The New York Herald Newspaper, December 21, 1852, Page 7

NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BE PROPRIRTOR AND SOWSEY THRATHE, Bowory. Heenxw Sox-—ius Svaarcen, ~ sf BROADWAY THRATRE, Brcadway.—Tus Prai—Man- Simp ano Seria, SER WIBIO'S.- Surraxa—Kx our or Anva~Karnenixe aup Pere vcuio. 5 Chambers strvek—-Lox nox AND Foard at terioy iLLKRRe® WANTRD. NAL TARATRR, Chatham street—E mann PavecuseOLD Tout Hover--Ounane 01 rms WALLACK' THRATRE. Broadway.—Sus Sroors to GPonqven —Bors z+ Goon Leex. WHITE'S THEATRE OF VARIRTIBS, 17 and 19 Bove- te —Tarexee-Misowie ore Nieeea-Rovviay Bor, AMBRICAN MUSRUM- Afternoon -Use Ur. Evening Peary Tueve MELLER’S SALOON, “0 Brosdway—Nickomanor, GEORAMA, 586 Brosdway—Banvanv's Pavenana ov ‘Pwa Bory Lawn. ‘ BROADWAY.—Mronaxroar Exusverrion. OCORINTY'S OPERA HOUSE, 472 Broadway—Brmovras Msmsracioy sy Cuksery's Minera sie. WOOD'S MINSTEBLS, Weo: way. —Ermorian MinsTRErsy CEROUS, W Bowery—Mavxsraian Rvrxar annus. DOUBLE SHEET. ‘New York, Tuesday, December 21, 1852. iusioa) Lall, 444 Bromd- Malls tor Europe. HE NEW YORK WEEKLY BERALD. The Comard steamship Niagara, Uaptain Stone, will Weve Bestop at noon op Wednesday, for Talifax aad Liverpool. Bubreriptions and advertisements tor any edition o! the Mew York Henatp will be rocetved at the following Places -— B. Benford & Co., Lovdon ‘Wiliam Thomas & Co , 19 snd 21 Catherine street Livingrton, Wells & Co , Paris. B.H. Revoil, 17 Rue dc ls Banque. The Buropean mails will close in this eity at one aud @aree o'clock this afternocm. The Weexiy Herat will be” publirhed at half-past nine o'clock this mogu ing. Magic copies, in wrappers, Aixpence. ‘The News, ‘The mojority of readers will regret to learn that the continved ill state of the Hon. W. R King’s health has compel’ed him to resign his post as | Fresidext of the United States Senate, under the hope that a temporary respite from labor may ro- store his enfeebled constitution. Out special cor- respondent writes that tbe symptoms in tho veno- rable Senator's eazo, though far more aggravated, aro very similar to those of the late Mr. Clay, and that unless a change for the better shall speedily take place he cannot survive. has been relieved from active duty by the election ef Mr. Atchison, of Missoari, as President of the Benste, in whom the intercats of tho Sonth and West are conceutrated Should our country be 20 wnfertunate 2ato lose Mr. King, especially before the counting of the votvs cast by the clectors for President und Vico President, a curious question will arise as to who wiil be called to tho oilice of Vieo President. No similar case having ever before happened, we elsowhere give our viows at Jongth 28 to the manner in which the affair will pro- bably be settled. Nearly the whole of yesterday was spent by the United States Senate in debating the claims of Messrs. Dixun und Merriwether to the seat for Ken- tacky. The dispute was anally dovided by » vote of twenty-seven to sixteen, declaring that Mr. D. had been duly elected by the Kentucky Legislature te fill the vacavey occasioned by the prospective resignation of Mr. Clay, prior to his death. Asa large majority of Senator: are peliticnlly opposed to Mr Dixon, this decision may be looked upon as a virtual settlement of all cases of the kind that hereafter arize. It is, without doubt, in etriot ac- cordance with the Jetter of the constisution, as we | have hitherto shown. Bat little was done in the House of Represonta- tives yesterdsy. After a protracted and uninterest- ing debate, the proposition to appoint a general | committee of fifteen, on private claims, was rejected Seme of the members very truly remarked that there were alroady facilities enowgh for getting money out of the treasury, without passing suy measure of this kind. This being the case, why do not the more sensihlo portion of cur Congressmen endeavor to push along the necerzary business of | the government, instead of dillydallying during the long seszions, in order that they and their col- Jeagnes may draw all they oun out of the | public crib, at the rate of eight dollars per | diem each? If they are so very eenzitive ebout the improper withdrawal of the national funds, why do they not pass a bill giving each Oongressman a stipulated amount per year for his services? The paseoge ofa measure of this kind would have the «fleet of not only serdivg the most honorable and enlighte: ed men to Washington, but would also cause the work of the national legislstcre to be traveseted in proper season. It is not probable that we should then hear ef the enactment of any imps jew appropriation bills, similar to that which osused the rurpension ef the survey of the Mexioan boundary. Mr. Ewing submitted a properition to amend the constitution with regard to the sclestion of Presidenticl electors, so that, with the exocoptien of those for the Btate at large, one should be chosen in each Congressioual district, instead of, as nox, in @ bodyland by the State ut large. Our special correspondent mentions that it & pretty well understood that the majority of Con gretemen are irdicpoeed to grant any outils for foreign relvsiong until towards the close of tt tion; nei Ler will they be likely to pass any bili that wil) create » board of eommissiousrs. Io short they termined \o reserve all tho executive pa trouaye they possibly can, in order that it may ve tainly divided among tho victors by General Pieroe Well, there is nething like properly providing for one’s own family. Under the telegrepble heal will be found a synopsis of a beautify! address delivered by General Pierce to the children in one of the th Boston schools, Although tho avoount of the allair is ex ceeding! y brief, it will be seen tbat this poeck was ecalowlated to make sang und beneficial jm- pression upon the miuda of the juveniles who were | 60 fortunate as te bear it, Late necounts from Key West sonounce that ali For the present, he | { Napoleon may, ‘ Riates it ia betioved bys abe has already a sufficiont amount of fighting to do within her own lmits, it is probable that she will prefer making good hor long evaded promiees. Her existence s@ @ ropublic is fast, approaching a erlsis. The Governor and Council of Massachusetts wero yeaterday engoged in coanting the votes for State j Henators. It is wnderetood that there will be twon- . | ty-two vecaneles, only elghtoen candidates having been eleoted, cight of whom are ooalitionists and the remainder whigs Ten per conten the propesed espital of eight millions of doilare has been subscribed and paid in for the purpose of coustructing a railroad between Rochester and Troy. Nething of importance transpired in the Board of Aldermen last evening, beyond what'ts furnished in the cfficiat report of the proveodings, published elsowhcre. In the Beard of Assistants a warm de- | bate took place on the subject of the Ninth Avenue ; Railroad, full particulars of which have been far- nished by our special reporter. The railroad mania appears to be increasing. e Last evening a lecture was given at Clinton Hall, on the ** Progress of Bapire i. Anciont and Modern ‘Dimee,” by Col JobnL. Dorrance, who sketched the leading events in the history of ancient and modern nations, beginning with the Jews and ending with | the United States. Professor O'mstead delivered a highly interesting looturo yesterday evening, at the Brosdway Tabor- raclo, on the ‘ Survey of the Starry Heavens,” for which see our report. A banner presentation to the Forty-soventh caap- terO U. A took place last evening, at the Hope Chapel. An address was delivered on the prin- ciples ef the order, for which soe report elsewhere. Inthe Court of Sessions, yesterday, the case of W. M. Doty, charged with purjury in the Forrest Divorce Case, was appointed to be tried on Thurs- day, the motion to postpone till next Term boing deviod. We are compelled to defer our report of the | argument. We annex a brief synopsis of the contents of our inside pages this morning:—Very Interesting Intel- | ligence from Buenos Ayres, giving an account of the condition of the Plate Provinces, the Oponiog of the River Parana to All Nations, the Intentions of Gen. Urquiza, &c ; also, Opinions of the Havana | Prose on President Fillmore’s Mossag>; Now Com- mercial Arrangements in Cuba; the Lumber Trae of Albany; Several Letters from Diplometists Con- cerning the Expenses of Living Abroad; Commer- cial Reports; Theatrieal Netioes; Advertisements, &o., &e. The Financial, Social, aad Po.itieal Con- | dttzon of the Old and New World. The closer the view wo take of Europe, the less promise of stability do her political institutions hold out, and the more marked the distinction between our condition and hers. There, all is transition, | from Lisbon to St. Petersburg. No government | whose existence it would be prudent to ensure for twenty years—no dynasty whose name has taken root in the minds of its subjects—no people which oes net look forward ardently to a new ani a bet- ter form of government, ean be painted out on the map. All is uncertainty—precipice. The seed ecattered on the wind in 1789—trodden under foot by the iron heel of Napoleon— sti'!] farther crushed by his combined conquerors—began, in spite of all, to germ in 1848, and is now pushing vigorously in search of a nook or cranny through which it san penetrate to the broad day. Outwardly, it would | seem that the popular party in Darope has gaincd nothing by the movements of 1818; wherever we lock, the roaction appears more vigorous and complete than ihe advanee. Bat, in reslity, ‘Vike the victories of Pyrrhus in Italy, the triimphs of monarchs over their eubjecis are esurocly loss pre- judicial to the former than defeats. Each success sive retrograde step is but a iruce, which affords time to the popular party to regain strength and courage, and prepares them for a new strugglo, more dusperate than the Jast. Existing goveroments are acccpted and tolerated as make shifts, holding out 8 feir promise of a brief tranquillity aud » flourish- ing trade; but so soon as nations have recovered from the exhaustion of the last conflict, and fatten- edon the substantial denefits of peace, the bastle will be renewed with more energy than ever. This mauifest insisvility is the marked charac- terletic ef all tho politionl institutions of oonti- nevtal Europe. It is equaliy obvious in the imperial government of Franco aad the constitutional au- thorities of Prussia. Whether the whole nation | wan, or whether the republican party, with more | temper than discretion, refuses to exercize any po- | litieal rights whatever under a constitution which it dceg not approve, the prospects of the government scem the same. The despotiem of Austria and the broad outlines, Political Karope is seated on a mine, which will certainly explode, soozer or later There are some who expect that this explosion, when it does come, will apreet society, from the | hovel to the throne. They tell us that we must | expect a rocial revolution—overturniag religion, woslth, femily, and ali the existing forms of society. We do not believe it. We do xo. see any signs of instability in the social institutions of Europe We do not resognize any eymptoms of a change ta the religious opinions of the nations on the Continent. We perovive no | teustworthy tokens of the spread of Protestantism | in France, or even of the eheck of infidelity. Aus tris amd Italy are as thoroughly Catholic to-day as they were sexiuries ago. Neither the Catholics | ner the Evangelicals of Prussia have gained by the recent movements, or the new constitution. Lonis < political purposes, enlist the Jesuits and the Bishops on his side; but he is far too shrewd a potentate not te throw them overboard as coon as they beve served his ends. [ike his pre- decoseor, Louis XIV , though from different motives, he may set the fashion of religion for a while; but We see net m trace of the smallest chouge in the real feelings of France on the subject. Whatever rovelutions aweit kings and governments, nothing tends te show that religion wili lose er gaiu by the change. Nor de we anticipate any decided alteration in the soois! reletions of the different classes into whieb Enropesn society is divided. Here and there a freat map will be prostrated ia the dust, sada no- ble ‘amily will expiate their sttechmen! to their sovercigu with the loss of theit fortune and « dignitios ; bus the broad lines whielk divide the aristoeret from the prodétaire, eve still aa well deined as under the old regime. For a brief period of trepeltion fom one form of governimoat to anothor, | they may be difficuls to trace; « popular lender may overlenp thero, and consert with the nobles of tho Jand, or ® La Rochefonsauld may 4 seen at olubs, hob nebbirg with the porters of tho Halle; but there sre abnormal phenomena One of the firet effects ofthe 19 establishment of » strong govern: the yersons who were indicted Cor baving yed the property of Spanizh resi ‘during the Caewn | excitement last your, have been acquitted by the Uniled States Cireait Court The +veamebip isabel, which reached lust Beturday, brorght one doy’s later int from iliv There was no news of Impor We slewhore pnblich the de sews from Mexico, the most inte which relates to the Tohunutepes trea seen that the names of Ool. Bloo, Mr Jonas P. Levy, fgore « aflalr—the latter gentleman eppaare to be q diypent at the conduct of tue Mexican Obamier Di pathes, v.00 threatens to protest egainstthe action of that body. Apr Pemdeut remarks, ¢) isa os—our Workington eorres: Mt wtetended to enll up the | ment, will always beto replace seelsty on ite eid basis, wad to rebuild the barriers whish divide the noble from the bourgectt, and the letter fom the cperative Woe are even slow to expect that Eacopean revo lations effect ® more equal distribation of Weel. How many dynastios have the Rovhsshiids vatlived—frlendiy with all, bat losiog money with wil Rouel Estates, tied up by carefully prepared teste mentary injenctions, or preserved in their oalivety by lane of primuc ental’, will be banded | down from tether to ron regardless of the shook of empires sad tho erssh of throne: The onstle on the Bbino may oense to be the paleco of the relga- ing Prizes; from the neleuza as Gonos, edicts may bo longer he promulgate toch will sill peramia the property of the vob!s faraily whose oame they boat, Ali the pools) igwtitutions of Bucope soot es | of our oa porte of ivon wud ie madd wares, Wold torpidly resigns itself into the hauds of a single | sumeby of the German States reveal it in equally | firmly rooted in the soll thet they can stand the abook of ages unmoved—goverameats and constita- tions serm alone destined to pass away. The United Sta-es present the opposite picture. Our political institutions are settled on a solid basis; noone bat a madman seeks to overturn them. Freedom of discussion, and the privilege of taiking and writing sedition ad libitum deprive conspiracies against our government of the charm which illegal acts are known to possess; and besides, poople are so thoroughly convinced of the wisdom of the consti: tution under which we live, thet s rovolutionsry movement would be simply laughed down. Our society, on the other hand, ie as endjoct tofluctus- tions as the governments o! Europe Now rel:gious sects aro epringing up every day, and thinning the ranks of the old churobes; these, again, like old, dry loge, are constantly splitting into fastioos and cliques. Now, the Methodists, now the Prosbyte- rians, pow the Epiecopalians, seem to preponderate; some day, the Census Commissioner may gravely inform us that Mormonism is the ‘fauzy"” creed in the United States. 80 ef social distinstions. The “upper ten” of to day were nobodies yortorday, and may fall still lower to-morrow. A fortunate spe- culation pours gold into the ooffer of a small store keeper, and he besomes forthwith » great man, lives in Fifth avenue, gives splendid balls, and is, for the time, one of the magnates of the land; a few years Lence, you shall find no trace of his name or his fa- mily. Half dozen sone have shared his estate; some are in California, others in the far we or tvo perhaps livirg in obzeurity on the remains of their father’s fortunes. With us, money seldom re- maing more than a genoration ina family. In the excitement of commercial enterprize. fortunes are rapidly made and as rapidly lost Woalth is con. stantly changing hands. Though no ono in America is positively in want, the rich aro soldom rich for more than a quarter of a century. The fact that we have no olass corresponding to the landed pro | prietors of Europe, who live on their rents, and would deem themselves contaminated by the oon'act of a Jedger or @ cish-book with their jewolled fia- gere, is of itself proof that wealth cannot accuau- late beyond a certain point in thiscountry. Trade, the common occupation of us all, 15 a terrible level- ler. It forces cach man to depend on his own per- sonal exertions, and compels him to be the architect of his own fortuxe. Who chall say tha! we are not more fortunate than the people of Earope? A Constitutic The expected demise of the Hon William R King, the Vice President elect, soems to present a question not provided for by the Constitution, and it remains te be secn what is to be done It is pro- bable, however, that in case of the death of ar. King, evfticient power may de found to enable Con- gress to meet the emergency, in the fiith cootion of the second article of the Constitution, a part of which section reads as follows :— Congress may. by law. provide for the case of removal, | death resignation, or inability. bovh of the President ard Vice President deelaring what officer shall then act as President. and such officer shall aot accordingly until the dirability be removed, cr a President hall be eiected, The twelfth amendment of the Constitution pro- vides that— The perron havirg the greatest number of electoral votes a8 Vice Prericent shall be the Vice Crosident, it such number be a majority of the shole number of eles tors appointed, anc. if po perion bave a majority. then from the two highest numbere on the list. the Senate shall choore tho Vice Prerident. 4 quoram for the pur- pore thall consist of two-thirds of tue whole aamber of fenaters, and @ majority of the whole number shall pe necessory to a choice, But no person constitutionally ineligible to the office of President shall be eligible to that of Vice President of the United States. The votes of the Electoral Colleges for Prosident and Vice President will be csuuted in presence of the two houses of Congross, on tho seoond Monday of Februsry next. They are known to stand thus for Vice President, viz :—For William R. King, | (dem ,) 254; for William A. Graham, (whig,) 42 Supposing Mr. King to be deeeased before the counting of tho yotes, the question arives—Can Coa gress declare s dead pergon elested? If not, then Mr Grabam, the whig candidate, is the only person *o be voted for by the Senate, and must, therefore, "be ebesen by that body. Acting, however, under the powers givon them by the fifth rection of the second article of the oonsti- tution, we presume that Corgrees, in the event of Mr. King’s death, will deciare the office of Vice President vacant, and proeced to shooee from their own body a President of tho Senate pro. tem, who will hold his office during the pleasure of the | Senate, and perform the duties of Vice Prosident, without being entitled te assume the title of that office. In the event of the death of the President, then the President pro. tem. of the Senate beoomes tho Pretident of the United Btates. Richard M. Johnson, chosen in 1837, is the only Vice President who bas been elected by the Sen2:e, in coxeequenee of no choice by the Electora! Colleges. Two Vice Presidents, both under Madison, have | died in office, viz:—George Clinton, chosen with President Madison in 1208, died April 20th, 1812, aged 74; Elbridge Gerry, choren with Madison in 1812, died November 23, 1814, aged 66 years Tue New Cusan Taniry.—Somebody eaid that the new Cuban tariff was designed to corvg the ia { terests of the United States, and by conferring a bene® on our merchants, to allay the angry feel- ings with which Spain has begun to be regarded Thankful as we ought to be for small favors from ber Most Catholic Mejesty, especially after the gracious treatment of our fellow citizen, ‘the in dividual named William Smith,” from Captain- General Cafiedo, we cannot, without a violent stretch of imagination, fird any great incontive to graticude in the document now lying before us. Tae Gutics on some few of the main domestic exports from this eountry have beem lowered ; but, ago general rule, the new tariff is, if anythiog, a ro-as- tertion ef the old principle of protection. Most of the changes are augmentations—happily the arri- clea they aficct do a0; comstitute a very important item in cur export trade. The merehants who are in the habit cf sending some fifteen hundred doliars worth of wearing apparel, &o., in the course of the year, to Havana, will not be ruin- ed by learning that the duty on trowsers will be raised from $56 to §60 per dozen; en vests, from $2 25 t2 §% upicco; on suspenders, from $3 to $4 Per dozen, and on wigs and scratches, from $5 to #6 each. They may pity the Oubans, who will thus be debarred frum indulgiog in Now York finery, sud congratulate the Havana tailors sad barbers on their luck; but the reform will not interfere ma- terielly with their own business. Nor will the | framemekers of New York have any reason to grow wild with joy at the announcement shat a redaction oj forty, thirty five, aud feurteea par cont ie about to be made in forviga frames, or the manufasturers of crucibles, or wooden horses, at teceiving the news thst a muuificent reduction of forty per ect will be unde in the impost om tholx peculiar wares Clothes Urushes are visited with au addixionel dury of thiity-ibree per cent; eoffve pote, with tweu y five per eont additimel; opera glasses, with forty | Per cont; scabbards, with thirty-three por czat; shoelasta, with nine per cont. Bn rotura, the daty | enaugar bowls is reduced to eleven per cont; baat on trimined horse oollars, twenty-five per cen on curled hair, ene hundred per oar; chat on po matum, thirty per cent. Iiie to these, and similar articles of commerce, that the Spanich wminiator avome io heve confined bis financial genias Thare mal! reduction of fourioem por oont on the evormous dary now levied on picklod pork - a very Hiflng mutter indeed, in itself, bat auill, as our export of pork, hams end Jari, is uearly one. sixth of owr whole domestic export to Cat precinvle kevefit. By way of compar tbe duty on butter, (of which we seod abou » 000 worth annually to Havana, is raleod from $14 por 100 pounds, to $16 ; end that on otf, (our annual ex port of which to the ielend exceeds $100,000, ) is in- creaced pixveon per cent But fow artioles in tho irom trae wre altered ; anvils aro ralued sixteen por cent, sheot iron reven per sant, and tho roe an ap ber | y I | ly with the publio | bates ia Congross, by tho «: drawers, Ke , excopt sbirting, are subjected an increased daty, which wil! not, hewevor, felt much in this country. Wrapping pa- per is reduced fifty per cont; but the re duction does not catend to the other descriptions of paper and stationery, which constitute the bulit of the thirty to thirty-two thousand dollars worth annually exported from the United S:ates to Caba The enuff makers of Havanw are protected by an additional fifty per cent; and, whether from a similar ora still less creditable motive, copying presses are taxed sixty-six per cent additional No alteration bas beem made inthe daty on timber, boards, or ataves, of whieh the island takes $410,000 worth from us per aagmm; or in the manufse-ures of wood, which constitate one fourth of our whole exports to the island, @ we except the pictare frames, and wooden horses aforesaid, aud a fow similar articles. Indian corn, rice, tallow candles, seap, and the other chief domestic exports, not mentioned above, remain as they were. » On the whole, we do not think that the new teri? will make much difference to our trade with Cuba. What difference it does make, will bors:her agaiast us than in our favor The two dollars whioh are taken off barrelled pork will not quite compensate us for the various augmentations on the potty articles enumerated in the pew turiff But, av we said, it is arma] matter either way, and will hardly be felt when it comes into effeet on let February next. The Cubans are about a3 miserable as a nation can be. They have tosupport a government com- poeed of foreigners, who wring the last cent out of them for their pleasures aud luxuries, as the early English governors did to the natives of Iadia, and the French intendanta to the North American colonists. They are groaning under the cruel in- fitetion of an exhorbitant tariff, and sonstantly threatened with new exactions to supply the recent deficiency in the revenue which the island used to send to Spain. They are cursed with a Spsnish family compact. whose tyrauny would make a hell of paradise. They are disgraced in the eyes of tho world by the slave trade, which tho officials are di- rectly interested in fostering Ia whatever diree- tion their energy seeks to develop itself, they are wet by the veto of the governor and tue bayonets of his sbirri. Aspirations afwor freedom lead to the halter or the platoon--attempts to expand trado aro promptly checked by the necessities of the Span- ish exohequer and the decree of the Minister of Finance. To such & race it must soom a trivial matter that the taxes on the necessities cf life are ineroased, while the royal ordinance of her Most Cutholis Ma- jesty permits ‘* monkeys and o:her small animals’ to be introduced into the island on ths payment of $4a bead, inatead.of 10, as formerly. Whea Spain bas done her worst to crush thom—when their pa- triota are murdered or oxiled—when their eitizens are silenced and their press gagged—when the ofiicials themselves do not affect any concern for individual iiberty—it must, indeed, seem an exceed- ingly small aggravation of their miserics to pay s trifle higher for the commodities which aro essen- tial to thoir existence. Tae Gentus or tae Usirap Scars —Well did Mr. Fillmore observe, in his m:seage to Copgress, that the inventive geniusof the American people was excited to its highes: piton, and that nothing distinguished this country and this people in a more marked manner than the numeroas applications which are constantly being made for patents for valuable improvements. The genius of our people is eminontly practical and con- structive. We build, and contrive, and combice, while other nations theorize and epeculate. In Fiance aud England, eloquent esseys and treatises on the steam engine are written every day by men of Jearning—brilliant performances, redoient of clas tic lore, and polished ad wnguem. We, meanwhile, with less ceromony and noise, invent a cog wheel which economises motive power, or accelerates lo- ecmotion. Their poets indite splendid odes to the “links of lightning,” which chein together distant ci- ties and States ; our mechanics elaborate an improve- ment on the Morso or House instrament, and help the links aforesaid to movo a little faster or more smoothly. Philosophers with a world-wide fame publish at Paris or London magnificent dissertations on agriculture, and show how the vilest materials known bave thoir proper use and destiny in the eoon- omy of the world ; some obscure farmerin New Hag- Jand devises @ plough which beate ali former inven- tions hollow. Great Britain continues to boast of her “‘wooden walls,” and vast appropriations are annually made to improve the dockyards and marine nurseries at Brest and Oherbourg—here, the while, some inglorious ship builder on the East River builds a yacht which outetripa the fleotest craft on the Cheunel, and Eaglich merchants Gad it their in- terest to import their tea and spices in Amorican clippers. Encrmous sums of money are expended in Engiand in the creotion of pslaces at railroad termi- ni-—we content ourselves with protecting the cars and pastengers from the rain and snow, and devote theremainder of our fands to new lines. In short, without renouncing our claims te rival foreign na- tions in abstract scieneo, the fine arts, and all that pertains to the ormamental, we have direoted oar energies, in the first place, to surpassing the rest of the world in practical pursuits, and we may safely consider that we havo succeeded. Let us compare, for instance--our space will not afford us to allude to more than one of the many triumphs of practical scienco—the telegraph in America with tho telegraph in England. The whole extent of the wires in England is not equal to two or three of ourgroat lines. They can hardly real:ze the fact that » continuous line two thousand miles long, is worked as easily here as a short line of fifty miles there. Thousands upon thousands of miles of wire are boing erveted ia this couatry, while our neighbors are debating en the propricty of urderisking @ new braach line between two neighboring cities. They are comtoat to use the impérfect indisating machine ef Wheststone, which hoops no register of the messages sont, and obliges the operator te keep his cye constantly fixed on the | dial, to note letter after letter; while our Morse or House instruments oan receive and rogistera mossage wi any assistance from the eperator, and even absence. Thoy lack the enterprise neces tary to oucourage the jul adaptation of Heuse’s printing iostrument’ recently patented by Brett. It is employed bat in few places, avd ow short linea. The fanit does mos lie with the telegraph proprietors and engineers; it lies clear- People in England are ehary of theirpence. They prefer the penny postto any more expensive meany of commuoioation, even thengh it be more sptedy. For one message transmitted over the lines in Wogland, fifty are rent here. Morcasnte in this gountry act practically on tho | principle that time is money; in Eegland, they seem te think that a shilling is worth moro then a deley of twenty four hours. A newspaper on- | sidered entorpriting ia London when it has» sum- mary of twenty limes ef the Asasrionn nowa, on the arrivel of the steamer; hore, the Naw Yorr Heaaip had verbatim epeechos of Kossuth, two and three coluxans Jeng, sent over the lines, and prosents ite readers every day with o full sumcaary of the de- channel As with the telograph, so it is with every other practical application ef reience. namics, mechanics, hydraulics, chemistry, or any of the other branches of acienee, may by mady to coa- tribute to the advancoment of civilisation end the comfort of mankind, is oagerly ed on by Ame | Heaps, and mon of intellect, in every seotion of the country, set their minds earnestly to work to turn it to account. In the year 1886, the report of the Secretary of the Tnterlor inform? us there were 1,069 models in the Patent Olive; in January, 1851, hese had inerensed 0 17,267; and, * ‘the proseng, ' Whatever In dy- | | furnished to us for publication :— day, it ia estimated that they reach the enermous number ef 28,000. Where one **exsmising clerk” was able to do the business of the office, aix clerks, and as many sssistants are pow kept constantly a; work. The inventive gevius of the country is cer tainly keeping pace with its material advancement ‘The report costains one valuable suggestion. It proposes thatthe Commissioner of Patests be di- reoted to prepare 2 careful soalytical and deserip- tive indox of all the dissoveries and inventions | whicd have beea patented, and that the same be pub- lished, with engravings. by the government. An an- Dual supplement regularly published, would carry the work on from year to year Che suggostion is worthy ofthe country. There is no greater disgrace to the | * department in England than the great difficulty of arcertaining the nature and extent of former pa- tents; each euscossive inventor bas loudly ox pressed his diegust at the confusion, venality and absurdity of the London Patent Office. We ordor ma:tere bet- ter here; an iaventor ezn very 400n ascertain, at a very small expense, how far his predecessors have gone. But the index, with elaborate paintings of the vasious patents, sill farthar improvement. It would save mapvy an bour of thonght to the on- terprising inventor, and would guard bin agsiast the orve! disappointment of discovering, afterho had } spent hours of toil in elaborating his invention, that be had been anticipated by another. It woald, moreover, constitute an impartial chronicle of tho progress of the inventive gepius in the Btates—» work, wo imagine, which would presont us to the eyes of the people of ths Old Worldina tight whieh they are far from expecting. We trust the sugges- tion will be adopted. . Tue Pick, edited by the — Joe Scoville, has become one of the organs of the present administra * tion. It now contains the Post Office advertisoments, as a reward, wo suppose, for ite wit, if not for its polities. The great increase in the supply of three cent pieces, occasioned by the Maine liquor law down east, has induced its editor to raise the priee of the Pick to that figure. It is cheap at threo | conte, Miss Bacon’s Htetorical Lossous, ‘These Lessons in History imcreaze ia interest as they progress, and are now weil attended. The seventh lec- ture is om Egypt. at the Stuy vecant Inetitate, this morn ing, at 11 o’eloek. j After the Jeeson on Saturday evening, reveral of the ladies and gentlemen who were in attendance addressed a compiimentery letter to Miss Bacon, asa testimonial ef thelr spprobation and esteem copy of which has been New Yorx, Deo, 20, 1852, To Miss Bacon~ A number of lidies and gentlemen who attended your lesson on Baturday evening 15th imss. at the Stuyvesant Institate, desire to offer you ecme testimonial expressive Of the delight and instroction which your bighiy intel- lectual entertaon ment affordsd them, ‘The vivid pictures whiso you drew of the orizinal ap. pearance of the hamar femily. und the historie chart which you unfolded. extending from a period of darknsss preceding the dawn of hbietory. through the shadowy glimmerings of facls snd tradition im successive ages, to the broad day Ngbt of the present era. bave left impras- sions on the memory of your audience which eannot emily be effuced. Ube startling originality of many of jour ideas, the oriental drapery which you ‘hrew around your figures, and tho deep reverence you eviaced for the acted Soriptures, as the eariiest authentic record of truth, avd fimally, the retiring grace of your deportment ar you stood before us, the perronitication of the genius of history, touched the chords ¢f sympathy and udnira tion, Dappy indeed, are those smong tue daughters of Americe, wbo aze privileged to receive instruction from one of the most gifted ef their own countrywomen, nit for their benefit, scatters with a profuse and tastef hand the accumulated knowkdge of her researches in the lore of nations, Maiine Affairs. Cousins Stxameme Anctic.—The following is an ex- tract from a letter of Com’r W. F. Lyoch U. 8. N., the well kmowm cxplorerof the Dead Sea. &o —a passenger per steamer Arotic, from New York to Liverpool, Novem- ber 18, 1852, dated in Lonnon, Nov. 29, 1852. Our pasrage was retarded by prevalent besa winds and 8 heavy bead sea; but, while airappcinted by the delsy of afew hours. Yeoald not withaold my admiration of the weatberly qualities of the ship. Whether the wind and rea were adea@ abesm On thr qnarter or astern, he meuber lurched nor plunged ont cleared thi the ‘waves and sped sloog swaying from mde to s1g8. wtu a grec fol, easy motion Lexamiosd her clorsiy, aa far ae I am capable of judging coustacr that im and beauty of construction in stability, combiaed with Duoysncy in érymers and im tpred, she wurpesses any other vessel patiopal or mercantile, I bave ever kaowa ; and Ihave three times o tho Atlantic by steara and twice commended steamcrs The accommo Gations of the Arctic are admirable ; the police atrange- ments and attendance uoexceptionsble, and I regard Capt. Lice as # wodel of a commander Oaronic Bre Exicsson —The engines of the caloric ship Ericeson were worked during ten hours yesterday, making nearly siz and one half revolutions per minute, ‘This work was performed upon 420 pounds of ooal, care- fully measured, and supplied to the furnaces each hour. During the whole time the macuia-ry wes ia operation, the furnaces being worked up*n a checked draft the fires continually augmented. Suche result exhibits ina re- markable degree the economy of this wonderful ma- ebinery. When the engines shail have been worked suf- ficleatly to put them in perfect working order, the trial trip, we understand, will be made. ‘Tue Steamanir Souruensea, of Bpofford & Tileston’s Charleston line, will not sail on Wednesday. having been withdrawn for one trip, to undergo re-copp+ring. For Catrvonnia.—The steamer Ilinois, Captain Mart- stein, for Aspinwall, and the Northern Light. Captaim Miner, for San Juan, left port yosterday afternoon. Thoy both tcok away large nivinber of passengers, The 1 snobored at quarantioe ou sevoun: of wantof water on the bar, whence she will depart at four o'clock this morn ing Lavreugn —At North lrorpect, recently, by Lewis Mudge. Keq.. @ brig of 250 tons. to be commanded by Captain W. P. Porier. Vesrel’s name not given. At Lincolnvilie, om the 10th ipst,, by Messrs Decrow & Koijgbt, @ superior clipper brig of 245 tons, calied the Wappoo, Ameng the passengers by the Iuinots bound for Cell. forvia was Mr Charles Leland, one of the proprietors of the Metropolitan Hotel Atrivals et the Metropolitan—W. W. Corcoran, Wash- ington; Hon A_O P Nicholson, Teon ; fon. B. B. Hheks. Texas; Gem. Duff Green. Washi i. Bndge St Louis; H Stanley. Troy; Ro! ©. Robin: on, Rhode Island; A . Bi - V. Brown, Toronto. 0 W ; Francls Remahaw as; . 8. Chambers, Pittsburg: J Ht Alexav- dria; F. W Lewis, Philadelphia; W. W, Beretta, a Roma eae PRA wn t the Howard-- e 4 J. ipso, Batimore; W. Parker, Onieono; C. Bistoo, Boston; J. Kidred, Rhode Island: N Williams, Ohio;'J. Stevens, Ky.; Mej Gilman Lexington. y At the Astor— Professor Jackson, Hartford; W. Boggs, Washington: Capt. Ailen Detroit; J. Paisall, Baltimore; TQ, Brreng Princeton; Capt West, Boston; Fitchonty Warren, Towa; Oapt Rin, U.S. Ni C. Gordon, Washington; Geo, P ; i, OC, Blake, U.B. Navy; Thariow W: At the American—0. 0. liams, New Haven; Horton; J. Svowdon. J.B Fry. New York; H. Jones, Phiiadtiy hia. Letter fiom Mr, Brady, New Yorke, Deo 20, 1952. THE RVITOR OF THE MEW YORK HERALD. Sir—My name has been t vice montionsa in your peper in the list of candidates for the office of Dis- trict Attorney of the United States, for this distcist. T wish wy friends to know that I do not desire, nor would I receive. any appointment under the ad- ministration of Mr Pierce. In common with the disinterested massos who aidod in elestiog him I sbail be euficrently rewarded for any service I ma 6 rendeved the democracy in the Jast canvass, if, os is most eenfidently expected, Wr. Pioroe’s ad- ministration be characterized by the selection of such men. the promotion of suck woasures, as may most effectively maintain the Union of our States, and the honor and wel’are of our couatry. Reapectfully, your obedient servant, Janes T. Brapy, © D. Bulokley, do; J. vba J. 8, Seicu, Bedford; Alscama; Geo. F. Pol ne Disorderly Heure Tho polices of the Friday night arrested Cecelia Edgar and Ernold strans, on @ charge of keeping # disorderly Lowes, at No. 84 Bust Broacway It areme that for rome time past, the nsizh- dors bave beom much ennoged by thir how; andon Fri day night rome rowdics bioke into the premises, and Asstroyed the furniture. The Captain of Polioe, beltey- ing the opportunity to be @ good one to beak up the bone, therefore, took Jeto cnstody the above mi Pereone, who are known to be the keepers of the The acenied parties were taken before thm to bail to answer rhe o} 10 Pass Counierfeit Money ~-On Saturday night, d Patrick Mahoney way arrested by the deavoring to pass & Counterfeit whatten Company of thie otty. Nat rete ip 4, b ho refased. allogiog thes ft wae # coupterfelt, and gave him orer into the bands of the poltee who convey before Jasties Welsh, who eom- mitted him for examipation ' eo Court—Cene Term, Before pont Joages Pawerds, Mir 1 and Roovevelt, Dio 20,—The Court sdjonrned til! 1o-morrow ta conse. uenes of tbe illness of ex-Oblef Jastior Broaron and che ‘oath American Million Tragy Fund Case as postponed til) Thorrday. Now ‘The colendst of pon envmerated motioas will be taken wp to-morrow (Zussday) mormug, live dollar bill of ty It appears that he entered the store of and Hered the bill The Rav. Or, Alexander's Church—Sule of Poewsn, ‘The most favorable avd spirited sale of church proper- ty which bes'teken plson in thts elty for mony was bed yesterday eventeg at the new " 2 Church, intely ullt im Fifth avenue, at the comer of Nineteenth street. From threo o oloek im the the ehuroh vas visited xy s number of ladies and gen- tlemen. end cach few enxtonsiy orutinized, ae to local. . ty avd com/ort by & bost of +xpectant bidders. The Rev. Dr. Aieaander was preent and received the con gratulations of his oosgreyation upom the elegance of finch with wBieb the seerrd edifice Se perfected. ‘The pews were set up ate fixed price, which we annax, with the per cengpge premium given, and the purchasers, which sre af follows: — Purchaeer Prem, a" j gegeegasesesi ce vid Olyphant R. M Ts Fy aren Pareratay Sigesgeeseceresssueuseescseaeeegezee 760 : o Esss 8 oo 885 2B SERS! SERRS BoEBERSSERSS 8 SURSESSEN EES BERL AeesesEas BREESE R Se BRoSE rd amounted to $102,975. The entire sles adding the premium, amounted to- $86.850, The following table exhibits the range of prices obtained for the mort @ov:ted scats :-~ UPON THE GROCDD FLOOR. Purchuers No Pew. Cesh nate, 9 $650 Moris 4, Ho;pock Jno Whit... ‘Mrs, Fmodoiog. Jas, Frag- THE GALLERY ‘The highest prices obtained for reste were as follow No.Pew. Purchasers, Price 1. Wm. Hurry. paid $76 So ‘There were ninety nine pows , and it was the gene- ral opinion the’ the remainder would be dispesed of bo» fore Saturdey next, The congregstion of the church, with the scalous collectors and contributors, enjoyed the dest reward for their tabors, iu witnessing the avidity with which sents were sought for. Farewell Missionary Meeting. A farewell mocting for nie mistionsries, whe ate sbeut. - to sail for the west coust amd the interier of Africs, wan held, yesterday evening at the Rov. Henry Ward Seech-- et’s church, the Plymouth .editice, in Broekiyn, The audience was rather numerous, inclusiv 8 fow colored people, aad om the platform there were many clergymen, and other gontlomen laterested in the Christianizing en- tirprice. The Rev. Gxo. Waurrie took the chair, and opened. the proceedings by ceeding the reventy-seeond Psalmy and thea stated that the ohjvct of the present mooting- wag to bid a farewell tu tho nine misslomaries who were about to depart for Africa avd in partionlar te the Rev.’ Mr. Thom pron, who had come to this coustry for the ex— press purpose of takiog owt these reinforcements to tho missionasies already im African The Rey, gontlemam gave out prayer, cailed own the blessings of God om missions in general, amdontke present enterprise im partienlar. After the prayer, he gave out the 593@ Hymn. He afterwards remarked, that many of the aw dionce would recollect the trial, some time ago, in our law courte, regarding forty negroes who had been brought im a Spanish veesci, amd that some thirty-eight ot them were ultimately cont back with some malssionsries to what was colled the Mendi mission, near Slorra Leone, which was esisbilehed by the pcosent Foreign Mis- Soci In the inidet of all the trials has had te go threngh, and under el disadvantageous ci:cumstances, success had. crowned its efforts Not onty were cud sande, but: the slave trede had beom insierially with ; ao this is saying ® great deal for the errr ne de) country +0 with slavery as Afries, Rev, Mr. Raymond. the leader of ade a comme | enforced his anti~ slavery doctrincs by thorimple power of the Gospel. About ‘two years ago, the mission was reinforced by a compaay of eight, two ot whom fell beneath the ds olimate,, and two were obliged to return bere. Mr. Thompson as-- sures us that the ebiefs. far iniand. are anziows for the establishment of new stations Tho present mi«sionarieg ‘will go prepared for the extension of (he mission. A let— ter from one of the misslowecies informe us that grost. eredit is due tothe exertions of Mr. @: who was for- merly a slave at the South and now sin the Chalationiring efforts of the missionuries, efforts. are to be strengthened by nine otaer missiouarias, Ile then introduerd Mr, Tromrron, who had been, for many years. a mise slonary in Africa, That gentlema: expressed hiraself aw entertaining @ heise reuce for his adopted home. in Africa, ou account o' being so much gicry to be derived from tli and with Chrictien procepts.. His conviction, Afiion presented mow au inter~ exting rpectec' to much hid beea done, and ao wide afield hed prevented ttseif for further missionary labors. that the more pleasing wae it te bim te be allowed to parispare in the glorious work. The dreadful necounte of {he otivate were rather exaggerated, ond it had fnderd, boon denoniuated * the whi% man’s. grave” but It required omly care to live as boaithy there. sr imihiscountry In faot. there fe net so match varia. tion of tompere'tre thore aa here, and im tho rainy seacom preperations are ina@e se that the damp shail not mate- rinily affect heslth Im wavy respacts Africa is a beautl~ fol country, ana Mr Kaymona hed deelared (hat preferred “it to Amerion. people are ¢oriwinl ignorant. bot thelr minds wor ble of tapro youn and good reeults vould usaond: aoorne from nu ex- tonslon of religion and educa’ gad frow what hee Deem conveyed to the missionaries by oes from the Interior, it wee evident thet tho same hopes oan be enterteined of the tribes thot live fat im the tuteriory, Many of the prople cum reed Bags already, therefore, we mean to distribute Bibles among them, hope to econ seo the good resni's Instinetively, the: people have some motion of the tong and 98 LOI® pact of the mirsionsty levors aro lightene rab athe there Is much io be done ia order to Dilog thom imto the: tone faith, Mawy of them have oxpreased the greatest. icy st the kpowiedge which we have imparted to a ted by the ieseons, A’ the villages where, ~ paries have stopped on tholr jontnoys, the people bave willingly suspended thelr mamas and Ginnss, and gathered rovud the preacher nad raverenthy items tobis werds, Therefore, how mach bope is there, Bvon ie suspending Wars between different tiider the aioadonarian havo exerted themeclves moat sucemefully, cho Rey. erend geutleman entered toto a fow detalis, intoreporeed, with many per J apredotes aod « maludad by exhort ing the ocoy rion to coat!nas pheir por of ra) sonery Jabors, and yuoted & Leng, poem Oa the suljact of Adrica, ‘ My. Arvicen, ame of cho me 1 WAKE te ier Pee be could only eive af bd dela He couadorvd thus the ¥ epponatod mien at promien a thats wich regard ro he abwiom satoslonary work was ung