The New York Herald Newspaper, March 12, 1849, Page 2

Propaganda’ activity of the “Danish im North Schleswig. Danish cunisseries — said to be exci e peasantry to revolt. © provision al qoverament id catablished a land blockade ot the island of Alsen. i almost superseded in the capital ey tee torrie ‘of the last night of the carnival. Croatia. The Zeitwngehalle has letters from Gratz, stating that the city of Agram, the capital of Croatia, has lately been declared to be in a state of siege. | since disaffection is spreading among the Croats, bsnl led annexation of their country to Austria. They commenced their war against Hungary for the sake of their national independence, and that independence being en- of the Austrian cabinet, Emperor, and are ready to wlees Jellachich makes com- protest against the inte: dangered by the turn again: oppose their B: mon cause with them. The Duchies. We have received our Hambu ce to the 11th inst. papers and cor dy, teesetening the refractory with punishment, 1c ‘armistice, and as Germany seems tired of the w the general impression is that the Schleswig-H i will carry it on their own account, whe hast, Advices have been received here, from Con- stantmople, to the 4th, and Athens to the 7th inst. The Jowrnal de Constantinople, of the 4th, saya :— affairs of eume, & gfeat activity bas reigned in the. Dives for come days past. The meetings of the members of the pce of the ihe Bree jt In conseq ‘the Moldavian- Wallachiew prin Ottomam cabinet are more Sentatives of the greut powers, receive, trom this state Of things, an unaccustomed movement. game journal says :— It results from letters received at Constan' the last mail from Bucharest, that arrests 001 be effected im the principality of Wallac SS letters stato, take place at nig! ror is order of the day at Bucharest. suspected «f not being well with the party of the ol Boyards, tremble for same communications declare Commissioner of the Porte, Fraed Effendi, and of the ‘Calmacam Prince Constantine Cantacuzne The accounts trom Athens are not important. ‘On the occasion of the King’s birthday, promo- tions in the army and other favors had been distri- ‘buted to the couruers; and a full amnesty had been ranted to General Grivas, who, it willbe remem- red, was implicated in an insurrection of 1847. The Jowrnal des Lébuts gives the tollowing trom a Constantinople letter, dated the 25th of January: By the last Englich packet, Sir Stratfurd Canning szeoeived some very energetic and explicit instructions from Lord Palmerston, which appear to have been vwritten after an animated conversation bet} 5 lordebip and M. Brunow. England complat aly of the conduct oft Russian the trincipaltict of the Yiolation of the residence o: ths \ommandant of the Turkieh troops, in order to seizs a person who had placed himerit voder the protvotion of that functiona- Fy; end, abeve all, of the ill-treatment which an Eng- subject had received from the Russian authorities. England is astovished at the prolonged absence of the Russians in the principalities, and offers to the Porte ‘the aid of England in obliging them to withdraw. ‘ ation has created o lively sensation here. opos that Russia had just, for the mal propositions to the Porte for treaty, repeating in some of its ‘Skelersi, of disastrous je with the Port In order to » fermenting in the Danubia: prinoipaiities, the coustitucion of these ‘was to be modified, after being suspended for sev. years. During the interval of these seven years, the Hospodar was not to be replaced, Rusma was to ua- dertate the police, and maintain order in concert with the Porte, and at the end of the seven years the two Powers were to agree together as§co the futare fate of the provinees. M Titow has just received from his eourt very pressing instructions for treating with the Yorte upon there bares; and already communicati on the sutject bave parced between the Russian minis- terand the Divan This danger, however, is huppily averted by the new attitude assumed by England. A decree of the Da- mish Board of Admuralty orders the persons draft- ed for naval service to join the force without de- ish press is busy with the question of the their liberty and their fortune. st these acts are effected independently of the will and authority of the box. At one time it is said that the jury were nearly unanimous for an entire acquittal; but afterwards that opinion so fluctuated and shifted, that the number ultamately came to stand thus:— eightfor a conviction on all the counts; three for an acquitted on the first, third, and fourth counts, and a conviction on the second count only. Ulti- mately, one only stood out for aa entire acquittal. For the present the case is over, and another batle must be fought in the beginning of April, when | Mr. Duffy will be onee more placed in the dock. Meanume the court refuses bail, and he 1s still a cloge prizoner in Newgate. The move of the government on the Insh poor- Jaw question is likely to excite am t formidable opposition in the North. Already «1. tocsin has hevw oonaitesy fares there will no do..t bean ex- pression of public opinion against t — proposal of the Prime Minister te co: ee the people ot Ulster to prone for the wants and necessities of Munster and Connaught, whieh will astonieh ine lite lord and his ‘ family government.” The writs of error in the case of Smiti O’Brien, McManus and OU’Donohoe, have re ched the House ct Lords, and if reports be true, it 18 said at a favorable issue to the prisoners will be the result. The arguments in the case will aot come on before Egster. The crown will be represented by the attorney aud solicitor general ot Kogland, and the Irieh attorney and solicitor general. The prisoners’ counsel are Sir T. Theriger, Mr. Na- pier, wud Sir Coleman O’Loghlen. ‘The British Parliament. _In the House oi Commons, last night, in Par- liament matters, there was not anything of im- portance, worth transmitt'ng by telegrapn, except that the House agreed to the oaths bill, by which Jews will be enabied to sit in that assembly. The Latest Market Report. Panis, Friday, Feb 23,1849, Commeroia) affairs look weil; there continues ¢ activity on the Bourse. and the baok returns again Present a favorable spprarance, which exhibits an in- creared balance in the government acount, and dimi- nution of protested bils. Every description of secu- rity was looking better. Hayne Cortom Manxet, Feb, 22, 1840. The cotton market continues steady; and as the market is rather bare of stoek, prices are very firm, with am upward tendenoy, Liverroot. Conn Manxet, Feb. 24, 1849. Market very dull; nothing doing, and prices nominal. Amenican Stocus. Loxvos, Feb. There is some enquiry for America: morning, purticularly United States 6's; t , tor Penn- rylvania fives; 75 was flered for a parcel of the latter, tye aee taken. The market for these securities is ealtby, Lonpon Moxy Mauer, Feb. 24—A.M ‘The market opened this morning heavy. No trans actions of conrequence had taken place on the dus- patch of ovr telegraphic communications. The fueling 18 that the quotations both for meney and account, will be those reported yesierday, Mancuestax Market. Feb. 24-11 A M. The market for goods snd yarns possesses no new feature, and there is also less activity in raw cotton, censumers looking for lewer quotations Seme large orders for India were announced on ’Change this morning. Livexroon Cotrox Manxet, Feb 24, 1849. Our cotton market opened this morning with a steady feeling, with prices steady, with the appearance of their mainteining the quotations of yesterday. The sales will probably reach 6,000 bales. Shipping Intelligence. Hayne Feb 22—arr Lebanon, trom NOrleang Sarah Boyd, Savannah, Marine Affairs. Thx Monster Pacuxt Suir Constevation.—The Jaunching of the immense ship Constellation, from the Sard of Meesrs, Westervelt and Mackay, foot of Seventh street, afforded the numerous connoisseurs of our m cantile community an opportunity of witnessing an exhibition similar to that ef which we gave our readers an account, afew weeks since, at the launching of the monster steamships Atlantio Pacific. ‘The Constellation bas been built by Messrs. Wester- veltand Mackay, for Robert Kermit’s line of New York -Esparation To Caivornia.—Tur Latrer-Day ‘Rainrs —On Tuesday last, Swansea was quite en- livened in consequence of the arrival of several ‘wagons loaded with luggage, attended by soine ‘scores of the “ sold peasantry” of Carmarthen- shire, and almost an equal number of the inhabi- ‘tants of Merthyr, and the surrounding districts, together with Ae ir families. The formidable party were nearly ail ** Latter-day Sainte,” and came to ‘this town for the purpose of proceeding to Liver- pool in the Troubadour steamer, where a ship is in readiness to transport them next week to the glit- zering regions of California This gocdly cum- ny 18 under the command of a popular saint, nown as Capt Dan Jones, a_hardy traveller, am a brother of the well known Joho Jones, Liangol- Jen, the able disputant on the subject of ** Baptism.” He arrived in the town on Tuesday evening, and seems to enjoy the respect and conficence of his fai htul band. Amongst the group were many eub- stantial farmers from the neighburhoods of Brechfa and Lianybyder, Carmarthenshire ; and altnough they were well todo, they disposed of their pos- gessions to get tofCalitornia, their New Jerusalem, asthey deem it, where their fanaticism teaches them to believe they will escape from the general destruction and corflagration that is shortly to en- velope this earth. [iis their intention, we are in- dormed, not to vieitthe gold regions, but the agri- cultural districts, Where they intend, they say, by helping (ne another, to reside in peace and harmo- ny, and to exemplify the truth of “brotherly love, not in name butin practice. Amongst the number who came here, were several aged men, varying from 7@ to 90 years of age, and “ whose hoary docks” not only proclaim their “lengthened years,” but to render it very improbable they will live to see America; yetso deluded are the poor and sim- w le saints, that they believe that every one amongst ahem, however infirm and old they may be, will as eurely land in California sately, as they started trom Wales. Their faith1s most extraordinary. On Wedureday morning, after being addressed by their leader, all repaired on bourd, inadmurable or- der, and with extraordinary resignation. Their departure was witnessed by hundreds of specta- tors, and whilst the steamer gaily passed down ioe giver, the Saints commenced singing a favorite dymn. On entering the piers, however, they ab- ruptly stopped stuging, and Instily responded to the cheering with which they were greeted (by the in- fabitants.—Cambrian | Markets, Panis Bounse, Feb. 22--The Bourse was animated ¢o day, ands more than uraal nuwber of strangers was present Large pu chases of both government etoek and raliread rhares were effeated. and prices rose considerably The Five per Cente opened at &lf 75c., Fone to 62f. 400 , and closed at 82f. 950 THE VEUY LATEST ny TELEGRAPH TO LIVERPOOL. The Latest Continental News. Liverroot, February 24, 1849, Our telegraphic express, in anticipation of the tnail, has just arrived, from which we are in pos- session of the following items of interesting in” telligence :— France, Disturbances have again broken out at Lyons, where a very unsatistactory state of teeling is said 40 exist among the working classes Late accounts from Algiers had reached the French capital, stating that the Arabe had attacked ahe French troops io Algiers, and thattwo hundred ot the latter had been killed, Sardinia, Accounts from Turin mention that an attempt hed been mode to proclaim a republican form of government there. This news is not regarded in London es entirely correct, and requires con- firmation. It ia confidently stated that the King of Sardinia thas resolved to take up the cause of the Grand Duke of Tvseany, and is about to march, with an army of 12,000 men, for the purpose. Hanever. The news comes from Paris that the Hanoverian ministry have resigned in a body. Bavaria. Letters from Munich etate that great excitement prevailed in that city, consequent upon the matters at variance between the second chamber and the sulistry, and it was feared that if they maintained their places taere would be serious disturbances. ; Naples and Stetly, It is stated upon pood wuthority that the Siciiian ‘question bas been settled with the King ot Naples, upen the basis that sieily will be under the control ofa separate Parliament, and be presided over by a Viceroy, who stall ve chosen from the house of Bourbon: It i said that this arrangement will be accepted by both pares. The Latest from Ireland. BY SPROJAL BXPRESS TO LiveRPOOL. Dustin, Friday Night, Feb 23. The grest topic of discussion here is the trial of Mr. Gavea Duffy, on nose c.se the jury, « pack- ed” by the crown to try the mrrits, have not been able to agree. So far, Mr Dufly has triumphed, With regard to the divisions of opiaion among the july, we are enabled to state that there never was 2 Case in which opinion more fluctuated in a jury and Liverpool packets, under the immediate superin- tendence of Captain Wm. Skiddy, whose great amount of practical hnowledge, both as a constructor and a sailor, coubined with the skill of her builders, could hardly fail to develope every desirable feature in her model; and it is, perbaps, but meet to say, in reference to this evidence of their ability, that the Constellation is, withoot exception, onv of the finest specimens of naval architecture ever placed on the stooks. The fellowipg statistics will enabie our readers to form some idea of her capacity and strength :—Burthen, (Custom House measurement ) 1.602 tons; carpenters’ do., 2,000 tons; length on spar deck, 201 feet 10 inch Jength of Keel, 140 feet; depth of hold, 28 fe: breadth of ba feet; lower decks, 7 1 main deck, 22 ino! 5 bickness of kelsons and keel, 84 lemgth of fore mast. 56 feet; diameter of do., inches; length of maixmast, 90’ feet; diameter of’ do., 36 inches; length of mizenmast, 84 feet ; diameter of do., 26 inches ; length of fore and main yards, 78 inmeter of do 22 inches; bowsprit, (outbou do., 34 imches; draft of water, ded, ‘The deek beams are supported by hanging kn: white cak,sidea ten to twelve inches, with sixte dron inch boite in each, and trussed by diagonal tim- ‘bers ‘The breast-hooks and transoms of the lower and main deoks, in addition to the usual means of fasten- ing. are seoured by marsive pointers of oak, extending bolted through and through. Imdved, ceed the manifestations of strength nd, perhaps, the best evidence of this is, f ton feot in the veseol is estimated an opinion from sharpness of the bow, the e ness of the lines, the clearness and finish of ¢! run, it would se , with the monster proportions of capacity and bulk, medel ovmbines all the light- ners and symmetry of a pilot boat. he deck contains # magnificent cabin of 45 feet in length, with rosewood and mahogany finishings. The entrance to this is effected through a semicirc lar passage and folding doors, at the * break” of the poop. The interior, im addition to large and capacious mess and sleeping apartinents for the officers, bath room, closets, pantries, kc, is fitted up with six ele- gently lighted state rooms for passengers. Through- out, the greatest taste 1s displayed; and though lack- ing the flimsy and pean air of saloons in gene- ral. there iss solid richacss aod beauty in the fittings, which does great eredit to Messrs. Catier & Youngs, to whom this part of the equipmert has been confided At the entrance of the canin, and forming the passage to which we have refer: ‘it eircular apart- ment, containing the dispensary and the main deck cabin stairease by means of which latter, communica- tion can be had with the parsengers below, without ex- poture to the open deck. Further for tween the fore aud main hatohways, a larg cious house is fitted up fer the accomm second c'ass pasrengers, galley, range, &o orew are comfortably provided with quarters forecastle deck On the main deok (which contains six ea te tasted. This, four feet square) the lower oxbin though not yet complete. is upwards of 50 feet in ngth, and derigned to contaim ten or tweive doubl te room, entries, store rooms, closets, kc. As with the other cabin, it is extremely well lighted, and so high between deoke, that nothing can prvolude that great deelderatam to ® fcee circula- tion of air throu; 7 Jower deck is thus left clearfor freight go, although the smoothavss and finieh of the &: beams would rather lead ude hold, which is of pacity » tirely ceiled over, the ance of @ subterranean tun- pear: 'Y reil-rouds than the transient sepul- ndiseand freight. In referenee to the rigging. we must content our- by bein] saying that the neatness of he end clearness of ber bewsprit and boums, not eply reflect much oredit on the riggers, Messrs. ple, and in perfeot keep- «Indeed, the best of all a dent of all these oo cto tures in thefeq ai nt and build of the Censtelistion, which cannot fall to interest ail who are connected in way with marine affairs, The recently invented | jtalm Snowe Harris, of the vesee!, at the suggestion as the generality of persons are iple, we ede ‘a brief deserip- aD) Ngktning conductor of vi R_N , bas been placed in of Captain Skiagy, a1 invorant of the pri tion, This com Ube truck, and extending duwn to th Ovally iporessing in wate fr the cup the conductor me running entirely throvgh t! which in turn 9 stepped ui 80) wer Cap. gra- 1@ lo ¢ tod aches. At in th from whenee the fluid means of immense boits of oop; end throu, t each extremit; of this method e. if better conductor of ratio of 6 tol, ana by mai Meu of rods or links, it « section ot the fluia. brsia Dir degree of support to the iighter }~ Fras: 8 DO carte or attention the ty considera- 1d loftiur maste, after being once » 804 on» which os: 1 baving the binn ofirom By this which the compass w tir ly obviated, Tb HM re, are of Copper, in ilew he Jocal at:raction, Otherwise experiouce, is on- Captwin not bat ¥ contded to bis kindly y ‘orto bave pt the Conete: evidences of mee b+ opinion which We have e: Cct with that of experienora #po ell who may wines her conn ment# viii be Coovinced that theme to whom her coa- ttruction Pas beem confided bave fuldlied in ea ablo Deuner the conditions of thele reveral contracts, |NEW YORK HERALD. orthwest corner of Fulton and Sassau sts, JAMES GORDON BENNET®, PROPRIETOR. ‘THB DAU. Y HER ALD.—Three editions, 3 cents . —T tor annum, The MURNING EDITION a published at 8 velock 4M and distributed before breakfast; the first APTERNOUN RDITION on beh dof the newsboys af 1 o'clock; and the second at 34 past 2o'clock, PB. THE WEEKLY HERALD, for cir-ulation om thie Conte sent, publnhed every Stary, at ON cont er copy or $8 per annum ; for ciret in and printed iy and English, at 0% cents per copy, or $4 per annem ; the pricete include the ALL LETTERS by mait, for subscriptions, or wich adver. be deducted from “ Heements, tebe port podd, or «he ptage tall nanan vomited, V@LUNTAR Y CORRLSPONDENCR, important sews. solicited from any quarter of the world ; ¢ ‘weed, will be ber. KON is for. FICE taken of anonymous communications, What the rier ; not naceesurlly for publication. but jy of his good fath. We ea: return rejected fommunia:: fons. ADVERTISEMENTS. (renewed coery merning, and te be is ning «nd afternoon .) at reasonable Siees iolgartion anak col aaaeees cae morn wots seat for errors maneerit PR. YTING of all kinds executed beautifully, and with daspaten, Orders recetwed at the ofes THE HhRALD ESTABLISHMENT ie open throughout the night ‘AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING. BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery—Eaors Ers—Usoun Jonas, BROADWAY THEATRE, Rroa¢way—Inistt “Aun sssanon— Navotxon’s Op Guann—Tevor THe TueR, NATIONAL THEATBR, Chatham 6qvare—Vitt.son Pran- tom—Youw Lincs iv Danonn—Scasuge ano Caasusa— Drexnrep Mit. 5 ee BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers strost—Dousry ax» Son— Nenvove Man any Maw oy Nanve, MECHANICS HALL, Broadway, near Broome—Cunurv’s erarte = SOCIETY LIBRARY, Breadway—Naw Ontzane Semena- omnes. BROADWAY CIRCUS, 657 Brosdway—Honsewanar, Po- wy Racas, ane Dancing Homsme—By Gamve, Lar & U0.'s TROUPE, 4OOLOGIOAL HALL, Bowery—Vam Ausuncn & Co's Mmsera OBINESE MUSEUM, 689 Brosdway—Oumwass Quniomrim. BIUYVESANT INSTITUTE, Broadway—Yaskea Hix's Comic LxorunE, MINERVA ROOMB—Mows, Apaien, Macte awa Purisso- PHY. The Deposition of the Pope. By the recent intelligence from Europe, received by the steamship America, we have learned that His Holiness, Pope Pius the Ninth, has ceased to exist as a temporal prince; that he has been, by the solemn act of the people of Rome, dethroned, deprived of all temporal power, and that a republic has been established in the Holy City. As if to make the matter sure, as if (if we may use the term) to clinch the affair, and to convince even the Pope himpelf of the futulity of his imphed threat ct recucing his refractory subjects to order by calling upon the Catholic powers of Europe to re- instate him by force, in the position from which he has been ejected, it was voted by the executive committee, or provisional goverament, that in case His Holiness should return to Rome, he would have the privilege of enjoying all the guaranties necessary fer upholding hia spiritual power as head of the Catholic Church. Nota syllable was men tioned ot his temporal power ; not a word wa, uttered that if he would return he would be restored to his mghts and privileges as a temporal monarch, ef which he was so suddenly deprived ; not a symptom of contrition was apparent for the steps that had been taken; not a murmur was uttered that the people had committed a rash act in depriving him, as they did, the successor ef St. Peter, of his sovereignty; nor were there the elightest evidences of repentance manifested. Sotar from that, the declaration that the City of the Seven Hulls was a republic, was received with manifesta- tions of the greatest joy ; the public buildings were illuminated ; gladness was depicted on every countenance ; it seemed as if a burdensome load had been removed from the breasts of the Roman peeple. When we take into consideration the condition ot Europe during the last few years, the deposition of the Pope, the circumstances under which it took place, and those which have succeeded it, we are of opinion that this last deliberate and well con- sidered movement is one of the most important, if not the most so, that has taken place since the ejection of Louis Philippe from the throne of France, and the establishment ot a republic in that country. Pius the Ninth was the man who culled into action—into determined and terrible activity —the spirit whieh created such tremendous changes and upheavings on the European conti- nent, as we have chronicled during the last fifteen months. He was the sun by whose genial warmi: the’ torpid spirit of rebellion and revolution, or to use a more appropriate term, the spirit of human freedom and human rights, which had ever since the first French revo- jution been crushed and cowed by the armed minions of monarchy and aristocracy 1n that part of the world—he was the sun which warmed that spirit into activity and life—which loosed the long pent pantiogs of oppressed millions, and lighted their path to freedom. But he mistook the age in which he lived—he mistook the feelings of the masses—he had no idea that the spirit which he evoked, would, in the end, prove mightier than his power to control it—that it was like the pen up fires of a volcano, which, once freed, would burst forth with uncontrollable fury, burying and destroying every obstacle in its way. The spirit thus called into play was antagonistic to the form of government existing in Europe. It-was radically and irreconcilably opposed to monarchy and aristocracy ; 1 was 80 hostile to kings and queens that the struggle which it coni- menced would be fatal to one or the other.— ‘hat sprit must be checked, subdued, and ulti- mately overpowered, or despotiam, in evory shape, would fall. Hence arose the great problem of the ever memorable year A. 1. 1848: Would theze be a@ reaction —would revolution end in anarchy ? —would the scenes which followed the first French revolution be re-enacted ’—would the sober and sensible portion of the people be so overcome with the horrors of the guillotine and the prison, as to make them pant for peace and oraer at any sacri. fice, even by the yielding up of all that they achieved, and then bending their necks again under the galling yoke from which they treed themselves by their own act? This was the great problem—the problem on which depended the great question of human freedom and human nights. The despots of Europe watched and scanned every movement in France; they predicted what they destred—a short life to the republic, a counter revolution, a state of anarchy, a recur- rence of the scenee of the old French revolution, a saturnelia of horror and bloodshed, and the resto- ration of the Bourbons. The smaliest and most trivial events were distorted and magnified by the paid agents and newspapers im the despotic in- tereet ; prediction after prediction was made, that the republic was a shadow; bu, Heavenbe praised, the enemies of liberty convicted themselves as false prophets. In quick sucecssion tellowed the depvsition of the Pope, the identical monarch who, touse Mr. Benton’s celebrated phrase, set the ball in motion—the bull of revolution which has created so much upheaving among the dry bones of despotism in Europe, and that deposition has beenratified and solemnized by the firing of cannon, the illamina- tng of Rome, end the joyful manitestations of the Roman people, Ja this view, therefore, the formal establishment ofa republic in Rome 16 of the utmost importance a6 regards the future political condition of Eu- rope Itis apparent thateven the sanctity of the Pope- dom, the reminiecences, influences and assecta- bons of the great Catholic church, the very sucves- tor of St Peter, the spiritual monarch of the whole Catholic world,was forced to give way—could not thurntain bis ground againstthe newly evoked spirit of liberty which has, by its progreas, startled’aud electr fied the world. Where, then, 18 the evidence of reaction im the public mind of Lurope towards deapetism’ Teitin France? Look aty.e great Preach republic. Ie atin Rome? Look at the Flom. republic aud the Pope a refugee in Gaeta. There hae ne? no re-ection. The time for reaction has passed, aitd the minions ot monarchy and despotism have pre- dicted in vain. All the world knows the respect and veneration which the head of the Catholic church has always received ; but great as are that Teepect and that veneration, the Catholic people of Europe have leurned to make a distinction between the Pope as successor of St. Peter and as @ temporal prince; and while they venerate him in one sense, they repudiate him in the other, as they would any other monarch. What better evidence could be furnished of the healthy and wholesome progress of libe ‘al principles in Europe? None. They have been put to the severest test in the recent occurrences in Rome, and they have stood it. The dethronement of Lous Philippe was the first great act in the revolutionary drama in Europe; and the deposition of the Pope, with the establishment of a republic in Rome, 1s the second in importance. We therefore think that this last news from Rome is of the highest importance. We cannot see that France cau consistently interfere in the matter, or attempt to reinstate his Holiness, nor do we see any great inclination to undertake it Without the uid of the new republic, no other Eu- ropean nation wil! engage in the project. Indeed, itmay be said that Rome has had her last sove_ reign, and that the people of that city are deter. mined to be their own monarch hereafter. Tux New Crry Cuarter.—The State Legisla- ture at Albany, have before them the new attempt to organize our municipal government upon a bet- ter footing than at present, asd to remedy the evils which have sprung up from the inefficiency, the neglect, and the corruption of the old system. The plan proposed is, as far as we can learn, in perfect accordance with that we have been suggesting tor some years past, namely : to model our municipal government, in all its ‘details, after the State go- vernment or federal government, as regulated by the constitution. The great fault of the present system, which has been so prolific of abuses, has been the want of a responsible executive authority, and consequently atotal exemption from individual responsibility. It 18 to this cause we may attribute the inefficiency of our police, the inattention to lighting and sewer- age, the dirtiness of our streets, and the various other abuses that have given our city such an un- enviable notoriety. Partizanship was made the test of fitness for office, and the man who signal- ized himself most conspicuously, exhibited most recklessness im the canvassing rooms and at the rolls, was considered best qualified for the situa- son that fell to the disposal of the dominant party. This has been the case with both the great parties, when they succeeded in obtaining munici- paliule. No efficiency, however great, (and notwithstanding the defects of the system, an honest and capable man did once in a while get a @tuation,) could save from dismissal;. and no in- competence, however flagrant, was suffieient, when backed up by unscrupulous partisanship, to withhold from appointment. Under such a etate of things, what else could be expected but gross neglect, inefliciency, and corruption? What other fruits could be looked tor, but the worst lighted, the worst watched, the worst sewered, the worst cleaned, and the heaviest taxed city through- out the world? There are some sins that cry to heaven for vengeance ; and we honestly believe that the whole tour which are numbered in that category, may be a million times charged, re- motely, if not proximately, to the various c«rporate authorities who have from time to time held mu- nicipal sway in this city. To make our meaning clear, let us suppose a case, which 18 of every day occurrence. A poor woman, who 18 confined to her room the whole day, sewing for her daily sub- sstence, catches a virulent fever from the noxious muasma exhaled from the decaying animal orvege table matter in the street, under her window, or in consequence of the imperfect sewerage. She falls a victim to this disease. Her relatives and neigh- bors at once proneunce her death a visitation from God; but can there be any doubt—can any man who walks through our streets and lanes and avenues, and possesses the senses of secing and smelling, come to any other conclusion than that the death of this poor woman isdirectly chargeable to the city council, who had the power, and whose duty it was, to remove the immediate and sole cause of death? If a jury of medical men were to investigate the subject, we are firmly impressed with the conviction that they would attribute the half of the mortality among the poor of the city fo causes every one of which might have been prevented by the enforcement of proper sanitary regulations. According to the new charter now before the Legislature, the duties hitherto entrusted to the various committees ot the Council are to be dis- charged by regular departments, who will be res- ponsrble for their proper execution. The duties of the Council are to be more of a legislative than of an executive character, in future ; and instead ot meeting every week, as at present, they are to meet only once in three monthe. We are of opinion that 1t would be better if a monthly see- sion were adopted. By this means an accumula- tion of business would be avoided, and sufficient interest would be excited in the public to watch their movements. It the longer term be fixed, every session would necessarily occupy afew days, aud perhaps a week, before the business could be disposed of. be There are other changes we might point out in the new charter, that might be deemed desirable ; but ae it is still im transitw, there will be time enough to discuss them. Any change, however, in the present system, must be hailed with delight by our patient and plundered citizens. We do not expect, at the best, a perfect system ; but let a be- ginning once be made, and time and experience will do the rest. Freaxs oy Tux Exoxisn Post Orrick.—We re- ceived, by the steamship America, which arrived at Boston on Friday last, a letter from London, dat- ed April last, and one from Paris, dated last August, each ot which had a great many post marks—the most prominent and legible ef which, was to the effect that the letters were delayed in consequence of the non-payment of the postage. At first we were disposed to give the English post office authonties credit for liberality in sending thoee letters to us, even atsolate a day, withuut receiving the postage in advance; but, onsecond thoughts, we concluded, and righdy, too, we believe, that they waited for the ratification of the late postal treaty, under which they could collect the pestage for which they were detained. The publie may, therefore, expect that all the letters which have been detained in England for non-payment of postage, for the last year or two, will be transmitted; and as the quantity 1s no doubt great, they may expect them in batches. From Port av Puatr —By the ship Desdemona, from Turks Island, we have received the Turks holand [Gazette to the 14th ult. {t confirms our previous advices of an engagement betweem the Heytien and Dominican forces, in which the former were beaten. Sir R. Scomburgh is said to have gone to Port au Prince, to act as mediator. From Britisn Guiana.—We received, yester- terday, files of the Royal Gueette and the Colonist, published at Georgetown, Demerara, down to the 8ih February; but they are filled with local news and extracts from European papers. Frem Aux Caves.—By the schooner General pede letters have been received here trom Aux Cayes to the 12th ult, These state that the vew government mouupoly plan did not work well. (chad dectersed the price of coffee, and the coun- uy people retused to bring ut in. The geueral «pinion at Aux’Cayes was that the law woutd be reyenied. Business generally very dull.—Beston Travear. ‘Theatrical and Musteai. ‘Tuxatax.—There will be great doings to- Bight at this houre, as a mew equertrian drama is tobe produced im magnificent style, It bas been written for a'r. J H Holl, for the parpose of introducing his,highly tra0¢d ond sagacious steed, Arbaces, which is eaid to be the most splendid animal that bas ever yet beon imtrodua.’d om the stage. Mr. Mall (who is such a de- served fay Fite at this house) will take the part of Eagle Eyo,@ young Indian Chief, and wiil ride nis cine late a Gods, canis Uaioe ee piece a eeries of m'ost original and daring feats of horse- wenship The crave iteelf is said to bes i inte. resting one. the most remarkable stage off The scenery is all new ‘will be introduced & ad ‘This evening there will be some doings at this elegant amd fashionable theatre. The comedy of the “Irish Ambassador’? will be per- tormed, in wkioh Mr. Collins will appear as Sir Patrick O’Plenipo, and sing the “Bold Soldier Boy.” We donot detire to draw envious comparisons, but the late la- mented Power wae supereminent im this, and there- fore the gentiewan who takes the same character will have to summon up all his energies, and to put forth all his powers in order te reach the im the eotination of the public, which Power hed attained d held with euch signal success for so many y Mise F Wallack will impersonate Lady Ienbella. who isin love with Sir Patric! C will be the -erlous dramatic aketch of “Napol Guard,” Mr. H, Placide acting th pe*, of Haversack, and Mise F. Wallaok that of Melunie. “Le Polka Ne- tonale,” by M'lie, Celeste and Mons Wiethoff, wil be es happy combination of the [gest fantastic. « ay the Tiler” will follow; Mr Collins will act the character of Teddy, in the course of which he will sing the ‘Widow Maooney ” T! atertain- ments will conclude with the ‘ipped in the Bud.” Here is » eumptuoue bill of fare; something to suit every taste, and to gratify the most fastidio wit, humor, music, dancing, first rate acting, singing, nd to cap the climax, the lovers of military ay and chivairy will have aa opportunity of elaking the thirst which always accompanies the scariet fover. On Wednesday Mr. H, Placide’s benefit will take place. ‘We hope that the talents of this poished gentiema: and accomplished actor will be fully appreciated, on the occasion, by giving him # bumper and “one cheer more.” Nationan Turatar.—The bill for this evening at his house is @ capital one, consisting of four favorite , viz: the musical drama of the “ Village Phan- the romantic drama of the “ Deserted Mill,” and the two new farces of “ Your Life’s in Danger,” and “Slasher and Crasher. The company at the National is well calculated for such varied per- tormancos, as they are all equally good in every depart- ment. W. B Chaman, Booth, Mofarlend, Dawes, Herbert, Tilton. Miss Mestayer, Mra Isherwood, Mcs. Chapmsn, and Miss Miles, who are among the more prominent members, are great favorii tervedly #0. They all do their utmost to gi everything they undertake. and the nightly so liberally bestowed on 1 the National, iss proot of the success of thei ery crowded house this bh an excelient bill be rau never produces the National. Borron’s THeaTRe.—This evening wilt be played the dramatic version, in two acte, of “Dombey & Son.” ‘Tho whole force of the company will be brought to bear upon the piece. Burton will represent, in dashing style, the character of Captain Cuttle, mariner, of England, who ‘lives at home at ease.” His talents as ep actor are ungurstionable, and the cream of the proposition is, that the pubiic think so; ana hence the crowde that flock to histheatre Brougham, as Major took. “rough, and tough, and devilish aly,” will be the thing iteeif Nome but himeelt can be his thing else but good ny Weight that foroe of ciroum- humor smooths serve and achieve ppear as Susan Nipper, lt acquit herself, as she with credit to herself profit to the pro- 'd saticfaction to the audi For the first 8. jomedy of the “ Nervous M: jd the Men of Nerve,” will follow. The leading will be sus tained by Mesers. Burton and Brougham —the former ae Mr. Aspen, the * nervous man,” aad the latter as Mr. MeSbane. the “man of nerve” A favorite ballad will be given by Miss Hiffert; anda pas de deur by Misa Walters and Mr Frederick, with the grace of the ¥ try of motion” The orohest:s will do its daty with its usual ability. Overturen to “ Masi “The Slave,” exd * Quicketep,’”’ will be executed in an effecti tiflo style. We perocive thi farce are inrebeareal ‘ Go abend!”’ is the stereotyped command at this theatre. laco upon tt Hi aifioultie: lie his comio pot ‘Wo have said so much of cellent. and, we may add, inimitable vooslists and negro actors, that we really are at @ loss to find words for this or tuture notices Suffiae it to say, that they hold forth us usual at Mechanic’s Hall, in Broad- way, which has been throoged nightly for two yours past by their admirers, and that they will remain there as long as their popularity contiaues, which it promises to do lor a long time to come. Society Library, the these famous singers, is nightly jegea by who throng their concert reom. listen with delight to their admirable perform: Their musical rame is one of the most amusing ver heard. The phronological leader of that famous performance Dy professor of that science leap for joy, eo huge are they. We recommend all to hear these philosophers, Yasxex Hix. the far famed and well performer, has been s0 successful in hii be gave lust week at the Stuyverant | bas concluded to give a couple more ble those crowded out on formor eccantons to attend To pight he will give one at the samo place as before, end be will introduce all his best stories, queer dia- logues. racy deecriptions, &o,, ct mun and manners down Fest, ke. and, no doubt, will afford vast amuse- ment te ali his hearers. Minerva Rooms —-Monsieur Adrien, the astonisbin’ magician. will this evecing go through his extraordi- nary performenoes, introducing at each tire obange of novelty. Enohancment legerde & surprice to the ladice, will comprise the firet part; and the recond snd third parce will consist of the etherial suspension of Mile Elize, and the magnia- cent “ Megescor: ”? with fifteen new changes. The room is well warmed, and has been magnificently Atted up. Those who bave seen Monsieur Adrien, speak in the highest terms of his ability as a magician. Tux Monplaisir Troupe is in Mobite, Police Intelligence. The Case of Walker ~ Thomes A. Walker, the young man who now ds obarged with shooting his wite, Marthe E Walker, oe stillconfined in the Tombs. The case will be laid before the urand Jory this week for the consideration. and should they ignore the com aint, then the accused will be cet at fiberty But on The other hand, if thoy find a true bil against him, then Mr Walker will have to stand his trial, Peestng Bad Money —A man calling himself John Bellers, was urreecs4 OR Saturday. by officer Aastin, of the 7th ward, on a charge of pacting 8 counterfeit £6 bill, purporting to be on the bank of Suequeidnay He was deiained by tho magistrate for # furvber hearing the stct.— A German Jew, by the a of wirnberger, was detected in the act of stealing & bundle of bead Tombs from the atore of Tasker and Certer. No 2 Covar street {It appears yhat the ao d called at the store and parobased some few arti. and was seen by @ person in the store to pict up the bunch of combs and secrete them ia his Officer Connel y took the accused magistrate heid bim to acawer th own comic The United Siates sloop of war Ue modore Lown: was at St. Thomas She bad visited St i St. Domingo, Jacmol, G, left the United St Of the above port: er (Torough negligence of some state where the A. was) An off. cers ;- Charles Lowndes, Eeq ; James P, MoKineley. First Lieutenant, Richét4 Porrest, Second do.; Chai Tomes, Third do.; Seattel J, Shipley Fourth de; Samue) Lym-asor, Surgeon. Edwar Storer, Porser; Jobn Matthews, Je Acting Mastér; Thomas H. Looker. Midshipman; William C Glassell, 40.; Jobn K. Lagow, do; William H. Toon, do; Arthur Dortey, Clerk; Edward Harrison, Mester’s Mate; Withan. 6. Thompson, Ganner; George Thomas, Saimeker; Hepry De Coursey, Pureer’s Ste sard The U 8. storeship Supply, Lieut Co: Sinclair, was towed down to H da) atternoom, by the steamer is bound to the Mediterranean with stores for the eqadrons on thore stations. The U 8 frigate Raritan, Captain Page, will rail with the first favorable wind probably today We learn that Captain Page bes orders, after oruizing off coast for a rhort time, to touch at New York.where svocersor to Commodore Wilkinson in the com. Ld of the home equadron, will join the ship She Will them proceed to her d-rtipation te the Gaif The bar Gulley. J. than Yeung; Midshipmen Jovph 0. W Flower. Joba W. Kiadell. Wm.P Victnan, James H Gillie Trevert Abbot Carlos Bratt; B. reph Lewis; Gunner. wa Sallmater, Jacob Stephen: Jol B. Forney; Purser's Clor! tom.—Norfolk Beacon: terth 8 oreo” rat Higence. ew Pay anon By ae vlected mayor of Bath, Me., At the town election of Norwich, N Y.,on Tuesd lant, the or mocrata elestnd the wieis tianse 1 Holey S Eddington is am independent candi Governor of Arkansas, oe sexe | TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE, Affairs in Washington. Wasmin: Maro 10, 1849, ‘The Hom. Reverdy Jobnsog is acting as Seoretary of War until Mr. Crawford comes up from'the Tombighee. The Presiden® has bad @ cabiset council to dey, efter which the White Heuse and the departments were crowded with v‘iters. Mr. Brady, of Va., is €o be second auditor. Mr. Penrose, of Pa , is to Rave a beresu: ‘The independent Tayler mem are we ittle, is. Ulayten, they say; Intends to hold te the pledges of the campayga. A large number of office seeker¥ dave leftithe city, te come back when vented. Reinfervements continue to arrive. General Shicids and the Senate, dic. Wasnivaton, Mero 10, 1849. It is certain that the committee of five will repert on Monday unanimously that General Sittelds hes ao constitutional rights to s seat im the Senzte— that he has tailed to establish the naterelisation of his father —that he has not himvelf beam © citisem nine years, according tot ¢ constitutic: id we have reasons te Geclare that the Senate will coincide with the com- mittee. We will say further, that, bed Gon. Shields established his eligibility, » resolatiom would’ have been offered to enquire what action osight be neoes- sary to vindicate the dignity of the Sevate in respect to the conduct of General Shields in his aerrespen- dence with Judge Breese. ‘We expect Mr Breese to be returned to the Sonata, Presidential Neminations. Wasninaron, March 9, 10:49, Charles Hudson will be nominated as Naval Oitoor of Boston. Mr. Cioddard, of Obio, bas been selected as Chief Clerk of the Home Department. Serious Lilnces of Chief Justice Gibson, Pui.avecrmia, Marob 11, 184 We regret to stute that Chief Justioe Gibson is otial lying siok at Carlisle, and it ie feared that he will not recover. There is nothing of importance from the South, Litmess of Members of the Legislature, Avaanr, Marob 10, 1849, ‘A Gerpatch from Ithaca, reovlved by a Sonater, states that Mr. Williams, from Tomphine county, is dangerously ill. Senator Little, from Otsego, is also sick. SEW YORK LEGISLATURA, SENATR. Aceawr, March 10, 1849, ANTE Tax PETITION, A petition was presented from. Gen. Anthony Lamb, Watte, De Peyster, and many other oitivens, against the tax of the town of Canton, to build # plank road. ‘The petition involves » principle which hes for its ob- ject the taxation of non-resident Jand holders, and is characterized as destructive of all investments in real estate. Ft was referred. THK SENKUA INDIANS. A petition from the obief warriors of the Seneca Indians, for payment of damages suffered from hore ‘thi , CLEARANCES ON THE CANALS, A resolution providing that. no collector of tolls om the State Canals chall issue clearances on the first day of the week, and that no collector, inspector, or look- tender, ehall be required: to perform official duty om that dey, came up for consideration. Mr. C.arxe, the mover of the resolution, said it was Intended to conform the practice new. prevailing in Albany and Buffalo, where on Sunday no. clearances were issued. He wished all officers along the line of the canalto pursue the same course now, He said it was against » statute of the State. for any person to work on Sunday, and the Stateshould not compel its officers to violate the laws of the land. Several Senators expressed their opinion favorable to prohibiting the issue of clearances, but adverse te allowing look tenders to suspend their work on that day. The question was not decided. BILLS PassED. Many bills were passed, among which was a bill to au- thorine the village of Willismsburgh to oo and improve the Williamsburgh and Jamaica Turnpike as one of their streets; a bill amending the general banking law, the provisions of which have been here- tofore reported. It allows United States six per cent stook to become the basis of circulation. THE CROTON WATER WORKS, RTC. Only one Senator, Mr. Frorp, of Suffolk, voted against e bill authorizing the authorities of New York to extend the C.oton water works. The particulars were reported yesterday. A bili amending the charcer of Brooklyr City Hospital so as to allow the trustess to take property by devise, if the will be made three months before deonase. ERIE RAILROAD STOCK, ADill suthorizing Gi.nert Smitu to surrender old took of the Erie Railroad and revive new stock, was paeced ; but the Semato reconsidered the bill, asin- volving ® principle whether, after the expiration of the time fixed by law, the old stook could come in. TUE BROOKLYN CITY HALL, A bill wes passed authorising the authorities of Brovklyn to iesue bonds at 6 per cont fer $50,000, hav- ‘ng twenty-seven years torun, forthe purpose ef finish- ‘Dg the City Hall. THE COMMON FeHOOL FUND. A bill was parsed appropriating $120,000 to the reve- nue of the Common School Fund, and $110,000 revenue of the United States Deposit Fund was wanted for the support of Common Schools, and the $55,000 for dis. tziet echool librarice. THE TOWN oF FISH, &c. A Dill wes passed organising the Otsego county; and « bill gi at Poukekill te the Hon. B. Howard, FREE SCHOOLS. An act establishing free schools throuzhout the State ‘wae biought up for # third reading for the fifth or sixth time, and sent back to committee, NEW YORK ALMSHOUSE, In relation to the law providing for the organisation Of the almsbouse department in New York, (particulars aterday.) There was ne vote taken. “ BROOKLYN Bank, The bill passed for the relief cf the Broeklya Bank, enables the bank to fill up stook. RAILROAD ComPamins, A bill was passed allowing railroad companies to fund money borrowed, THE ALMANY Bastin, A Dill for the felief of Albany from the expenses in- curred Jn excuvating the Albany iD, Was debated. tit Fins in favor of the bill, said the debt was due from the State. The State, not the city, was the owner of the land under the water basin. The city of Albany the contended, bad no right to enter the basin for the purpese of exeavation without the authority of the State officers. The claim was not one of favor, but heer justice, AJluding to remarks that had been made. that injury was done to the Wert, he said that the Erte Canal made the West, and it was not the ‘Wert that made the Erie His section of the State, the northern, bad aided all other parts of the State, He was glad to ray that notwithstanding vory many private claims bad been urged by the West, not claim bill had passed for the North, In regard to savor ehown the North, it was all promise but no performance. ASSEMBLY. Avnany, March to, idid. GROLOGICAL suRTEY, ‘The Governor tranemitied » message in relation to the geological survey, An appropriation of $25,000 hua been ex 4, und contracts had been made for favure work, tor engravings, Ko, A very large amount was vecesrary for engraving — $17.70, Originally it was estimated that $104 09 ‘*ould cover all expemer; but it would ran up to hum- dreds of thourands, Contracts for 143 platws at $459 euch, bad been made for the agricultural d artmuns f the work; for 176 plaves a contract iemuking, Thoy are to contain 6,286 tgures in the department of fosait Temains. If contracted, epprepriations were ne- Oeneury. It was referred to @ nrleot committ THE INCORPORATION OF INSURANCE COMPANIES, A bill was peesed tor @ general act incorporating in. Surence compantes—fire, marine, life not lees enpital than $150 000, counties with mot less than $60,000 7 Commence with less than 100 applicants for insurance, ce must amount to raace companies obar- tered by other States, whe hav- agents ia this Stde, shail pot be allowed te do business until they aathity the Comptr: Her that they are posseaswd of the enpital end reourities represented to be invested accord: ie the law in the State chartering them, Present agen-