The New York Herald Newspaper, August 10, 1853, Page 6

RATIONAL "SCIENTIFIC CONVENTION, — Americes Association for the Advancement of Science. Spoctal Report of the New York Herald, FIFTH | AY—GENERAL SBSSIC VELAND, August 2, 1353. The Associa is morning at a late hour, and clocted ag members:—Dxr. Robert Thompson, ; H. Bradford, New York; L. V. c 2, Ohio; Wm, P. Clark, Dr. R. P. Stevens, W. Vaa Pelt, Nev vc; 4. Friedlander, Berlin; A Skinner oe, New York, A regolution wos reported, calling on Dr. B. A. Gould to prepare an obituary notice of our wands pecked about the mouth of the low it to proceed. The has rapidly increased a powerfal leversge end mer to force them dowa, ted, however, they feequently decceud very easily omit arrestot vy & i The prevent system cam sosrovly be cumk say wor, for, alhovgh the bottom is free, ao geast ia the ors! pressure that the tubes canvot be etariod by & power under which the jointe show cigna of giviog Way, Otber tubing of euth a size as to bo ist dowa taaite of the present system, wil! be spesdily prooured, wea. it i beped, the work will sgain be prosecuted with vigor. A brief notice of the priacl oa! tools wey mot be ous of place. The reds used aro of ploe, about 35¢ meter ard 20 feet levy, tapering at thair exiromitics, v0 ibey ere armed with iron beads beariag ccrows. toa rod, and boch are les ‘int tubes desconded v Leary blows of & rau When 1 | | ts above the mouta of the weil, by au lron cateh or yoko, beacath on he eorew A second is then @, end i Je iron bar wed to the first ow . hud ts ed to the second: ad ca E, au 60 on Tho upp r rod cid sur perded either wholly or in part, as ths ea. giiser Gsciresy by © mornble pulley, aud boars w croas bar or kaodle, by tusans of which tho workmea may * aghast 0% they p! ait tant tinguished fellow-member, Prof. Sears ©. Walker. |" rods and tool as they please, The ouisf tool is ea A =ldpe © auger, used for boring clays, mari, or any con- The resolution ji: s over for the action of the Stand- ent layer not of stoney li 38. it iv excondi zh whom ail resolutions are ing Committe: presented. PROTION NOMY AND MATREMAT er, & Telescopic A A and Dimensiona of the of the Instability of 1) ties in the Orbits of the ve Form C: Geme, toroids. ton. abla forms of equ xoid plaast was vSry pes The rv 4 rotating isly one apposed ae rupiure of the wert thus saperated, oma the? partiom farthest fron the mun would have & velocity of tramslaiion warily equi valent to the’cruitat velosity derived from the poruoa nearest to the au», would Lave a velocity of iransiati equivalent to ths difference of those aame twa valac +? ts chewhere originating would ba sti efiected. how the excosa of velocity ia the imatancs would c use the sstercit to describo a new or- Bie in which thu radius—Vector of the original planet— would reproseot very nserly the pertholioa distance: while ths dulerenes of yowweisies would cause tho oppo site faagmoent or astereid to commeace its motion vary nearly ie aphotion heen taken by D , ¢ ellipticity of sae orivtaal plumes a2 s part of lis yporherls, which recms novortl to be requisite id order to ae adequate offset. Dr. Lamont bas moxeover Ceigra ed somo of the asterods which eucea to have originated in the way hero speclied. Now if, difering somewhat from these, we utlest those satcroida who-e o: bits dur mach fa siz, aud yet have the perihelion a1 anes tm tho oralt of ona cesr'y eq te the pphelion @etance in thas ef the other, thea kai ing the existing wsbicuel velasition at these potats, we wey &pproximete ta the differance of velocities of the two fragments in querion. With this, aud the time of ro ‘tanor of the plawet derived from “Kickwood's Aaalogy,’”” we oy (bem obain an proximation to tho planet's Loiamerer which, however, would most probably hat too wall as the rupture of the planet would }robsbly oeour precisely at tha tims of (ts equinox. Wo, with the sxe time of rotation anda probable manas and Gewsity derived from similar sources, we again obiein the equatorial diameter aud sleo the ollip- ¥sity, aod thence tbe poler diameter. The equatorial Giamctor (hus ebesesd. if the doastty bs assumed as uni- form, wilt mont preasbly be too great. com the mean of two results Ss Teepectively obtalued tt would at prectat eppear that the cq us teria! diassetor of the planet ‘wee mbout ifty theusand miles, whils its polar diamoter was acexcoly (eater thau the thisimsss of the bright rings Of Setura \ Criterion for the Rejection of Doubtful Observations. By Prof. B. Peirce, of Cambridge, le ome Errors peculiar to the Observer, which may afiect Ccterminations of the declinations of the Fixed étors. By Prot. Joon H. GC. Collin, of the Washing- ton_ Observatory. New Formulas of Spherioal Trigonometry, By Prof. W. Chauvenet, of the U. 8. Naval Academy. Theory of the action of Neptune upon Satura. By Prof. B. Peirce, of Cambridge, Mass. On fens toward Lig the sories 1 ee Ser are Reales” poi tiet 6. i Jot % tees forp—O. By Dr. Julius Friedlander, berlin. None of these papers would interest the generai roeccr, They ere deep and very besutifu!, properly ee NATURAL HISTORY AND KIRPRALOGY, CHEMISTRY, GBOGRAPHY, AND J PENOLOCY, Jr ofessor Holdeman in the chair. The first ee i rection wes ° The Artesian Well, . by the Rev. P. R. Lynch, of Charles- GR0LOGY, ton.” This oll, commenced ix 1858 by He. “Andrew Welton, | uxder the euthormy of the city oevncd, is the ffta t Chartestow to procure gout water by means of eu. Ia L224 ono wea andertetea under the i y end sunk to the depth of 335 feet, when ‘Line fron rods trtsted off im the eit and could aot be ex- Ia £56 (?) @ egeond offert was cande by private ch forpeiss, ent oom ehandoned for waat of means, In | 1:46 Geptain Bowman w ook as at Fort Sumter, | 5 7, veéer tbo authority of tas general zovera: | roont. ‘She epprogyistion giving ant, this work w: pended efter et aisang the depib of Jud fast. Im 1847 erator Une was cromenced ie the aity, aud was sunk O09 feat The following year the oity coumeil engaged | the kervices of Mx. ¥ who hand t maay wells | ia Aleberma, end etver 5. W, Seaton, with geeet suc c'sa Ho prefered '@ commonce agew. From that time tho wook bas boom purvevoringly followed op, with on! fob Clays 2s woe mogearary for ovtaining tudes | tho well has obtamed @ Copth of 1,145 feet. Pew walls | Lave prosecuted es taasy duiisultes, ar called for groater Ghaclceiom is & Ioece elluvial cemd, about twoaty fect filet, (ho Lower hs of which in saturated with water, Fomesth this ese stiff, compact clay (postpisiocene goredvelly peering into a ened Li rbout forty feet thuck. Atrixty fest balow the a fizra cece mer) in Cacountered, tke various wtcate of which exe, in tha eggregn’s, ax Aucdred and Atty foot tuiok. Dseeath these, acd differing but Kt ‘om them mr mineretogical characior, lie tha cretacsous strats of | Both, the eooses and tea ore- | Ay ee y 6 unkoowm thiskmess. | | | The same viow of tne aubject Vaus far has | * Lamont, but us bas not ivoladed the | the depth of to be $2: ty Je ana ingowions lado, ao inch wide sad bait rT, and terminates in two cutting © those of s dyill for boring irom. about six wo bitts Like those of a plave no on each wide of the seatral pitt, ned at an angie of 45 degrees, so as to o auger like twist of the biade; tho uaper e: of those bitts are extomded backwards owe et to tho 8 = portion zal blade terminates ima strong tube, with & ¢ suger thus made iy sorewed Ww s. metal hteen or twonty feet long, sud this again ia he lowest or fir: he earth cut by the ia ehaviogs, ascend their incliaation, aad is round the stom. Ip a tenacious soil n becomes sn sir and water-tight piston ‘h cammet be extracted from a great depth kof breaking tools and machinery. In ’saugur, (patented by him and Mr. Cooper, cr partner im Alabama ) this dificulty is admi- viared, The stem, or metal tude, above the au- nas Unree or four suituble orifiees near its top, As ter above enters into these, pas- em and upper portion of the an- s through two ayertures benoath the to the cavity under the load, By a dexte- on of this st , in aw suitable sy be bored, centire load brought up rtion of the Where rocks are en- i. This is made ia jsual form, and is rendered weighty by the use of one or two from rods to which it is screwed. A slip this tool to the wooden rods, t when the chisel is on the lrk has fire or six inches play. Thi raised say two feet and a half, by which the tened and the chisel is raised two feet. h M; the chisel strikes the rock, tae rods continne thelr descent for six inches more, and thus escape the shock of the concussion, which would otherwise quickly shaiter thelr joints ‘The dotritus of ¢ long, walt suspended pe rocke chipped by the chi or mutor sand that e in the bottom of the well is extracted by 8 cop- por tube or bucket, 20 feat long, of nearly the sae dis- incter as the yell, and having # valved bottom. This the moat efficiont tool for penstrating Ba provided the tubing of the well is msde te keep pace with it. Yhe eccentric chisel and yaricug ctuer tools for enlacging the woll, axd the instruments for extrecting brokem rods lost tools, &0., are equally ingenious and efficient. A descrip tion of them, however, would pe tedious and, perhaps, not exactly made intelligivle without drawings, ‘Tae Charlesten Hasim is formed by a depression in the creta- ceous strata. as they descend the Atiantic slope, aed pass under the waters of the Atlantic, I narrow diameter or minor axis, from rear Georgetown to Beaufort, is a little over 100 miles along the coast, northeast aud souch- west, while the semi-ma/or axis, from Charleston to Lex- ington, is about 120 milee. To the northeast the cre- taceous strata crep out; to the southwest, the lower eo- cone beds, immediately over tho oretsceous strata, are ue etic aut lag to Sie net west, the sands and artriary clay ou the granite, It was originally hoped that the lowest tertiary stratum under Charles. ton, would be a water bearing cand, the contiauation of thet which on the northwest , immediately over, lea the grahite, and is traversed by the chiet river of the State, This hope has not beon realized. The lowest tertiary stratum proved to be under Charleston an ar, marl, in which little or no water was found. Wesrenow to reach those cretaceous sands, which are exposed om the north- east edge of the basin, and which, in Alabama, yield a tifal supply of water to several hundred So far several streams of water have been met, the loweat of which rese in the tubes ten feet over the surface. Of the logical results of the well nothiag need be said here; the fossils it bas yielded will find an appropriate place ia the forthooming work of Professors Tuomey and The temperature of the well has been examixed from time to tume, as the work progressed. For this pur, we used a Six’s registering thermometer, obtained from Pike, in New York. With the first the temperature at 900 feet, was repeatedly taken, and found 25 degrees F. This instrument appeared to be im no wise deranged by its submersion in water te euch m depth. Wo compared it re- peatedly with the best thermemeters im the city, during and after the trials, Unfortunately, it was afterwerds accidentally broken. Another was obtained from the same source, which was not tested or compared with other thermometers by us before it waa submerged. [Le dast.experimeat was again to try the vemperature at the depth of nine handred feet. Tue index marked 8244 deg f. as before, Some time afterwards, ocher expert- ments were made at various depths, with erratic ano ua- nresults. A careful comparison of it with ot! enta shows that now it permanently marks 12 1G. above the | real ——. The reputation of the maker, acd the first trial by myself, giving a true aa- that it was then sccurate. Is the pres- are of the column of water ie the wise awator bearieg, and | tacoous stants Combet of altecnsiise layers of hard limo- | stone, firm rant}, eand atonos wad loose sands, seldom conte letog Ion Wie twonty per osat of carbonate of I Me has bed to chil ais way through sot tran £5 WOKS. 8 Cost icon Cubes, Of wx inches internal dizmeter, were at | first auek cighby fees (o oxolods the supsrficial and the | cceno henda. Lut as thess succeeded in gradually et various times uubil Goal firmly ou 4 thay x thick yook 220 fect deep ti od of LooeG £084 wes foond, wick po Snobs bed tha sogiaa+e at drat strove to ex- | bout—thet ia, ¢@ draw out with the bucket all the | pend Met woul? pam in and ipeds work cporalim, repeated at various pi conaipto of & rerienof chambers, some perhaps of several fect in Ciameter, ono below the thar, nnd ail connected togothor by the 'warrow ncck-like passage of the well, fiuce ends balfinchss diamater, rough the intermediats yoke. in oy ‘The engineer coworelty found tho welt Fook, sometimes ans hundred aud i then he hed Yeft is ths ok Guantities, that 99 pcograss could ba made fifty or ono huadved fae’ less doep i ng evsuing. haust the aten for tolling La vain for « long time to ama, it wes Gctermtcod to obo then ys system of tub- | @o this the passages (hrouz' ait tha rocks bad to pened, from three aod e bait ty Give inches dis victor, This was dons. At the depth of four bandred and eovessty (cet thors eras a rock on tools had ge novelly lopieged, and which saught es. With Cravtog those that jose Was wo: eppcercd that & le in ho Oss projects Denes and bed slwe wm the tools cizeoion. Fe eas of Sovath Wraian off wes e Lorge chamber, and th out lostag their pexpandi Tuo on “ore #igG oF Oh thoy mower could bs sito tid point doe the whols work tual to bo dow over aga'a courage acd Hill tm ths cugineer. ‘Ths superficial soi of | }, yy Cowawards, peisiag ucder the mouth | these reeults somewhat uncertain. mio the wall the tubed were sunk deeper | will be iby this | lower and hott the well finally | clases were » Lt seven handred feet tueraats rsa ia x0 sleadily | ond me 4hin mee foaliy efiteted, and absot 'rom tubes tort sent | dopr to Mut ous the rania Tho weil waa them 0 . Goan to 1,00 feeé; bas ogeim the sands came ia, and tinued | flied the weil fer ovte # hundred feet. The tubing, | sovere’ hur dred foes of which had baem sont dowa, found foo Veh’, and unmanageable, The engi: galved to withdraw ‘6, and isaoet instead wrought irom | ton, 4% cxtoensi aod 4 inches iatermal diameter, sorcwed tcecther eo 2 to form one contiauous tube from tins hottom of the woll to fixe surtace of the earth, This wan Ube largest size which the somewsat warped east firm ae ot four fect of dhe it tading obetinately refused to be ex- tencted. end 1) Below tho surface, Nothing daunted, tus enginoor thrust ep of it eside tate the chambers, and out | have already formed a catalogue of noarly ove husdred in ay. throug the rect, and bas finally succeeded | well mazked apecien, from the f diate vicinity of the io ing tha wrought icon tubes to the depth | stratum of coal which | have mentioned, and ! have frag: of 1,102 feot, and bias bored 43 feet lower «till. f at lean enty additional species, too impe Ya sinking there tubdse, wich generally followed a few satisfactorily determined, but which are Scot behind (ho auger or cinisel, little difficulty was mot, | dently different from thore I bave ennumerated. Nor is save from the rodia. When one of these was encounter. | the catalogue by any means complete. | roaroely ever @4, the tube was arrosted, if possible, s (oot or eighteen visit any of the coal mines in ovr vicinity without brin inches above its surfeos, and % tool tavented by Mr. | ing back with me apecies which | had not before fow Vdton ‘ici could bo opemed when on | and as the plante of a former world had somewhat the ‘tho bottons, uole five inches disweter, and | local babitut of recent plants, tie ra of esck which coutd bs olored at pleasure so as to be withdrawn ceal mine being rote! t dlforent fiom that or jap wnt ah ployed pessage of tubs. At times others, either comtaining species or a different prepon tubes would rast immediately om tne rock, or would | Geraace of wpecies. With (very new epening into the | be canelit by some Protuberancs wile passing through | eos) stratum, we are almost nure to ond someuuning new ft. Im this caw, the tool jnvt ratarrod to was not sutli- | and this will dcubtiess con +0; for certainiy tt could open out only at a certain distance be mouth of the tube 008) fixed in (he #9i), more than 700 feet | it is rare that more than ‘about thirty which it would therefore | thie wtratum of cos) has 6a suche submersion would In the well we could handle it more gently. end baw! eautic Jed up by band with all possible delicncy aad following interesting table of the tempera- various depths, has been prepared by vue, of the State Military Academy, MUeBis CO uu it as far as they go. Degrees Fahrenheit, 8 of temperatur temperature 9, a do. i de. At 500 do. do. he At €0, et 0 oevus commences. imperfect character of the instrumeot remiers From this table it The The greatest ntlnued aad gowers!ly undernesth siargeandhard | places at which streams of water were eccountered, and | into | the yaristions may be due to the fac that the weil passed a higher and less hh some as they descended fr ted, and through othors as they descended trom a er level, aad while the waters of both I te some extent influenced by their pre- ‘Tue average rate of incresce of tem- F. for every fifty-two anda half feet, ore obtained in other wolis, le by the usa of a delicate meter, such os is used United States Coast terep re, 1 deg. gicea with the results here We hope eon to veri ble me Lawrence Smith m of the ca!corous ‘m: of tet wi Ss man both geolo- gically {nthe former point of view, ra. roarke were thoy mnecessary, a3 it has been fully tcaied of by Piole: it has been examined ‘Tomy i atities of phosphate of nt. This fact is ew, a3 the and atittle corboante of 39 aniouut of Js last being come organic er, coming this artesian well penetra de adont t ni he marl was also commented on | paper was ‘On the Carboniferous Flora Descriptions of filty new species of lante—Sly Dr. J. 8. Newberry, of Cleye- te ‘The origin of the phos- land.” ‘The shales and sandstones asseciated with the lowest stratum of eoa! in the Ohio basin, along the llue of its rorthern outcrop, farnish a» greater variety of fossil would zilow ‘o pasa through Twonty- | plonte than has, perhaps, ever been found within the | ¥ same geographical and straticraphical mits, Ia Larope, species of plan stratum of coal; yet f are found e'ated with a sin, not a hondredth part of the certhern liye of outerop of heen explored, Soave standing on & lodge. ilera, the engineer, having of this region cillers considera from that of any othe; Sent drill 374 ined entirely through the rocks | jocntity whieh bas bitherto been studied in (ci aaniey: nnd into the atratam delow it, nent down another | I baye recently examined s collection ci one hwudeed oF Coal, closed Lge ny doncent, and made to open ont | more species fom Pennsyivanis,, and found vot more than pert mpage tocutespassage through it of the | one in twenty thet i haf collected from the bare of out requisite from the bottom upwards to the mouth of productive con! mensines, The cause of tuis d lererce is the tubo done the tool could be closed and with. . not, however, so much the goograplien! 2s the sirati- erawn. Mono of those tools cansed any ombarrasement, cn distzibution of species. Mach stratum of « or failed to lees theie purpose, although worked with » | bas » ora in sore respecta peculiar t f Londle more (oo « thousand feet Notwithstand- | any eyecier running through the syste: ars to tp the ure of Cio «ob paxfect tubes that could be pro- = sutmmit. [In Penneylvania, the anthrs 7" «eed, the fe \! comtiaued te give annoyance. As Pottsville, ‘arbindale, Willesbarre, dc, 4 rida were 6) ewe, they ‘con rash in from be- | minous region of Frostburg, tha lova! where eal Oy) | the vacant space, somedmes | mines are mort numerous—have furnished noariy all t wn, a down: Sach « current was wh mart the «ol Of 60 feet almost instanta- _ forsil plants collected in that State; and in all these Ic | fe calities the vegetable impressions and the shale: ciated with the lower strata of coal, have bee iy obliterated by the ignews action which has driven the yolatile motive from the conl; hones collections are made from the upper beds, and the plants goucrnily :osembling, similsriy let down | Tt was guarded by a tin cylinder, and let dewa | seen that the increase of temperatura by no | | means tallies with the increase of deptn. | low this point thp alterna- | increase of temperature seems to occur about those | ae, by wiyeelf, and the | The fossil fora | end wany epecies idemtios! with the pleats of the upper coat wexies of Ohio, aro,very different from those of var ) vicinity, ‘bis diferemce in the fossil ite cf the aif {mews rtrete of coal is the veries which gaa to be con scwot in obi locelities where | have had say opportunity for Cheervation, it 1s a fact of cwoaiderable govloyicsl ia. terest end importance, aud especially so at th when we are tasting ie d ways the old class’ tion of geology. ‘There is. perhaps, no seavon why Pp thould nos be as dingouossic of otrate a5 suimel foselis. Although hitherto there has boom alwost | nocfiert to determios the placs of dilfereat epeciss a | plac for ua ny stom, 1% has boea coastdaret | far enough whea it is found thet sheco withia the limitso! suas Lyell, N. &e ng pesullarities of the fossil Cova of ide from the presence of parviculse bpecles—cousista In the prepunderance of mpkerop ie Li calasai'es, eigilaria and leptdoltoduidra, of whiou there | are at least & doze cies each, with the ab lepicephloros, tregouecarpoa. These f geceraily preserved in great beauty ® | the carcswaen they are litte o: ternal cherecters given wi'l shales the forma ero ro colored groend, their fructificauon beautiful An importan enee of the fossil ps liar to t pper eur ecn known w HOLT im Athens cow we of the State, on the 0. Tadpole. By From the a: ‘been observed pheacmena ia the reproduction of toads and fregs which wors anomalous and difficult of explana- tion, both Shaw and Ray, as well us many others, noticed vhese animals appearing under coud. tons in which | their birth and early period of life in water seemed quite | impossible, Tbey, therofore, attempted to explaim this peculiarity by supposing that (ese animals were some- Vimer viviparous, Quite recently the eubject has at- tuacted some attemion in Sogland, « Lows bas stated rome fects whick would chow that the observation of these older naturalists correct, and that, therefore, toads ot least msy be produced without the larval ted- pole state. A Mr. Jeoyiis hae n'so confirmed these views, it la well bmown that the commen mole of reproduction 7 veo Roimals, 8 thet they repair to the water at the hreecing resaom, where the eggs are laid, which are soon hatebed into ¢ fish like anigsl—tho tadpole, This aninial breathon by gills, and its whole Life, es woll as many parts uf ita stractute, correspond closely with those of fishes. Here the exiremities, the hied and foro legs, are developed, the tail is dropped, and the animal is then a frog or tond, ready ard capable of terrestrial lif preathieg by lungs and cspable of locomotion, Tho wh structure of general or speciel parts of these avimals, dosa not admit of their vivipari nd the egis in all instances must be fertilized out of the body. Such are tho gomera!l reistions cf the case. Now, itis well known that teads live incellars year after year, where they ro-produce, myrieds of little toads appearing all at onc’, and whore there id no waler ae Thaye also obsecved them breeding most prolificly in gardens which boarded iv and which were romoved 134 m freeh water. This apris: near Boston, was 60 filled with them that he ly walk about ; atid anew brood which was just ing I oarefully examines. that they could searce few days old. It could mot bi have come from any water, tle near more thap a mile of, esreful ezaminaston shewed that they munt have been bred in the bagk wall of the house ; for this was Glied holes out of which the old ones went and came, EF therefore, there animals were prodaced without wa’ and without, of course, the tecpols, ill breathing stage. ‘The eggs must bave been hatehd im dawp carth, and the litle animals, which fof course when born,’ were of a tadpole form, must have immediately shed their tails and commence respiration b7 lurgs instead of by gills, If this ia #0, a9 would sppear,'I regard it as one of the most remarkable phenomena we are acquainted with in nature. That from mere circumstantial contingencies an animal ca: from the conditieus of ite larval put ev all the characteristics served with any other animals, duction of the four legs with the tadpo! the loss of the tail, the frog 1s formed, belongs solely to simple developmental processes—in other words, the idea, so to speak,of the perfect frog is contained co: plete in the tadpole, and even thece rew parts exist in Tudimontory form, exactly as all the parts of a butterfly peed oar im 8 primitive form in the caterpillar. The conditions, therefore, of the charge of # tadpole to a frog are those of simple growth only, Now, according to. all the Jaws of the empryonic typical structure of the tailless Bat: ochians, that these tcads are truly of the adult form when but that they are true exactly as though to live in water, for, although. ratuze is prophetic in her types, she is not prophetic of the contingencies of circum: stances. The sudden transformation, therefore, of the tadpole to the toad would involve changes of the internal organs of the hichest physiological interest—the dispens- ing with the gis and the immediate performance of the respiratory function of the lungs, organs which ie, by which, witl there rre changes in the aiimentery canal, and above al the sudden pushing out of the legs. I am satisfl Therefore, that the subject, wlien fully investigated, will throw new light on the conditiea of the developement of | orgens azdperts, and unless the data I have given are | incorrect, it ts cf uo little importance in physiological sciente. uacommon, they are the cause of mort of the mam. ot swe observe, acd lmsy bere mention that Hig- ncoveded in preventing the the frog, by keeping it m, of Eogland, dcvelopement of “the ixdyote into | ressed condi 4 kee it under relations verse to thore of its orcinary lie. In this way these | tedp vay be preserved as such an indefinite lengtin | cftime, Buti arrying of the develope nontel pre- cosses in nature is as rewakable aa it has uitherto been | considered impose | _ Here fol! wing some On the & By Dr. W. SB sa handsome paper by Dr. Rarnett, gnification of Cell Segmentation. ett, of Boston.” it is pleasant to linger om the confines which separate the inerganie frem the organic wort? enter from to time that elmost unexplore unoxplorable ics wh al ¢xinvens : resent hat may led (Le ma) ter, | ard to be e spectaior of tho-e preparatory coxomonies of esture which wait upon (ae introduction of 9 new being to individual Lie, onditiona aud general relations of cella as the primordia of all orgaaizat | pretiy well determined in physiology. t be the (abries or organisation have tacir proximate origin | end thelr fins! erorth. Beautiful, fore, 28 well a8 | important, is the full appreciation that :his single sim- | ple body is the final expression of all that which lives, | moves aud thinks tbat bewuty whch we worship, and | intcllect which we admire, is all prosimatively connected | with tbe grosth and use of cells, The ovum, out of | which all ind: nal life arises, is morphologically only a | ceil, for, as J have traced its origin in the ovaries of in- | sects, it aries as a cell and ever after maintains its | general ceil form, alshongh {t may altimately be com- posed of wumerous cells. Its viteilu scorrespomds to the ceil membrane, its germinative vesicle to the nucleus, \ and its germirative d.t the nocleolug. The oram, there i 1 point of view, only « nucleo- Il. Physiologically it is, of course, someching Ler, since it is the potential representative of the | female for the production of a new being. The processes, | therefore, which belong to the ovurn are truly cell pro | cesses og far as ol) their matorial expression’ are con. | cerred, This point is worthy of remembrance, for it ad- | dresses that underlying harmovy and uulty in nature, § s pecking as by % pre to the definite expression of the coming animal, are a4 follows ther with its germinative vesicle, di- hich are ukewice spheres. Each in divides in a like manner, and \ ues ontil 3 Oat of this | mass, 6r rather st firet on it, is formed st traces of 6 whole substance is gradualiy used "30 is developed, ‘Tuls pro noceurs with sil ova preparatory to m of the ¢ubryo, whether those ova aro ext or the lowest animals. Viewed mor- appeers to ke the mode of working over z raw roaterials, co that they can be converted cil living form, ‘the question now arises, old be pat on this peculiar pho- relusive sequela of impr lity seeking { €3, more or less oxtend- ‘The vit | vides int tt ora ne ee Wil meet with ‘his same phenomenon in sim plo olated ceily. Thus I have not unfrequently ob rerved epithetfeel ceils multiply in this way by dicho it 4 di , aul im cells cf cancer and othe i: 1 have seen it mest clearly and bean tif It is evident, therefore, that this ser | mentation ig not the prerogative of the ovum, but | that it is pee eminently @ cell procees, As for its relations | to the impregua@ed ovmm, I think they are far from being Gizect and sequent, for I have cbeerved the ovum begin eroent bétoye mprecnation had taken ples. But h both of thesd Jagt pentioned cxceeindividaal cells the unlmpregnated qram—thls process is always ed and abortive, ang 56 definite end, and ai- | though morphoicgically idoutioal, it is only prophetic; it | is, fl may Fo express oveell, a ya after that com. i ality of independent life wlick is attained gh the ovum. With the fertilized ovum, on r hend: these provesses which have been thus xprosed before, uoW assume a definitencss of | net teadily towards an individual ex | clasive end. which wers manifested indistinctly now have @ distirot course and channel for ifestation. The segmentation of the ovura, or cneralty, therefore, iv a vitaliring procase—n wh nianble matter reaches a higher je fil to be the inearnation cf the idea ndividual being, That this is a correct view would to bo indieated by the fact well known fn embry- ology, that thoce parts of tie animal which are of the | most’ noble rsture and function, auch as the nervous | system, are compored of that portion of the ovum which s\cxperienced the most extended subdivision. it is, | indeed, very pleasant to trace the simplicity and ‘beauty | of the’ prove:nes by which vaturo evolves now forms. ‘We have reen that the ovum and the cel are morpho logicelly identical, avd therefore there is but one form | for the tiret manifestations of Life, ard its subsequent velepement and growth. Exactly in the eso way 46 lea blogle process only by which the oarlior con citions of vitality are expresied. Voix seeking atter in- 3 by nature, this ment by a uaity of | plea, f feature im ontural phenomena on which | the tulightened rengou canuot too often dweil, sinca it | cecme to afiord the human mind. through puxely casual na, a gimipoe of ihe grand inteiligeace, On the Fossil Fishes of the Clif’ Limestone of Ohio. By Dr. J. 8. Newberry, of Cleveland. Prof. Barmp had presented a paper for this sec- tion, but withdrew it. The section having no fur- ther business, adjourncd sine ud; Ve Geologion: cection, although comtaialag Wut to , it cannot for a moment be suger 4 have to be devel ped in part et the same time ;¢hen | ‘Arrests of developement with eaimels aro not | the peculiarities in germinative life: | , ace now | They are the | | Nample, single furmef bwiling’ material out of which | very few individuals, bas been very interesting. A few penilacion have brought in a large collection of fe them Mr. Shaffer, of Ciftcinnati; De. New! , of Cleveland; Prof. Hall, of New York; Prof. hi , of Columbus, Ohio; and several others. Prof. Hall expressed the belie’ that Dr. Newberry had the beat-collection of fossil fishes to be found in this country, aud asked the section to request Dr. N. to consider the subject further. aud report especially on this subject at the next meeting. T._R. flan Eranctsco Piro Department, SPBROW OF ITS RIPRESENTATIVE AT THE MILLS’ TESTIMONIAL, At Lafeyetto Hall, on Monday evening, Mr. M. D. Borutk, of San Francisoo, replicd to & sentiment complimentary to the fire department of that city, in the following felicitous remarks:— Drothor Firemen—Usiike every other orgenizvtion, unlike every other body onmetisuted as we aro; knowm to cach ocbor by no ceoret signa, known to cxch otuer by vo peculiar fosignia-yet there ctill exists betwoom us the: sy mpsthorc feeling, which, although watted to you from the far eff geiden abores of the Pacis, prompts me ou this occasion (0 greet you as brother firemen, and to oxpress to you my most grateful acknowledgmen's for the hgh honor you bave conferred upon the fire department of Uho city of daa Feancisco, in thus courteously receiy- ng me emovg you this eventog, It is my good fyrtuce tobe preaeot bore as the representative ofa so deparce mont, which although youmg ia yours has proved itavlf ecient in battliog with our foo aad subd ving its ravages; and, ivis pecullecly gratifying to mo to bo cuabled to aay. ry (hat prom ives the band of nable fellows who have carolled themselves under the baanor of the ice ung i Sam lranciaco, are the gallamt sons of the Ra- pire city, who stand there—as they do here—pro omincat tor their devotion to their duties, bravery in the time of danger, and obedience to the powers that be, New York is weil and faithfully represented when the ** caps’) are out, and Kmyire 1, aod Knickorbocker 5, of San francivco, procent protutypés of ¢he fire department of New Serk. ‘The Gre deparunent of Ssa Francisco, however, is com- poved of citizeus from almost cvery nation om the earth, with ove or two members {com tite rest of mankiud; for, on more thaw one occasion, I have sesa oatives of the Celestial sphere tuggiug manfully ut the ropes. Although wo are compared of inaterial «0 eatiroly eifferent from other depariments, aud reprosentiog eo many and variod a and opinions, sectionality is a thing uokaowa to 5; and { think the words of the lamontod Clay aro most applicable to uap for we know “no South, as East, no North, no West,’’ nothing do we resoguize but that which will }2ove beceficist to the d a body, Our Chief Engizcer, Geo, EH. Hormefross, is a Baltimorean, « man af the highest lest resolves, eusrgetic, per severing exd brave, uniting all thore traits of character and attributes which soae but honert and coascivations ren can posaees. Lo has, by good tact and judgmont, raised tho fire department of his adopted to an omi- nence which be can Jook up to with pride and gratiica- tion; bs iawn honor to the fremea of the Union, and I am gled to bare (his opporsunity of expressing my opinlon ofm, Our sovistanus, of which we Lave th-ee, and our Seoretary of the Board of Delegates, are ull “natives to the mai a,"’ aud rejetoe in the fact that New York wes thelr birth'plase, a ciroumstames which I doubt not will be pleasing to you. Did time end occasion permit, it would afford me much satlefaction to give you more pertiouler icformaticn respecting the departneat of which | havo the gratification of being s member; but at period Like this, when you have assombled to do hooor toa worthy momber of your body, aad to present to hiv your tokem of appreciation of hia worth, it is not proper to inflot a luag speech upoa you; but I bheuld do injustice to my feelings as @ fireman, and pride a8 a meed of prales to tha kh eoship of your late ox-Vresident, Although my several relations with him were not of au intimate charac- yet thay were puch as deoply impressed upon my acd the bigh conse of honor which always distingulehed him through life. I sia happy you ar paying him the compliment for which you have met; i; will serve asa precedent to the young members of the department, that a straightforward, honorable and upright course always | meets ita jnat reward. It is only om occa-ions of this kind that os firemen we feel as if there was something to live for—as if we bad something to gaia. Our gior; and Our laurels are not gathered om the tented field, our {ce is not thet which the battle array presonta, yet, with ail ¢ue honor end respect to those brave epiri ylose bones have whitemed the field in their defence their country and her rights, we are entitled to far greater honors—we are entitied to the laurel wreath for duties nobly done. Our strife is ovly in emulating the utry and fearlessness of our compeers; in the cold winter's night, when tho driving storm besets us, when the fearful cry is given, when the deep mouthed bell sea forth its warning, when the rattling of engines are Boe when the jurid glare lights up the heavens, when | tBe scene is reached our strife then commences, not as to whom shall destroy the most, but as to whom shall mount the topmost round of the ladder, and save the greatest number of lives, and the largest amount of pro- perty. But I am det @ you too long. Again and egain lot me thank you for your kindness, and acknow- ledge the complimeat whick through me you have ex- tended to the fire department of San Francisco, Close of the Investigation into Alderman Deherty’s Charges against the Street Com- missioner. The committee met yesterday and resumed the investi- gation. : Alderman Doherty remarked at the opening, that Mr. Furey had failed to send the monthly report of his depart- ment te the Common Council slace the 1st of February. Such reports should be made on the Ist of every month, shoving the condition of the departinent. Mr. Willard raid thet Mr. Furey had made a special report on the 2d street matter, and that he was not compelled to make amonthly report. Alderman Doherty asked the . , whether the Street Commissioner had, th Cey of April last, made a report to the uneil in writixg, at the commencement of each stated sion, or other in regard to the state of his depart- ment or the busicess [connected therewith, or any sug- ceeticns, in rezard te the improverent thereof, or in ro- lation td the public business of the city. (This question was taken from Miko Walsh's letter.) “ Mr. Willard said, that ike oxly report taade by Mr. Furey, embracing ths matter of 1254 street, was laid before tie Common Coun- cil, and he objected to avy other questions thau thoze connected with the charges régarding the 123d street contract. un Ii, Chambers, Deputy Clerk of Common Council, being storn, the question above was read to bim. Mr. Chaanbers said Le could not answer without looking over ihe proceedings, a5 memory did not tuen serve him, Mr. Chambers procesded to examixe tho official procoed- ings preparatory to making a report whea called onagain by the committes, ‘Alcerman Doherty and the defence then both agreed to rest the case, with the understanding that Mr. Chambers’ report would be received before the committes would re- port. Alderman Tweed, c! the committee, thon Ceclered the investigation clored, and said that com: iittee would report as soon as possidle on ile subject. McGuire, the witners about whom'there were +o many in- quizies at was not called, Theatrical and Musical. ‘Bowsny TuraTre.—The benefit of Miss Julia Turnbull is advertised for this evering. The pieces provided the spectacle of the “Naiad Queen,” and the dramas styled the “ Cross of Death,’’ and the “ Wizard Skill.”’ A very crowded house may be expected. Nisio’s Ganpex.—The pleasing vocalist and actress, Mine. Anra Thillon, is to take her benefit to-night. Don- i's opera of the “Daughter of the Regiment” will be represcuted, Those who intend going should be early in attendance, Denron’s TuraTer.—Manager Barton is to re open his populer theatre this evening. ‘Lhe company engagod is sue ag cannot fail of securing him the same great sut- cers which he has horetofore enjoyed. The piccas to be the Dark,’’ and the ‘Seeret.’’ Nate: ‘Tom's Cabin’ at this establishment have proven very tu- crativye for Manager l'urdy, the houso being crowded to overflowing on every occasion. It will bo repeated this evening. Sr. Crranies Turarne. ame attractive bill of enter- tairment which was given here yesterday evening, is to ye repeated to night. ft comprices the ‘fayisible Prince, and “Tbe Crecle,’’ both of which are well cast. Amunicax Mcstem.—The new aod peculiar drama enti- thd ‘Pauline!’ is to be represented both this afternoon and evening atthe Museum C. W, Clarke aud Misa Lail- iy Mocteyer will persounte the loading chagncters. Fraxcom’s Hirropnrowr.—-Aaother very exciting jrg. gremme is advertised for this afternoon and eyenfng at | this estoblithioent. J. a. t con's benefit is an- nouneed for Friday, Mao and Lady Suffolk are to run. | advertise voce! and instrumental solos, burlesyues and Cancing for to-night. Woon’s Minera. Haut. —A_ yer, sant evening can be spent at this popular resort to ry ' Bocktay's Ennortan Ores Hovst.-—Buckloy’s New Orleans Sorenaders have provided an excelent programme for this evening. Owns’ Ascayt OF Mont BLANC continues to be well pa- tronized, Haavy Roppeny ix Peynsy.vanra.—-#8,800 Srorex.—The dry goods store of Mr. J. Jaqnish, in Williamsburgh, in Blair county, was broken into through one of the windows on the night of the Ist instant, and robbed of $8,000 in bank notes and $800 in gold and silver coin. The notes were of va- rious denominations and on a variety of banks, Among them were ten 6f $50 on the Gettysburg Bank, one $50 on the State Bank of Camden, ten of @10 on the Mechanics’ Bank of Philadelphia. ‘The lover offers $1,000 for the thief and money, or 00 for either. Mr. J. had collected the money with the view of starting to the city on the next doy.—Lancaster Journal, Aug. 9. Dinn or Wounns Recerven ix 4 Dewt..—Glo yanni Scottl, mentioned some time ago as one of the heroes of a duel with knives, which took place on the Lake shore near New Orleans, has died of his wounds in the Charity Hospital. He had a wound between the third and fourth ribs, perforating the longs, and causing an abscess. He had at one time ey recovered, and was discharged from the Hospital, but subsequently returned. The Coroner held an inquest on the body, and returned a verdict of Died of a penetrating wound in the left side, in- fileted with a sharp instrament in the hands of some person unknown. “ EMaNciration IN Suniwas—A letter from Suri- nom, in the Barker Hill Avrora, dated July 14, says that the slaves there are soon to be emancipated and their piacea supplied by Chinese Coolies, one thou- saad of Whica Lave piready beea couteacted Cor, 2 the Lindnevs of his heart, amiability of disposition, | last meeting, was presemt at this, bat H given to night, are, “A Capital Match,” the “Duel ia | 1, Turarer —The representations of “Uncle | Cinieny’s Asmncas Orrna House —Christy’s Minstrels | to 1 Bot be the case. | horses were burned to doath in the siabios, Greenport, L. Greewsrour, L. 1, August 8, 1853. A Voice im Favor of Greenpor—Hs Beauties and Facilities— The Society of Greenport—The Ladies ~- Spirited Regatia—“ Stunna" Lune made by the Boats, While Saratoga, Newport, Niagara, &o, all enjoy a liberal share in the people's paper, the HeraLp, ‘tis my province te cay a few words in favor of Greenport. Quiet, cool, aud pleasant Greenport! In fashion, show, and numbers, Greenport is not cquat to the places named, but in comfort and en. jeyment, is far their superior. Situated upon the beautiful Peconic bay, a fine breeae is constantly on. joyed. ‘Lhe bay affords unequalled facilities for bathing, fishing and eailing, while the society is un, surpassed. ‘The Peconic and Wyandank hotels are ied with (hove who know how to appreciate the quiet eojoyments of this delightful spot. Among the ladies now here we notice Miss Rt******) and Misa B***"*t, of Drooklyn; Miss M***y, of Wavor. ley place ; and Misses E****t, BY**e, P*##*¥ty and Geernee, and Mrs. F**#*#***n, of Syracuse; Mrs, Métep, [peeer, Weeeee, Coetty, and VE" O*#t, of Now York, and a great number of others, to whose music, converration, and bright eyes, we are indebted for much of our enjoyment. We are now enjoying our annual regatta scenes. Those regattas, all about our watering places, might justly be called the com. mencement seasons of the naval schools of our coun- try, aud much of the success our ships have attained may fairly be attributed to these trials of skill. Among the yachts entered this regatta, were the Restieas, of New York, owned by ee W., of New York, Colden Eagle, of Myatic, ML) of Myatic. Ivanhoe, of James © D.C, | of New York. entered by J. lt: Jubr I. Woolsey, of Green port. Par+con, of Greenport, "HLA, P., of Now York, Neo cous, of Greenport, &e., &o. v1 distance sailed was twenty-five miles, round island, and the time made wiil give you some of the speed attained. Tt must be borne in mind that much of the way was against a very heavy sea and wind. The new steamer Agawam accompanied or rather sttempted to accompany) the boats on their course, but only succeeded in getting round the island in company with the slowest of the boats, The following time was made:— No, 1—Restlosa, 2h. {Twin 45e0e, 2—Parogon. 2h, 20min. 4w0c. 5—Golaen Fagle, 2h. 80min, 404a0, 4—Naweaug, 2b. 47min. 60sec. S—Jobn K. Woolzey, 2h. Samia. 25a00. ‘Tho first prize, a beautiful silver pitoher, was wo! by the Restless; the second pe a silver goblet, by the Paragon—a difference of about six minutes be- ing made in her favor on account of size. ‘to yourself snd to your readers who can prize real comfort, we advise a fortnight at Greenport. H. Invitation to the Hon, James Buchanan toa Pabuic Dinner, A number of the citizens of Lancaster, Pa., previ- ous to Mr. Buchanan’s departure from that place on his tuission to England, invited him to a publio din- ner, Which invitation the honorable gentleman de- clived in the following letter:—~- ViEATLASD, NEAR LANCASYER, 284 July, 186 i have received your very kind invitation, yfciends and neighbors, to partake ofa public dinner bofore my departure for Ragland. No event of my pact life has afforded me greator atis- faction than this invitation, proceeding ay it does, with- out disGaction of party, from those who heve known me the longest and known’ me tho best. Forn ia a neigh- boring county, I cast my lot among you when little more than eighteen years of age, and have now eajoyed a hap- py bome with you for more than forty-three years, ex- cépt the intervals which I passed in the public service. During this dong period, I have experienced more personal kindness, both from yourselves and from your fathers, than bas, perhaps, ever been extended to any other man in Penusslvania whohas taken so active a part a3! have done in the exciting dats ioe which baye so peculiarly marked this portion of our history. It was both my purpose and desire to pass the remata- der of my Gays in a.kind of friendly social intercourse with the friends of my youth and of my riper yoargwien invited by the Presitent of my ice, under circam- siances which a sense of duty rendered irresistable, to accept the mission to London. This purpose kes boon now postponed—not (changed, It is my intention to o it into execution, ehould a kind Pro’ prolong wy days ‘end restore me to my native land. truly corry not to be able to accept your invita- tiou. Such ere my engagements, that 1 can appoint no day for the dinner when I could, with certainty, promise to attend. Besides, ‘a farewell dinncr is, at dest, but & inclancholy affair. Should I live to retura, we skail then meet with joy; and, should it then be your pleasure to offer me a welcome home dinner, it sa'l be accepted with ali my leart. ‘ I cherish the confident and pleating hope that, during my absence, I shall live in your kindly recollections, as my friends in Lancaster county shall ever live in my grateful memory. Cordially wishing you and yours, under the ble-siag of Heaven, health, prosperity and ‘happiness, I ramain your friend and fellow citizen, JAMES BUCHANAN, Affrey in Elizabethtown Ky, A_ correspondent in Elizabethtown, Ky., writ the Lou: nal, August 1, as follow. The ele Jay has been a secondary aff: several difficulties, and lastly, an affray betwee Thos. D. Brown, clerk of the court, and the Hon. |, R. Young, exciting more genera! attention. For some time past o difficulty has existed, produced by family matters, hetween these two gentlemen, dnd the friends of have apprehended it wi ter- minate seriously. Today, whilst Dr. Young was acting the peace-maker between some others who were quarrelling, and had suececded, Mr. Brown approached, ond used such aggravating lio- at Dr. Young drew bis pistol, whereupon rown retreated, and the Doctor fired at him some y fect distant, the crowd giving way on ea! side and leaving an open space. Drown thenrushed back, and when within a few fect snapped a pistol at Young, (ihe Doctor haying endeavored to shoot again in the meantime, and fainng, threw the pistol at Brown, bnt missed him.) Jsrowa then strack the Doctor on the head with his pistol, cutting him te the bone, but they were separated before any farther injury was done. this afterncon as Dr. Young was returning from iting a patient, he stopped on the corner opposite the Eagle Ulou-e t> speak to some friends, and Brown, who was opposite, came over, evidently to seek a difficulty, but was taken away by some friends, and Dr. Y. then walked off from hin down to his office, thirty yards distant, where he sat down with some friends: Brown, a few minutes after- wards, came down, stopping in ata grocery, and then proceeded directly to the doctor's office. “When within forty feet the doctor cocked his pistol, and told him to come on. Brown taking his pistol ont and bringing it to bear upon the doctor, endeavored go i) the steps of the next house, when Dr. Young shot him in the left thigh, shattering the hone very badly, without inflicting a mortal wound. Brown's son, a young man of about nincteca, fired at the doctor, (as his father rushed down the stops and fell,) putting eigh or nine small buckshot in the hack of the office, baal having passed very close to the persons inside, without doing them any ojary. Brown is severely wounded, and probably will have to suffer amputation. It is an unfortunate affair; but the universal opinion is that Young is } blameless, and acted in self-defenc cs to jow nment of ue Convention. [From the Boston Duily Advertie-r. Anz. 3] On the few § of the adjournmont of the Convention, the 11th inst., it was in session, with the exceptiom cf @ recess at one o'clock P.M., and snother at seven, of an each, from nine o'clock on Moa- dsy morning to two on Tuesday. During that period the final act of the Convention, embracing & aurmmary of its labors from the commencement, was reported for the first time, forming a compact print ed pamphlet of forty pages. It was read over, chap- ter by chapter, disoussed fu mauy of its parts, and & large number of questions were taken on varieus pro- positions, eome by yeas aud nays, and others by count. No material alterations, however, wero mide from the form of the original report, except in mere matters of detail. Al; the measnres of the majority were carried by & large saperiority of num- bers. In this document, ell the ogrecd on, in resolutions di the whole, and twice read and a¢ vention, are incorporated methodic rit existing constitution, embractog all the provisions of that instrument, and its snocessive amendments not superecded, and excluding all parts which are 60 superseded, either by previous amendments, or by the resolutions of the present Convention. Tbe parts of the present constitution thus re- tained, together with the most important amend- niente now edopted, consisting of fourteen distinot chapters, and cconpying thirty-eight printed pages, are subinitted to the pene for their ratification or rejection, in a single act. A variety of less im- portant amendments now proposed, to the number of seven, are submitied in distinct propositions, for acceptanee or rejection by the people, by distinet votes. Ifaccepted, they will be hereafter incorpo- rated in the constitution under the heads specified ¢ and if rejected, they will for the inost part hardly be missed, and some of them, if missed, we conceive not to be regretted. Among the present amondments thus incorporated in the proporition No. 1, are— N Ist-—One which bares be the organisation avd manver of election of the Senate, making the members ofgible in forty single districta, by a plu- rality of votes, instead of being elested in districts composed of entire counties, by a majority of votes, wherever that can be attained, but in cave of failure, by joint ballot of tho two branches, from the two candidales for each seat on tho popular ballot. This amendment was concurred fa by almost is provided that the council shall he olected. people, one meraber in cach of eight districts, il district to be composed of ‘ five conti- guour senatorial districts.” The merabera of the council are to be styled, if the orthography of the committee who reported the draft of the act adopted is to be followed, not counsellors, as heretofore, “eouncillora,” 3. A now organization of the House of Representa. tives, which is to consist of four hundred and seven members, elected annually,and four hundred aod thirty-one elected on the years of tho valuation of estates, These representatives are assigned by am eppei seamen’ entirely new, which we oxplaia ereafter. 4, Where are some important alterations, in re, to the majority,ard plurality of votes to be req in elections, of a somewhat complex character. b5th-—The principal State officers, viz. :—Sen of State, Treasurer, Auditor, and Attorney Gen are to be chosen by the people. Gth—An important ci.nge is proposed in the tenure of judicial appointments—the term of office of Judges of the Supreme, Judicial, and other courts, Being tein to ten years, instead of being during cod behavior, 2 Tth—-Judves of Probate, Registers of Probate and of Deeds, Sheriffs, Diatrict Attornies and Trial Jus- tices, are to be chosen triennially by the people. &th—The right of ponies is eee toe male citizen, twenty-one years of age and up }, OX- ‘cept paupers and persons under guardianship, who has Leon a resident in the commonwealth one year, and in the town in which he may claim a right to yote six months—the condition of Lr of a State or county tax being dispensed with. ‘ith—Provision is made for taking the sense of the people on the question of the Sxpetiney oF 8 con- yention for a new revision of - Comer meg 1873, and in every twentieth year thoreafter, Is is also made the duty of the Legislature to submit to the people the question of a convention for the constitution whenever they shall be requested so to do hy votes of the people in towns and cities con- taining not less than a third part of the qualified voters. These are the Deinnibel. new provisions embraced in proposition No. 1. seven other propositions, adcpted in separate resolves by the convention, re- lating to the writ of habeas corpus; snaking ie judges of the law in criminal cases; giving to State soretitors the right to recover their claims by 4 abolishing imprisonment for debt, except in cases fraud; prohibiting the appropriation of school moj nies to any religious sect, ‘ for the maintenance ex- clusively of fe om schools: pecking the creation of corporations by § #, When unnecessary; and Peyatetcen ey arto wn, in_ all banks to be here- after established, oi the New York system. amendments previous); 1 in committee Law la Relation to Banks and Bankers. AN ACT RELATING TO INCORPORATED BANKS, BANK- IN AND INDIVIDUAL BANKS G BUSINKSS IN THE O1V¥ OF ey YORK, SED APRIT, 15, 1853. he people of the State of New York, represented. nfSenste and Acsembly, do ensct as follows:— Bee, 1. In addition to the quarterly reports now required by law to be made to the Superintendent of the Banking Depaxtment, by incorporated bauks, banking ossociations, or individual bankers, in this State y incorporated bank, banking association, i anker, located aud Going business ia 4 publish or cauce to be ing of every Tuesday, ina id city, to be” designated by statement under the oath of showing tue true condition nking association, or individual bank- er meking 1 Statement, onthe morning of each day of the week next preceding the date of such statement, in respect to the following items and par- ticulars, to wil:— Average amount of loans and dis- t ie, deposits, and circulation. published at on 2. Such statement shall be Lb 4 xpense of the baok, banking association, or in- dunt banker making the same; andif any bank, banking association, or individual banker, sl re- rke the statement required in the feit its charter, (if'an incorporated ban! 7" s asa benking association or and eyery such bank, banking asso- lividual banker, may be proceeded against, and its atlairs closed in any manner now re- quired by Iw in case of an insolvent bank or bank- i tion. The terms “banking associations” ) banker,’ aa used in this act, shall to such banking associations of this act for two snecessive Meee aa and in exe or may be organized under 18, 1838, and the several amendme ierel . Secti This act shall take effect on the first day of August, one thousand cight hundred and fifty-three. EnorpMrnt-—Tun ReSTED any Canasoosen.- During the forepart of the past week, it was srmonnccd that the daughter Panties Ovnrraken, AR- not yet been arrested, but is quietly waiting in his houte wotil the magistrates take him into custody, | which will be doue to-morrow- Dr. Young formerly representéd this district in Congress, and is one of the most inoffensive, peace- able men init. His numerous friends through the State will be glad to hear that he has sustained stight injury in the conflict, and eun have ho fears for lerol Margy at even if Mr. Brown's injuries should prove fatal, which it is caruest!y hoped will -« Domestic Miscellany. a The jeurnoymen osbinetmakers of Richmocd, Va., haye struck for higher wages, and the {ex hour aystem, | in place of eleven, The wages usually paid wore cight dollars and a half per week for eloven houra ia the day, The strike contemplates an increase to nine dollars, aud a reduction of the hours from eleven to toa. | The town of Weatfeld, Conn., has yoted to pay two dol- Jara to cach fireman im that village, for hiv services duc- ing the rear. The Worcester Transcript ia informed that on ths 5th inst. Maj. Gardner Ruggles, of Hardwick, was thrown fiom bis carriage, while eg Be the east partof that town, and almost insiautly killed. The decsased was seventy one years of age. An immense haul of counterfeit money has be \ in Marshal county, Ala., where $100,000 of the staf wat lately taken from two countorfeiters, who were arrested, as also $3,000 of good money, ‘ On the night of tho 2d Inst. s fire occarred in Chicago, consuming the greater part of the Clinton House, on Le Salle street, and several stables in the rear. Seventeen Jobn Hawkins, an Irish laborer on the New Havon and Springfield Railroad, waa drorned on the \uianipiac | river, at North Haven, while bathing, Mrs. Dolly Aldrich, aged 80, fell into a woll, at her re- nidence in Woonsackol, 1, 1, a short time since, and was fo much Injured that ale Mvod but a few momenta afver the occurrence, The potato rot lias appeared ‘in some parts of Rhode Island, and the ueusus! quantity of rain and dampness of wtmosphere will be likely to inorease the blight, A widow, named Sophia Bailey, while in a fit of in- sanity, jumped from a rear window im Dr. Kittrodge' hydropathic establishment, No 4 Franklin ee Bos- ton, on the 7th inst, and striking upon ber head, frac- tored hee skull in such # manner ag to produce doath | soon iter, : Laban M, Wheaton, Paq., of Norton, has made another donat on of tea thousand dollars to the Whoatom Female Seminary, ia that tows, Two laborers, named Michael Donnovam ani Jobn Kelley, wore instantly killed, oa the 6th ivst., by tho faile ing of on embankment, boneath which they wore at work, at Great Beewster in Bostom harbor. A third wee cutricated, but with a frac- of areepectable man—a steamboat pilot, living im the nexthwestern part of the ¢ aud a girfabout her owiage, (fourteen to sixtcen), inmate of the family—had eloped with a couple of young men for parts uuknown, ‘the father or the girl immediately inade seare rd was not long in ascertaining the the rmnawars; and yesterday morn- h the whele party, on board the from the Inols river. The Lo named Muerss and Liviag- e youths of doubtful character, haying been connected in a subordinate capacity witha cirens or tneatricel company of some sort. itis not n how or where they became ac- be the girls, but by previous ongage: 3 aid aera of fast ‘To Nate.” ** the steamer Gossamor. amedintery rag h Woat all fuar took passage “ Lasalle. ent wboard a few moments previous w boat's ieaying port, and Livingston, in regi their names, nut both the giris down as his sisters. Their conduct while on the boat excited no suspi- cion, ond their true position was not known until the Boa’ ar at Peru, where the clerk received @ despatch. Cesoribing the girls and ordering the arrest of the whole party. They had left the boat, but the dispatch Leing placed ia the hands of the sheriff, he suprised the gii# in tie parlor of the principal hotel, ond soom aiter succeeded in find their sweethearta on the street. The party were held in custody nti! the orrival of the fathcr and a police officer, to whom they were delivered, and the heroes of the clluir handeufled. Asa circumstance denot- ing the afivcifoa existing between the parties, a daguerreotypist was called into service, and like- nesses of tue loved aud beloved were taken ond = exchanre The father and the officer, however, joid hands on all such lit. tof‘ remembrances," and it: is more thaw probel’> they now Ite sticking in the sand a the b (the Mlmot, or are retained as evidence the dilinguents. Another incident happow ich came near Rroving fatal to Livingston wud he were handcuffed together, and im ‘ « lank from « canal boat to the stea: Livingston made a miv-step, and both fell into river. Aneass’ hand came throng) the cuff, and he swam oelore; but the unfortanate ee have diowned had not. the mate of the boat gone to his rev cuc. On thoir arrival hore yesterday bet 4 the gisls were despatched to their home, and ¢ men, or rather boys, escorted to the calaboose by the nchor ond the police officer. Vt is said that the girls Wook eighty dodars of tae former's money bo- tore leaving, One-hait of which they gave to their lovers. it may Lethat the young roprobates are to be indicied for receiving, stolom money, as well na Tumung away with the girlin 9. Londo News,dug. be mer, the general con- ‘The Kew Constication of Massachavetts—Ads * ee a ee a eT