has appointed a Frenchman to Spain, an Englishman to Naples, a Hebrew to the Hague, and any number of Irishmen, Germans, Italians, and other foreign born citizens, to posts of honor and profit, at home and abroad. And we ven- ture to say that the sequel will prove that his confidence in most, if not in all, of these ap- pointments has been judiciously bestowed. In any event, we think it a logical deduction that a man who has proved himself a good citizen, and a competent man in the largest operations of finance and trade, whose talents and accomplish- ments are undoubted, and whose experience and observation comprise much not only of the financial and commercial, but of the political movements of Europe, may safely be trusted with the mission to the Hague. Let him not forget Captain Gibson. And where is our friend Seeley, with his jewels of the Prince of Orange? Now is the time for squaring up all outstanding accounts with the Dutch, Tue Mexican Bounpary anp tae Paciric Raitroap—A Litre Too Fast.—It appears, by a late despatch to this paper, from Washington, that the Freeman’s Journal, of this city, has been a little too fast in the promulgation of the instructions alleged to have been given to Gen. Gadsden, our new minister to Mexico. Our correspondent says, that as given by our Catho- lic cotemporary, those instructions are entirely fabulous; that the administration does not pur- pose to relinquish the Garay claim; nor does it think of accepting as an equivalent for the Te- huantepec route the free right for a railroad along the thirty-second parallel of north lati- tude. We apprehend. however that there is some basis for the Journal's statement of the case. It is well known that Gen. Davis, the Secretary of War. stands high in the confidence of Gen. Pierce; that the former, in behalf of the lat- ter, broke ground recently with marked ex- plicitness in favor of the Pacific Railroad as a government work and that the Wasbing- ton Union eraphatically endorsed the views of the chief of the War Office. It is also well known, or should be, that Gen. Pavis, daring the discussion of the treaty of Guadalupe Hi- dalgo in the Senate, preferred to the line of the Rio Grande and the Gila, the more southerly boundary of the Sierra Madre or Mother moun- tains, thence westwardly. or by a line northwest tothe Gulf of California and the Pacifle. His reasons for this line were those of a military engincer. The boundary of the Gila confining us to the course of that river, hems us ia a laby- rinth of mountains, which are utterly indefensi- | hle against the incursiuns of our Apaches into | the Me: n States, South of this mountain cha'n of the Gila, there is a wide expanse of | cpen country or elevated table lands, embrac- ing Col, Cooke’s wagon route from the Rio (unde to the mouth of the Great Colorado. IMs train was attached to Gen. Kearny’s army; and the route of the Gila being impassable for anything but mules or the toughest mountain- | letters chain of mountains ofthe Gila. The object, there- fore, of Gen. Davla, in securing a line further south then the Gila, was to secure a defensive boundary through an open country, adapted to military movements and military stations, and capable of affording supplies by attracting settlers and encouraging the rearing of eattle and the cultivation of the soil, Now, the pos-- session of this route 0! Coloael Cooke, em- bracing the disputed 6 of the Mesilla, from various reports, ficial and unofficial; covers, perhaps, the ouly eligible railroad rovta from the Rio Grande to the Pacific ocean, It is natural. too, that the Secretary of War should prefer this route to any other, It is the, most Southern route, and he is an extreme Southern man. But, independently of a rail- road, we presume that the Secretary of War would even now preter a boundary south of the Gila mountains to the present indefensible line, ina simple military point of view. And we have reason to suppose that if General Gadsden can secure by negotiations, on reasonable terms, the Mesilla valley under dispute, and , the open country comprehending Col. Cooke's’ Wagon route to the we-tward, we shall get it— first, in view of our frontier defensive obliga- tions ; and secondly, in view: of the chances for the Pacific railroad, That Gen. Pierce and his cabinet, to plense the South, intend to assuine the responsibility of locating the Pacific Railroad. on Mexican territory, is simply absurd. That they intend to make the location of the said .road.a condi- tion in the settlement of questions: pending be! tween us and Mexico, is equally ridiculous.’ But that they will, if they oan upon convenient terms. extend our boundary across the oper country south of the Gila is a totally different question. One thing is quite eertain—we shall: have large indemnities to answer for, from & failure to protect the Mexican frontiers from the Iudians of our side of the line, as required to: do by treaty. It is also certain that while this treaty stipulation continues in force, and the Gila river continues to be the boundary, it will be impossible to proteet the Mexican frontiogs against the Apaches, short of their absolute ex termination. The 11th article of the treaty, therefore, must be abrogated, or the boundary must be changed. Mexico will hardly eonsent to absolve us from the duty of defending her frontiers against our own savages. She may’ consent to cede us a more available line for her protection—a line which we may defend an® settle, with many substantial advantages to both parties. And it in such cession we shal? secure the shortest route aud most feasible at all seasons of the year to the Pacific, so much the better, ~ We can only say. then, that from the reasons indicated, and setting aside entirely the Te- huantepec route and the Pacific Railroad, it ig the manifest policy of our government to secure another elice of Mexico, aud of Mexico to let us ha*e it upon reasonable terms. And we ar@ inclined to think that Gen. Gadsden will have something to say upon that subject, ig connection with the existing surplus of hard cath in the treasury. We presnme that Gen, Almonte ts limited in hix instructions, and that any overtures tor the purchase of Mexican soil will have to be laid before Saata Anna him- ~ self. But as he is in waut of money, aad as the cession of the land embraeiag a defensive boun- dary would be as advantageous to Mexico as to us, we think there is a iair prospect ofa bar- gain. Make room! make room! It is “ mant- fest destiny.” We cuu't hel it; we have toda it. We must take care of the Indians, Tue Pore’s Nexcro axp THE War STEAMER. Micuican—A Consipenante Foss anour No- THING.—We published the other day, @ para- graph from the Detroit Tribune, setting fortlr that the captain commanding the United Statea steamer Michigan, stationed on the lakes, had. surrendered his ship to the discretion of Arch- bishop Hughes, and was carrying our distin- guished prelate from point to point, on his busi- ness connected with the Catholic Chureh, andat the expense of the United States treasury. It now appears that the steamer Michigan— no doubt by order of the administration—has been turned over to the accommodation of the lately arrived Monsieur Bedini, the Pope's Nuncio, in his travels along Lake Michigan and Lake Huren, and that our venerable Arch- bishop was with him only as his travelling com- panion. Monsieur Bedini is the Pope’s Nuncio ta Brazil; and,*en route through this coun- try, under instructions, has called to look after the interests of the church in the United States, bringing with him a congratulatory letter front His Holiness to His Excelleucy President Pierce. Having laid that letter before the President, we « suppose the latter has thought fit to show to his distinguished visiter from Rome something of the current hospitalities always recognized as due to official functionaries of a foreign poten- tate visiting, in a social way, the chief magis- trate of a friendly nation. Hence. we suppose, the privileges of the United States steamer Michigan allowed to Father Bedini and Arch- bithop Hughes, as his traveliing companion along the great lakes. There is nothing, we would suppose, very criminal in all this. Itis but a short time since that a private ambassa- dor from the Sultan of Turkey was voted ten thousand dollars by Congress for his travelling expenses, and had all possible public facilities accorded him throughvut his official tour of our country. More recently we detailed a vessel of war to bring over Kossuth and his companions in exile, all the way from Aria. But there was no harm done thereby to the institutions of the country, excepting the temporary danger of get- ting us into a war with all the despots of Bu- rope at the same time. In this case however, of the Pope’s Nuncio, the Detroit Tribune is raising a most horrible outery. and has got up quite acoutroversy with the Catholic press of Detroit on the subject. Monsieur Bedini is held up as a tyraat—is charged with being a Jesuit--with having, im Italy, condemned one “Ugo Bassi to be flayed alive, and then shot.” \c. Here is a specimen of the Z'rivune’s overdone indignation :— In reply to the Vindicator, it has never, to our knowledge, been denied that Bedini is the My sentative of an independent sovereign.” Bat it is denied that he is a representative to the government of the United States, in any diplomatic capacity whatever. He may have brought a “congratulatory letter” from the Pope to President Pierce. “Con- gratulatory” letters, or letters of foreign dignitaries, introducing ‘the bearer’ to the offivials of this na- tion, are a kind of courteous bore that our exe officers are often oflicted with. But that Be | a diplomatic agent from the government of Rome overnment of the Unired States, had official the President, is not tree. ‘There is a vast difference hetween a fore! representative to our government avd the Pope's “representative in this country.” Redini ix the Pope's Nuncio—the spiritual ambassador and expovent of the Pope's will and desire to the bishops, priests and Jesnits in the United States. His sole mission here is to farther ey he of the ae ym Rome. Soap ic op, every lie est, every Jesnit, representative” of the Pope of Rome f to the 4