The New York Herald Newspaper, July 2, 1850, Page 6

Our Canadian Correspondence. Tonronro, June 24, 1850, Legislative Proceedings—The Clergy Reserves—The Seignories—Post Ofice—Funny Kemble, §c. Two battles have been fought during the past week, in the legislative halls—one in the Legisla- tive Council, with reference tothe construction of that body, and the other in the Assembly, in rela- tion to the clergy reserves—and in both instances, the administration, with the aid of their Lower Canada friends, have come off apparently trium- phant. Tho ¢ who have studied the constitution of the human mind, have everywhere come to the conclusion that it isin the nature of man to be dis- satisfied with his present condition; and verily our Canadian friends do not form an exception to the general mle. The question came up in the Legislative Council, tpon motion of Mr. De Blacquire, one of the old school, of whom it ray be said that the present professions of its members are at variance with the prejudices and practices of their past lives. They contended strenuously for years, against the introduction of a liberal and reeponsible form of government; and having been defeated, and lost their offices and their emoluments, have become all at once the admirers and advocates of the ex- treme opposite of conservatisin; would deprive the sovereign of all control over Chis portion of the British empire, and of the exercise of that preroga- tive with which the crown tection of the rights of the subject, and the preven- tion of anarchy und confusion, | The object of the agitation in the Legislative Council, was the determining of the number of members of which that body should be composed— areduction in the expenses attending is 51 > and a more deliberate mode of passing bills, which are sent up from the other house, owing to the system of procrastination which prevails there— the result, of which it was contended, would be to Testore public confidence, and to enable the upper house to be more usetul to the country, And although all this is very desirable, and there is much room for improvement, yet, as the imtentions of the mover were evidently not sincere, and there was no little probability of the resolutions being acted upon by the goverom se they were adopted, the number who voted for them as the basis of an address were only four, including ahe mover, in a house of about twenty Ihave not had an opportunity of judging as to the estimation in which this illustrious body is held throughout the country, but certainly the orato- rical powers of its members are not calculated to elevate them in public opinion. It would make this letter too long, were | to describe the pro- eeedings and paraphernalia of the Legi-lative Couneil, which, with that of the Housw of Assem- bly, shall form the subjects of my next commu- nication: and will merely at present observe, that the establishment of a bedy in the colonies, uy the Lig dad of the House of Lotds in England, is at once absurd and ridiculous, and eutireiy incon- sistent with the requirements and condition of a colony. _ The clergy reserve question came up for discus sion in the Assembly on Tuesday, sud was not de- cided till last Friday night, or rather on Saturday morning; and elihough ‘ie majorities on the series of resolutions which were introduced, ranged as high as 52 to 16, yet the division on the 29th resolution, which involved ti: —** that although no religious den held to have such vested inte two o'clock nation can be ie in the revenue derived from the clergy revenues, as should pre- vent further legislation for the disposal of them, yet that the claims of the incumbents should be treated in the most liberal manner’’—was only car- ried by a majority of 36 to 34 The history of the clergy reserves in this _pro- vince resembles that of Trinity Church in New York, and which were doubtless intended as an endowment for the established church ; although it was subsequently determined by the twelve juiges of England, that under the term * protes- tant clergy,” was included the clergy of all deno- Minations, with the exception of the Roman Ca- tholic, Who at present, however, in Upper Canada, Teceive a proportion of the clergy reserve funds, as also the Church of Scotland and the Wesleyan Methodists; and there is 4 balance, which isevery year accumulating in the hands of the govern- for the benefitof other churches who receive portien at present 1 cannot tind from the ce ersation of members, and from what was stated i the House, that the question creates as much in +t theoughout the province, as has been represented However that may be, it was made the subject of discussion in the Assembly almost every sea!, with the excep. tion of 1827, when the people found somethin: else to fight about, from 1827 16 1929; when Lor| Sydenham, who was then Govemor Ge ceeded in having a bill passed, re-invest clergy reserves in the crown; and an vet of the Imperial Parliament was then passed, appropriat ing this fund for the benefit of «il the religious de- Pominations in the province 7 »bject of the piesent movement is, to have thes the Provii I Legislature, to be the diffusion of education; the vin have arisen under iipersl reconveyed to ypropriated for trusts whi cl, to terminate with the life of the individucls, and with refer- ence to religious establishments, after a certain tue. Such a proceeding would be +o glaring a viela- tien of public faith, end Ho: on ioterference with the rights of property, that" is sot probable the British government will cenction such a proceed: ing, and the result will probably be ther act ef Parlioment, as ter os the lands have already epproprated, aud leaving the members of the Colonial Legisi quarrel about the ba- Jance to their heart’ The value of th they did not pay t at present estumited at £2,000,000, « millions dollars ‘The whote number of aer ip this way fet opart inthe Upper Provinee, 30,687 ot which, there beve been sold 1,090, leaving 1, 245 to be diepoord of; and the amount of lands already sold, amounts to £720,756, eur- rency. The liberal eyirit in which the people of the Uni- to similar grants, ted States acted, with refer was eulogised by more thon one speake Mr Cameron, of Cornwall, in a very eloquent speech, suid that * these endowments were preserved sa- cred through all the turmoil end excitement of re- volution; and th ewe, for- merly called A ork, had wo been pres plican govern- ment of the L Another vexed question, the se Canada, still remains unde tinued over from last w tempt to interfere with pee oy one of the » 3 a! ories in Lower ng been Con- another at- f property, #0 hool, and should pth these attem pyle succes he immense endow. ments of the Koma vole church in Lower Canada, will | jongered; where, also, there isa reservation of ot fit of the Protest- ant clergy, te , of which SU SB acer or t of the sales being The we " till within a fortnigh', he great delight of the toriners; day we have had showers d + accom- pained with thender %, Jooking very tine, and the frit promises to abondent The portet w t 1oneferred to this pro- Vinee after the Sth t ber nextvas | believe LT have already infeed you, when a new postmaster- general wil oimted, but not at so high @ welury es the } stmast ral, who, by means of tuck and perquisites of ‘office, whieh a time he 1 with impunity, but which would aot be tolr i atthe present day, forinne, ond was described by Lord lorgest lendholder in Ganada. Iti wher takes place, that th te » post-office here, as at present, (his 1, which might have been sent by this morning's boat, has n detained till this afternoon, owing * mail ¢ turday afternoon, and remaining in till 7 o'clock thie mo The same happens every day, notwithstanding the post-oftice is but a throw fre he wharf a. which the steam- ; and as letters for the United States have id here, as far as the postage to the . they cannot be received on after the mail ¢loses on the preceding evening at 5 o'clock! 1 trust that some euch orrengement as Mr. Ra: ner, the present Postmaster General, formerly eflected with the Postmaster eral at Wash- neton, will egein be © je, by whieh the postage on letters, papers and peric alsmay be pre-paid or aot, atthe option of the party sending them, as ia the "col the pe on letters \e extreme to the other, be three pence, and when the letter is or for England, is only two pence half- ase it the penny, ort ir Mis Kemble was here Inet week, astonishi and delehting the Queen's lieges; there w person deliveving readings from Shakespeare, b be ramowed ot the edvent of the trae “simon pure”. She gave © Orhelio” on Wedaeeday, “ The Tem- at,” on Thardoy, and “Mid Summer Night Jream ow Fridey ening, to crowded houses. [nm what direction ahe has since bent her steps, I have not learned to a ce She read the part of Desdemona with much pathos and effect, and doubtless with much truthful feeling; | the bright sunshine of the nuptial morn, having e@louded, i ory infuriate jealousy of the suspicious Moor, a more igaoble despica- ble passion. A ‘There were 56 deaths ii Aa Bey in Boston, during the week invested, for the pro- | ciple atissue | . Pusxto Caneito, May 1, 1850. | The position of Venezwela—Sovralism at Work—The Law and General Paez—Munagas—The British Char ge d? Affatres and his Advice—Curious His- tory—The Elections of August for the Presiden- cy, &e. Fe. Without having the least desire to infringe upon the rights of your regular correspondent at this port, I wish to give you an insight to various matters ap- pertaining to this country. 1 perceive by the tenor of your extremely interesting and ably conducted journal, that you have received information of the “beautiful state’ in which Venezuela hasbeen plac- ed,since the assassination of its Congregs,on the 24th , of January, 1848, and of the two efforts made by | the real friends of the Constitution, headed by the | patriotic General José Antonio Paez, to re-esta- letter of instructions addressed by him to the British Vice-Consul, at the city of Bolivar, under date of 20th March, 1850, (formerly Angos- tura-Guayama) that he denies the truth of the reports in circulation respecting the supposed in- tentions of his government, and after advising the 1 not to “continue (seguir) to hold confe- rences with aay person who may desire to place Guayana under British protection,” he en- deavors to throw off the responsibility from his own sheulders in reference to this intrigue, by calumniating the partizans of General Vaez, and gier friends of constitutional order, at Guayana, hom he accuses of a desire to throw themselves into the arms of Great Britain, Wilson’s letter, aforesaid, is paraded in the government Gazette, and the Republicano, for the purpose of manifest- ing his owa importance, and likewise to injure Ge- neral Paez and his friends, and, in fact, it is writ- ten in the language of blackguardism. The for- bearance of Ntiiem, in this respect, is not to be at- tributed to the justice of his own government, or of blish the authority of Congress, which, unfortu- natcly proved fruitless in both instances. This re- | sult is to be attributed principally to two causes, | the Umidity and supineness of the supporters of **law and order,” and from the brutal ignorance of | the great masses of the people, who had allowed | themselves to be led away by the seductive princi- | ples of socialism, promulgated by Antonie Leoca- dio Guzman, the most consummate demagogue that ever attempted to delude an uneducated people. Like others of his species, after having se- eda fat office in the Vice Presidency, not a word has been heard frem him in favor of the dear people. Throughout the term of General Monagas, ad- ministration, noted for daily infractions of the laws, and the most oppressive measures ever carried into execution by any government less despotic and ab- aolute then that of the Sultan. You are aware of the act that Congress passed a law ia 1849, prohiting capital punishment for political offences, and sub- stituting therefor banishment from the coun- try, eight years being the maximum permitted by said law. In the month ef August last, General Paez, with his companions, deemed it necessary to surrender to the forces of General Monagas, upon certain conditions, honorable to General Paez, his officers and men, taking into consideration the cir- cumstances of the case, as he was to be allowed to Jeave the country immediately, without suffering the least molestation in property or person. Such were the stipulations agreed upon with General Silva, the commander of the troops of Monagas. I will not attempt to depict the horrible sufferings General Paez and his officers were obliged to un- dergo, after the surrender of their arms to the bar- barous instruments ef Monagas. It is unnecessary to say, that Monagas determined to violate the terms of surrender, and to keep General Paez in close confinement, for an indefiuite period, at the fort of San Antonio, in the city, or near Cumana, without allowing him the use of writing materials, | the visits of his friends, and, finally, prohibiting the | visits of his daughters and others of the family. Mrs. Paez, in view of the inhuman treatment of her husbend, petitioned Congress upon the subject, and that body passed a decree for his immediate banishment from the country, to which Monagas placed his signature of approval. Notwithstanding as sull refuses to allow him to | said decree, Monag depart, without ng any plausible reason for acting in such @ tyiannical manner. Now, Lwili say a passing word in regard toH. B. Charge d’Aflairs near this Government. You will recollect a singular circumstance that occurred a few years since, relative to the conduct of a British agent, who ** accidentally” tixed the boundary line between the British possessions on the Main and Venezuela, a great distance within the acknow- ledged territory of this republic, and that the Vene- vulan government took alarm at this proceeding, and made energetic representations to the British government, which produced partial relief to the anxiety of the government of Venezuela, although the question has never been settled, as it appears to be the policy of the British government, as it has been from time inimemorial, to keep open, for con- Venient opportunity, such questions as may, by their postponement, present room for roach- ment or usurpation. | believe that Wilson had nothing to do with the affair of the boundary line, and will give the ‘devil his due;” but, bless me, his own sense of right, but to the known determi- nation of the United States Government to look with an eagle eye to the usurpations of any Euro- pean power on this continent. Ido not wish to be understood to say that John Bull’s government is always desirous, or willing, to do injustice; but that the misrepresentations of its agents abroad of- ten mislead, and create bitter feelings, and finally, like Wilson, disgrace his master by excesses in the discharge of his official duties. The elections for the Presidency of 1851, com- mence on the first of August next, and continue for eight days in the primary assemblies; but we shall not be able to judge who will probably be elected, until the electoral colleges assemble in November. The actual President, General Monagas, is, how- ever, exerting himself most strenuously in behalf of his brother, General José Gregorio Monagaz; but, asthe people appear to show a certain disin- clination to continue, in the Monagas family, the highest office withim their gift, itis doubtful w! his wishes will be complied with, unlees fi used to alter the determination of the sove! 8. Congrees has been in session since January, aud done nothing whatever for the country’s good. As Genera! Taylor has removed a@ great number of oflice-holders appointed by Mr. Polk and other former administrations, it is strange, indeed, what chaym maintains ia this consulate the preseat in- cumbent. Mr. Shields, the late most able and es- timable Charge d’Affaires near this government, was removed, and superseded by a whig. If the principle of party creed, or ‘* to the victors belong the spoils,” is to be caried out by the administra- tion, let it dismiss all, and do the thing evenly and smoothly. Although I profess to be a whig in prin- ciple, [ am opposed to proscription for mere opin- ion’s sake. It is reported that Mr. Louis Baker, Consul at Laguayra, appointed by General Taylor, has been removed from office recently. | am unacquainted, however, with the particulars respecting the affair of Mr. Baker. Our Tabasco Corespondence, Tanasco, April 16, 1850. The Rivers and Waters of Tabasco, §c. The following is a translation of a small extract from the work of which the above is the title, made for the editor of the New York Herald, for him to make such use of as he may see fit; the trenslator is constantly deriving large quantities of valuable and reliable information from such Heralds as he can get from the masters of American vessels which arrive in this port, and feels that he is only performing a small duty in offering his mite, to be accepted or rejected, as may best please its id capable editor. _ The principal nvers of Tobasco are the Usuma- cinte and the Grijatva; both take their rise in the mountains of Central America, and after crossing a part of the State of Chiapas, pass into this State (Tabasco), and empty into the Gulf of Mexico. _ The river Wsumacinto, it is believed, takes its rise in the mountains of Vera l’az, in Central Amer- ica, crossing the eastern Mogg yanl# of Chiapas, which separates it from the Republic of Central America, and it afterwards forms the boundary be- tween the north-east of Tubasco and the south- west of Yucatan, and serves as a great and useful channel of communication to those my of the republic, and emptying itself into the Gulf by four mouths, viz.: that of Tabasco, San Pedro, Laguna, and Porto Real; it receives various tributaries, but it is only valuable > arn of navigation. until after entering the State. It has beautiful he has other sins sufficient to account for, in his constant intrigues and intermeddling in the affairs of this poor country, Without fathering the doings of his fellow subjects. His diabolical machina- ons, previous to, and upon the 24th January, 1848, in connection with the dreadful catastrophe which occured on that day, are well known anc appreciated, most particularly by Gen Monagas, whojected under adv end at his instiga- | tio 1 will not assert, positively, that Wilson ad- vised Monagns to assassinate the members of Congress, but that he urged him to take such measures as finally led to it, is acknowled, Slavery exists by law in this country, although the numbe slaves ure limited to 20,000 or 25,000, and here again Wilson exercises his ability for in- trigue, probably by direct orders from Lord Pal- merston, or at the instigation of those philanthro- pic societies in Englend, whose ideas of freedom and benevolence are exclusively directed to the African rece, overlooking entirely the dread- ful misery of thew own peopie, especially of the poor Irish, who die by thousands, and hun- dreds of thousands, from absolute want of apotato to keep bedy and soul together. Every few days you will find in the ng > papers of this spatch or circular of Wilson, pur- » be intended for British residents, with a role about slavery and the various acts of Pashament, orders in council, Xe. &e., im- posing penalties upen subjects of her majesty jolding slave property in foreign countries. Allef this parade is made by Wilson to show his great importance, the philanthropy of the British gov- ernment, and to stir up the slaves against their minster, oF, at least, to agitate the slavery ques tion witheut heed to the result. It had been un- derstood that no Lritish subject residing ia foreign countries holding slaves, would, in any event whatever, receive protection from his government ; but now it would appear that the “philanthrep rinciples” of the British cabinet do not extend so far as to refuse its support in the mainten nce of their rights, even in the event of possessing slaves. ‘The high law officer of the crown has decided, however, that Hl. M. subjects residing abroad, who may be interested in slave property, are liable to be prosecuted at home for the offence! A beau- tifel system indeed. luring the eivil contentions of 1843 and 1849, several British subjects have received extremely harsh treatment at the hands of the minions of Gen. Monagas, in consequence of their supposed or real sympathies for Gen. Paes. Their com- plaints and representations obtained not the least from the government of Monagas, until Lord Palmerston, from a strong sense duty « justice towards her miajesty’s subjects, caused * My Lords of the Admiralty” to instract the Earl of Dundonald mander of H. B. M. naval forces, in the West Indies, to take the settle- ment and arrangement of their claims into his hands, in the event of a certain contingency. The Karl (the late fiery old Lord Cochrane) addressed a plain, vigorous and menacing note to Wilson upon the subject of said claims, giving the Vene- vuelan government fourteen days to decide upon the course it might cousider proper to adopt. An extract from this despateh, Wilson enclosed in an- other of his own to the Secretary of Foreign Af- fairs of General Monegas, which tended to create *in the mind of Mr. Secretary Quintero a little un- easiness for what he chose to style © coun- try’s honor,” and therefore let himself down, “delivered a tremendous scolding to Lord Dun- donald and Wilson, in the shape of adespatch, ad- dressed to the latter, which, after being read in cabinet council and approved of by Monegas and his Secretaries, was sent up to the Dritish Legation Wilson was enraged, or, as the Yankees say, “ obstreperous,” at the audacity of Mr. Secretary " 4 h ro in treating so “‘cavalierly” his lordshi castigation.” In the mean time that ily pereonage, “his excellency, ” the View President, Sr G an, got wind that Wilson and uintero Wereat theads,” and instantly flewto the President, and ses him, trembling, upon Mr. President, | have just heard that of war has been sent in to Wilson; can it he?” General Monagas replied that he had not been able to discover any thing of the kind in the copy read to him = The cpoy was then reed again in the presence of Monagas, Guzman and of the Secretaries of State. But the fear for my Lerd Dundonald prevailed, and the cabinet be- gon to discover something in the despatch that merited a correction. Mr, Secretary Quintero, on finding that fear eR to be the predominant passion, ened position immediately and withdrew. Flis resignation was as promptly ao- cepted, end the offensive note to Wilson withdrawn instently, to appease the latter. The successor of Secretary Quintero, Senor Fernando Olavarria, sent subsequently to Wilson one of the most humiliating qe patehes | ever heard, or read of, in exculpation of the government, and denunciatory of his predecessor's official con- duct. The claimants will now obtain indemnifi- cation from the Lema go government, probably, without the necessity of further interference of the Britich admiral. It has been currently reported, , for come time past, that the British government were anxious to gain poseession of Venezuelan Guayana, end, consequently, the complete con- | trol ot the great Orinoco river, and this rumot has gained credence from the st conduct of Wil- son. The measures adopted by the United States ernment in the Nicaragua question, or rather | the firmness of Mr. Squier, in relation to the sean- dalous usurpations of British agents in that quar- ter, undoubtedly has had a beneficial effect ao | Wilson, as 1 perceive, by a published copy of an falls above its rh point. Along its banks are situated the small villages of Jounta, Monte Cristo, Balanean, Multe, Santa Ana, and Teno- sique, also various large estates (haciendas), all situated in the department of Usumacinta, w! 5 named after this river, it deriving its greatest im- portance from that river passing through it, parti- cularly in the logwood business. On the banks of this river and tnbutaries are large establishments for cutting thet article. It wider than the Grijalva, its current not so strong, the water deeper, but the region through which it passes is very sparsely populated. he Grijalva tekes its name from Captain Juan de Grijalva, who discovered it for the Spaniards in 1518, but it only keeps this name a short distance above the city of T co (San Juan Bautista), where it takes the name of Mescalapa. Under this new name it passes through a part of the territory of the State of Vera Cruz, and enters into the State of Chiapas, where it again changes its name, taking that of Chiapa, because of its passing near the city of that name. It rises in the Cuchumatanes chain of mountains in Central Aj its source to the village of Za portion of it within the State of Chiapas, it is only navigable for a short time in each year, on account of its rapid current, ics being very crooked, and full of rock: id rapids. It passes entirely under a chain of mountains rear Chiapa, re-appearing on the opposite side, after being en- tirely lost fora time under the mountain. It re- ceives many small streams as tributaries, which descend from the mountains bordering ite banks, which streams keep it supplied with water the whole — round. From Zayula to near this capital (Ta- eco), that is, from the point where it takes the name of Mescalapa, it is navigable for small ves- eels; but for large vessels its navigation is only of importance from the point where it takes the name jalva. From there, it has a gentle current, wide and deep bed. Passing by this capital, and alter a course of twenty-eight leagues, @ little east of north, it enters the Crulf of Mexico. In the year 1840, the Texan war steamer Zavala, together with two sail vessels of war, ascended this river to this capital; at the same time, and in their company, were one brig and two schooners, armed as war vessels, and belonging to Yucatan. In 1843 the war steamers of the republic came up to this city, and this year (1446) this city was attacked by an armed naval foree belonging to the United States, and without any of the vessels meeting any obstacle navies ¢ e river. It re- ccives on its right bank, and about one league from this city, the nver Istacomitan, which rises in the mountains of Chiapas, and pisses near Chapul nango, Istacomitan, and Pechuealco; it is navigal for bongos, as far the two last named eae, About a mile above city, it receives the united waters of the rivers Teapa and Tagotalpo, both of which rise inthe mountains of Chiapas.— The first passes by Tapituta, Isguatan, Istapanga- joya and Teapa, and at two leagues from this fat. From ter village, at a place called “ The Hermita,” it commences being navigable for bongos and large During its course, it receives the Puyaca- ‘otalpa, or Sierra, re- and unites with after eo canoes. The second, or stream e@alled the Caca at a point called “ The Ist which, and after running a distance of fi it joms the Grijalva as above stated. he Puseatan is also a tributary of the G the Puscatan also rises in the mountains of C receiving in its course the Tul After thi has formed the beautiful falle passed by Macuspana and Tepetitan, it empties i the twe mouths called Chilapa and Chilapilla, the latter thirteen and the former id; nine leagues from the villege of Frontera. On the left hand, (deecending) the Mescalapa throws eff a considerable branch or arm about ten leagues above th pita),-at a place called the Platano, and forms the river Gonzalez, which is a le for bongos and large e for nearly the whole of the year, through its entire length, which is about thirty le to the points where mpties into the Gull of exico. These two points are called Chil- tepeque bar, and the bar of Dos Bocas, (two mouths.) After receiving the waters of the Pasce- tan river, the Grijalva connects itself with the Usumacinto are of this latter river, at the points known as “The Idols,” (Los Idolos) tive leagues from Frontera and “Three Arms,” (Tres Brasos,) three leagues from the same place. These two large rivers thus united, form a wide river which receives the waters of the Tabasquillo, a small stream rising in the lakes and swamps lying be- tween the Grijalva and Gonzalez rivers, and passes by the village of Frontera, where it becomes much wider (a full mile at least) and enters the Gulf at the main or principal bar cf Tabasco, about one and a half leagues from the last mentioned village. The waters of these rivers are distinguishable at the distance of ten or twelve leagues at sea, at all sea- sone, and during the times igh freshets in the river, much greater distance. u Innumerable other streams cross through this State, in every direction, besides which there are many deep Takes in every part of the State, which contain water the whole year, and which are va- luable adjuncts to its internal navigation and com- merce. Domestic Miscellany. The Charlestom (8. € ) Cotton Manufactaring Com pany are about to erect another by 15,000 spindies, Four hundred thousand have been subseribed for the purpose. Henry M. Paine, the inventor af the water gas, has ngineer PA sarget go for stander, S ‘Wasuine ton, June 80, 1850. Fragments of the Current News arownd Town. ‘The free soilers having made a movement in cau- cus, last Friday night, in behalf of California ex- clusively, and of its precedence over all other mea- sures, the extreme Southern whigs, such as Stephens, of Georgia, Toombs, Clingman, and others, had a little caucus last evening. The point upon which they consulted was, whether they should go for passing the annual appropriation, and then hurry up an adjournment of Congrees to December ; or whether they should continue the struggle, to se- cure some satisfactory compromise at the present session. What the result of their proceedings was we have not exactly ascertained; but we uader- stand they are to have a larger and more general caucus in a day or two, ‘We begin to think, that the only compromise which will prevail at this session, will be a compro- mire to pane the apereseiations nd adjourn, The moderadces of the House seem to be looking in that direction ; but the Northern ultras have already de- termined to insist upon California, to the exclusion of the appropriations, if necessary. Mr. Clay 28 a splendid old man. When he iatro- duced his compromise resolutions in the Senate, in order to kindle up the patriotic emotions of his as- sociates on the tloor, he not eniy appealed to the disasters of dissolution, the alarm of the people, the lory of the Union, and the farewell legacy of ater Patria, but he exhibited a piece of the coffin of Washington, the more efiectively to impress upon the Senate the solemn duties they had to perform. When he subsequently explained his bill, he de- scribed the five bleeding wounds of the country, to wit: California, one; the territories, two; the Texas boundary, three ; the fugitive slave question, four; the slave trade in this District, five,—all open, ali bleeding, and all of which he proposes to hea! eccording to Mr. Benton, by the application of “old Dr. Jacob Townsend’s Sar-sa-pa-rilla !” To carry out his splendid programme, we now un- derstand that it is the intention of Mr. Clay, if possible, to pass this bill on the eve of the fourth of July, so as to blend it with the De claration of Independence when it goes to the House. What a happy thought! But the difficulty will be in Crea? it out. The probability is, the fourth will go by, with the bill still swinging upon a single hinge in the Senate. Speaking of sarsaparilla, we have neglected to mention, that in consideration of his flattering notice of the medi- cine, old Dr. Jacob Townsend has sent a box of his well known article to Col. Benton, with a very flat- tering letter of thanks. And should the Omnibus become the law of the land, the extract may be of use to the distinguished Senator from Missouri. He is enderstood to have promised to try the first bottle, when the bill passes the Senate. Scan mag. There are two or three doubtful votes in the Senate, which are said to be oscillating between Texas scrip and executive patronage. But rumors of this sort are not entitled to credence without some appearance of testimony to support them. The executive has some patronage, and the increased value of Texas scrip depeads largely upon the Omnibus; but that is no proof one way or the other. % The difficulty between the United States and Spain, is not yet settled. The Spanish Minister is not satisfied, snd there are some misgivings that the Spanish home government will deal severely with the prisoners sull detained by Alcoy. Inthe mean time the Secretary of State has been exerting all his power to bring the expeditionists escaping to the United States, to trial ; while the Spanisn Minister is said to be urging a new treaty for the more stringent protection of the island of Cuba to Spain, in the event of any such expeditions for the future. Between the ‘wie dispute, theCuba bu- siness, and the troubles still prevailing in Central America, and the Galphin claim, the cabinet are sorely put to it; and in these things the future will be full of startling disclosures. Wasuinoton, June 24, 1850. Spiritual Knockings Transferred from Barnwm's Musrum, New York, to the Politwal Museum of Cabinet Curiosities, at Washington. Mr. Bennetr:—Knowing that your philosophic journal keeps up with all the improvements of the age, and considerably contributes to knock down all the humbugs of the same, I am induced to send you am account, and to leave to your option its publication, ef the political revelations that have recently come to light in this political city of darkness. These refer to the “ mys- terious rappings’” that have been recently heard in the neighborhood of the President's mansion. Whatis singular about this phenome- non is, that the “ mysterious knockings” are heard only, or particularly, on cabinet days. They have interrupted the cabinet meetings so frequent- y that they have been unanimously voted destruc- ive to their deliberations. Upon one occasion, she President ventured to suggest that it might be “ Bennett’s Herald.” “No! it could’nt be that,” all the cabinet, very much alarmed. ‘“ Then t's the Union,” said Old Zach. “ Tom Ritchie could'nt make such a noise as that,” said Clayton, Another rap. ,“*The dead Repwbi said Old Zach. ‘ What! the red republic,’ exclaimed Johnson. **No!" vociferated Old Zach, “ the dead Republic.” “ Ob!” said Ewing, “ the d—d Republic!” “ No swearing in cabinet hours,” said Old Zach. t's the ghost of Bullitt, I'll bet,” said Crawford, ‘or else old Galphin come to life.” “It's the ghost of all the office-holders who have been decapitated under this administration,” said Preston. ‘* Political ghosts never return,” said Old Zach, “until four years after their death. Crawford, when will yours come back?” The raps here were very loud, us if indicating an eternity of suspense. Gentlemen, we must proceed to business, said the President. Rap, rap, rap, commenc the spirits. “ Joe Hales, asking for admission, said Clayton. ‘Stop that knocking, Joc,” said the President. “ You are very — Inoking, but you can't come in, Joseph.” ap, Tap, rap, “ That Seaton,” said Johnson. “Why, we can't t rid of that man,” said Old Zach, somewhat urious. “1 just want to know how all my foreign appointments are abroad?’ * Well, wait till we have communication with the spirits,” eaid Clay- ton. Kap, rap, rap! “How are all Mr. Sea- ton’s relatives under the government!” A few uses. Rap, trap, rap! ‘ Very well, only a little crowded.” «How comes on the new lic?” asked Crawford. Rap, rap—*The census will make it te The cabinet now resolved to install the spirits into effice. They determined, they could not t rid of them, to make the most of them. I am direct communication with these political spirits, and I hold intercourse with them on all cabinet occasions. Of course, they communicate to me, ver, ge and frankly, every thing that transpires inthe cabinet. These spirits are very good, but pethaps they are in evil hands. They may be the resurrection of the political dead, indeed, as Gen- eral Taylor surmises. They may be the sepulchral voices of the people. They may be the warning band showing its skinny bones in skeleton knuckles, and inviting a political downfall certain net walls. There may be none in that t to interpret them, indeed. But let them beware! There is a day ef reckoning that shall y for recklessness. Letno man in this country— jet no men in this government, think they can act unjustly with impunity. The delu: 3 of folly im the government will be interpreted by terrible po- pular knockings out of doors—aye, upon the iron doors that they would build around themselves, but which, nevertheless, are accessible to the po-s pular spirits. They may not interpret it—parasite, = strive to conceal it—government ignorance- with all its stupendous force of government patron; age, may contribute to envelope it in more mystery but there will be a voice, not slow and silent, like the smitten conscience, but deep, loud, and terrible as the blast, and destructive as the whirlwind, that all arouse a languid and torpid cabinet from its stupor, and arouse them to a sense of their own de- gradation as they would urge the government to its destruction. Tue Srinit or THE La The Crops. The Geegpews (8. ©.) Observer, of the 26th ult., saye— have only to repeat what we said last week, that the weather still continues very warm, the thermometer reaching, on Monday, 90° of Fahrenheit. The drought also continue: have had but a slight _— not sufficient to lay the dust. The corn is suflering greatly for the want of rain, and unless we get some soon, must be materially injured. It is seldom that we have had so warm and dry a June. The rice is aot in- jured by the drought, although a good would of no disadvantage to it. Since writing our ac- count of the cate last week, we have been in- formed by several planters that the crop of the dis- trict generally is by no means as good as usual, and that unless a wonderful change come over the tice, it will be short. We may add, that so general is the drought, that salt water is making its appear- ance in the rivers. The Savannah (Ga.) Repwhlican, of the 27th ult., says:—Aceounts are pouring in upon us from ali sections of the State, of the disastrous appear- ance of the cotton crops. We have taken particu- lar pains te collect the most reliable information from the principal cotton gro’ districts of the State, and all agree in yo tenor of gloomy Pas pa Oh ean in ae | that the cotton in the southwestern the State present am appearance of aotual iitghe, which may be at- tributed to the coldness in the early part of the season, Which deprived it of its healthy start; then the long continued drought, which juced an un- healthy appearance; and now the ravages of the lice. ‘The Panorma of New York Steamboats. THR EXTENT OF OUR RIVER STRAM NAVIGATION THR FLOATING PALACES—THE PERRIES—~TIE TRAVBL, ETO. We havo frequently adverted im our eolumns to the vast and repid increase of our city, and to the nume- rous improvements that are almoat daily being effected in it, In our records, from time to time, ot the amount of emigration to this port, which, with every successive year, is on a progressively increasing seale, we see il- lustrations of its growing importance. With the growth of our population, towns have arisen in our immediate vicinity on either bank of our rivers, vieing almost in extent with Gotham itself, and se nearly connected that they seem to form one vast city. The intimate relations that necessarily exist between those various towns, have demanded facilities for frequent and rapid intercourse betweem¢hem ; and consequently our rivera ere studded with boats ferrying our population from one portion to another, The gradual yet rapid in- crease of, and improvements effected in ,these ferries, afford another interesting evidence of the growth and prosperity of New York. On the North River we have a ferry to Jersey City, jand another to Staten Island, both delightful localities for suburban residences. We have also a ferry to Hoboken, than which, within a convenient distance, we have not a more delightful retreat from the closeness and fatigues of a city life. Ou the East River we have various ferries to Brook- lyn and Williamsburgh, towns that can hardly be con- sidered but as continuations of the city itself. In ad- dition, we have rapid sad daily communication up eack of our rivers, to towns which by the aid of steam, are brought within a fow hours bail. We have been at some pains to gather information in relation to each of these departments of the steam navigation of the East and North Rivers, and shall devote some space to the subject. THE FERRIBS. Of the ferries, the most extensive are those owned by the Brooklyn Union Ferry Company, viz :—the Fulton ferry, communicating between the streets of that name in Brooklyn and New York, respectively ; South forry, from Whitehall street to Atlantic street ; and Hamil- ton avenue from the foot of Whitehall street. These ferries have been im operation several years, but the reduction of the fare to its present low standard, and many other important improvements, are ot much more recent date, As consequence of the facilities sflorded, the traffic over these ferries is immense. The regate number of commutation passengers alone, exceeds nine thousand, At this season of the year, during fino weather, it is calculated that upwards of thirty thousand persons cross by the boats, either to or from New York, in one day,in addition toa large number of carriages and vehicles of various descrip- tions. Fvery inducement is offered for the enoour- agement of this vast amount of traffic, both in the eom- fort, frequency, and rapidity of the passages. The boats are fitted wp ina bandsome style, and are ex- ceedingly commodicus. They are large, and furnished with powerfwl engines. During the day time, a boat leaves cach pier every five or ten minutes, oceu- pying about five minutes in making tue trip. In ad- dition to this, at the Fulton ferry, a boat starts every half hour during the whole night, which arrangement is a great convenience to persons furnishing the mar- kets in Now York, and others. At each ferry, com- fortable rooms are provided for the accommodation of passengers waiting the arrival of boats, and, indood, the whole arrangements are made with a view to in- sure the safety of passengers, and tho stability of the rks. About two hundred and thirty men are com- tly employed by the Brooklyn Union Ferry Com- any, sixty of whom are mechanics, the remainder ing omployed on the boats or #1 The amount of wages paid by the company monthly, exceeds cight thousand dollars. and the annual consumption of coal in rather over twelve thousand tons. The company are running ten large boats, exclusive of several spare vessels ot smaller burthen.’ Annexed a list of the boats, showing their comparative Horse Power Names of Vessels Bedford. . . Wyandyck. Manhattan. New York. Brooklyn. Union. . Nassau, Fulton. CATHARINE FRRRY, In addition to these ferries, there is also a ferr ated wt the toot of Catharine street, called Catharine ferry, and running to Main street, Brooklyn. This ferry is owned by Samuel and Gilbert W. Browne, and is of somewhat recent establishment. The amount of traf. t this ferry is considerable, but i ia small compa- 0 that enjoyed by the Brooklyn Union Company, ‘The boats, also, are much smaller, though in point of comfort, nothing is wanting. They average seven trips Per Bour during the dey time, but after 12 P.M ts cease to run until d o'clock A.M. The company 18 20 men, whose monthly wages average about Fou constantly kept running, list of which we ap, Power Name of Boat Tonnage. of Engine. Liberty. . 125 80 Olive. 1D 80 Independence 100 80 Washington. 100 80 @ yRRRY ip @ ferry runs to Williams. we From the foot of in 1843, and was open May lat, 1518. (Having passed into new and mors libs: ral hands, the ferry has vastly improved, and not the least important consideration is, the fares have been reduced. The boats, lips, waiting rooms, &o. are all newly constructed, and leave nothing to be desired; and by paying $650 per year, you Pass over the ferry as often as you please, ‘Belonging to the sa ferty situated at the foot of Grand mame regulations apply. The boot % about © trips every dij h ferry, whilst w boat runs every halfhour be Peck slip and Williama- burg, through tho whole night, Each boat is furnished with th whose wages, including those of the employed, amount to $4,000 per month. To there is a correspondin, yea about 6.400 tons. ployed. The following are Pree #Ly Names. Engines Onelaska, . 250 Oneola. . . 20 Niagara. . 250 Osceols, (spare boat)...» 10 200 20 180 In addition to there, t) two small boats from H: retreated from the city in order to enjoy them. bave oo, to speak the facilities of reaching delightful spot. The ferryof whic oken above, employe two boats, which, without be: pec mens of Uriental elegance, aro at least suffciently comfortable to satisfy all reasonable desires, They leave in_ rotation every half hour, for and from New York. The fare is only 12% cents. The ferry employs 2 men, whose monthly wages average $1,100. The boats and tonnage, are , ba Power of seseeese vee BO Engine Staten Isiander, . 00 150 ‘The second , owned by Mr. Vanderbilt, rans from the foot of Battery Place to New Brighton, Sailors’ Snug Harbor, Factoryville Port Richmond, at which latter place the extensive quarry works of Merers Russ and Reid are situated. piaces are situated on the north side of the Island, and are less populous than those on south side. The ferry rune every half heur—the fare being also 124 cents. On Tons this . 12men are employed, the monthly wages ph ‘00. The only steamer employed is the ‘fe guenot:— Py Enginw. Hugenot..... fare four cents. The gene: nience ef the boats, &c..in reference to other 5 apply equally well to this—it is all that could be ex- pected or wished. About 1,600 persons © ite for this ferry. This ferry, also, runs during t! intervals of half an hou numberof people availing the men ate constantly empl by_the company at an ge monthly wages of $1400. The following are the boate of the company ;— — ve Engine. 500 Hopomrs renny This fe belo to the Hoboken Land Company, fnd startefrom the foot of Barclay street, E ver, 1 has been in existence ever 7, i — be ed the Bly- prised by the New Yorkers then as at the present time. The traffic on this ish ye the traffic is im- mense, 12000 persons havi visited Hoboken last Sunday. The ey ee 4 |. whose monthly wages amount to nearly $4. boats owned by the company and employed at the different ferries, with their tom and horse mle dele tong Power of the engines, are Horse Power Names of Boats. . Jobn Fiteb. .... by ir. James Ramey. ae Newark . 166 Hoboken . sees le In addition to these ferries, there are the Navy Yard Ferry, trom the foot of Jackson street, and Grand street Ferry, to Williamsburg, ing Phillip, sland, The Corporation also employ @ boat. the Biying between Grand street and Blackwell ‘he King Phillip is 170 tons burthen, and has ine of 80 horse pow: Bhe leaves (rand street at® .M., and 1 and 3 P. M. every day, excepting Sunday, on which day she is employed on pleasure exoursiens, | NORTH AND BAST RIVER STEAMBOATS, | We will now turn to the regular lines of boats plying on the North River, for Boston, Stonington, Providen Newport, Fall River, Norwich, Albany, Hartford necticut River, Philadelphia, Hudson, Catskill, &¢., & We could cecupy all our space with s description of the beauties of these various places, but probably ow readers are already well acquainted with them, and | have long ere this ‘made up thoir minds to migrate te | One or the other, some time this summer, At present j we have space for little more thana of the different boats, &e., with an occasional remark:— THE BOSTON LINES. BAY STATE STEAM BOAT COMPANY, 2. Power of Twnnage, Length. Engine. 320 “we +1 « “ 900 These boats run for Boston via Newport and Fall River, daily, and are nearly new, the company having beon established in 1847. They are most splendidly fitted—in this respect defying ‘their superior. The accommodations almost luxurious. and, at the same time, very extensive, having facilities to supply 500 state rooms. Fare $4. They start at five P.M, from pice No. 3, North River. THE ALDANY LINES, ‘THs PROPLE'S LINK FOR ALBANY, Power of Pessels. Captain, Tonnage. Length. engine. Taaac Nowton. Peek, 1,400 30 600 Oregon. . t. John, 1.060 330 we New World cker, 1400 376 00 Hendrick Hud ————— 1,200 Sal od Alida... . » 1,600 OL ae oe tone, a ‘This line ia divided into twe—the night and day line«— one of the first two vessels startingevery day. from pier between Liberty and Courtland street. at 6 P M..and the latter at 7 A.M. Tho boats are of the first class, the saloons and state rooms being almost dassling im their splendor, In these vessels, travelling must be come a real luxury, and we could not wish for a better conveyance, The New World is, we believe, the fastest boat on either of our rivers, having made as mnob as %4 miles in an hour. Bach of these boats will accom- modate about 500 first-class passengers, and has curried more. Fare $1 and 50 cents. THE STONINGTON AND PROVIDENCE LINK. Vessel. Captain. Tonnage. Length. Engine. ©. Vanderbilt.....Stone, 1,500 330 BU Commodore... ...;Frazer, 1,000 300600 ‘Theee boats start, o2 alternate days, fro 3% North River, at 5 P.M. If wowere to desoribe every boat of which we have occasion to speak, we should t through our list; and we must, therefore, fer- bear from a description of the luxury and convenienous supplied by the accommodations of the above boats, Som Mona ics ANS Wenceenne tie ‘ivton Coptoin. ‘onnage. Length. Wiliams, rea" : Wileox, 1,000 00 boats starts every day, at 6 P. M., from pier 18, North River. NEW LINK TO HARTFORD. Vessel. Connecticut... ... a eae 108 This beautiful boat starts overy Monday, Wednesday end Friday, from Murray strecteat 6 P.M. INDEPMNDANT LINR TO PIULADELPHIA. Captain, bak as Length. Engine. 600 cesses Flowers, soot... . Seymour, ‘These boats start daily at 6 P.M. from pior 13, N. B. BUSOKLLAN OUR LINES, Oaptain, Tonnage. Start Prom Mollea, 400) ono overy foot of King, O05 day, 5 P.M. Codar st. Coffin, 700) every day, foos of Penteld, 705 “OPM.” Cedaras. 40 day, fooret FA a wo # Barelay wt. Henderson, $50) every day, Murray Anderson, 405 ‘sesroee, 110 “once ® week, Whitlock, 820 ry day, * RAST RIVER NOATS. Sanford, 50? overy day, Pook King, aos Rae lip. “Beebe, 450 altoruate days. . Ban cevorr, Norwalk, Peck, 900 ovory day, 33, Fiton ap. Fusing AND Agronia. 94 Fulton at 1 ‘ul Wash'ton Irving, Leonard, — 4504 $4) als. 00 daily 3 P.M. ° ‘i ati. iantronn, ete ee Champion, Tinklepaugh, 500“ “ The above do not probably embrace all the river boats in this vicinity, If we have omitted any, we trust that those interested will send us word. Commencement at Princeton College. | From the Newark (N. J.) Advertiser, se This has beens proud day for the College ot w Jersey. From an early hour in the morning. the merous vehicles crowding every road lwading into t! Village, gave token of ® gala day approaching day m beautiful as only aday in the leafy m: of June can be The College ot New Jersey has never, at apy preceding point in her history. rendered more effvetual service to the cause of virtue. science, and religion, than it is now doing. Her able faculty, and ber illustrious name, more than balfa century since, had endeared her to Protestant Europe. and her {n- creasing reputation keeping pace with the claims of progress in science and in art, like the mame of Lord Chatham with reference to England has reodered the State of New Jersey “ respectable in every country of the globe.” Long may she continue to dispense ber golden stores. enriching herself, and blessing the State he: des—for learn! like mercy, in its dis twice blessed, ~ 1t blesses him that gives, At 9 o'ch ea pres I o'el . & procession was formed iu the Coll Chapel. composed of the faculty and students ot 1M venerable institution, and tn iv, Col. Geo. W. Bolling, of Virginia, the venerable Mr Snowden, « graduate of the class of 1787, the Hon. Mr. Nevin. of New York, President Charles King. of Colum- bia College, New York; and many other persons of dis- tinction A large number of the second degree were conferred in course upon Alumni, and among the honorary de- grees, Newark was not forgotten. The degree of D. was conferred upon the Kev. Jonathan Frenok mm conferred w Btearne The degree of A.B. was thei the foliowing members of the graduating clas homas Anderson, N. J" 8. Lee Kyle, Va, Wao. ® ltred I. Barber, y. Md; Joseph Bardwell, Ga; Thomas A. Bisland. Mire; George M. Marshall. Miss; Kobert Bolling, V A. Marshall, Pw: William N. Bolling, V Millan, Mise; Charles D. Bonsall, M Mellon. Mise | Charles E. Brown, Md; N.J.; Jos H Bruere, N , William Burns, Ireland: Wilda Hi. Canfield, NJ; 8. M. Osmond, Pa; Jesse K. Cini ton, N.J; DH. Packar, Ala; Arebibald P. Cobb, N J; Jno. © Paul, NJ; JobnT. Coit, 8 OC; A. Phil- lips, a; 1. A. Cornelison, Pa: 8. it Pieres, NY; Theo. Crane, N. J.: Jackson Piper, Md; William TY. Va., Levi T. Rodes, Ky; W. irkpatrick, Jr J. Ryre Shaw, Pe My o Pa Revel Stewart, NJ; J Stone, Md; Lewis Stover. Lachlan ©. Vase, Va: A Voor! Thomas, Md Dani. Warfield, Jr., Md; Wm. L. Wells, 8.0 ; Jno. Ma; A. PB. White 4 u head, N.d.5 Hdwin T. The second in the arts (A.M) was conferred upon the Biowing. ataduates, of the class of 1847, im course:—Horatio Hopkins, pegueee L. Martin, Joba Stiger. M. D., Augustine Hl. Fish, Busebius L,. Jo: * SE Ywhicenead ederim gion, Wal Berry, Win. Sergeant, &. verly R. Wellford, Wm W. Marsh. Nathan Steward, Thos, 8. jock. M.D. John HH. str Aaron P. Dalrymple, Alexander ©. Stark, Septimus Brown, A. Ryans Wil- ron, John N ry. John Wesley Renn, Alfred Cuthbert. Jr Henry Rinker, Joseph M. Rittenhouse, eoryh M |. Geo, Robeson. Henry Taylor, AG. Thorp, John Chetwood, Jr, Chas, T. Retlows, Chae. McK night, Alfred Martico, Leone T. H. Irving, iletster Clymer RONORARY DEGREES The honorary ree of DD. was conferred on the Rev Alexander Beith. of Sterling. Scotiand; the Rev. Shepard K. Kollock. Rey. John Hall of Trenton, Rev Sepowee, of Philadelphia Jund Rev. domes © Woods, ‘ay. La 2, of Lowitown, Pa. ap rarca peony degree of LL D. was conferred on the uchanan, the Hon. P. D. ¥ Chiet Jnstice Henry W. Green ae The of A.M. was conferred on Daniel R Phi. lips, of NJ 4 nj. Matthias. of Philadelphia; sam: ridge, of Missouri; Lorenso A Sykes, of NI The degree of Bachelor of Law Jon if Kearney, of Newark: and Peter, Vootheon, of Blauvenburg, graduates of \ A meet Greek Ianguage determination — —