The New York Herald Newspaper, September 29, 1851, Page 1

THE NEW YORK H- WHOLE NO. 6913. ARRIVAL OF THE BALTIC, WITH ‘WERY LATE EUROPEAN NEWS. IMPORTANT FROM SPAIN. Negotiations between England, France, and Spain, Relative to the Island of Cuba, Phe Position of General Concha with the Home Government. “THE GOLD EXCITEMENT IN NEW SOUTH WALES, THE FRENCH PRESIDENTIAL QUESTION. AGGRESSIONS OF RUSSIA IN THE EAST. Amount of Balllen in the Specie Markets of Europe. STATE OF THE MARKETS, ko., &e., &o. The American mail steamship Baltic, Capt. Comsteck, -arrived at this port about seven o’elock yesterday. She Left Liverpoal about one o'clock, and discharged her pilot -at half-past two o'clock, at Bell Buoy, on Wednesday af- “ternoon, the 17th inst. Her run from wharf to wharf occupied ten days and eighteen hours. She experienced ‘a rovgh passage, with westerly winds; and from the 19th *to the 26th, encouxtered ® succession of strong gales, canda heavy head sea. Annexed are the distances ac- complished each day :— Tue Distances Rus. s. Miles. 313 295 300 800 20 240 278 ‘The following are the names of the PASSENGERS BY THE BALTIC. lady, Dr Pollet; and la: CD Smit Tat: ‘ant servant ‘Appleton, lise, Indy, two children and. two ‘ser nd and daughter, Miss Lanoso, Mise Mitch and infant, L Coles, LT Brady, Lintoa, Fh, Allen, Rf, Bon} Walnwrieh secretary and servant a Resor, A Benedict and US, W E Sanford, ter, RMadher, if C Gibson, Mr ter, Com J C Stevens, ¥acht Ch 4 lady, Mr Olderahow, J A Ste Chas Dwoter, Mr hn Teasy, Paul Tho F Dariano, M ooh, & J cD Mill tlebohm, The Baltic paesed, at 6.45 A.M., on the 19th iast., nineteen hours west of Cape Clear, the British mail steam- chip AsiaCapt. Judkins, hence for Liverpool. Our thanks are due to Mr. Canning, the gentlemanly purser of the B , for the latest news. ‘The advices from Madrid mention rumors to the effect ‘that negotiations have been entered into by the Spanish Government with the governments of England and France, for the purpose of opposing further attempts against the island of Cuba. In the Cologne Gazette, which has beem forced to aban- don all political discussion, a paragraph throws a gleam of ight on the attitude of the Elysée:— ‘The Sohwarsenburg cabinet, convinced of the necessity of smaintaining the existi je of thi ed eaer- ing has ani S came eal tarectetaar ei deatlcpowers would ve preferred fo anything tise. In comsequence of the recent disturbances, the Presi- ‘@ent of the Freneh republic has published a decree, placing the Department of the Ardeche in a state of siege. ‘ members of the legitimatist party have lef, Paris for Germany, for the purpose of consulting with the Count de Chambord with respect to the elections of ‘May next. ‘The President of the French republic laid the founds- tion stone of the new central markets of Paris on the 16th inst. There was an immense number of persons present. It is anticipated that the buildings will be completed in about six years. An important reizure of arms was made at Rome on ‘the 4th inst. at the house of Signor de Pasqualis, the son of one of the generals of the republican army now in -exile. xile. from Rome of the 6th inst. state that the Pr Accounts , in the Becret Consistory held on the previous day, shad erected three metropoiitan churches, eighieen ca- ‘and a bishopric. The Pope has ordered a re- form of the laws ands re-organization of the tribanes The ex} have been increased this year by i, francs. According tea io despatch of the 20th ult, the American frigate Tiasippt ad reached Constanti- none in order to take on board the Hungarian fugitives. It is asserted that the Porte and the British Legation have agreed that Kossuth is me to be pores ited to land ts Englend. M. Jasmagyi, che Austrian interpreter an en has been invited to be present at the libs ration, subsequent embarkation of the Kiutayeh prisoners. ‘The overland Indian mail arrived at Marseilles, on the ‘16th instant, at 6:30 P.M. The dates from Oaloutta are August 7, China, hag Ay No news of importance. Ex- al at Onlcutta, 2s. 05d. to 2s. 04d. The Pachs was wrecked, om the Zist of July, on the Formoca Bank; 16 men ¢ amongst whom are the third officer and two Srst-clars passengers. Advices from Bt. Petersburg announce the opening of ‘the railway from St Petersburg to Mowsow, on tee st August, by the peror in person, wh left at haif-past cbree re & and arrived at Moscow ateleren P.M. Berlin correspondent of the London Times gives a ook reported to nave been made by the King of Prus- Se st Freubend, in which his Majesty complains bitterly of ‘the falsehoods constantly circulated by his enemies, principally relative to his religious tendencies and those of the Queen—that they were about to tuto Catholics, Ko. Their wicked inventions. he openly confessed, pre- vent him from being so cheerful ss he could wish. ‘The harvest in the Saxon Datchiecs is reported to be very deficient; sye has already there reached the exor- . per pitant price quarter, and oats are 69 dear that the horses are frejuently fed upon wheat. Disease is also prevalent amongst the cattle, particularly ‘among swine. Ri from Athens state that the harvest of currants Das unusually abundant, whence the goverament ‘expects # large increase of inoc me from the oxport daty. We learn from Liverpool of the failure ef Messrs. Campbell, Arnott and Co., a re«pectable fiemin the South American trade. Their liabilicies are not stated, but it 4s they are rather cousiderable. The stoppage W. M, Nell & Oe., of Liverpool isalso mentioned Thoy ‘were copnected with the grain operations of Spencer, Ashlin & Co. ‘The United States frigate Independaice eniled from Gibraltar cn the 4th inst. Our London Correspondence. Loxoow, Sept. 16, 1851. Summary of the News The summary of events since my last, include some important and some apparently unimportant matters. Mere it is The Italian Congress of Potentates, with the Emperor of Austria at their head, is assembling at Verona, The King of Naples has arrived, to meet the Emperor, after ais military tour, The Pope is represented by his con- Adent, Prince Atticl ; the Grand Duke of Tuscany, the Duke of Modena, and the Duke of Parma, have arrived ‘The Kings of Wurtemberg and of Bavaria are hourly ex- Pected. There is grent hostility in thir congress against the King of @ardinia—he is guilty of liberality. ‘The news of the discovery of gold in Australia ts con" ‘Ormed, and the gold region there is eid toexeced even California in extent and riches. It has caused more of a panic than jey in the commercial world The gteat cham plot in France, got up against all de. mmooracy, and the expulsion of fi reigners, ally ii Wersls, is kept up. The President has, by proclamation, placed one of the departments in a state of siege and under mertial law. Arr without stint, en masse, and the murslirg of the liberal journals, are the order of the day in that pseudonimous republic. Deepotiem already reigns, only requiring {ts real name, whish can ensily be given by law, in @ country where law is sub. crdinate to despotic Great excitement prevails in Europe in conse: the Cuban affair. It will probably lead to th tien of Narvaen ae Prime Minister in Spxin bold measures and desper as y to Modrid ile is on a8 It is believed that Koeeuth has been lib rated and ts on beard the U & am f Mississippi, by this time, om bis wey te Southempton. Great propa ing there to recive him and the Ameri ‘ frigate howorably ‘The Queen of axing tour in the coun- try, and ise: to visit Manchester pee Liverpool reat are made for her Great preparations reception in cities, and at Manchester some of the Ltre-protestant words in “ God save the Queen,”” have been altered. and others sul m there. ‘The sale of souls ata tine— hho elie gious ae agency by Cr poof ™ iven great offence a ly of the clergy, by den; peneaniiy Of ceaination, ie tae pease ideas Queen’s church, and thereby virtually overthrowing the sacerdotal doctrine of the Apostolical succession of the bishops. A great indignation mecting of all the clergy is in consequence to be held at Derby. at whic it is contemplated denounce the coaduct of the Archbishop, and to call upon him to rerign his high office. The statutory overseer of som» Protestants in the districtof Canterbury, Mr. Sumner by name, is in ‘consequence in # bad fix. ‘The accounts of the general extension of the potato rot are confirmed, as also of the grape rot in France and Italy; in Ei the same rot, or rather blight, pre- "Diploma sas Ge the great ms are on foot among 2a European powers, and it is believed that for the ord France, England and 8psin will unite to address a stro: joint representation to the goverament of the Unit States, in respect to the late expeditions of citizens of the United States against the Island of Cuba. In the re- overt deeds, and alliance offensive against the United States, will, i be formed between these powers. reports, however, are chiefly Spanish. undoubtedly true, that a diplomatic representation will be made to the U. 8. prrane but that Hogland will proceed to any step beyond that, is not ry The government here. and body except paniards, are convinced of the good faith of the American govern- ment, and that it never has been an abettor of the ill- advised expeditions which have resulted so deplorably Still, it must not be diasembled that a strong party, both in Europe and in England, vis: all the high aristocratic party, affect to be highly indignant that the American ernment has not, or will not. use the power, eff-ctive- frond with strong hand, to put down and punish the adventurers among the people. ‘The Hon. A. Lawrence with his fami'y is now in Ire- land, to which beautiful island tours of exploration have become very fashionable of late. Itis probable that he will suddenly cut short his tour and return to Loadon, in consequence of the exciting news from Ouba requiring bis presence, in the diplomatic flurry which it has every- where joned. ‘A speck of war is beginning to arise in Eastern Asia, in the vicinity of Persia The origin of the contention ia the occupation of Herat, the King of which isjust d> ceased, Dost Mohammed is one competitor, Russia ano- ther, and Persia another. The Persian governm»nt has sent an ambassador extraordinary to England on the eubject, who has just arrived. By the latest accounts the Russians bad marched @ force of 5000 men upoa Asterabad, and had seized upon the city, from whence they were on the march in # direct line to Horat, the country in ditpute. In 1838 there was war in this s: region, in which Dost Mohammed the Russians, Pe: tians, and English were ell mixed up. On that occasion it cost the English twenty millions of money, and thos sands of lives, in the celebrated expedition of Lord Auck- land to Afghanistan, in order te keep out Ruswla,and pat the native prince on thethrone of Herat. Now it is all to begin over again. A well known character at the time, who was honored and distin, in the romantic adventure of the escape of Lavalette, on the night before he was to have | been executed, bas just died. The three heroes who accomplished that deed, at the risk of their lives, which drew down upon them the applauses of the world, were named Bruce, Hutchinson, and Wilson. He, of them, who was known and admired as Colonel Hutchinson, bas just departed this life, unknown compsratively, under | ‘the name of Lord Donoughmore. All the romaace attached to cect mae the moment he became a lord, and took upon the title of his ancestors. No one looks tor the romance of deeds in a lord ; all the charm of Grecian and Roman exploits would vanish, if they were related as the exploits of Lord Miltiades, the Earl of Themostocles, Viscount Scipio, and Coun: Hanibal. He assumed’ a poor title by becoming the Earl of Donoughmore, and dropped a great name wh:n he ceased to be called Mr. Hutchinson, the gallaat libe- rator of Lavalette. w. The Gold Exitement in New South Wates. | FOUR DAYS LATER NEWS FROM SYDNEY—H(STORY OF THE GOLD DISCOVERIES—THE EXCITEMENT. From the London Times, Septembor 15 } Much interest was occasione1 in the city to-day, by the arrival of with six days’ later intelifgence from the Aust: ld regions. They were brought gol by the Teviot steamer, slong with the advices published ¢ day before yesterday, but did not reach town uatt last evening. The dates thus furnished extend to the 24 t appears that the discovery way mad by a H. Tiargraves. He travelled over the district about sixteen years ago, when the scenery, mited extent the foatures, of the country msde en impretsion on his mind. Latterly he visited Califoraia, and. while in the gold regions of that country, was rtruck with their resemblavce to the wilderness which he had seen in Australia so many years before A resistless desire to return and explore for gold then took possession of him,@nd he “could not rest untilhe had fatisfled it by a personal seacch,”” which he at length ac- complished, altbough under difficulties and privations, the reeult being, according to his words, the disclosure of “unbounded wealth” to his fellow colonists. The | papere also state that the Rey. Mr. Clark, » local goslo- gist, has all along contended that not only was the pre- cious metal to be found in that locality, but throughout: the principal chain of mountains which belt the Aurtra- Hancontinent. It is added, that for some time past a shepherd named M‘Gregor had been in the habit of bripging gold to Sydney for sale, who maintali however, great secrecy Tespecting whence he gained it Mr. ves commenced his search about the | middle of January last, and after teaversing the | country for about three hundred miles, took ad- vantege of his experience in California, and selecting | & spot, proceeded successfully to work. He immediately named te place the “0; Diggins.” ‘and they have since remained in Gold district ts de- it merville creo Tt was there were about 2.000 par- gone at Ophir, and hundreds scattered in other directions everal — working in company were kaown to have secured ye returns; one individaal, who with five others had made their labor's joint stock operation, caleulating his share as about £2,000. Already upwards of £2), was said to have been gathered. taking the returns as re- presented by the mest successful diggers, Purchases of gold and gold dust had been effected on the spot to the extent of £0,000. Among the specimens transmitted to Sydrey,and which were being exhibited, was » lamp =— ing 40), ounees grees. 4 to be almost entirely virgin gold. The metal was raid to be distcibuted to a considerable extent in the bed of the creek, and other discoveries were predicted. Reports had been received at Sidney of gold having been found at a place called [l- Jawarra, near the yo river. Mr. Hargraves states that the gold he has obtained is quite equal, if not suze- rior, to that which he saw while in California Mr. Stach- bury, the ernment geologist, had examined the locall- ty; but his report bad not been published at the latest late In the midst of the prevailing excitement it was feared that much exaggeration might be easouraged It was represented by some that provisions at Bathurst had’ risen enormously ; others contradicted this state- ment. A letter dated the 29h of May, from that place, written by a resident who hsd visited the diggings, did not give in every Fempect the most encouraging account of proceedings. “ Where one person,” he says, “is lacky and finds £20 or £30 worth id in a single lamp fatty perrons ave scarcely earning 10s. a day, and forty-nine not more than than the cost of their rations.” Distress and ricknoss were also apprehended from the nature of the climate in the mountains and the severity of the winter when it should set in. The “gy question, however, weakens his warning by the tement that durin onty two days he was at the diggings he ob- tall id to the value of between £5 ani £6. Sub- i & copy of a private letter hand sd to us by Messrs, joined ‘hillipps, Shew, and Lowther, from the captain of th» ‘Thomnas Arbuthnot, the vessel by which the present in- telligenee was brought to Pernambuco, whence it his reached England by the Teviot. His statements show the serious way in which every branch of the labor mar- ket is likely to be deranged: — Burr Tomas Ansctivor, Prawastnveo, August 20, 1851 Gentlemen —I_ suppore you have had ramors of the extensive gold ficlds discovered in New South Wales. causing as sudden a revolution as [ believe ever could hare visited any country. ‘The colony te completely paralyzed. Every man and boy who is able to litt s shovel is off, or goi off, to tl diggings Sta tions are in man; ¥ parts completely deserted ; con- sequently sheep and oattl re left to go aad do as they like, Nearly ¢ jole of food has gone up, in son e cages 200 per cer seeing that @ great roduo- tion in the grain crops next reason must ensue for want of laber, it will necessarily follow that maintenance for ind beast will be both cares and. high. No doubt there will be extensive emigration from all parts of Europe, when cnce the news gets wind We have on board about £300 worth of Australian t shipped from the colony. It urchased (in fact, dug up before their eyes) by four genticmen, managing partners of different mercantile firme in Sydory. Tt ie all in lumps, nearly pure, the largest weight 4 Ibs , lees 208, When this was brought down there was & large amount at Dathuret waiting for a military escort, which the people were in hopes the government would allow to them. What wo have on board was brought down by four gentlemen, they bolag armed to the teeth I had great difficulty in getting away from Sydney Aithough T promised my crew double wages, some oie oF feven left me esroon eaffnir became knowa. Fore. seeing what would most likely be the case, I got a steamer | between Important from Spain, THE INTELLIGENCE FROM CUBA—IMPORTANT DIPLO- MATIC + MOVEMENT-—FRANCE, ENGLAND, AND § iN. is Madrid Letter, Bep ry. oe phio announcing the — i naam of the Lopes expedition, ia the THE MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY OF HER MAJESTY TO THE MANIST RI Is fs known b; ed Py Lopex P, official accounts t had disembarked on the The re anon the lon, *™ I mentioned in my last letter how decidedly the French government had coms forward in support ‘of Spauish ja- terest in Cuba, and that Iwas not aware what our g0- Mader wp would do in this matter. I mow learn that in the Cuban question, but have, very an politically, caused as much to be signified to the Spanish governmeut, which. when it is considered that it is the unanimous Rolioy of all parties here, without exception, to retain Cuba at all costs, shi eny rate that Lord Palmerston sets very little value on — any in- fluence that may have bee! segs y the British Bn- oy at this Court. Itise ite notion im some quar- ters that Spain must lose Cuba, and perhaps the aatici- pation of the loss is not regarded with feelings of vo great regret by such parties; nevertheless, it might e: ly be shown that no one object of British policy would be promcted by # change which would substitute the stars a1 stripes of the American Union for the banner of Castille. The anti-slavery cause would certainly not be promoted by it. The present Captain General, General J. Concha, is believed to be de- sirous to repress the slave trade, and gradually to ex- Hegceh Aeros itself; but annexation would mike it, to all present appearance, perpetual Then, again, ths Spanish government have drawn upon the surplus reve- nues of Cuba to the amount of eighty millions of pare which, under the most favorable circumstances, it wi! probably take two yeurs or more to pay off; ani should this source fail, the bank, and other parties who have taken the bills, must be indemnified out of other reve- nues; and it may be judged what chance there would be of the pes age vem of the public debt being fuldiled under such circumstances. The F nya putting down of the Aguerro insurrection, and the destruction of the Lopez expedition, will perhaps give a breathing time to Spain, which, it is to be hoy will be used to place things in better order in this ialand and her other colonies. One practical evil has been the division, and often op- ‘ition, of the colonial powers. Thus, in Cuba, the ‘aptain General finds his every 4 counterbalanced by the Superintendent General, who at the head of the finances of the island, by the Commander in-Chief of the aval department, and by the head of the julicial de- rtment. General J. Concha, on arriving at Cuba, found imeelf so hampered (the parties being frequently nominated on the same principle as at one time re- gulated the appointment of Chief Secretaries of Ire- land, viz, that were to“look after” the Lord Lieutepant) that he demanded to have supreme powers conferred upon him over every other au- thority, and forwarded his resignation to ‘his brother, Don Juan Concha, the diplomatist, as the alternative. ‘The breaking out of the rebellion prevented the resigna- tion being sent in by Don Juan Conchs when it arrived bere; but it is understood that the present Cptain Ge- eral will not remain except on that condition, which, from the recent language of a 1 journal, the Popular, will probably be agreed to. It is said to be uader contemplation to raise the governors of Cuba and the Philippines to the rank of viceroys, and al4o to ervate a re ministerial department for ths colontes. the new Colonial Secretary to be assisted bya Consultative Junta, compored of the members of the colonial section of the Council of State; to be increased to nine Spanish mem- bers of royal nomination, and six colonial ditto, each named by the Queen from a list of three candidates for- ty lth | warded by the Governor, on the proposal of the colonial merchants and proprietors, Something of this kind will very likely be ultimately adopted, and if this lead toa beiter administration of Cuba, and ths fall powers given toits Governor enable him to repress the slave trade, and perhaps to promote the gradual abolition of slavery, all will have been done that can be done with aafety; for it is the heizht of folly to suppose that slavery coull be extinguished there at once, asit is that England has aay national object to gain which would be promoted by the: lcse of that valuable colony to Spain. (From a Madrid,Letter, Sept. 9.] All doubts respecting Guneral Armero’s entering the istry are now set at rest. He was sworn ia before the Queen last night. I believe that. although the predonderating feeling tn the ministry is in :avor of conceding to General Coacha the full powers be demands, and somy of the chief reforms which be has proposed, there was no uasnimity on the subject, even previous to the entry ot General Armero; and the presence of the latter, who has filled of late the post of naval commander-in-chief at Cuba in which ca- peaty be did not work very well, it ia said, with General Comeha, may prove rather embarrassing under present circumetanc+s, since it may be difficult to withstand the demands of a captain general who has successfully put down insurrection and invasion, while those demands will not be willingly acceded to by the new Minister of Marine. It is quite understood, however, that General Concha will not remain at Cuba, unless the po’ ant reforms which be considers necessary for the efiicient government of the island be granted him. [From a Madrid Letter, Sept. 10.) ‘The diplomatic world is occupied with the negotiations ‘rance, England and Spain, for joint ropresenta- tion to the government of the United stater, to induce the latter to act with the piracioal expedi- tions directed from its States against Cuda. In case thess desigua should be overtly fomented, an allisace, offs msive and defensive. for the protection of the rights of nations on this question, will, it is sald, be formed be- tween the three governments above mentioned. Opinions tn Earope of the Cuban Movement. (#rem the Loadon Chroaicle, Sept 16) * . ele, On this side of the Atlantic there can be but one opi- nion with regard to the gui.t of the invaders; aad there will doubtless be some persons who, looking merely at the gravity of the crime, will think that the sammicy exo- cution of Sfty prisoners was but an act of justioe—or, as the cfficial apologist of the Spanish gorernmon: terms it, © the most simple and primary duty.” We must, never- thelew, condemn this wholesale judicial massacro, ‘The extreme ples of right is no justifisation for a preoipit ate act of vindictive crucity, It is. fadeod, assertel that, on the previous coeasion of the attempts st Round Leland ‘and Gardenaa, the utmost clemency wax oxhibited by the Spanish authorities. but without the effect of prevent; gression. Yet this iss most insufficient jaWi- nd the fact of the iavaders having disreqar led then given, and having made a new piratioal fe no excuse for savag severity on the part of the Cuban government. It was, no doubt, the daty of the latter to inflict some punishment upon their prison- mary exeoution was alike cruel and im: dithonored and damaged the Spanish , sperated the Ame bes increased the diMlouities ef the federal execative, In defending the acts of his government, M. Isturits bas thought proper to allude to the proceedings of the English cruisers in the eastern archipelago, av affording aa gous case. Hut the parallel is not exact. There ir difference between entcoring a body of savages actaally, engaged in piracy, and ¢ tion of pri- roners. The operat of our ships in the Bast were, id our naval officers nor Sir Harry Smith are ascustomed to shoot their prisoners en masse; on the contrary, ex cept on the field of battie, our commanders have rather erred on the side of leniency Nor can it be admitted that such vindications of authority are necessary to the interests «f society. Such a principle is strictly a ps- Binsular one; and though it may be acted upon by Nar vaer and the military statesmen of Spain. it will soarce iy, be resegutned by ‘the rest of the world, Again, it i leged that the number and resources of the invaders aggravated the orimi: but i would be equally tru that the power and resources of the Spanieh goverameat which rendered summary proceedings unnecersary for ite immediate security, heighten the imprudsace, if not the guilt, of ite conduct. Notwithstanding the diMoulties arising from the #x- cited feeling of the American people, it appears that th» government of the United States is taking vigor :as ste ps to prevent any further infraction of treaties by its citi zens, It ia satd that President Filimore is determined to percevere in the policy laid down by his predecessor, and that precautions will be adopted to prevent the de parture of the bodies of troops which have lately been collected im different parts of the Union. The govera- ment ie already, to some extent, anvwerable for the effects of its previous remiseness and for the waat of vigi- Janee on the part of its offcers, But if the federal au thorities are really resolved to restcain the uoruly bu» canecrs of the South, there is no doubt that they po reve the means of so doing They would have the sap pert of the New England States, as well as of the Norta ‘wert; for in thoee parts of the Union the annexation fever t# lene violent than it is clewhere, and it is felt that the acquisition of additional rlave States weuld inju- ric urly affect the political balance of the confederation Therefore, if the cabinet at Washington has the courage to adopt a decided couree of action, it may, in spite of the opposition of Bouthern feeling, and of the mobs lo the large cities, euscessfuily maintain, unimpaired, the good faith of the United st But the wntoward events which have ocourred in Cuba and at Now Orleacs —the «xerses of @ barberous government on the one hand,erd of a bre al populace om the other—have rea dered the ise highiy proul eal. Every effort wil f course, be tade by the annexationtets to etimulal | public feet fo in sae the citizens to believe that the b co of Ame the stoned for We may be eure ‘het n wil! mot fall for waat of agitation on Oh acters aud there ita dangea: Valted states ' who are r vey and whore attention bi hy dependeney wovoraxtravagant the plunderot th 1 acragele anit jous and pe a ba s# wudacity of & fore b n . nity at large, and the reck and towed the ship down towards the Hende. I placed two ermed policemen, night and day, one at each end of the ebip, Still, thore that could swia got off somehow Alt this caused h expense. Toft the Lady Ulark tendy for rea without a soul on board but the captaia. I believe be was about etarting, with his yeeket, om the road towards Bat horst, thinki induce rome ratlore to retarn and Fhip coelly (L mean what sailors were left ia Sydney) aking £50 forthe run home, and « puarantes of procuring them » ebip to retarn direot to Sydney. I psid £5 and £6 per month for what { wanted. Lowrs very falchfully, @. 0. HEATON, ay ate id be prodare t « an Atiet ivan ceupation of the MORNING EDITION’----MONDAY, i ¢ fe i i i ag i z vi | e E [ E i i i ars dience In the States the people lutions are manifest by law alone. No despotic wiil is by the spirit “of the constitution permitted to have sway. The rule of the law is supposed to be para- mount, and to with its inflexible will and com- mand not merely individuals but the whole community, Just as wo single man can, by his mere volition, deter- mine for the community, so no body of men, none, in thort, but the whole community, actimg according to forms pre-arranged, can adopt reac lations for the State. Amob in agreat city—the great city itself—nay, the Btate of w! it may be the metropolis—is, according to the law and the spirit of the constitution, as much with. out power toect in the mame of the people of the United States asa single individual; and were the President to- morrow, by his single authority, to declare war against # foreign power, and call out the armies and tweets of the republic insupport of hia warlike resolves, he would not be guilty of # more flagrant violation of the law, a more peck | breach of bis duty, than would « band of ua- authorized individasls, no matter how numerous, pow- erful, or respected, who should, upon their own mere mo- tion, commence hostilities upon a neighboring people. There is in the United States, as there must be in al communities assuming to be civilized, and professing to be governed by law, @ specified authority by which communications with foreign powers are carried on; there is also & rule as to the mode in which such com- munications are to be conducted; and auy departure from this mode, any ercroachment upon the defiacd powers of the constituted authority by which interos- tional intercourve is to be conducted, is not merely a vio- lation of intervational law. but also of the coustitution of the United States, and the violation is as sigaal and asmischievous when the work of many as of ove ‘This regulation of the American constitution is ia ac- cordance with, and is supported by, the general rules of international morelity. War levied by individuals, ani without the authority of sovereign State. is by this in- ternational law, adjudged to be piracy. They who thos levy war are pirates, are without the pale of law, and are deemed the enemies not merely of the couatry they unjustly attack, but of the whole civilized world. Those, however,,who would more than all others be bound to repress such @ breach of the most svered obligations of Jaw and moraliry, would, im this case. be the people of America themselves; and if we apply thes» rules to the late proceedings of the piratieal aad marauding band who attacked Cuba and to the conduct of certain assem. biies of American citizens, who met to diseuss, to approve, and defend this outrage upon the civilized worll, we rhall not be at a loss as to what judgment we are to form either with respect to the original piracy, or the subso- quent approval of it; neither can we be in doubt as to what wnt be the course of conduct which the Unite States should feel bound to pursue upon the occasion. If, under circumstances such es those which have oo- curred, any government should either be unwilling or unable to do what the comity of nations demand of it, such a government would necessarily incur the contemp* and excite the indignation of every civilized community. We cannot believe, from our kuowledge of the mea who compere it. that the American government wil be ua- willing to perform its daty. We are eure, from what wo know of the constitution of the United States, thereis no real lack of power to enforce in this case the dictates of ecmmon prudence and ccmmon honesty upon the nation at lary; Spain and the United States are not merely allied. they are ry, nations. The wretehed subterfage to which h bad recourse in our columns some dys Mr. Ashi oe. in order to justify an attack upon Cubs, cannot by sei bility Le aocepted the President of the United Btates and his government upon this oeeasion. Taere is bo quarrel between the United States and Spain, neither cam any pretext for a quarrel be found in the conduct of eertain Englishmen who choose to advocate the aboii- tiom of slavery in Cuba. The circumstances which have led to this outrageous aggression bave no connes' with slavery or the doings. wise or unwise, of Bay aboliticnists, There are in the United States, more espe. cially towards the couth, large bands of men desperate in fortune, loore in their morality, and reckiess and daring: inconduct, To ruffians of this description the excite- rauding expedition, together with the hops 4 result from it, is absolutely irresistible t to them a chance of success, and they would join in an expedition against London, Liverpool, or New York, with the rame al as that which they evinoed de. This busoansering apinit esuse to this unprovoked stances which have induced an expression of sympathy with these pirates, are, however, of a some- what difirrent description. # quite ready to sup pose that the execution in cold blood of fifty gallant, though unprincipled youths, by the $panish authoritios, thecked many who in uo’ wey sympathized with the objects or justified the conduct of the unfortunate safer. ers upon this oceasion. Feelings of national vanity were quickly mixed up with the anger roused by the inhuman- ity of the execution ; and thus a somewhat generous rentiment, and un almost pardonable weakness, costri- buted simultaneously toa sudden outburst of passion ‘There ere alvo some politicians ia the United States who consider Cuba an exceedingly desirable acquisition for their country, and who view with undieguised satisfac- tion sny events which terd to bring it about. These men join the eympathizers, and swell the shout which demands revenge and seeks to enforces pu: ment. If to these add all wh» belong to the class of those who suffered, vi: il the idle, reckless buccaneers who still remain in the United States, aed are eager for a fray, we rhail understand the nature of the cry raised, and its probable influence upoa the sober. minded govera- ment of the United States. That government cannot fail to lamert the inadvertence —to give it nocther name —which permitted the expedition against Cubs to sail, and they ought henceforth to exercise with proper orgy the pewer which the law gives them to put dowa every attempt to renew such an outrage upon the comi- ty of nations, Themrelve: dictates of a severe imorality, they should be among the first to acknowledge that hesitation or weakuess on their port would now be a clating violation of the sacred da- ties impored om them. alike by their ition, by a regard for the true interests of the United States. and by a wor- thy consideration of (he goneral welfare of mankind. Germany. The Jugehurg Gaerette, under date of Frankfort, 8th Atigust, rays — ‘@ learn that the reectution adopted by the Germanic Diet rolative to the liberty of the press, goes no farther than that a circular shall be addressed to all the ¢overn ments to request them to adopt energetic measures with regard to the democratic journals, and to Fegujgte the lnwe on the prees conformably to the mor archie: ciple. It is partioulariy prohibited to the journals to call in question the, principle ‘on which the Federal Assembly re; * e Germanic Diet intends to avait the result of these moasures before turning its attention to the proporitions made to it, by the committee, relative to the general Inws on the prees, The German Journal of Frankfort says :— ‘We learn that, at its last sitting, the Germanic Diet voted on the ulteriot proposition® of the policisal com- mittee. and that there propositions had a leral majority They relate, it fa said, to measures which shall seoure t execution of the last resolutions come to on t of the fundamental rights, and of the reculations whi should accompany the publication of the fe tions of the 20th ult, as, for instance, the forum an executive committee, and the determination of ite competency. as wed w ns to be placed at its dispeesl Among there means is a federal army of feom 12,000 to 1600 men. It ts, however, said that the pabli cation of the resolutions will depend on cirewinstanons, Switzeriand, The Zurich Gavettestates that the mission confided to M. Brenier. at Borne, isexplained by the following ex- tract of «letter from Paris :— ‘The difficulties which bave arisen relative to th ion of the oystoms’ duties becween the som! bera State of Cormany and Switgeriand, are regarded with grew nterert here, For some yrars past a treaty betweea France and Switrerland has been in contempls* terne bas always been oppored to it Av pre Jerrland that Berne appears more favorabiy and in France the government {i pared to mek veri even at the expanses of the protectits aystom o8 in force M. Buffet. the Minister of Jommercs and Agrieutture hopes to profit by the differences to whiva L bave alluded above. lightened, and obvying the | ing . The confirmation of the Australian findings is one event of the week, and snother, ich will exercise eventually a great influence om the bullion market, is the publication of the continental exchange prices received by electric taegraph. This rapid trans- } miseion of quotations will have a great tendency to equalize prices in the different and to diminish temporary speculations. It is-likewise to be expected that it wil result in the drawing of short bills on places whereon it is now the practice to draw at three months, a8 it will be wished to avoid the fluctuations and conti gencles, when ‘& comparatively certain transaction e effected. As bullioa can so easily be commended by the use of the telegraph, there will be lees necessity for keeping up local stocks, and a apcary) disposition to accumulate in this market, which is the place of receipt from all quarters of the world. ‘The Aurtrali ws creates. at present, a oling of aux- iety rather than wy fixed impression of the definite re- sults to be obtained. In its beginning, however, the | Ophir of Australia is more pregnant with great expects | tiotis than the EF) Dorado of the West As the discovery in the American or Feather Creek indicated the produc- tiveness of the basin of the Sacramento, so does the dis- covery of gold in Orange River most strongly suggest the like procuctivencss in ail the affiyents of the Murray, nor are there wanting rumors of farther discovery going beyond surmise. If this expectation be true, the Aurtzaliun gold region will be as much beyond Califor- i nia or any other gold region known, as Oalifornia is be- | youd the Attaian district, the Ural, and Virginia. Ex tending fem the back of the Moreton Bay district to the ba: Victoria province, the heads of the Murray of $60 miles from north to south, by 20U from cast to west, constituting @ totel of 160,000 square miles four or five times the extent of the Celifornian El Do- rade. Roudd give the coast population access by a com- paratively short route to every part of the district, and ttesmers running from Adelaide round to Moreton Bay connect every port. As the Kanak of Tawail is at- | tracted to San Francisco, so the Maori of New Zealand, | and the Araforas of New Caledonia and the neighboring | group, will be drawn to Sydney, Newcastle, and Moreton ! Pay. An intercourse already open with Canton will bripg Sydney into rivalry with San Francisco for | Chinese emigrants. Flour will not have to be brought from the other end of the world, as from Chile, not pro- | Visions from Honolulu, while the operation on the floar trede by Australia may give to Tasmania a like beacfit to that experiereed by Chile. What effect the news has already bad on the neleh- boring provinces it iscf course impossible to define, but we know that the intelligence of the Californian discov. eries drew numerous eraigrents from all the Australian orte From Adelaide the journey up the Murray and ‘rilpg to Bathurst is long and toilsome, bat there are | other means ef access. Regular steamers ply to Sydney, and it is feared the miners have been drawn from tho rich works of the Purra Burra, as they have on the | other side from the collieries of Northumberland. Mr. Jomes McHenry’s Circular. * Livenroot, Sept. 16, 1851, There is nothing new in bacon. Beef and pork are almost nominal. | Tn hams er shoulders nethirg doirg. There i@ « fair inquiry tor good cheese. The market is cleared of all lard offering under 50s, There have been no further sales of quereitron bark. | ‘Tallow is very steady Oils are unchanged. Lipeced cakes continue in good demand. The corn market does not show the slightest impzove- ment. The advance in flour has been quite lost, and other erticles are nominsily unaltered. Corron.—The market was quict en Saturday; but oa Monday, efter the receipt of the Canada’s news, there was more inquiry from exporters and speculators, and prices of middling qualities were slightly dearer. The trade continue to act with extreme caution; and as the market bax been well supplied there is no change in quo tations, The sales in the three days will not exceed 19.- | 060 bags, of which 7,000 are om speculation and for ex- | port. kee! Loxnon Money Manner, Sept. 16, P. M.—The accounts frem the continent, this morning. being rather lesa xloomy, there hex been a better feeling in the market for public seenrities here, Consols have been done for the account at 957% 6 and for money from 96 to 95%; Kx- chequer bills have been done at 444. to 47s., and [ndia bonds at Sls. pm. India stock hax also been done at 202 Inthe foreign market. the settlement of the ae- count has been proceeded with this morning; and with | the exeeption of Mexican bonds has proved to be light. Guatemala bonds have been done at 24; Mexican. 264; Sardinian scrip 344 4 dive ; Spanish Five-per-Cents, 29; Russian Pour-and-a-half per cente, 101}¢ \; Dutch Two anda baif per cents, 68%, and the Four- per coat oertifi- cates, 0235. There has not been much change in the market fcr railway sbares. and the payment of balances bes oe faverably thie m Ing. no defaulters hav- ing been announced, either in thé foreign or share war- hewn Half past two —Consols for account, 96 a 96°, Livenvoor. Corton Manx. Tarsday evening, Septem ber 16 —The tendency of this market is daily to hardea with a good demand from all classes of buyers. Imports continue ligt «4 our stock diminishes. Accounts from the States show ne encouragement te shippers. and tend | to cheek exports plied, avd th rt. ‘The re of new cotton into the ports are mush eavier than aud although they are no crite- rion Cf the ultimate extent of crop, they tend to coaficm | Say next, for Troy; S the larger estimates of the coming eearon. Iivexroon Coun Market, Tuesday. September 16.—This | is the finest Sep'ember weather we have kaown fora | | number of years, and is truly auspicious for the aaving of | the northern and latter harvest. which we may expoet to be concluded ina short time The Imports of grain are moderate The principal this wook ia from the United | nce we have reorived 7 S82 quarters of wheat, | barrels of flour: at the same time, the week's exporte (o Ireland and constwire, of there two articles, | stand as high as 1495 quarvers and 9,468 barrels. Our | Iceal consumption is steady and extensive As our pre- | rent rates show asmart lowe on imports from America, the shipments from thenee for a time will, very probably, | be coniparatively small, The corn market this morning | wes dell. Old foreign whont was taken {n limited quan- | tities only, at a drciine of Id per bastel from the rates | of last Buesday. In American barrel and French | flour & moderate bariness was done, at quite asx good | | prices as of Inte, Wo are perfectly bare of Irish old ost, | | and new being in short eupply, full prices were obtaine opt for (be low black ones, which were 1d. to 2d. per burhel cheaper. Barley, beans, and peas were without change. Weare also very bare of good Indian corn: secondary jnality commanded full prices yesterday and | to-day. ‘The accounte from various quarters, of the m s- | terious potato disease, are coming to hand of a more | serious complexion | | Loxnos Cony Rxcrance, Moxoar, Seer z been remarkably fine during bof the Hamber, with » very | f Fey teat ‘ . Tudie® corn for hitparents we held ratbet above the prewent rates for ercved carson At this morateg ¢ tne. Ket the freeh ea oply wheat from Kevex was moderate but fim Kent it was larce, aad | there was some quantity of ted olfering by tall. cae | the evoty whole of the consisted of the new and, the Nate Se SEE co anger aolad week, odes cline of Is. per was to ow white. and 1s. to 2s. on red wheat. wae in Jimited de- mand, but the holders were un’ tecom- ply with any decline; a it concession was, how- ever, in some instances made in the sales effected. The new Ei barley was much inquired for. and faliy realized Lary BE ec Arun of very anes Simo ct last week, ialt continues without mucb varia tion. A ee ge ag fot experianced any sitmation. Miour soullsses not ex apy on. same, as the arrivals of French are small, and the de- mand for English made from new wheat is good, but stale qualities sre very unsaleable. Roving. se Fobeay vedere hyd oe peas fee i been done to-day in Indian corn, for arrival, 6d. to 1s. por quarter ad ance. M. By ‘Travr, . 16. the werk cur cots 'and yar market have bean caress Se er ee ee a ception, rer,and that is oe the business don foo oe this is the more remarkable, as at eae Pia ma | m< e the} " of cloth market spinners mani attention to other numbers and the whole, is BY TELEGRAPH FROM LONDON TO LIVERPOOL. VERY INTERESTING INTELLIGENCE. Cais Lonvon, Sept. 17, 1861. TREATY WITH SPAIN RELATIVE TO CUBA—ERENCH STEAMER DESPATCHED TO WASHINGTON, ETC. Important despatches have been: bpein amounting, it is said, to a treaty for ths preservation of the colony of Cuba from Amerioan im- vaders. ‘The Minister of Foreign Affairs and the Spanish and English Ambaseadors bad a meeting on Monday evening. France and England are decided on preventing s rup- ture between Bpain and the United Btates, and in pee. serving for the former her valuable colony, but with the Amtroductiow of some indir penrable reforms im the general. g°vernment of Cubs. A French steamer wae to leave Havre on Tuesday fer Washington, with despatshes from the French goverm- ment and the Smericen Minister. FAILUDRS OP COMMERCIAL HOUSES. Tho Times says advices from the Mediterranean men- tion the failure of Messrs. Peter Clark & Co., @ firm hav- Ing establishments at Corfu, ‘jante, Cephalonia, and Pe the tras. Their liabilities are stated at and cause of their stoppage was said to be connection nth Messrs. Castel’ & Co. upon whom are ore- diters for £24,000 ‘The precise estimate of east is not known, but only a moderate dividend ia expected. THE AUSTRIAN LOAN. The Times says that, judging from the letters from Germany of yesterday, us to the result of the tion for the loan, have been discovrsging. at V: is certain that pot muck more thas £500,000 in any case will be taken for real iavestments ; and there was little prospeet of succees at Frankfort, Amsterdam, Brussela, A SON OF VICTOR HUGO FINED AND IMPRISONED. Another son of Victor Hugo has been condemned te nine monthe imprisonment. and fined 4000 france, for am article on the expulsion of foreigners trom France. THE MONEY MARKR®. Panis Bovase, Sept. 16.—Fives are quoted at 91.70, and Threes at $615. Gold is about the same im Pacis and London, and 0.12 per cent dearer in Hamburg than in Londen. ‘The exchange between Englaad and America is nomi- patly 0.67 per cent in favor of Hogiand, leaving a email nobton the importation of gold frcm the United States, ‘he influx of gold at the Paris mia’ has greatiy dimim- ished, and the period for re-delivery is now redwoed te thinty doys. The whole of = dollars peer conesn the last West India packet have been sol at revious saled, * price quoted is Ody. The transactions are at 66%, City intelligence. Annivat of Commonone Braves, Late Ownen Yacnt Amenica.—Among the passengers who ypstenday morning by the Collins steamship Baltio, r. John ©. Btevens, the lato owner of the Americas. The Baltic having been saluted hundred guns, op her nearing the pier, the friends Stevens honored him with a salute of one bundred twelve guns. for the signal triumph he has achieved he yachts of the Old World. Biovements ov Farsen Marnew.—Pather lesves this city during the week. probably on the people of that city di cent visit there, having exacted a promise from return, as (he condition of letting him away. He will not be ready, therefore, to pail on the 11th of October, aa he expected, but must postpone his departure till the 25¢h. Mr. Coll.ns has yy | offered hiro a passage in one of his steemers, which Fatber Mathew has On Sunday, the 12th of October, the Apostle of rance will administer the pledge in St. Patriok’s dral, by the invitation of Archbishop Hughes. Sap Accent on tHe Hance Rattnoan —About ti i Hs Fg Ei i 5 pamgd_ Patrick Kelly, between’ Forty. first and te aot f stepping off the the corner of ws ates. red and on the track, when the ears pareed over both his lege, just below the knees, fracturing them ip the most sh maoner. He wes roon afterwards ta! up in estate of insensibi- lity, placed on one of thi ail ‘all cars, and conveyed with ossible baste to the New York Mospital, where he plaerd under the care of Dr Leroy, who dos mot em in the elighte st hope of his -<y- He is not ex- r rvive many heures, The injured man hee been in this country but five months, and has left a wife and child in Ireland . Supnen Duar —Yesterday tcrning. an elderly gem- tlanen. whore Leme was not ascertained, dled caly in bis carriage. It appears that about 11 o'clock went to the church at the ecrner of Downing and Bed- ford streets, and while there wes taken ill He wae laced in his carriage, tobe conveyed to his residence, vo. 13 k street, but expired on the way. Coroner Geer will hold an inquest this morning. Accwrnt at Prox Siir Feany.—On Friday night, ae the a beat was lying in the élip, on the New Yort hab: ho was intoxicated, walked off from eipitated into the water. He from ae the of Mr. L. D. Hart and the ferry master of the night watch. t etrret, on the body of and. aged 35 yours, born in Ireland, came to hisdeath by drowning. It seems that, eo cording to the evidence before the Coroner, the d on Wednesday about Lo'clock. left his home said be was going to Astoria Long Island; since which time he bad ect heen seen, until tis body was found floacing in the river, foot of Oliver street. A verdict of death by drowning wes rendered. Fine —On Saturday. about noon, fire broke out im the stesm saw and plening mill belonging to Mr. Bd- ward White, and rituated in Tompking street, near Grand treet. It was extinguished with but triding damege The fire or'ginaied ia the shaving house, while | the workmen were at dinner Tre Vermet.—We are requested to state, that the first number of thir new evening paper. edited by G Madame Julie de Marguerittes, will ve Published this afterneon, at four o'clock, at 100 Nasamw #trcet and €97 Broadway Tre Hyrson Riven Rarnoan—Tn a few days, the Hudson River railroad will be complete to Albany. part that remeined unfinished between "epoca and Tivoli, te ali but done, and the cars, it is expec Wil! run throvgh ima week. when the cntire distaace be performed in lese than five hours. Word axp ime Rerwnern the New{World, after that the latter still beers the palm Tha pears that the hele deer, and ‘Theatrical and Musical. Bowrny Tre r nounced for this rv © Mr and Mre. White,” and the ~ Miller and his Me Proatway Torarne —The great English actress, Miss Leura Addivon. appears this evening a8 Marianne, im the “Wie” The other pices is Nino's @ Petticoat Goverament * tortainments commen oe with followed by the bale et pante rime of the “ will be © Raoul Per tre ne Flee the character cf 1 re at She wil appear on actor of great . en, Me JR Oe ard wo CPneed gham's ne # romantic play, ted to- dar for This Ony, © ae <Nos. 183, Gud, God, 607, 68 199, 468, 608, O80 to O49, ~*