The New York Herald Newspaper, November 4, 1852, Page 5

‘Fhe Fine Arts. THE BRYAN GALLERY OF PAINTINGS. Bome people, who, if we may be forgiven the rude- Doss of the ought to knew better, are fond of talking about the Amerisan school of art, and deplering what thoy are pleated to term the corrupting influence of foreign models. They would have American painters eschew all that has gone before them, and found » new school, as distinot from the Italian as from the French, as far removed from the Flemish as from the Spanish masters. They would pem them up in the narrow field of American history, and bid them iuvent some new dovice in coloring, some unheard of truths of light, to distinguish their works from all others In the eyes of these critics, Rome, Madrid, Dresden, Ant- werp, Paris, ought to be studiously avoided by as- pirants to fame; they ought to look to their own fancy alone, for embellishment, and trust to their intuitive knowledge of art for excellence of tone and | style. With all due deference to the exuberant pa- triotism of theee “masters,” we must be permitted to observe, that when art eenses to be universal, it ceases to be art. If you confine the soujle devin to a country ora city, it may be clever, iugouious, promising, but it can never rise to the dignity of aut. If our American paiaters aro to attaim an equal degroe of eminence with the masters whose works have been the admiration of men of taste ever since the revival of art, they must carefully study those who have gone before them. ‘They must ponetrate the secret of Raphael’s expression, of Reubens’s fresh- | ness, of Titian’s depth and warmth ef color; and, | combining so much of the excellence of all three ag they can borrow, must constantly recolleot that until they have achieved a near approach to these | Great men, originality is dangerous and unsafe. They must learn to copy successfully, before they can trust themselves to invent. What they have wanted hitherto is an opportunity of studying the works of the old masters, without a voyage | whieh is beyond the means of most young artists. Mr. Bryan is one of the first who has attempted % supply the deficiency. His collection is a living history df modern painting, and contains works by almost all the great masters. Ten years of anactive life, many voyages, and we need hardly add, very Considerable sums of money, have been expended in | acquiring the two hundred and twenty or thirty paintings which fill the three rooms occupied by the gallery. Mr. Bryan’s chief ebject appears to have heen to procure at least one work of each eminent painter, commencing with the oldest Italians, whose remains testify alike to the natural talent of their authors, and to the infancy of art in their time, and terminating with the Vernets and one or two other living artiste. This must account for the presence of several of those old fashioned paintings on wood, that one soes in cloisters and mediwval chapels in Italy—a “Holy Family,” with a couple of angels and a braze of bishops, by the Byzantine Cimabue, the Cadmus of painting, in all his native stiffness, and with but | little of his power ; a ‘“Tournament,” with knights | | in fancy costume, by his pupil Giotto; several | works by his disciples; two by Simon Mennue, the friend of Petraoch, and the feunder of art at Avignon; two by Taddeo Gaddi, whose repu- tation now chiefly rests on Vaseri’s praise of his freseoes—threo by Stephano, or Giottino, whose deviations from the conventional rules of the period | earned for him the epithet of the “Ape of | Nature”’—one distych, and half of another, py the wit Buffalmaeo—a sketch by that Andrea del Cas- tagno, who assassinated his friond Domenico, in order to be the sole possessor of the seeret of paiat- ing in oil; and several other worka of tue thirteenth, fourteenth, and fifteenth centuries, which neither challenge notice on their own account, nor on that of their authors. In truth, accustomed as we are to venerate whatever bears the stamp of antiquity, We must, for once, give license to our tonguo, and boldly pronounce the whole work of the Italian pares antecedent to Perugino, unworthy of the umblest place in the temple of art. With the single exception of Giotto, in a few of his latest produetions, all the Italian paintings of s prior date to 1500 are wretched in drawing, ill-conceived, and worse painted. The mechanical department of painting was rude and utterly inadequate. Artists were untrammelled by conventional! rules equally foreign to nature and good taste. When an attempt was made by a rising genius like Stephano, to copy from the former, his independence made him the butt for neers, and destroyed his business pros- pects. At a time,in fact, when a painter’s bill contained separate items, for wood, colers, oil, and | gilding, and when these vastly exceeded the sum allowed him for his handicraft, we cannot wonder that picture making was a mero trade, below tho level of sign painting to-day. The peculiar object which Mr. Bryan had in view is, perhape, a suf: ficient excuse for the presence of the unsightly re- mains of these ancient painters; but if his collection | ly in the coumtry, we should be better pleased if theso and the works of the co1 temporancous Flemith artists were consigned to #eparate chamber, instead of being thrust upon the view of the admirers of the genume masters. To Lv onto something more worthy of atten- tion—Mr. Bryan has a large work. by the first of the long series of Italian painters, Perugino. It is one of thoee curious assemblages of the infant Jesus, bis mother, saints and angels, which, by a special license enjoyed by the painters of olden time, re gardless of anachronism, were deemed an appro- id theme for the pencil and the brush Though from ranking with Perugino’s greater works, | Such ag those d by the gallories at Florence, Bologna and Rome, there is enough in the expres- | sion of the countenance of the Babe, to reveal the ee of its author. His he fantastic picture entitled ‘The Birth and Re- surrection of Christ,” is either spurious, or one of Raphael's early and least valued pieces. We incline | to the latter belief, and regret that our common- sense habits of appreciation will not permit us to | inet applaud a great name when the work itself does not | justify eulogy. The copy of Raphael’s “ Madonna and bino,” (No. 26), was band made by | one of his pupils, and is a work of far greater merit. American paintera would learn much by studying the outline of tho features, and the expression thrown into the eyes of the Virgin. Nor can we al- low Sassoferrato’s copy of the '* Dance of Cupids,” | @ pretty little picture, with vory little that is Ra- | pate about it, to pass without commendstion. | ie Bryan gallery contains nothing of Giulio Roma- | no, or Perino; but we ought, perhaps, to class | with the school of Raphael, a painting representing | “Procession with Banners,” by the Milanese Gau- | denzio Ferrari, who, as is known, owed his eminenco to the example of his early master, Raphael. We must admit that the attitudes and drapery of the a leave much to be desired ; there is a stiffaess about all Gaudenzio’s works, whieh betrays the fatal influence of the Perugino school, but the countenances of the knights are well executed, and do justine to the artist's fame. ¢ Venetians are represented, first, by = couple of excellent pieces by Giorgione; one, a ‘ Holy | Family,” reminding ‘us not « little of Raphael’s conve model of angelic beauty; the other, a ‘very remarkable portrait of a ‘ Peasant,” which | explains how nearly Giorgione approached to Titian. | A singular painting, called a ** Concert,” in the | catalogue, and representing a female reclining, ea dishabulle, beside come men better protected agains the weather, i ippozed to be a copy of Giorgioue ; but wo.see little to justify the supposition If the | “* Holy Family,” numbered thirty-three, had been | erate bef Poussin ee ot sheet we should | have felt less surprise, for it approximates more | closely to the style of the fener than tho latter. | ‘There is in it none of Titian’s warmth of color, or his eng, of design, but a close analogy to Pous- | sin’s bright hues, with a large poyeeag: of that blue for which he was famous. It has, besides, a freshness about it which casts grave doubts on its | authenticity. The gallery, wo regret to aay, con- | tains nothing of Paul Veronese. Leonard da Vinci is represented by a couple of “St. Johns,” one of whieh ia in his softest, most delicate manner, and bears traces of that pathos which has raised him to a levol with Raphael. His example, if not his hand, may also be perceived in the “ Virgin and Child,” by his pupil, Luini. Judging from the outline, it might readily bo as- | cribed to the master instead of the disciple Another pater who, in our estimation, cannot be two ighly extolled for tho rg and beauty of hia faces, and the exquimte tin regio, has furnished very good skeich, and an excellent painting, to Mr. Bryan's gallery. The . first purports to be tho original sketeh of that admirable ‘Saint Jerome” for waich Corregio was paid forty-seven seguins, (aboat $105) ani which the Duke of Parma tiicd in vain to ransom from the French, at the enormous price of $200,009. Itis indeed anexquisite work o' ari. The oxprossion is tender}y soft, as Corregio alons could pains it, and is cniy equalled by the womanly faro ot the Virgin inthe other painting to which wo bavo al- luded. Andrea del Sarto is less fortuns‘o. certainly unworthy of hisfumo. It is cold ia volor, and the expression of the countenance of the infany and the angels is positively silly, An ‘*Adoration of bissshool is also deficient iu intensity of tone, but possosres higher merits as a composition disciple, Robustfano del Piombo. hae contribute: pnitlg ve 'Cluior Uawwa vy kame to tho dors,” | to these gold mining enterprises. yupil is less fortunate: | R | alive to the Smportancs of encouraging raflway enter- ‘ish of his details, Uor- | We | have only a ‘Virgin and Child” of his, ond it is | Lit | i i master, and unites most of his great qualities cemponsate us for the absence of Gullie and Guer- schine, Bryan offers us an anonymous ** Magda- leno ina Trance,” which isa fair imitation of the bright coloring of the former, with me inoonsider- able share of the power of the latter It is un- doubtedly a work of high merit. Tho celebrated Artemisia Gentileschi, whose ‘* Judith” has been the admiration of every connoiesour, figures in the Bryan gallery, as the authoress of @ ‘Christ Reasoning with the Doctors.” Though her Christ poaserses beens of Leute ges of irae ie grouping is very artistic, an: e pi ing might ha Bed to Bo i a Me asoril miniquina without injury to “Our nearest approach to Michael! Angelo iss por- trait by his imitator, Agnole Bronzino, which is marked by his master’s hardness of outline, without pression. Salvator Rosa, as the ool, has a dscape, with verhapging cliffs and rugged outline: the figares are unworthy of the scene and the author. Wo cannet understand hew Rubens’ countryman, the celebrated Subtermans, came to be classed among the Italians. Wis residenve at Florence did not surely naturalize him? Howevor this be, his portrait of Galileo Galilei is well worthy of him— probably the best in the gallery. [+ unites, ia tao most perfect manner, the nobleners which Subter mans always found means to impriat on his por- traits, with tho most scrupulous Gish and aocuracy of detail. Velaequex and Sebastian Llanos y Valdes would convey but an inadequate idea of the Spanish achools, were they alone in the gallery. The land- scape which is attributed te the former is, in all prebability, an original, but by no means a master- piece. Fortunately, Murillo, by fur the greatest among the Spaniards, saves the credit of the coun- try. His “Adoration by the Magii” is as fresh and as life-like as any of his paintings in the Leuvre er the Escurial; and the deep, intense feeling with which the ‘ Vision of St. Francia” is portrayed, has been attained by few besides himself. How Mr. Bryan can reconcile his conscience to classing the “ Aderation of the Shepherds,” from Mar hal Soult’s Gallery, as a Murillo, we are utterly ata lossto imagine. If it be an original, it shows how great painters are often unli ke themselves. Speculations in Europe.—The Revival of ne Joint Stock a tarpiises: {From the London News. Oct. 19] We have on several cocasions drawn attention te toms ot the money market, indicati joint-stock enterprise, and within the further Ci) nena of this spirit hastaken place to an extent which deserves especial noties, as it aiready forms the subject of conversation in commercial ai circles. As far as can be ascertained it a; estimate to fix the total amount of capital required by the new projects that have made their appearance since the autumn of last year at about £30.000.000 sterling ($150.0€0,000), excluding, however, from this list such schemes as may be | meg mcg to have proved abertive, from their never having beem heard of in the market be yond the mero iseue of prospectuses and a little agitation im the way of advertizing. It appears to be conceded om ell hands that joint stock speculation, considering the great inducements held out, has i 2 to this time been ex- traordinarily quiescent, and that the capital required for these new enterpiises is as yot a mere trifle. eompared with the capabilities of our money market. Yet, at the same time, cautious men of business are ing to observe that these new projects are coming out very fast, and to counsel moderation It is obvious, however, that to at- tempt to form an estimate ot the amount of capital re- | moved from the market merely by throwing together the ums required by new companies, and then striking a total. would lead to very inaccurate conclusions; as on the introduction of a new scheme, to require a ceriain amount of capital is one thing, but to obtain it is an- other. Indeed, it would be somewhet difficalt to point out a dozen of these new associations that huve really ob- tained the entire sum required. or that have even secured from bona fide applicants the entire of the first instal- ment, where the calls are spread over a period of time. A fow of the French railway companies that have secured & government guarantee, two or three of the gold mining companies that first made their appearance, and sundry of the banks and railways lately started stand, it pro- bability, in this enviable catalogue. but in the majority of instances the case is far otherwise. It is within our knowledge, tor instance, that more than one of the gold mining companies, theannouncements of which were 60 publicly paraded, actually did not obtain a fifth, nor evens tithe of the nominal amouns of their capital. ‘The nominal capital of all the gold mining companies for California, Australia, and New Granada that have been started since the Agua Fria Company took the lead last autumn, including only those that taken their place on the official list of the Stock Exchange. is £2 160.000. By a rule of the house, no company can obtain a settle. ment in its shares unless it has at least two-thirds of its capital subscribed for, but it is well known that a settle. ment has in several cases been secured without this pro- rtion having been by any mesns reised—in other words, y the adoption of various subt 68 familiar to the | Premoters of joint stock schemes, who have found the means —* ® goodly show of subscribed capital at the banker's, If we reduce cur estimates of the money ralsed by these companies to £1,500,000, we shall probably be nearly correct, but even of this sum a considerable ortion has been raised abroad, asin the casesof the louveau Monde and other companies. There are in ad- | ditiom several gold mining associations, Californian and Australian, which have not yet taken their lace in the’ official list, owing’ to their not aving obtained the requisite amount of capital aad for other reasons. Making due allowance for the sums raised by these latter, it may still be fairly asserted that bent entire capital taken off the market by the gold min- ing manis. as it was terme: millions setlise— 6 result that our readers would proba- bly have scarcely anticipated after the prominemce that has been given to their issue and anaouncements during the last twelve months. There can be. in fact,mo more conelusive proof of the distaste of the public to specula tion up to the present period than the reception accorded Immediately after the first novelty of their iesue passed off. the premiums vanished with surprising celerity, and if we take the pre- sent market value of the entire capital embarked in this branch of adventure, we find that it is now actually at a heavy depreciation. And we hear it generally observed that the speculative movement has so fer been mainly confined to a comparatively small number of persons, the general public having taken little interest in it. According to the best information we can obtain, it ap- ery improbable that the sum actually raised for of jounts in the aggre- have presumably engaged public favor aud sup- re at once struck With the variety of objects ted. ‘The cry is not. as on former ooessions, in favor exclusively of either f mines, foreign loans, or home or foreign railways: bm the contrary, the associ. ations are of an extremely heterogeneous character, em- jing every variety of conveyause companies. such as railways, stoamboats, and even cabs and ommibuses ; pro- jects for docks, banks, telegraphs, mines. breweries, emi- gration, insurance. canale, reclamation of land. improved candles, improved fuel, roads, cutting and preserving timber. improved light, chemical, and other manures, rmelting works, stone quarrying, engineering improve ments, besides a variety of other schemes. too numerous to mention, comprising even a Crystal Palace nd an Opera Association. There has also been a sprinkling of foreign loans, but they have all been of small amount, and, with the single exception of the Austrian. have proved so sigeally successful, that it needs no prophetic capacity to foretell that we shall have many similar spplications. As regards the future tendency of speculation. there is an evident bias in favor of fordign railways. At home our iron net work sys‘em has been very extensively carried out, and the oxample is at length being actively followed by various States both of the old and new world, the governments of which are rise, oven with liberal guarantees of interost. Thus ‘rance and the United States have already secured the ‘aneistance of English capitalists to a considerable extent, and many other States are following in their wake. Por- tugal, Spain, Norway. Russia, Brazil, Peru, Switzerland. Canada, Sweden, Denmark, Sardinia, Naples, Hollund, was considerably under two | | the Mexican | employées of Garay, by way of appeal to the preja- | potker with tho pasred midshipmon, undergo a rigid Belpium, the Roman States, aud even Turkey, are under- | stood to be looking to our market for the means of im- soving their system of communication. and the list of Btatos that are alco bestirrinatbemselvesin the same sense, Dut in a tess degree. would be still more tengthy When a | ring in such terms to the rep? ‘The Tehuantepec Grant. Dauron, Ga,, Oot. 23, 1852. TO THE BPITOR OF THE HERALD. Ihave just received « slip from a recent number of yeur paper, (date net given), containing a com- munication, under the nom de plume of Chivela, com- menting on my letter im relation te the Garay Grant and Tehuantepec troaty, which appoared ia the HERALD of the 5th inst. Chivela undertakes to answer my argument, by charging that I have “‘wantenly and designedly falsi fied the fact,” in stating that ‘‘a dosument, oommu- nicated by the President of Mexioe to the President of the United States—constituting an important part of the correspondence, and indispensable to a right undorstanding ef the issues betweou tho two governments—was suppressed im the communication from the Department of State to the Senate.” Chivela says:—‘‘Now I protest that there was nothing—nething whatever—in the possession of the State Department, relating to tho articies as above cited, which was suppressed from the Sen But the numerous suppressions at that departmont, of which he has endeavored to induce the boliof, con- eist im the single extract from Arist itter to Presi- dent Fillmore, which is as follows:—‘The true histery of this affair, traced from the fountain head and sup- ported by authentic documents, you will find in tno accompanying report from the Minister of Relations, the perusal of which J rocommond to the enligaten ed wisdom and prebity of your Excellency. In it you will find everything — absolutely everything—fer nono of the facts have beer loft out | s elapsed before it beoame absolutely necessary to or even exaggerated. The truth appears inal! simplicity avd nakedness, every page bearing dence that, if there is any cause of compl: » Mex- ico, whe has been the victim of every kind of out- rage offensive to her character and derogatory to her Hghie, alone has the right to complain i 16 peat that I recommend its perusal te the importent consideration ot tho first magistrate of the nation, whose duty it is to decide irrevocably concerning the preservation of friendship with Moxioo, so that by reading it, without bias or prejudice, he shall eay, on closing the last page, whether his convic- tions remain unchanged. We are both of us acoount- able to God and to the world for the use we mako of the power entrusted to our hands. “Immediately following this extract, Mr Green waya:—‘I cannot characterise this whole transu0- tion more strongly than by simply referring to the fact, that this document, thus commanioated to Mr Fillmore by tho President of Mexico—constituting so important a part of the correspondence aad in- dispensable te a right understanding of ¢ 08 between the two governments, was suaprenmen ho cmmusieuon from the Department of State to the Date “Now, Mr. Editor, what will be thought ofa man who has so wantonly falsified a fact, (and, too, with the proper doouments before him to correct himself, as he certainly had, fox he rade anether quotati from the same document,) when I mention the fact | that President Arista’s letter andthe extract quoted were not suppressed, but were sent, with ail the rest of the correspondence between the two governments by President Fillmore to tho Senate —tho truth of which can be ascertained by referring to any one of the Senate committee, who had the matter uader consideration, or by reference to ix. Doc., Ne. 97, page 159, ‘and from the extract quoted from the same communication, 161.” T have quoted Chivela’s language in full, and at tho risk of being tedious, and now reply to hin— not because I doubt that the intelligence of every reader of your paper will suffice, without my as. sistance, to detect the shallew artifice by which Chivela seeks to misrepresent me—but because [ desire to call the attention of the people of the United States to the were of deception and mis- representation of which President Arista complains, in his letter to President Fillmore, and by whjsh those whom Garay has enlisted in his servise fre aeceking to miglead the people of the United States into » disreputable and iniquitous war upon Mexice, for the purpose of forcing her to submit to the ua- just claima of Sacer Meals & Moxican citizen. The Lobos affair, and the private letter from the Se- cretary of State to ee oe Jewett, was bad cnough. But that was intended to promote an American spe- culatior. Let not the pecple of the United States make war on a weak neighbor like Mexico, nor compromit their honor and interests to aid a Moxi- can in his speculations on his own country ! The most carelegs reader will observe that Chivela seeks to induce a belief that I said that Ari: letter to President Fillmore was suppressed, then endeavors to convict me of wanton falsehood, by askin that I had myself quoted an extract from that letter, whioh is given in Ex. Doc , No 97, of last session, page 159. I did not say that Arista’s letter was suppressed; but I did say, and now repeat, that an important document, communicated by President Arista to President Fillmore, to wit: the report ot the Minis- ter of Relations, made ate part and parcel of bis corres’ ondence with Fillmore, was suppress- ed. I the attention of every honest and right- minded citizen of the United States to the language of President Arista, above quoted—to the earnest- ness with which he repoats his Ca that that document, containing ‘‘the true history of that (Garay) affair, ti down from its fountain head, and supported by authentic documents,” should re- ceive the “important consideration of the first magistrate of the nation, whose duty it is to decide irrevocably concerning the preservation of friend. ship with Mexico;” and I ask, why was this docu- ment withheld from the Senate and people of tho United States? When I first read President Arista’s letter, refor- of tho Minister of . No. 97 carefully, Relations, I examined Ex. and not Gee te Minister’s report therein, I ap plied to the Secretary of the Senate, and to the clerk in charge of the document room, for it, aud was much surprised to learn that the Ex Doc. No. 97 contained all thathad been communicated to the Senate on the subject. I then applied to the Mexi- can Legation and obtained a copy of the Minister's rt, published, I believe, by the Mexican Consul at Now York; and I have since learned, on what I believe to be reliable authority, that this suppres- sion of material documents—ao now trick at the State Department undor the present régime—was made the no of complaint and remoustrance by iniater. I wish here to remark, that I do not attribute this suppression of documents to Mr. Fillmore. It is impossible for him to read or examine all the documents which pass through his hands, and I confidently hope that when his attention is called to this subject, he will relieve himself of the retpon- sibility by causing the suppressed document to be sent to the Senate immediately on its re-assembiing As to Chivela, Ioannot stoop to bandy charges of falsehood with him, nor would [ notice his com- munication, but that I desire to excite inquiry, that the ge of the United States may find out the truth This they will find in the supprossed report of the Mexican Minister of Relations, which dis cusses all the points which Chivela charges me with having suppressed, and shows conolusively that, in the language of President Arista, ‘‘if there is any cause of complaint, Moxico, who has been the victim of every kind of outrage offensive to her ebaracter and derogatory of her rights, alone has the right to complain Chivela says that the Garay grant, having been recognized by the Mexican government as Mati 8 while in the hands ot the British, ‘* was pure by Americans from the British holders, and wards declared invalid by Mexico.”” This assertion has been frequently made by the It is dices and passious of the American people iece with the rest of vunoandid and untrue, of a | Chivela’s statement, to which the author might foreign line is introduced into this market with good | ic , | ment wes willing to grantto the Britisd what it traffic prospects, and a fair dividend ganrantead by & vent government, there oan be lit'le doubt of the capt | being obtained under presont ciroumetances at least, but although the investment may be good, and tending directly | to the encouragement of that of other States, betides giving a stimulus to our iron trade, it is still in connection with these foreign under- takings that apprehension is chiefly entertained. must be borne in mind that if, as in our formor expe- rience. an inordinate amount of onpital is sunk in earth- work and stone and brickwork at home, the m is, in fact, turning in a circle, the laboring olasses, branches of our trade and manufactures, reap! sible direct benefit, whereas when our capital des- patched abroad, there accompanying benefits are expe- rienced in a minor degree only, while the prajudicial effect on our money merket and trade is greatly increased. Under these circumsiances. and in view of the numerous undertakings of a mi-cellaneous character that are bein, projected in connection with the United Kingdom on the colonies looking also to the fact that our home rail- way enterprice. a8 might bave been anticipated, is re- viving it may be doing good rerviee to suggest caution in | connection with the applications for money preferred by foreign States, citber for railway or other purposos. | Unters ‘his caution is observed, we may certainly look | forward to & period, by no means distant, when our money market and as an inevitable consequence our trade and every clase of the ion, will sensibly evffer. The progress of entorpri at present watebod | with great intexert Ly those best able to read the money | market, aed the whole subject is one deserving of peen- | liar attention, our own country, by promoting Barke war severely and we believe fatally wounded on Monday evening, by another named Cornelius (rowtey,*t the corner of Mart and Grand rtrects, There ad bron ® quarrel between the parties, and Orowley oclered Burke | out of the house; when he reached the door step the altercation was continued, and Crowley struck Burks on the head with an exe, bresktng his e&ull by the blow. | Buike lived through (he night, bat, we ery informed, | died yesterday morning Orowley rays that Burke in- | sulted him and bis wife's slster. and fore hin attack, Te hae erested and lodged tn jall ~New 1 Courer, Now, 6. Tt | Provanue Mvrpre.—A man named Daniel | oft well be ashamed to affix his own name. and his associ- been, a valid Your obedient servant. Bay. E. Ongen. Admission and Promotion tn the Navy. TO THE BPITOR OF THE HERALD. The public press of the country has for somo time past boen pointing out the existing vils in the nevy, and it ix now gencrally admitted on overy hand that something must soon be done to reno- vate and raiso it to its original and high standard But as yet no thorough reform has been proposed, or, at least, decided upon, thatis likely to be agreo- able to the majority. We ask the question; why not apply the eamo system of admission and pro- motion a8 is now appliod, with such manifest ad- vantage, to tho engincor corps of the navy? It-will certainly not be denied by any competent to judge, but that the corps of naval engimcora has grown at en unprecedented rata, in ability, intelligence and usefulnese, since the present system of examinations was adopted. This corps is comparatively new ia orgarization, having only been authorized by Congress in August, 1812. At that date, neither tho rapid increase of steamers, nor an en- Jarged sphere of dutios for the naval engineers, such aa has gi’ taken place, were contemplated, and the orgavization was accordingly made al:ke with other corps of the navy. Three yoars had but ates, that it is pet now, and never grant. ro-organize the corps on a different basis, i. ¢. : es tablish a system of admission and promotion by merit. Accordingly, the first Board of Chief Mn- gi cera was convened at Washingten City, in July, 845, for that purpose, before whom ail the en- gincers thea in the navy were ordered, and their rerpective merits ascertained. As might have been | supposed, many of these in the higher grades, (as now oxist im other corps in the navy,) were found incompetent for the lower grades. They were, of course, passed according to their ability Bince that period no person has been admitted or promoted into the engineer corps of the navy until pronounced qualified by a board convened by the Seoretary of the Navy for that purpose. The corps is divided into four grades, and not only befvre admission to the lowest, but before pro- motion afterward to each higher grade, the can- @idate must pass a rigid and scrutinizing ex- amination, exterding wot only to his profes. slonal attainments, but to his moral aud so- cial character and general aptitude for and energy in business There are thus four ox- aminations to be passed at stated intervals, each exceeding the other in stringency, and with the important advantage of having tho | charaoter and ability of the candidate under- stood from the experience of his service in the grado from which ho is to be promoted. Further, by this system of exuminations for each grage, the corns is purged of all members unfitted. puorally or professionally, for the discharge of its eB», because eny candidate, whatever be the grade he may have attained. if be fail to pass for the next grade, is dis missed from the service, and his place filled by the next best qualified. An engineer may thus have been in the rervioe for many years, and dischargad all the duties of the lower grades with oredit, but on failing to pass ior the highest he is dismissed. As in exch general examination, the standard ef quali- fications is greatly raised, it will therefore be soon that it is impossible for an engineer of the navy to remain stationary; he must advance and keep pace with the progress of the arts and sciences, as ap- lied to his profession, or he must leave the corps ence, in this system there is the widest field for com- petinen for promotion taking place as it does accord- 1g to merit, as determined by the examinations, one examination may reverse the relative standing of members of the same grade from what was ostab- lithed by the preceding examination; thus, talont is Jeft continually untrammelled to strive for a still higher elevation ny person desiring to enter the engineer corps of the navy, between the ages of 18 and 25, has enly to send hisname and addreas to the Secretary of the Navy, when it is oat upon the list, and at the next exemination for admission ho receives permis- sion to present himself before the Board of Examin- ers, composed of chief engineers of the navy, who, baving attained that grade after the laborious and, progressive climbing through the inferior grades, are vaturally disposed to guard it with jealousy It will thus be seen that the composition of the engineer corps is eminently republican, the field being alike ogen to the sons of the blacksmith and sena- tor, no influence of any kind being required to get permirsion to be examined, and when once before the examining board, the fate of the candidate is determined pwely on his merit. Although but seven years has elapsed since thé engineer corps was organized on. its present basis, the members bave already entered upen a wide and very respousible range of daties, combining all of the theory and practice known in the extensively ramified arts and sciences, making up ® thorough knowledge of the principles and practice of marine steam engineering and steam navigation; a know- ledge which—it is believed it will not be contested by any competent to judge—demands quite as much natural ability, uzited with as deep study, and long practice, as are required for any profession. The engineers of the navy now decide upon and design the various compiex machinery for the war steamers, furnishing first the working drawings, in the most complete detail, then superintend and direct their manufacture at the various establish- ments, afterwards its erection on board the vessels— finally, they operate this machinery at sea. Tho | machivery so designed and superintended is some- times of the largest, most complicated, and costly description, frequently amounting, ia first class steamships, to hundreds of thousands of doll and at the various establishments where it is co: structed, the na gineers are the sole guardians of the public interest, where the expenditure con- stitut a formidable fraction of the naval appropri- The amounts and kinds of labor done are ined by and paid for wholly on their certi- Again, after this costly and complex ma- chinery is erected on bo: the steamship, its pre- servation and judicious management rests alone with the engineers; on them depends not only tho effective eperation of the machinery, but the s: of the vessel and all embarked in it; hence an ebvious fact, that on board a steamship the steam machinery must necessarily be the important ntial feature, to which all others a @ necessary corollary to t! follows, that the services of those who control it are the most valuable, and their responsibilities the greatest There is strong probability, which will scarcely be contested by any who have bestowed the proper reflection on the subject, that in twenty years hence thero will be no naval vessel unpropelled, in whole or in part, by steam or other gases. The in- troduction of motive power for all marine war pur- pores will be compelled by necessi'y and the pres sure of circumstances When this change shall be made, which is now in rapid progress, the engineer officers will be as numerous, and their duties as im- portant, a8 an aggregate te the whole navy, as all the officers init. In consideration of these facts, we have no hesitation in saying that the same sys- tem of admission and promotion should at once be be eat to the sea officers of the navy. Let a board of twenty officers be selected from tho grades of cap- | tain, commander and lieutenant, and those of His purpote in reproducing this mis-statement 1s | to preduce an impression that the Mexican govorn- was unwilling to coycede to the United Stater. Lhe | reverse of this is the truth. The suppressed report of the Minister ef Relations proves, b; tee’s failure to fulfil its conditions; and having been thus forfeited, was subsequently, by a collusive and | feigned transfer, assigned to tho British Consal- General in Mexico, in the hope that the power of the British government would intimidate Mexico into submission to Garay’s pretended claims; and thet as soon as the Mexican gevernment was informed of this pretended transfer to British eubjeote, i# refused to recognise it, and Ua pes! declared the grant ex- tinct and void Then, and not till then, did the British Coneul-General announce to Mexico, (the Britigh government having shrunk from the dis- honor of becoming an accomplice in this scheme of intimidation) that “the headquarters of the priso bad been transferred to the United States.” And itis worthy of note that this transfer was not made by purchase and bona fide sale, but by a power of attorney, to an American citizen, accompanied by a letter of instruction, subjecting him expressly Garay. I nor ti the affair; but I invite the attention of the onrious to the transfers, as given in Ex Doc., No 97, aud recommend them, a curiosities of law and diplo. macy, to the careful perueal of the Committee of Poreign Relations. Io conclusion, I repeat, that it waanot aftor, bat before, the pretended transfor of bead quarters to the United States, and while British subjects ware claiming the so-called Garay grant, that Moxico deolarea it invalid and extinet 1 will add but ono word. The complaint against Diex'co ia, that she refuses to make a treaty reoog- vi rl confirming the pretended mrant to Ga rey. it the grant be valid, why docs Gocay want o y ‘authentic documents,” that the Garay | | grant, originally invalid, was forfeited by the gran- | in wll his operations to the orders and control of | t.™ aye not the documents now with mo, | 6 26 present to comment on this feature of | known abil ty, and the whole of these grades, to- and searching oxaminatioa, not only into their pro- fersional qualifications, but their social and moral character; and if esptains aro fouad unfit for oap- tains or commanders, let them go down to the grades which they are Gt to all, and if entirely watit for sorvice, let them go out, as is the case in the engineer corps; aud thereattor let no officer in any grade be promoted until he has been pronounced qualified by a competent board of examiners; then we shall hear nothing more of the imbecility and inefficiency of naval oflicers. Destavomve Free iw Poiiaperrata.—Between two and three o'clock this morning. a cestrustive fire oecurred on the south side of Second street. below Little Dork street. It broke owt in the baek shop of Mossra, Sochureman & Iymas. wanufacturers of favcy ehairs. Ite origin Js believed to have been the rosnlt of design, as several previous attempts had been made to fire the place. ‘The flames ¢pread to and involved the rear and upper portions of the old frame and rough-cast buildings. Nos. 177, 179, and 181 fronting on Second street, These bui/dings are among the oldest in Philadelphia. and con- nected with some of them are tntere:ting Revolutionary and other reminiscences. In No. 177 was the Loxley Hell Clothing Store of the Messrr. the windsor chair manufactory of Mr. Gray goods of the former were rescued, lors sustained by the Intter was nearly co inevrancer Meseez, Schureman & Hy 179 Their loss ever and above their stont $500. Both the properttes, No 177 snd 179 belong Kennet of the Tower Hall clothing establi: hment, Market street. and are insured The lower part ot No J81 was in the ccoupan y of Jenkins & Co.. elothiors. and the upper portion was occupied by Costello & Co , chair- wrkers The books and stock of Messrs. Jenkins & Co, were raved, Costello & Co, were severe sufforers A cab- inet maker and carpenter were also among tle sufierers Some of the adjoming properties were in danger. but the stremnoes eflogee of the fermen, sided by th served them The boliding No 181 was Misses Pringle, three Indies of Pine street, was not insuced.— Philadel; Bulleuwen, Noo. 2 Harvey, and The is Ube Senate stands 12 democrats to Fiona Lsaishaturs —The Legislature strongly Come 4 rity on ajority oyun 14 whigs, deraoeratic | Sy | recognized artiole of the political faith of this gev- | already received a | there will be no danger of any such The Blectrio in ‘Vrom the Ceylom Journal.) Tho parsimony to which its advooates append and thereby prostitute the name of economy, is showing itself in various ways in overy act of our legislation. Its spirit breaks out ia all our coumsil debat 4 every measure is on = Fhe ted wade to show that by it money is spared; its offoot a8 stimulating the sources of wealth are lost sight of altogether. Whon these principles govern the proceedings ef the pooplo and their rulers, the advocate of expondt- ture can scarcely expect to be listened to; but as it has happened before to-day, that truth though it may be apparently confuted or overlook truth still, aud will eventually receive reosguition, there ; is encouragement te the ungracious task of opposin, erroneous opinions which appear to be envortained | by a majority The Kast India Company’s govormment has been condemned for the amuall portion of its revenue which it returns to the taxpayers in the form ef in- ternal improvements, in comparison to the large amount expended on ita army and in carrying out its plan of territorial aggrandizoment. In this re- spect, speaking by comparivon, the Ceylon govern- ment has done far greater justice to its subjects, and gladly de wo witness to the circumstance that itis a ernment, and not an ocoasional boon wrung from & cloged band. But whilst public opiaion thore, as far usit can gain expression, desires to opom the hand, hero it exerts itself to keep it closed, seeking to diminish the supply down to that peint where ecopomy ceases and parsimony begins. — ; A laie number of the fyzend of India reminds us, by diseription, of an invontion, the adoption of which is begu nivg to be nearly uaiversal, end baw the patwwenage of thas siow government, the Directors of the East India Com- pany—we moan the electric telograpa. Our read- ers are wo'l aware, from former extracts, that the electric telegraph bas been laid dows, and now works satisfactorily between Cali and Kedge- ree, a dintance ofseventy-one miles, besides another branch tine of eleven miles from Lishlopore to Moy- apore Inais is indebred to Dr. O'Shaughnessy for introducing this wonderful aad wonderfully a: invention And well may the Friend eay, that: “Siuce the dexpatoh of Clive, after the battle of Passcy, apnounsing the conquest of the three sou- bubs, which was tbe foundation stone of British powe: in the no document, equal in interest or importance has equalled the report prevented te the Bengal government apuouncing the completion and succeesful operation of the telegraph from Caloutta to Kedgeree.” Tbe result of the experiment has been, that Lord Dalbousie bas adopted the bold and judicious pian of depnting Dr O’Sbaughnessy to Mogland to lay the simcement before the public authorities, and, ia tho toxt of the Friend, to submit to them his proposal for tho esablishmomt of the tole- graph throughout the country. Inerder to conneot the various cities of India by a series of electric telegraphs, a0 that communication may be held between places the mort remote from each other, in a few hours, we appear to require the followiug distinct line: jaloutta to Agra, £00 miles; Agra to Simlah, miles ; Simlah to Luhore, 360 mules ; Agra to Bombay, 750 miles ; Bowbay to Madras vis Hydrabad, 830 miles ; Cal- cutta to Moulmein via Chittegons and Sandaway, acrore Pegu, 940 miles ; 8,800 miles Say 4,000 w lea, at 650 rs tbe mile, or 22 lakhs of rupees, to which if we add three lakhs for river crossings and contingencies, we shall have a total outlay of a quarter of @ million sterling for the most important and the most magnificent undertaking that was ever contemplated in Asia from the flood to the present time The oest of working tho line is oal- culated at 500 ra. a month for each station, of which it is proposed to place one on aa average at the distance of a hundred miles. Forty such esta- blishments will, therefore, require a sum of 20.000 rs, @ month, or 660 rs. a day for the whole of India, and es Dr’ O'Shaughpsssy propoacs to fix the oburge for private communication at the moderate rate of sixteem words of two syllables each for the rupee, we shall only require 600 such mossages a day from the entire community in India, from Moulmein, Calcutta, Agra, Lahore, Bombay and Madras, and tho intermediate stations to cover this expense, Is not the community moro likely to re- quire a *‘ thousand messages a day?’ ”” Our objeot in noticing this grand undertaking is to chow what difficulties there were and how they were overcome, the cost of the experiment, and pro- bable cost of these undertakings generally. We will therefore appond these as we find them im the Frond:— “From Calcutta to Rejmooila, the conductor is laid under ground, in @ coment of weltod resin and sand, and it isa five-eighth inch rod. From that village through the remaiuing distance to Kedge- ree, it is carried over ground on bamboo poles, fifteen feet high, coated with eval, aad pitch, and strongthencd at various distances by posts of saul wood, teak, and iron wood from America The bamboo posts are found to resist storms which have uprooted treos the growth of centuries In the storm of of the 23d Uctobor last, which drove two steamers ashore, the bawboos bent gracefully to the elements, ana then reeumed their erect position Though the bamboo soon decays, yet its amazing cheapness makes the use of it more oconomioul than that of more durable and more costly materials. The branch road from Bishlopore to Moyapore passes through a swamp; thecountry is little less than a lake for five months; the conductor runs on the foot paths between the island vill and for some miles erosses rice swamps, creek: ad jeels on which no road or embankment exists. The most difficult and objectionable line was selocted to test the practicability ofcarrying the conductors through swampy ground, and it has been Retetiy success ful. The Huldeo river crosses the Kedgeree lino balf-way, and varies in breadth from 4,200 to 5,800 feet. gutta peroba wire, secured in the angles of a chain cable, is laid across aad under this river, and the chain is found to afford perfect protection from the grapnells of the heavy native boats which are copstantly passing up and down. Tho overground lines differ totally from those in ute in Egland and America, or any other country, in this important respect—no wire is used ? stead ef wire, a thick iron rod, three-eighths inch diameter, one ton to a milo, is adopted—the heaviest wire elaewhore used being only one cwt. to the mile. The advantages of these substantial reds are these —they postess a completo immunity from gasta of wiud, or ordinary mechanical violence; if acciden- tally thrown down, they are not injured, though passengers, bullocks, buffaloes, and elephants may trample on them; they are not easily broken or bent; owing tothe mass of metals, they give so free &@ passage to the electric currents, that no insulation is necessary; they are attached from bamboo te bam- boo without any protection, and they work without interruption through delnges of rain; the thickness of the wire allows of their being placed on the pi without any occasion for the straining and windicg apparatus, whereas the tension of wires oxposes them to fracture, occasions expense in construction, and much difficulty in repairs; the thick rods also mit of rusting to take place, without danger, to | an extent which would be fatal toa wire; and lastly, the rods are no more costly than thin ad the welding occasions no difficulty. On several ocea- siens. ove village forge, carried by two coolies, has been found sufliciont for welding a mile of rods in & werking day The rods, moreo aro not likely | to be iajured by crows or monkeys Swarms of kites and crows perch oa the lines through the swamps, but they cause no harm; the corrospon- dence flies through their claws without interruption, though on one oceasion a flash of lightning struck | the wet rod, and killed some scores of them. The ‘ance of this discovery of the superiority of ver wire will be fully appreciated in a coun- try like India, where the linc must often run through a howling wilderness, tenanted by savage beasts, or more savage men. The lines must therefore Spee gaa ves, and this is secured by the use of | thick rods Marke most difficult experiment on the line from Calcutta to Kedgeree was that of crossing the Hoeghly. A chain of {-inch iron ooble is being ag sehosl for poate: often farnitare, and other » has been Dr 0 bossy ie vanblod to adic, fren jhaug! past experience, that the fature everggoend Hees Will be at the rate of 350 rapecs a mile for a deuble line, river crossings and erection of offices separate charge The uniary returns from the Calcutta and Kedgeree line were orignally caleale- ted at about 200 rupees a month; bat they have boom more than three times that amount. A. abort year or two will have made either Galle or Trinocomalio tho centre of an immense ocean trat- fic by stoam:; the results of the latest improvements will be employed in our intercorrse with the whole | world beyond our shores; shall we within those ner row copings contentedly remain uninfuenced and adopt poue of che improvements with which soienos is enriching other countries? Shall these next years, following the parsimonious example of their predecessors, curtail. in the abused mame of econo my, the intercourse between one part of the coum try end the other. We belicve tho difficulties to be evercome ia carrying on the electric telegraph are on the whole lesa than tho encountered by Dr. O'Shaughnessy in Bengal; taking his extreme figures at £45 per mile, it is = easily shown what it wight be expected tocost to Iny down s comple ayatem for thie little island. Giving the lines in ordor of their importance— Miles. FIRST SCHAME Galle to Colombo.. ma Colombo to Kandy. 72 Kandy to Trincomalee Ns qT alee to Ja 196 Jaffe aL Kandy to ¢ 84 Badoola to Bat 16 Gaile to Mat 80 Colombo to Rar 56 Ambepusse to Kornegal a1 Colombo Negombo Putlam and Manaar ws Total miles... Pry At £45 per ni 730 " Coast road round tho every atation. 69h Joining Colomb Saffaaesee sees 33a Total miles... . Low At £45 per mile. £45,685 THIRD SCHEMB. Join Galle and Colombo, 72 miles........++ £3,240 Colombo, Kaudy, Trinoomalio, & Jaffaa 322 14,499 $17,630 Bhail wo adopt any of these, if it be simply the lime from Galle to Colembo, at a cost scarcely ex- coeding £3,000, er shail we centinue ou ring system and le! the world go past us? The most expensive scheme woe have pro id would not cost above £45,000, or one-eighth of the presemt annual expenditure, or say one-third of the revenue derived from the customs. An inorease of 35 per cent on that branch of revenue for the year, or 18 per cent for two years, would suffice to provide the needful sum. Or, if wo take the following together —Customs, £126,000; land revenue, £43,000; salt, £36,000—total, £205,000. Twelve por cont addi- tional om these imposts for twe years would raise @ sufficiency to complete the whole. How small am impost would be required te give us one of the minor sohemes of telegraphic communication indicated above, doos not require to be shown. The St. Domingo Movement. (From the Turks Islands Koyal Gazette, Aug. 25} For some time past rumors have been in circula- tion that a third expedition would sail from the United States for the purpose of again invading Cabs. ‘These rumors have at length taken a tangible form —and the information that another grand expedition is preparing to leave tho shores of the United States, to be directed to St. Damingo, is now confirmed, Our information is derived from an undoubted source. This powerful expedition is fitting out im the United States, under the pretext of av: themeelves of the emigration decree just passed by the Dominican Congress, which certainly Senor Baez did not intend tor tho Americans, but for the French—it has opened the doors to tho Americam adventurors who project the establishment of a feot- hold in 8t. Domingo, where the expeditions might assemble, and thonce concert their attacks more conveniently upon Cuba. Their intentions are to land as immigrants, under the protection of the law, with assumed professions alzo of assisting the Dominicans against Soulouque. The drift of the object contemplated is to subja- gate both the Dominicans and Huaytions, to compel all the blacks to Jabor according to the code rural, and ultimately to fleod the country with a white population. Cuba is to be troated in the samo mi ner, and the Awericans hope thereby to establish a monopoly of tropical products, such as they now enjoy of the articie of cotton. No doubt great num- bers of blacks would also be transported to the islands. An association or company has been formed for the purpose. Messrs Green, father and son, the Jatter recently an especial agent of the United States at St Domingo, Colonel White, celebrated in the Lopez expedition, Mr. Picket, late commercial agent of the United States at chese islands, and vai others, are partners in the mo. The associa- tion intend to employ chiefly steamers, and in order to ccnceal the enterprise, have already got the Le- gislature of Georgia to grant an act of rpora- tion, in such a manner that the sailing of these steamers with proposed SB as from any of the American ports cannot interfered with. A pane by the name of Wells is said to be figuring in New York a went of the Dominican repab- sr ne ‘ive the e jeme an air of reality. panish government seems to be informed of those measures, and the Spanish minister at Waeh- ington has communicated to Mr. Webster that the expedition, on leaving the American coast, will be closely watched, and if their course be direeted towards St. Domingo, Her Catholic Majesty’s yornment will be compelled te take possession orf. Domingo, which she would have every right to do, #6 she has never relinquished by any formal act her dominion over the eastern part of the island. It is robable that Spain in such a case will throw @ cay force into St. Domingo. ¢ immigrants, it is said, will be accompanied by four cr five thousand Texens, Kentuckians, &eo., to protect the ‘‘settlers” against the atvacks of the Emperor Soulouque, who seems determined upon an invasion. The British consul at Port-au- Prince has strenuously endeavored to induce him to give at least six months notice, but in vain. He rr see now much irritated, it is said, by those feol- ish remarks in the Eco del Orgama, threatening the invasion of his territory We beg to call the attention of the goverament to the defenceless condition of these islands. Within a twelve hours sail of St. Dominge, where at present two hostile parties are in constant readi- nese fora military movemont, at any moment an engagement may take place, when, if the victorious party should follow wp vigorously its successes and rese the vanquished, these islands may be inun- jated with refugees to an rming extent; or the Cuban invaders, who hi atened to include our islands in their next expedition, may at an unex pected moment present themselves. And what force have we to meet such aggression? We have a small body of regulars, who are no doubt well disciplined and well accoutred, but which after all ia but a handful of mon; wo have also a local militia, but, as all well know who reside here, it ia both unarmed and undisciplined, and in time of need would be little better than & mob. Truly, something should be done, and that some- thing right speedily. Cerwm est cavendi, tempus meduis malis ! Horr.e Murper ngaR Troy, Inniswa.—The following letter. rays the Home asome te iokcuar Sian master at Troy, Perr’ A Ath, Riven the particulars of one of the most horrible murders which it has ever fallen to our lot to record:—On last Friday night, several flatboats anchored in the river laid across the river, which will, doubtless, sink in many places below the reach of anchors, where the | bed 18 of soft mud; but there will be coutingencies | in which ships must drag their anchors, and endanger she continuity of the chain. Lvery pre: | caution has been taken to prevent iaterruption, but | this river crossing must always be a source of | jiety It is, however, gratify ing to know that | nterruption on any of the other rivers in India ‘rom the day when the electric telegraph was | definitively opened to the date of the report, there | has been no interruption in tho correspoudence. On the 2lst of March, at Bishlopore station, daring a terrific north- wester a flash of lightning struck the line at half past eight P M., traversed tho instru- ment, made its wires red Lot, and melted their ends into beads. In less than ten minutes Charles | Todd, the signaller on duty, had placed another | coil in the gear, and reported by telograph at | Calcutta what had occurred inthe office. Night | correspondence bas been carried on in urgent | cages with astonishing certainty and rapid- | ity. On the Mth February, at | the superimtendent of marine came te the | ofice to learn if the Phlegethon steam ves. | rel bod Janded the King of Ava‘s letter at Dia- mond harbor, Although all the signallors were in bed and asleep at the time, the answer was obtained n four minutes. The instraments used on the line org of the simplest construction After having tried the more complicated Englishand Amerioan inasteu- ments without euccees, Dr O'Shaughnesry contrived | the little single needle horizontal telegraph with which be bas been able to work in all weathers, without Gre of interruption. It sometimes be- comes disordered, but is changed, replaced, or “cured” in a fow seconds by the signallers on duty, and if totally destroyed, the loss does not exoved three rupees. The total cost of instruments of overy kind for one station, including battery, reverser, telegraph and alarm, with a dovea reserve tolegrap is, doet not exceed 100 ra. The entire expenditare an this axperimental Vino, otter ueductiog UkO O06 Of Ox, for toe traia- ' about three miles below this place, on account of tae fog. On Saturday morning it was noticed that they had left except one, which yemetned ae A 3, from. the Indiana shore, pursing near ina skiff, an one msn, asked him why the boat remained ile said “the crew had gone down to scund the channel.” The boat remained there during Saturday. Sunday. and until yes- terday evening, when persons living on the shore, not having seen any one olre on board, concluded to go and see what was the matter They found no one oa the boat, and the cabin floor spotted with blood; the bedding was examined, and found to be saturated with blood also; a hatchet and spade had both biood and hair on them, as if they bad cleft the skull of some one; three trunks had been broken open and rifled. They next obtained some iron hooks and dragged the river, when they suceseded in drawing up the bodies of thres men who had been mur- dered, Each of their heads had boem split open—literal- ly chopped to pieces. Ono bad beon sunk by @ beam belonging to a pair of sonles; another by of the seme, and the other by an Lage Hoe! which ware tied to them severally. They were without coats. hats, or shoes. showing that they must have been murdered im sleep. A coroner's inquest is now holding over their bo dies The beat is laden with flour, whiskey, candies, brandies, &o , and {» is suppoved wae fitted out at Oinein- pati Fromsrome papers found om board, it yyece the owners’ names were Miller and Gardner, So far there ia noclue to the mystery, Another boat passed by thie morning. Themen on it ssid they had been im company h the same boat sbove this plage, and that there were en men On it they Seancery ov -Ssverinc ar Savanna —We desire to call the attention of northern sh‘p ewuers to the | that thore is at present am elmost unexampled —— yeosele in this port for freighting cotton, both andocoastpiic There are now 10,600 bales more of cottom here than at the same timo isst your. With 2,000 tons more of shipping new in port than st the same time lest freights to New York are U7/40 per 100 Lbs. inst cemis last your To Liverpool, 7-20 to kd ngainst 4d last year. —Serannah Republican, Oct. Masonic Fratennrry.—Tho one hundredth anni versery of the faitiation of George Wi i aa Ee We clebeatton tn Heston. t oeaafian fae Rah ae ease of the death of Sig Webster