The New York Herald Newspaper, July 2, 1850, Page 3

The Defeas oe oie Knglish Ministry. PHE DEBATE IN! s+ ORDS ON THE GREEK | On Monday » i, the discussion , on Lord Stanley we reek questioa, drew together ts rae attendanee of Peers. The str) i the space behind | the bar, the geil ve sand for the mem- | 1 bers of the oF | crowded, aud | there were lsc ny = present an the por- | tion of the hous: rin. Seldom oa any similar occu Jpper Chamber pre- | sented a more kiag appearance, Before the vd Brougham | that the stand- ced with reterence | was then “occupy- othe Peeresses’ gal- i disposed to retain his sck Rod shortly ap- d Lord Brougham’s er the stir which this ctenes aoe je aause men ing orders of the Ho tothe Chevalier 8 ing the room of two dery. His exce)i« seat, but the Usher: peared at the side oo Lord STaNLey eid, | drag the House throw, ble, but he could ier ‘with regret and Tavish expenditure they discloeed. © overnment had ied, vos far from his wish to ers lying on i « thathe had risen odigality of folly, the ed ingenuity which ch her majesty’s alculated to en. of this country with | Ne hoped and trusted ¥, but he would ask the governwent had unaecessary rashness, nich had beea compal- ek government had extent unjust? He re t ( was a kingdom 3 standing, and that sranteed by England, any years past, the o* great powers ap- not on streagthening the hy, but on intriguing in the goverament rench influence had in consequence, it esentative at Athens, that io compliance with n hostility to that of this portion of the claims put | ther tordships had heard of persons who could to an interference such haif. In the case of | demanded for havi sh subject, though it afterwaids turned out. on a! snquiry, that no torture had ever been inti ine noble lord then passed in review the cvse of tie Fantome, and that of the Jonian governn cod declared that it was difh- cult to argue such claims for compensation as those against Greece in 4 sutisfaciory manner, wearing, asphey did, more ti of a tradesmen’s than a nation He must, how- “ever, express his ind a that out of such in- significant questions wid arise the risk of an European war. he modest demand made by ‘Mr. Finlay, for 4 piree of land which cost him 300 drachmas, was 40,000 drachmas, or £1,500; yet, while the British government were laying papers, with reference to this demand, on the table of their rdships’ House, it was aware that Mr. Fialay’s claim had been settled by arbitration with his con- gent. The noble lord described such conduct as a breach'of faith on the part of the government, and as tampering with their lordships’ confidenee. With | regard to the claims of M. Pacifico, he ridiculed, lst the laughter of the House, the accuracy with which the furniture of M. Pacifico’s house chad been specilied. He pointed out the extraordi- nary absurdity of the British government insisting on the en of £21,000, for alleged claims against Portugal, which the government of that country had declared not to be worth one farthi and remarked, in indigvant terms, that the Britis! overnment had pressed for the payment of all its lemands on Greece in aod had swat its fleet to enforce that payment within twenty-four hours. He then described the course which the questions thus raised between this country and Greece had followed, and how the extent of M. Pacifico’s claims hed interfered with « settlement. testimony to the noble und dignified conduct of the Greek government, who were unable to resist, and whose suflerings hi dl the sympathy of Eur Mr. Wyse and Admiral Parker had only acte org} te their instructions, and he was eure that the latter would rather have been en- gaged in the most deadly contest of an honorable warfare, than in such transactions. The noble lord, dn eloquent terms, contrasied the tone of the Em- ror of Russia’s letter on the Greek question, to is representative in this country, with that which Lord Palmers: { thought fit to adopt to the defenceless government ot Greece. He reminded the House that Fraoce, though sho desired to raue a mest trieadiy course ef conduct towards Et land, had been «teaated by the treatment which she hed received. The question of the fsland of Sapienza was one on which the British .goverpment hed uo right to act independently of the other protecting powers ; and now that Russia thad protested on the subject, he supposed the claim which had been made would be withdrawn. The order to take forcible posseesion of the island, how- ever, had not been reseinded, and had only not been executed, because Admiral Parker and Mr. ‘Wyse had had more discretion than Lord Palmers- ton. He thought that he had made ont the points stated in his motion ; and if they had been guilty of injustice—if they had made extrav: it a mands—if they had oppressed the weak and dis sted the stroog—it became that House to show that the government of England was not England. In a strain of the highest eloquence, he called on the House to vindieate the authority of a great nation, prostituted by aa attempt to enforce unjust demands upon a weak and defenceless State. The Marquis or Laxsvowns, in reply, acknow- Jedged that the Goverament was responsible for the transactions Which the noble lord had brought un- der review, but im the House of Commons, Lord Palmerston had been subjected to no attacks upon the matter in question; aud he hoped to satisfy their lordships that the speech which Lord Stanley had made, was indebted much more to the — of the epeaker than te its intrinsic merits. He dispu- ted entirely the souadasse of the resolution before the House, in poimt of international law. He pointed out that ries to the persons and properties of British subjects abroad had always been held to justify a perempiory demand for redress, and that ‘without reference to whether the goverament of the country where the injuries.were sustained, was an absolute monarchy, a constitutional monarchy, ora republi Greece, as the House had been told, ‘was an independent Bo, she must accept the responsibilities aswell as the Privileges of that porition. He quoted a number of instances where foreiva nations, whose subjects jhad been treated with indignity, had enforced re- dress in an equally decisive manner as in the case Defore the House; ond he closed his list by mention- ing that at the present moment American ships of war were on ther way to Lisbon to support peremp- tory demands for redress made by the government of the United States on that of Portugal. Coming to the main point the noble lord's speech—he ex- pre: his regret thet Lord Stanley had con- descended attack Pacitico’s character. the other gree no such result whether the not been chare apd Naeier the sorily urged upon not Riese to a minded the house 1) of not more thai its independence France, and ‘or Tepresentatives of 1! t peared to have been inten authority of the Growl ine to strengthen their own i fue of that country, (f ly been i a t the governm: French interest, country. . forward, uid tollo nduct of and ter oh nd ef wi never be considered ent as that undertaken ou their bh Btellio Sumac: tortured a br M Whatever that choract+r might be, it had nothing to whatever to do with the qu bo Wilkes might have been a gombler,*and cheated at ph et the principles which were associated with is name werr “ compromised thereby. In the same way, Lord Stowell had pronounced many aplendid decisions on points ot Law, evolving | which the country was great and important truths, though the people te whom his judgments reterred were many of them slave dealers, pirates, and adulterers. The noble lord had referred to Mr. Finlay’s case, but through the influence of the (creek Goverament the arbitra- tore had neve: heen allowed to meet, and the wri- ters on interns ‘ional law declared th delay was as bad as a de: Aqain, in the case of «the robbers choosing | (reek custom: house in order ‘foc! on # ayetem for; loadering lonian subject: a reamaged th ‘he or that § ir Edmund Leen? letrer to the ek govern nent on that subject had ) Never been weted. M. Pacifico’s claims had been made to the Creek Cg: om in general terms, to prevent inconvemence, if that government raised ns eaveneonshl objection. Subsequently to the dishonest acts which (he noble lord had alluded to, M. Pacifico had been « consul under the Greek governme! «i he had too much respect for that governny believe that it would employ. in such an office a man of woper character. The claime which had been mede upon Greece had re- ceived the sanction of the cabinet, and the house ‘would not, therefore, he hoped, consider them 80 exaggerated and unjust as the noble lord had de- scribed them. As tothe feeling of Russia on the subject, he attributed it to an impression that the claims against Greece had been too suddenly en- forced, and with toovbort notice. He justified the em- loyment of so large a force under Admiral Parker. ie emphatically denied (hat the amity betweenRus sia and thie country had heen disturbed,and declared that the community of feeling, expecially with refe- rence to all questions connected with the North of Europe, never stood higher than at the present mo- ment. h reference to the passing cloud which obscured for a moment the relations of fri — Sewees this country ang France, M jated it would soon pass awa © expresaes is regret that the convention Sencladed with M. Drouyn de Lhuys bad not reached Athens tn time to prevent the renewal of repriaala. Complications had unfor- tunately arisen, end had been going on for some weeka, which were now approaching @ satisfactory He hoped to be able to announce that conélusion within « few days, even a few hours, and called on the House, in conclusion, not to vembarrasa the position of the government with foreign powers, but to reject the motion. “Lord Anenpsen did net think that the question fefore the House required any elaborate demon- tion. The recent proceedi in the Greek bs era had excited one universal ery of | throughout Europe. The equity of Mr. Fin- and that ef M. Pacifico, never was de- er, ad furnishiag proper subjects of Teferener to the judicature of that country, yet it had been represeated that there had been a denial of justice With reference to the claim put forth to the islands of Sapienza and Cervi, the noble Marquis had givea no answer to the arguments of ord Staniey. Since the fleet under Admiral Parker started from) England, it had beea employed in little that reflected credit on this country, At Lisbon and Naples it excited the ruspicions of the governments, and though it arrived at the lonian Islands after the insurree- tion, a eupply of naval “ eats” for the torture of the islanders Were seat on shore fromit. The entry into the Dardanelles was boasted of as having brovght the Emperor to his senses, but the Em- peror bad previously aequiesced in the interpretation of the Turkish treaty in question, and her majesty’s government had been obliged to apologize to the Emperor for entering the Dardanelles, and bad promised todo so no inore. He charg ministers with having sought, in accepting the good offices of France, to put its plenipotentiary, Baca Giee a the position of a sheriff's officer. The French government had recalled its ambassador in conse- quence of the manner in which it had been treated, et her majesty’s ministers went on haggling with it, to the great injucy of the good understanding which onght to exist between two such great na- tions. hen he looked at our relatioas with Europe generally, he found them in an unprece- dented condition. There wasa time when this country was respected and loved by all the great continental nations; but how was it now? He could not congratulate the noble Marquis on the novel friendship which he found hei with Russia. Anstria had been deeply injured by the influence which had been exercised by us in Pied- mont. We might have prevented the Piedmontese war, and we might also have pursued a policy which would have rendered the occupation of Hungary by the Russian troops unnecessary. The nations of the continent fortunately separated the conduct of her muajesty’s government from the feelings of the English people, and he was sure that there was not one member of that house who had listened to Lord Stanley’s speech who could oy his hand on his heart, and say that every word of i 1 oF it Wes not strictly and literally true. sord Carpigan was deeply impressed with a sense of the danger to which this country was exposed by the state of its foreign relations. He had the greatest respect for the courage and ta- tents of the noble lord at the head of the Foreign Department, but feeling the isolated position in laced by the policy of that department, he would give his hearty support to the motion before the House. Lord Warp defended the conduct of the govern- ment, and of the noble lord at the head of the Fo- reign Department, and complained that the ques- tion before the House had been greatly prejudged and misrepresented. Lord Braumonr announced his intention of voting against the motion, and rose to protest against some of the doctrines to which Lord Stan- ley had given utterance. He criticised the preli- minary proposition the noble Lord’s motion—a pro- position which the noble lord himself had found it necessary to qualify in the course of his speech. He contended that Greece, betag an independent nation, there was no necessity for consulting any other poner in a quarrel with her, however politic it might be to do so. Heneaing to M. Pacifico, the noble lord admitted that he had no respect for him, and that he had put forward very exagge- rated claims, but the Ilouse ought to censider him as an injured individual, to whom redress had been refused when applied for to the proper legal autho- rities at Athens. Both to Mr. Finlay and M. Pacifico there had been a complete denial of jus- tice: and aftera review of all the questions in dispute between the two governments, he declared that there was no course left for this country to pursue except to employ force. He characterized the motion as an un-English and hostile motion, and he hoped the House would reject it. Viscount Canning admitted that the conduct of the Greek government had been evasive and equi- voca!, but it did not follow that because the Greek overnment had done wrong, the government of this country had done right. He pointed out the strong objections to which the mode of dealing with Mr. Finlay’s and M. Pacifice’s cases wasopen in point of international law. He also drew atten- tion to the case of the lonian subjects plundered by robbers, and showed that there, too, the law of na- tions had been violated by the manner in which the government had demanded redress. He re- minded the House that there were other countries in the world nearly as powerful, and much le: scrupulous m the exercise of their power than ours, and that these countries would probably make a disastrous use of the example which had thus been setthem. rd Epprsnuny, like the preceding speaker, re- viewed each of the claims put forward against the Greek G robege impr contending that in the aggre- gate at least the refusal of them justified measures of reprisal. In support of his view he quoted cer. tain despatches of the Earl of Aberdeen addressed to the English Minister at Athens, as showing the language which the government of that day held to the administration of King Otho. " The Earl of Haxpwicxe felt satisfied that Admi- ral Parker had not stated to the government that he had been compelled to enter the Dardanelles by stress of weather. aq Lord Broveuam, having listened very attentive- ly to the discussion, thought he might take a very short-sighted view of the question, and say that it did not matter whether the British or the Greek government were right or wrong. Regarded in that light, the British government might be com- red toa man who went inte chancery for £100. The vernment did worse, for it went into chan- cery forclaims which were worth nothing. Le denied that the government had international law upon its side; and it was frightfal, he said, to think to what an extent war might rage all over the world, if such doctrines as he had heard rashly put forth in the House that evening, were to be- come established, He hoped theirlordsbips would do justice to themselves in the public epinion of Europe, by shaking themselves free from the re- nt proceedings in Greece. He confidently ex- sted they would do so, and in saying this he bore testimony to the great ability and the peace- ful sentiments of Lord Palrae ret The louse then divided, when there appeared— Contents. —Present..... 1a Proxies. Non-Content —Preeent, . Proxies. Majority against gover: Their lordships adjourned at a quarter past three o'clock. Portugal. Our advices from Lisboa are to the 9th ultimo, inclusive. A correspondent at Lisbon says According to ne ciaima upon Portugal gress before being pa v dit i passport, and embark on board » to call here, I shoul € was no political ne’ 2. The weather had set in fine and warm, but the late inclement storms had affeet- ed, to a serious degree, the growth of wine in the Oporto and Beirada districts. Shipments were rather slack. A great uncertainty existed regardi the continuance of the indirect shipments to Ame ca, say England by way of America, and the Gov- ernment had published a decree on the 29h ult., which eflectually stopped indirect shipments, but it was in such a manner that the iaterest of the direct shipper of wine for the supply of the American market would be seriously affected, as by the decree in question the shippers sending wines to America would have to give bond to the Oporto custom-house that the wines #0 shipped should not be exported after being landed in America, within a ven time, a control which no wine merchant could ave over his customer in the foreign market. A representation had been made to the government by the Commercial Association of Oporto, praying @ temporary suspension of the decree, and until the answer was known, shipments direct and indirect to London would be paralyzed. The news of the decree created Coe excitement, but it was gene- rallyfeupposed that those vessels which had cai engaged for America, would be allowed to c: their loading on the old system. © Otir accounts from Hongkong are dated the 24th of April. Our Correspondent says : The Peninsular and Oriental Company's steamer Breganza arrived here on the 18th inst., bringing advices from England to the 26th of February. We have little of importance to communicate this month. arious reports were afloat as to attempts that have been made on the life of the young Emperor, by the late Emperor's brother. The mourning for the late Emperor is to last 100 days. The formidable body of pirates engaged in inter- cepting goods sent into the interior by the Chinese from Centva, interferes greatly with the toreign trade. ‘The tea season may be considered closed. The total exports from this country amount to 52,000,000 pounds, showing an excess, compared with the previous tet 7,000,000 pounds, consisting en- irely of ihe accounts from Shanghai are to the 14th. ‘The export of silk to Great Britain to that date amounted to about 13,000 bales. The total ex from this country to Great Britain is now 1 , inst to the in the year The Chinese Wore oul ‘rflaring Great distress. The Nicaraguan Treaty. (From the London Times, June 13.) The convention concluded between the governments of Great Britain and the United States, for the settle- ment of their common interests in Central America, and for the perpetual neutrality of che inter-ocesnio live of communication by ship canal, or otherwise, through the State of Nicaragua. has now received the approval of the Senate of the United States, and we presume that the ratifications will forthwith be ex- changed. The perusal of this treaty confirms the opinion we have long expressed that Lord Palmerston lias acted with good judgment jn abandoning the ox: clusive pretensions he Lad at one time advauced to the protectorate of the Mosquito coast; but as the princi- pal advantage of our relations with the native autho- rities of that country was tho command wo had there- by assumed over the mouth of the river San Juan, we presume that it will not be contested that the main condition of the Mosquito protectorate has been sur- rencered in order to effect an arrangement of the whole question with the United States, based on the common and public interests of all nations. The first article ot the convention expressly provides that * Tho govermment of tho United States and Great Britain, eclare that ncither the one nor vicinity thereof, or ocoupy or colon’ any dominion over Nicaragy o const, y part of Cent will either make y protection which either aflords, or may afford, or anos which either has, or may bh F poop) L forti hining Nicaragua, Costa Rica, the Mosiuito coast, or any part of Central Amerioa, or of assuming or exercising do- minion over the sami tho Mosquite It would have been difficult to frame a more direct renunciation of the rights contended for in the papers relating to this subject which were iid before parlis- ment a few years ago. Our readers may recollect that on examining the question last autumn, we found that those rights were not easily reconcileable with tho direct engagements contracted by this country with Spain in 1753—that the mouth of the San Juan had undoubtedly been tortified by the Spaniards long before any definite shape was given to the British protectorate of the Mosquito coast—and that our recent policy in that country had produced the inevitable result of throwing the Nicaraguan government entirely into tho hands of the United State power, For all these reasons, but especially for the last, it appeared to us puorile ‘and impolitic to run the risk of a dispute in defence of questionable rights of protection or dominion, when the only practical in- terest this country had in the matter was to prevent the exclusive dominion of any other power, That ob- ject has been attained by the’ present convention, and we hope it will effectually put an end to tho absurd proceedings of Mr. Chatfield and his American com- petitor, Mr. Squires. Tho neutrality of tho futuro canal is thereby guaranteed not only by Great Britain and the United Slates, but by all the’ nations which may think fit to accede to this treaty, or to conclude similar agreements, as has already’ been done by France; and we hope that the interest wisely shown by all governments in establishing a line of communica- tion between the oceans, will lead to the formation of a company sufficiently powerful to execute the project with the least possible delay. At present, in spite of the vast tide of emigration which hag suddenly set in across the Isthmus at Chagres, and which still rolls the floating Population of both hemispheres to the shores of the Pacific, even the common means of per- sonal transport are of the most wretched description But though the urgent want of this improvement is universally acknowledged, wo aro not sanguine of any immediate success when wo consider tho immense difficulties of the undertaking, or rather the inadequancy of the means which’ exist on the spot for surmounting them. The banks of the river San Juan and the Lake of Nicaragua are buried in primeval swamps and forests, inhabited by a languid and indolent population, halt Spanish and half Indian, and are rendered extremely insalubrious during great part of the year by the heat of atropleal sun. To con- duct these “vast operations with success it would be indispensable to convey to that ot the globe a large number of human beings able to support the ef- fects of the climate, and to work with energy under those peculiar and unfavorable circumstances. Bear- ing in mind the extreme difficulty which has hitherto ‘attended the supply of free labor under the far leas so- vere conditions of sugar-planting in our own West In- dia islands, we doubt whether it will be found passiblo to provide “navigators,” as they might with some titude be termed, for such works in Central America. There is fearcely an instance of the execution of vast undertakings of roads, earthworks, or canalisation in a tropical region without the employment of forced labor, accompanied with « frightful sueritice of life. That is the history of the great monuments of Egypt, with » larger population and a more salubrious climate, from the building of the Pyramids to the excavation of the Mehadieh Canal. In Central America, tree labor, if ob- tained at all.could only be got at an immense cost; and it would then be expored to the inordinate temptations of the track to California. Forced labor could only be introduced by the employment of nogro slaves or of convicts. Without reference to the moral considera- tions which would render this country absolutely averse tosuch @ rovival of slavery under an aggravated form, in any enterprise with which England is connoct- ed, the cost of negro labor would prove an insurmount- able obstacle even in the United States, and the intro- duction of slaves is contrary to the laws of the Contral American States. The employment of gangs of con- victs, who could only be obtained from Lurope, would be hardly less impracticable, and obnoxious to objec- tions of ‘at least equal weight. Of the physical possi- bility of uniting the two oceans by s ship canal, we entertain no doubt, for, as & great engineer has boen heard to declare, all undertakings of this nature are now redeced to questions of expense. x. tremely que tie whecuer much aa undertaking can be ¢: by any private company, with that t of pecuniary ich is, of jucement to capitali: and, se- ‘amount of capital were y in the suppiy of com, nt very foemitebte impediment. f the present convention provides that the British and American governments will give their support encouragement to such persons, or company, a# may first offer to commence the canal with the necessary capital. and a year from the date of the Dope is to , ya to give suc 0 that this clause secures & to the company already understood to formed in the United Sw though shares in that or any ol public company are marketable, they may, of course, de taken up to any amount by British capitalists The probability is that the company already formed in- tonded to confine its speculations to the legal privilege it bad obtained from the State of Nicaragua, by trans- ing that privilege to any other body which might be dispored to meet the diMeultios of entering upon the actual construction of the passage, When the iin- mense advanta, uch @ line of communication to d to none more than to 0 6 trust that mere pecuniary ill not condemn this project to failure. To avoid the long and perilous circult of Cape Horn, to direct line of intercourse with the British Aus- t colonies, to promote the population, the trade, and the welfare of that new-born nation, speaking the tongue of h is already swarming on the shores of the Pacific, are objects of extreme the diffusion of industry, and the con: terest to of civili- bly be read in the Bay of banks of the Sacramento by thou have given life and activity to the most solitary regi: of the globe. The western coast of the American con- tin nt reality orld to colonize conquer, and it concerns the interests of especially those of the British race, that rent of busy living men should flow without interrap- tion, and by the shortest course round the globe. "i to Spain. We have received our Madrid correspondence of June 10. Our correspondent says :— “The funds have been affected b the expedition directed against Cuba having sailed. Letters received to-day from Cuba speak of an un- easy feeling prevailing there. The Three ‘et Centa were dene at 334 and 13-16, and were | buyers, § sellers, after the close. Five per Cents were done at 13,'and maintained that price; Coupons, 74; Passive Debt, 4. Exchange on London, bo Bw. Grorar Saxp.—The literary world is much taken up with the announcement of the ay apn lication of George Sand, ‘ Memoires de ma Vie.” Ten volumes are complete, ten vols. of i asions, rsonal, literary, artistic and political. ‘hat little rd of the air which carries every matter in this place, has brought some of the first chapters of the work amongst her friends, and enabled them to judge of its tenor. We have hitherto known nothing of the uthor, but the chef-d’ewvres with which she has graced our literature. Shortly we are to be made acquaiated with the woman ys the oe and George Sand, the nturous yout who has run, for twenty years, a career of di T, of poetry and glory, dis- appears, to make way for the more modest and re- tiring Madame Dudevant. Nothing can be more enchanting than the invocation which she has placed, by way of preface, at the beginning of the domestic poem which she gives asthe history of her life. The secret of the double existence with which she seems endowed, is explained by the re- velation of her birth. Her father was great- grandson of Augustus III., King of Poland, who married the daughter of his professor of rackets, who was, at the same time, superintendent of the royal aviaries. Thus, on her father’s side, she is a nearer relative to the Due de Bordeaux than crowned cousins, while in right of her ndsire, who, flying in terror and dis- = to Paris, after the marriage of his daughter, ept a small bird shop in the Quai de la Ferraille, she claims relationship with the vast family of proletaires, which she has undertaken to exalt and to defend. Uj the traditions left in her family concerning this, her favorite ancestor, she loves to descant, and many a time in the little Arabian boudoir of the Rue Pigale, has the evening worn away amid the sowrenirs of Antoine Delacorde, the 1 bird-eatcher, and the divers illustrations of is magnetic power over the feathered hosts of the air; while Chopin would imitate, in some inspired improvisation, both the subject of the tale and the melancholy and impassioned manner of the natra- tor. This same Oe gang attraction, this mag- netic er, or what you will, George Sand has inherited from the poor and obscure Antoine Dela- corde, and #0 powerfal was it in her there is nothing related in the st concerning the various feats of the duced therein, which she herself could not execute. Even now, it is said, that she loves to exhibit to her visiters at La Chatre, the facility with which she can fascinate whole flocks ef wild birds by means of a scarlet cloak and a few handfuls of mi let as described in the above men- Correspondent of the Jom Atlas. the news of reelf; for here and the agents of that | 8), The Destruction of Fourteen Vessels by loe~ rgs tu the Atlantic, (From the London Advortiwer, June ¥7.] The arrivals during the last few days from the Auuntic, have brongnt sad intelligence respecting losses of a large number of vessels amidst the floating fields of icebergsin western latitudes; and amongthe | number, we regret to add, one was from one of. the Irish porta, with between eighty to one hundred rsons on bozrd, every sou! of whom is suppesed to ave gone down in the unfortunate vessel and per- i Great quantities of ice are generally looked for by the traders in those parts of the Adaatic, about the months of April at May, the result of the breaking up of the frost in the Arctic seas, and driven down to the southward by the force of the currents. The masses that have appeared this sea- son, exceed anything of the kind that has for years been met with. They have beenimmense. Fields ofice, many miles in extent, towering up in all man- ner of forms, to a very great elevation, have swept the waters of the Atlantic, and there is too much reason to fear that the losses appended form a very few of the inishaps that oceurred. The ill-tated vessel, in which so many are believed to have per- ished, was frem Londonderry, bound to Quebec.— Ten days prior to her being discovered entan- gled in the ice—the twenty-seventh of April—she was spoken with by the master of the Oriental, from Liverpool. She was scarce of water, having had boisterous weather, and on account of the number of passengers seen on deck, it was supplied her. On the 27th, the Oriental was beset in the ice, to- gether with two other vessels, and perceived her some 1 miles to the westward. She was in a moat perilous position, evidently stove in by the ice, and sinking. Signals of distress were hoisted with- out the remotest chance of gaining assistance. For two days she was seen in the same forlorn condi- tion, when she suddenly disappeared, and very little doubt is entertained of every soul having gone down in the foundered vessel. Subsequently a reat many bodies were seen intermingled with he ice, together with some pertion of the cargo; ‘he latter led to the discovery of the port to which e vescel belonged and her intended destination. ‘he Oriental was eleven days before she got clear of theice. Another similar catastrophe was wit- nessed on the 26th of March, about 20 miles to the westward of St. Paul's, by the ship Signetie M. Mowatt, from Alloa for Quebec. The vessel was apparently an English brig, heavily laden, with painted portholes. She had got fixed in the ice, and had been cut down by it to the water’s edge, admitting a rush of waterinto her hold. Her crew were observed working at the pumps, evi- dently in the hopes of keeping her afloat in the ex- pectation of assistance ; 8, however, she soon sank, and all on board met with a watery grave. The exact number who perished was not learned. Letters have been received communieating the to- taljoss of the Ostensible also in the ice. She was from Liverpool, bound to Quebec, with meee! pear gots, Up Ge the Sih of May, whe experisuced taavy weather, when they fell in with an enormous field of ice, and got fixed in it for five days and nights, in the course of which her hull was pierced by the huge fragments, and she became a lost vessel. Pumps were ae joing till the arrival of the brig Duke, Capt. Ae 0 for Quebec, which, after Be working, succeeded in makin considera! + through the ice to the sinking vessel, and rescue the whole of them from an inevitable death. The Ostensible went down within 20 minutes after. Two other vessels from Liverpool, the Conservator and Acorn, were both lost near the same time. The former was on a passage to Montreal. She ot pinched by the ice, within three days after losing sight of land, and filling, immediately went down}; the crew were lucky enough to save the ship's boats, in which they were picked up. The Acorn met with her destruction within 30 miles of St. John’s, Newfoundland, the crew were saved by the Blessing schooner, of Sunderland. Among the fother losses in the ice are enumerated, the Hibernia, from Glasgow for Quebec; the Bri- tish schooner Collector, from St. John, Newfound- land, for London ; the brig Astrea, of Weymouth; the Wilhelmina, ‘of Aberdeen; the Gosnell, of Newcastle ; the Sylph, of Leith ; and three others, names of which are unknown. With the exception of the latter the crews were saved. Most of the unfortunate vessels were heavily laden, and their losses in total cannot be far short of £100,000. Important Marine Case. ADMIRALTY COURT—THE CHARLES BARTLETT Vs. THE ®TEAMER KUROPA—COLLISION. BEFORE DK, LUBMINGTON. {Prom the London Shipping to, June 18.) This was a cause of damage promoted by the master and owners of the bark Charles Bartlett, and her cargo, against the steamer Europa, for having run her down the 27th June last. The bark, of the burthen of 450 tons, laden with iron, lead, &c., and having on board one cabin } seg, » od and 162 steerage passengers, was bound from Lon- don to New York ; the steamer, of the burthen of | her, 1,800 tons, with engines of 600 horse power, and carryin, the mails, was on her yoval e from Hall fax_and United States, to Liverpool. Sine proceed INES were cunduend by she onciant mode of plea and proof. The libel given in on veuaire st ‘the Charles Bartlett, alleged that, on the day in ques- tion, she was in the track for outward and home- ward-bound vessels passing to and from America, and at a great concentrating point for both; that in the afternoon there was a dense fog, and the bark was heading N. W. by N., close hauled on the larboard tack, with all requi- site sail set, and going four and a half to five knots an hour; that all work was suspended on board, in order to keep a good look-out. About half past three o'clock, P. M., the wind being W. by S., and the sea smooth, in lat. 5048 .N., and long. 29 W., inthe same parallel of latitude with | four has rath Cape Clear, and 700 miles distant from it, the mas- ter heard a rumbling noise to windward, like dis- tant thunder, and the crew saw the steamer, ata distance of 400 yards, steering E. 8. E., one point forward of the bark’s beam, and going twelve knots an hour, The master of the bark instantly ordered the bell to be ig | and the helm to be put hurd a-port. ‘The bark fell off point and a half, but the steamer having first starboarded and then ported her helm, without stopping her engines, came stem on into the bark, striking her abreast the main shrouds, in consequence of which she in a minute and a half, and 136 of the passen- gers and crew were lost. ‘The responsive allega- tion brought in on behalf of the Europa, admitted that the accident occurred in the usual track for steamers, but alleged that it was two or three de- to the north of the usual track for svjiling It denied that there w: concentrating point in the Atlantic, and alleged that the Europa, in the then state of the weather, could not be seen aye bark at a greater distance than from 150 to yards, but averred that the noise of the paddle- wheels might have been heard in the direction of the bark three or four miles, and that it was oWing torome negligence that the bark was not thereby warned of the approach of the steamer. It fur ther alledged that the bark hi been re- ported by the man on the forecastle, at the dis tance of from 150 to 200 yards, the third mate ordered the helm to be starbourded, but in the same breath, before the order was or could be obeyed, he revoked it, and directed it to be put hard a-p@&, which was instantly done. The en- nes were ordered to be stopped, but the order had anticipated by the engineers, and they were out ear, 80 that before the collision the steam- er had come up to the wiad a point anda half. The Charles Bartlet was going from five and ahalf to six knots an hour, having all ible sails set, and had neglected to fire guns, blow her fog-horn, or ring her bell at short intervals, #o that those on board the steamer could be cognizant of her approach. The evidence adduced i pport of these pleas was extremely voluminous, and in ma- ny respects a contradictory. The esti- mated loss was £12,000. * . . . . . . Dr. Lusntxeton said—Ia conjunction with the gentlemen by whom | am assisted, we have con- sidered all the points in this case which I suggested as necessary to be determined, and | trast that there has been no omissicn as to any one of them. We have come unanimously to the following de- termination:—That no rate of sailing by steamers, or other vessels, can be said absolutely to be dan- gerous; but whether any given rate is d Tous OF not, must depend on the circumstances of eac! dividual case, as the state of the weather, locality, and other similar facts. That the rate of 124 knots an hour, in a dense fog, in the locality where this lenciennes were present the minister of works, Count Shekendorff, the Prussian Aim! dor, railways, Baron Devaux, Quetelet, and M. Cabray, chief engineer of the Belgian goverament; the three latter i eing members of a commission pointed by the Belgian government to re por on the Siieat, The distance is 10 miles, rein the longest telegraphic line in France. Afjer a moet satisfactory series of trials on the single distance, firat with the full power, and afterwards with one-twenticth of the power, the wires were connect se as to treble the total length of wire, making 540 miles to and from Pa- ris and back—the magnetic message being commu- nicated through the first wire, back by the second, through the third, and back again by the earth. It Was not anticipaied that the magnet could possibly work through this enormeus resistance ; but, in fact, it is alleged it ia worked es distinetly and ra- pidly as when only made to traver 30 miles with full power, "The ordinary telegraph with bat- tery power used by the French government, was then put in requisition ; but not the slightest eflect was produced. On the single distance, even a sig- nul was sometimes not obtained for several min- utes, owing, it is said, to some fault in the batte- ries, although the officials were exerting themselves to the utmost. The government officers and others inspected the working operations from 10 to 3 o’cock, and expressed themselves thoroughly sa- tistied with the success of the trial.—London News. Axnovimr Cananian Bisnoraic.—Arrangements have been made for the immediate establishment of another bishopric in Canada, by the subdivision of the present diocese in Montreal. The Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge have come to a resolution that, considering the vast extent of that diocese, and the great importance of its subdivi- sion, the sum of £4,000 granted towards the endowment of two additional bishoprica in Canada, the interest of that sum to be assigned, under the direction ef the Council for Colonial Bishoprics, towards the income of the proposed bishopric, the establishment of a second additional bishopric in Canada East, when the sum of £2,000 of the above amount shall be appropriated towards the endowment of the first bishopric. It has also been agreed that the treasurer of the society shall be empowered to pay the £4,000 as soon as funds shall be raised for the accomplishment of the object of one additioval bishoeric. The new see will be that of Montreal. the present bishop taking the title of the Bishop of Quebec. Dr. tngils, the Bishop of Toronto, is at present ona visit to this country, for the double purpose of urging the desirableness of founding the new see, and for taking measures forthe taking measures for the establishment of a coleee in Upper Canada.—London Weekly Chro- nucle. Moniz. Jeyxy Linn.—A letter from Stockholm, of the 2th May, says:—The day betore yesterday, 4 The only visible effect from the latter is a change in some of the potato fields, from the most luxuriant green, to stripes ef black, nnd in%some cases the dark- ened appearance over the whole field. The corn trade m Friday exhibi appearance of drmness, and & tendency upward, and in some parts of the country a slight advance in wheat was obtained by the farmers, At this morning's market the fresh supply eat was small, but the foreigu arrivals jarge, which rather checked the demand, ance could be realized on Monday's BOC. ounply was all disposed of were tO & wvdera® extent, displayed by many of the holders, who are not willing to accept the present fin pply. than adequate to the demand, which has rather slackened; prices, however, remain without alteration, Malt continues exceedi LO parcels go olf wly at the late rates d peas are un: in value, The falling off in the arrivals of improved the sale of Hnglish week's price seods and other articles there was | no particu! tion. Flossing ear, of Odersa wi more inquired for, but there is & slackened demand tor Indian corn Caxton Manket—Hoxa Koxe, April 24—Although there has been rather ® firmer tone in our import market, the attempt to force sales would immediate! affect prices, T mand for most art is Thunited, owing, it i# conceived, in a grent measure to the in: terruption offered by pirates to the transmission of oods into the interior, Cotton has improve: ing ‘o short imports, and the stock on hand being «mail Bombay quoted, ts, 76 to § ts.; Madras, ts. 8 to 9 2; Bengal ts 87109 The sab re reported at about 7.000 bales. Btock 19,000 bal nt 64,000 last Cotton Yarn—No transactions this article, but ho No. 25 wi bales Inst year, Long clothe show « sligh ut the demand hae been limited mated at 15.000 pieces gr pieces white qnotations $2 40 to 2 75; and for whites, Woollens—Sp stripes ha tol 5. Long Elis—Prio ted $7 to 7 40; scarlet. $5 30, $21 to $ cat Camlets 23; Dutch. $17 bo $22; 20) pieces pieces of the latter have been sold. Iron—Q being for nail rod $2 5; bar, $2 ; hoop, $2 00 to 3 2; tin $5 100560. Turkey opium—$450, in limited Cochineal—$115 to 150. Tea-—Very little *e has been done in this article during the mon: arket being bare of all good descriptions of either ck or green, The export from July 1, 1849, to April 1850, 52,271,800 Ibs. biack; 6.600 700 lbs. green; total, 071,600 the, | From July 1.1848, to April 2). 4849. 27 Ibs. binek; 5,6 total, 32.851 800, on Indie, for Freights hi to the Lith inet demand for Imports had been limited, and although holders evinced rome firmness, prices for most articios had receded. Tea—The market was bare of either kind of tea. Upwards of 2.500 chests of common black tea, packed at Boochou, were sold for the American market At Mt. to 10t, Silk-—In this article a moderate business had been done, at rates fully equal to Inst quotations. No really first quality was it the market. No lee, $418; No. 3; $34); Tayenam, common to fair, # to $310, The export to date amounted to 13.38 bales Long cloths have declined. and qu to 265: white, $2.65 to 243 Sp. stripes Se. to $1; long elle aa. ange t sorted, $6 80 to $7 by on England, 4* €4. to de (44 Freights nom: thing offering for Engiand soariet, $7 20, nominal. K The Shocking Affair at Chagres, I, the undersigned, having seen the article in our paper of June 7, headed “ Shocking affair at Shagres,” beg leave (being an eye witness) to gre my statement of the affair, and do justice to Mr. Mancosoe, whom | consider unjustly represented. I, John MeTurek, on the 19th of May, did inform occurrence took place, must be attended with more | Mr. P. F. Mancosos, that Mr. Thomas and Capt risk than a slower pace; but, assuming that it 7 be accomplished with reasonable security, and without probable risk to other vessels, such rate of going could not be maintained with such ae- curity, except by taking every possible precaution against collision. That proper precaution was not taken by the Ew j~Ist, she had not a sufficient look-out; 2d, we think that no proper arrangemeat was made as to the engines; 3d, because no person was placed to re; to the engines: 4th, because no second person was placed in the wheel-house; Sth, that the order to starboard the helm was erroneous. We are of inion that, if proper precantion had been adopted, the accident might have been avoided, and that the collision took place for want of the proper pre- cautions. With respect to the Charles Bartiett, we are of opinion thet a good look-out was Wy on board; that she discovered the approach of the Europa as soon as circumstances would permit; that she adopted all eopet measures te avoid the collision, by rin, ing the ell and putting the helm to port. Therefore, I must pronounce against the Europa in this case. Mr. Rorueny (the proctor for the Europa) gave notice of appeal. Hexiry’s Maoweto-Evectrtc Teisorarn.—A striking experiment has just been made under the direction of the French government, to test the efficacy of Mr. Henley’s magno-electric telegraph. which is worked without batteries of any kind, and at a fraction of the cost of the Voltaic system. The line of railway assumed for the trial was that from Paris to Valenciennes. At the Paris end the director-im-chief of telegraphs for the Freach go- rt to the engineers the orders as | mine Newcomb, of the steamer Orus, had spoken of him (Mancosos) in a very disrespectful m: When he became in possession of these facta, he went to Mr. Thomas, and glemanded of him, in a genth manly manner, what he meant by such observ: tions as he had made, derogatory to his char: to which Mr. T. replied that it was Capt. N comb, and not him. Mr. M. replied, let Capt. N attend to his own affairs, and not interfere with Mr. Mancosos and Thomas then settled the matter, as far as they were concerned, by sha- king hands, and adjourned to the Crescent City House, and took refreshments. They then pro- ceeded in a to the circus. At the end of the performance Mr. ther with George, were waitin r M. to make his epeetancs, of which he (Mr M.) had been informed. Mr. M. seeing a friend of . Magrew) inquired of him if he had an: arms about him, he replied he had a pistol, which the Doctor lent him; Mr. M. then drew his watch from his pocket and handed it to me, re- questing me to take charge of it, at the same time, Tequesting me to go with him and ask Capt. N. what his ebject was, when Mr. Thomas st forward and equared off to Mancosos, who him back and told him to_go about his business, when Thoreas squared of nga to Mr. M., who then knocked him down ; on his rising ed, and both fling fo the ground, in the scuffle, the pistol ancoses was taken away by two of his ft . Joux Mc "i Sworn to betore me, this 26th day of June, A. D. 1960. Fras. H. Urton, the | T. and Capt. Newcomb, to- | outside’ for + they clench- } vernment, M. Foy, superintended; while at ne bic Bassas . Mosay, the chief eagineer of the Belgian Our Elkton Correspondence. Eixrow, Cecil County, Md., June 29, 1368. ‘The Weather—The Crops—Sales of Land—Case Homicide Politics—Sons of Temperance, $e. For the last three weeks the westher has beem uncommomly dry, and the dust had accumulated to the depth of some three or four inches in our Streets and highways, much to the amnoyance of | travellers; but last night we had a delicious thea- der shower, which washed old Nature’s dusty face, and rendered the air balmy and bracing. ‘The farmers have been buay with their hay the past week; but a majority of them have now secure ed this crop, and some are engaged cutting their wheat. There has been an average yield of bay, and if the weather continues fair a week longer, the crep of Wheat in the county, notwithstanding the ravages of the fly, will be large. Several valuable tracts of land were sold at trus- tee’s sale, from the Court House door, on Tuesday last. One tract at Battle Swamp, containing 110 aeres, with a tavern, sold for $4,900. Another traet of 168 acres, near Principio Furnace, for $3,959, and « third on the Big Elk, containing 163} acres, for $3,300, A boy by the name of Charles A. Jackson was killed on Thursday, by Henry D. Simpers, about 14 miles from town, under the following circumstan- ces:—Jackson, who was about 15 years of age, was sent by his mother to borrow a horse of Simpers. Simpers accused the deceased of persuading one of his hands, a boy named Holdon, to leave his em- ploy. Deceased denied the charge, whereupon Sum- pers, Who is a violent tempered man. cursed bine and struck him over the head with a hoe. The boy was just able to get home and tell his mother what had happened, when he became insensible. Medical uid wasimmediate ly procured; but Jackson died the next morning from concussion of the brain. An inquest was held over the remains, and a ver- dict rende in accordance with the facts. Sim» pers was lodged in jail to await his trial at the Oe tober term of our court. The whigs and democrats are marshalling their forces, and preparing for the political contest this fall, and we will, no doubt, have some warm work between this and the 2d of October. Well, some- ted, and whoever gets the most that’s a fixed fac! . of T. of the State of Mee ryland, holds its next SREY session in Port De- posit, on the 18th of July. L’ INcounNs. The Growth of Boston. We stated yesterday the total population of Bostom under tho récent census, to which we now add « ta- ble, showing the population by wards, together with the number of foreiguers in each. This table is net official, but may be lightly varied Tanie Suowina vue Porusation oF TH Orrr ow Boston, 1x 1860. Malle. Jenny Lind arrived here from Lubeck, by Totat Other Total of the steamer Gauthiod. At the landing plac Population. Trish. — Countries. Foreigners. celebrated cantatrice was received by a great dod 10,280 3,637 156 4,398 ber of young girls, all clothed in white, who offer- | 2. 9.167 6 3h4 11% 6479 ed flowers ric toe toher. A carriage, drawn | W' 8. . 10,078 bod = ae by four white horses, sent by the Philharmonic | Werd 4. -16222 §,10) y Loci 5... 10002 2003 aut for Society, conducted Mille. Lind to her hotel,where | Ward §- + -10008 ad ¢ nd some apartments had been prepared for her. In | werd 7.2) good i313 ‘we ve the evening, the houses adjoining the hotel were | ward 8. | .10.066 1064 633 4bor illuminated by lights placed at all the windows; a | Ward 9. . 10,506 4770 702 ei chorus of professors and dilettanti executed a sere- | Ward 10, . .14.535 5,922 1,168 Tove nade under her windows, and hundreds of young | Ward 11. .19.370 5,081 2401 tosis men promenaded the principal streets oF the sawn, | Ward 12, , 18,009 6,606 1,203 6,809 in procession, carrying flambeaux. dile. Lin aes —- pene pend will give six concerts at the Royal Theatre at | Tt 198,788 62,961 10,860 O8,aa0 Stockholm. According to the custom here when | Pepesaree ie ite. oom anoted artiste arrives, the tickets for the places | ** oT ward Base tat are put up to public sale ; more than 15,000 persons | "10064 Ward 9. disputed their possession, and they have been sold | tte eY Ward 10. at exorbitant prices. Mdlle. Lind will quit Stock- | Litt tgsig Ward 11 holm towards the middle of July, for the waters at | sees 8173 Ward 12,. Ems. Her engagement in the United States com- | mences on the Ist October, but she will not em- Total, bark for that country before the month of Sep- oLonep Prnaons im Bacn W. tember.” i | Messrs, Brown, Shipley & Co.'s Circular, a Liverroor, June 19, 1850, 7) The cotton market remains without change, the 14a sales in the past three days are estimated at 15,000 s bales, at the closing prices of last week, and about me 2,000 of it on apeculation. 212 ‘The corn market continues dull, with a tendency to Coronry Porvtation ts Bostos, ar Dirranent further decline, the growing crops belng very pro- Punese. mising iatis 1742 ose eeeee 1874 1825 +. 101T Markets. 186 ee iste Trave, Monday, June 17—The woath. | 17% ‘os, oe a 2of 460, This is probably owing to the erection ef stores instead of dwelling houses, and also to the uu- merous remo’ to the country towns, where both taxes and rents are cheaper, [tis estimated that from two to three thourand of the most substantial citivens bave taken up their residence it the country, while do- ing busi lust census, The Californ| has probably also carried off from on: nd ‘Ten of the War ow an inerease from 1845. lowe: Ward 1, 1.015; 3. 88%; 4, 4.406; 56, 1.486; 6, 7 9, 1,943; 10, 2.171; 11, 7,100; 12. 3.289 ill be seen that half of sur population, ure Irish Ot the total population of Ward 8, coutaining Bros@ street, (10,106) all but 1,569, or five-sixthe, are toreign- ere. In 1845, of the 114.366 inhabitants, 30,891 wore born in Boston of Amer 10.185 were bora im Boston of toreigs 1 born im Boston of American and foreign paren’ 076; total not born in Boston, 73.290; Americans and their children, 17,- foreigners , 87,280. tol- nearly one of whom ali bat sbout 10,000 and their childre cigaers and their children, nd their children, seen, that while the incrensed since 1945, the Americans and their children bave de erensed 1,009. ‘The earilest en | ton, now know | reported was 10 04 4549 perrous re | Blackstone t, and 6.014 south of that line, In 1742. a census was taken, whieh hich number 1.37 In 1752. © cow and 1541 ¢ ut was taken darin |. and many of the ini 1m we reported to contaim the year 1700, 9 consus has been taken each decade, by order of the United 8 | the years 18 each ten y each decade. from 1 € } Supertor Court, ORNKKAL TREM Before Judges Oakley, Paine and Campbell JuLy 1 — Welliam Launiver ex the Mayor and Corpere- tion af New York This case was tried before Mr. Jus tice Sandford. when, by direction Jof that judge, @ ver. diet was returned for the defe to which the plaintiffs excepted, and the © comes before this Court for argument It appeared chat the Corpo- ration ordered a sewer to be built, some time sinoe, t= Appointed three asseasors to apportion a Property the expenses; those aasee- rors took the oath of ofhoe, ubseyuently the Cor poration removed them and three others the provisions took the oath duties before The Corpor plaintit for $ Mm Aeaeawed on pl van. ne ing to him ture was levied on rel nded that the teseons: fret. without owth and «eondly. that the ny Apparent necvesity he estimate before they were promissory one, that no eati equirementa of the statute and 0 unde to net a8 adessors, olmted. the Corporation having rity by previously appoi to be due as the {fs proportion of benefit of by three lots of Iand ot properly ted ite autho w timate, and collected before t k was done. The © Jorporation utged his points for the that the ate =omade before before the assessors were sworn, is not ontemplated by section 270 of the aot It was for the purpose of of work. Feneore the money fel for | fe jt De negememe of 1818, and the obtainin iw none If necessary, aa | No estimate ts required. brea! an on } we has been ascertained u