The New York Herald Newspaper, October 23, 1849, Page 6

Our Southern Correspondence. Sranranavne C. H., Sept. 8, 1849, @raphic Scene ut the Springs—Departures—Life Among the Spertans—aarrival of Suspected Abol ists — 4 Scene—A Searchin Exciting Meeting—The Senti- ments Utiered at the Meeting ‘A magnificent sunrite was exhibited from my cabin, ‘and I had no sooner turned out than | found lots of loving young couples—lovers and new married folks— deep-seated liver complaints — old dyspeptic ladies— beauty and ugliness—sickness and health —negroos and yellow gals—buckets, tubs, jugs and cups, on their way down to the spring. 1 joined the devotees. and went to see the fun. There were two tin ladies which passed ga'lon after the water from the spring to the various mouths in waiting. | watched ove eld fat chap, who kept some pretty girls waiting. while he drank nine dippers full; enough to killa healthy horse, As the breakfast hour approached. all started for the hotel. There I found Col. Elmore giving directions to his servants, who were fixing his baggage on the carriage, “Off to-day. Colonel!” “Yes; | must get back to Lewiston; no time to wast here. ‘And you!” r “Start immediately after breakfast for Spartanbu: “It will be @ great day among the Spartan; | we 1 had timeo go” ‘The bell rang for breakfast at 7 o'clock A.M, “hen there was a rush for Feats, and afterwards a ras? Ret at the edibles. Meanwhile, two negro fiddlep &,the head of the table kept up good humor, with tt “Take our time, Miss Lucy,’? and “Rosa Lee.) At Was the ret time | ever h fiddlers at breA*@st. One by one the parties tiniched their meal Cel. Elmore and his party started for Lewiston, au yself for this place, which I reached at 10 A. M, I found Walker's house crowded, i down the main street were moving carriages and hesamen towards the Court House. i followed ; on bot *des of the atreet, wherever there were trees, hung of horses bad bean hitched in the shade. Wh‘ | reached the Court House, I found a gay reene, {be open space in tront of the Court ficuse. hete..4 die row of country stores, was thronged with sub.-Ptal looking men, aqenpes together, discurring i" important matter, in low toner, with tuspici v flauces, very much as’ though they were In earners: Now and then, these groups were clustered around country wagon, loaded with water- melons. | bad #y bote book with me, but finally put it in my peck. purchased » fine watermelon, nearly vp large as | Ovld y} loted it to the editorial room of the Spar#”—the newspaper of this town. Presently, the worthy editor arrived, and we devoured the inside, Hinging the cutside toa melancholy looking party of pigs Pet hud formed oucside, which I reeegnized as be jon; to my landlord. ‘There was @ wagon came rusibling down the street. No sooner had the Dector eppied it, than“ It's them’? burat from the lips of the werthy editor, and away he went. I wiped my knifo, which | bad used in carving the watermelon, und de- Jiberately walked out to see who therm” was. Stand- ing near the pump. in front ot the Court House, was a lorg. enormous pediar'’s wagon, with two very large black horses. There «as a cripple in the wagen, and @ young man, the driver, was watering his horses. | saw i had occurred, and | wish [ could con. ye which lasted ten minutes only, np, and suspected of bein, vi 3 They wese Northern » litionists. As the young nan watered his horses, bi for he saw hostility in every eye hs; & group surrounded the wagon, and were asking all sorts cf questions of th: cripple. There were full 500 men, and a th 0 Festing upon that wagon at that moment. The cripple Tested vjon the boxer in his wagon. It bore on its out- pide the following .etters , — “any HOM: In another place was °—— makers, 187 Water street, Cincinnati’ Tbe inmate suid he was a pediar, had crossed the mountains from Nerth Carolina, nad some oods for ale, and was on hir way through the Southera tates to Texas Tieliforhim That word Cincinnati, associated us it is in the mind of every white man in this section, with ail (hat is damuable and treac —the hot-bed of ubclitionisix. the depot of incendiary documents and lier ntious pictures for slaves—I thought poor men ingocent though they mizht no; | saw Siajor Le; the Postmaster, through the crowd, he approached the wag Bressed the frighteued inmate kindly, inquire destination, received a letter from bis hands which he wished mailed to friends at home. ‘There is a genero- sity in the Southern heart, even when excited to the highest, and the helpless and infirm man hed cailed ‘out sympathy; Major Legge let him pass, and the car- riage drove slowly out of the town; its occupants, I dare Bay, determined Dever to pase arene the ordeal of an excited population again. | am satisfied that if there had been the slightert shadow fa suspicion that these pediaré bad any connection with the foilers, they would have been lynched on the instant, and their roperty burned in the treet. ‘The committee of vigt- Einee, Punderrtood, followed the wagon and examined ite contente, a mile out of the village, to do their duty ‘to the community, and mae certain that atl was right. ‘They found it so, and left them to pursue their long journey. THE SALE. Everything to be @ieposed of; farms or land, or seized were now sold at public anction There is no- fiine new in an auction tale. andso! bought another elon, and left the sale to proceed withoutime. These sale days are held wt every court house town, in each district. on the fitet Monday of every mouth, and near- ly ll the male population a-sembie on the occasion Th is @ sort of * bigh ‘change’ for planters, THE RA Meine. At. one o'clock ple began to pasa up the high r urt House room. Fo about ten minutes, they were engaged ins committees to get + the district, toa certain simount of stock railrood from hence to the next nearest ©. IL town, that would, in turn. raise @ siwiareubseription tocarry the work on to their nearest town, until a railroad was formed from here to Columbia. thus completing « rail- read communication frow Lence to Charleston —cer- tainly a very good idea and one which, 1 thiak, will be carried into effect ENDORSEMENT OF A SOUTHERN TOWN VIE BY THE PHOPL® When the announcement of the change in the por- formance was made. there was a rush—Court Lioase ILANCR COMMITTER yoom, rie windows beeame oveupied at once; and you might bave looked upon eight hundred as determined men as ever met together, Their eyes were fiathing fire ever th abolitio Barret oe str their ears; and th. jas an earnest mer which it wevid have been delightfal to witnesred by my old demvc:atic chums who bolted from bid Tawweny and joined the free soilers. dlike to have jntrodveed Boyd and his free soll general com- mittee to these tanburgers They would have been more frightened than they were when Camp proposed tar and feathers, at Pemunny Hall for Boyd; and thors men couldn't get up a fght and these chaps would But to the meeting Some one arcee, and stated (hat this meeting of the People of the district of s He jnto consideration the si ference to the movement ibe ve committee ti Colt Dr 1 for Scoretar Jas Env ann Henny, Beg. them arose, and as a mem. her of the vigtianes committer, briefy stated why the Meeting woe calird Mr. J. W. Tr cnen then rove at e farend of the room, and eddreseing the chair. Me. Chaifman, there are £0 many things thet m’ght be said. perhaps ought to be en fon like the present, and in reference to t Low pretented for discussion, t it fe diffeult wha firet We beve all read of by. «18 foreign moner Diersings of 1 era in our history, the edvisabie, in order to guard against foreign aggre: and to preserve internal pence nad cood government to form among themselves ® more intimate union and in & certain se ure, to beco.ue one—one federated repub He—cne covern ment organization with a federal legi« Jature fp oonted with hi 1 powers, under a constite tion rpecifying sud granting those p aw olemn recognition apd guaranty of certain tuviol rights. The principal difficulty im the frawing adopting of that great instrument, was the question of avery fn a portion of the States, The rights of y recognized, and etitution With. never could have been Fugitive slaves escaping into to be delivered to the his property. Three fiftns lation were to be tekem fato itiog tue number of hete were jauding Finve States were 1 bia elaine our federal repre Perrone then oppored to ovr Slavery existed then among but by approbation of Divine tous. We find three mili ws in the condition of rlaves. frican race among We must trea: it ava Ferponsible for ite exis exirtence of rich or poor bil ebild—po more than for the ox | forests, The {the n | eponsible Their fathers bough | to our fathe d our father | Praction! question, The two rw in this latitude tm any m but that of master jour applause) The mystery of 'ro. Videncs in placing them here cau no more be fathomed | Dy human ken, than the incomprehensible nature of | od. Cur rinver are in happier clreumstances than ‘the native biecks of Africa North, or yet thore o: and dertitution on the freed blacks of the There ie more crime nt more ofthe N th then amon, nd benpy sinves of the very best condition, with their pilities, which they can possibly Werte it necessary, | ould eatiefy 'y candid and unprejudiced mind, if theHoly Bibie be Ml clothed jur slaves are in th mental and moral o ite oF enjoy jouth of truth. ns Terme of social life, never war and never can be. sipfal God encouraged it. and, by @ penalty sanctioned the that flavery in iteeif, ne of the Anetitution from the burning mit of Mount Sinai tees ‘ot tne constitution, without violating jing, the South is galled by through our | case knife. | you will find a half bushel of corn meal inside, and over | here is a cupboard | in the corner; open that, and perbaps you will fladacap | fo ‘abolish avery in the District Rolamiie, to prevent the ion of any ne does mot exelude slavery by ‘its cqeuton and to prevent the transfer of slaves told oa to ancther. We are insulting ; floors of Congress, that, although yet of wenay by thirds of the me: id an eq) ‘aliforoias was an the © which the extended territory 4n {ach of the soll as acquired, yet we ball not en) phe doctrine inculeated slaveholders, We have hegies to protect those who that when a government oawer the ends for which constitute it. it ceases tf longer worth preserving it was instituted, and ifeg much for peace sake; but (Cheers ) @ Poease to be w virtue. Bat é Se foe. ieee Way to accomplieh the objects ; secret agents are employed te ped... ie -arnliebantae out of a great accumulating fund) ues” aint Alsseminate printed documents secret OWFdte discord among ourselves, to array Geclgned {© Cour citizens against another—neighbor “ gay erébor, Every one knows that it is utterly pean ay ud impracticable to send off three millions pp oe Malued wt one thousand millions of doilars. {LAS those men propose todo? ‘To free them in Wels! ‘This, sir, is the Arst result aimed at. Sir, ou prepared for this? Is there # man through ree veins flows Southern blood who will ever consent ‘be placed upor an equality with the negro race? No, ir, ‘e areas ove man on this subject. The North Teckons without its host, if it anticipates disunion here. We are prepared for the worst, We would pre- fer the midnight assassin, the incendiary’s torch, as lesa dangerous to our rights and well being than the foul traitor who secks to create sedition, We have rights not to be conceded, not to be yielded but with our lives, We bave yet the fire of revolutionary blood coursing through our veins, and if the North are pro- pared to drive us to that extremity, we, like our fathers, will “Riso vpon our mountain sod, And man willarm and woman catl on God.” Mr. Chairman, our object to-day is to perfect a dia- tinet political organization which exists in every dis- trictin the State, which is intended whea the laws are too tardy to teach the traitor from abroad or the tuaiter at home, a lesson which he will require to learn but once Sir, our motto is “ My country ! my country right or wrong—my conntry any how! “Mr. Henny con: curred fully in all the gentleman had said ; he hoped that when’ the vigilance committee were satistied of & man’s guilt, they would not wait for law, but hear, judge and punish by their own action It was use- lees to talk in the South, about protection from Congress against the free soilers. We mat protect ourselves by using our own power. fe was ready todoit He would sooner go at once for disunion, than to submit to the projects on foot by the free soilers He said the object of the committee should be to see and hunt vpany inthe district. ifany were to be found, who were against us. an there were any traitors or tories among us, they should be treated as the tories were treated in this neighborhood in revolution ary times, He hoped there were none among us now. (Looking at your interesting correspondent in a very hungry manuer ) Mr. Canenos (a Senator of this State,) concluded. by reiterating what he had before said, * We love union, but we love liberty better, and between the two would not hesitate a momevt.”’ Mr. Tuomrson, amember of the vigilance committee, raid the committee had been very active, and had se- cured a mass of testimony in the case of Burrett, and there could be no doubt but that they had sufficient to secure his conviction ‘The follewing resolutions were then offered by Dr. J. ‘Winemith, and pasted unanimously, every man (700 or S800) solemnly holding up bis right hand, aud the meot- ing adjourned :— Resolved, That the people of Spartanburg district, eordi- ally “approve of the proceedings of the Coumittes of Vigi- ce. Sesolved, That they have full and entire confidence in the prudence, intelligence committee, and hereby pledge tv them their ¢o- ope. support. After the meeting, 1 crossed to the prison, ia com- any with Mojor Legge, the Postmester, and rpent an Bour in Barrett's ov The particulars must be de- ferred until next mail, as this letteris already ton long NORTHERNER, nsrore Sexixes, Dis., 8. ©., Sept. 7, 1819 The Poor White People—Log Cabins—Their Furniture dracribed—Poverty in its worst form described —Supe- ws—Iron Meuntain Company —Factories On my srrival at these (formerly) celebrated Springs, I was sadly disappointed in regard to the extent of them, or the quantity of the people. 1 found what was formerly the church was the Lime prosperous days turned into a female boarding school. There are few strangers bere. There wre perhaps twenty families residing heve during the summer, but they Lave their owa private residences, and are per- manent at least eix months during the year. I travelled yerterday over a public road twenty miles, and stopped at nearly every house. They were occu- pied by what are called the “ poor white people.” I found fifty log houses on my route, You pass through forest and come to eleared land. You see on one side of the road a field of corn, say five to ten acres; off a few rods back from the road; amid this corn stands a log cabin, the smoke curling vp in blue wreaths even in theee hot days. ‘There is a wicket gate opening from the road, through which you pass and follow a foot- il you reach th rance ofthe cabin. There for a etep, and you enter, The woman is spinnieg. She asks you to at, whieh is made of hickory, both uprights and the seat.’ ‘There are two or three more like it. In the corner of the room is a bed; the fire-place is very large, aud the chimney is built of mivd outside the but. There are some nails for hate end clothes. ‘here is @ rifle on wooden pins ; a shelf with a few articles upon it, consisting of a broken comb, @ bible printed by the Am. Bible Society, and @ Im acorner isa barrel. Look into it, aud it, on a string, is a pivee of bacor ard raucer and a plate, and pe you won't. This isa pict k for the family—"My wan §s pulling fodder’ “ilow many children bh a? “Six;" and by and by you will see toe o {dozen finxy headed children peoping In through » crevices of the hut, forin the summer re are no windows, the filling in between the lo, taken out for air. You wonder how people ean ti such ove-room den. Yet they do live, and get on vory Well. They keep a cow sometimes, a fow pigs to moke ham and bacon, and they raise corn, whent, and onts, ‘Theewbin is worth twenty dollars ititwas to be bovght, but probably when erected, the eleared field, which {now cultivated with corn, was then @ w ‘The man paid one or two dollers an @ not whiskey, killed a plg. t ad ah put up the logs and he after. red, floored it, and filled ¥ GrOWH UP Fone and daughters, some excvodingly pret- ty, With hair and eyes as black as ravens. In one cabin Traw poverty inin its worst form, There was nothing Dut (be loge vo Gilling: there were two misorable bods, the door was open; at the entrance lay a large dog there was a sled, formed from two poles, and covered with branches © “Will that dog bite?” eatd door There was no reply. I ple wore dead, for I raw, through the jeets lying on the beds; | stepped over the dog and ertered the eabin. On one bed ping white man, his eyes rolling wildly et n said not ® word; on the other bed lay @ woman; she was pale ond emaciated, and locked like @ corpes, Ast stood gazing at these two wretched people, i was joined by my friend and fellow traveller, Gem, ©. What is the matter!” Noanewer None was needed. “Iere, you Jory lout. get up from that bed Here are two detiars; go | ond get something for that woman to eat” The chap took Lhe money and then sprke That old woman ts mother, Shi fis sud | can't leave her, or Pd have raired 6 Nota rolitary thing was wader that root was some cora. the rum. near the house bey live knows The General observed | have every part of thie State bat that beats the “ perate care of white poverty Lever raw. The fellow is too lexy to work" Laz # a disease met with in th Carolina amoxg all ele uifortably eloth end drivk, and they are eure of it mity should overwhelm both m rand slave, Io | twenty miles’ travel on the principal road, to within (except | ye immediate neighborhood of this piace rome iron works), | did not enter @ house, or fee a# mveh real comfort as 1 have seen in the negro quarters of any plantation | have visited ‘These mon might be comfortable, Land is cheap. lnbor ecets little White labor could be had for jay, (board included.) in any qu acta you may draw your owa ry and degradation of th ot an Why! one girl wor | factory ina week, than the same giti could e | home ina year’ There ts no reason why th bem poor white fanily ip this State. except the lazy habite which make and keep « poor white man & Yankee boy of 22 & Yaukee wife of 18, in any of these cabins | war in yesterday, with exactly the eame capital and then! wont esy that there would be a larger crop ef children in five years, yet I'llewear there would be & comfortabie framed dwelling: house, a well tilled farm of 200 se: a nice little garden for vegeta bles and flowers. « dovem slaves. horses, cows, pigs poultry to feed wregimentof childien at the end of that fod. And when a few more of the same sort of ¥ had clustered about the neighborhood. there w. be a lite one story red echool-house, and a ateepled Vuilding. with « bell'im it not far of | How | would like to eee a meadow if it wae only @ | Jersey meadow | have not reen on | left home, | They don't know what qrase is in th 1 forgot, 1 | dla cee & meadow of three seres Greenville, 1 vatched it for a week after the * cut. It was | © xpored full that time to dry. ‘he Inst time | passed. it wae raining in torrente, and they were preparing to ftack it’ They ratve corn when grass would pay trice | as well if they wederstood it After passing the house | where [raw the young man and his mother. | came te | a erave where they were erecting a Baptist meeting- | house The building was modelied after a Jersey barn Two miles further on. | o a s view priced me. | was on tl the pope fo fam mill-pond, Atthe stone Hotel, andthe splendid hotel of other and more, other extremity of the bridge were the iron-werks. far- maces. saw-milis, and factories - running parallel with and only # biscuit throw’s distance, was @ dam 100 fect wide, over which poured the water of the Pacolet, glanc ing in the sunlight. Below the bridge. on my rizht, were masses Of rock for a quarter of a mile, over which the wate: d. hing and foaming, until they reached # hill which turned the river to the left out of view. The hill was covered with forest trees; oppo- rite were tall brick chimneys, pouring out the red tire- blaze at midday, and volumes of bluck smoke This view, combined with the noise of the water, and, high above that, the heavy sound of a trip-hammer. made au impression on my mind which lasted over five min- utes; during whieh time, | thought of my friend Read, who used to sketeh for the Herald, and wished he was bere to take the view | have mttempted to describe. But businers is busine: as | never heard or dreamed of any euch place before, I crossed the bridge to get the particulars. [ found in the iron works a gen- tleman who eatisfied my curiosity. By the way, when 1 told him who I w @ Wished to subseribe for the Weekly Herald, and paid moe three dollars, tor which I gave a receipt, He wants it sent for one year from the time “ Northerner’s”’ letters began to appear to— “Col Sampson Bobo, Hurricane, Spartanburg Dis., 8 0.” He told me he was Barrett's counsel, aud be is one of the main wen in this iron county | have not seen @ Herald with any of those letters as yet. ‘This iron Mountain Company and Rolling Mill are Iccated about 12 wiles from this on the Spartanburg road. They get their iron ore in the neighborhood. Eight negroes can dig out enough per day to supply their two biast furnuevs. One is at thi: place, Hurri- cane; the other is 12 miles from it,at the Cowpens, Where the battle was fought. ‘The company employ about 200 men, all told; 170 are slaves, aud are wort! $000 each. ‘The capital stock of the company ix $100,000, and pays 10 per cent interest, They bave # wail factory which ures up 2,000 pounds @ day, for which they get 5 cents @ pound. ‘The ore is carted 6 to 10 miles from the ore banks; it looks like black rocks. ‘hey throw it into® blast furnace; when it comvs from this. it 13 called pig metal. and is St for castings. ‘The pig metal is then flung into the puddling furnace, when it be- comes malleable iron; itis then dragged in larga. red hot lumps to the enormous trip hamaer, and turned over under that, until it is knocked ship-shape, or iuto rolid blocks, which they call blooms, ‘Then tt passes through the roliing furnaces, when it loses about 15 er cent, und is rolled into bara, pail plates, hoop iron, ands, or any form they want it. ‘They use up about 4,000 pounds per day for this purpose. which they sell for $3.80 cach, or fA tick. Besides the 2000 pounds daily for nails, they make castings and machinery ot any kind, which may be ordered for 34 cents ‘per pound. ‘They sell every dollar's worth of the iron they iske in any form, on the spot for home consumption ‘The feed and clothing of these claves costs about $35 ‘The interest om their value at 6 per cent, is $36 more. ‘They can hire men (slaves) at $6 per mouth. ifthey keep the. Slaves (women) ean be bired for factories at $3 ‘here ix a store on the ground, where everything can bad which the workmen or neighborhood require. be company (of course) make a living profit on that investment After getting the above particulars, and watching the movements of the workmen for # long Lime, in dragging out the red hot iron with their long tongs, apd using it up in the various ways described, | continued wy journey to this place whee cooled off in the limestoue water. which | have not yet perceived to bedifferext from apy other kind of water NORTHERNER, Srantaveeno Dis. $C, } September 8, 1849, Description of the Springs—Seminaries—Hotels and Churches—Judge Johnson—Moccasin and Water Snakes —Studtes of the Girls—Oxides of tron—Metals—Cot- ton Pactories—Lime—Anecdote of Abolitionism. In my former letter from this pluce, | gave yous very hastily written account of a pedestrian tour among the poor white people, and only alluded slightly to this spring and its matters ; it deserves a fuller account than I bad time to write. It po s many attractive features; among them the Female Seminary cannot be omitted. Formerly, this spring was the resort of thou- ands annually ; but alas! they have fallen off, and the place would be appropriately named, if christened, “ the deserted spring.” ‘The magnificent and extensive ho- tel and grounds, which cost a company over $50,000, js now tenanted by # seminary of young ladies, The church of old is now the “ Limestone Springs Hotel,” and is well kept by venerable old gentleman, of the pame of Rouben Perry For a quict summer residence it offers many attractions; and I know of no hotel, where a family can live and be more comfortable, than with my friend Mr. Perry. His charges are very mode- rate. His position in life has been superior to what it now is; from being Superintendant (1 believe) of Georgia Mint, be now superintends @ quiet hotel in a quict litle village. 1 rpent last evening at the residences of Judge John fou, tbe predecessor of Goy. Seabrook in the guberna torial chair of this State. He isa venerable gentleman of the old echcol. and his Intelligent conversation and happy lavgh will keep me company for some days, at least’ | drank. athis house, a cup of tea picked in his 4. eolient eup of tea it waa vernor Will become an especial favorite of ers, When | inform them that it was under | hie edvice that the Spartans acted, when they arrested | Mr kb 1 accompanied the ¢ | ing. to me improvements making at a bridge | negre d, amoceain suake of con- sidereble size ‘I had beard so much of this snake be- fore | came South, that I had formed a most excellent | idea of its poisonous qualities, and was anxtous to | eee one. Judge of my astonishineat, when I found | an cid aequaintance of my boyhood deys—a water | euake, and 1 bave killed huadreds of them. They | ere sufficiently poisonous to produce # slight pau- | seau to the party they may bite. To be sure that was not mistaken, | examined his head, but could discover no fign of fangs. The moccasin killed this morning had none, and | am sure bis bite could only produce irritation on the skin. The teeth re not sharper than the outside of a tin nutmeg gra- ‘The Governor has not entirely recovered from his cident two y ‘o. He is still lame, though in other respects enjoying goo lively interest in the cem 4 vieit today ‘The rommer residence of Colonel Fimere sdjoins that of Governor J, and as t | Colonel was not well enough to accompany me on the | visit, he gave me @ letter to Mr. Curtiss, the prin yal of the school, which I delivered this morning. I have never troubled my head much about female semina- ries of any kind; but the “Limestone Springs Female High School” etrikes meas being a touch above the common orde?, and I will give you a shght gketeh of it | The building occupied (the old hotel) is Owned by the | Reve de Curties, father and son 1 prevented my | letter to the ron, (he father being absent; aad the son, | whois & very intoliigent person, took me through the | building, abd showed mo all that was to be seen There were wbout 0 pupiie—@ very beautiful ret of young miseer, from 12 to 18. ‘The building could ao commedate 200 more It stands on au eminence which ecmmends a view of the town and adjacent country. It is built of brick, four stories hig wide upper and lower pigzzes on both sides of it, whic! | make excessively om promenades for the young damecl® A more healthy location could not be found. ‘The great charm about It for parents, is tte distance from cites and large town plete seoiu- | thom it eflers to their di from the parental f. The d yet they do » Linnstoxe Sere al have paid t permit any tecta- > intrude foto their establishment. They 1 dancing, aud there is a large saloon ®p that especial pur, Chere is ® fermons on Sundays, of course, to keep naughty thoughts away from the pupils oung ladies reside within the walls, There are utellers and the pupils are rot exposed to flirta- flirt with ia the vile one, as there are no Foung men fos, which it isp loge | The following are the sumed they all become proficient in; at least, they ave & chanee to do eo if they wih it’—Kames’ Criti- saphy; Butler's Analogy; Khetorie; Huge ; Geometry; Al- Mineralogy; Chemi hilosophy; Botany; Astronomy; Geography; jrammar, Orthography; Readiag; Writing; French: Claccion; Drawing and @lework; Deeoram, ‘There are nine pianos, and harps and ¢ quantity, im the different rooms, They alro Hterery societies with reading rooms attsched—and ‘ainting; Muse; Nee- pewepapers, They are named after cele- Pelee the Sigourney 8 and “ The Hemans Society” are 12:8 to prinetpal ones, | visited their rooms {did mot een © Copy of the Herald on their tables. They elect @r.' eR" “honorary members.” ‘They hare s who have been elevated to this distioctin. no dowbt that J. G. Bennett will beelected eonfident be will, if he will end the “ Hemans © Sigourney Literary Society’ a copy of the Herall for aye sorry | canact devote more of this letter but | will add an appendix tothe annual what this piace was, and wh i ry oviebrated w on whieh the improvemen are rit near 3) ner i Which is woodland, Om it are im And the purest bine limestone. ‘On the premises are ® four-story brick beitding, 274 feet Jong end 40 fect wide, having arze dintog hall, and corre. | rponding erawing with ee. » the Targest ansible bede cipal building, ¢ ry ad w half hig! bald painted, alaced, and f edvantoge in ly laid out, pl tase, It ia Couptey abounding in beantiful seenery aur cry side, while nese it are objocts well worthy, {tne traveller. The justly celebrated @ + the Kirby. Spring ¢. sulphur springs of Wi aid to be “te tl ¥hite ewlphur of Virginia, the re: of Blacketocks, Cow 4 Ki f Spartanburg, Ui fold end ircn, varie ee consentrate tr Several #tage mail ro 3 jon with ry facility exists f the entobrity of the climate, j¢ f edweation, several fam tic at the Sp intellig: nt ly hile ample a s may be reverved for visiters, ‘Tie ndvantege this would afford. to the parents or friends of Fopils to be with them and judg eit pre would o of the somnmn be without perfect he "th - cost more Peentiarl Recent events have of the South im warning, and it deration of the religious amongst us, whether this opportunity shadl be permitted to pare before, fod trom them, omimmproved, for establishing a cchool of standard instruction for the rising generation, bd thus doing so much Kod, by ® safe and sound domestic sineation. ‘The above is e capital description of the place, aud! add my endorsement. The hotel dereribed is now the High School, but there is # smaller but exellent hot and any one can come here and pass his tine very de- livhtfully and economically. The walks are ploasant and the rides delightful, abd one can enjoy both with- out being interrupted in the least. I gave you, in my last, ecount of an iron com- peny. There are two more in the vicinity, six and ight miles Cistant. much larger Iron ere is found ia this region and of all kinds, save the bog ore, The re ave the black oxide, red oxide, and the brown bermitides. It is all dug out in this neighborhood ‘The Cherekee Iron Works managed by Col. El more, who is now here The company have at work 200 persons, about 170 are slaves, and 30 white men; there 80 are every wan of them from the North, This company can make four toos of iron per day. ‘The King’# Mountain Company are about a mile below the Cherokee, They make about two tons por day The rocees of smelting and working up the metal into Sioces is the same as | have described. There is no mineral coal in South Carelina, aud the heat required in making the irom is furnis! from wood and char- coal, There might be ten times the iron made t! now is, and this district could euppiy the United ates, and with @ better article than the Swedish or ral resources of this distri not yet beginning to be developed. Black ma ese is seattered all over this region, where millions of tons could be picked up While he em exports the same article in various forms, to the extent cf three millions of dollars aunu- ally, we lost it. Copper ore is found in this region. Plumbago is here in immense quantities. One vein whieh | have seon would to day be worth a million of dollars, if located im Youkee land. Lead also is abundant. There is water power sufficlent on the two rivers—Broad and Pacolet—which both run within six miles of this place, to start ® Massachusetts city of manufactures 1 have dircovered one thing bere. and that is that gold ore abounds in any quantity It is coutained im @ sul- phuret of egpper und of iron Now, if there is any in the North who can find out the secret of ex- tracting the gold from thore sulphates, he need not go to California. This district is pisos for a genius who can discover what is not yet Known. There are thovrands of tons of this ore lying on the ground here, which would yield 4 haif eagle to every bushel. There is a cotton factory tix wiles trom here, at @ place called Bevansvilie. ‘They run 1,600 spindles; the proprietor is Col. Lightner; he works only white labor. fe says be finds it cheaper than bieck labor, for he can get the white at twenty to thirty cents aday, and slaves would cost him $600, the interest would be $35, and the food, clothing, sickness. &e, make it dearer to him than white labor, at even thirty cents ® day. I intended to have visited the Cowpens, aod King’s mountain, but rhall not have the time to do #0. Ono is twelve aud the other twenty miles from here. I went toa lime quarry, about a quarter of a mile distant; it is a very rimplo bustoess, The men blow it out of the quarry With gunpowder, throw it into the kiln, fire up. and in ten days there is the lime ready to barrel, Mr. Curtiss, the proprietor, has but one kiln. He will make 2 000 barrels thie year. He sends it dewn to Columbia, via Broad River, where he gets $1 75 per barrel It is equal to the Thomaston lime, which sells in Chark ston at $1 25, but cannot be sold in Columbi for $1 75; consequently Mr. Curtiss will have the sup- plying of ell this up country. ‘These Southern manu- Jeeturers of any article gauge their prices of what they manufacture, by uorthern prices If they acted wisely, they would add @ living profit to the cost of these manufactured cotton goods, and other ar- licles, and sell them for that, without opposition to northern prices, and put an end at once to successfal north rp ompetition. I .was told a little anecdote, this morning. which is too good to be 1 A Southern gentleman wished to free rome slaves. and took them us far as Pittsburgh, intending to plant them in Ohio. He bere met his brother, who had te: led in that State, and whom he bad commissioned to select @ spot. He told the one who wished to free his slaves that they Would not de allowed to core to any Ohio town te be made free—that the inbabitants would drive them away, and that there would be a great deal of expense, anxiety, ard trouble ; that his best plan was to put his slaves on board @ steamboat bound from Pittsbargh to New Orleans, and to give out that he, the master, was taking them there for rale ; that he would then have no troubie in getting them provided for in Ohio, as the abolitionists would steal them. He acted into the interior of Obio, Vevasco, Sept. 22, 1849, of Northern well as the Views on Southern Slavery—The Effects Atolitionism—The Ruin of the North South. ‘Will you allow me, through your journal, to mal few remarks on the subject of slavery’ Your bold, in- dependent course, in regard to this agitating topic, and the popularity and wide-spread circulation of your paper, unite to wake the Herald the best medium of communica- ting to tbat portion cf your readers, look into & Southern journal some of the difficulties likely to fol- low from the schemes of the abolitionists. I do not feck, on scriptural grounds, or upon the marked dif- ference Detwoen the Caucasian and the African race, to justify the institution of slavery, That I leaveto others, The practical question now is, can the South rid herrelf of the demestic slavery entailed upon her? and secondly. if she could, what would be the reeult to the Unton at large? Before discussing these points, i assume it as true, that the object of the present free soll party is, not only to exelude rlavery from all ter- ritory belonging to the United States government, but ultimetely, and as coon as that is accomplished, to wage war inst the institution in the slave States, and extinguish it by all means—/fas aut nefas. Tho voice of the abolitionists was first heard emong the old maids and tea drinkers at the North. It came up gently to the balls of Congress, in the language of petition ; it waxed bolder and stronger, until political abolitionism, uniting with the real ef the fanatic that once small volee, now speaks in thunder tones that convulse the Union. The demands of thet party are now more ar- regant, compared with what they were twelve years ago, than they would be afier the accomplishment of thelr avowed cbjects, should they require tho total abolition of slavery in the clave States, When dida aty ever slop in the midut of its eareer? like the tizh* of blood upon men in bate #tofuriher strngels. Yield to the free sollers all they eleia in Coliforpia, in N exico, plant their tieg im the Dietrict of Columbia aad on every foot of ground owned by the genera! governaent, end thelr ery will th ow for the slave States! ‘Thatis the history cf al! endent and far publie opinion er direction, to point out the evil consequeno y to result, from driving the slave States to ox. treme measures. New Vork, alone, may hold the des. tinies ofthe country inher hand The great mass of | her people are dispored to do what is right, but unad- vised snd thougbtlersly, under the lead of designing men, they are about to perpetrate a creat wrong, and under mivapplied sympathy for the black, to commit ran justice agrinst their brethren ot the wite race, , to Ue practical question. Cen the Seutl i and legitimate r left to the parties rieal force greater than thet which roceesstully resisted the powe There slaves, inured to labor p eat ph cal strength, tg t, and of course wader tein finence of brutal passions, if turned loose as a body of emancipated freemen, with arms ia in theit hands, which th d have a right to hold, would cecupy a foil of dan, eo fruitfal of collision, that the interval between the act of abolition and the outbreak ¢ id be but as the fash that ¢ thunder, “his reeult is i The ial and polities! ality, wnite, ‘Phe hise tery of the French avd Britich West India Ietands ie proof of this The divtinetion of easter, the odium of color. is kept up even at the North, where sympath: forthe Diack ie the theme of the puipit, the forum. an! the hustings; and could we anticipate a better feeling, a clover o. between the two races at the South, embittered as their recollections would be by their for: mer relationship’ ‘The negro. stimulated by real or imaginary wrongs, avd puffed up b new position. act more than could be y t hile the old master could illy bear to be his path by the inso! t would spread wherever the ite end che blac! Man stood face to fre. and that would end only im the anztbllation of one or the other race Look at 8 rmingo—read its tale of marsaore, end tietento the eke of its victims! ewret to our breth a the North? must be re city; aod an doubt the ‘The skill, the energy, the riority of the whites will bring them victors ont of the cenfiiet with a country haif depopulated, and th felves ruined In the death-struggle. Tho real wboli- tiomets—the fanatics— would bave canse to weep over the unfort hjects of their ay mpathy and interte- renee, while the potitical free rotlere might chuckle cover that decimation of Southern strength which would throw the President-making and the patronage of the government into the hands of @ sectiowal party. But would the triumph expiate the eacrifice’ Another view of this suljeet. Assuming the slave population at the South to be three millions five hun. jred thousnnd and tl of each slare at b- ed by the constitution you expect the people of the tlave States to relinquish their right to this property, or tamely submit to men- sures having a direct tendency to impair that right, Without a strug In what age or history do you find men ready to mi orifice Fo it’ and that, too, not tor those near and dear to them. but at the im; our call ofa party whe reek, at one blow, to strike down their private fortunes and political power. Even the rankert abolitionist cannet count upon our sub. mirsion. If the South should aseume the position that this was m ral hip, frow the idea would not be more ben the preeeriptive doctrines of the rty; and how would euch a movement be oil of Massachusetts? She would strike her d tear (if need be) the And yet this is not In takivg measures to enforce the abolition of ell tlavery, the injury to the South would not alone be felt in the loss of her slaves, but there would follow a ruinows depreciation in the value of lands, and every perty. Of what use to the owner, would be his two land, bis suge) ee Mile, or his cotton gins, bis teams and his implements of husbandry ’— ‘Who would buy them—who would use them? The English government, urged on by hort-sighted fa- iciem, doled out a partial justic dian planter, and taking from him his slave property, paid him balf its value But who paid for the ruined estate, the uncultivated fields, the unocoupied houses, the languicbing trade and prostrate energies of a peo- le who were, Once, ws proud as they were generous rk! They were paid half the value of their slave: and yet the Islands were ruined. It is contemplated at, the North to abolish slavery and pay the Southern sla holder nothing. Is this injustice iil to make the ex- eriment more successful than in the West Indies? | With this living example before them, with a clear ap- rehension of the designs of the political abolitionists, s it to be wondered at t h counsel of their fears and talk of modes and measures of precaution? In a orisis like this, the abolitionists caunot lull the storm they have raised by flapping in our faces the stars and the stripes. When a man is about to be robbed of his property—when the law, | which he looked to as @ shield, is beaten down before him, and his own and the life of his kith and kin is about to be put at hazard by @ violation of the great rivciples of the Union, it is idle to talk of devotion to hat Union. We prize & government only as it protects our persons and property, and gives free play to our energies, physical and intellectual. Makethat govera- ment an engine of oppression and wrong, and we care | not by whom established, or by whom administered, it ceases to be a blessing. e do not, and will mot say one word against our glorious Union, The South are | as loyal in their attachment te the constitution as the North Guard that, and the patriot wish of esto per- petua is the united sentiment of the South. But when 2 politician bigh in place, like the distinguished sena- tor from New York, avows the doctrine that there is an obligation resting on individuals and on the States, reater than the constitution itself, to abolish slavery, is the part of prudence, in thore thus threatened, to celculate the value of the Union. ‘We bold it then clear, that the forced and untimely abolition of slavery would ruin theslave States. What would be its effects upon the country at large? Tobas- co, rice. cotton and sugar are the four great products of the South. which form the basis of her trade aad prosperity. Now we venture to assert, and leave it to the observation of those best informed, that in less than five ce after the abolition of slavery there would net be rice, cotton or sugar enough grown and made in the United States to supply the demand of the States south of Virginia. This is noidleopinion, Ex- erience has proven that ina fertile soil, particularly jouth of the Slst degree of latitude, ot be profitably employed in the field; sis necessary to the full produc- ir great staples. The cultivation of the cot- ton plant, particular of constant toil and ex- posure. From the time the seed is put in the ground, which is done in February or March, until the crop is housed, in December or January, there is no respite for the laborer, In the months of August and September, when the dews are heavy avd the sun sickening in its beat, the cotton picker must be in the field at dawa and stay there till night. He cannot wait or change his labor till the dew has dried or the weather is fair, ‘The crops might be lost. Now, the white man cannot stand this exposure. If constantly employed, he sick- ens, iu the summer months, even under the shelter of the work house. The negro, on the contrary, fattens on it, The dew and the rain and the scorching sun aro to bim the breath of life, and if well fed and clothed, and reasonably worked, he fulfils his happiest destiny. Dut,be wili not work without compulsion. That is @ fixed fact. Starvation may drive him to labor for pre- he never looks ahead. if left to his own exertions, at the farthest, there might be around each negro but, in the South, a patch of cane, corn, rice or tobaceo, but no cotton—nothing for exportation. Now, sir, grant that everything went on peaceably, that tho whites and the blacks livedin harmony, an that the latter class, elevated to the rank of freemen, instead of being, as now, partially represented in the national councils, should be entitled to their fall share according to numbers, what would the North gain by it?) ‘Lhe negroes. from being a contented and producing class, would be converted into @ race of idle drones. ‘The great siapies which we now send to the North, for consumption or manufacture, would cease to be pro- duced, and the industry and home produce of the North, which comes to us in eountless ways, wou!d be uavalled for, unconsumed by us, for the reason that we should ave nothing to pay with. Cease, or limit, the produc- tion of cotton, sugar, rice, and tobacco, to the actual vantsof the Southern States, and what else bave we got to send to the North, in exchange for her commodt- ties? That this result will follow the abolition of sla- very, | as sincerely belivve as in the simplest fact re- corded in — The opinion is based upon o life's acquaintance with the negro character, upon practical obsrrvetions on Southern climate, upon the history of St. Domingo and the British West indie Ielands, and upon the attempts, wherever, made to substitute, with the black, free for compulsory labor. The question again recurs, what will the North gain by her anti- very movement! She will increase the negro repre- ntation on the floor of Congress, and clore » great outlet to her trade. Go into one of your manut uring towns and tee the articles packed up fur shipment for the Southern tlaves—coarse cottons, coarse woollens, negro shoes, hate, blank awis, handkerchiefs. knives, and the untoid implements of labor. Abolish slavery, and the game is blocked against that trade. Why, tir, Abbott Lawrence has as deep an interest in the maintenance of slavery as any man at the South, If properly understood, a reciprocal interest would unite the two rections of the Union in one harmonious action in all that relates to slavery. The South is the producer; the North the ehipper,the manufacturer, and the merchant, The slave-grown cotton alone, which is the largest article of export, is the main spring of Northern enterprise; it is first taken trom a Southern ort to New York or Boston, thence carried into t interior towns, or ebipped across the Atlantic into foreign ports, whence a return cargo is brought again to the Northern cities, aud the product in toreiga or demertic growth, or manufactures, reconveyed to the South. How much does the North make out of this carrying trade? How much would she lose if the South bad no cotton to export? The merchants, the manufocturers, the shippers, and ali concerned, had better look to it; and, by one common effort, ‘beat down the arm of abolitioniam now raised to strike a blow at the South, the recoil of which may be felt in the extremest village of the North. Ww Canney, S. C. Visit to Camden—The Distingurs Place—The Battle Fields of So The Heroes of the Mexican War, & The last letter 1 wrote to the Heral’, was dated at the Limestone Springs. The'next day, | left for Glen Springs. On my arrival 1 found, at seven o'clock, P. M., the ball room filled. I merely walked in and took a look; to me the room pre- sented no very attractive features. There were many very beautdul faces there. I wished that my friend 8. had been in my place, for with his perfect knowledge of everything—of all that makes up the outside of anything—that custom orders to wear petticoats, he would have beea abie to have given you a grand report. In the morning I started for Union Court House. It is hike all the other court house towns ia South | Carolina. Iwas called upon by the nt of the Herald, Mr. J. L. Young; also by the Hon. Mr. Wallis, who informed me that he was to start for the Mississippi Convention the next day, wished me to go alow with him. J partly that | would so. . | Wepassed a night ot Union C | in the morning General Conte Ve 1 ses, ABU WE Commented our Oct. 1, 1849. Men of the Cardina— aad ised ase, and ordered o's hig purnay to Wi ro. LT ought here te mention, thet I liad arrived in the latge—or at least Ove of the loryest—cotton Towing dretricts of thie State. (Farrtield diet 1 sow large fields of it ae we approached tue old town of Wineboro. The cotton was ripe for pick- ing, and many fields that we passed presented al- most a snowy Whiteness, and m revere! | saw the black contrast of the laborers, who weie 9 it, We arrived at Winsboro, at 104. M. I called on your namesake,Sthe Herald. Tne Wairteld Meral! as conducted by Mr. Britton Near dark we arrived at Comden, and, as twilight deepened into evening, and we were approaching Hobkirk Hull, historical recollections came clus: tering around me. J could almost see in the green | trees ond bushes thet Jined the road the forms of tawdon, Green, De Kalb and others. As we rode slong, 1 thought of the glorious days of the revolu- tron, and of what had happened on the very spot— of the time when the Earl of Rewdou commanded | here in Comden—of the misery of the poor whigs urough a long night—of the morping that brought joy to thousands, when Lord Rawdon ead the Brie = jorees were forced to leave Camden, and go elo Late im the evening we arrived at the residence of General Cantey ; and, after witnes sag Ue cor- dial reception of him by his family, your corres pondent sat down at his table, and joined in the fomily meal. Who is General Cantey ? neks many of your read- ere. Ile is the Inspector General of the State of South Carolina, and Ihave to thank him for his kindness to me onally ; and the Mera/d has to thank him for ile kindness to one of its correspon- dents. For several doys he placed his carriage and horses, and his favorite coachman, old Jack, at my service, and out ef regard to the Herald wok me wherever | wished to go. This State has not a mere faithful officer in it than Gen. James Cantey; and while he lives Lhope he may retain his present position. The residence is on Hiobkirk Til, the celebrated revolutionary battle ground, under Rawdon on the British side, d Greene on the American. 1 have lois of bullets and balls, picked up here, which the geucral wished me to hand Mr. Bennett. — A As L once wrote, there is much in historical as- sociations—much, in being connected with the past. ‘The very room | now occupy was once occupied Cantey, a son of the old a Aiex C0. oe. yor officer in the Palmetto regiment, he while fighting the battles of his country in As Halleck once wrote— None knew him but to love him; None named hi ut to praise, He went forth to the war from this House, his heart beating high with fond ae of what was to come; but, when he reached the victorious fields in Mexico, in the hour of battle with our foes, surrounded by the friends of bh i the midst cf the Palmetto regimen as the brave should meet it.) In the dark hour, when the eyes were closing in death, and when its agenies were convulsing bis frame, and while the spirit was lingering in the body, for a moment, perhaps, be thought of the bright hope of his fu- ture—a dark haired, accomplished Souathera gurl, whose merry song had often rang through this old mansion, end then—the spirit left. His body was brought home, and 1s buried here. The association of the past—of Hobkirk Hill— where he had been raised, had made him a soldier, and he gallantly met a soldier’s fate. The General had another son in Mexico. He went through the campaign, returned in safety, and now lives with his fair New York bride, next house to his father. The next house beyond (and all these houses are within reach of my Voice) is oecupred by Major Cantey, the brother of the General. le, too, had a son on the battle fields of Mexico, and who fought there most gallantly. Though he returned with a shattered jaw, yet, Ihope, he will live long enough to represent this distriet in the next Con- gress. Underneath the same roof is a fair widow, who was reared upon this spot. Her husband was the Lt. Colonel of the Palmettos, and fell at Cheru- busco. You willagree with me that association is all powerful—that the past gives impulse to the future. The past 1s great. No man—no, no nation | can ever be great that has not a past to look back to. Debaters inthe, French Chambers, have talked about disconnecting France with the past. It will be her downfall. Our federal Umon have always had a past. Our success, our glory, and our great progress, has been in a great measure owing to the fuet, that neither the Sixte or Federal govern- ments have ever disconnected themselves with thet past, but—I am getting away from Cainden. One thing struck me as 1 was wandering about the place, which may strike your readers. yA front of alittle church, was a plain, simple marble mo- nument. ‘Near the top of the pyramid, enclosed in a wreaths cut in the marble, were these simple ‘words :— “To De Kaun.? They attracted my attention, and 1 entered the enclosure and copied what follows :— ‘On the north side.] Here lie the remains of Baron De Kalb, a German birth, but in principle a citizen of the world. [On the south side} His leve of liberty induced him to leave the old world, to aid the citizens of the new in their struggle for Independence. His distinguished talents and many virtues, weighed with Congress, to appoint him Major General in tne Re- volutionary A) [On the east side.) d services, the citizens of Cam- rected this monument. {On the west side.) He was second in command in the battle fought near Camden, on the 16th of August, 1780, betweun the British and Americans, and.there nobly fell, covered with wounds, while gallantly per- forming deeds cf vaior, im rallying the. friends and opposing the enemies of his adopted country. I think you will agree with me, that I had better defer my description of the ** De Kalb Cotton Ma- uufactory” in this place to another letter, as a mixture ot mascliioay, and monuments, called by the same name, would not harmonize. NorTnerner. Grateful for his den hay Our Cincinnati Correspondence, Cincinnati, September 29, 1849, The Growth and Prosperity of Chicago, Illinois—The Cities of the Great West, $c. Although at Chicago but for a short time, on my last vitit, and during the period in which the pestilence was at the worst at St. Louis, and other important points, with which Chicago is in the largest basivess sympathy, the very perceptible increase 1n the number of buildings, particularly in the outskirts in the South Bravck, and the great improvement in the streets, both in the extension and finish of them, gave me a more decided impression in favor of the substantial prospects of the city than I had ever had before, I felt that the large increase of population, so evident, without @ census, tince the last year, and the general appearance of thrift everywhere, giving such signs of constant and growing prosperity, left the great future destiny of the place without adoubt. I have known judicious mea who, but a few years ago; bad misgivings of Chieago— probably because her origin and history were associated with number! failures of other towns of about the fume age, whose prospects were theught to have been quite as goed; but such men could,entertain no such misgivings now. ‘The growth of population from 4 in 1540, to 20.600—the census of the present year —an this, too, without the aid of dollar of banking capl- tal, or, until within the iast eighteen months, a single artificial form of intercommunication with the coun- try. tells ® story of the inherent importance of the wees as a business point. which caunot but put to ightall doubts which a proper jealousy of the specu. lative spirit so rife in cur country may heretofore have sngyested about the fature ot Chicago. 4 Michigan Cenal, already completed. Dee ¢ lake with the Miseissippi, through the l\linoisriver, and establishing between (he two # commercial inter- course of inoaleulable extent, of which Culesgo mast be the great central pelut of distribution — tins cans I cay, witb the railroad to Galena, already comply! end used — i forty—aod, in y ry Zone of the richest agricultural and mineral regions {a the world, the main part of which, through the entire Northwest, must seck its market at Chicago; this canal and this rail- road, in connection with the iske mavigation, would. of themselves, be sufiicient to build up agreat city. Bal Hs great when you consider, in connection with these, t Michigan Central Railroad, already finished and trae 4 from Detrcit to New Buiialo, its present terminus on Lake Michigan— but svon to be carried to Michigi City, and. in the course of twoor three years, to be tinned round the head of the lake to jeago; and when you con idcr, also, the undoubted conuection bee tween this point andthe Ohio river whicn must be of the next thr are, by the json and Indian: Railroad, ady Mm progress of completion to yette, nivety-six miles from the head of the lwke, when you consider, further, the effect of these rail- road ond ennal connections to make Chicago » patat o trade of Indefinite extent for all seasons and months of the year, instead cf for only about the itepension of lake navigation by for some #ix or seven month, has heretofore made it—when. | say, you select en these things ia all the fraitfal asso- Gations of them, you will Gnd it diffeult to fx # limit e estimate cf what (bicago, inthe next t y- much more in the next thirty or forty y slned to be, among the greet elties of this contl Judy'ng frem the amount of business done through the cave the present year, as compared with corres- pencing periods of the last as aceriaiued by the Mya ative receipts of toll, whieh are more than dou- We may infer that flood, fire wad pestilence bat but Hictle effect in retarding the progress of the ‘These, in fact, ean be but temporary obstrae- ount of business to be fed romebody must doit. Losses from such vi- ne are, for the most part, individaal, aud where is ruined by them. two others stand ready to 7 at large (hein, and that only for a m 4 at Chicago ducing th with me in my eatimate present im k. e city licks, when there is @ certal twelve mont! within the p % some how OF ouer, there has been @ greatly beneficial cbance It ie curprising cot plain th that Fastern capitelicts, who woney is adeug at home do not take or fevd their money to great western points, where they can either employ it themeelves or loan it to others, om the best rceurity, om a most profitable interest; oa this Print, Hlinels was wise enough, at the last session of her Legielsture, to pasta inw authorizing of fen per cent on ail loans within her law should operace largely in favor of Chicago, there is ro mueh business to be done requirin money. and sue’ @ defloienay of that artic then te po In my judgment there is toe Union where the high vaiue of money, prices of real estate consequent u on i hy strong tovitations to capitellsts, whether nibg thele money or investing in rei estate, with the beet and most permanent improvements of it, as at Chicago | do not think itextravagant to aay tl Investments there now. at judicious points, would, im the meat Cen years, yield ten, if not twenty fold, Ranains or Geax. Wortn.—Colonel Darling, of New Yerk, arrived here yesterday on_the steam ship Galveston, Captain Crane, from Texas, with the remains of the gallent Gen. Worth. We learn that thove of the late Colonel Duncan will be forthe with brought from Mobile, when the two lamented officers ten pertners in victory, but at last united in deeth—wwill be conveyed to their final resting place ia New York, according to resolutions end ate meeting of the eity council. The Vie~ in CLexas) Advocate states that, out of respect to the memory of General Worth, Colonel C A. Hare per, J. L. Hewitt, H. M. Lewis, and J. Everitt, Lege. of Sam Antonio, and Dr. M. Johnson, of Le= ra, Were appointed by a meeting of the citizens Antonio, to accompany the corpse of Gene- rol Worth as fer as New Orleans. The bodies will be teken to New York via the river.—N.O. Picay- wne, Oct. 12. Steamnoat Accipent.—The steamer Pee Dee, which left this port on Monday ova | t, returned yesterday forenoon, leoking badly, having been ashore about twelve heure on Capers’s Island. She got aground on the beach while trying to round a point between Ga- pers’s and Dewees’s Islands, where the channel is very narrow, with a strong breez beat oy | from northeast, and the flood tide maki She has on boord a large and valuable cargo, belonging to chante in the interior of this State and North bly di . We the cargo in this city, but probably a large amount in Ni York offices. The freight meaty, is insured in South Carolina, and the boat in the Charleston In- surance <. i Company.—Charleston (8. C.) , Oct 18. EEE