The New York Herald Newspaper, January 18, 1853, Page 4

NEW YORK HERALD. JA°AES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR AND EDITOR. OFWMes BW. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS.» | , cash im ashame. SME Dar HERALD, two cents per copy—$7 per an- | = WREKLY HERALD. eury S }, at Os conte OF dia oF © par annum: +f) rt of Great Britain, and $5 to any part of c ‘beth (0 wmwhwete the VOLURTARY CORRESPOND ENCEemiaininy De from amy quarter of the swortd; tf used, oo te Mberaily paid for, Oor FormiGn CorrssronDayTs ane PRenevisniy Regomrep to Skat aL. Lerrers AND | Packaetes movr Os \ ALL LETTERS by mail for Subscription, or with Adver- | L oneal mitogen gett, or the postage will be deducted from wy NO NOTICE taken of anonymous communications, We | Ge not return Chose rey rcled. | JOB PRINTING cancuted with neatness, cheapness, and | Adrertisem-wis ren. well every day. ————————————————_______——} Wetamme SVU cee eee ee +-No. 17. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—orscan Brorumes— meas ~~ BROADWAY THEATRE, Broadway—I. Barumns vr BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street—A New Way TO Pay Op Dxwes—Erow Bor. THEATRE, Chatham street——Wiow 2P QUAIL AND Wis MONKBY. * tTONAL Corr oe WALLACK’S THEATRE, Browdway—Two Cay Piay at Tar Gane Tue Rivas, WHITE'S TREATRE OF V\RMETTES, 17 and 19 Revicr= ALL THAT GrirrEns or Goww—Roven Diamosp— weTION AMERICAN MUSEUM—Afterncon—Grverat Tow Troms —Vuiace Goss, Evening —Gavmaal Tow Iremp—Vorry ‘Peeves. HELLER’S SALOON, 530 Broadway—Neckomancr. GEORAMA, 586 Broadway—Banvanp's Panorama OF THE Howry Lanp. CHRISTY’S OPERA HOUSE, 472 Brosdway—Enmoriay ‘Mowernuisy ey Cuxrsry’s Muvsi Reis, ‘WOOD'S MINSTRELS, Wood's Musical Hall, 444 Broad- way—Ermoruan MinsTREAy. CARCUS, 37 Bowery—EQquesrniaN ENTERTAINMENTS. Sew York, Tuesday, January 18, 1853. DOUBLE SHEET. THE NEW YORK WEEKLY HERALD. ‘The Ounard steamship America, Captain Shannon, will Wave Boston ai uoom to-morrow, fer Halifax and Liver- pool Sabscriptions and atvertisements for any edition of the Wew Yoru Henacp, will be received at the following place® ‘im Europe — RB. Sandford & Co., Londen. William Thomas & Co., 19 and 21 Catherine street. Livingston, Wells & Co., Paris. B. H. Revoil, 17 Rue de la Banque. ‘The European mails will close, in this city, at one and Maree o'clock this afternoon. The Wrexty Henan will be published at half past nine o'clock this morning. Single copies, in wrappers, sixpence. The News. Our telegraphic intelligence this morning, from Washington and elsewhere, is unusually interesting. Kt will be seen that the House of Representatives yesterday refused, by a very large vote, to suspend ‘the rules in order to permit Mr. Marshall to present his resolution providing for the appropriation of a fond of ten millions of dollars in order to enable General Pierce to meet any emergency that might arise during the recess of Congress. This, however, is by no means understood as having been a test vote. Many members who are known to be favorable tothe proposition were opposed to its introduction at this time, when there are some two hundred bills of the last session still lying on the Speaker's table undisposed of. They also wish to as- certain what are Gen. P.’s sentiments on the subject, in order that they may act understandingly. This is all very proper. Let the table be cleared. Let mem- bers ascertain what the Senate will do with Gen Case's resolution re asserting and enforcing the Mon- roe doctrine; and then let them place the govern- ment in a strong position, in order that the principles of the uation may be fully aud firmly carried out, under any circumstances. Among the petitions presented in the United States Senate, yesterday, was one signed by fourteen hundred citizens of New York, asking for a grant of one hundred and sixty acres of land to all who were engaged in the last war with Great Britain. Mr. Hale withdrew his resolution asking for infor- mation relative to the conduct of the late Commo- dore Morgan. A resolution was adopted calling for the correspondence relative to the fishery dispute. This will, perhaps, afford food for another interest- ing debate concerning the peculiar foreign policy of the administration. After an executive session, a brief debate took place on the bill for the construction uf a railroad to the Pacific. Mr. Brooke proposes ‘as a substitute for the measure before the Senate, that a contract Le made with the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company, whose application for a charter is at present engrossing considerable attention in the Wew York Legislature. The everlasting Homestead bill was made the special order for tomorrow week. What has become of Mr. Bennett's land distribution bill? Some important correspondence with regard to the imprisonment of the American Consul at Acapulco is reported to have been received, but its Jeading points our correspondent has omitted to state. The Cuban resolutions are the special order | for to-day. A warm controversy may consequently be expected. ‘The pension bills for the widows of Generals Arm- strong and McNeil were passed by the Honse; after | which a general debate sprung up on a bill to carry into effect the resolution passed by Congress in 1753 to erect a colossal equesirian statue of Washington. A general desire was expressed that instead of the Roman costume, the figure should appear in the old Continental uniform; and further, that Clark Mills, who has succeeded so admirably in executing the statne of Jackson, should perform the work. The bill was amended so as to appropriate forty thousand dollars to enable the President to secure the cervices of Mr. M., and then the measure jwas passed and sent to the where it was referred to the proper committee. A short discussion foliow 4 relative to the propriety of suspending the rules in order to permit the introduction of a resolution authorising the payment of fifteen thousand dollar+ to Mr. Mills for bis Jackson statue, and on taking the question, the proposition was negatived for want of a | two-thirds vote. The body then adjourned | Our special Washington correspondent writes that | ; | ment g ae it nate, there is but little hope for the French Spoilation bill | this sersion. There is entirely too much other work to be done to admit the taking up, at this late hour, of a meaeure in which such an immense gum of money ik iwvolved. It is thought that Senator Badger's nomination as Judge for trict will go over to the next session. upon the Alabama and Louisiana Senators. Ex-Benator Samuel 8. Phelps has been appoiated | by the Governor of Vermont to fill the vacancy erented in the United Stutes Seuute by the death ¢ Mr. Uphom. But little business of ed in the State Legielatr sembly, Mr. Burrong ed his epeech in op- positionto what he wrure si ial pot Reymour, alihongh the gen pr em: be that the Governor the camale completed who are favorable to i worry tloobserve a dispovt yailroad and Caw! ‘ it would be peopleet lurue to allow | get along peaveaily mon War adoyieo Vy Lat he Louisiana dis 5 al interest was transact re yesterday. In the As ff Gov s much Mr. I. nse t ernat im It all depends | | Arka mation from the Governors of the New York Alms house respecting any charges of corruption that may have been made against any member of the board. Be on the look out for the answer. The members of the Legislature of Florida are determined that the inhabitants of that State shall no fonger be pestered with Billy Bowlegs and his hand- ful of Seminoles. A bill has been passed authorizing the Governer to raise two regiments of volunteers, and tender their services to the government for the purpose of removing the Indians. Should the aid of these regiments be refused, and the red men be per- mitted to remain where they are up to tle 4th of May, the State authorities are to then go to work and compel them to leave. Although but twelve days’ have elapsed since the assembling of the Massachusetts Legislatare, petitions have already been sent in asking for additional bank- ing capital to the amount of upwards of three mil- lions of dollars. The Commissioners who were sent to Mexico by the Senate to investigate matiers connected with the Gardiner claim, after riding several hundred miles on mules, being shot at by guerillas, and | the steamer Isabel, which arrived at Charleston, from | Havana, last Friday. It is reported tnat the Com- mission have brought back witnesses to prove the in- idity of the claim; but then they have left the Doctor behind them. Now, look ott for warm work. Secretary Corwin and his coadjutors may as well pre- pare for a more severe flagellation than has been hitherto administered to them in regard to this affair, According to the last advices from Matamoras, the Mexican commandant was preparing for a strong resistance against any attack that might be made by the revolutionists, and the place had even been de- clared in a state of siege, although no enemies had made their appearance, and it was hardly probable that any would. From all quarters we have accounts of the intense coldness of the weather, and the detention of travel- lers by the late storm. The passengers on the ex- press railroad train which met with the accident near Great Bend, on Saturday night, seem to have had a very hard time of it. We also give the latest parti- culars from the scene of disaster at Squan Beach. A large number of men were yesterday employed in saving the cargo of the packet ship Cornelius Grinnell, but the vessel, it is supposed, will prove a total loss. The bark Esperanza and the pilotboat Washington, it is now confidently anticipated, will be got off. Twenty cattle, two horses and fifty tons of hay, were destroyed by the burning of a barn, at Hatfield, Mass., yesterday. Alexander Sterritt, one of the large number of | persons who have recently been arrested in Philadel- phia on charges of counterfeiting, was yesterday convicted of making spurious dollars. We are grieved to announce the perpetration of two more horrible decds within our city. Patrick Fitzgerald yesterday shot and instantly killed his wife; and on Saturday night, John Hines, while abusing his wife, was attacked and so severely beaten by three men, that he died next morning from the injuries inflicted. Full particulars of both affairs are given elsewhere. A committee of the Board of Aldermen was en- gaged yesterday afternoon in hearing evidence in support of the petition presented to the Common Council against the use of locomotives below Sixty- first street, on the line of the Hudson River Railroad Company. It will be seen from the report, which appears in another column, that the inquiry stands over to the 31st inst. Last evening, the New York Typographical So- ciety celebrated, at Niblo’s rooms, the one hun- dred and forty-seventh anniversary of the birth of Franklin. Of the proceedings a report will be found elsewhere in our columns. We have in type, and shall to-morrow endeavor to publish, a reply from the Cuban Junta to the letter of one of our Washington correspondents, relative to the feasibility of establishing a republic in the island of Cuba. The document is very interesting, and contains some facts that may not be generally known. In addition to the lengthy review of the New York Provision Markets, which will enable the reader to form some idea of what. it cnsta ta foot +-~ ycuple of euis great Metropolis, our inside pages to-day con tain the following :—Letters from Paris, giving a complete history of the progress of events in the French empire; List of California Custom House Of- ficers; the Presidential Vote of Missouri; Naval In- telligence; Court Proceedings; Lines written by a Lady for the Inanguration of the Equestrian Statue of Jackson; Financia! and Commercial Reports; Ad- vertisements, &c. Pactfic Ratlroad—Speech and Pian of Mr. | Gwin-Whitney’s Plan—Benton’s Plan—The | New York Company’s Plan. { The late speech of Mr. Gwin. of California, in the Senate of the United States, in the ex- position and advocacy of bis projét for a rail- road from the Mississippi valley to the Pacific ocean, brings up that vast and important sub- ject for the practical consideration of Congress. ‘That the road must be built, has become a fixed fauet—that it can be built, nobody doubts—that it will he built, everybody believes; and that it should be built without delay, is the univer- | sal judgment of the country. It remains yet to be determined, however, by what plan and by what route this ‘grand connecting iron ligament between the Atlantic aud the Pacific slopes of this broad Union is to | be constructed. Of the various plans proposed | during the last ten years, the most prominent are thore of Whitney and Benton, heretofore | presented; and during the present session, the plan of Mr. Senator Gwin and the plan of the New York Company. The plan of Asa Whitney, which he agitated in the legirlatures of the various States, and in both houses of Congress, with great perseverance for several years, seems to have been dropped, | at length, by general consent, as an obsolete | idea. It proposed to build a railroad from the | southern end of Lake Michigan, westward, taking some pase north of the South Pass, through the Rucky Mountains, so as to strike the Pacifle ocean at Puget’® Sound, or the | mouth of the Columbia river in Oregon. To achieve this immense work Mr. Whitney only aeked of the government the alternate sections | ofa grant of land sixty miles wide, along the entire route from Lake Michiyan to the Pac’ the lands to be sold to reimburse the builders the work progressed. and the road, on its } completion ne to be surrendered to the govern- But a land monopoly like this however by saving clauses, was destined to fall fallen, from ite own dead weight, to the by « Besi | solitary indi ¢, utterly im ha ground euch av undertaking, 8, prima fu practicable The next prominent projée was that of Colonel Berton, on 3 seale (ban that of Whitney and more imposing aad Old the exploring « n of large ideas f Fre ir xp terra ont throughout that vast he front and the Western ocean had made th Senator etween ore of Missourl and enthusiast wher aL a regard up aod He proposed trunk from St. cife railroad be drew plan before the Senate. © vet ont with a grand i rd, through (hb with Pass or sory ring pars, over the backbone of the con croveing it, to etrike off w her to Calik . nd, after th dan r till another branch on the Rocky alas, AL, these wa to New Ac wae WETG rearching in vain for the Doctor's mines, retarned in i | from the Atlantic to the Pacific all governn | matier and material, of any kind, for a peri tobave a margin of a mile reserved on each side, for stations, depots, &c. Aud furthermore, In the outset, along the two great lines to the Pacific, be provided first, for the construction of a broad eommon highway; and there was re- served a similar provision for the Santa Fe line. This great enterprise, throughout, he proposed to rest upon the broad shoulders of the govern- ment, aud es @ basis of capital for the work, to appropriate the procecds of all the public lands to earry it on. The objections to this plan are’ apparent. It is too heavy and eumbersome. It will require too much legislation, too much machinery, and too much time to get it started; after which there would be but a shadowy prospect of even the partial completion of the plan, within any reasonable length of sime. Next we have the plan of Mr. Gwin ; and he proposes to take the following route :— The plan proposed requires that the iain trank of of a great Pacitic railway system shall commence at San Francisco, in California, and ing around the southern arm of the bay of San Francisco, through | Santa Clara, San Jose, and ina northeast direction | across the coast range of mountains, through Stock- ton, to a point nearly south of the source of the Stan- islaus river; thence glong the ‘foot hills” of the Sierra Nevada range, and east of the San Joaquin river and lake Tulares, to a point designated on the map as “* Walker's Pass;” thence eastwardly on, and near the parallel of 35 deg. of north latitude, to Zani, in longitude 32 deg. west, across the Sierra Madre mountains, by well known passes through which there are wagon roads now in use, to Albuquerque, a town on the east fork of the Rio Grande, and con- tinuing east on said paraliel to a point about thirty- five miles south of Santa Fe, in meridian of 27 Teg.of west longitude from Washington; thence south- | easterly to the source of Red River, and along the left | or north bank of suid river to Fulton, near the south- west corner of the State’ of Arkansas. From this great trunk railway a St. Louis branch will begin at a point nearly due south of Santa Fe, and ing a northeasterly direction will fall in with the road from Santa Fe to’ Independence, Missouri, at or near San Miguel, (a town on the Rio Pecos,) and keeping with said road as near as practicable to the town of Inde- pendence, Missouri ; thence by the located roads in that State to St. Louis, thus connecting at that point with the great eastern thoroughfares of the ro and middle States, already made or in process of con- struction. He proposes, also, various connecting branches with the main trunk to the Pacific. as follows: Miles. From San Francisco, via Fulton, in Arkansas, to Memphis (main trunk)....... pens ‘The St. Louis branch, from bd peg on the main trunk, thirty-five miles south of Santa Fe, to St. Louis... : ;: page vie The Dubuque branch from a point on the St. Louis branch, where it intersects the Arkansas river, to Dubuque. . ‘The Texas branch, from the source of Red river, on the southern bend of the main trunk, to the source of the Colorado river, and thence to Matagorda bay, on the gulf.. The New Orleans route from Ful leans..... eaee pad And the Oregoi i California, to Fort Nisqually, in Oregon. . . Total length of railroad to be constructed. But what are the means for this prod chain of tremendous railroads ? “ The means Le ge to construct this railway and branches, is a from Congress of public land to the States of Louisiana, Missouri, Arkansas, Iowa, | | California.and an appropriation for the construction of | the road through the territories, of an aggregate quan- tity of 152,400 square miles, or 97,536,000 acres; and this appropriation isto meet the expenses of a Pacific railway aud branches of 4,400 milea, because from the aggregate length of 5,115 miles is to be deducted the Texas branch, inasmuch as the government of the United States has no public lands to grant within the limits of that State.” By contracts with the States concerned, these roads are to be completed in five years, except- | ing the California branches, and the territorial, which, from their greater extent and difficulties of construction, are allowed an extension of ten years—Congress to regulate freights aud fares —roads to be delivered up to government iu thirty years—all government officials and trans" portation to pass over the road in the meantime free of charge. and to have the preference of transit. &e. | 2 Lhe objections to this plan are the same as those which apply to Col. Benton’s, but ina more aggravated form. The plan is too sta- pendous—embraces too many objects and projects at the same time. and we ap- prehend, if attempted, would be found to be utterly unmanageable. Under this impres- | sion. therefore, without further argument. we are constrained to drop the plan of Mr. Gwin. The great desideratum, first of all. is the main line to the Pacific, leaving all lateral or branch lines to take care of themselves; for, | o & tou to New Or- when the great trunk is completed. or even fair- | ly under way. we may reset aseured there will be found capital enough and enterprise enough to look after the tributary lines, We come now to the plan of the New York Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company. A bill is now before our State Legislature for the in- corporation of this company. consisting of Levi S. Chatfield, Frederick Follett, William J. McAlpine, Erastus Corning, Dean Richmond, Orville Clark. Peter Cooper. Abram Huett, Simeon Draper. Sanford E. Church, William W. Leland, Andrew G. Chatfield, Ebenezer Allen. Samuel Merrill, Noah Allison. David Newcomb, Clark Burnham, George W. Smyth, Ira P- Barnes, Ezra Lincoln, Dudley S. Gregory, John Wilkinson, Michael Burke. and such other per- sons as shal] or may be associated with them for the purpose of constructing a railroad from } the Mississippi valley or from the Gulf of Mexico to San Francisco, or some other ayail- | able point on the Pacific ocean—reserving. also. | to the company the right of a branch to Oregon. After making the necessary provisions for the survey of the route. the bill provides that the | company shall finish a single track to the Pa- | cific in five years. and for a line, also, of mag- | netic telegraph. The capital stock is fixed at | a hundred millions, in shares of a thousand dol- | lars each. The maximum charge for passengers | is limited at four cents per mile. and at four cents for two thousand pounds, or one ton, per | mile for freight, other than metals, or live | stock, or animals, These, omitting the details | of organization, are the prominent features of the bill. | The compeny propoee to build say fifty miles | of road. upon which the government of the United States will irsue bonds to the company. | at so much per mile; and when fifty miles | } \ | more are completed, another issue of bonds. at a fixed amount per mile to be issned and soon | until the entire work is completed to Sun Di- ego. For this loan of credit, to whatever ex- tent it may be, within thirty :millions of dollars. | the company propore to carry the mails, of naval and other stores Hiciuls, fact, to transport nt 1] of thirty years, free of all charge. This ser- vice (a saving in the mails alone, of $800,090 a ycar) will be worth to the goverament ai least three millions of dollars per annum, which in thirty years will amount, with interest ou ex- penditares ae now made, to upwards of oue bendred millions of dollars. This immense sum w ll be saved to the people of the United States for the mere loan of the government credit to this company for thirty millions of dollars. Every dollar of this credit will be protected by the railread company. and every dollar liqui- dated. perhaps before maturity Tog arees of this Comp by, and of the kind of mea eugaged in some idea of the re | nature of the article in a warm climate. this great national enterprise, it is only neces- sary to state that Peter Cooper, of New Jersey, will furnieh the iron. and the Messre. Norris. of Pennsylvania, the motive power. Contractors of experience, capital, energy. and perseve- rance, have already offered to put the whole line in thé"hands of engineers and laborers, and have agreed to complete the work within five years, There isno doubt this can be accom- plished, a8 wonderful and extraordinary as it may appear. The route contemplated is the most feasible of any yet surveyed, and if ever a railroad to the Pacific is constructed, it will, most probably, be along the line proposed by this company. The advantages, then. presented by this plan. are, first, that it combines the public credit, and a large organization of private capital, ekill means, materiuls, machinery. and enter- prise, in this great work. This is the best and the only practicable sort of combination for the success of so vasta scheme, Undertaken by the government alone. or by the government in con- junction with the States. the work would lan- guich from bad management. from excessive ex- penditures, needless delays, and from continual changes from one sct of managers to another, through the intrigues and corruptions of our po- litical elections. On the other hand, no private company, upon its own resources. could either undertake or accomplish this work. requiring the basis of a capital of a hundred millions, We have too many other investments of private capital. The work must necessarily depend upon a combination of private enterprise and capital and the credit of the government to be- bin with. Then. again. the great object of first accomplishing the main trunk, in a single track to the Pacific is here properly made the leading idea. That object attained. the rest of the work. and all its tributary lines, will be comparatiye- | ly easy. It would be work a of supererogation to re- capitulate the advantages which would accrue to | the country and the government from a rail across the breast of the continent to the Pacific. These advantages are manifest. It would bind the Atlantic and Pacific slopes of the Union firmly together—it would settle and develope the resources of those vast uninhabited wastes between the Mississippi and the Pacific—it would reduce the cost of the trip to San Fran- cisco from five hundred to one hundred dollars or less—it would indemnify the government for any outlay, and it would ultimately pay the cost of construction in the article of gold alone ; it would bring. with steam lines to China and Australia, the illimitable riches of Asia and its monstrous cordon of golden islands. via San Francisco to New York—it would reduce the trip from Canton to New York to thirty days. The European route to China would be by this port, and by the Pacific railroad and the Paci- fic ocean. It would make New York and San Francisco (as they must ultimately be) the queen cities of the earth. Indeed, though we may annex all Mexico and Central America, and open all their lines of oceanic inter-commu- nication, the necessities and advantages of the Pacific railroad will be scarcely diminished. The subject is now before Congress, and a feasible plan is at length submitted for their | consideration. some such plan. and the great problem will soon be solved. We already begin to have a lively presentiment of hearing. before the next census, the enorting of the iron horse in the gorges of | the Rocky mountains. and the echoes of his shrill whistle from the hills of Ser Ptvew OUUgewen prs she must be built. It is the great idea of the coun- try, and of the age. It is “ manifest destiny.” Corosiat, Trave.—In our last Thursday's edition we published an account of proceedings in the British province of New Brunawick, in relation to a trade that has sprung up with Cuba and Porto Rico, and, while the colonies are seeking to obtain reciprocity with this | country, embodying the not over modest or neighborly attempt to obtain from the Spanish authorities exclusive advantages over the United | States. The trade between Halifax and the Spanish colonies is, however, of a more valuable charac- | ter, and we collect, from a report presented at the last meeting of the Legislature there, that the export to the foreign West India islands of their principal article—tixh—has of late been largely on the increase, Porto Rico having taken during the preceding year 70,000 quintals of dry fish, and 15,000 barrels of mackerel and herring—Cuba 32,000 quintale of dry fish, and 1,000 barrels of pickled fish. Jamaica, however, appears to be thelr best customer, as the exports to that island during the same period had been 103,000 quintals of dry fish, and 43,000 barrels of mackerel, herring | and salmon. besides 3,300 barrels of fish oil, with a considerable quantity of butter, lumber, &e., from the port of Halifax alone, exclusiv | of what had been sent from the outports, The other West India islands only took 26,000 quin- tals of dry, and 4,500 barrels of pickled fish, the | remainder of their supplies being sent direct | from Newfoundland. The export to the United States during the same year was 58,146 barrels of mackerel, 18,490 barradls of herrings, 3,215 salmon, and 3.603 quintals of codfish. The West India trade is subject to g certainty, however, and, ng to the per 1 able fre From quently makes the voyage a ruinous one, the statement of the Jamaica market, furnished , by our correspondent at Kingston, which we published on Friday, it appears that dry tieh, in | caske, did not command more than two dollars and a half—abont the price at the place of ship- ment; and among the imports we noticed two bundred tierces of dry fish, chipped from Balti- more, which must have been brought there from Nova Scotia— while Irish butter is held at nine- teen and twenty cents, cheaper then it is sold in New York. The trade between that provinee and Canoda is very trifling, consisting of a few shipments of | herring and oil, which is attributed to the very i}iberal laws of the latter province, during the last two years, enforcing higher duties on ship ments of West India products from th houses in Halifax than elgn Cuba and Porto Rico sending their sh Canada on better term at a lees rate of duty. It would appes establishment of r quite a not only is there thi Can eo ware- porta from f nte to tia, and than Ni that the colonies re the rocity among themselves much 98 with the United States; for diveriminating duty in guire duties arc levied than is tmposed on ch cured fish in thie country, amounting to $150,000 annually, exclusive of a heavy tonnage duty; while similar duties are levied on the yroductions of the West India islands when ar- riving in the North American provinces, Let them act upon it. or upon | Bee | vail in motion, for the road | la in favor of foreigners, but in Jamaica | Tue City TAaxaTIoN FoR 1853.—The mane | elicited the most enthusiastic applause from ner in which the Common Council whip sa- tan round the stump, in reference to the ject were not too serious for pleasantry. Last year, by way of diminishing the taxation in appearance, they fixed the levy at $5,340,511 05. But. at the end of the year, what the fact? Instead of being less than three miHiens and a half, the expenditure considerably execeded four millions The deficiency amounted to nearly three-quarters of a million, which ought to have been added to the tax of 1852, instead of being thrown into the tax of the present year, The exact figures are as follow: Levy for 1852 Deficiency. Total... erate 4,12 This, therefore, was the expenditure of 1852; and if that amount had been levied as it ought to have been, the rate, instead of being 96 70-100 in the hundred dollays, would have been 117 20-100. With the foregoing deticiency for Council go to work again to.make an apparent reduction in the tax for 1853, The Comp- troller, in his report in December last, es- timated the tax for this year at $5,171,802 79, which is an excess over the tax of last year of The | more than a million and three-quarters. figures stand thus:— Estimate for 1853. Tax levied in 1852 | Excess this year, The Finance Committee of the Board of Al- dermen, to whom was referred the Comptroller's report, proposed a reduction of $250,000, and the Board adopted the proposition, The Board of Assistant Aldermen concurred. and the re- solution is now the law. But, even with 1852 staring them in the face, the Common | thie reduction, the tax will be $4,921,802 79, | which is an increase of more than a million and a half of dollars over the tax of 1852, or, to give the figures more exactly, $1,541,291 74. This is a fearful increase ina single year. But it will be found to be under the mark, and the Comptroller’s estimate will turn out to be the real expenditure, if even that docs not fall short of it. Better for the citizens to know the worst at once, than to be deluded with the hope of a reduction, though a quarter of a mil- lion of dollars, after all, would be but a small retrenchment from a tax of $5,171,802 79. It is no wonder that taxation is so frightfully increased when there is such reckless aud pro- fligate expenditure—when the public money is voted away for the expenses of Kossuth and suite, and other objects equally ridiculous and absurd, while at the same time there is a steady increase of expense in every department of the city government. What a contrast between 1835 and the present year! Then the expendi- | ture was only $862,006. Now, it is exactly six times that amount! Truly, we are a fast people. Wuar it Costs ro Freep New York—Wasu- INGTON MARKET AND ITs BeStnEss.—Comparative- ly little is known about the extent of the busi- ness transacted in the various markets through- out the city, or of the manner in which it is ¢ conducted. In Washington market alone the | yearly sales exceed twenty-eight millions of dol- lars, and twenty thousand persons are depen- dent upon it for a subsistence. These simple | facts would doubtless appear incredible to many, were they not supported by undeniable proof | furnished by the dealers themselves. As there | is much that is interosting tv the public gene- rally, and important toa large portion of the community, particularly to the business classes, in these markets, we have collected a great muny valuable statistics in relation to them, which we shall present to our readers from time | to'time. In another part of this paper will be found a description of Washington market, a de- tailed account of the various articles of produce sold in it, the yearly sales, the number of deal- dealers whose receipts amount to two hundred thousand dollars a year, and many have realized ; fortunes init. The docks in front of it, and for many hundred yards on either side, are con- stantly crowded with barges containing pro- duce, and West street, and the other thorough- faves in its immediate vicinity, are thronged every morning with the carts of grocers receiv- ing their daily supply of provisions, and the wagons from Long Island, New Jersey, and the | country around New Yor Its business is chiefly wholesale, and its dealers have custom- | ers in almost every part of the United States. | Within the last three or four years, large ship- | Inents of apples have been made by the Cunard | steamers for England, and immense quantities of potatoes and other descriptions of produce, ave shipped during the season to various South- ern porte, | Washington market transacts a more exten- | sive business than any other in the United Staics, and we doubt if there is one in England which exceeds it in this respect. St. Johns market, in Liverpool, is said to be larger, but | we are informed, by those who have done busi- ness there, that the aggregate yearly receipts of the dealers are not more than one-fourth the amount received in Washington market. There is, perhaps, no stronger evidence of the rapid growth and immense wealth of our city than that presented by our markets, and by Wash- ington market in particular, | | | Tas New York Prvors,—The pilots are seek- | ing a new law from the Legislature. to regulate the pilotuge of this port. They do not wisha mone poly of the business, but desire protection. Some of the merchants are opposed to the moves ment, ically arein favor of free tr: bot Mesers, Sturges. Marshall, Blunt and Tay- lor. the Pilot Commissioners, state that a law is necestory. There is no harm in bringing the matter before the Legislature, and we can then hear both sides, and ide between them. The Two Operas. MAvaMe ALBOMI as Roeiya, aT Tie Broapway Tara THR.—TLe tide of visiters etill flow on to the Broadway thestre The audience war again enebanted with her loot evening in a new réle, Rosina, in the opera of the Parber The music of Rowsini is at all ti chart iow have we beard this opers rendered { Seville wn ively than on last evening. «of Madame Alboai, in the which she performed last evening, for the first n | ore | Shek n Barber of Se | time in Ameren, was, we should ray, if we could forget | her Arofna and her Marie, her chef d’ wurre. It ts impow | sible to conceive Low much expression she throws into | every word- rors to her to be merely the | langurge sting is eq her wing | je, and ly articulated, sons to | Albont, a true ar Vik ne with r t of @ musician, but alo her words } he propriety of a publie apeaker: xbe acquite her. | like a vetional ereatur inanire th the | thought that musi te 9 rctence divine" ano} ug of | heaven, given to wipe the (esr of sorrow from the eye and heal dicease beyond the reach of a On her entrence, she was reeeived with great warmth Lier tiret eflort, “Una Vuee Veo fa,” wae» tciumph, and ers, and such other matters as we consider of i | interest to the general reader. There are some | and fashionable audience, who ‘ontinued throughout to appreciaté the excellence she displayed in the whole part Rovere ix an cxeellnt Rector Bartolo. He was rich im tax levy, would be highly amusing if the sub- | yoice, aud vivacious and humorous in his acting. The Figaro of Coletti was olso lively and well rendered, and Faugiovanni was in good voice, but we #houkt like to nee him with a little move life as Cooft Almaviva. Barili ac~ quitted hinurelf very well as Don Hasilio, and the whole Opera went off with gent, ‘The house presented a Drilliant appesrarce, and at the end of the opera, Aibon!, in answer to the seneral fiat of the audience, came fore the curtain, xecompau by the other @rti-tes, and was welecmed with » saver of bouquets. She will repeat the same character this evening, Msvamm Sontag as Rosmva, av Nipto’s.—The brilliant, und fashionable auditory which on last evening dled Niblo’s theatre to repletion, must not only have beem pleased, but delighted, with the splendid execution of the “ Porber of Seville,” by Mademe Sontag, and the artistes: of ber (roupe. For our own part, our most fastidious re- rements were move than realized, from the overture to the Gnale. BM ‘s pure, rich, and melodious seprand danced en. the light and sparkling music of Rossini, and elicited well deserved and oft-repeated bravon and | acting was wel could realize, Rosina, that t « from the brilliant assembly, Her y of her artistie- fame, and mone gracefal ond even girlish figare of lal pee more years than the youthful he the oper, whom she 80 trathfully imyergonated. After singing of the more beautiful there were loud calls for eneore, but the more wad, and the opera was. Between the acts, and the assembly had the siration for the prima dene and her asst they having appeared be- fore the Mbt, in Obedience to Ue call of the house. We haye spoken of Madame Soutay in the terms whieb her magnificent rendering of ( ‘ole of Rosina merits; it remains for us now to pay Uke meed of our praise to Big- nor Badiali, for his humorous and capital delineation of the ploiting and mischievous barber, Figaro; to Pozzo- lini, whose tine voice and irreproachable acting were de- veloped in the charecter of Count Almaviva; to Roceo, for his excelient rendering of the jealous, amorous, but: befooled guardinn of the fair Kesima, and to Gasparoni, for the manner in which he dressed and acted the singing masier, Don Basilio, In feet, all ve excellent in their several réles, and we feel confident that not one in that fmuncnse and brillant assembly would dissent from the Ligh commendation we feelit ta to bestow on the great Queen of Song aud her taleate( (row second and last representation of the ~Lerber’ Is announced for to bierrow. The ther and the Sleighing. ‘The leigh bells etill timkle through the streets as nois- ily and merrily e+ on the morning of their debe for the reason, last week, and the gay and lively portion of the community deliver themeelyes up with as much ardor to the :port of sleigh riding. as when it had the charm of novelty for them, roadway, and the other avenues and streets, have been, for the pact two days, in the very best condition for sleighing-—the fro-t of Saturday night and Sunday having converted the foot deep of slosh into the consistency of granite, over whic’: Lhe sleighs bound with a velocity equal to the rate whch 4 {assian courier main- taims when carrying official despatches. But on Sunday few could be found daring enough to beard, in their sleighs, the eutting north wind, and such as were dea) rate enough to hazard it, hid themselves beneath heayiest furs and buffalo robes. Yest y, however, the enn shone forth unelouded all the day, and the air was mild and genial. The trotfoire of Broadway presented their usual brilliant array of beauty and fashion, and the carriage way teemed with handsome two and four horse sleighs, driving with a roptalt y which brought the blush of health to the cheeks of the gentle dames who had not anticipated the action of the tracing air by slight touches of rouge. There were an immense number r, handsome equipages in the street, and it appeared that the ladies of the avenues had turned out en grande tenue, with their precious persons enveloped in the costliest furs. wheeled omnibuses had almost driven the sl from the streets, though still there were sufficient num- bers of them plying to give character to the moving panorama of Broadway. On the whole, the scene in the streets was not unlike what St. Petersburg might be supposed to present at this season. City Intelligence. Tux TRIBUNE AND ITS ReMARKAMLY: FORKIGN Nuws.—The New York Trituyie, grand as it is in philosophy, great in abolitionism, spirit knockings, and woman’s rights, ri- valling the little Times in the lucidity of its theatrical criticisms, is astoundingly brilliantin its foreign news de- partment. If an ordinarily atteative reader of the Hwaaup should sometimes chance to cast his eye over that of the 7/itune's columns devoted to European intellige: he will very often be not a little as an! puzi at his own familiarity with some of the ire and, if probably opportunity ot ic his memory is good, he ma: ot ing the same thing a month before in the Heratp. But the ‘Tritune is exceedingly droll, and this feature constitutes one of its ordinary facetia. As an illustration of this pe- culiarity on the part of our philosophic neighbor, we find, in’his isane of yorterday, the translation of an ar- ticle from one of the French papers apropos of the oe- cupation of Samana. The history of thts article is rather ious. Some five weeks ago while elucidating the re. tmaovement in that quarter, the HERALD, to present. the French view of the matter, published the translation. of an article from Le Phare, of New York. This wasafter- wards re translated by the Journal du Havre, and from the latter paper has been again rendered’ into Eng- lirhand transferred to the lucid columns of the Tribune, where it appeared yesterday morning, making a great splurge, and forming the text ‘or an editorial. To make the joke more telling, and to mystify still more the pa- ternity of the article in quostion, the 7ribune atcributes it to the Courier, instead of the Journal du Havre. He would have been somewhat nearcr the mark if he had headed it—Tranalated frou the New York Heratp ot 2th December, 1852. The use to which our cotemporary makes the articie cubservient ix no less characteristic of” m than the facetious littie incident itself. He thinks at Faustin the First, the woolly-headed Emperor of ti, should turn the revelation ucrein contained to ef. fect, and repudiate his debt to Frenee. in retatiation for the solace and support given by that power to the little Dominican republic. A capital suggestion, though we doubt its practicability, with a Yrench fleet in the Antilles With this latter con-ideration, it appears worthy of the defillant nodal wiih gare it Mirth, and the ebony one to which it was directed.” In the classic language of gil—Arcades amido, ee ee ‘Tio Weanter.— ue weather for the last few days has been very coli, the thermometer ranging from 14 to 28 degrees above zero. Yeeterday it was not so cold as the on a May morning. and in those places where it shone a slight thaw was visible. On the 20th of Janaary, 1852, which was the coldest day last winter, the thermometer stood at $ degrees above vero at 7 o'clock A. M. On the isth of this month, which has been the coldest day this year, the thermometer stood at 14 degrees above zero at o'clock A. M.; at the saine time last year at 13 di above ze ‘Thus it will be seea that there is a striking simillarit: the temperature of those two days. Last evening, at 7 o'clock, the thermometer at the Herald Office stood at 26 degrees above zero, ; Seca pers Oe Yadoc Pratt will deliver # lecture before this valuable Institute, at their roo: i evening. It will be worth heuring. ene Finis.—About 6 o'clock yoxterday morning, the board ers and oecupants of the Gramercy Hotel, situated corner of Broadway and Nineteenth «treet, were thrown into great confusion, which was ca broke onrt in the seeded ae cane by @ fire which t second atory, The rat too near the grate caught fire, rafters being placed nd before it wax discover- ed it had spread over the floor, and burned the contents of both the gentlemen's and public parlors, On the dis. covery of the Sre, the alarm wa< promptl given, where. upon the policemen proceeded to the spot, but found upon their arrival that they conld not extinguish. They very prudently sont for engine company No. 26, which ina few moments quenched the flames. A hop, in the evening, tae ee et but was prevonied by this bibl acc. lent. ‘The damage was vot very heavy, about $900 or $1,000. ¢ sidnsiancieah : an olarm f fire was erested on Sunday night by the ignition of a pile of shavings in the ire se, corner of Broadway and Spring atreot. ee ee Accprnrs.—About eleven o'¢ lady, named Elizabeth Suttler, fell on the sidewalk, in Broome street, near Ridge street, and injured herselt severely. she was assisted to her residence, No, 106 At- torney street, by the police, Amun named Nelson Dal- rymple, while ina state of intoxication, slipped on the ice which covered the sidewalk, on the corner of Chatham and Orange . and injured himself seriously, He was conveyed to his rextdence by a few citizens, where medical aid was prooured. On’ Sanday evening, about ie o'clock, a man namad William Thomas, whilst cross- Ninth aveuue, near Sixteenti «treet, slipped on the ice, andin the fall broke his le his residence, No, 249 Weat street procured the services of a physician. DistiroTION.—Yosterday, a nombor of emi, lvock on Siinday an old He wax conveyed to by the police, who ‘ants, whe had just Innded from the ship Vides, which hay just ar rived here from Liverpool, were forrnd by a eitizen in Cen tre «treet, crying from want andexposure. He humanely bronght them to the Hmigvant ottice, where they were refused admittance. He then proceeded to the office of the Chief of Peltee, who ordered one of his men to convey them to the Third ward station house, where they were ecuforiably lodged for the night Svrrown Romsy,—On Friday night a trunk was found in the upper part of Wost «treet, rided of its contents, ox cept naturalization papers in tlie uame of John H. Slif fens. Thetrunkand papers can he had on the application of the owner at Mr, Vottor’s Lumber gard, corner of West. and King sireels ie Court Catendar—Thix Day. » Srares Creovir Covet.—The trial of the Steam eindeer Disaxte tp Stat Leaucr Court. PRYBE Covrr.—Circuit—Noe No calendar. 2, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11, 26, 4. 28,'106, 65, 130, . 114, 12, MAL, 161, 168, 171, 175, 267, 279. Part’ See , BUA, 528 to 338, 56, 200, 18, 20, US, 207 233, ), 262, 206, nin publie life, has, @rlively new growth of 1 for ten yours past 1, and the divect aad hown, at any time. Vie pre Gepol rowuns, Add Clawabors sh unmintakeable evs poration jy on pale at te