The New York Herald Newspaper, September 16, 1849, Page 1

‘The Cuban Revolution E: ‘The Yew Orleans Picayune of the Tt ‘The steam+bip Falcon C»pt. Hartsteli here yesterday She left New York 01 ‘th Aug. 10 o'clock, P. M., Charlest August 30, the Tybe: Nght. Savannah. August 31 Havana, September @. By her we have reerived files of Diario de la ae in and the Faro Industrial, to the 1st inst., in- elves We have looked through these papers in vain for evi- dence of a movement of the disaffeoted. in confirmation of the report which was current in this city after the arrival of the British steamer Severn No acoouat is vem of the movemunt of Coed oe those parts of the nd which are more aseailable than Havans, although such has prcbably taken place.in consequence of the receipt by the authorities of Gen Taylor's proclama- tion, relative to the suppored intentions of the Round Islanders, We are induced to believe from private ac counts, that the former report is unfounded. and we attribute the silence of the journalists. in regard to ‘the mili ope prong of the Capt General, tothe ip of the press which, it is well known, Jed. it. contains an article, ex- jal of Merida, of the 10th August, commenting on the positive information which ‘the Governor of Yucatan had received, that 500 or 600 men, under the command of Col, White, were about in- vading the Peninsnis, with the view of joining tho Iu dian insurgents, and thus compelling the Yucateco au- thorities to pay them for their past services. The Bo- detin stigma them as pirates, and deolares that the government owes them nothing When Col White's command left Yucatan they were paid.as thet paper asserts, oll that wasdue to them Asto the promises of grants cf land which were made them in the ori- ginal contract, they were only to be conceded on condition that they remained until the conclusion of the war. But the government found it neces- sary to discharge them im consequence of their want of discipline and pernicious conduct. before the war ‘was over. and they therefore forfeited all right to grants of land. since they did not fulfil the conditions of the contract. The Boleiin winds upa long tirade by de- nouncing the supposed expedition as being as ridiou- lous asitis rash. ® We learn from a F eeoe..agd on the Falcon that there are not less than fourteen or fifteen armed Spanish vessels cruising about the i-land king up our summary of Havana 8, we Dave been favored by the editors of the Patria with a proof of a letter published in their sheet of to-day, of swhich the following is translatio: Havana, Sept 3, 1849 Yielding to your solicitations, | take up my pen for ‘the any of giving you the information you requ're, in the best maoner | possibly can. Business here ix ina atate of stagnation, such as er before witnexted in Havana. For cight or thing has been talked of in society but the recent effair of the jailer. Garcia, of the Spanish Con- sul in your city, and of the expedition which it is said is a in the United States, for the purpose of invading this island. The mole is deserted, and the Day, for the moment, presents an aspect of desolation. For the last ten years | do not recollect to have seen eo few vessels in our pert in the beginning of Sep- tember. Commerce may be said to be almost para- lyzed, and {t is feared that things will grow worse day after day After publishing ii mation of the Pri a the papes of the city the procla- dent of the United States, the Cio- ‘vernment bas adopted precautionary measures, which ill more terrible aspect to its acts, Almost all e newspapers and other periodicals from the United States have been detained, avd | heard it stated this morning, oe with the exception of the N. ¥. Chronica, every periodical. Spanish, French and English. printed in the republio, is strictly forbidden to be introduced into the island. The curious regard with avidity the thick walls of the palace, anxious to ascertain what is parsing within. movement of troops within the last fow days give rise to much speculation. Among rumors which circulated sotto voce is one which gives out that in the near vicinity of Puerto Principe 8.000 adven- ‘turers from the United States have disembarked, having General Don Narciso Lopez at their head. ut, as you are perfectly aware, only those whoare in the service of the government are acquainted with the real condition of things As for us, the profane, we are not all used to ascertain, or even to inquire, A a few mercbauts of this port. partic’ ly those who und+rstand Hnglieh. it is said there were at ‘Cat Island several! thousand men, preparing to embark for this island a few days after the departure of the British steamer Trent. It is confidently stated, that the regiment of Calabria, which was stationed at Puerto Principe, had pronounced wor of Narciso Lopes: that soldiers had killed their colonel, and done ges of a similar nu- ture. It was this cirew ce which induced the Cap- tain-General to put in morem several milita: dies. Since the 27th ult, the following corps marched for Nuevitas, Puerto Principe, and Trini ‘he ae regiments fantry; the de mules;) the King’s Lancers; the Ru- ral corps, and the militia cavalry. The four squadrons militia, we presume) are under the command of the uis de Real and D Vicent de Larreinage. The Movement of troops is considerable. The steamers which run in the coast trade have been derpatebed with all haste to Trinidad, carrying round & portion of the troops, supposed to be the battalion of the Havana regiment. and a battalion of that of Spain There is not # vingle man-of war now in this port; the brig Patri bich bad just arrived from ‘Vera Cruz. was forthwith loaded with powder and pro- visions, and set off again at midnight. ‘There has & levy of veterans—men who had heen discharged—and the town of ried. 8 Delta, of the same date. says :—Our , that the revoluticn had broken out pre- ~maturely in Cuba. at relieved yesterday by the news brovght bs aloon The alarm there, which cur corres indaced. by the myste- rious alr and mo authorities, toconstrue | into evidences of ithe people, has happi- | tion ave attention. the atroctous means resorted to by the Spanish autho- rities, im Cuba, to repress the rising spirit of independ- exce among (he peop! Havawa, Sept, 2, 1849, The dust has cleared bag a little, or the intensity of excitement bas abated, no that we could look at things coolly, if we had anything to look at, but we can get no data untinetured with loeal prejudice. or else magni- fied by Spanih timidity. The effect of the recent am- | nesty of the (queen goes to release from service, here. a | Jerge number of Carlist soldiery and should it take ef. feet now. the I:'avd foree would be reduced some three or four thousand men and, very properly, at this m> ment. the authorities deoiire piving the necessary ac- tion, which may. whilst ft keeps up the numerical ap- preranee, very much impair the efficiency of their | roops, if they find a field for trial, as the discontent | ‘will spreed, and be apt to paralyze the best atrategy (f their en'ightened an: to be well ascertatard. t or procure. by a more aaceriain t may eult the thousand tongues od leon understand. the contra | Letters are sub- ernment oficials, in any allusion matters touchti he inte. feeders of her Majesty t o- party addressed marked for police | pressed. and tvpervi-ion. If ® Creole gentleman wishes to sond his son Lnited States. for the parpose of educati + Tefteed pas-ports. from fear of the corrupting of eur institutions, Sereral have boon feteoee 0 Ue pact week. w gnged pa rage by the bark Rapid, which railed day, for New York It has been suppored that there was a movement toward baving the senction of nine tenths of the ety of the Island for a change to what is dee sort of government. #here the voice of eT wpe will be effective fir good; and that.on the landing of the foree which this larae majority have authorized. it will | and that lecters of marque will be te the t - ‘de proolaim. iesued for privateers, or that they have already antict. pated this action hy agents duly empowered for that purpere, in which care. the new power will have aa of. cient force to operate agaiost the commerce inimicel | to the enterprise, This is gathered from those who pretend to know rometh but, Indord, | have even | nothing Lut the confused action of the government, | that id imdicat fa ihe pa stends ready to bid for the fallen domain, and thus te salve the wounded national honor. Don Juan Garcia Rey has been forgotten here, in the aoutempiation of other prodadi! — of ponsibilities, ‘that may, after ihe one riren somg. instead of a prac- Zz sermon, for extension of civil and religious A Wrote Fase Pororen - We learned, last even- ing, that the jamily of Mr Ward, were potsoned. The famliy consists of nine pereons—vie: Mr Ward, wife, mother and ix others all of whom were under the in- uence of the drug, whatever it may be that they all took dinner together yesterday, at their residence on Elizabeth strert; ® short time afterwards, four ot them were # a wourse cf the afterm tick, Physicians were sent for, nounced the eae potson. lied, wed bad the ex eit Ward, Bis wife They, ap to 5 o'clock la:t eventog lay state, and wer urvive dut till, bop bers of the femil; fort of stupor, Aiqnor, Tow th if or acclventally admet ted bat wpon he pore m came fsa matter of whether it was intent ala onaily | gninary combat had been exhanste uy wi | the globe, mo we helt, lat At ot Dis inventiqa ed json to the CR Jk Ficknes®, at this Reason of the year, has been t fi tofore Lown In that part of the elty.— Cincinnati Commercial, Sept 10. SUNDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER Our London Correspondence. Lonvon, August 31, 1849, The Fall of Hungary—The Causes that led to it—The Defection of Georgey—What will the Republicans of the world do? The serious defection of General Georgey from the eause of the patriots in Hungary, wi ost grateful news to the conspirators, by whom it was brought absit in this capital. It will be received in the United States with that mingled scorn and indignation which is ¢ punishment of foreign treason in that part of the world. Itis astounding and disastrous intelligence.. It arrested the thoughts, thrilled the hearts, and damp- | ed the hopes of the true friends of liberty—whether here collected or elsewhere to be found, as did the treason of Benedict Arnold. in the American revolu- tion, That traitor, three score and ten years ago, was | the vile and detestable instrument of precisely tl same cabal against free institutions, which records a more succeseful effect of its hostility, in the purchase and sale and delivery of the only aristocratic luader of the Hungarian armies. Benedict Arnold was a natural aristocrat, and Gen Georgey has caste as well as in- stinet to put his dishonest fectin the same vulgar path of guilt and treason, He was the weak point of the Hun- garian defence, and the English oligarchy is always keen enough to find out the weak point of its adver- sary. It bas rot, in this case, employed the strength nd éelat of military forces; nor has it sought the light as the epen ally of its friends, the Russians and Aus- trians. Soldiers are not now at its command, and Eng- | land, for want of the martial skill and martial spirit, , fools herself to be the weakest powor in Europe; but she bas wisdom and money enough to make herself the influential adviser of all the allied despots, by whore weapons, well-directed, she is steadily working the destruction of the only foe she fears in all her recesses —republicanism, To make her instrumentality more | efficient, she stealthily sought the embrace of Russia in the dark, and while the latter struck, she aimed the blow as near as possible to the heart of the nuble victim. The oligarchy always saves appearances where it can, and to kill without even being suspected, | is its ekulking device in our times. Thus, the intelil- | gent and virtuous, the young and the sup: id men and women, of these islands, belonging to the liberal i party, are, if not propitiated, at least kept in ignoraace; | while there is hardly e stab to be seen inthe pure | ™! mantle of liberty which has not, whether behtad or in | front, been directed by the band of the government of Great Britain. And still we hear the cheat forever ascerted, and by the mass believed. that that go ment and the small portion of Englishmen by it sented. to the entire exclusion of the popular element, are on the side of progress and free principles—that they and it arc the potent guardians of th the people, to which they give their constant protec- tion— |B ! “Such protection as vultures give to lambs, Cosertug . Seme twenty members of Parliament. including such | fry as Cobden, Dudley Steuart, and Hume. all opposed, | most inveterately to republicanism, and few of them | warm friends of uviversal suffrage, together with tne pilleged and despised democracy of the field and the mill, ery out against the aristocrats; but it is of as much a: oy of poor Addingtcn, when the wild cataract of Niagara swallowed him aud tho child he vainly failed to rave. But observe the wise canning of the real ruling sentiment of England. as it lowe trom the | lips of Lord Palmerston, Austria is receiving the strength of her empire in the etruggle with (lungary It the tails, she is overthrown; if rhe succeeds. her | gent arm is broken by the other members of her furious | the useless waste of life, which | y. and another of the feats of arms, seeming to be sympathy, aad that is yilable against the beastly. unlawful. and | savage intru-ion of the Cossacks of the Cuar, whose ca- only occision and justification of if the ministers meant to dofend the rights of man and of nations. Palmerston was too shrewd not to distinguish between autocrats aod re- ublicans; and he is too not to say honest, 10 do ope thing und ray lis ageate wore ali silently at work in the camps of the enemios of (un. gary, sdvising, concerting with them ; and reaching in every direction for the exposed poi its councils, or in its armies, in ite g ernora, to wheodle, reduc nd devouring thom. } preporterous diplomatic priueiple of the British cabinet. witted, the slullow. the perverse. and the treacherous who do perpetual, but conscious or uvoonscious damage The halt- to republicani«m everywhere, of course, will be silly or bad enough to attribute the treason of Georgey to Au tria and Russia, to necessity - even tolove of coun- try. Butlet no man inthe United States be thas de- ected The trap into which he eatered was set ia Downie street. and it was baited to suit the victous palate of the aristocratic general. with bribes in the thape of money, honors, offices, and estates—all this will come to light in proper time—and | entreat Americans not to lose blorsing, atterly ¢ weleome in London ch betrayer of his own flesh and bloo This treachery of Georgey withheld my hand last week, for there was no knowing its extent or effect It is Only now certain that #ix of bis best regiments of hy reeut their way through the Russians to Dem. 1, and itis supposed that the late ‘Well ae Bem, still keep the 4, Butit ie probable that it is faral. it is@ surrender of o large proportion of the Hungarian armies, and it must demoralize the rest. To what depression they may be reduced is uncertain; bot if, with the prayers and hopes of all good men. they could rise again, and chase away the invader. it would be the crowning event of modern European history. as well ‘as the turning potnt of ite dertioy. | confess | hardly en- tertaim euch expectations. [t would seem that Britieh corruption had seized an cartier anda deeper hold of ed | the vitals of Hungary than any person was prepared to expect For myself, ! knew its touch would be death; bet ite band was not to be put forth in the ordinary courre of ite action. till after the parties to the ean- and Hungary had . The mortal taiot he fairest prospect of Ith, avd strength. and Independen impoverished harvest firlus of bas been s0 often irrigated in vain. here in Hongary rivilege. which responded d which was set against Kossath be wily suggestions of that govern h the latter speaks to three quarter, n France, in 1548 there no such clacs to be encountered by Lawartine, in there was no such class to baile long will men be tn learnt trust euch men for rulers ret almort 150 000 sldi Tan! will the people of Ireland ever disoover that the deseencant of thee kings fe not Git to fight against a hostilecrown’? Will the freemen of Italy ever self-sacrifice their canse Again, to a Prince of Savoy. of any prince of any house whatever? Will the democrats of Huo, ever choose to be betrayed by nobles and aristocrats, aad like enemies of the human race. from bias. toterest, connection, and inclination? Franee. in 1789. eat up the very roots of thir greatert of curses, which curces not oly the very ground, but which withers and de- thore moral and intelieotual conditions which the divine foundation of equal rights 1 did pot call upon the people of the city of New York thrice, in my Inst letter. | hope in vain It is thei: duty to light the on of almost ex. ed freedom, onee Le Dew cirenit of ne! ife, on and. and | knew, also, ow other, the weakness of bawan nn Abb ie mot yet lost, even with the downfell of Hangary and ot Venice; | ited voices of nll races in the most en! ital of the civilized earth. may be yet in time rest froin England all thee trophiew. sare Switrer- | land and France; and, what ix ind!«peneable, com. | menee the foundations here, of a mew Anglo Saxom republic. MARUUS. Our German Correspondenee, Beniin, August 28.1849, The Expost Relative to the German Union The Probable Abandonment of the Scheme by Prussia The Suprema. cy of Russia, @¢ . e. ‘The diplomatic correspondence relating to the nogo- tations between Prassia and the diferent German pow on the “anion question,” ha» been produced in the chambers by the ministry, together with an er. posé cl@@e latter, in which the potiey and position of the g@ernment in regard to that question. are « the speeches, which were held on their production by the wnder-reeretary of State, We. Von Bulow im the | course it had pursued, uptil the ber. and the royal commissioner, Mr Vou in the lower house, are the eames. already din provions letters The majority of the mioor ry of Germany. bave aitcady either formally join. +d the Praccian league, of tignified their Intention te doro. Bavaria, Wirtemburg, and several of the small- er principalities, however, as yet, have retused to come into the union. The negotiations between Prussia and Austria, have not yet led to anyresult, This in afew words, is the substance of the whole diplomatic corres. pondenee. and of the official doouments and speeches: The exposition, however, of the views of the Prussian cabinet and the indications given in respect to its tu- ture policy, may be regarded at the present montent as of the greatest importance. The unhappy issue of the Hungarian war, which has materially altered the posi- tion of Prussia in Germany, as it will enable Austria to take a more decided part in the affairs of the latter has Ukewise serenetptacenls enter fe © government, though it is resolved to continue i behalf of the “unity of Germany,” wi last. is conscious that it may, ‘theless, prov impoesibilii ise that ty for the present. to rot. tol , Unless the adhesion of all the es to the Union proposod by Prussia, is au uacon. ditional one, the government of his Majesty will bold the establishment of the Union to be incompatible with the interests of Prussia, The sacridee of the indepen. dence of the latter for the headship of @ Union. which is not founded ou @ durable oasis, would be justly con- sidered too great. Prussia, as @ power of the first rank in Europe. could not give up its position, unless con- vinced that the confederation about to be formed, is desired by all the States, and would reewive their boar ty support, These are the arguments contained in the Speeches that have just been delivered in the cham- bers in the name of the government! [he conclusion, we should draw from them, together with the other dences, and the fact that Aus- tria and Russia have since urged fresh remon- etrapoes: inet Prusrian | yernm ject of vents have unexpectedly tak ary. In the speeches alluded to, the probabil plaioly stated, that the government will ba up the plan ofaunion = ‘1 nic Confuderation is the several States within thatfoontederation premacy of Prussia in Germany, under the preset cumstances, has become impossible With the surren- der of Georgey, at Vilagos, the sceptre of an empire was epatehed from the King of Prussia Germany, cannot be governed by russia alone. bat together wit! Austria and Rusia ‘The sovereignty of Prussia over pert of the minor powers of Germany, however, which is already de facto established, will probably remain, 8s it is well known that it has long ag» been decideu by Russia. and the other powers that form the so called jely Alliance, for the restoration of absolute govera- ment in Europe. that the number of those States of Ger- wy, which are too weak to resist the revulutionary movements. must be decreased. The share of the spulis that will be ap joued to Prussia will still be great. The motion brought forward by Mr. Camphansen, ia per cbember. that the provision of the Prussisa ution, which enacts that the kiag be em- d to make all alterations of the la: ren- necessary by the establishment of a fu- ture constitution of Germany, should apply to the federal constitution issued by Prusvia, Saxony and was adopted yesterday by @ great majority, had, in the evurse of the debate expross- ed. that though the adoption of t & recoguition of the fed tution, would. in the present state of thin, longer be of any support to the policy government, it should, nevertheless, regard it as @ voto of confidence fur the present followed im relation to the ‘union qxestiou.”’ ‘The various expianativns which have been gt Terpeeting the surrender of the Hunga: nm army, have HOt yet placed this extraordinary eveut in a clear Hight All that is known as certain in regard to it is, that the situation ef General Georgey, previous to the turrender, had become desperate, For the purpose, doubtless of preventing the destruction of his army, which would bave been inevitable, aud obteiuing con- cessions for Hupgary. he could not have gained other- wire he had entered into negotiations with Russie. ‘The complete rupture, however. betwoen Gosrgey and the other Hungarian leaders, which bad taken place before these events bi give eredit te the report, that these ations were commenced much eariler than it is lly supposed Georgey, it is weli known. was the head of that party in Han- gary. which. though opposed to the revelutiod, had taken part in the war for the purpove That inde independence from Austr now stated. bas been teed to Hungary by Rus- gained by the jatter, , a, this . that the power of Austria that of Russia is strength. ened by means of the alliance with Hungary. Tho artful and cunning policy of Mussia waich has, doubtiess, not undertaken the inte jon in Hungary would thus be in- demuified for the expenses of the war, by the estab’ ment of # permanent influence over Austria aad West- ern Europe. It is reported, that on the receipt of the intelligence of the events that had taken place in [lun- £2) And of the negotiations bot « Jeorgey wnd the urian commender, Prince Paskiewiteh, great con- sternation prevailed in the Austrian cabloet It ix likewise stated that Georgey had ben received aod treated in the Rursian camp with the greatest possible distinction. According to the latest neeounts from Hungary, the fortress of Comorn, tu whieh considera. of Hungarians were conceotrated, hal ly all the important positio ndered to the import t martial principal leaders in il going on. The ble fore surrection, av amnest realized. and execu Accounts from Rasta: , , four toldiers, who hed formerly served in the Pussian army and taken part im the revolutionary coufliet, were seu- tenced to be exeeuted on the same day. To day. being the anniversary of the birth-day of seb thy man Shakspeare, a #0, fire the light of the world, fostivit celebration of the memory of the gre arranged everywhere throug! midst of all political exotte ul my Lave not been forgotten! fm this eity, « honor of the immortal poct, was given, of genius banquet ia The English View of the Cuban Expedition, From the London Standard, Aug 41.) Times. founded upon Pre- Anarticle of this morning sident Taylor's proclamation, seems to admit the pos pepo | that the slave States of the South are prepared to e@ private war upon Cuba fur the purpose of avgmenting the slave-hoiding interest in the Union. ‘The entertaining of euch a design i# the reverse of lu- prebable, and under ® republican form of government BO eXiravagance can be prononneed imposible. The efiect of Aveipation act of 1659, which, if it had 1y followed up by measures of full probably pefore this extinguishd mong al the elvilised nations of the earth, our free trade measures to prodace opposite The fate of the Brici-h slaves, and utter ruin if they emancipate the project as the seizure of Cuba to o jae the use of pe prise There con be no doubt that the soe bes am & fatal ae: nearly two ceuturies; that i, while cation laws were in force. the Statet could not hope to retein the irland in permanent occupation without the con- rent of this country. and in thet way, it would be o con-tant curb vpom them for at thi nt between the nations, Cuba must full into bande and thus all the southern ports of the a be sealed up. The passing of Cubs to Brit however, would be, paradoateal as it may teem, ratber favorable than to the #peoial in- terests of the rlave trade is be relieved from » for- iu enuring the Southern Staten to th more tenacity than ver. by the way, wo reo that Father Mathew, whe has visited the New World with the tw purpose Preaching temperance and relieving himself from the degrading burthen of the pension eunferted upou bim by his Queen. in preparing fur aa exeucrion fate the pinve Staten an prone ui ‘1h by way of preparation har w way (pinion aofarorabie to slavery. lave owners, who indeed are the mili owners of | the New World, it is nid, know how to be very liberi Upen ocoasion, deven if they cowld not make the reveread father's exenrrion more agreeable by their Iberaliry, ight render it less satisfactory by intrusion of stew of the ministers of Lynch law, India, In India, the Dewan Moviraj has been pronounced qutlty of the murder of Messrs, Agnew and Anderson. ne 5 ery Get warlike | re of +inve produce would, by the emanct- | i. fa © Our Southern Correspondence. Greenvitte, S. C., August 24, 1848. The Court House Towns of the Sowth—Southern Plantersand Northern Farmers—Negrocs at the North and South, §c., &c., $e. I have devoted a letter to the locale of this charming up country village, which must answer for all the court house places I visited and shall visit m this section, These court house towns are the depots of the districts. Some of the large planters reside in them, but the greater portion live on their plantations out im the couatry, and come in for their supplies. The town contains the usual quantity of store keepers, physicians, clergymen lawyers, mechanics, hotel keepers, &c. The Hon. Joel R. Poinsett has a country seat three miles trom place, where he spends his sum- mers. He has a rice plantation in the low country. He is now a very aged man, and absent in the mountai) General Waddy Thompson is a na- tive of this place, and has one of the most charm. ing residences I have visited. The grounds about his mansion are laid out with great taste, and a fine English lawn extends trom the house to the road, I suppose the General to be the leading wlhug in the State. He has retired from politica life, and his attention has been turned to his pro. fession (the law) and the perneenting ot Mexican claims before the Commission at Washington. He has a plantation, and owns about 100 negroes. I bave now been in the South over three moaths, and having had excellent opportunities of seeing Southern fife with my own eyes, I feel justified in mane you my impressions in regard to it. It is difficult to make a comparison between the plante ot the South and the farmers of the free States but were I to do so, it would be decidedly in favor of the Southern planters. ‘The farms of the North do not generally exceed 150 to 200 acres of land. The farmer has one or two hired men, but rarely employs more than himself and male members of his fumaily on his farm, which is worth, with his stock and residence, some $8,000 or $10,000. If he is industrious and works hard himself, his income renders him independent—he is able to educate his children, to give them a helping hand whea they settle in lite, and make a small division amoug them when ‘he dies. But he is unable to have any of the luxuries of life. He can’t sport an expensive carriage and horses, give dinners, or travel. Work, work, work, 18 his daily watchword. Igive above, a fair — of the great mass of the farmers of the free tater, more particularly those of New England, New York, and Peansytvama. ‘They are good staunch citizens; attend the church re- sen, read the newspapers; vote oa election jay; have received a district school education, and give the same to their children. ‘The farmer has « comfortable dwelling house—plainly furnish- barn, cow-house, and a cider mill. He tes twenty acres of meadow, plants twenty z of com, sows fifteen of oats, twenty-five with wheat or rye, two acres of flax, two acres of potatoes, turnips, &c. He has fifty acres of woodland, and the rest of his farm in swamps, rocks, and pasture land; a good garden of an were, where he produces all the vegetables he requires. He has afew acres of orchard, for apples, peaches, pears, Xc.; a couple of horses, two yoke of oxen, six cows, fifty sheep, afew dozen of poultry, twenty hogs, compose his live stock. He tlls his own land, assisted by his sons, rhape, a hired man in summer. The women . the cows, muke the butter and cheese, do the spinning, an ulate the household mat- ters. At the close ot the year, whea the rye or wheat, and the produce, has all been sold, our farmer finds himselt a year older than when the pow commenced— he and his have lived very well, ave been comfortably clothed, and he has $200 or $200 laid up, to supply, perhaps the deficiency that bad luck on his farm will require the next ear. 4 1 now will draw a preture of a Southern farmer of the middling class, who ranks in his section in preacaion to the large planter, as the farmer | in the North to the large farmer there, He owns 1.000 acres of land (400 in cultivation) worth $15 per acre. aes sesees Sixty slaves at $300, average each, old and Twenty hore Fifty bead © One bundred hog: | Carriage, wagons, Implements, tools, &e.. . . Expenses on Plantation Three hundred yards baguing for cotton, at | — 20 conts per yard (5 to « baie). sees $60 00 Eight hundred ibs rope... 54 00 | ‘Taxes on sixty slaves. at 70 cents. tees 4500 ‘Taxes on iand. . sees 2 00 Overseer's wages. .... . ees 500 00 Mi dieal attendance, $1 25 per bead 75 00 Farming utensils pur Fifty Hatt annually... .. . Bil) of cotton and woollen cloth: Fifty comforters, or bianket Firtyfy: h carpets, New York price T for lefants. ..... 5 3 2 Christnins prevent in lieu of negro oa) ‘Two bundeed gallons molases, . One keg toBMOCO.. . vee ee eee sess Income Income of #0 bales of cotton wt $26 per bale Five thousand bushels corn, at G00. Less cash expenses. . 450 00 The family draw ‘They have every the pla T have only then the two principal product of the plantation—nee, potatoes, and all vegetables and ¢ raised on it tor he me consumption. Rye, wheat, and oats, are not estimated. There is a large income from other sources, as cattle, horses, hous, &e , which are raed and supported on the produce of the estate. The cotton seed is worth ve cents, if it were sold. There is also a yearly increuse of full five per cent on the negroe din fiiteen years these negroes would nave a ‘han doubled ; instead of sixty, there would be one hun- dred ond twenty-five, being increase of value in this respect, of $22,850, a fortune of itself. | timate four bundred acres of land in cultivation gives over $3,000 for income. their support from the farm. If I deduct from this six hundred not so, it re- duces the capital on the plantation bet TOU, ec ccersesecssee ces eee cree « G0, 00 I do not think there is any investment which pro- duces #0 much lite of # Sourhe Southern agriculture ; and the planter is the nearest approach | to earthly paradise. Ile has nothing todo bat to be happy Vimeelt, d muke those nappy about him. In the above statement I underrate the real result. 1 am now speaking of the farmers in the upland dietricts of thie State. A merchant, or manufac- turer, would count to a fraction the net income de- | rived from his business, without allasion to his fanily expenses. These are necessarily fur- nished to the planter, them. Thirty thousand doflars invested in bank stock, if it paid six per cent, would be $1,800, the pee ager expenses would eat at up, perhaps, while on plai any prudence, must get nich. Hie income trom his cotton furnishes him with funds for extraordinary expenses, or to crease his stock of negroes or . He can give the best collegiate edueation to pw children. He has leiware to improve his mind, end enjoy himself in_ travelling, and spending bos, income. I am satisfied that the great wealth of Senthern planters is al) moonshine. The comes are large—they hive bke fighting cocks tw causes whieh Lhave explaime ah on ro New York ~ the tr dis when they come to the epri who, they g leave deiving themselves, ell out for their $50,000 sad $50,000, and come South, could increase their substance aud income, and be ily Independent—have their carrmges and four +h, if they hhed, end the means of living the of independent genilemen, But, to do this, ) would be ebliyed to come inw the negro ar- atment. Lhave seen these slaves under all cir d the life of a New York negro, of a tree pegre aaypwhere North, when compared with the he of the wr, bemghted slave, is beil_ versus heaven. Juwning, the oysternan fer Wail street brokers; Chatters, the barber, 1 Seu street, Opposite your ofhee—or Dandy Cox, the clothes cleaner= who are, 1 . the nc b Degrees of your city—could not begin to shine pgeice of some of these South Carvhina negroes. hy would n't look at ‘rm, Of aasectate w them, What! they, the fullbleoded negroes of lite | as my letter is already too long. | descriptions that appear in the Herald, dated at ave described, who are the most numerous class | the South—some of them in whose veins flows the blood of African kings, who can trace their pedi- €rce back bevoed the revolunon, who have held igh household appointments in the old houses of the South—be seen tulking toa free codfish negro of the North, who can’t trace his descentfurther back than a graudfather, and he, perhaps, a mere white-washer! Such an idea would be absurd to their minds. 1am writing you seriously. But [ spoke of a class of the household servants, who have lived in families all of their lite, and their an- cestors before them. The coachmen are of this class. There are no loafer-slaves—no vagrant: among them ; and I would not insult the field-hands of this State by comparing them with the rag, tag, and bob-tail negroes that you fiad loafiag about New York. Compare them [ may, in one respect, with the honest negro laborer who hires ont by the day, or the mouth, as a servant. In agley intelligence, they are about their equals ; mt so far as actual condition is concerned, they are far superior. The condition of the free negro, under these circumstances, is at best ransient and unstable. If he has a tamily, he must be separated from them, in most cases. It is not so in this section. He has his own com- fortable home, and his family with him ; his chil- dren grow up xround him; his tasks are easy; Sunday 18 bis own day; he has his own garden, his cotton patch, his dogs, and time to use them. He is a part of the pluntauon. He has but one evil to dread, in this world, which 1s: that misfor- tunes may visit his master and the plantation. If that should have to be sold, it affects him worse than it does his master ; far the social feelings and sympathies of the bluck are keen—his loeul at- tachments nre stronger than those of the white. This he would regard as the greatest eur: Ties that bind him to that plantati aS ion — friends that have clustered around him from his care- Jess childhood—associations he loves better than life—have to be sundered. The plantation has to be sold—the family have to break up and separate, It 18 a sad story for the poor fahow 3 and could many northern friends of mine amoas the tree soilers or aboliuonists, see what I have seen, and looked forward to the unheard of misery, the pandemonium which sheir misguided zeal, if their design could be cutried into effect, would bring upon these thousands of happy ne- groes, who now know neither want nor care— their work is easy—they eut whatever the planta- tion produces, and they have money to buy other livle delicacies which it does not. When the work of the day is done, none so happy as they; thew music echoes over the farm, reaching to the man- sion of their master, and when the dance 1s over, fea lay down in peace, free from care in their own beds and houses. If they are sick, no child of the master is more cared for—aud, when old age comes, it is without dread, for they know they have a home for life, and kind care is assured to them, until, from old age they drop into the grave— could they see all this, (and they could, if they would make the effort, and come where slavery Loa they would sooner cut off their right hand, or pull out their tongues, than write or speak aguinst an institation, which, if in name is an evil, is in reality a blessing, and « good to the dark race from Africa. The plantation of a master who owns slaves 18 a model government. The master unites im himself, the executive, legielative and judicial powers. He makes laws for his plantation, and sees them executed. Asa magistrate he punish and I will venture to say, that if the statist f each plantation in this State were examiaed or known, they would be found far more lenient than those of your Tombs’ mugistrates towards colored offenders, for similar offences. But I must close, Nogrurneg. Citex Serine, Greewvitie District, August 27, 1849. The Chick Sprng—Southern Watering Place The Rice Plantations—Laving among the Rice Ficlds—Prices of Provisvons—The Wilmot Pro- viso--The Union—Trade of the Country—The Tariff—The Feelings of the South, &c., c. I, too, am writing from ‘a fashionable watering place,” but I shan’t attempt to imitate the glowing Saratoga. They don’t do things in that way in the South. Upon my soul, I believe the Southern | safely say, that the Chicks do all they promise, and who does not estimate | planters visit their watering places for the real purposes of health, quiet, and enjoyment. 1 can more ; but of that’ hereafter. I have been here two days. There is nota more healthy region in the world. The main hotel is located on a hill, from whence the prospect is unequalled. From my window, I can look upon the Saluda Moun- tains, some twenty-five miles distant, Table Reck, &e. There isa street extending half a mile from the hotel, in « northerly direction. It has the ap- | peerance of a small village, for it is lined oa both sides with cottages, mostly of the log cabin order, ond they are really very airy and comfortable in warm weather. There are, perhaps, thirty or more of theee picturesque cottages, of all sizes and styles, suituble to a small or large family. These cotteges are a feature of this spring. You can | hire them for the season for fifteen to twenty-five | dollars each, and do your own cooking and other matters. ‘The Chicks owa the whole arrangement. The hotel willwccommodate about one hundred and fifty pone comfortably, There are that num. | bor of viviters here, at present, including some of | the very first people in the State. ‘The spring itself isin atavine, through which runs what they eall, out here, a “branch” —the sume that we would call, in the Nort very little “brook.” Near this brook, im @ grove, is the » I find it to be | very excellent water. Ido not perceive in it any teut diflerence from other spring water, though it acquired a considerable notoriety tor its medi- | cinal virtues, and is suid to be slightly charged withralts of lime. Persons here, who are aflected with liver complaints, and trouble in the kidneys, derive immense benefit from drinking the waters— to they tell me. Having no trouble in my interior ongements, I cannot speak from experience; and shall leave here to-morrow. « ‘The old: 0 chicken, but one of the most sensible men I have met with. i the South Carolina Legislature. — epring, isa a at the sides, with a roof, apd benches ranged round the enclosure. Lere is the place for the morning lounge and for the eve- ning dance. When the young ladies are scarce, the young men manage to oceupy the fiddles for wht they call a stog dance. ere. was & pic nic held beve a few days before I arrived. drew to- ther the young people from a circle of 15 miles hese pic nics are a source of great pleasure, and | are extremely popular; and being got up where there are quantines of provisions, there are edibles enough brought to feed a regiment for a mouth In New k, fashionable le epripgs to money, be staredut, talked aT names in the newspapers. to the about, wt this nt for a infringe their quiet customs. The planters in the low country of this State, ularly the rice planters, cannet live on their plantations in the | summer seacon. It is certain death for a whi individual to sleep ona rice plantation. They are, therefore, to remove and go somewhere. Many go to the North, but the larger portion visit the upper sections, or the mountain regions of this si Georgia, and North Carolina; some go to Tcannet conceive of any —— it mple, economieal, retired, and fat that of a family hiring one of these cot t hfe for a few months. y ty splendor is ——. the va- riety @elightful. It is a modest school for fash- 1enable young damsels to learn the arts and teries of becoming good housewives, and wi Pe very little money people can get along and uve nice. I have fancied to myself that it would be « bleseing if a codfish family of your city could come and try it one season. Houre rent. $20 Furniture. ..100 more (whieh could be sold fee three- fourths of cost. 0 and to gett region, they go to the yery diflerent purpose, $ or about $50, or, at most, $80 A femily could live here six months, and have more real enjoy ment a than can be found at be surrounded with less mixed society, fetetogss have their own cows and milk, and make their own batter and eheese. I will just give you seme ides of the prices of Visions in this region, re- marking that vegetables can be had im any quao- uty by merely asaing forthem bigs are dc. a dozen, poultry Gs. a duzen, geese Be, butter Ge. conte « Be, sheep Zl, a cow shut stork cattle, on a t= me worth $8 to $ 1d per head © comversed freely h the tlemen I bave met here, on the great subject of interest— the courre that wal be pursued by the North on the proviee queation, There is bat one feeling. Thete is vrivereal dissatisfaction at what is called THE NEW YORK HERALD. TWO CENTS. lation at Washington, Comf- North seems to eed The them, in other words, the pro- mnent men of thie State, only speak forth the feelings of the mass of the population. They don’t make public opinion here. They may possibly contribute to direct it when it, dora exist, iato oer- tain channels, or to a certain mode of action, but they cannot do more. Small planters, and compa- ratively poor white men, who are never heard of outside of their own district, have talked to me im actyle and with an earnestness and sincerity that convinced me they knew what they were talking about, Saysone map, ‘Mister, I'd like you te tell me what we people of the South get by belong- ing to this Union? Pett mea sinyle advantage t If we, by hard work, get a dollar ahead, yon draw it all out of us, and we are plundered; and doa’t geta cent back. The government spend eve mag they collect somewhere else; they don’t speni none ou ithere. The slave States pay half the Tevepue in reality. If your northern custom houses do show a bigger sum colleeted, it’s owing to the crooked course of trade. If we was sepa- our immense agricultural pro- bacco, rice, and sugar, direct and received the returns back to our own ports, where in the hell would be all your immense amounts of duties, which you sa} are received in your northera eastem houses? [et ain’tso. The expenses of the general government will be $36,000,000, and the South pays more than one-half ot this sum from her own labor; and where does it go? ‘To feed a damned unprincipled set of luzy office holders atthe North, and spent in aj propriations for the free States. Tae South don't et back two millions of it in any shape whatever. hirty-four milhons are squandered on the free States. Muster, do yeu see them two fields over yonder, on the side of that hill! You see they are pretty much alike, don’t ye? Now, suppose God Almighty was to take the dew and moisture col- lected from both them fields, and only shower it back on one of ’em? Why, one on ’em would get to be a parched, dried up, sterile, old field, not worth a cuss, while the other would grow fat, ani be rich loam land, and that’s just what the North and South are comin’ to be. “Now, take this here district of Greenville, aud the next district of Spar- tanburg, and just suppose that they are equal 80 far as to pay each $1,000 taxes to support the ate government. That is $2,000, aint i1? Now suppose the State government to turn rouad, and expend their two thousand in improving Greea- ville district, and not give Spartanburg a cent, Why, the people of Greenville wauld grow rich flourich, and the population of Spartanburg would become poor, and barely able to exist, and to save themselves would put out of Spartanbt into Greenville; and so, in like manner, Southern States may drag along—literally e: up and plundered, by unequal legislation of the Union, or have to move to another partion of it. Thot matter has got to be set mght, or every Southern State that knows anything will cut loose from the Union, and resume her own soverei 4 again, or start a Southera union. This ones: business can’t, last much louger. To hive a healthy state of the body, the blood must flow from top to toe—if it don’t, x part gets paralyzed. To have a healthy Union, the revenue collected must be dispensed through all the system from whence it is derived, Governments are no longer needed to protect life alone; they must protect property, and not plunder it. What greater robbery. c there be than for the majority, because they ha got the power, to enact laws which rob one sec- tion to give spoils to another? What do you think , of a dog who, when employed to protect and guard a flock of thirty sheep, would tura ia among them, and eat up fifteen? It ain’tany worse thin what the Union is doing. ‘The constitution 18 no loager @ rafeguard, it’s a dead letter—the majority in Congress cun read itany way, aed they read it now 80 as to worry the Southern States out of an inde- pendent existence, and to give them a slew dea afterwards. The West, however, are patting The oned chalice to the lips of the plump Eustera and middle States in good style. New England put the system to the South—drained us to Kop 7 themselves, by manufactures and the tariff. The West will now drain them with her interaal ua- provements. These States ere crammed, they dou't want any internal improvements, and the Westdoes. Fifty millions per annum can be ab- sorbed in the great West for the next century, im internal improvements. The West has only to vote them. The South can vote so as to give her the power. The West don’t contribute revenue, but New England and New York do. Letitbe spent in the West, to build up that sectioa—the have only to vote it, and they have, and wil have, the majority and the power, and draim the life blood ot New England and those States in that monner. Will they stand itt Wait and see. No, inten years they will yell worse than the South did’ on the tarfh,” and eo out in earnest against a violation ef tye spirit of the constitution, and if that wont answer, | they will be the first to ery out for a separation. Here we have had a most ungodly and uajast war with Mexico, to robher of territory, and fetch home another big le of discord. What did the South lo, when gress backed the President, and lunged us all into a muss? Did ahe back dowa ¥ No, she stood up to the rack, and put it throngh— sending more men,and leaving more dead in Mexi- co, then all the other States. Does the gain any- thing by a wart Nothing bat increased taxes. The North have the supplying of contracts, &e., and does gain some, and loses some. But the “ing everything in a war. She has noth lose. Invasion cannot reach her, and the State the West find a market for everything they pro- duce, from pigs to men; Un dance of provisions, and brings forward aclass of men Who possess no claune to distinction but vul- garity and brutal courage, and makes generale and presidents of men who, in pence, would re- main in eternal obscurity, not having an iota of | any quality that would raive them from it. The idea, that if we of the South are forced to separate from the States, we could be forced back again, is all nonsense. What, ewht milhons of South- erners to become, in ft ved of our rights, and forced to subs aff! Pass the Wilmot Proviso, Spring us of our rights in the territories, and we will show you whet stuff the South are made of. We are men. We showed it in the | Revolution, and we showed that we had not de- 5 wpe since on the battle-fieldsof Mexico, God in heaven forbid, that we are forced by our North- ern brethren to show it in a bloody fight with them. But if they force it on us, it must come, We oe against wrong and oppression in the war of 1 we may have to fight against the same or worse causes of war in 1850.” NorTiERngr. A Tarver From tar Frontoa Ivoiave —The Tellahas- see (Fla) Sentinel, of the 4th inet.. pabsishos the fol- lowing despatch from Majer Morris to the Adjutens General of the Army :>— ‘ont Baooxr. (E. F.) Aug. 20, 1849. bite , made of fea! with the symbole Bowlege. bead chief of the inoles. tobacco, with @ string of white beads, was found yoo terday, 1fth inst. fastened tothe door of schn Philippee Sir: A ued enel ain will hi x werd" ia to he aplinty relted tom hare sy . some information in regard to feelings tion will be gained. Upon the receipt of this }, | determined to coun- termand the for the to move into the country for the of the nettiements, as they ry Protection might tend to alarm the Indians, endanger 'y Of Capt Casey, whe will, in a very short time be able to ascertain whether this flag was placed at the Major U8. Maj. Gen. R Jowes, Adj’t Gen. U. 8. Wasbington City. Lei Dg arsbai's offlee, y: bad tendered a Paccorten Bey W. H. Barnes, No, 5 Un! vas deteined at the store, Constable C) paired to the spot, and om inte the you man. wae informed that the coun it hed reevived by him from Dr Dow, No. 13 Wilson's The young man (whose name, was given as Jost 9. selyu) was conducted tothe Marshal's office, and Weft mm oust Offlcers then proseeded office of Dr , alias Young, alias Joasely: they approached near the door, « sallied Uy requested by officer ( the vame of RS 3 . he put bis hands into Hy ; iE Be i Hf H 5” day On 35,