The New York Herald Newspaper, April 24, 1853, Page 4

NEW YORK ‘dERALD. JAMES GORDO a BEE PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR, eres OORNER ©) FULTON AND NASSAU STS. IB F RINTING executed with neatnees, cheasnest, ond “ZV TISEMENTS renewed every day. Wolmmec XVUMZ.........csceceeeeeeee cece s-NOe MS AMUSEMENTS TO-MORROW EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Lavy or Lrone—Daats n TRE, Bowery: BROADWAY THEATRE. Panu amp Back ror Five Pounns. NIBLO’S—Lucrezia Bora. yearors THEATRE, Chambers street—Crviiasarion = Burtus. iway—BuantTaam—To HATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham street—AgmonsR OF Prax—Too Lats von rum Taam. ‘WALLACK’S THEATRE, Brosdway—Sccners Worts Bsowine—Par or tux Perricoats. AMERICAN MUSEUM—Afternoon—Writow Corez.— —Humcusacn. OF. CHARLES THEATRE, Bowery—Miuiraay Execu quem hyaiaew Wien Dovstr Bane Room, "8 OPERA HOUSE, 472 Brosdway—E: Muon sy Cusutis Orsaa Trovre et WOOD'S MINSTRELS. Wood's Musical Hall, 444 Broad: @IRCUS, 37 Bowery—Equ2s: GBORAMA. 596 Broadway— ‘vem Hory Lan. HEBLLER’S SOIREES MYSTERIEUSES, 539 Broadway. OWEN’S ALPINE RAMBLES, 539 Broadway. New York, Sunday, April 24, 1853. \s EXTERTAINMENTS. JANVARD'S PanoRnama oF The News. Among much other interesting information far- nished by our special Washington correspondents this morning, is a synopsis of the new Tehuan- tepec treaty just received from Mexico. This nego- tiation appears to be far more liberal in its features than the Sloo grant, which was taken as its basis, and for that reason may meet with greater favor than was at first anticipated. It is understood, however, that Colonel Sloo’s associates do not deny that the first instalment upon his grant was paid to Mexico by the agent of the British bondholders. This cir- cumstance, added to the fact that the stock books eannot be opened in the United States, together with the Mexican repudiation of the Garay grant, may yet possibly outweigh the great merits of the new treaty. The selection of Senator Borland, as Minister to Central America is regarded (by some as equivalent to a direct assertion of the Monroe doctrine—he hav- ing openly favored the abrogation of the Clayton and Bulwer treaty at the late extra session. Others think that Mr. B. has merely made a profitable ex- change, by accepting this mission instead of the governorship of New Mexico. As to the Central American controversy, they believe that will be ami- cably arranged, either in London or Washington. It's well enough, however, to have a representative in that quarter who will follow instructions, and at the same time keep an eye upon the intervention and colonization movements of the British. Governor Foote, of Mississippi, is now spoken of asthe prominent man for the mission to France. The foreign ealendar is supposed to be complete. Quite a spirited controversy is now going on be- tween the hard and soft shell delegations at Wash- ingten, respecting the Albany, Buffalo and two or three other post offices in this State. Among other prominent politicians on the ground yesterday, were John Van Buren, Goy. Seymour, Erastus Corning and Gecrge Sanders. See what our correspondents have to say about them. The place hunters are de- termined to give Gen. Pierce no rest. Nevertheless, he is reported to be gaining flesh, despite the excite- ment and confusion. The important rumor from New Orleans relative to Gov. Lane's movements in New Mexico, turns out to have been at least partially correct. A letter from Santa Fé, bearing the date of February 28, an- nounces that the Governor actually intended, on his own authority, to take possession of a portion of the Mexican territory. We publish a communication from our correspon- dent at San Juan de] Norte, which will be read with much interest, frem its historical retrospect of the constitutional government of that portion of Central America, since its first subjection to the Spanish rule up to the moment of its disorganization by the recent controversy. The passengers by the two o'clock Camden and Amboy, Railroad train” from Philadelphia, very nar- rowly escaped being consigned into another world yesterday afternoon. The train proceeded some twelve miles, when the locomotive and baggage and express cars were precipitated into the Rancocas ereek, in consequence of the drawbridge having been Jeft open. One of the breakmen was shockingly in- jored. After much difficulty the mails were recover- ed, and reached our office, dripping wet, at alate hour lastnight. The express car, containing numerous packages and some thirty thousand dollars in mo- ney, had not been found at last accounts. It is reported that the Seminole Indians are al! gathered together at the eastern edge of the ever- glades, in Florida, where they will probably remain unti] offensive operations are commenced ‘against them and they are compelled to scatter to other sections of thecountry. General Childs is still at Tampa Bay. From the details of the census returns we have elsewhere given a comprehensive abstract showing the aggregate population of the principal cities and towns in the United States. Those who take pride im the rapid {growth and progress of their country should not neglect to preserve the tables for futare reference. Large discoveries of copper are said to have been made on the estates of ex-Governor Thomas and Peter Heins, in Alleghany county, Maryland. We publish to-day a rebuke to British interfer- ence with our institutions. There is point in it, and the shaft is polished. Madame Tyler will not be in want of chivalry in the position she nas as- sumed, nor our Southern brethren souls to encom- pass their ‘peculiar institution,” in these days of cant, hypocrisy, and reckless trifling with our glo- rious Union. Two police constables last Friday endeavored to arrest a German named Casper Lamplighter, at Sax- onburg, Pa., The latter stabbed and instantly killed one of the officers, named Ferguson, dangerously wounded the other, and then made his escape. ‘The report of the City Inspector, for the week ending April 23, represents the namber of deaths which occurred in this city during that period, at 341, which is a decrease of fifteen on the previous week. Of the deceased, 217 were natives of the United States, 70 of Ireland, 30 of Germany, 12 of England, and the remainder of different Huropean countries. ‘The deaths among children under ten years number- ed 177, ora little more than one-half of the whole. Consumption, as usual, had the largest number of victims, 54 having died of that disease; while 31 deaths were caused by convulsions, 27 by inflamma- tion of the langs, 14 by marasmus, 12 by congestion of the brain, and 11 by typhus fever. The journeymen hard bread bakers held a meeting last evening at Mechanics’ Hall, Hester street, for the purpose of making application to their employers for an increaseof wages. Some of the establishments have already given the increase asked for, and the 1 eeting was called with a view to induce the others, epecific statements of a like nature. if possible, to conform to the list of prices demanded. ‘There are scarcely two band bread bakeries that pay the same rates, and the jourzeymen now wish to es tablish a uniform rate of wages. ‘The coal passers and firemen employed on the steamships of E. K. Collins, at present in port, have received the advance. Their demand, we believe, has been conceded to in nearly every case, and all those who were last reported as having beenon a strike have returned to their work. The firemen of the river boats have not been entirely successful ; but among those, we understand, the strike was not general. See the presentment of the Grand Jury, in another column. They investigated the recent lamentable occurrences at the City Prison, and wound up their labors by ting the prison as a nuisance. ‘To-day’s inside pages contain interesting historical sketches of the formation, difficulties, intrigues, &c., of the cabinets of the different Presidents ; Letters from Paris and Boston ; Notices of New Books ; Call for the Southern Commercial Convention to meet in Memphis on the 5th of June; Advertisements, &c. Our Postal Arrangements—Post Office Reform, Mr. Postmaster Campbell has applied the besom to the Augean stable he has undertaken to cleanse. His attention has naturally been directed in the first instance to the out-door department. Regulations which must produce increased regularity, cheapness and despatch, in the transmission of letters to foreign countries, are the first fruits of his labors. These have been followed by a new arrangement with Great Britain, rectifying the careless blunders of the late postmasters, and repealing a tax of two cents hitherto imposed on newspapers mailed in this country for foreiga parts. Thanks to the upright dealing of the British postmas- ter, the reform, so far as our government is con- cerned, will be retroactive as well as prospec- tive; the illegal charge which Messrs. Hall and Hubbard have complacently paid over for the last two or three years to the British exchequer will be refunded to our treasury. But no re- stitution can be made to those who paid the two cents in the first instance to the post office here : they must be content with the assurance that they will be cheated no more. Even this, however. is a great boon. Let us, in view of what ourffpostmasters have been, congratulate ourselves on the accession to power of one who seems honestly bent on doing his duty ; let us cheer him on. go that, ere his zeal flag, the im- provements which the people have so long de- manded in vain may not once more be post- poned. Far be it from us to underrate the impor- tance of our foreign postal relations. Of im- mense moment it is assuredly that they shéuld be commensurate with the progress of our trade, and the developement of the world’s mind. But we candidly confess that, to our thinking, reform is less indispensable in that department than in our domestic post office. Irregularities in the former afflict the mer- chant, the traveller, and the emigrant only. Irregularities in the latter are keenly felt by us all—by the mechanic as well asthe mer- chant, by the native-born citizen as well as the foreigner—by the widow as well as the wealthy real estate owner. Postal delays are sure to cause an amount of mental suffering which can be better imagined than described. Each let- ter that is lost or mislaid in the offices—and hun- dreds miscarry daily—inflicts'a heavy load of anxiety and sorrow on-some one. And though, in comparison’ with these considerations, con- venience and economy seem trifling matters, they can by nomeans be overlooked by any ofour public departments with credit to the country. We rank it among the most conspicu- ous of the petty miseries of life in these United States that the convenience of a post office is not brought to every man’s ‘door, and that he is constantly in danger of being overreached at subordinate offices. In London or Paris im- proper charges are unheard of—one can mail one’s letters with perfect safety at the nearest corner, and the reply is brought to one’s own door ina few hours. A sad contrast does our system present ! But whether Mr. Campbell concur or not in our estimate of the paramount importance of our domestic postal arrangements, we are per- suaded that he is well aware of their inefficiency, and that he will set about reforming them at once. In this persuasion. we take leave to offer a few suggestions which may serve a salutary purpose. The first abuse which will meet his eye will probably be the slow and irregular rate at which the mails are transmitted. We have on various occasions given publicity to cases of flagrant enormity in this respect: cases which we have no reason to believe were exceptional. In one. a letter from Washington took three days to perform the journey to New York. In others, letters from Albany were indulged with a snooze of twenty-four hours somewhere on the way. Letters from Canada spent three or four days en route; two or three mails came together, and not unfrequently amail bag was mislaid, and lost sight of for a consklerable period of time. Similar cases have been published in every paper in the Union. and we are bold to say we could, if necesgary. fill a column with But so no- torious a fact may quite dispense with evidence. Any man who takes the trouble to brush up his @wa memory, and inquire of his acquaintance will aecertain that it is by no means unusual for passengers on the great mail lines through- out the country to travel twice and three times as speedily as the mails. Business men are so well convinced of the fact that the telegraph is rapidly superseding the post office for commer- cial purposes. This would not be the case to such an extent if a correct system of postal communication were established. It does not properly fall within our province to point out the specific causes of the delays which occur. We may mention generally that we do not be- lieve the mail contractors fulfil their engage- ments with scrupulous accuracy—that we sus- pect the mails are frequently delayed for the purpose of sorting at way offices—that in many instances we have reason to know that the com- munication between the various mgil lines is errentially imperfect. But of these matters Mr. Campbell will be a better judge than we. We state the fact that delays and irregularities occur on such and such lines; a little inquiry will soon enable him to trace them to their sonrce, and devise a remedy. Next to the transmission of the mails through the country, the subject of the establishment of branch post offices in the large cities will doubt- less engage Mr. Campbell’s attention. It is im- porsible to exaggerate the inconvenience we suffer under the present system. Foreigaers cannot believe that a city of 700,000 inhabi- tants only contains one recognized post office and that people who live in Thirtieth street cannot mail a letter with any degree of security without travelling to Liberty street, Nor is it a less crying evil that letters for delivery, a which arrive at the general post office early in the morning, do not reach their destination be- fore the evening. For all this a very simple remedy may be adopted:— First--The trade in the conveyance of let- ters, now carried on by irresponsible parties, should be abolished and their offices closed. Several receiving offices, under the control of the central office, should be established in each ward. (There are 259 such offices in London, exclusive of “ slips.”) If necessary. small an- nual salary should be allowed to grocers or other storekeepers for acting as receiving officers: They should not be allowed to receive money, but should sell stamps. In their office, a table of post office charges should be conspicuously posted. Second—The number of carriers should be quintupled. They number some forty-four at present, we believe—rather less than one-third the number of horses employed by the London post office for carriers’ omnibuses. The country mails reach London between 5 and 6 A. M., and are sorted and delivered in the most distant parts of the city by halfpast nine. By the adoption of the same means we can obtain like results. Increased method and time-saving contrivances should be adopted in the letter- sorting departments. Omnibuses should leave the post office with the letter carriers as soon as the letters are sorted, so that each carrier may reach his “ walk” in a few minutes. No “walk” should be so extensive that the carrier cannot deliver his whole bag in an hour. Third—The receiving offices should be visited several times a day by letter carriers, and the letters carried to the central office, sorted, dis- tributed for delivery, and sent round to their destination in the same manner as mail letters. A charge of two cents per letter would defray all expenses. The number of deliveries would depend on the amount of business. The opera- tion of collecting, sorting, distributing and de- livering town letters, is repeated at intervals ten times on each working day in London. A letter invariably reaches the person to whom it is addressed within three hours. Even ‘two deliveries would be a signal boon to New Yorkers. We may, on no distant occasion, recur to the subject. Meanwhile, policy, if no higher mo- tive, will suggest the propriety of some action being taken in the premises by the authorities. He RepvpiaTes New Mextco.—Hon. Solon Borland, of Arkansas—an industrious, hard working member of the United States Senate, a physician by profession, and a major in the United States army during the war with Mexico— has given up the appointment which he recently received from the President of Governor of New Mexico. We are not surprised that he declines it; and we are only surprised that he could, in the first instance. have been so extremely ro- mantic, at his time of life, as to apply for this out-of-the-way place, for we apprehend the President would not have thought of taking any man out of the Senate to hiber- nate in the adobe palace of the Governor at Santa Fe except upon such Senator’s personal application. We are informed, however, from Washington, that Major Borland’s first object in the applica- tion for New Mexico was the prospect of improv- ing his health in the elevated, (5,000 feet above sea,) dry. and rarefied atmosphere of Santa Fe and the surrounding deserts and naked moun- tains; in the second place, the prospect of the Pacific Railroad being run through New Mexico offers a prospective opening for profitable trans- actions in lands; and. thirdly, there is the dry goods business of the St. Louis and Santa Fe caravans, in which traffic the old Mexican Governors. at least, never failed to enrich themselves. Upon the sober second thought. however, all these considerations have been outweighed by the drawbacks of New Mexico—such as the vast degerts and frightful mountains that encompass that charming country for a thousand miles, more or less, in every direction—such as the swarming Indians upon every side, penetrating often into the heart of the Governor’s domin- ions, sacking his towns and villages, murdering the men, and carrying off the women and chil- dren. and all the other available live stock they can lay their hands on. Then, again. scarcely as often as once 8 month does the Governor of New Mexico get the newspapers from the white settlements; and frequently, (in the absence of @ railroad,) the Sultan of Turkey, we doubt not, is apprised of what is transpiring at Washing- ton before his Excellency at Santa Fe. How could a member of the United States Senate be expected, upon mature reflection, then, to give it up, and immure himself in the mud cabin of the Governor of New Mexico, among the piebald population of that unfortunate country? It could not be. Hence Major Borland has con- eluded that the romance of Santa Fe is all moon- shine. A member of the House of Representatives, at the last session. if we mistake not, proposed that the white folks of New Mexico be removed into some other part of the Union, and that the territory, with Santa Fe for their capital, be turned over as a permanent locality for the va- rious Indian tribes of the neighborhood. Per- haps at some future day this thing may be done. New Mexico is a good Indian coun- try, as long as the whites will supply them with some extra rations to season their raw beef and mountain mutton. Meantime. the white population of New Mexico are entitled toa white Governor; and Major Borland hay- ing declined the office, it is to be hoped that some other competent person will step forward. if necessary. to relieve the present incumbent, who may, most likely, desire to return once more to the haunts of more fashionable so- ciety. It is also due to the white people and civil. ized Indians, half-breeds, and quarteroons of New Mexico. that they should be better pro- tected against the wild Indians than they have been since the Mexicanwar. The mounted troops assigned to that quarter should be in- creased, and the cordon of military posts of that wild country should be extended to a much wider circuit of operations. If the people of New Mexico are made up of mixed races. and separated by natural barriers from the advan- tages of intercourse with the rest of the world if they ar¢ weak and poor, and surrounded by | murdering and thieving savages, their claims are only the higher and more urgent for the protection of the government. We are not sr- priced that Major Borland declines to be their executive but shall be if Gen. Pierce ceases to be their friend. Who is up for Governor? P. S—We understand that Major Borland, since his resignation of New Mexico, haa been, or most probably will be, appointed minister to Central America. If his object in the first in and dry air of Santa Fe, we should like to know how this will apply to the palmleaf shanties and vomito of San Juan or Greytown— or the Mosquito coast—or the Belize? Prasipents anp Castners, anp Pourricat In- rricuEs.—For the information of young poli- ticians, and to revive the reeollections of old ones, we give in to-day’s Henatp an interest- ing sketch of those parts of our political history which relate to the formation, difficulties, in- trigues and explosions of cabinets, for the last twenty-four years. It will be seen on what nice points cabinet difficulties and explosions have sometimes turned; and the friends of the present administration will be able, by comparison with the past, to form their calculations as to the probabilities of continued harmony in the cabi- net of General Pierce, so as to ensure their per- manence and efficient action as the counsellors and coadjutors of the President. Politicians cannot fail to observe that General Jackson, one of the most popular of our Presidents, over- came the trials and embarrassments which unexpectedly beset him on his entrance into the Presidency, by his firmness and decision—in which couree he was sustained by the people; while some other of our Presidents lost the public confidence by a timid and wavering course of policy. Return oF THE ABoLITIONIsTs.—The general feeling of pleasure with which the approach of anniversary week is received by a large por- tion of the community, will be considerably alloyed by the information that the abolitionists have, after two years forced absence from our city, been enabled to procure a place in which to celebrate their anniversaries. We hoped that we had seen the last of them. and were congra- tulating ourselves on the peace which the city enjoyed during the pasttwo years, when they turn up again, as rampant, as seditious, and as fanatical as ever. This time they have secured the Chinese Assembly Rooms, having been re- fused every other respectable place of meeting in the city. ‘Talk on ’Change. There was no movement of special importance in trade yesterday. Cotton was dull, with sales of six hundred bales. State flour ranged from $4 44 to $4 50, with most. sales at the latter price. The holdera of nutmegs de- manded 110c. for best quality. It was said that the sums of public money which had been loaned by the authority of the late Seeretary of the Treasury, had amounted to about one million of dollars, at five per cent interest. $500,000 of this sum had been Ioaned to the President of a Bank, and $500,000 toa broker. The first sum had been refunded. A merchant wished to know who had received the interest on this money; who held it, or into whose hands had it fallen ? Tt was suppesed that the sum allotted to the broker was held by him for an average period of three months. The intevest on half a million for that period would, at seven per cent, amount to $35,000. If the other sam had been kept for the same period, the interest would have been $70,000; or, if only one month, the total would have been $46,666. When did the Secretary give his orders that the parties referred to should receive the loans or trans- fers alluded to? A gentleman, in speaking of the city prison, (known asthe Tombs), considered the location every way bad. The site was too low. The building, aleo, was too small, ill-ventilated, and badly constructed. It was suggested that its location should be moved to the margin of the river, on one side of the town or the other, where clean- linens amd ventilation could be better secured. The pre- sent site of the House of Refuge for juvenile offenders ‘was suggested, among others, as @ suitable place ;.and to let this institution go to the open suburbs or neigh- boring country. The United States Consular system was alluded to and condemned. There was great folly in allowing consuls to realize swift fortunes during single Presidential terms, at sueh places as Havana, Panama, and some other points, while at places of less note, but of much interest to mer ebants, the fees were too insignificant to secure the ser- vices of qualified persons to fill them. Indeed, it was a disgrace to the government that a large number of our foreign consuls were the citizens or subjects of foreign governments, the fees not being sufficient to induce Americans to accept them. What wisdom was there in allowing some consuls to receive larger sums than were pa'd any other officer of the government, while those in many inferior stations were left to starve? The true plan was to place the consuls at the rich points on fixed salaries, and to distribute their surplus fees in the way of salaries to those at unpaying locations. Horm: Francais—EsraGnot, Broome Streer.—On the evening of Saturday, the 16th of April, 1853, a numerous assemblage of the friends and boarders of Madame Mon- don, met within the walls of her beautiful, comfortable and commodious new establishment, situated at the corner of Broome and Elm streets, known as No. 415 Broome street, and quite contigious to Broadway, the common centre of the city of New York, to celebrate the occasion of its opening to the patronage of her freinds, from allparts of the world. On this occasion, many an- cient and warm friends of Madame Mondon met to in- augurate her transition to her new hotel, and to wish her prosperity in the continuance of her exertions to provide for the comfort of her Franco Spanish and Cen- tral Ameriean friends, in their temporary visit to, or per- manent residence in, the great metropolis of the Union. The warmth of feeling manifested augured well for the horpitality hitherto exercised by Mad Mondon towards her friende. The occasion wae warmly weleomed by a host of those who have so often been the recipients of her kindness, who, by their presence, and the warm wishes expressed for her welfare, testified the extent of the obligation which they individually owed to Madame Mondon, as well for the courtesies of hotel life, as for the kind feelings that had actuated her in her intercourse with them. The idea of a place in which, though far from their native land, they could turn for sympathy, for rest, and for real comfort, seemed to be uppermost in the minds ofall those present, and they expressed the feeling that Madame Mondon had united the qualities of hostess and friegd, in the highest degree. We commend Mafame Mondon to our numerous friends) and we have no doubt that their residence with her will be pleaeant and agreeable. The house has been built by Lambert Suydam, Esq, expressly for Mad. Mondon, and has ben provided throughont with all the modern im- provements. Tur Tueatres.—The respective places of amusement in this city were all largely patronized during the past week. Forrest, at the Broadway, is drawing immense audiences, and on Wednesday evening next the theatre will be briliantly illuminated, it being the fiftieth night of his engagement. Burton’s and Wallack’s theatres are in a very successful career—their selections are good and the artists are all capital in their various departments of the drama, The Bowery Theatre was never more prosperous than at present, and the National is doing a very profita- b’e business. The Museum ard the St. Charles are like- wise successful. Christy's Opera House seems to have little variation, as it is every night filled, and Wood's Minstrels are realizing—what industry and perseverance deserve—the mort profitable results. Banvard, Robert Heller, and John Owens are also doing well. The Bowery Circus opens to-morrow evening with Madigan and Stove’s equestrian company. For the particulars of theatri cal and other entertainmen's, we refer our readers to the advertising colum Tue Hivroproxe.—This «plendid establishment ix now complete in all its departments. Franconi’s troupe have heen constantly practising daring the week, preparatory ton full dress rehearsal and brilliant sairée to come off on Friday night next, to which the members of the press have been formally invited. Weare happy to loarn that M. Fraverni did not lore any of his by the wreck of the Sea Duck on Long Branch The wiuable * car of flowers,’ which was on board, was | raved with the greatest ditculty, and will be put in re- pair in time for the opening night, Tue membere of the troupe ave all in excellent health, and declare theit de: termination of making agrent hit in America, Marine Affali Devaecurn ov Tim Waxittxcrox., rhip Washington, Captain Fitch, ke o'clock yesterday afternooa, for Breen via 110 pansengers and $60,000 in apecie Tur Srmamemnp SourmmnNer, Capt, Fo-ter day morning, in 68 bours from Charle too arrived yes bringlog us stance was to recruit his health by the high | payer: in advance of the mail, Juable properties | Father Gavazzl’s Lecture to the Italians, Notwithstanding the inclemency of the weather, the Sunday School room of the Tabernaclejwas,on Sunday night last, crowded by our Italian citizens, anxious to listen to their eloquent and distinguished countryman. At his appearance the large crowd burst into unanimous applause, whieh the orator subdued, in order not to dis- turb the religious ‘service which was goingon in the room above. Father Gavazzi, after having read the XV. chapter of St. Paul to the Romans, said that before there were Poges in Rome Apostle said of those citizens:—“I am aware that they are full of goodness, of gratefulness, and love for each other.”” And if such were our forefathers, added the Padre, I cannot conceive why the Romans of our century shall not be aa wise, as virtuous and reli- gious, as those mentioned by St. Paul; but to be such, my brethren, we must put an end to popedom and papscy. With these two powers there will never be hope of salvation for Italy, and our duty to God is to work for the total destruction of the temporal and spiritual power ofthe Pope. During his apostolate, St. Paul sought to eonyince pagans and infidels of the truth of his mission ; he corroborated his arguments by performing miracles. ‘The Pope claims this right of performing miracles by the church, even at the present time, as if the Italians should want miracles to make them Christians and believers of the Gospel. After having said the Common Prayer, “Our Father who art in heaven,” Father Gavazzi read the tecond chapter of the Epistle of St. Paul to the Thessalo- nians, and said:—My brethren, by this prophetic description of St. Paul, which find is repeated by St. John and by other apostles, I think that we must not re cognise the Pontiff of Rome, nor believe in his doctrines, The man who raises himself above all is the Pope—this same personage is called by Bellarmino, a Jesuit theolo- gian, the Vicar of Christ; and according to Cardinal Tearbella, another Jesuit writer, the Pope is above God, as he can do good and evil, viz: act supra jus et contra jus; and this is the adyersary of Christ, of which St. Paul speaks in his prophecies, Every word of the Apostle is verified, wherein he speaks of the man who shall come among us, not as ignorant or poor, but with learning and power, with false doctrines, and with miracles, as we see them performed by our modern saints, while they were living and after dead, as nobody can be styled even a beato till he has performed some miracle. This is what the Church of Rome says. But in another lecture 1 shall take occasion to speak of mi- racles, and of the canonization of saints in Rome, and shall prove that they are miracles of lies and impostures, nd any man of a good sound philosophical mind will find these inventions of papacy to be complete absur- dities. When St. Paul says there will be people who shall pretend to perform miracles, and others blind enough to believe in the ertions of these magicians, the Apostle alludes to the Pope and papists. My Italian e‘hren, you have heard. perhaps, persons speaking inst my lectures; but what I have said I am ready to prove with arguments, and let them confute me. Ihave @ full belief that among my cou.trymen in this city very few are those who yet rely’on the doctrines of Kome for their salvation; and still fewer are those Ita- Mans who do not come to hear my reasoning for fear of an eternal damnation. These Italians can be enume- rated, and are known to have been bought by the Jesuits, or by the hind protection of an Archbishop. But God will not give efficacy to the lies of my adver- saries, either political or religious; with time and medi- tation of the Bible they shall remain no longer in error, except by ignorance or for a material object. We shoul thank God: for being Italians, and we shall be, as we have been, the first people on earth, and we shall attain this vital epoch when we shall be united, and fight for our conscience, and for the independence of Italy. The Ita- lians possess all to constitute them a great people. To the calmness of the Germans we unite the vivacity of the French; to the impetuosity of the Spaniards we unite the pertinacity of the Polesand North Americans. Anda day will come, when, independent of ail despotism, we shail baye not only the sympathy of words from other natioas, ‘but even material aid, because we shall be powerful, an shine as bright stars to enlighten other people. But to conquer our independence we must have a religious sen- timent—to trust in no power but in the merciful assis- tance of God. We must be the instruments of our own emancipation; and this aim will never be attained by us as long as we work in a mere political field, leaving aside the most important—the religious independence of our country. Remember, my countrymen, t our duty as Tralians is to fight the jast and hardest battle, and this war of extermination must be firstly directed against the adversary of all liberties, viz.: Pope and Papacy. I shall ct the memory of Gioberti, because he is no more, and (for adversaries we may have been) I shall never disturb the silence of his grave, but I shall not pardon him—althovugh he wrote in good faith at that time— for having unjustly assailed Macchiavelli and Larpi as slaves of republics, calliog the first a Pagan and the second aberetic, This Ee error of Gioberti, because doth Macchiavelli and Larpi were justified in their opi- nions and writings—the one spoke to the coming genera- tions, as an historian, and the other as a freeminded theologian. I shall slways h to my counti work for our indepen ; this idea I shall always incul cate in their minds. It is foolish for en at present of forms of government, of republ ium, of freedom, before we are a nation, or while we have in Italy French and Austrian armies. 'To speak of creating a republic in Italy at the present time, and before having achieved eur total emancipation, ix ridiculous. But when we shall be free, we shall gather on one public square, and by vote, or in assemblies, decide the form of government which shall be most adapted to the country. The people will not battle for the King, or for its ests eerie the Pope of Rome, or the Bourbon of Naples, or the intolerant Duke of Tuscany. Look at the virtuous Feople of the war of Independence of the United Ftater. They fought for their emancipation, and the question of the form of government was brought up after the mpe a had been expelled. When we shall have anted our tri-colored fag on the Bisonzio and on the ‘osian Alpe, Austrians and French shall not cross any more those barriers of nature which divide us from our enemies. (Great applause.) Irepeat it again, to peak of our form of liberty is a tyranny; it shall not be from litical and sectarian committees of New York, London, ris, or Constantinople that the Italian people shall re- ceive distation. The people will answer thexe poetical demsgogues, ‘We know ye net. Whoare ye that you assume the right to tpeak in the name of twenty-six millions of souls, and impose upon usa form of govern ment? You are as tyrannical as the royal butcher who rules in Naples.” I say it freely, added Father Gavazai, the man who will impose on me either a monarehy, cr a constitutional governmen:, or @ republic, I shail call adespot. So then, let us unite ana fight frst for the independence of Italy, and afterwards we will speak of forms of government. The clergy in Italy isa foreign power, as it is a caste apart—a separate class—having nothing is communiop with the people. The Catholic clergy inthe same in all countries. In Piedmont the a conspired against all civil and religious liberties; in Belgium beg waged hostilities against the public schools, (ae in the United States at the presen‘ time); in France, after baving favcred in appearance the re- publi, they, twice advised the people to vote for Napo- leon HL, becaure he flattered the priests; he converted for thet the Pantheon of France into a bigot’s church; but after the coronation shall be over, we shall see that Louis Napoleon is the most impious and incredulous man. It is true that the Arehbishop of Paris said to him or his wife, that, their conscience being as pure as that of an angel, they were permitted to take communion without undergoing the ceremony of the con- fessional. Oh, yee ame iapoleon has served the church in re-establishing the Popeio Rome, and butcher- ing bis people in the streets of Paris. Look at Spain! These the clergy have almost suffocated all liberties; or Mexico, where the papal nuncio has introduced all ‘the papal canons. Here the priests have undermined the throne of freedom and republicanism, and she will be com- pelled, at her last struggle for national », to accest au Emperor. Here the eloquent Italian speaker made a mont interesting aud startling allusion to the making up ofa hy! Father Gavazzi described all the mysteries and litical intrigues which are going on in the coaclave dur- foe the balloting of the cardinals, Foreign ambassadors, ladies, and politicians are within the eonclave, with their ‘mighty influence, and the Holy Ghost had as much todo in the election of a Pope asin that of the Emperor of Turkey. Cardinal Cremonesi, who was fond of; wine, having been asked whether he wished to be the Vicar of Christ, answered that the Holy Ghost was not so drunk as to ct oore hin for his representative on earth. The Pope will be always opposed to the welfare of the people and faver princes; being in want of their material suppo: he must be on friendly terms with them. The rystem ol papacy vill never change, because tach Pope swears to tranrwit 10 his successor the temporal power he has re- ceived—so that with the Pope there will never be indepen- dence in Italy. History teaches us that the Popes have vever opposed the barbarians, except when they were simple bishops; but after they became , from Gregory II. dowu to the time of Pius 1X,, the Popes have bag associated with the tyrants. When the Fwperor Isauricus made a war against images in Italy. Gregory II. called to his assistance the King of the Lombards; but when this prince discovered that the T.my eror was right, then tho same pontiff called the bar- barbarians over the Alps st_the wise and patriotic movarch of the Lom! is. Carlo Marcello hel; Gregory Il. through masracres and blood, to re-establish the worship of images. Thus, a Pope brought, for the first tine in Italy, foreign banditti, and these assassins, Blessed by Gregory IT, were Freneh. ‘The Popes, one af ter another, have proved to be more barbarous and more fatelto Italy than were the Goths and Huns. because the Pontiff. bave been the origin of ali the evils we are now suffering; and strange to say we find the French tobe foremost’ among the invaders of Italy, who never come us friends, but as nore and friendly suppor- ters of the Pope of Rome. Tho sh have crossed the Atps, at different times—led by Cha¥les the Conqueror, by the Dourbons, by the Orleanites, with the republican flag, and under the empire of the two Napoleons. Poy Ste;hen I], marched into Italy hand in hand with the French King Pepinus, to destroy Desiderious, who had decided to unite Italy into one kingdom. If I have not friecély sympathies for France it must be attributed to her crimer against my country. When I have twice «een the Freneh army—soldiers of ‘a republie—march against en to avother republic, to strangle Italy and suffocate the last Ureath of freedom Teontider it my duty to mdvise my en not to hope any longer in that clerical na- he French, at len+t the majority, have always the Pope and sustained’ his tottering pow: ans, remember that tbe French have never wor ever will be your protectors, Do not ex- yect the salvation of your country from them but fran God a rom your arma You weuld not trust be bends of a man who has failed seve- n co not confide in France and the ure you will be betrayed. (Applause ) bot the French were not the only barbarians called by the Vopre Into Italy: the Viena of Christ ealled the Spaniaids, the Austvians, the Novenans, even the Parks 6 tone rey his bostard de Medici, with Margaret of Tubeany to the Teutons,” If you read the ory ef “he Popes. von will find {that while tney hey were also vassals, and if they | = SE SSP RO CE 2 OSE EE EET FY TSEC SE 7 OE a TO I TTD # i § CY E alee Erste z get? H ey FH Fy ‘l F ul £3 z ‘ : Fs 5 ay ne Feabs “‘Gavaszi,”’ answered the Pope, “do not of Italy, but only of the Roman States.” sation.) ‘But, Holy Father, the Italians admire your reforms, aod sou'mmsy obtain the same fora 7 “« Gavaaai,” replied Plas IX; “beware, in your preach. tog, to nye. offal. fore I left for Lombardy I weut to se0 the Pontiff once. more, fo obtain his blessing, and he inquired from te we Bologse, Hk Father.”’ “To lol er. ‘And thenes,”” added the Pope, ‘ where shaft you gor? 5 “To Ferrara ; and from this city shail cross the river 0." “<T phallTandwereds "tn Grde? to rconquetf # L answered, ‘‘ in order to reconquer for your. holinesa the State of Polinese, which was taken a1 from the dominions of the Papal See at the Congress enna. The appeared more easy, but ordered me not to. say nor do anything in the name of Italy. I chal Pius IX. to deny my assertion. I shall send him my de- position under oath, and shall say, “Swear on the gospel, traitor of Italy, that even at the time of your popularity. ou, were not opposed to the emancipation of our father- nd!” (Applause ) Tn fact, what have the Popos done for us? } shall answer Tommasoo, whom I respect for is patriotic principles, who says that they saved Rome from the barbarians—Dut they were bishopsat that epoch, and not popes. Have they not encouraged Austrians apd French to rob Italy? They protected the people agains. the feutal Saxous—bat who ereated these lige tyrants? The Popes, in order to oppose the pretensions of the Emperor. In one word, Popes, as kings and bishops, have always been tyrants. ‘The oppression of the Frenel- in Italy brought the terrible vengeanee of the Sicilian Vespers, and although as a Christian, I cannot approve such butchery, yet that people had no other means to- overthrow French despotism. Yet a Pope excommunieat- ed the Sicflians, and those brave i were obliged. to submit themselves once more to the tyrannical y The couspiracies for the welfare of a people must be made- at once, not by poets or women, or preparing them long before the time of action, to give time to the ene- my to discover your plots; but I thank God that we are vo more in the age of conspiracies, but can act openly, without disguise snd without demagoznes. In- the ware of Genoa against Pisa, we always fiud the mis- chievous hand and influence of the Pope. Floretice, » flourishing republic, wax sold as an appanage to a bastard, of a Pope, the son ‘of the Vicar of Christ—(laughter)— and afterwards to # foreign prince. The Pope would not listen to the prayers of Michael Angelo, the creator of the greatest temple of God, who, to defend his dear Flo- rence, bad left Rome and his works. The Popes con- spired against Venice, by temporal and spiritual means, till the monk Paoli Sarpi told the Venetian senators not to care for the thunders of the church, Savonaroh was burned by order of @ pope ; Arnaldo, of Bressia, desirous to re establish in Rome the republic, was burned by order- of an English Fope ; Cola de Rienzi, the Jast of the Tri- Dunes, was betrayed by a Vicar of Christ; and, by order of the representative of on ea:th, Nicolas V., Porcari, the Italian patriot, was strangled. Such is the history of popery in Italy. Will you continue with that infernal institution? In this ose give way to science, genius, commerce, industry, discoveries, progress, and : The Popes are the poison of liberty ; sud without ~ ing « free atmosphere you cannot’ be an independent na- tion. With Pope and popery you will have sla ignorance, superstition, brutal submission, aud will ways te’behind the age. (Applause). My friends, wo can be good Christians without being papists and eur duty is to destroy this tyrannival institution. ‘Tommaseo- says that we should give the Pope a small town in which to exercise his spiritual power. When he shall have the- small city, he will work for obtaining a large 020, and s0 forth, 1 am for giving nothing to the Pope—(bravo)— let him leave Italy or be destroyed for ever. Let ot! nations taste, intheir turn, how sweet it isto haves Pope for king and bishop.’ No, # thousand times no! Do not grant the are avy city, not even a village. (Applause), Our brethren have committed many foulla, in Y8z1, 1631, and 1848, they remained satisded with concessions, ‘constitutions, aud promises ; but now, thank foreign and papal despotism, we feel that we want all. Rome must be the capital of Italy—ber monumen ¢ her worthy to be the neat Ub! how glorious will be- CONFLICT BETWEEN THE POLICE AND SOME ROWDIES. On Friday eas, I eae conflict took place be- tween the police of the Ninth ward and several rowdies,, = which tool clubs, nae -_ freely —. and leapt ara icemen received very serious injury. It appears James Dunn, Thomas Dunn. pi PR ‘and entered the premises of William Vrooman, of 407 We street, and assaulted the proprietor and other inmates of the house. The police were sent for to quel! the distur- Lance, and officers Bennett, Parker, Springer, Hanifin, Sanger, and Tyee hastened to the scene of ciaturbance. On the arrival of ke police a desperate conflict took _ Knives were used on the part of the assailants, and clubs on the part of the police. The policemen ultiz mately, after a hard struggle, sueceeded in driving the- asrailanta to the premises No. 693 Washing'on street, where the officers tock into custody James and Thomas Dunn, and MeCauly, who are alleged to be the principals in the affray. The vhree persons were conveyed to the station use, covered with blood—the eifects of the: club*ing administered by the policemen. Officers Spring- er and Bennett were cut badly in several places by the Pritoners, who used their knives very freely. Sergeant ‘ell and officers Sanger and Hanifin were all three severe- ly beaten. Several citizens who assisted the officers, re- ceived rome very rough treatment. The acca-ed ‘ties. were conveyed before Justice McGrath, who held them to- bail, to answer at court for trial. Charge oj Larceny.— Yesterday, officer Curley of the Sith ward Folie, sirested four toen, named Pst- rick Dougherty, Thomas Murphy, David Roster, and John Ryan, charged with stealing a carpet bag from on board the packet ship Rialto, from Liverpool, contaising four- ten pound Bank of England notes, valued at $200 ; also some shirts, and a portable writing desk, valued at $7, in- all $407, the property of Thomas CGurleythe bank notes were in the writing devk. On the arrest of Roster, he acknowledged having the desk at his dwelling house, 'No. 62 Cherry street, The desk*was recovered, but’ the money had been extracted therefrom. Roser further stated, that he bought the raid desk from the other three- prisoners. Under the above facts, Justice Bogart com- mitted the accused parties to prison for trial. Jersey City News. Drownsp.—Yesterday afternoon. about 3 o'clock, = teow, in which were two Jersey City boys, strnck the shad poles between Hoboken and the first named place, and was capsized. ‘ho ferry boat John Fitch sent a boat to their assistance, but one of them, named Cram- mer, drowned befory they were reached. The one saved being witkout clothes, a subsoription was taken up on. board the boat for his relief. Charge of Murder on the High Seas. u. f COMMAESLC HES # couRT. accused, who was charged with killing Henry Miller, the French cock, on board the ship American Congress, was this day, after the examination of a few witnossos for the defence, committed by his Honor, for trial. Letters for Havana, per Steamer Black War- rior, will bo received at the Exchange Reading Room until halffpast 11 o'clock Monday, April 25th.” N. 18.— Lotter for the above steamer must be mailed at the shove officy, as: the United States Post Office cannot forward them. Hippodrome—Notice.—The first Full Dress. rehearsal of the Hippodrome Trot ae evening, Api ). for the ex: bers of the press, to whom written pol will be sent, which they are requested to prevor jor. The firrt public entertains it will be given on Monday eveniog, May 2. ; FRANCONI. 25 Cent met’, Penietatd e by, Carden & Co,, £93 Brondway.—Others may boast Oftacir pretensions in. taking the first 25 cent pictures, but Carden & Co. wore @ ofthe discuvery of this competition from the: .7 All who want good 0, 293 Broadway. Notice.—After first of May we will close our store at three o’clock P. M., on 8: INO. HIGGINS & Great Sale of Monrisania P: tion, on Monday, at 12 o’clock.—Over 250 city lots houses in the villages of central Morrigania and’ Fni See full advert tion head, by A. H. Nico- Iny. Such anoth ain, The Particular Attention of the Readers of our paper is called to the notice headed ‘Rose Vale Vil- lage.” This in one of tho beautifal villages that is rapidly increasing in public estimation; its location, boing near the celebrated Lake Ronkonkoma, addsmuoh to its value, Four building lots or a farm for $15 only. Ned Buntline’s Great Novel.—‘ The Victims of the Lottery and Policy Dealers,” Palin| in the Em- ire City, is creating tremendous exeftoment around town. he characters are all drawn from real life, Offics, 21 Aan iret, Terms: four cents per copy to elt subseribers, and $1 yenr, in advance, by mail. 0. P, BROWN, Publisher. ‘The Pubiie are Invited to Call and Examine rt in the business the first DRAKY’S rpring styles of hata, Ho ment of children's fan AW KO bh low ne can be found in this eity, at No. 9 Bowery. Thomas Armstrong, oalesman; Beebe & Co., fashio way, rerpectfally invite community to the spring men’s hate, tention of the hat-wearing immer fashion for gentle Spring Business Coats, Spring Overcoats, Spring encks, spring frocks, #1 vests, spring in the, fargert snd most beantiful v our choicest sprint im portati Nos. 3 and 55 John Bleak House, a Suit in Chance don’t chance-a-wry suit if yon patronize wholeenl tall clothier, 27 Cortl rot, Now York, who mak eat materials im th eat fashions, a6. modernt G . Give him a call. Spring Mantilas —Notice,—G, Brodie takes ylenoure in informing the ladies of New York and the pub- ie in general, thst he has preparation a namber of cngavings, illustrating the styles of mantillas, tal- mas, b . polkas, and ado chambres, of the prose farbior h will th afew days be ready for distribut! He Lav entered Into arranyements to hese provailing moder pabli in their ven: in tl ine