The New York Herald Newspaper, June 13, 1851, Page 2

~ EUROPEAN NEWS Our Lenden " THE STATE OF EUROPE. \Loxpon, Fripay Evewmic, May 30, 1851. -Bngland—The Dedates in Parliament—The Motion on Caylon—France—Violont Debates in the French Asssembly—The Revision of the Constitution—The Mecting at Warsaw—A New Holy Alliance— The Danish Succession—The Revolution in Portue gal—>Formation of a Ministry—State of Italy— Gneece—The King’s Return—Spain—The Geat Exthibition— The First Shilling Day— Fashionable Hatelli gence. ‘The Ecclesiastical Litles Assumption bill draws fits slow weight along in the Committee of the Whole House, without any approximation towards @ final result. The interest attached to it has died away, and the very mention of it excites a yawn. ‘The only Parliamentary event of the week has been the debate upon Baillie’s motion for a vote of cen- sure on the government for approving Lord Tor- rington’s conduct as Governor of Ceylon. The sh white- term sree is anomalous, for, th washed by the Colonia] Minister, Lord was ri . The debate commenced on Tuesday night, by Baillie’s motion, ‘* That the House, having taken into consideration the evidence adduced belace the select committee appointed to inguire into the affairs of Ceylon, is of opinion that the punishments inflicted during the late disturbances in that island were excessive and uncalled for. That the House is of opinion that the execution of eighteen persons, and the imprisonment, transportation, and corporal panishment of 140 other persons on this oecasion, is at variance with the merciful administration of the British penal laws, and is not calculated to secure the future affections and fidelity of her Majesty’s co- Tonial subjects. That the House is of opmion that these severities are the more sincerely to be depre- cated as they were exercised after the suppression of the disturbances, during which none of her Majesty’s troops or public servants were killed, and only one soldier slightly wounded. That the House’ is of opinion that the couduct of the late Governor of Ceylon, in keeping in foree martial law for two months, after his chief legal adviser had recom- mended its discontinuance, and during which period the civil courts were sitting without danger or in- terruption, and also his refusal to allow a short de- lay in the execution ofa priest, at the request of ‘the Queen's Advocate, who wished further investi- tion into the case, was, in the highest degree, ar- jitrary and oppressive. ‘That the House is therefore of opinion that the conduct of Earl Grey, in signify- ing her Majesty's approbation of the conduct of Lora Torrington during and subsequent to the dis- turbances, was precipitate and injudicious, tending to establish precedents of rigor and severity in the government of her Majesty’s foreign possessions, injurious to the character of this country for justice and humanity.” The debate was adjourned to last night, when a very peareciet and animated discussion ensued. The House divided, with a majerity of $0 for the — voting for, and 252 voting against motion—a result which elicited a cheer from the ministerial benches. The political interest of the week has been shared between France, Germany, and Portugal. My recent letters will have prepared the readers of the Nav York Herald for some violent debates in France, on the veveta guestio of the revision of the constitution. As some time has elapsed since the promulgation of the present French constitution, the revision of which is now demanded, | shall give you a trans- lation—from the original document in my pos- session—of two or three of the more important ar- orrington 8. Art. 45. The President of the republic is elected for a term of four years, and can be re-elected only after a lupse of four years. Art. 46 fixes the second Sunday in May for the | day of cloction. Art. 45 requires the President, before entering Office, to take the following solemn oath :— In presence of (od. and before the French people, re- sented by the National Assembly, I swear to remain | to the democratic republic, one and indivisabie, and to fulfil all the duties imposed by the constitution.” Art. 110 is devoted expressly to the question of ‘the revision of the constit . Tt sa When. in the last year Assembly shail Lave expressed the desire fi Partial revision of the constitution, the re take place in the following manner:— | The wirh expressed by the Assembly shall not become @ definitive resolution until after three successive delibe- Pations, held each at one month's interval, and voted by three-quarter of the voters. The number of voters may not be less than five hundred a Assembly for the revision is to sit for three months | y. Tt must be occupied exclusively with the question of | revision, unless very urgent business should demand its | attenticn. | The hing was enthusiastically welcome: Tmoay add that art. 2] of the constitution fixes number of the representatives of the | gnd art. 22,in cause of a demanded | ¢ reader will be better enabled political events in France. ‘The recent d in the Legislative Assembly have been of a most violent nature. On Friday, the Minister of the Interior was accuse influencing the elections. M. Léon Minister of the Interior, on the oceasion of the | election for the department of the Landes, had sent espatch to the Prefect of to follow the cour: the following telegraphic that department :— Tp pre nee of the mencurres which the advanced | * against the law lure. and to get y m of th ds uf 01 government, the elec- cannot. in consulting their suff ed to defend and m widely distri- he t cau buted. The government candidate was returned Emele de Gerardin (editor of the /resse,) made a violent attack upon the minister, who admitied that th patch should not have been made pub- lie as it was a confidentie given in faver of the gov ction 1 that the pream- mn of ational i, with a is instituted for the purpos pstitutson, and the rights of obedience to the Inws; to pre- and to the ‘people serve or re-est wp to ima’ Lirh public perce in the interior ensure the independence of France and the integrity of her territory again-t foreigners The omisson of the preamble is attributed to the aversion of the majority of the Assembly to yote a law which ceclares it the vocation of the National Guard to def qallic, which they hope to see metamorphosed intoa monarchy. Na- poleon Bonaparte spoke with great warmth. Ile declared the Jaw without the preamble a monstrosi- ty. Other speeches followed but N. Bonaparte’s motion was finally rejected. Por three hours the Asecmbly wee a scene of disorderly tumult The preamble having been disposed of, the clauses were discussed more quietly, until (‘eneral Grammont brought forward an amendment on the | 4th clause, which produced a regular storm. He ed that, in place of the system at present in | ce, a yoluntary system should be adopt- ‘ed, #0 that no one who did not choose should be obliged to serve in the National Guard, but those who volunteered chould be obliged to serve for a certain limited period. In supporting this amend- ment, General de (;ramment beoaght some sting- ing cha vuards of Paris. sagainst the National HS stated thet out of the 237,000 men inscribed in 4844 on the liste of the aris National (iuards, 22,- 000 refused to answer the aypel at the period of the fneurrection of June. By the voluntary system the 8,000 who really fought would be the volunteers, and the others might be dispensed with. The effect of the present organization was to produce an arse- nal for toe rehists of the whole country, for the | moment that there was an ¢mrwie the National Guards gave up their arms to the He there- fore thought that as the National (juard had al- sways been the most ready instrument in the getting | up of revolutions, the best thing that could be done ‘was to reduce it to the narrowest proportions. Leon Faucher, the Minister of the Interior, has- tily rushed to the Tribune, and striking the desk | with his clenched fist with great force, declared that he must at once protest against such language. He defended the conduct of the National Guard | ae the insurrection of June, and when he left the Tribune was loudly cheered from all sides of | the house. (‘eneral (:rammont said that, in jon, the crisis of 1852 could not be got over out bloodshed. Jo this the minister replied: — | “Who, then ix master here? Is France not the mis- | tress of ber own destinies’ Havre we not had the expe- | rience of several revolutions, and have we not arrived at | that age of manhood, in which nations frre able to give * ‘and pacific solution to the aestions whie t For my pert, I reply. in the name oi ali the conseiences which will be the eche of mine. that the ambitions of the final dee party, at the solemn momen net ,-~¥ from jules Favre.) 1 say that the show itecif, and that it will prev Glee) 1 say that this Assembly ntiments to ancient Thee twill inspire itself with not of the © that it will endeavor : and that / General Grammont s eave th eountty amendment wae r NM be ‘ when the discussion of j shilling. (Wednesday last,) it became legal to be precented for the revision. ‘The clubs are in full operation. I do not wish to be a of ill omen; but men of great experience in politics do not know what to the future—Tout est possible, aay as 5 omy le Tea tcenteinty of the course events are likely to take in France exercises a powerful influence upon the political movements of the other continental States. The democrats in Germany and Italy look forward with expectations to the movement in France to declare another insurrectionary move- ment, whilst the first patent result of the rulers is a closer alliance to prevent anything of the sort. This wil! explain, more or less, the close friend- ship which has suddenly sprung up between the Emperor of Russia and the King of Prussia, in which the Emperor of Austria may be shortly in- cluded. Common danger draws men together. i the last ten days, negotiations of high importance have taken plage at the Polish capital, (Warsaw.) As yet, but little has transpired of the actual bearing of these negotiations ; her the evi- dent conclusion is drawn, that a close alliance has been formed between Russia, Prussia, and Austria, for the immediate mpreeon, conjointly, of any | attempt at the renewal of the scenes of 1548. A considerable body of troops has been concen- trated at Olmutz, under the orders of General Soblick, the Emperor of Austria. Marshal Ka- detzky, the Ban Jellachich, and many other dis- tinguished officers are assembled there. mn Von Bruck, the Austrian Minister of Com- merce has resigned, and is succeeded by M. de Baumgartner. Letters from Hamburg state, that at a cabinet council, held at Leen ne en on the 28d inst., the question of succession to the throne of | k was jecided in favor of Prince Christian of Glucksburg, to the exclusion of the Augustenburg agnates. Prince Christian is married and has issue. ‘The latest advices received from Lisbon are to the 23d instant. The Marshal entered the city in great triumph on the 15th inst., and, after much trouble, had succeeded in forming the following cabinet :-— Duke of Saldanha, President of the Council and War Department. Senhor Pestana, Home Department Senhor Jervis d’Atonguia, Foreign Affairs Marques de Loule, Marine. Sephor Franzini, Finance Senhor Soure, Justice All the members of the cabinet enjoy a fair repu- tation, but not one of them is supposed to be gifted with much political ability. Senhor Pestana has just returned from the Dor- tuguese settlements in India, where his government gave general satisfaction.’ In politics he is a chartist, but extremely moderate. Senhor Soure is ajudge of upright character, and possessed of considerable property in the Alemtejo. Jervis d@’Atonguia is a man of honor and inde- pendent spirit, and personally attached to Marshal Saldanha. Franzini is not considered to be much biassed in favor of any political system. [lis time will be fully occupied in struggling with the financial em- barrassments of an empty bp hac None of these statesmen are likely to advocate extreme measures or violent changes. ‘The Marquis de Loulé is, perhaps, the only one who is naturally inclined to proceed a little too far towards democracy, as he took a very active part in the late revolutionary struggle. but his presence in the cabinet will be a sufficient guarantee to the popular party that no improper influence will be exerted against them at the general election. The Queen, meantime, is placed in a very awkward position, and the King consort is obliged to be civil to the very officers who acted the part of traitors to him pos left his standard to join the Marshal, after the declaration of Oporto. Rumors of a contemplated abdication of the Queen are cur- rent, though instructions have been sent to the foreign ambassadors at Lisbon, to dissuade her majesty from such a step. Austria and France are reported to have offered armed assistance if neces- sary. Private letters from Rome, bring alarming counts of the state of the Holy City. Assassinatio take place almost daily. AJ] arms are seized, and the houses even of the nobility have been strictly searched by orders of the French commander-ia- chief. A revolutiou in France would be followed bya rising in Rome. The French army of oceupa- tion will, it is said, be reinforeed. There have been turbances, but not of a very serious nature in Sardinia. Letters fiom Athen:, of the 18th May, announce the safe arrival of King (tho, at the Ge sian capital. . Constan- | tinople journals of the Mth May, bring no news of interest. There is nothing stirring in Spain. The Marquis of Miraflores has been appointed President of the cabinet. 1 To turn from politics to the current topics of the ) day, in our social and elegant world, the great ox- | hibition claims, as usual, the first notice! Monday lost was the first day of admission at one Every precaution was taken by the autho- rities and the committee, to prevent a crush or disorder—prudent, though needlyss precautions. So | reat a crowd was anticipated, that nobody went! + The crowd, fearing the crowd, stopped at home. At3P. M., accompanied by two friends, who left their watches at home by way of precaution, { | srocceded to the Crystal lace. Issuing from Wilton C ards Albert ntrance, we | were a absence of ages. Two days p usly it was dangerous to cross, from the number of vebicles, of every description, that passed up and dowr But few pedestrians were visible in the park. i g itself was comparatively ived during th ' joun lilee a the 1} t mariner n and piensure exp ‘rince of Prussia has 1 guration of Nanch’s g receptions, and t. The Queen from a short visi: to | yntinue to draw full ho Cravelli | tuceess in the difficult part of | “Fidelio.” The rival house, Covent (iarden, has brought out the same opera, with Castellan, but the latter, though a finished artiste, has not sufficient range of voice for the difficult part of Leonora Lumley gives now an opera every night, instead of three times a week. I never beheld London Park Lane, and Piccadilly, are, literally blocked up with eleg: Concerts and private balls a da, Thackeray gave his second lecture yesterday to a crowded and fashionable audience on the humorists of the eighteenth century. t may be interesting to some of your readers to | know the total amount of money taken for adw sion, independent of the sale of season tickets, during the eighteen days upon which the price of admission to the Crystal Palace has been 5x. The amount received up to the 12th of £12,937 10s. The following are the amounts taken at the doors since that date, upon cach of the fol- lewing dayr:— Bond street, M., | so full bout four quipages the order of the May 13, at 5 £2,229 10 a = 2,004 15 “m6 « 2426 0 Amount received up to May 12, inclusive, 1 Total . £6,775 10 The weather is beautiful, and the metr healthy: Loxpos, May 30, 1851. The New York Hereld Abroad— World's Fair—im- mense ress—The Inaugurvtion by the Million Royal Geographiral Dinner—Sperch from General Willbridue, of New York—Gastronomy and Geo- grophy—Dinner and Diplomacy—TheLord Mayor an! the Commissioners--Hom. C. B. Haldock Amin Bey --Gredey—The First Steamship Across the Atlantic--Collin’ Line, &e. To an American, three thousand miles from home, there is no greater luxury than to get hold of « file of the New Vork Herald, which is the only news- paper of any account that can be seen here. It i placed on file in the Crystal Palace, under the eagle, where knots of people from the United States daily cengregate, to be “ posted up” in mat- ters of news and interest from home The Great Exhibition continues to be the centre of attraction—the absorber of everything The | thought that he voli | portanee and all places depending upon the pablic patronage, are fading before the gorgeous sights and magni- ficent displays of the World’s Fair. Like a huge beehive, the great glass house in Hyde Park gathers in everybody, and collests all the shillings. Even old Drury Lane has been compelled to close its doors ; and the Italian and her Majesty’s are only paying expenses. The receipts at the [xhibition, last Saturday, amounted to $30,000. But the “five shilling days” are gone, (except once a week,) and we shall have no more such heavy returns. On Monday last, the price of admission was lowered to one shilling, and then commenced the real inaugura- tionof this Olympiad of art, by the million. All the fears and distresses of @ portion of the London ress at the ** rush of the multitude,” have proved a umbug. There was the same order, decorum, and decency among the shilling workocracy, as was ex- hibii be, equal crowds of the fashionable aristoc- racy. This constant dread of ‘the people,” the ** lower classes,” the ** mob,” is disgusting and dis- graceful. The (Queen herself appears not to part cipate in these contemptible notions of the aristoc- racy; for she is $ ay visiter at the Crystal Pa- lace, and inspects, with great interest, this unparal- leled collection of the industry of all nations. Puvch, and other of the London papers, have been constantly ridiculing that portion of the exhibition set apart for the United States—contrasting the immense space asked for with what they are pleas- ed to term the paucity of articles displayed. Con- sidering the shortness of the time, and the small share of real active interest taken in the ‘* World’s Fair,” by « comparatively small number of our people, and the refusal of ‘the General or State go- Veruments to assist with funds, we think the Ame- rican part of the exhibition’ is highly creditable. Without going into detail, I will name at random three artisles that have elicited an attention equal if not beyond any other things in the great exhubi- tion. rae g the hundreds of splendid pieces of sculpture and statuary from the best masters in the world, there is none, the London papers will con- fess, 0 exquisite, so perfect, so etherial, as Powers’ “Greek Slave.”’ There is not one of the 50,000 daily visiters at the Crystal Palace, who does not delight in paying homage to this glorious creation of Ame- rican genius. ( from pistol to rifle—has terrified the English! They characterize it as the most fearful weapon ever invented ; and you may judge of the importance with which it is regarded, when the London mes de- vol column and a half editorial, and commends thi ‘olt Revolver” to the adoption of the British government. ‘Then, there is another article (also entirely American,) which has undergone the seve- rest scrutiny of the whole body of eminent British surgeons, with Sir Benjamin Broadie at their head, only to excite the intensest admiration, and to re- ceive their highest commendation. We refer to an “Artificial Leg.” Among the distinguished men who have honored it with their attention, is the Marquis of Anglesey, who will adopt it over the cork leg worn by him since the battle of Waterloo. Among the most interesting anniversary dinners of the week, was that on Monday night of the “Royal Geographical Society,” Sir K. Murchison in the chair. I'he company was very numerous and distinguished: among them, we recollect, was Admiral Sir C. Malcolm, Admiral Sir D. Price, Admiral Lord Radstock, General Standwich, Sir G, Pollock, Hon. Abbot Lawrence, Hon. George W. Wright, member of Congress from California, and your own popular fellow citizen, Gen. H. Wall: ridge, of New York, who has attracted very favor- able notice in English society, by his independent American manners, and the capital good speeches he has perpetrated at the numerous dinners and so- cieties to which he has been invited here. On this occasion the General made a speech that delighted and instructed these distinguished geographers, rum old admirals, sunburnt navigators, and foreign commissioners from all parts of the world to the great exhibition. The American Minister respond- ed to the toast proposed by the chairman—* The prosperity of the Geographical and Geological Societies of America.” He said, that great as was the prosperity of America, it was chiefly owing to the English language, to English cus- toms, and to English respect for order and legality; and although he represented a country in which were to be tound the descendants of all the nations of Europe, yet he must say that the true source of national prosperity and greatness in the United States was the preponderance of the British ele- olt’s ** Revolver”—a large display, | i | ment. After speeches from the representatives of France, Belgium, Jussia, and Prussia, the Royal Geographical Society left the dinner table at mid- night, better satistied with gastronomy and geo- sraphy than when they sat down six hours earlier. ¢ Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress, of London, have issued tickets of invitation to the foreign commis rs, and jurors of the Great Exhibition, and the “d corporation, for @ conversazione, or grand guzzle of coffee and talk, at the Mansion louse; eat Wednesday evening. If anythin; curs werthy of the Herald, | will send you an rican’s Ree at the Lord Meyo: party. Mr. Charles B. Haddock, American Charge d’Af- fuires to Portugal, is here awaiting the sailing of the United States frigate St. Lawrence, which is to take him from Soutnampton to Lisbon. He is also bearer of a treaty between the United States and Portugal, which inust be ratified by the 25th of June. ‘The frigate will sailon the 3d of June, and of course land him in ample time. Mr. Had- dock is a nephew of Daniel Webster, aud almost a f him in face and head. the ‘Turkish travelley, is in London, jorace Greeley, the white coat philo- wring our judices of of slavery oc- mie- pictu Amin gg and so is 1k sopher of the 7'rrbune, who, werfear, is ix country by chiming in with the bitter p: the English against us on the subjec it is w t he intends to add: anti-siavery meeting at ixeter Liall, and, of course, join in english abuse of our Southern institutios If he does so, itis to be hoped that the T'ribux will be immediately voted contraband south of Mason & Dixon's 1 Asa Whitne) the Morning building the will be enab! enlist British al in the enterprise, a ¢ demonstrates its practicability, md the consequen? annihilation between England and her Kast {ndia pos- nia commissioners to the World's his own © + corr the British ste that ever eros ion in favor from the files of the Time that the Aierican steamship Moses Rt *, performed the The 1 of the mail e | Nye, in less than ten days from New York to , | Yerpool, has amazed the Cunaders and the [nglish publi Collins’ line of American steamers has gained great confidence in lur switt- u and magnilice st upon the g aid of government being tended to this truly national line, and urge it upon the next Congress. if the Herald undertakes it, it will be eflected ) ours, truly, Cc Our Correspondence from the Two % Nartes, May 21, 1551 Preparations on the Defensive— and Navy—The Newspaper Press—Post Office Swrveillance—Commercial: Regulation: —Quaran- tim vtem— The Island of Sicily—Tive American Syurdron and Quarres—New Railroad, §e. §. Whatever may be the upshot of the political struggle in France, his majesty, the King of the Two Sicilies, will be prepared for the crisis. If military and naval forces can secure the tranquillity of a kingdom, and the stability of royal power, Ferdinand II. may bid defiance to revolutions and conspiracies. The army of this kingdom now num- bere more than 100,000 men, and it is constantly inereaaing from domestic conscription, and enroll- ments among the Condottier: of the (jerman States. very steamer brings a company of fresh recruits from the Swiss Cantons or the Khenish Duchies. Formerly, the foreign regiments were composed exelusively of Swiss, but of late soldiers are sought and accepted from any part of Germany. Whetner xe horde of foreign mercenaries will preve a force asthe Swiss, remains to be seen What is the determined mar mum of the army unknown, [( seeme to be forming for some «pec object, which must be of great magnitude and im- ‘The whole of this vast force ix in a tate of the most perfect discipline, ready for instant action. The navy has recently received the addi- tien of a ship of the line; its most effective strength lies in its armed steamers, ali of them bailt to order in England, with the most recent improvements and inventions. Twelve of these vessels are moored in the naval port, with crews on shore, prepared for immediate bareation Monarchical armies are double edged swords They may be used for or against their sovereign to sustain or overturn a throne. (scneral Pepe was not irst of the Neapolitan commanders who turned the cannon of the royal troop: against their king ‘The reliability of the army can only be decided by | the experiment of a general poptilar commotion; | whether in a civil war, based upon just grounds, it would side with the people or the government, I | would not hazard a pred’ tion. It cert would be a wiser course forthe King and hi ) trust more to moral than “te cal means to retain the ¢ of his sw’ 8. | Jretead of ameliorating { the people, | or of engaging in any mee al reform, | the tencency 1 retrogre stive. ‘The jast vestige of a free press has reeently been obliter- | ated, and no discussion whatever of governmental rease of the Army | | ' 2 Tempo, and It Giornale panled i apie ministerial ta in rib aw wais regulated by pers a id lican stamp fae fy Ghee oy vate corre: ook... is subjected to the Seru- tiny in rhe ey office, and seals are broken and let- ters destroyed, or recorded in the archives of the Prefecture of Police, is damnatory evidence. In- deed, such is the infidelity of the Fost office, that a large amount of revenue through that source is cut off, owing to the general distrust in its character. There is, I know, a ready answer to these abuses, that the gorernment is net bound to lend itself to its own destruction. | shall not canvass its worth, be content myself with stating facts. ‘ouching commerce, the policy seems to be rather to repress, than to encourage, its developement. A barbarously high tariff, unaccompanied by counter- acting domestic legislation, prevents the introduc- tion of foreign merchandise and products in any considerable quantity, while native industry lan- guishes. The town of Lowell, Massachusetts, contains more cotton and woollen mills than the entire kingdom of Naples. The LA popes system i would be discreditable to an uncivilized power. The shipping of European and American nations is con- vexations stantly subjected to the most Sanosing and expenses from this cause, and vessels are arbi- trarily subjected to quarantines of fifteen and twenty days, in defiance of every poi le evidence of a healthy crew, and a cargo anvitiated by contact with any infected locality, the certificate of the health officer of the port of departure, of the Nea- politan Consul, &c. &c., all being set aside by the will of members of local boards notoriously self: interested. It isa question if one government has aright thus to tax the commerce of another with- out cause. But for these and similar restrictions, the commerce of this kingdom would double its present extent. The chief sufferer from this narrow and illiberal policy is the island of Sicily. ‘That bountiful gra- nary of the Roman empire still retains its ancient fruitfulness; but a large part of the soil now lies untouched, in consequence of the anti-commereial spirit of the government, Sloaing. up an exit for its overplus produce. As anatural result, its popula- tion, festered and harrassed by unjust restrictions, are generally either in an open or secret state of hostility to the government, and ready to submit themselves to any power which will protect and cherish their interests. ‘Che Roman population of Nici y of 4,000,000 has sunk to 1,900,000, one-half of which is in a condition of extreme misery and wretchedness. Itis to be regretted that one of the fairest portions of the earth should be impoverished by such a blighting political mildue, from which there seems to be no immediate hope of escape, as the existing ministry are deaf to all projects of re- form, and resolutely bent on maintaining prevail- ing abuses. The American squadron, under command of Com- modore Morgan, sailed from this harbor ia the month of April, after a stay of five continuous months, during all which time a Cou-t of Inquiry was in session on board the Cumberland, trying charges preferred against Capt. Latimer by some of his officers. It lies now at Spezzia, engaged in a court martial. Is there no remedy for these con- stantly recurring quarrels in the service, with their accompanying impediments, to the usefulness and efficiency of our squadrons abroad ! Aline of railroad has been determined upon be- tween the Grand Duke of Tuscany, the Pope, and the King of Naples, from Florence, through Civita Vee- chia, to this ae It will soon be commenced. At present, the oan railroads in the Neapolitan States are those from Naples to Capua, and from Naples to Nocera and Castellamare. A ninth heir has re- ony been given to the throne by her majesty, who has een baptized as Count of Melazzo. The event was signalized by the para of a number of petty criminals; but the public expectation of acts of clemency to the political prisoners, who crowd the convict islaads inthe gulf of Naples, was dis- appointed. Notjone of those unfortunate persons was released from the dungeons and galley cas Our Paris Correspondence. GOSSIP OF PARIS. Pants, May 29, 1851. The Weather-—The Summer Season—Strangers in Paris— Races of Versailles—Ballooning Extraor- dinary—New Hippodrome—Rachel— Theatrical In- telligence—Loyo and Loissett—Public Buildings— A Persian Manufacturer—Postal Improvements —New Book, §. We have now the spring season. The weather has become as pleasing as itis in New York during the “Indian summer.” ©n Sunday last, the tem- perature was so mild that all Paris, 1 may say, emigrated out of the city. By three o'clock, P. M., the heart of the city was as much a desert as “down town” is in New \ ork, in the neighborhood of Del- monico’s, every Sunday of the year. All kinds of vehicles had been put into activity by the gay Pa- risians, and the railways were thronged with hosts of passengers. The Seine resembled a sea port, so numerous were the boats of all kinds, and flags of different nations. The'walls of Paris, all covered with grass, seemed to be animated asin a time of war, for they were covered with a dense crowd, which had come thither to enjoy the fresh breezes out of the pandamonium of Paris. Every small vil- ge out of the capital, had also given hospitality to the deserters, and the public balls were literally filled with amateurs of dancing. In short, it was a delightful day, long to be remembered in our city It we believe astronomers, we shall have yet very warm weather. ‘The following calculation has been by a distinguished sara f our Academy The summer of 1591 will be much warmer than | that of Isl, and of 1 winter season of IS ar IS!0, 1521, and 1880, and re and tloo iu y Wintere which, like this year, w lent earthquakes Hiespite tne warm weather, o cold that frost 4 peach, veld by vio- had several n damage we I hai ds—as und s of the ath of of almond, plume Northera France rthe last four years t vence was ruined ing the destruction of how the Southern peo will be blessed. With the warm weather have arrived, from all parts of Europe, the largest number ol strangers could believe how ever seen in crowded are the city. hvery day, betwe Boulevards, the Rue de la Paix, and many princi- streets, are as crowded as Droudway and the ark on the 4th of July. On sunday last, the first day of the gre: of Versailles took place, and, as usual, it w brilliant affair. ‘ihe ground of the Mine where last year the Piesident displayed his * y reviews, offered the gentlemen riders and their jockeys and grooms the most admirable place to enjoy the sport and to have fua. Our sportsmen have had a very gay season, for they have been all this iast month eagaged ** in betting” at all races on the coutinent. Many of them had just returned from Lpsom, aud their horses were as fresh leon, accompanied by f agriculture, and commerce, andalso by Wr. the Marquis of ha imo drove from the | lysee to \ ersailles in a very beau- tiful calash, to which four horses were harnessed. ina second barouche were four of his aids-de-camp. ‘The races began ut half past two o'clock, aud they were of a very exciting kind. A large number of Americans were there, either as spectators or sporte- men, and among the former | remarked the new and rich carriage of Mrs. Hepburn, who was ac- companied by her pretty dauga Caroline. ‘The horses of her vehicle were wmuch admired. Mrs. Wilson, the pretty American lady, one of the belles of Paris, made also her appearance at Versailles, and the soine turnout in which she drove was much admired by the connorssewrs f Another very great sight was enjoyed in Paris atthe Hippodrome, so well managed by M. Ar- nault. Messrs. Godart Brothers had announced that they would depart in the magnificent balloon calied the ‘Eugle,” and that the younger of then would jeave the ear in a parachute, which would fall over the city. Such a daring feat had attracted tea thousand spectators at the Hippodrome, and, at the appointed hour, the balloon went up, having in the car under it seven persons (among whom were two of my best friends), and T that car was the pavachité, to Which was attached M. Giodar air wascalm and pure; no breesy the mosphere; and the “kagle” went up in the most nt style over the Champs Elysees, the ja Concorde, and geing in the direction of Vincennes. (ver the garaen of the ‘Tuilleries the rope, to which was tied M. Godart’s paravitite, was di down be went. producing upon all ra the most terrible sensation ever felt Fortunately the descent was made without any ac- cident, and the audacious Freneh Tearus | No. G1 Rue de la Mac ag hotel As for the seven pa gore who were in the loon, they had as fine « time as was ever enjoyed among the clouds. They landed inside of th of Nogent-sur-Marne, where they were with the enthusiastic welvome by the « and soldiers of the garrison Ihave been promised, by M. Arnault, to be ale Jowed next weck to go up in the ear of his balloon, to desoribe poem todos the sensations during my as- caravan of camels, dromedaries e manager of the Hip sa rete ta paraded on The boulevards, where a crowd. There are lead animals A finest breed, me = mounted by negroes of Ugliest faces, wit! as large as those of their camels, and noses as fat as their tails. The Arabs are twenty in number, and accompanied by five women, who are Almées. The saddles and caparison of their horses are splen- did, and their weapons, guns and sabres, adorned with the prettiest stamped silver ornaments ever made for that pi . Their first performance at the Hippodrome is announced for Sunday week. The Minister of Interior has just granted M. Victor Franconi permission to organi in the Champ de Mars an exhibition of the same kind as those in the Hiypodrome, including also horse races, for which premiums will be given to the winner, as in the ordimary races. M. Franconi has also en- gaged a numberof Arabs, and bought camels, with which he will offer the public the sight of the re- nowned fantasias of the ‘*Djerid.” M. Poitevin, the daring acronaut, will also appear in these festivals. Decidedly the monomania of balloons has reached its utmost point, and the discovery of their direction is undoubtedly near at hand. ho will have the chance to be the Christopher Columbus ? Rachel, the unrivalled tragic actress, made last night her /erniére appearance for the season, at the Theatre Francais. She was really admirable in the display of her histrionic talent, and she met with the most enthusiastic applause. The tragedy which she had chosen for the occasion was Racine’s “Phoedre,” one of the plays best suited to her style of acting. Rachel leaves to-morrow for London, where she is to Can at Mitchell’s theatre. The new play of the ‘ Palais de Cristal,” or **les Francais 2 Londres,” performed on Monday last atthe Porte St. Martin, met with much suc- cess. It is written by Messrs. Clairville and J. Cordier, and contains many funny points which have amused the public. ‘There is, among them, anew way to catch thieves, which will one day or | another annihilate the use of policemen and gen darmes in any country. One will have in his | pocket one of those patented machines, and will defy all the brrbanti ofthe world. The scenery of this revue vaudeville is magnificent, and among the ten tableaux | will pereesieny mention the garden of Vauxhall, and the inside of the Crystal Palace. There isalsoa ballet which is very well arranged. No doubtthis play will have along run. At the Gymnase the success of the Spanish ballet is so great that the manager has done all in his ower to continue the segogentts of the beautiful ’etra Camara and her skilful companion. They will remain another week. At the Comic Opera House, Madame Ugalde closes this evening the series of her performances, and leaves in a few days for London. ‘The success of “ Zerline, or the Bark of Orange,” is remarkable at the Academy of Music, and Alboni | does wonders with her magnificent voice and her in- imitable method. She is nightly received with the most enthusiastic applause. Caroline Loyo and Loisset_have arrived in Paris from the United States. Their passage was ac- complished very pleasantly, and they appear to be very well satisfied with their professional tour, un- der the able management of Messrs. Welch and isley. The Palace of the Tuileries, which was nearly | destroyed by the insurgents in’ February, 1848, is | now undergoing a general repair. The Sule’ dw trove will be retitted with eight magnificent tapes- tries of the gebelins, and the other halls and apart- | ments will be re-gilded and re-painted. New furni- ture will be placed in the palace, and at the end of | the next month it will be re-opened to the public. ‘The Museum of the Louvre, which was also shut for the last eight months, will soon be rendered ene, as it has ever been. The repairs are wished, and a new catalogue has been prepared. A large number of pictures has been added to the collection. f A very solemn ceremony took place on Friday last at the Academie !rangaise, for the reception of Mr. Nizard, recently admitted among its distin- | uished members. The elected academician de- | ivered a very eloquent speech in honor of Mr. de Feletz,whose seat he occupied *‘ by inheritance,” | and it was listened to with the utmost admi- ration, for it was a model of style and high julge- ment. Mr. St. Mare Git i replied to M wud with his usual wit; and, in short, this session of this body of savants was worthy to be inscribed on the tablets of the temple of memory. ‘The Envoy of Nepaul, who displayed so much luxury during the course of last year, is now totall, outdone by a Persian manufacturer, named El- Ahouaz, who, in his country, is a celebrated gun- maker. ‘This owvrier of the eastern regions made | his appearance in our streets dressed in the most | elegant and rich costume, covered with diamonds ant studded with pearls. Ie is eager proce by two of his sons and a numerous troop of servants. in a few days El-Ahouaz will go to London, where he has sent a splendid assortment of oriental wei pons, daggers, yatagans, sabres, coats of mail, an guns, from his own manufactory. The talented armurier visited, on Thursday last, our Museum of Artillery. Ihave been told that very scrious negociation have been undertaken by the American Minister Mr. Hives, to obtain a fairer postal treaty between the United States and France. ‘This arrangemen is looked for with the utmost anxiety by the com- mercial men of both nations. A letter received here from Hamburgh, dated May 20, announces the departure, for the United e#,of thirty families from Mecklenburg h, whose ition is to lay down the foundation of a social- | ist phala in the State .of lowa. I have been wn the itution of this new society, which i the ne, va of the metaphy- sofcommunism. | am afraid that this associa- tion will come out at the little end of the horn. Ferdmand Béchard, a member of the Legis- e Assembly, whose talent as a lawyer is well known all overthe country, has just published a uable work entitled “Ze dunvinistration siving a full account of all cos, revenues, laws, and po- overmment. Th hi French people toavoid,t to know how th re the vice ver ind yrreat ple book, whieh i inges to be made, our laws as organic as possible, ng Mr. Beehard’s n all ite divisions. 1 from the French into the ihave uiuch success aunoag tates. BAL woul the | 1. 8. Army. ly. Lowell New York incinuati MeDowell, Jr Jas. M. D. St. Louis. Wa. J, Lawber, Phil Z St. Louis +. L. Moignan. N. ¥ - C. 0, Roumage. New B. Davie. Phir Cortlan, Jr al- Jit We L, Sonat, dames C. Hand. Philad Mr. and Mrs. T. A. Bailey, Henry A Robbins, N.York, — New York. Wim. FE. Boudiuot, South John Davenport, NewYork. Caroiine Wm. i. Rowe, London 4. L, Francine, Robert 8 Henderson, N Wim. M. Beaver, Philad J. Kawarch, Boston. >. and Mrs. ©. EB. Trail and W. J. Fleming,M.D..Philad 1. L. Hall, 8 8. B. Wolcott, Salem. J. F. Jenkins. New York. S. Bent st. Louis K. Woodward, Washington. BE. K. Wilson, Philadelphia. €.8. Lyons, ‘New Orleans G. Wright, Washington. George N. Faxon, Boston. J. Andrews, New York L. 8. 4. D. Hieks, New Y ork | | ©, Harrison, New York. F. M. Hazlehurst, Philad ©, Dutrieh. Tayi A.A Min %. Uh. Cooeh, Prench Politics, PROPOSED REVISION OF THE CONSTITUTION—CAVAIG- NAC’S SPEECH. On Friday, May 23d, the National Assembly, while engaged on the proposed revision of the con- stitution, tue bureaux proceeded to nominate a committee to be charged with the examination of the propositions of MM. Moulin and Morin, which were taken into consideration by the assembly in its sitting of Thursday. The discussion in all the bureaux was very violent, and some important ad- missions were made on all sides, but more particu- | larly by the party of the e ‘The Duke de Broglie, one of the presidents of the club of the Kue des l’'yramides, aeclared that the object of M. Morin’s proposition was to enable the assembly to elect a Constituent Assembly be- fore next winter, in the event of the proposition for the revision of the constitution having failed to obtain the necessary majority in the first instance. ‘Lhe idea thus started by the Duke de Broglie, of the dissolution of the present assembly, and the convocation of a Constisuent Assembly, before the month of May, 1852, was strongly attacked by members of the opposition, and even by some legitimists, who declared that the proposition was a direct pt to violate the constitutios M. Bertrand, who is a member of the Club of the Rue des Pyramides, of which the Duke de Broglie ie president, contended that the question of the re- vision of the constitution could not be considered as rejected, if a large wajority voted in favor of the revision, oven if that majority did not amount to | three-fourths laid down by the constitution. M. ¢ ontalembert gave it as his opinion th the proposition of M. Sorin was sage, pate and pru Another warn partisan of Louis Napoieen, M. Larabit, declared that article 15 of » constitution ought to be revised, in order that the President mignt be re-elected. M. Larabit then made a violent attack on the Legitimist Ciub t | detachment of and réactionaire language yon by 2M. Berryer and Falloux. M. de Surville, itimist,) fred Up at the atieck of M. Larabié on hi folenda, nea ¢ , “You have Igimed the Empire, and we have the same a8 you!” tegnards were violent. Some of them threatened the | with the conse juences of their attacks on ublic. M. Cassal telened that the republicans, to the number of 250, were fully determined to resist all attempts to. revise the constitution. ; General Cavaignac made a lon; ch in his: bureau. He that the sovereignty of the people was not absolute; that it was not above the rights of citizens; but he added that if the royalist factions should succeed in perverting the sove- reignty of the people, he for one—and he might ay many of his friends—would defend, at the peril of their ican, the rights which the nation bad adopted and aimed. ‘*The nation,’ said he “may do all that it chooses, but the national gov ity has its limits. If a Socialist National Assembly ‘should attempt to abolish the right of” property, would you recognize the force of that de- cision? A nation has no such right, any more than it has the right of proclaiming that there is no God; andifany decree should ever be passed, it will not be binding upon any one. ‘Therefore, there are- rights superior to the declarations made by the re+- ees ota of the nation in such or such a decree. In religion, in morals, and in politics, the sovereign- ty of the people has its limits. Thus the right of universal suffrage is one of those rights which, in- i my opin, is not susceptible of suppression, and: whic! is beyond the powers of any assembly of re- presentatives, whether constituent or legislative.” The following are the names of the representa- tives elected as members of the committee to ex- amine both propositions:—MM. Charamaule, de Sarville, Gocelle, Randot, de Charency, Chas- saigne, Goyon, de Melun (Nord), Thomine Desma- sures, de Kerdrel, Moulin, Lefebre Duruple, Thu- riot de la Kozitre, de Layrence, Poujoulat, de Broglie. On Saturday, May 24, the order of the day was the discussion on the second reading of the Organic | Law on the National Guard, which is referred to in our Lendon Correspondence. After a very stormy time, a division was called for on the amendments of M. N. Bonaparte and M. N. Duprat, which had: the same object. ‘The division then took place, when the result was as follows:— Ayes - 24 Noes + AG Majority. seeeeees 19 ‘The amendments were, in consequence, declared to be elected. A violent discussion continued through the day. Italy. Rowe.—The Univers publishes the following, un- der date of Rome, May 20th:—Segars have begun to re-appear onthe Corso, and in some other ofthe most frequented streets, but, as yet, timidly, and in small numbers. This is the result of the an- nouncement made by the Secretary of State, that any one preventing smoking, or otherwise disturb- ing public liberty, would be arrested and tried with- in twenty-four hours. A similar treatment is an- nounced against any one who shall distribute anar- chical writings, or spread alarming reports with the object of agitating the country. This latter mea- sure has been called for by the publication of incen- diary handbills, which the Mazzinians have stuck upon the walls. They were in manuscript, and written in different hands and different styles. It was a kind of appeal to arms, made in the name of the Universal Social Republic. The most absurd and alarming reports were also put in circulation— that the Pope had left Rome, and taken refuge in the provinces occupied by Austria; that Cardinals Antonelli, Lambruschini, and several others, had taken to flight; that 10,000 French troops were ready to land at Civita Vecchia; that the General- in-Chief had shut himself in the Castle of St. An- gelo, &c. The announcement of the government ‘was opportune, for the easy triumph which the | had obtained with regard to segars, gave the chie | of the demagogical party an sarge ble audacity. ‘They even tulked of preventing the use of ice, and several cafés had, from alarm, obeyed the injune- tion. The use of any kind of French productions was also to be interdicted. In a word, it was a se- eret society coming out from its dens, and govern- ing, in the name of the poignard, a terrified popu- lation. We must however repeat, what we have before said, that this agitation is only superficial. It is paid for. It manifested itself only when the order to agitate arrived from London, and will cease as soon as a new order shall have been given. What has caused its success was fear. Let a little cou rage be shown, and there will be an end of the nightmare. SevEN FLorentines Punisnep ron Reaping THe Bintg.—A letter from Florence of the 18th, in the Risorgimento of Turin, gives some particulars about the arrest of Count Guiceiardini und six of his friends, which was mentioned a few days ago. It appears that, on the arrival of the police, they were sitting round a table reading a chapter of the Gospel according to St. John. ‘They were taken to prison, and examined by a magistrate on a charge of having attempted to overthrow the religion of the State; but the results of this examination be- ing entirely in their favor, the public prose :utor declared there were not suffisient grounds for con- tinuing the proceedings. The correspondent adds that the police, in virtue of the discretionary power with which it is invested, has condemned Count Guicciardini and his associates to six months exile in the province of Volterra. Portugal, Lisnox, May 19.—The rumor mentioned that Saldanba sent down Colonel Nimines in the Daunt- less, to consult upon certain demanils, is fully con- firmed. The Queen gave her mos: g-acivus assent to all promotions, both civil and militery, made by Saldanha at Oporto. Several persons will be re- moved from the palace; aimongst others, Padre Marcos, whose absence will not be much regretted. ‘The epecial fund has been restoredto the bank, and Senhor Ferrai re-appointed member of the beard of liquidation. 1 w electoral law is said to bo prepared, and many financial arrangements are spoken of, but it is premature to state the Sardinia, Some disturbances have consequence of a protest pored commercial reforn The Cr Merevutite qu ears th erated into acts on place at Nieo, im ighed against some pro- of open violense. who had signed uj reforms con Picdmontese governnent, hid judicial office he held. Tne nor \vigdor, , consal of the been dismissed from a cacyuatuy head been withdrawn from consul of Prussia, and Signor Ca | Sweden, and the former had even been pat under templated by arrest. Orders had been also given (to arrest the latter, but he had left home when the police ar- rived.” ‘These measures gave toa serious dis- turbance on the 1%h. The Con inal Conacil was loudly cheered by a large mas people while leaving the town-hall; and Signer J arrest had been spoken of, was aec by a crowd singing the “Marseillaise,” and giving loud cheers for the free port. A number of work- men proceeded to the prisons, and attempted to break open the doors, but desisted upon Signor Avigdor appearing at one of the windows, and re- commending them to disperse. .\t this moment a report of fire-arms was hi |, bul the cause was not ascertained. The crowd then moved towards the palace of the Intendant, but was met by a party of troops, who dispersed it. At noon the crowd on the principal square was ‘lispereed by « infantry, the legal summons not been obeyed. Some women and children were severely bruised in the confusion. Towards evening, if was restored. (n the 20th, the police ordered all the clubs to be closed; the mili- tary posts were doubled, and strong detachment> of troops stationed around the prisons. (rdere were given to arrest several other persons, but it was found or had crossed the frontier. The Intendant of the province issued a proclamation, recommending the inhabitants to be cali; assuring: them that the government was i reepeet constitutional liberty, and to examine the grievances complained of, but could not give way to menaces or to sedition; and advising them to have the greatest confidence in the equity of the government and the Chambers. The spring pica of the Municipal Council was closed on the 20th. On that and the following day, public order wna: not disturbed. its sitting of the 20th, the Senate of Turin passe bill for the establishment of an electric ota between Turinand Genoa. |t aise passed, the bill on a tax to be laid on mortmain Property and corporate bodies, by a majority of 53 to 30, Roasta and Poland, The Russian government has resolved to form a railway between the important manufacturing. towns of Sgierz and Lody, and to put them in com= munication with Warsaw by embranchments on the Warsaw and Cracow line. Jt is also intended to unite Warsaw by railway with t. Petersburgh and Moscow. Warsaw will shortly be put in communi- cation with Berlin, by the railway from Lowiez to the Prussian frontier. The Kussian government is at present negotiating with the Prussian cabinet om the prolongation of that line. having Austr __In virtue of an Imperial ressript, all goods passe ing through the Tyrol Crown lands to the sea coast Jor exportation are to pass duty free from the lat of June next. Immense damage appears to have been etused at and around Schronbrunn by the recent overflowing of the Wien river. The communi tiens interrupted by the destruction of bridge inundations have, however, been red. The hawperor Frederic has arrived at iremsier, on a visit to the Cardinal Archbishop Prince § shwarzen- berg. The systetm of mlitary frontier orgapizatiom has beep abelicbed in Transylvania. nicording to the ynathiutio, om whe 22th ine | riliaus shops of Kiegeat stront, dhe theater, operas, apd | will dv my bert, Bist, to land ig salety, and ’ ibe Jiue de Livol, om acooune vf the ebuspe abl grevaucrs w tolerated dhe only ino