The New York Herald Newspaper, March 5, 1852, Page 4

PRE RERRE RRREE | Sere e N OENENSTET movement hes yet been made to restere the Colonel to his seat, or to authorise the Governer to order sn olection to fill the vacancy. There is misehlef brewing. Each party is now afraid of tho other; but amexplosion must take place uoon, and then look out for sealding work. NEW YORK HERALD. samme So DUR wmaNm ET, PEROPBIBTOR AND EDITOR, eee PIECE HM. W. CORNER OF FULTON AND NASSAU STS. enn ne cae Fee city ERALD, 3 conte per copy—B0 per Satur at OS ny Sort of ttycat Britaun, ene 89 49 any Be per ante Comte both bo emeiude the post: i PS ETTERS by mail, for Sustorephonen Sudsorwpivons, of erith dadversizements, to be post-paid, or the postage will be the remutted. “JOLURTARY COARESPONDENCE, conini nt news, solicited from any of th ts; tmporient news, 201 ‘e 0 + world; af used, woiti be liberaltypaid for, Oum FoRaten COnRes expanta AMM FARTICVLARLY RAQUMSYED TU Ehah and Gareaks snp PAcK Agus cay 70 Ue ‘ WIONOTICE isken of srantmous eommunicetions re da not return these rejected. JOB PRINTING executed with neatnee edespnesn, “MDP ER TIS EM £7" renew Volume EVIE... cee coe neers ‘DOUBLE SHEET. New Yorn Summary of News. Oar colucans are this morairg burdened wish an Bilday, March 5, 155%. unasus! ame intereresting tel Intelligence 3 of the globe. By tho arr a, at Rais fay, wo are esablod to furnich three 4 lator ine telligence Irom all parte of Europe. Tho resigay tion of the Rasseil wie'stry, although very suid will strike but few ‘of tho readore of th witb astonishment. Tho split betweon Sir J and Lord Palmerston was indicative of the do of the former ‘on any project he wikhs bio forward, ani the introduotien of hie recent re form Dill omy rendered | . be must go down. Who will be his was not yet koown, a supposed that the Earl of f hi ss Indeed, the fact of hic ring the leader ef¥c0 pro. tectionists would seem t) Warrant this saps " The mevements of tae Catholics ard Prosbyterixus in lrotend may lead to rather serious ros Taey have taken adecited stand im opposition to the onerus taxes of the landlords. In France, all ie apparently quict; but the reinforcement of tho Belgian army, end the decided hostility in the ist- tor country te ‘the intrigues of the Cutholtes the French, warrant the belief that the wain in nt need one-e erpool; but the other ma: ttle since previous accounts. The mein feature of the Congressional prooee ings yesterday, was the speech of Mr. Braskeo ridge, in the House of Nepreaontatizes, in defence of Gen. Wm. O. Butior. Mr. Cabell, of Fiorida, having, ina recent spgcoh, attacked the volirical oharsoter and standing of . B, Mr. Brecken- ridge, a3 @ Kentvcsisn, & douocat, and & Seutherner, felt it incumbent on himself to refate the charges; and with trast rate ntion, fortified him— self with tho lotter which we yesterday publiched, containing ths Generai’s views and posiiou with regard to the compromise measures. This ¢posch is said to havo created a great doslof sensation at the sutional capital; and now that the ball has been fuirly set in motion in Cozgrees, we may look for'some sipguler, interesting, ridiculous and ex- siting debate on the meris: of the numerous candi- days for the Presidency. I resolutions of the Pennsylvania Legialature, instrusting the r Senators to do alin their power to prevent the remoralof the m nt from Philadel- phis, wore presented in the United States Senate. Toes Porneyivanians are dreadfally frightened abevt the mint; but they need not be alarmod— they are welcome to keep what they have got. All that we ack for is a braach mint, in which the Cali- forsia gold, which nearly a! comes to this port, may be deposited aud coised. That's all. The bill smendirg the passenger laws, so as to compel owners of vessels to abide oy their contracts, passed the Senaie—as did also the resolution asking for information concerning the Japanese. Mr. Dodge eonsinded his speech in tupport of the Iowa Rail- road Land bil, and threatened that, if Congress did not allow Jend to tae new Sta'es for purposes of internal improvement, he woald join the free farm party, and advocate the givirg away of the public domain to those who would cultivate it. Awfal. Our readers will find under the telegraphic head the proceedings of several rolitical conventions ia ge many differ:nt States. The transactions of the democrats of Pennsylvania are possessed of special interest. It will be seen that on taking the sense of the one hundred and th’ two delegates in the conventien, ninety-seven were in favor of Jamos Bachanan for the Presitency, thirty-one for Lewis Case, two for Sam Houston, ard two for Isaac P. Walker. The Buchonanites were quite confi- dent of success; but the Caes men were not to be: driven from their favorite—oonsequently a great deal of wmalignity was displayed by the friends of, both parties Hissing, stamp- ing, and “bard talk,” character'zed the proceed. ings; and during the evening, the friends of Cass went #0 far as to threaten to wittdraw in a body. No choice of delegates*was effccted; but as over half of thore in the convention are in favor of Bu- ehanan, there is no doubt that they will oarry the day. In a convention of the whigs of Oacids county, in thisS , yesterday, preference was given for Gen. Scott for the Presidency, above all other can- didates. They of Tenn., for the According to the proceedings in the State Senate, yesterday, tho members are becoming somewhat anxious for the report of the Joint Committee of Invostigetion relative to the canal lettings. Mr. red the bedy that the report would: be fort ng on or be‘ore nex: Tuseday. This ic the old etory The members of the com- mittee have, at various times, promised to bring in the mueh desired report of their labors, bul, when the dey arrived, end general expectation had been arecsed to the highest pitch, an exsuse was mado that more witnesses were to be ex- smined. It ie pretty generally believed—and the manoiwvros of the committee are calculated to strengthon that bdelief—that the whole af- fair will end precisely where it bogan—in talk. There is no denying the fact that some three millions of dollars of the poople’s money is to be wavsforred from the te trearury to the pockets of a batch of canal contractors, and that Wm. H. Seward is at thetop of tho affair, and the defoat of the hunkor democrats and silvor gray ” whigs 21 the beitom of it. Tao political eom- plexion of the State, for years ‘to coma, bas been contracted for through toe canal coutracts; and mnlose our Jegislesors annul the bargain the poo- ple will iose their money, andthe feo rollers wil, have entire eovirol of the State bslict boxer. No wonder that our senators are becoming quite ner- yous with regard to this matters ‘The projectors of the two steamship lines be- tween this city ard Ireland are said to be doing ali they oan in order to procure aote of inoorpora- tion from the Legislaturo. The minority of the Senate comwmitice yosterday), sported in favor of tho Galway line ; after which, Mr. Cooley intro- duced a general bill sor incorporating stoamehip companies. Mike Walsh is opposed to giving the Mauhat‘an Gas Company the monopoly of lighting tho entire upper part of this city, by increasing its capital stock. Consequently, the bili, when reported, with an addition of one million to the stock of the com- pany, was sent back to the committee, by tue As- sembly. The bill relative to the Chaneory fund was 0 amended that there shail be vbree commis. sionges, at a fa'ary of two thousand ® yoar each. During the roll call, Mr. Snow's name was inad- vertently xnontioned, which created a sighs ebulli- tion offosling. However, the clerk spologised, and tho mattor peased over without excienout. No Albany. Hungarian bonds, the treasurer of the # inany committee states that he has only sold “,orty.ayo dollars worth. Rather a slow business. jyat, : &o., will be found on the first pago. Interventicnism appears to be at a dissountir, Ont of ono thousand dollars wort, of At the monthly meeting of the Avy Jorican Insti- tuto last evening, an animated gisenssion took placo in reference ty the propos’ 4 Crystal Palace. Some desired to oppose it stro” saously, while some desired to let it alone, or, ry’ cher, better fair. All tho prope sitions were finally voted to be laid on the table, 7 nd the Institute adjourned without doingfanythixy , [hero was ono interesting fact camo out in the “gigsussion, that never saw the light before—it waa’ chat tho real inventor of the plan of the Crystal Py taco in London was Mr. James to oclipse it by a Bogardua, of thi ; city, the invontor of iron houses, ster having 6° ne to Washington, is notexpested to | show ‘ie number of gAtaons bepresent Allright. But we apprehend that the mectit’, wil, be » splendid feilare. Thore is mo mor’, harmony in tho whig party than among the ¥ juabbling democracy, if we are to jadge from tho opinions o' the whig journals. They will have as much trouble with their three-legged steol, as tho democrats with their baker's dosen of availables. And Wall st eot is not strong enough to carry through Mr. Webster. We can’t elect him bya Mexican pronunciancnto. Hs has to go to the “ Philadelphia slaughier-houso ;” and we aro pro- mised that the friends of Mr. Clay will remombor him. We expect, however, that this Webster meeting will fairly put the ball in motisn, and that it will be followed up by Fillmore meetings, and Soott meetings, here and claewhero, and by a general shaking of the dry bones of the eld poli- ticians of all parties, all over (ho country. I+ will start the ball, but it will finish the Expounder of the Constitution. Wail street will wind him up. The Ten Governors of the Alinshouse— from whom t,o pattera was undoubtedly taken. We have not room for the report today, but we shall probe? ty publish it to-morrow. Woleer’, from a reliable cour, that the ship- owners "who have gent a memorial to Congress sgaips’ further aid froza government to steamships, do not include Collins's tine in their protest. Thoy cone¥ der thet line a cemi-national one. They are Opp’ sed to the Ebony and tho dosen other lines a0 seeking enormcua appropriations, but are W arnily in favor of additional aid to Collins. Several interesting itoms from Toxas, Mexioo, The Webster Meeting To-night—Optnions of the Whig Press--Rise in Cotton. We publish to-day, the call for tho Wobstor meeting to night, and certain commentaries by the whig journals of this city, upon the movement, as the proper secompanying documents. Wall street is in the fiold. Read the call, and the immense catalogue of names, rolling up in solid phalanx the mighty forces of the money market— bulls, bears, and lame duck, and all—and the im- portsaee of this majestic movement will be soen at a glonce. Where the wholo ‘ material, financial, and political aid” of Wall street is brought to bear upon the Presidential question, there will be hot work for the whigs who resist it. Tho list of signers to this Webster call commands an activo capital ef fifty millions of dollars, capable of sup- plying all the republicans of Europe with ships, Steamers, artillery, ammunition, and ascond-hand muskets at two dollarsa piece, and all the gold dust, cotton, broadetuffs, oil, salt pork, dried ood- fish, and leather, necessary to carry on their opera- tions. The magnitude ef this Webster movement, therefore, in a financial view, is well caloulated to startle the friends of Fillmore and Scott. It eclipses, in asingle coup d'état, all tho State conventions, county meelinge, and nominations by the country newepapers, of both Scott and Fillmore. And yet we have evidence going toshowthat this magnificoatand overshadowing demonstration, like the great Union meeting at Castle Garden, will probably fizzle out in gas and smoke, and leave Mr. Webster tho lamest of the lame ducke on "Change. Mr. Webb, of the Courier—the exclasive Wall street organ of Mr. Webster—is decidedly of the opinion that this metropelitan meeting will settle the question—that all the subsequent proceedings of the whigs will be more matters of form, endorsing the final action of the general board of brokers. Mr. Webster isthe man. Thoro never was sush a man. He knows everything; for, upon all quos- tions and all subjects, whether they relate to diplo- macy, tho finances, literature, history, religion, or law, orto the mechanic arts, or to the science of farming, and the art of making clam chowder, ho is equally at home. [f ho is skilled in expounding the conastit»tion, he is equally aw fa:t to the nics points of a Durham heifer or a Barkshire pig. He knows everything, and is great in evorything; and vo other man, since the nomination ef Goneral Tay- lor, could expect the support of Mr. Webb. To him your ordinary men, like Scott and Fillmore, are out of the question. Even Clay fell short of the mark. Thore is only one man that oan fill the exalted standard of the late Charge to Vienna, and that man is Webster. There is a positive grandeur about Webster, especially charming to the lofty aspirations of Mr. Webb. Even in his fiscal operations, Mr. Wobster comes up to tho greatness of Wall stroot. An office which other men have squabbled for, he only accepts with a dou- ceur of fifty thousand dollars, cash down. The Courier, therefore, is quite positive that Mr. Web- ster is the only man forthe whig party—the only man for New York—and that as for Fillmore, he would be certainly swamped, if nominated, by a msjority dead against him of from seventy to ons hundred thousand votes in his own State; and that, under any contingency which may arise, the South will ge for Webster. Thus much for the Wall street organ. But there ie discord in this whig music. The Tribwne has another axeto grind. As the organ of Fourrierism, socialism, animal magnetism, anti" rentism, red republicanism, abolitionism, bloomer- ism, bran- bread and turnips, psychology, the Maine liquor law, and the higher law, the pic-bald philo- sopher of the Tribune cannot support Webster. He ison the wrong side of Mason & Dixon's line— too much slavery—too much cotton—too much of the constitution, for progressive philorophy. Groo ley gives himthe cold shoulder; and by way of a tide- blow, publishes the proceedings of the Young Men’a Democratio—(mark the word)—Demosratis Whig Committee, which are certainly very fanny and smusing. In thoe proceedings Mr. W. D. Greene said that the friends of Henry Clay would romember that Mr. Webster's friends defeated himin 1844 Ah! ha! Sowe suspected. ‘Call you that backing your friends?’ Ho further eaid, that Webster would lose twenty-five thousand votes in New York. What a beautifal epecimon of whig harmony! And Mr. Charles Rid- die, another young democratic whig, said that Scott was the choice of the majority of the whiga of Now York city; and this in the teeth of the combined forces of Wallstreet. But, best of all, tho Demo- cratic Whig Young Men's Committee finally ro- solve that anything they may do is not to be con- sidered a5 an act of dictation to the Whig Nationaj Convention. They don’t appear to have muob faith in Webster and Wall street; and probably the Custom House and the Post Office had some little influence in this policy of non-iatervention against Mr. Fillmore. Greeley, with tho tail of his old white coat fying in the wind, hurries down to the Tribune office, and publishes the prosecd- ings of the young democratic whigs, as tho best exposition of the real woaknese of this Wobstor movement. And, porhaps, ho is right. Next comes the little Times, a sort of tonder to the Tribune, but insidiontly and stealthily doing the same dirty work of their abolition masters against the institutions of the South. Little Ray- mond demurs to the nomination of Mr. Webster on the compromise platform. The meeting must take in his whole political caroer—bis past advooscy of the Wilmot proviso, and his earnost and decided hostility to the annexation of Texas, and ovory- thing else that may damage him in the South. Of couree, this advice ia gratuitous, and intended to be vastly sarcastic; but we presume the meoting will be ratisied with tho present attitude of Mr. Web- ster, especially upon the Fugitive Slave Jaw, which is the gist of the slavery adjustment, and the cream of the cotton trade. The meeting to-night will be addressed by (ov. Morehead, of North Carolina, who was President of the ‘Philadelphia Slaughter house Convention” of 1844, which makes him # considerable acquisition on this interesting ecoasion. It will also bo ad- dressed by Mr. Choate, of Massachusetts, tho right bower of Mr. Webster, and » mighty orator; and by Mr. Thayor, of this city, andothers. Mr. Web: Tho Progress of Extravagance and Cor- ruption, Doring the lest year an amount not far short of the frightful sum of half a million of dollars has been drawn from the Comptroller for tho expenses of the Almehouse Department; and notwithstand- ing all the ontery raised about the profigasy and wasteful expenditure of the former organization, it was purity and economy itself compared with the preeont régime. if the old was bad, tho new is ten times worse; and the trite adage, ‘out of tho frying-pan into the fire,” haa been :ealized with a vengeance. Some three years ago tho public mind was ronsed by tho reports of newspapers and Grand Jurios relativo to the extravegant expensos of the Alme- bouse. Grave charges wero mado against its mapagors—a vast amount of money was spont for useless purposes—it was wado a banquotting estab- lishment, for the entertainment of personal and political friends; and the sums distributed among the poor of the city were truly alarming. Theso charges were, no doubt, to a certain extent, truo. By tho dint of agitation and the perseverance of “reformer’,” wh» wanted to be appointed on the new Board themeclves, an act was ob- tained from the Legislature, nowly organizing tho dopartment, and taking its control entirely from the Common Counot!, and placing it ox- supported in tbs de- per.ment, and the report fer 1851 is not yet pub- Tiebed, but the fares are made up from “he monthly returns. It is rather difficult to deo™phor the mean- ing of the monthly and annual y ports; and if the object of publishing them 'e to givo the tax-payers light, they ought to bea Mttle more explicit and more intelligible. Pechaps a few observations on the foregoirg tables might tend semewhat to eluol- date them. In 1843 and T344, the Almehoure was under the government of five commissioners appointed by the Common Council. In 1845, 1846, 1817 and 1848, it was under the control of a commissioner eleoted by tho people; in 1849, 1850 and 1851, un. der the management of Ten Governors appointed by the Legislature. With regard to tho numbers tupported in the institution, it may be observed that frem 1845, to May, 1817, there was great in- flux of foreign poor. In May, 1847, the Commis sioners of Emigration commenced their operations, and relieved the Almshouse of the pressure upon it from that quarter. In the cost of the ostablish. ment for 1843 is included betwoon $3,000 and $4,000 for bills oreated several years provious, and for the feundstion of a new hospital, commenced on Black- well’s Toland in that year. From the year 1813 cflicers have not been entitled to the living of the house. Previous to that time marketing was done for the officera, because they were entitled to their board; yet now, when they are not entitled to it, the market bill is continued. Brandy is roported only for horpital use; in 1813 it coat $7038; ia 1851, under tho era of temperance and the Ten Governor, $4,267. That funny item called ‘ro- frechments,” which for the last year oost $1,823, is inexplicable, except for the feasting of the Gover- nors and their friends. “Tobacco” was formerly furnished for tho lunatics, and a few old and indus trious persons. The number of recipients appears to bavo greatly ineroased. For rum, tobacoo, and refreshmenta, the enormous sum of $7,314 in one year! ‘Cleaning and repairs’ wore formerly done by the inmates, except for the lower office at tho Hall. ‘“ Furniture” was not allowed when the offi- cers had their board. Strange to say, now, whon they are not entitled to board, they get furniture at the expense of tho city. ‘* Miscellaneous, or sun- dries,” were not allowed from 1845 up to 1819; but now they are made a convenient item to cover extra- vegance, or something worse. ‘ Paying of paupers clusively under ‘Ton Governors”—not olected by the people, but expressly named in tho act. The powors confer:ed upon thom were most arbi- trary; but as no fee or reward was attached to the Office, tho irresponsible character of the régime was tolerated, sed it was supposed that philanthropic men, who undertook to :erform such important dutice for tho sake of charity, humanity, and reli- gion, would not squander the public money, or abuse the trust reposed in them. They were invested with all the powers that were previously givon to tho Commissionera of the Almshouse, the Common Council, and the Board o: Supervisors. Moreover, on application, their authority waa greatly enlarged by the Legislature of 1850. In their reports, these gentlemen display a vast amountof ingenuity and special pleading to convince the tax-payers that the olty iss ving money by their management. They find i rather uphill work, however, with certain stubborn facts and figures staring them in the face. What are those facts and figures? In the year 1816, when all the foreign poor were supported by the doparimont, its exponsa to the city wa: $232,729. In 1851, when the desti- tute foreigners were supported by the Commission- ers of Emigration, the e¢ penses of the Almshouse Department were $465,009, or double the former amount. This is cortainly a curious mode of sav- ing. In 1813, the salaries of the officers amount ed to $57,326; in 1851, to $79,088. This, wo suppose, is another item +f saving. Formerly, ‘he officers were obliged to furnish their own apart- ments; but gince the completo control of the insti- tution camo into the hand: of the Ten Governors, thoro has been expended for furniture $10,576. Is thia, too, a saving to thocity? It appears from the reports that the item of ‘* refreshments’ was firat introdused by Commissioner Leonard, in 1817, and amounted to $42; in 1851 it amounted to $1,823. This is another :emarkab'e instance of saving. But mrely, when they have been so very frugal and economical in sala-o2, farniture, and refresh- ments, they could afford to bo very liberal to the out door poor. Let us see what arithmetic sayson the subject:— LOCK ON THIS PICTURE. AND ON THI, In the year 1845... 2,941 In the year 1850..., $25,792 sh 1847 48,009 24 1861 26,861 184 54.701 From these sums of mone”, given respectively to be out-door poor during tho last three years of the old régime, and the last two of the new, the reader will ece how vastiy more generous and charitable the Ten Governors have boen than their predeces- sors. In 1851, there was given to the out-door poor $27,840 lees than in 1848. It thus appears that there has been & wonderfal saving—pbut it is all on the wrong side; while there has been a tremendous inerease of expenditure—but that, too, is on the wrong side. Bounty to the poor hes beon crippled, confined, and sadly di- misished, while to tho officers it has beon most laviebly extended. it would seem, in fact, that the institution is not designed for the benefit of the poor, but for the ;urpose of giving fat salaries to = set of ofiiciels. The number of officors has increased, and the pay has been increased, white the donations to the out-door poor havo decreased, and a amalicr number of destitute objects have beon relieved. Such is the retrenchment and reform of tho Ten Governors. But let us oxhibit thom in tabular form, from the official reports: — otal cost of depart uest io 1851., be x in 1846.. 04 Cost less in 1846, Tots! salaries in 1861. “ in 1543, Less in 1843... Total ¢9 out door poor in | 843. « ¥ “yn 1651... So muok for the philanthropy, economy, and re- trenchment of the Ten Governors. But lot ws go @ little more minutely into details, and compare the various iteme of expenditure for six years, wnder the different administrations of the city government, and for tho last three years under the Ten Governors, including the curious article of ‘ refreshments : Barenprrenes ron Six Years vsneR the ApmNieTRA ‘Tiow OF THE Cry GovaKsMENT, SF: 4828 5.408 6.251 78 282 729 342,133 403,907 rom 1546 $0 1849 paid by Tire exten. none pone mono Warkecing . 4,005 64L 258 2075 Bh 4438 none wore mone $42 %)| 55) 29 mone charged 473° 738 BGS 1410 gone 28 188 BOT mome nono mone mone none $2643 $1,423 none 1,670 mo such charge to July, 1649. none none mone mono none none hone a7 1,7 2,010 pone mene 0 OSL pone sous $16 mone 1,205 753 2 hong none nome none we 98 1,190 BM ond, mene none acne pone mone 1, 1844, te May, 1845, + For Medical Board, Exrexoervaes son Tnaex ears even tae Apernse TRATION OF THE TEN GOV ERROKS, 1s. 18a. env 3851, umber supported in the department, stumm. no rotnen. 5,933 951 93 $404,197 W 485,000 00 96294 74,800 OF 7 tig 2395 BATT ST 4,067 OL 7 (1,888 81 OT 1,ale 62 OS 18,142 08 18 4,061 06 95 10,06373 68508 3.46087 801273 2370013 20298 8,290) 208% 7,17 Prd} #301 87506 8 ry, ° 1,907 60 ‘068 Clovhing, & «+ RYOTE go Cont adowd $30,000 pyr. * For oight mo ‘The atwusl roporte for 1649 apd 1850 do not in the workhouse” is an item worse than usoless, and admitted by the warden of the workhouso, in the report for 1850, not to have worked well; yot it is continued. The item for ‘‘ mechanios,” for 1851, {8 enormous— $28,760 ; and, strange enough, thero is another large item for ‘ masons,” who have been always considered mechanics. ‘ Plumbing,” which is not included in repairs, appears to have been gone into very extensively. ‘* Stationery” costs three times ag much under the “Ton Gover- nors,” ag under the former management. ‘Lhe annual cost of ‘* dry goods” shows the necessity of having two dry goods merchants on the supply committee. To cap the climax, the Ten Gover- nors have drawn from the Comptroller, in 1851, the.huge item of $30,000 for repairs. They do- mand for 1652 the sum of $43,000. Are thoy not perverting the meaning and the spirit of the law? As aninstance of the way in which the people aro made to pay the piper for the musio of the Ton Governore, Wo may mention one fact that we have heard upon good authority, and which lets in a ray of light upon tho darkness. A cortain article was purchased at the rate of ten cents—the bill was made out for twelve and ahalf cents, and paid. What became of the difference betweon # dime and ashilling? We learn further, that the Prison Asso- ciation are entirely dissatisfied with the way in which the Ten Governors msnage our city pri- sons; and probably some facts relating thoreto will shortly come before the public that will somewhat astonish them. What is the cause of all this profligacy and mis- Mmanagement—this increased burthen of taxation upen the people through the Almshouse Depart- ment? Itis because it is removed from the control of the Common Council, and consequently from the control of the people. The Ten Governors are not responsible, and they hold their meetings in secret. The chances of corruption are thus increased and multiplisd; and the simple remedy is to break up the unconstitutional despotism, and bring back the Almrhouee to the supervision and control of the people aud their press. The samo observation ap- Rate to the Commiesioners of Emigration and tho oard of Education. These separate organizationa ought to be ail abolished, and the institution pieced under the care of the city government. ere are real practical objeots for reformers and philanthropists, instead of the visionary, Utopian schemes of the Holy Alliance. Tur Hiouer Cope—Jungr Epmonps and Jupax RooskvELT—DiFFEReNCES ON THE Bencn.—Our law reporter gave our readers, the other day, some account of a very curious difference in legal opin- ion between Judge Edmonds and Judgo Roosevelt, the particulars of which it is annecessary to enu- merate. Judge Edmonds, it seems, overruled a de- cision of Judgo Roosevelt, who afterwards over- ruled tho overruling decision, and now the matter is to be determined by the whole Bench to-morrow morning. The opinions and decisions on that occa. sion will be interesting. Judge Roosevelt, it seems, is only guided in his conduct by the old decisions or the now code; but it is intimated of late among the lawyers, that tho wonderful developement, called the ‘Rochester Knocking,” has introduced a “ nower codo”—yos, even a “ higher code”—by which, in doubtfal cases, all the ancient lawgivers, from Moses and Justinian down to the Jate Dicky Riker,with the old, amiable smile on his face, can be knocked up from tho depths of eternity, or knocked down from the heights of infinitude, and mado to give their opin- ions on every doubtful cause of litigation now pond- ing before the judicial courts of this city. The Hon. William H. Seward was the first great man te digoover the “higher law” in politics and public affairs; but who has discovered the “higher code” inlaw? Wo shall have to appeal to Chevalier Greeley and the Rochester knockers, to get the im- portant information, and communicate the mighty intelligence to the present astounding existing-ago —but especially for the uso of the members of tho bar in this city. Tho ‘newer code,” or tho ‘higher cede,” will knock up all other codes and Codiliors. Cnevatign WIkorr aND CuevaLier Wenn Again.—Chevalier Weed, of Albany, in anothor letter from Sardinia, states in addition to tho Wikoff story, that that distinguishod adventurer claims to have been @ diplomatic funotionary ef tho United States in Europe, as well as to possess a spo- cial mirsion on the part of tho New Yorx Heap. In reply to this, we may stato that the only connco- tion which Chevalier Wikoff ever had with tho New You Hagratp, very much resomblos tho position which has been frequontly ocoupied to tho samo journal by Chevalior Barnum, tho Connecticut humbug, and Chevalier Weed, tho master of the Albany office holders’ slate. Ata former period, we developed the charaster, adventures, proton- sions, morits, philosophy, and fan of Chevalier Wikoff, a8 wo have gratuitously performod the samo service to many other chovaliors in the pro- sent ago. No doubt Chevalior Wikoff, and many other wandoring chovaliers, claim very intimate Dr. Baird’s Zectureon Spain and Portugal: ‘Last even'.cg, Dr. Baird delivered an eloquent lecture, im the Female Academy, in Joralemon street, Brooklyn, to eDramerous audience. He commenced by stating that Dut little was known of the history of Spain and Portu- gal, till the time of the Romans; but before the Roman ra, it was in the posression of the Carthagenhuns—a powerful people from Eastern Asia. Spain was a very important province to the Romans, and henee they held it as long as they were able. They gave up Britaia and parte of Gaul before they evacuated Spain, for it wass rich province, and a powerful portion of the empire. After the Romans, the Vandals overrun the country, and established themselyes for a short time; but the Goths came down from the north, and drove them out, aud for one hundred ard fifty years lived by a system of plun- Ger—as was the practice of all'the northern tribes. Spain was then divided into a great nuccber of petty kingdoms —perhaps into some eight or ten—over which petty reigued. From these kiogdoms came the names of Catalonia, Bieeay, Old and New Castile, Andalusia, and other provinces, overeach of which onee reigned eGotbio monarch, Christianity was introduced amongst this people, and carried with it civilisation, which was ite second conquest in Western Europe: Harly in the eighth century, the Moors penetrated into Spain by crossing over the Guif of Gibraitar. They were first in- vited by the King of Ardolusia, who fell out with one of the neighbering mozarchs on account of an insuit which was offered to bis daughter, who was refosed in merriago, This war soon divided the country, and a vast army of Mahomedans came over from Damascus, under the generalship of @ powerful chief pamed Abba Armsnd They were full of euthusia- iem in favor of Mahomedanism, aud their desire to de- stroy Christianity was s0 great that in two years they overrun the country and subdued it. The ohief was not content with taking the whole of Spain acd Portugal, which was not then kuown by that name, for it did not exist as useparate kingdom, bat ho peaetrated into Freuce, and tried to establish himself iu the south of that country. He was met and defeated by Charles Miartel, and the Moors were thus driven back beyond iho movnteing, and made to be concent with the Pyrences as their northern boundary. Abcut this time commenced one ofthe mort memerable ware upon the page of history, fora number cf Spaniards took up arms at Basque, in the interior mountains, and fought for near 800 years without ony permanent peace. This war was not ended til] the final overthrow of the Mcors by Ferdlvand and Irabella, who drove them down to the south, and forced them to evacuate Cadiz, which was tho last fortrers thoy bela; ard after this defeat, they again returned to Atrica. The Moors had wany able monarchs basides Abba Armand, for he furnished them with reventeen crlipbs, some of whem were excellent men. Their cap! t 1 wee at Cordova, which was a splendid oity, and once had s million cf inhabitants, a great number of colleges fr learning, and 3¢¢ hotels At one time, this city was the centre of civilization in Werterm Europe, and ia the t nth or eleventh centuries it had more intelligence in it than even Rome iteelf The iutroduction of of Vilization into Spain was about the only good things the Moors ever did; for although they had tome seventeen caliphs. still they plundered their enemies. and committed many great depredations upoa their neighbors Afcer the Moors left, Portugal was formed iuiom separate kingdom. A French nobleman, who was aman of talent, penetrated into Spain, and by hin wealth and influence he obtained the daughter of one of the Spanish monarchs, who gave him the western por tion of the country, with the understanding that he ehculd drive out the Mocra. This he did, and he soon after nnmed the country Portugal, from the two Spavish words 0’Porto, The people became a maritime nation and baving several able kings, they began to make dis- ecveries, and were even more successful than the Sps- nierds themrelves They penetrated along the coast of Africa; dircovered the Cape of Good Hope; and though Spain was the first to discover America, through the en- terprise of Columbus, they very soon moved across the country, and tcok the eoert of Brazil, whioh they claimed. Soon after this time Charles the Fifth, who was King cf Holland. came to the throne of Spain, and ‘was afterwards elected Emperor of Germany, and in his nit was the moet powerful country in Europe, When he was in Spain he held his courtat Granada; but after bis death he was succeeded by his son Philip the Seccnd, 2 narrow. minded man, aud he removed the ow pital to Madrid. In hie reign the country bogan to de- cline, for the Spaniards committed four great errors—the first of which was the driving out of the Moorish mer- chante; the expulsien of the Jews; the introduction of the Jesuits, and the establishment of the Inquisition acquaintance with tho New Yorx Hxra.p, in Evrope, stising from tho fact that throughout the whole of the old continent the Heratp is tho pian and sometimes the only, paper from the nited States which is known, or regarded as authority on any subject. Important Quiky—Prick or Gent nEMANLY Dgrortment.—Choy.Mier Raymond, after having denounced Captain Lor'¢ and othor officers of the navy, a8 “brutal blackgwrds,” in his classical eolumns, very naively turn* round and asks tho Hon. Booby Brovks “if ho oa.2 tell him tho lowest price at which ho ean purchase the heer bet entlemea.” Tho " sooms, porting Of that kind to tolls mover hu’ Ving used the Portugal was the firet country to expel the Jesuits, and this led to troubles which disturbed the kingdom In the time of Philip, the Spavish Armada was sent to de- strey Protestantiem and the power of England, and the destruction of this fleet was the ruin of Spanish hopes. In conclusion, he spoke of the war of the Spanish susses- sion, snd of the many events which have latterly inte- rested the world in Spanish history, and he pitied ita preeent Queen on account of her being surrounded by co Pred bad advisers, amongst whom was her own mot At the close of the lecture, the approbation of th dience was expressed by a burst of general applause. Marine Affairs. A Eupmanine Vessex.—Mr. Alexandre will make a pub- Mo experiment with his submarine vessel, this afternoon: at one o’clock, at the Navy Yard, Brooklyn. He will go | made, the down with three other persons into water about fifty feet deep, with no other communication with the surface but with that of an electric telegraph. Commande: Balter, of the Navy Yard, it is said, will be present, and give the word to go down and come up again; so as t» prove that Mr. Alexandre has perfect eommand of his Doat. If the experiment prove successful, it will be of | badexecuted » great interest to those engaged in the pearl fisheries, as the boat is made erpecially for that purpose. Tue New Cuirren Suir Witp Pickor, Oapt. Putnam which railedfrom New York Oot, 14, made paesage to Ban Francisco (102 days) of any vessel which sailed in October, having beaten the Comet. Trade Wind, and Golden Gate, all magnificent New York clippers, the leact ef which is 600 tons larger than her. She sailed in eeptin with the Golden Gate, and ten to on were staked in New York in favor of the latter, yet the Wild Pigeon never had wind enough during the passa; to obtain her highest rate of ay The most she made in twenty four hours was hundred miles, cloze hauled, carrying skysails, She had skysails et seventy- five days, ana during twenty consecutive days carried royal stayeails and skysails, without lowering one of them, Off Cape Horn ur encountered a heavy gale, led eail, aud ehe was not hove to during the Captain Putpam writes, that under every cir- ¢ proved te be a perfeot vessel. so much could not suggest an improvement in her. . No H., by Mr. George Raynes, and is owned by Messrs. Oliphant & Son, of iew York.—Buston Atlas. (Instead of the Wild Pigeon beating the Comet, she was beaten by the latter. The Wild Pigeon left here onthe 13th of October, and arrived at San Francisco on the 48th January, making the passage in 107 days, instead ef 102. fhe Comet left on the Ist of October, and arrived on the 18th January, making 104 days—thus beating the Wild Pigeon by three days } Buont Passaces. ~ snip Game Cook. (of Boston), Capt. Hollis, sailed from San Franciseo, Nov. 1, and arrived at Bombay, Jan. 17, after teuching at Lets ope Bhe averaged 261 miles per day. Her greatest day’s run was miles. She had 16 days run to the Sandwich Islands, and 19 days theres to Hong Kong, fcom whioh place to Bombay she went in 33 days. ‘The famous New York elipper ship Flying Cloud, Capt. Cressey, who made the shortest paseage from New York to San Franoisoo, left San Francisco, Oct. 18, and arrived at Hong Kong, Deo. 6, The Fiying Cloud ene her wainmast on the pas- tage, which. perbaps, should be taken into account, Yet Uapt. Hollis claims to have made the pa days lers time, and Capt. Cressey admits that it was in lees. Ship Southern Orcss, (of Boston), Capt led from Sen Francisco, Oct. 24, and arrived , below Ouloutta, Dec. 25, and at the city on the 20th, being 56 railing days from @an Francisco to Band Heads Bhe stopped three days at the Sandwich Islands to obtain medicat aid for passengers, and re- mained two days at Singapore. She passed Hong Kong in 36 deys from Ban Francisco, and arrived at Singapore in 43 dave Ship Buena Vista, (of Boston), Oapt. Lin- nell, railed from San Francisco, Ost 24, and arrived at Sand Heads, below Calcutta. in 60 days. The B V. is not s clipper ship, but ber run from San Francis is said not to have been exeeoded by any vessel. The clipper bark Mermaid, (of Boston), Captaia Smith, from Ban Fraceleco, Oct. 28, via Hong Kong and logapore, arrived at Penang, Jan. 6, he made the run from Hong Kong in ten day ‘The steamers saldom make the run in that time, and never in less.—Boston Advertiser. American Siirrinc.—The following is an extract of a letter to a house in Boston, dated Batavia, Deo 29:—No American sbips have been offered for cl je during the month. £3 has been the current rate to the continent, bot as the American flag is not sdmitred in Holland xt the same of duty asthe British and other digs, our ships are completely shut out of that trade, while the Dutch flag,on the contrary, is admitted in Amerion upeo the focting of the most privileged nations, The Danish ship Herpye is loading 6,000 piculs coffee for New York, § tone socount, at £8 6s. per ton. The ooifee cost er pl. Mrs. Forrest in the Patrician’s Daughter. Mrs. Forrest has made her appearance as Lady Mabel, inthe “ Patrician’s Daughter; and, contrary to the ex- Peotation of many persons, sho has succeeded well in the character, though the pley is s tragedy of the deepest kind. Theres is, however, a reason for her success in this, that would not hold good in most other tragedies, Lady Mabel isa haughty aristocrat, daughter fs patrician, and the part is one that does not delineate any strong passion, nor afford much scope for the ex pression of emotion. It is ocld and proud even to the last. ot least till the;very moment before the death of the lady from a broken heart, Like the “ Lady of Lyons,” it is w struggle between love and pride; but the latter so overshadows the former that it is soareely sesn, except in its effects. There is @ cold dignity, an aristocratic sir, en elegant carc,and a bitter but not passionate re- sentment inthe character, which is well pourtrayed by 9 in ten faults, is, on the whole, a good Lady Mabel. Vandenhoff is very succersful In Mordant, his powers of declamation be AR hte arrented a Prussian tailor, named Joho. ®nd the magnificent poetry of thia glorious tragedy, which abounds in speeches, render it @ part peouliarly adapted to him. Altogether this play ie «palpable bit.’ It not only displays high order of genius in its | Justice Osborn, before whom the committed him to prison for trial, biglien construction, plct, characters, and language, but fis sentiments and moral teach a bitter but wholesome Jeseon to the aristoorncy of titles and rank and vindicate Laut vm escrere of ty nobility. There are Passages of great beeuty and power ia this tragedy; it Js republican in ita, tone, and eminently Aitted Lo be rGocesetul before an smeriong audience common Goqneil. ‘ * Mancn 4 Psat the itbeakem > Bar: than Trotter, Eid © sestdent, in the ohelr, and 8 uo; row of membr’ | preset, of the ere ' PETITIONS, BTC « . Of Ferdipava Pulmo. for relic! for damage sustained by & wang of rowdics entering bis premises on Now Years’ Eve; of Alfred Weat, for remission of tax; of Willisay Robinson an¢ others, for asemer in Third mopmrance of tts Americen Bible Bcciety against sewer in Naseau street. from Beekman to Ann; petition of En- pine Ccmpsny 17, for new engine; communication trom the Street Cowmissioner. in relation to the pier at 181st street, North river; petition of Trostees of St. Andrew's Church, to have an a sessment refunded. KEPOWTA CF COMMITYRES ADOPTED. On Sewers—C:ncurring to grant petition of Jameo k; concurring for sewer ip Hudson and Morton ; eoncurrivg for sewer in Hudson street, from Mor- ton to Burrow; im favor of petition for rebuilding sewer in Second avenue from Twenty-third to Twenty-fourth street; concurring for sewer in Grand street, from Crosby to Bim; coneurring for sewer in Pearl street, betwoen Btate ard Whitehall streeta. On Ronde —Concurring to change grade of Forty. first treet, between Seventh avd Kighsh ues; in favor of regulativg and greding Forty-eighth street, between Fourth and Fifth avenues. and permitting owners to re- gulate between Fifth and Sixth avenues. On Fire Department— Adverss to the petition of mem- bess of Engine Company No 30, for an appro) pay for palnting their apparatus. LAID ON THE TABLE. Report of the Committee on Sewers, in favor of sewer in cbristopher street. from Sixth avenue to the river, PAPEMS CONCURBED IN. Report of the Special Committee appointed to investi- gate the subject of providing for the destitute emigranta: by the Commissions ra of Emigration; of the Committee on the Fire Depsrtment, in favor of purchasing the Jeare of lot No 16) for the use of the Fire De partment n Finance, in favor of celling a gore jand to the Trustees of St. Patrick’s Cathedral, with resointion therefor, RESOLUTIONS CONCURRED IN. To place two gas lamps in front of the Olive Branch Baptist Church, corner of Montgomery avd Madison streets. as racn ea practicable; to have lampa placed fu frent of Eastern Congregational Madicon and Gouverneur streets; to assign office room Fire Wardeur; to Olty properly ventile ish to the members cf the Live Oak Kugine Company 44, the engine now ured by Company 84, ac soon asgives up; to place engive No 16, lately organized, in posses sien of boure No 49 Christie street; and to move hose carriage No 14 to the Corporation yard, until a house be provided; that the subject of selecting a site fora mint be referred to a ap-cial committee of three from each beard. (Meerrs. Brown, McGown and Barker appointed from this board) RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED. That the Commirsioner cf Streets be authorised to re- number Avffelk etreat immediately. Adopted. That the Street Commissioner be required to have ‘Went atreet, at the foot of Jay street, raired tos grade with the pi the frot of ssid Jay atrest, and to have crore-walkts laid to satd pier. da. That the Comptroller draw his warrant for $100, in favor of the widow of the late Williem P. Soholefield, who lost his life by ehip fever, while in dixchargo of hie duty. in the Third District Police Court, Adopted. ‘tohave Twenty-seoond street, from Third otrest to Lexirg'on avenue. lighted with gas. Adopted. Tha’ the Prerident of ths Croton Aqueduct Depart- ment be requested rot to enter into any contract for the construction of the rewer in Bleecker strest, from Car- miue street to Cornelia street, until the further order of the Common Council. Adopted. That the Commissioner of Repairs and Supplies be Gireeted to regulste and grade the half of the streets avd avenues boundirg Mount Morris square, the expense shemenio be taken from the appropriation for roads, Adopted. That the rubject of ventilating the chamber of the Board of Azsietante be referred to the Comittee of Re- nd Supplies, Adopted. Board adjourned till this (Friday) evening, Court of Gcieral Sessions. Before Judge Beebe and Aldermen Brinley and Francis. Maxcn 4 — Gross Per jury— The Pangs of Conscience-- Rudolph K)uge wasindicted for ‘wilful and Soe a per- jury in two effidavite—oxe sworn im a cause pending in the Bupreme Oourt, and the other in the Common Pleas, On the jury being called, the counrel for the defence challenged them eucoeesively for favor, bat the triers did not find the challenge true in a single instance. Having exhausted five peremptory ones, the District At- torney objected toa sixth, but counsel claimed twenty under the law of 1816, as the offence was one subjecting the accured toten yrsrsimprisonment. Mr Biunt ar- articles evel nv Mrs, Forrest, who though she commits some glating both € priace fe parel, valued at over $30, we preety, of Bam ued Bans- in Cen Mars, the identical Bible used gers, martyr, sud carried by him to the stake, some ot the leaves of which bear the mark beomght to the vondant tyr, Bo says au pachange paper. gued that the term being ten years or lees. the prisoner was not entitled to twenty peremptory challenges, but to five only. After some hesiiation, the court coincided, and cverruled all further ones. This proceeding eaused tome delay and considerabie surpriee, court, bystanders and all appearing to beat a loesto divine the reason for adopting sucha course. Twelve geod men and true be- ing et length fourd and empanelled, the osure proceed- ed. Itcocupied s}i doy,but the facts were, briefly—that- Edward Hart badobtained a judgment against Joseph Buisron, late of No 26 North Williem street and he hav- be 3 gone to Californi nd the Sheriff about to levy, the prisoner claimed the property, and a compromise was y Hart $259, and $86 a T agreving to costs, by weekly payments—fifty dollars bei dewn. Tn this agreement the woed “more”? had? ee interlined, but in the counterpart signed simul itappeared written in regular course. Inan eubsequently made, Kluge awore that the interHnestion | ‘was not made at the time, which would have the effect / of reducing the total amount to be by the sum of) $50, And in another affidavit he rvorn that he to Mr. Hart, in disoharge of all his obligati redeemed that mortgage om the same paying the amount to Terence Brady, Mr. Hart’s olerk. The falsebood of all there allegations was clearly proved. Mr. F. Byrne, eouusellor-at law, aud Mr. Hart, testified as to the execution of the agree ment fn which the interlincation appeared. und the um derstanding which was had between the parties at the time, and Brady negatived the story of his having paid; on the contrary, he had called on the prisoner a draft mortgage, (produced,) which he would not sigt, but turned him out, ssying * that Mra. Buisscn and Chas, Scbultz, then present, would swear he bad paid him” There last named persons hed also made affidavits, had been Indicted. Schultz had signified to tl trict Attorney hia wiltingness to come forward as ners, but that gentleman declined to call ai 3 cS en, ooeae = defence, fe Freel do #0, melancholy scene ensued, Tae s took the stand, evidently deeply conscience sertois , looking the perronification of despair and dejection. “ie no doubt told the exact truth. He said be had ben here for two years and a balf, and had no friends. “All I have sworn before {s faiso,”’ said he. The prisouer’s I= sel was rather taken aback, and asked him who Der- suaded bim to make sucha oenfestion. The witness? re- plied, “noone.” The prisoner here said some ne behind had been tampering with Sobultz, y were called forward, firet one exa: he had told bim to speak the truth. In reply tothe District Attorney, the witness stated he had reeeived a coat, worth $2, from the prisoner, for swearing the false sffidavit. Counsel on each sides declined sum: up; the defendant merely remarking that the late sion by Bol did not show his client's gailt in this ac- tion, whatever it might do in one for subornation of per- jury. Judge Beebe charged the jury, directing them to last witners's evidence, and jucidly t= ing out the effeot of that previously given A tea turned a jiot of guilty without leaving theirseate, avd sentence was reserved. It was understood ths: Echultz would pleed guilty; and a former employer of bis was in attendance to speak as to his previous character ard honest simplicity, with a view to obtaia as far as possible, a mitigation of punishment. Police Intelligence. Charley Quinn, the Pavel Thief —This notorious rogus known 8 Chariey Quinn, bas bten liberated from custody, under the following cireumstances, as we have beon in- formed by the megistrate. Obarley was arrested several daye ago, on a charge of stealing over $250 from ran- jer, in tbiscity, who was trapped into Wharley’s den, in ‘lm street, by @ yellow woman, used an @ “decoy duck.” Alter the ceuntryman had diseovered his lom, he ap- plea to the police authorities to get him back his money. ‘be police cflioers, with a view of aiding the complain. it, airested Obarley and the , 08 & charge of stealing the money. The w in makiug his oom- Lapel before the wagirtrate, ret forth that be resided ina certain street in Philadelphia, and in a day or two left this city, as he seidj for Philadelphia, sin°e which time, a rpace of over a week, nothing could be found of the witness, who itis suppored, on reflestion, believed it better to lose the whole of the money than bo exposed 3 = beforethe public. The District Attorney was consulted in the matter, who consented to the liberatiou of Quism from custody, as bo had already been in priecn several days, and, sbould the complainant return againto the city, such steps would then be taken ae wonid insure his lance at court. A police officer was de-patehed, & day or two ago, to Philadelphia, for the defen: but returned again without him, as the residenc by him in that city was untrue—no such perron or reek dence could be found. Under theso ciroumsiances the Dirtrict Attorney ranctioned the dismissal of Quinm from prison, rubject to be arrested at any fatare time, ehculd the complainant appear and proreouty. Passing Counterfeit Mney.—A woman nomed Mary Mo- Kewer, and Thomas Martin, were arrested on Wed- evening, by officer Ulark, of the Ninth ward, on » of pasting or attempting so pers oanterftelt, od bi the Back of og yt enn Yan. It seoma that the accused partics went into the dry goods store No. 242 Bleecker street, and ia ent for sono offered the $5 billin question. Mr. Ramueys informed them that the bill was a counterfeit, and told them net to offer it again. The parties then lef, aad ceeded to Mr Janes’ store, No. 876 Bowery, whore oan offered the same bill in payment for goois pur+ chased. and were both arrested at the ation of Mr. Rumneye, who bad caused them to be followed and de- he prisoners were conveyed before Jastive Mo- ae who committed them to prison for a farther ing. Arrest of House Robbers.—Two fellows, known police ae John Sattery and John Soott, were srmire Meet on achargs of feloniourly enteriog hs dwel- ing house No. 450 Third avenue, oooupled by “Irn Uatha- rine MoUoy, and stealing therefrom a few 9 tioles of Jewelry, The police on searching Sattery, fount several tkeleton keys. a pick-loek, and other instrum-uts used by houre robbers. the person of Boott ths stolen were found. The accnaed paccies were che MeG@rath, who eomw't'+d them Stealing Clothing. —Ofloer Pendergast, of the Fourth dt, on w® charge of stealing @ lot of wearin, sp trom, residing at No, 160 Washington street. Whei rinomer was arrested, a coat and other articles ng ing to the complainant were found on his person, taken, Jonn Roars’ Bis. —At a recent Conference by John Ro- flames, was of the mar Oon ference by a ‘