The New York Herald Newspaper, October 16, 1851, Page 6

Thr Effects in Spain of the Cuban Invasion. Opinis: 6 ef the Madrid Press. {From Ri Heraido of Madrid, on 14h The ccnduct of the government of the Union ro- Jative to the invasinus of the island of Cuba—the demonstrations in New Orleans in tavor of the pent who fell into the hands of our troops—the ealt to our flag in the person of our Co: show ws that which we cannot conceal that a war with the United Staves is inevitable. We will ngt fix he time when it will begin, because it depends on a pot “ip jither, if re at pent patanes Tents » el » if itis near |, because it is te be preeumed that the satisfactions of the Washi ton government may avert it; but what we are ab! to ate, without fearing a mistake, is that the government cf the Union, weak inthe organ- ization of ita citizens, will bo submitted, by will or by force, to the almost revolutionary excita- tions of the most unteacbable portion of the South- ero cmgry ond tah Se 2 ry contrary to what is ed by the te of the of all pations, 1s will terse us not onl: Fah es tg ations, but to hostile demosstrations. ‘The reason of our prognostication is ia the ycondition of de- mocratic governments, and especially in the con- dition of the Unitra States gove tence of which has besn offered as toleration with which they have iooked at the editions against tne isand of Cuba. It is 6) condition of deavcratic governments that the true public opinio+, tormed by persons of intellect, position and fortune, disappears before that public opinion whieh clsmwors and proclaims itself in the Streets with orics of sedition, and arrays itself against all sentiments of justice when its tendencies fo avarchy and pluder fiad a formidab'c obstacle. And asébis false pubive opinion is powerful, because it threatens governments, we bolieve that it will gervall, later or soover, in the United States, and goverment vt tnat country will follow the way thus indicated, altnuugh at the end they find an, abyss mco wach they ron the risk of Poing Precipitatea We fiatter ourselves that are in the United States sensibl and uewspapers of ime, not aeoc criminal projects of the annex a8 we do ourse!ves the ina Mont; bat the sestiweut of these pe! fame of these papers represent only reasoa, and ia it that constitutes fn ac’ prohibited by the laws, or the number of criminals! But we may gofartber. When the crime is appalling— when 1t calls for more rigor—when it is ‘rare, or more frequent—when the criminals jot nu- merous, and consejuently exposes themselves, or when tbey are in g eat numbers, hope to com- mit crime with impunity—let as call polisy to our aid, let u? call logic, and the pria i minal Jegislation, and we shall see that ber of the pirates had influenced the (i. Cuba, who has only been sevore, withou : going be- yond the penal prescriptions that have been adopt- ed by the legislation of all countries. Look at this contrast! While the papers of which we are just now speaking accuse us of inhumanity, other foreign journals have maintained that had ‘we used our strict rights, instead of shooting the fifty pi- rates we should have condemned them to the of irates or not ? nominy of the gallows. The invaders of Cuba—are the: Happily, it suffices us to look at the English papora | in order to prove that they are sush. jut if it was still doubtful, we would ask what are interna- tional rights, and what is a pirate? A pirate is one who on the seas without authority to carry the flag of a civilized State. Who gay and his followers a flag? If the govern: United States gave it to them, it would been obliged to have given them its preeten ; and that protection was no; conceded to thom. Af with it they would not have been called pirates, what rigbt had they to any consideration when in- vading s foreign territory, and attempting a revolt against @ legitimate goveramen:! And if the; have been seized as pira:es, as thay were such, ha’ ht to defend ourselves against them, and not only this right of defence, but of pun- ishing their attempt! And then, what imports it that there were teh 9 fifcy, or a thousand, or two thousand, who had been taken? Ail must have paid wo not the with their lives their unheard-of zeal. A great quantity of blood has beea shed, itis true; but much more would have been shed if we had not been severe, because the impunity of the first expo- dition originated the second. Severity, we have said in one of our previous numbers, is, cases, necessary ; and the fact of their having da veesel in ord i @ pilot for t irpose of disemba- island, gave grounds for the execution of the fift for without that circumstance the isand woekdnct have been invaded. Feason 1s nut Ustened to voice of the crowde. The crowds, be vie- Rorivus, and the war inevitable, « jo not be Nieve that the governmens of the Uniou will ap- | Frove the ideas of (be crowd. | But war does wot intimidate us. How can it frighten us, when We aree@ble to gain very ow te it, and have motbn g tr loge! We do not apprehend, either that the provweation, will be given by us ‘The only ching to which We pretend, is to give alarm, in order that the Spanish governmei should at once mese some preparations for the events which threaten it. especially the steam re—give order: xe construc Zion of some larg: suips of war, and seni, if it is opportue, more buidic es to Cul it is for these ob- jects that we would rec mmend preparations. It ‘Possible, however, :bat we cannot possess a navy | equal to that of the United States; but we shall mot offer formal avai battios. No; the privateers will make the war, sui our veasels wi! protect and guard tbe turtified ports, aad leave the Coasts when the tuccers of av expedition will be se- cure. In warfare we nave an immense advanti over the U. States; m ruch% menner that we shall Offer letters of marque, wich t profits, to those who wil! ack for thew We will tind privateers, not opiy amongst the Cau alans and Mayorqueers, who @re the best in the woriu, bu; iw Cogland and in the Philippine archipelago, aud in great abuadance pmongst the Jolvanve, who, in consequence of our | Jast «xpedition to cheir islands, have teen deprived | of the profession o: corssirs. And thus we will | encounter the peopie of tac United State: for the rivalry of commerce ; cvvetousae se is a bad adviser, and will cause certum sentiments, whic i with their interes, to be forgot And thea what will the goversue: t of the United States do? What will become ot tbe comm try’ [ts vessels will euec dian and Chinese sens, the coasts of the Usw paralyzed, and their endaogersd And wos Nothing, absolutely vo ai 7 escort their mercbus' poe be ir military Ravy isnot very nuwerous. [tis comp'otely im- FW vensed to preserve ver comme cial trade, whea | it is necessary to prute :t it by these hervic auxilia- ries. Bat this is not the + uly damage that we cancause the United Scares; | them of their trae » key of the Meax Vent their Veseels tue Madrid and Ceuta ‘will find a blockade, (+ Sheir submission or surir rui jncrease our sjuadron, | oppoee to itt ey will manage to edag in fact, the nited States of waich will bo 1 serve to | | to the future, those who believe in What astonisbes us most, is to see some papers of a nstion which never knew or practised clemen cy in cases similar to those waich have lately hap poued to us, accuse us of inhumanity. When have the English ever allowed pirates to go unpunished? ‘When bave they showed any clemency for them? | From the captain to the most humble ship's boy of @ pirate vessel, all, without excep:ion, hav: suf- fered the penalty of their crime when they fell into | | the power of the English. Blood was not shed. it | is true; bu: it is because on the gallows the blood | is not shed. “But no less than dfty have beea | shot!” it is remarked of ur. Yes, fifty; and we | presume that there will be more, because all the irates have not been yet arrested. But the Lag- lish have, at one time, hung more than fifty pi- rates, and they cannot reproach us with the execu- tion of the fifty in Havana. It is twenty years | since that an English vessel, having seized one of the pirate vessels called Mussulmans, which ia- | fested the Antilles, and attacked the ships of every pation on the high seas, executed all who were on board. The pirates numbered ceventy-four mon, d hey were bung in Jamaica. What woald the | English have said, if they had been acoused of cruelty? They would have had recourse to the | laws ota universal conscience, which assigas death | to the crime of piracy, and would have c moletely vindicated themselves. Then, fultowing rhe same course, we justify ourselves completely, looking at the ex: mpies set to us by Englacd ‘We bave been clement at other times, and that sufficient, for continued clemency is io2ked upoa as weakness. Aud could we appcar as » woak na | tion, and see new conflicts arise? No; from to-day ecting tae pirates who aseail Cuba, must unders:and that those who embark in the enterprise risk their lives, aud sell them at the lowest price. [tf in the Southern | States of the Union they rail aguinst us, it is proof of aaimpotent despair; and if it is changed into Toes insults, we have efficient means of protection in the patriotic epirit of the attacked nation. (From the same paper, September 17 ] An envoy of the Amerisan governme: to the island of Cuba, to take inform: events which bg” eegpetye nt in order to be of forming oa them an impartial opinion of that? Jt is citner a ridiculous boast, or a gross insult. What means that! inform the government of the United Sia ut what took place in Cuba during the invasion’ Have they the nention of judging us! Do they threatenus? Tne facts are reduced to @ few things. Some pirates Gisemburked in C fifty of them were captared; they were -bot according to law, and their bodies And ourselvos, wus! sho place of counting wnat we eh Bider what we cau gan. Our Bufler, asthato’ tne United Scat » We muss con | merce cauaot | . for to pow. | Teasons—first, sevmtse we shall not have to | fear so many enewies’ vorsair®; #0 we becaus | Our commerce ic net cv mach extended as thato | @heir country, but inexchange. Wo will maken w of our force. whicu will make us strong, thus ing #0 many jas of delsy and we willre the loases (oui + hove su tained by the lat. * ce prites of oar priva be profitable to us, veage Mufortiuate evcut- teers. You, toe war + Dy & war we shai. wai riches and fame, which we | peed. ‘Thus, we bas« rutuwg to tear from the re- | wults of the war; wud the only thing we have to think of is, to be cae v1, nal! cases, that the pro- Poocation sbali vot c me from us For, if on the we nave all these advantages against a pation ® nich w represested aa belog more Wwerful than ourew!: +s, upon the land oar Egovare greater, becwite we ere not ink force to any nation A Fronch paper bas ¢ seed the same sentiment. on tse same subject: ** The Spaniards are ae eteeng in the war of cruize as in the war of guerilias " What force could be able to penetrate into toe island of Caba wituout being OXposed to the same puni-ument thas was iaflicted on oe postion com) € Leper’? Thirty thou- fand men woula w jclent. We can raise fifty thourand; at force, composed of disclplined aod d soldiers, who are beaded by chiefe. or ¢bom ‘t is enough to say that they are Spaviarde. in order he, brave aud beld, ee wed adventurers trom tbe Uni od of any European /aion may bave Lopes, that the thing from the o + or the troops ‘ nyo of eo wo. by the last ox tien of vf of Texas is another + of & Spanieh poercation, vidiers kaow how to reeist d forces. uber. Let us euppose-—par sitton—that an army from tho bie to disombark in Cabs sud forces, What wlll the United Toe Moro aod Cabana, inao tack, will give ® shglter to wiaod; and from thefe they sheet of paper, to raise 000 ‘oer, who would ~— . tte vee + ge be not — e uid lose, pe, or precieour whi Bre o® bat thoy would and of Cuba, and repulse our Morely ured in order to give greater force vo vur argon: nts Let our wnt consider well all thie, and allow te road marked by the march of letthem net make any more conces than are requis»! by the ational boner. Lat them avow that toe war is inevitable, and good for jet them prepare for it, sad the sooner ; ready remarked, i see the govern- mont cf the United States carried away by the ple, who want to revenge the pirates shot in Eo There revue in the public 8 foeling bo to af op; ct ma £ larations ef their pretetsions, @how themectves to be imbued with the d tien to protect the wiand of Cada a Glass (f pirates, bave siteady prod © ail the nations o. mey nge in Madrid, bat the ereste, we pud with ly, pa risa ths isla.d of Unby b itde one+, of ¢ arse of ivbamsoauy ia tae # scott © cane: tide etand and ait a P ih without fo @ the of logic. Wha: do ae mean by prose an gio—the # mple ovinvels of vom 10 5 | ‘bat otber things had received a burial. Thatis all. But let us suppose pened; let us suppose tbat their death bi wen more igrominous, coat they Were sbot without @ previous trial, avd that their emus bad been dragged along the ground, as bas beer ca'unmniously stated in several papers of New York and New Orleans. What is there astonis ‘x that!) Who can condemn oar manner of treating pirates’ Are they pirates? [id thoy belong to auy pation? Under what flag were they protected’ And «bat is it to us,on the other sido, whet the information of the Am in envoy be favorable tous or not? Is be our judge! Have we to sub- wit ourselves to his sentence ' Can we hope from him anything te justify our conduct! Ifthe gs- verrment of the United States had desired wo pro- | ceed ‘n the main question, az the gorernment ef acourtry where the rights of nations are respected, would buve done, in piace of sending now an in- spector to the island of Oubs, they would have sent bum to New York and New Orleans, to provent, at { least for their honor and not to lose tae rack conceded , B' to them by the civilized nations of Europe, the or- nee at these pointe, of a poe expedition ageipet # friendly country. Such was their daty— @ duty imposed upon them by the law cf cations by civilization, morality and honor. Wbatthey do Dow, is to admit the Sot saspicion with which and be beyond the con- very government owes to itself acd those which they owe to others. (Prom La of Kept. 14) The unanimity wi reigns in all the Spanish press. in respect to the manner of judging the events of Cabs, aud the conduct of the government of Washington, is for us s guarantee of the successive resuite of thie important question. The Spanish ministry have now to look at this subject in s di- plomatic point of view. The conduct of the goverm ment istraced. The rege of a new expedition of pirates from any of the ports of the American Ucion, must be red as aninevitabie cums bls. Webave suffered sufficient outrages in «l- lence, avd we say that, because wo do not know the ee, taken br our geome dn jae & just reparetion. be neral curiosity pon tbat im; Levent, in which aro interested the moet noble sentiments of people who aepire only to be re+pevted by others, having been alla yed, we were Gillrd with pleasure ic reading the manifest«ce which Sapearet, ¢ day before yesterday, ic the peper which is considered to be the organ of the ad- ministration. We have nevor, fora single moment, doubted the firmness and the patrictism of the ac tasl advisers of the crown At the opening of the Pailiament, will be sble to give an explane the S the past erent. tion, perm tted State. of Aster ail the ha:isual and foroi ve spoken Raced ¢ seaudal before lute silence would be | of that q wetion, heving the eyer uf Earope, an perbaype interpreted by the Anglo-American mer- | chante as a ign of wi ortanately, wo ere rot ‘m thet cage, aod we chould desire that the orgace of the government manifest, as scor ar pessibie, their sentiments, without violating the tulee of pradence. (From the same paper, of Rept. 10) ‘The clamors and vexations of the snnexlonleta have taken such coloezal proportions that the go- vernment bas theught necessary to raise ite vol in the midst of the tumalt, with the object, n0 | donbt. ot calming the clamcr; and having ne more efficacious moane of attaining ite alm, it caused t be pub iehed, in almost al! the papers, what we ro- j produced im our number of Inst Sgnday. } Vor the better uncerstandiog of these lines, we bimk it necesrary to publish the commentaries of the Natioead Intdlizencer of Washingron, whirh le cor sidered the organ of the adminlstri [Here La £epana reproduces the article pub- lished, on the Sch of inat August by tie Jntelli- | qmuir, in Virtuo of an express muthor!zation of the (ance Stace, sending to & Pa: ker, io ao diploumat:e charac’ tir the Nutinul Incdligencer states be trac, the qnestiou wonld b acived. (f the govern- men’ of tre United wieh faithfaily to exe cute ‘be trenti caare to be 0» all will v¢ coreit tinw verved, the r the Vow Mates tl felati me and tt means of gaia y hos gore far irg lac ® , io want of elncgrity th ° ebare used: tr @ & grout t rt t f ozpe «< piewtes who embarked | a tu understand bow such | in Europe. by one noqualated . which would oxelto « laugh m querticn | © Harana of Commodore confided te big, were not | receding diplomatic Pea that the Angio- | government has taken that step. All | that @ontrintes to put the facte ia their @ point Of 10W Maust be satisfactory, becauce by 4 wae jw td t t and the m ly in unison with we ure not | of our brethren of the Antilles should be pu ‘which the unjustifiable invasion of Cubs has & Commodore | A tive of our cause will be entirely shown, and it also lay bare te aman of falsehood which been practised such coolness by # certain por- tion the prees of the United Banas, ” The statements of our correspond York, and the papers of that city, both uaite to dispel all the doubts that might have been eater- tained of the vexations euffered by hor Majesty's Coneul at New Orleans, and reveral Spaniar established in that city. ‘This isan episode of the | great question, and must not bo confounded with at; it will doubtless be treated separately. Our flag has been insulted, and it is right aad necezsary | that we should have suitable reparation. Cur | countrymem have been vexed and injured in their persous ard interests, and it is indispensable that this should be atoned for to them. The govera- ment of the United States cannot refuse the ono nor the other. The question which it has lately brought up in its claim against Portugal, for the loss of @ vesse! at a remote period, and that claim, too, of certainly doubtfal justice, is for us a gua- raatee that no trouble will be attoadant upon what we now ask, and that this affair will be speedily We imagine that her will bas lent in New d satisfactorily adjusted. Mojest "s Minit at Washington has already taken the first step in this important matter. Besides, no person of ordiaary common sense and reasoning facuities could ever imagine that Euro) looked with indifference at this unheard of ecandal | at the bands of a raving cunaccne: whioh, not ¢ on- tent with the vast territory which it already pos- sesses, covets those of others, employing for the | furtherance of thi: object means more sanguinary | and cruel than those employed by a highwayman to despoil the travelles. For Europe there is here & question not only of important natioaal interest, but also of inviolability of possession, and pnblic order. The greater part of Anglo-American com- | merce is carried on by means of foreign capital, | principally Englisb, and this eapital would be com: pletely destroyed or neutralized the day on which Lecessity would oblige us to have recourse to arms. It is not within the lunits of possibility that a band of ruffians should be left arbiters and masters of so many lives and so many fortu From La Nacion, Sept. 15, 1851) Three days since we referred to the tumultuous meeting held at New Orleans by the accomplices of the expedition of Lopez. We recommended, on that occasion, that our government should represent to the American government the right it bas to the inviolate possescion of its territory; and that it should alzo demand satisfaction as open and mani- fest as the insult to our ntative in one of the ports of the Union, had been great, should the ac- | counts that have circulated through Madrid prove to be true. We have now no longer any doubt of the inten- tions of the gevernment; and while we have no rea- son to believe anything to the contrary, we believe and trust that such a course will bo followed as will | raise the henor of the Spanish nation and the res- | pect due to its flag in the esteom of the world. We trust, too, that we shall thus give other powers a roof that if, from a diversity of causes, our empire | as declined so much, we still preserve the novle and proud feelings that distinguished our ancestors, and that these same feelings will never allow us to suffer the most insignificant outrage against the chivalrous and high tempered Spanish nation. We have, too, onour side the sanctity of our cause | as an auxilii Be We have with us the just pro- scriptions of the international law that regulates the intercourre of nations, while we can also place in the balance certain political considerations that turn | the scales complet in our favor. | We do not think that, at the point to which things have come, it is permitted our government to be satisfied with merely a contemplative course; | for if it isin some cases useful and necessary to fol- | lew a lenient and enduring line of comes, in others auch @ course degenerates into what is called the degradation ofa nation; and wnat country suf- fers such an affront? ’Tis surely no: that which battled seven centuries, and never rested till it saw the disconsolate Bobadil cross the Straits; nor that | which at Levant destroyed all the maratime power of the East, nor that which at Pa- | via apd Saint Quentin forced Francis 1., and his most glorious generals, to deliver up their ewords; nor that which from 1808 to I8i4, wag armed to # man, and nevor sheathed a sword until it had driven the imperial eagle beyond the Vi- dagoa, and forced it to seek for repose bohind the tortifieations of Toulouse. That every State from whose bosom hordes of pirates are now rushing forth against Cuba—tbat re public which bas tolerated the idea that the property licly divided—that government which has allowed the open and universally known enlistment of eoldiers, the purchase of mu-kete and military stores, for such @ criminal enterprise, snd which has leat ive cannon to strengthen the attack of Bahia Honda, bas reagen to remember that the Spanish nation does not euffer a sbamefal humiliation it doubt lees believes that the time of Charles Ii]. is past, end that we no longer bave thirty men of war to tend to the canal of Bahama; but the circu stances vn this cage are clear and well dofined; and shoald it come to the worst, the lion of Castile would not bave to put forth hisclawe against the stars that symbolize the Pluriius Unwn It is now three years since the territory of North America served as a place of refage for those who Would revolutionize Cuba. Acts lave been com- mitted which it is no longer permitted us to over- | look, for we would forfoiteur title to the esteem of Lurope and the world, that are anxiously expecting the stand that weare going to take in this emer- gercy At present, 20 ono is alarmed on account of the enmity of the United States againt Spain. On the contrary, there isa ‘feeling that it is true | that wo should make ourselyos be r 5 and capected; | when the goverument at Waehington shall koow our decision, it will doubtless take measures to oblige ite delegates in other States to act far dif- ferently from what they have horetofore done ‘The country at largo has a right to expect of the | overpment & worthy and honorable esolation of the terious complications and the grave questions to givenrise Wilitbe such ae it oughtto be? This | | will depend on the energy shown by the honorable | Secretary of State. {From the same paper, Eeptember 18, 1851,] Yesverday we received newspapers from New York, up to the S0ch ult. — It ig impossible to read, without the most profound indignstiwn, the outrages which have been committed in various parts of the Union, the peréons and property of divers Span- iarde, the ove being maltreated end the other devas | gi; tated by @ mad and blood-thirsty populace, burning | to revenge the just punishment suffered at Havana by s part of the Vandals who left their dens to carry desth end pillage to the Cuban shores. Sach fuch acts of iniquity, to be expected oaly et the hands of @ eavage people, demand a just and cflica- cious reparation; | diate revenge. | fase to wee country, whieh cannot look on in silence at the con- bay, more theo repsration—immc- Ths aeons thet would re- it would be execrated by the whole tinued inenlte heaped upon its flag, its repreeenta- ieariataas At etree ea woul! be o crime of high treason to the ‘We desire that our peme id not be convemned aod d-epised—that our flag eheuld not be trodden uoder foot—that our national colors should shine to tbo epes of the world, bright and pure. Never did any goternm have ¢o glorious and patriotic « mission. lever did any country have an i tunity to reclaim its rights with more force and en- orgy than curs. We shall not so lower ourselves a2 to beecmme & by-word in the world for all that is contemptible. % us not abdicate our Sal ride mad e efhonor; and lot ue not rom our valor—thet valor proved and tried sinee the birth of our time-honored momarehs—for if wo hades of so many thousands of noble rat Toes that once shone co brightly, would tise up egatnet us (Prom the Bpea. Sopt. 16} The question of Caba is the engrossing topic of the day, and one towhichfwe cant bat revert. We will (hen for the preeent forget all party differonces and intestine quarrels. to fix our attention upon e jon not only national, but which hae sow be- 7. We are #worn one- fn clamor. he policy impotent war crice and t. We knowhow soeds peace and re- elers, we rust tot shut our eyes We mutt not dread overstepping the ome and loo'.'ng openly aud boldly t United Statee of onecqucnse of thie is t ur porserstons he agsinet the 7 do not know if isto b atraged two years; if the p r tthromt trymoy have enfiered; uf the od States f« to give birth w new oturere; if satisfaction for the pact, ond soffielont gaarantce for the prevent be refused: hen let war come-~iet it come, with all its calem! , | the estab | ratical act | getically destroying the , from their governments, to proceed in concert with | he speaks of the equadron of the United States as + graduated at be ifeare ios wud all (te disasters, but not without [ts gicrige | Paa*da- ky for a nation as proud and ‘warlike asthe Spanish nation. At allevents, if we are to see ourselves obliged this day or the next to draw the sword, we will prepare for such an event. Even should it not tuke place, the situation of our colony im periously required important measures—these admit oot of an indecent delay. At this hour, ten thousand mep, destined to reinforce the arms of Cuba, must be wail in the ports of S; All the steamers not absolutely needed for home service must pro- ceed to augment our squadron in the seas of the Antilles. The events that have just transpired bave demonstrated that large sailing vessola are almost useless in these regions, in the caso of a war such as the pirates of the United Scates are wag- ing against us. What the necessities of tho caso demand is, small steamers to render impossible dis- embarkments that cf the Pampero. As far as the events of which the Island of Cuba, has been the th » are concerned ; as far as re- ards the clamors aroused in America, and even in Europe, ,by the execution of the pirates ; we have not) to aay in defence of the Spanish govern- ment or th nish nation. However deplorable the ehedding of blood may be, it bas been in this instance a fatal necessity ; and it must fall back drop by drop on every one. It is on the inhabi- tants of the United States of Amorica, those pirates who bad gone to invade a peaceable, quict, and flourishing country, had beforehand di’ d amon, themselves the estates of it inbabisants ; they ha been their security in this undertaking. Tose pirates who went fo carry devastation and blood to a vation, its friend and ally, woll knew that before lishment in Cuba of a republic, or before the annexation of that island to the United States, it would have to pass iheengh a crisis no less dreadful than that of San Domingo. Some of them, reviously forgiven by Spain, had been outlawed y their own government. Themselves, the sum of all nations, the liberty which they proclaimed, was the liberty of piracy and pillage. Each ons | of these facts alone, would be sufficient to justity | their sad end. The United States did not require | so much to shoot the English offivers, who in their last war, led the Indian tribes of America that struggled for their liberty, and for the preserva- tion of the land where they were born. Nor was there so mach to justify the conduct of Engtand, in the reeent insurrection of the Sonic isles ; and yet she punished many with death and traasportation, almest all those who in Cephalonia sought to sbake off the protectorate of Great Britain. The cranes government then, would act in- consistertly Jwith the dignity due our country, were itto give any satisfaction whatever for its conduct. The duty of Spain is +o demand it with- | out srogsnen, but with a sentiment of her right, | and with a firm determination to obtain it and maintain inviolate, the honor of this nation. (From the Orden of “a¢rid, September If, 1851.] | Yesterday, alluding to letters from London, writ- ten by persons well informed and deserving of the fullest credit, we stated that the British government bad hastened eure orders to its naval forces in the Antilles, to the effect that in urison with the French and Spanith squadrons they should seek, by every moans ia their power, to prevent any expedi- | tion, on the part of pirates or others, proceeding from the United States, for the purpose of revolu- tiovizing the island of Cuba. Lord Palmerston, re- | an notes received formerly at the foreign office from the cabinet of Washington, touching the unfavorable situation in which the federal govern- | ment appeared to be to repress the exse:se3 and pi- | which had so greatly alarmed Europe, declares that the government of Quoen Victoria bave sent orders to the British squadrons to oppose, by all the means in their power, the perpetration of acts of which the historical annals ofthe nineteenth century afford but few instances. England could not but foresee the disastrous consequences incident upon the continuation of a | state of things repugnant to every man of loyalty | and honor, and in direct opposition to the funda- mental principles of the law of nations On the other hand, the cabinet of St. James has not for- otten what took place recently in Canada,where it | ad to sustain the rights of the British gation, ener- | rult se rebellion ; | nor has that government who fostered those seeds, | for it is a fact univer: kaown England has not forgotten, nor can sae forget the iniquitous | jurisprudence, followed everywhere by the aunexa- | tionists. Besides, independently of these and other | considerations of the most engrossing and absorb ing interest, she las already perceived what | | which they owed to ‘The Hungarian Extle Patriots. THE HUNGARIAN EXILES ON THEIR WAY TO NEW BUDA TO THE PEOPLE OF THE WEST. In the vast sea of the events, in which nations are rising and sinking, there is no more sublime spects- cle than that of a country affecting the civilization In the history of the Huoga- rian nation there are two events in which this been pre eminently the case. ‘I'he first of these po- rieds was when Christies and civilization rood 4 in their ii » and were threatened by the Saracens with anxibilation. In that period ary served a3 @ bulwark against the flood of barberism sweeping from the East. The second was in more modern times—when the perjured House of Hups- burg endeavored to crush the spirit of freedom in Central and Southern Europe, and when Hungary stood up against the dospot to assort her rights and manfully do battle in the cause of freedom; at the same time, in the spirit of true republicanism, electing the simple citizon Kossuth, Provisional Governor, confiding to his care the issue of the great etrife, the sovereignty of the people, and the princi- ples for which they contend The great injustice of the House of Hapsburg Lothringen had thoroughly exasperated the Hun- garian people—to such # climax had it reached, and driven them to open resistance. There was no class or rank in society which bad not been ea the with the desire of freeing f from the yoke of oppressor. The peaceable peasant quitted his plough, the artist his study, the merchant his counting house, the monk his monastery, and took up arms in defence of their dear country. There never was a nation which had taken up arms ina juster cause During the entire period of the reign of the House of Hapsburg, the Hungarian peopl had been sub- jocted to every form and species of oppression. Tho formerly great and powerful Hungarian nation whose sous bad freely ched their blood to prop up the tottering throne of Hapsburg; the plunder of the gold, silver, copper, iron and salt of Hun- ary, sufticient to satisfy the cupidity of this ithiess House; it also taxed the people exorbit- antly, established lotteries uader the protection of the state, by which it realized an enormous revenue ; made a low, contrary to the Hungarian constitu- tion, by which it was enabled to confiscate private property at anytime and ander any pretence. They committed thevv ontrages, against the freedom and well being of the p2ople, partly to satisfy their cu- pidity, and partly to enable them at any time to stifle the least tendency to liberal principles, which might exhibit itself. modern times, under the reign of Ferdinand the Fitth, who signed the new coastitutior, but war bimeelf the first to break it, the entire country at his instigation, was inundated by hordes of Serbs, Croats, Wallachians, and others of the uncivilized | tribes which surround Hungary; they laid waste fields, burned dwellings, butchered men, women and children, not so mush because they were guilty of crime as that they wore Hungarians. God in his justice, however, caused the Hungarians, unta- tored in war, to be victorious over the mercenary, but well diseplined troops of Austria; and this pros- perous state of affairs would no doubt have contin- ved, had the other nations of Europe as ably se- conded the people of Hungary as they had battled for themselves Had other European nations but prevonted the interierence of Rutsisn arms, the Huogarians would not only have established constitutional liberty in Europe, but prevented that ascondency of Russian licy and principles which are so destructive of freedom; which tend so strongly to the establish- meut of a despotism which is nearly allied to bar- bariem itself. Had the other powers but done justice to strug- glivg Hungary, they would be but paying a debt er ancient valor—a valor that in the darkest period of history, was the only safet to European civilization; the last remaining bul- wark ot Christianity itself. The victory of the aliied powers, obtained over the Hungarians, was but a victory obtained over the spirit of liberty in Europe genorally. It ie, however, a consolatioa to the Hungarians that they cannot reproach themselves with ao: want of sons to accomplish the object for whic they contended. To tho treacherous condact of Georgey, and the paracida! act of France, in crush- ing a sister republic, may be attributed their failuro e sustain themselves, rathor any waut of ability or bravery on their part. And now that he hordes of Austrian and Kussian merconarics have laid waste the country, desolated its hearths great inconveniences would arise if the Vandal as- | 0d pre| ite altars, Huo is but physically pirations and thirst for booty of a number of ad- poo tp morally and spiritually she 1s still ua- venturers from the market piaces of the American | Subdued. The freo press, though but a short time Union, were not firmly repressed. Frauce, too, has equally es rights to defend, and she has not been the last to pronounce in fa- vor of the repreesion of piracy. She has thu shown that she ia aaxious to preserve her Ameri- can colonies, that might one day be put up at aue tion by the epeculatofs of the Union. ‘The above facts will show our readers, that the aspect of the Cubar question is completely changed. It is now a question of public right, which not Spaia alone is called upon to solve, but in the so- lution of which the two great maritime powers of Europe are alao to participate The admirals of France and England have received strict oraers the authorities of Cuba. Our government, meanwhile, does not neglect the question of Cubs in any of the points con- nected with it. To the diplomatic tiations which bave already given such vast results, must be added the persevering solicitude with which the ministry is working for the proservation of our Pare Antilles. We have this day been in- formed, that one thousand mon have arrived at Sadiz, and are to embark in a very short time for Cuba. Forty pieces of artillery, @ la Paizhans, will accompany the first convoy setting out for those eeas. The greatest activity reigns in the department of war,and of the navy. Woe shall keep our readers iniormed of everythiog that shall be going on in this important matter. (From La Espana, Sept. 19, 1851.) The energy of the Cuban authorities has already produced sn exoullent cect on the Anglo-American commerce. Those shrewd speculators have st length andersteod that their interests would be io c perdy on the day when a formal declara- Vion of wer would put an end to ali security in mor- cantile expeditions. The United States are, in this reepect, the most vuloerable nation in the world. ‘iheir countless merchunt vessels oovor the eeas, from the East and West Indies, end the Pacific to the Mediterranean; so mush so that there is no port or harbor in the world that does not behold, st greater or loss inter- vals, their starry banner. Bat this is net the point that we at ont purpose examining. Waat we at it ¢ is to dispel a grave error which one of our contem ice seems to in, formidable. Wo repeat that this ia» gravo error, mg Sy jafavor- . We must add, ism, bh it goes op to enumerate, are to doter us from acting in vin- ication of our just rights. _ ‘Tho military navy of the United States is at pro- sent composed of seventy-one vessels, of all kinds, the moro Fo, aa it might tend to and the number of guns that these does not exceed 1,100. If we compare these with oure, the numerical differonce appears ia: ificant; ifwe take Moyet ange ep inte tion, however, our position will secn to be immensely superior to that of the United States. All the navy of the Republic would not eu! in case of war, te protect the merobast roseels inthe Moditerrancan ig the indian soar; and wo could give thom ary anil eafo chaze from our coasts of the Levant, end from cur porte in the Philippine ayy The federal army is otil! more inforior t! the navy; it ie this — compored of 19,000 men, to eustaln which, the treasury expende enormous eam of eloven millicns of dollars. This rs from the fact that thet government, which, in the eyes of these who do not know it, appeare to be a beau-ideal, and whith the demcornoy hee, for m: yeers, had presented as a mode! for all othore, established, has given her @ foretaste of liberty, which she yet cherishes in her heart, and which, at any time, is ready to assert ite claims and give evi- | dence of its power and depth, of the hold which it has taken upon the affections of pees. ‘The public addresses of her beloved Kossuth have also sunk deep into the memories of tho people. The Austrian tyrants may pte the backs of the men, women, and children of Hungary to the lash, but they caunot destroy those sentiments of reverence for liberty and right which have been called into life by the breath ofher noblest son. It is now impoesible, even by calling the power of the “ sovereign pontiff” to their aid, for the tyrants to convince the people that they reign W/ the grace of God, and have bis authority to uphold and justify them in their vilestand most criminal acts whic they think fit to og pose Another hopefor Hungary lies in the fact that Austria, incouquericg her, deprived herself of na- tional existence. She is now bat a vassal of Russia ; andthe fact of such vassalage bocomin; daily more evident, other nationsof Lurope will struggle against avy tendency which would look to- wards the preparation of alike fate for themselves. Viewing events inthis light, the Hungarians con- sider that they have still reason to hope for the ul- timate deliverance of their country. It is thiscon- viction which has upheld those of them who have been for the past two years exiies in foreign lands. It is this conviction, also, which has prevented thom from accepting that amnesty offered them by their former oppreseors. They prefer to retain their preeent freedom, rather than voluntary to beoome the slaves of tyrants. For this reason they have sought the shores of Amorica—a country, which, hevleg gained and firmly established its liberty, has become the only asylum to the exile—the enly — frour the opprossions of despotism, and the crueltics of those whoclaim the right of tyranpvy as theirs by divine authority, In taking refuge with the people of the United States, however, tho Hungarian oxiles do no! desire to tax them in order that ti in idieness. They seck only t the means to exercise that right. They lay their brokev arms at the feet of a generous people, aad only eek that the implements of industry may be ced in their hands, in order that they may work ina bigher aad nobler fiold—the of peaceful usciulness. Io going into » com; tive wilderness, there are many necessaries which cannot absolately be dis- pensed with; tents to live in until houses can be im) nts of industry, arms to kill game, provirions, and clothing for the winter sca- fon. ‘Taeve Ly A and @ volee—the voice of man speaking to his suffering brother's heart—tells them they will not be withheld. By according this boon to the exiled Hungarians, bee mee eer guna ht ane monument to tl a om miseration for humanity under ‘eesion. ‘They will aso, by thus e: s to bro- thers in need of savice and bonofit not only nol try, and their country, bo’ leo the cause of hamanity throughout the civilized 14, wherever ton are center ‘pond their ~ights endeavoring to wreet tho boon of common justice from the hands of tyrants who have dared to mono- polize what God intended should be free as the air, eommon to the entiro human eo For and in namo of tho exiled Hungarian, a their way to Now Buda, in Iowa, U.S. of Amo Captain of the late Ii noun yaad Seber ol an, ead > tary of Comitet ‘Toreotal, fiur ary. " ‘The Hog Trade of the Woot. (Prom (he Lowievike (1y.) Courier, Oct. 9) the dearcet, most ill-managed an! mort diplapida hear of no 1 movement in the ho; ting ge ment that bistory, arciont or m vol a this week, with much firmness manif makce mention of. ‘The mero fact that cach on the part of boldors, and but little disposition orory Foldior costs 22,00 roals, annualiy, is sul- | among bayers to operate. The provailing rato is Ciont to chow the diworder that rcigns in tho ad- | $460 nett, with the impression that the nambor ministration of that turbulent democracy throughout Kestuck: about equal last year's The resources of the federal cn ee amount to | prod and the quality fe expocted, from present 50 to 65 millions of dollars, preceeding from the cu® | calculations, to oxeced last year's about ten per tome, and 2 or 25 proeeedirg from the sale of public Jands and the pawot right. The central gorera- ment dave no recourve ‘6 direct ecntrivutions, ‘ooal taxes, for nll the individaal States are 2 of there, which ar homeelves, £9 ox- t that tho urs re: din thie way of an Apgio Americas will be found greater than in any globe, knglacd herself not | ehow arc enficient ¢ ut ton hich they poiat F eo great as i bolic moet ¢ the West Ind! reside nt North ) arm Howd tn calor, it ie bediev 4, Inetitation. Karty i ris, and for rome at that be omiprated to Lite. new: paper et Acnrovin the colony cf (Mar slend ver of the State of Maryland. | a pre ade all | equal te that of cent. It is estimated that the number of hogs that will be packed this season at this city and environs, | will fully reach 200,000 bead. » At St. Louis wo hear of a contract for 1.506 head, to be delivered on or before the fet of | eeomber, ar & price equal to $1 not—tho hoge to woigh QW pounds. It is stated in the fntelligenrr, “that No. 1 bogs cannot be had at the prevent stage of the market, under ¢! 0—* price at which n majo ig | ot packers and dealers are holding back. tia genoratiy belioved that the uu in the Staves of J Un average Weight cf the he W Wore from tho d, that there will bo e et packedlast year. ‘Ihe soa wil! open, and will nbtless bring into be made mercaant bably rule wit oe marky, all th able. Supertor Court. Before Mon, Judge Catupteit Qt W—The Mayer ont 8. ice, 2 1, Croke ond Lyman Condes ne an getion for rent eT dorks, beld by fe fa the Third distrtet Goeke cr phere were nod cw amphi 1g for the ¥ ed by pees, v ; ' 809 fle ay be supported right to labor, and | aber of hogs | , and bigh | ins | nants, vii tind been | roan’ fe Clty | week Our Washington Correspondence. ‘Wasurnoton, Oot. 13, 1851. Perpleving Condition of Parties in the South—Curi- ous situation of the Union Party—Plan of Unite ing the Northern and Southern Democrats on the Cuba Question—Hot work cut out for the Admin- istration. The Union party have triumphed in Georgia— Cobb is elected, Toombs and Stephens are returned to Congress, Georgia rejoices in tho compromises. Senater Berrien isteft high and dry, in refusing to rejoice. Mississippi will follow in the track of Georgia and Alabama. The South, the ultra South, the cotton States of the South, will have thus, every one of them, submitted to the adjust- ment for the sake of the Union—except South Carolina. What will South Carolina do? From the latest indications from that quarter, she is divided within horself, and cannot even co-operate within her own borders in the act of secession. She must, therefore, acquiesce in the necessity of wait- ing a little lenger. This bypothesis rolieves us of the late apprehen- sions of secession for sometime to come, and thus opens the whole South to the Presidential contest. Perhaps South Carolina may keep aloof—or throw Pa or aan 3 but Ca wi at 9 other yc open for the sweepstakes of ’52 ‘What is to be done? What is to me of this Union Bay, of Georgia, Alabama, and Mississippi —this Union party o! mhiga and democrats? Wal they remain united? if they do, they can neither go into the whig, nor yet into the democratic na- tional conventioa. Mr Toombs gives both the old parties of the North the cut direct. Asa leader of the Union party of the South, he says that neither the Northern whi nor the Northern democracy are to be trusted; for while tho former bave cowleeced with all the fag ends of abolition, infidelity and fanaticism in New Yori and Pennsylvania, the democrats have made just as re- volting a bargain with the free soilers of Massa- chusetits The Union party, then, of Georgia, Ala- bama and Mississippi, cannot meet either party of, the North in a national convention. The Southern rights party of tae said States will, of courte, keep aloot There is no other course loft fer the Southern Union coalition, ifthey intend to stick together, than an independent ticket of their own for the Presidency. ‘hey have yet another al- ternative. They mer dis3oive co-parinorship, and leave the whigs and democrats to look up once more their old party associations, if they can find them. But the moment that is done, the seco sionists will hold the balance of power Viewed in any light, the position of parties in the cotton States is full of difficulties apparently insu- roe to either of tho old parties of the North. ut there is 8 question upon which the whole South will join the Northern democrats. It is the Cuba question. Toombs and Stephens will lead the Union men, and McDonald and Quitman will rally the State rights men to go altogother for Cuba, if that is made the question; for Tombs and Stephens, and Cobb, are not the men to stand upon ceremony in backing out of a hopeless minority whon they fiad they are oe He " politicians of the South may rely upon it that Cuba will be made the ae poe on by. the South in 1852 Very soon after the meeting of oe resolutions of an Kerk J character will be offered in the House—probably in both Hou against the administration, its agente, and the course they have pursued on the Cuba question. A long and Cee debate may be expected, the ef- fect of which be to rally the whigs to the de fence of the administration, and the democrats to opposition, all over the country. The subject will ‘0 into the Baltimore Coavention. They will make tuba the question of the campaign It will unite the democrats North and South. Little Douglas is ready to adopt that platform, the young democracy of the North aro ready to support him upon it, and tho result may be antisipated. Ten thousand vic- tories in Mexico today are not worth the island of Cuba. Soott and glory will bo no match for Dou- glas and Cuba. Wasuinoton, Oct. 13, 1851. Political Affairs at Washington—Movements for the Presidency. Political affairs in this political metropolis aro becoming interesting. Judge Douglas, the “little giant,” is here, and is tar ahead of all bis democra- tic competitors in the affections of the young de- mocracy. That isthe idea—the young domocra- cy. ‘They say tha: all the old fogies, Cass includ- ed, must give way, and that the young democracy must be permitted to take the matter in hand. Douglas is their man, and his popularity is steadi- is here now, and is doubtless be wind ward. 8 are moving for Web- but it is thought that elt loove from the Pre- stor, espe ly the Mr. Webster must ident in the Cuba que n before be can to any footing atallia the South As for al Scott, it io believed that the Northera whigs have pre determined te run him on the free soil Which cuts Lin off from tae So. ‘beim to the alternative of a separat for them- elvyet, or @ coalition with tue domocrats. More by next mail Heavy bets here made in favor igier’s election in Pennsyivanii Hon. John 10 re Secession. : Bigs a le ier, re me to tag views of the a oa. John ©. Calhoun, is from Hon. Jol " Woodward, of South Carolina: . a “About seven months before his death, Mr. Cal- houn addresved a letter toa friend, on the subject: of the controversy between the North aud the South. In reference to the question what could be be says :— “Tn considering it, I serumo that the first great desire of every true-hearted Southernman, fi wo save, if possible, the Union, as well ag ourselves ; but if both cannot be, thon to save ourselves at al events, Such is my determination, ae far as lies within my power. “ Fortunately for us, the road Which leads to both, yet lies in tho same direction. Wo heve not reached the fork yet." &9. From this it will appear, that, in Mr. Calhoun’s opinion, atime was approaching when # course of oe , Or meaerter, louking to the safety of the th, and differing from that which looked to the tafety of the Union, wouid have to be w He — it fortumate that the road ed. Now, if the road had not forked before his death, be died # Union man, in tho samo eense he always bad been. If the road bad forked, thon, whether ho died & Union man, or # disunion maa, depended oo which fork he would have taken; [ say, would bave taken, for he did not live to promulgste te the world bis own purer. By the word road, Mr Calhoun meant line of policy, or jroutine of moa- eures. word implies continuity or pro! Now, I assert that during tho ‘setsion at which he died, in his estimation, tho road had forked; thet is, the time bad arrived when it was to adopt @ lino of policy looking to the of the South, distinet and divergent from any line of the Union. policy leoking to the safety o Previous to this time, I had diff opinion with Mr. Celheun on important pelea, © eited nig, or first step in nay? von bed i- es m my Constituents in Coto! ,. Thavo sald, and thon said, end etiil say, that, in taking that eourse, i adupted the course Mr. Cal- poe gee hn r. an not describe it as the ” eto the one pursued by hii fore the road had forked, (to koep “aeeeur ae. gree} because 1t was not prosiseiy oppesite to » it was, however, @ different course, aod strangely ook of the te. Wishin, clude the Mon thes, had belived. there . ‘have id have been day ¢onerast our views, I exprossed myeelf to my lotier in tae form i did. The exproe sou was, perbape, @ little frec, or, if you please, loess, but, on seconnt of the printer, | wae on- dea voting to be very briof. For tho third time, 1 beg tho public to ander Stax that my letter was desicncd to dossribe the speoch wade by mo last Cctober; and when, in m: letter, | spoko of lavieg “adopted a course,” I al- the course I then acopted, and not to my Perces previous to that time, H Which 1 rormotimes differed in opiaios @ihoun, in the fway | have heretofore J did not at firet consider the collateral £ tho oxtracts of whish the lotter i com- upoa tilogs, but after a most care- i havo been able to find out a single valet powibly bo conoteued as allading t Calhoun t Lain cuspooted of aiming to to oe Of the political parties dy whoth 8) cotton ye thi kis & mistake. Now, that « ¢ been on! od, | have aoright to afiem un would advise were bo living ofaw setlon, | have beard bin J ‘ucation should become tictate submission, a rin sic © venture aloae, if no others he would do wader existing ple must jadgo for thoms ise thom to go to reliable sour & f of Me. Calhoun as betng for or om, There no reference to aay pri vat: with or preforones So may boro entertained in vemard to union or diownion tn the abstract, but to bir poertioe, i peg Ry intention. And, | cay, that, at tho time of sis doath, his purpose wae to -_ % poll 22 forompetil ing Union. locking to the exfety of the South, with tho a uande of the oxisl- A. Woon vann