The New York Herald Newspaper, December 25, 1848, Page 2

tent twelve rates of letter Wring two sous for the first twenty-five miles (En; with an advance of two sous for each Ss et distan will then be superseded by the form charge of four sous, which according to our legal standard of value, is equal to 3 72100 cents, The German seale of tages, though somewhat variant jo the different Bra © generally to that of Prussia, which commences with a rate for ibe first two miles, (equal to about nine anda half miles Englich) of one eilver groscben, equal to two aud a half cents, increasing by ‘a grosoben for each interval of from to ten miles. German. with an ixtervening half rate. A reform in postages has been decreed by a recent postal congress at Dresden, fixing two rates in substitution of the foregoing—-one ef five kreutzers, (old German con- vention money.) about equal to five cents, for distance mot exceeding pinety five miles (Ex and the other ten kreutzers, or cents, for any dis over. ‘The following are quite anomalous. In France, 1iwas informed, the postmaster, instead of giving bonds with sureties, deposits with government the re- quired amountin money. He draws from it, whilst in office a moderate interest, less than the commercial rate, and receives back the capital on retirieg from office, provided he has faithfully accounted for and paid over all dues to the government. In Prussia, the General Post Office opens accounts with the postmas- ters only for the letters they receive and deliver. The amounts prepaid on letters rent are accounted for by the sending peetmasters to the receiving and deliver- ing postmaster, who is held liabie therefor by the gene- ralctice In Austria, where the posting of travellers is, as eleewhere on the continent, a part of the post office monopoly, the postmaster is prohibited from furnishing conveyance, unless the party exbibit a post- ing ticket from the State Chancery, giving permission to travel. But the st anomaly of the prerent day is the Thurn xis Poste, This constitutes the only mneral post office power ef Germany. It is held as an ditary fief granted by the German Emperor Mat! to the Count de Taxis, in 1616—re-established 4 confirmed, after Buonaperte bad abolished it, by the Congress of Vienna. its central office is at Erank- fort, with postmas' and offices in the di it man towns, separate and independent of the local mail ertablishments. It compels the railroads to carr its mails for nothing, as a part of the restitution whic it holds that modern improvements should make for infringing upon its prescriptive rights, in furnishing a Detter mode for public travel than existed two centu- ries Its attributes are those of a private mono- poly; and it is managed so as to make the largest pos- sibie income for itsaffluent proprietor, the Prince Thurn and Taxis. TX. Onoanization or Forrian Post Deranrments. In tho obief feature of its organization, and in its re- lative importance at home, th ish Postofiice widely differs from thore on the continent. In France and in the German States, the Postoffice is but a branch of the Treasury Department. The Directeur General, at Paris, is a bureau office, under the Minister of But in Great Britain, as io the United i Postoflice constitutes one of the great de- partments of the Executive government ; the Post- Inaster General is a member of the Cabinet, holding » seat in the House of Peers, Thus, through its head, it is connected with the political power of the nation ; and is directly subjected through the same channel to the influences of the popular will, so far as their form of government will allow. But to prevent it from being made a party engine, all interference with, or participation, even in the elections on the part of any officer, Postmaster or other subordinate. is prohibited by law, undersevere penalties. All appointments, from @ principal officers and postmasters down to the letter carriers and mail guards, are ordered by the Post- master General; though in respect to the principal officers and postmastere, the appointment is made on the nomination of the Lords of the Treasury. In France, the principal appointments of Postmasters,and other officers, are made by the Minister of Finance, with the consent of the ceun The Directeur Gene- ral recommends in such cases, and makes the appoint- ments bimeelf of the infericr class of Postmasters and subordinates. In the German States, appointments in the principal class are made by the King; in the inferior, by the Postmastea General. in Eng- land, the tenure of office is “during pleasure,” and not for life, as rome have erroneously sup- d, er even © during good behaviour ;” removals, \owever, are never ordered but for an assigned cause, andasto promotions, ! find the following memoran- dumjmade at the General Post Office in London:—“The clerks are promoted in rotation, provided they are re- ported by the head of the office to which they belong to be competent to take the higher situation; and pro- vided their official conduct is such as to warrant the romotion. The head ofeach office is selected an ac- count of his ability and fitness, not by rotation. The first clerk. however, is appointed, if qualified.”” ‘The entire business of the post office department of Great Britain is done in the name of the Postmaster Gen ‘The chief functionary for the tra: of thie business, ie the Secretary, whose ayear. There isan assistant secretary. & solicitor of the d nent, now recet salary as the Postmaster General, £2,500; but whi successor is to receive but £1,500 perannum. The fol- lowing are the bureau oflicers:—Superintendent of | Mail Coach Office. salary £100; Receiver General, ap- pointed by the Lords of the Treasury, £800; Account- ant General, £€U0; President of the Money Order Of- fice, £500, and Inspector of Dead and Returned Let- ters, £400 There are central offices for Scotland and Jreland, respectively at Fdinburgh ond Dablin, subor- dinate to that at London. and on 4 smaller scale. Troneections with the Chancellor of the Fxcho- quer and Secretary for Foreign Affairs, in respect to postal errangements with other countries, Xc., and matters of appointments. belong to the files of the Secretary to the Postmaster General and | thore of his private eccretary. The former is a post now filled by and created for, | believe, the celeb r- ted Rowland Hill, The salaries of the cl ange from ££0 to £6(0 peranntm. Asto the salaries of postmasters—the highest in England (Liverpool) is £1,000, ($4,840), and the lowest is $30 a year, ($145 20), Receiving postmasters get £3—some instances £5— | ‘end in one case as high ae $15 perannum. In France and Germany, the higher grades of ealaries range much lower than in England; but J am unable to give them | with precision. X.—Historicat. The post office bad no existence, as an institation for general use. till towards the close of the 15th eeptury. The ettablishment of posts we can trace asifar back as the Persian empire, and the reign of Darius the Ist. The correspondence between Julius Cmsar and Cicero makes memorable those es- tablished by the preat Triumvir between Britain and Rome. Iiis skill in such arrangements, acquired pos- sibly whilst surveyor of the Appian Way, gave them o yoy unrurparsed in modern times, till the introduc- ion of steam. Avgustus and his successors maintain- ed them on alerger scale. But their obaracter is in- dicated by the fact, that the head of this mail estab- lishment wae the captain of the Praetorian Guards. Th y were courier despatches between the government nd the army. Military posts furniehed the relays that performed the service; and whether they did not also confer their name upon it, isa matter that the lexicogra- phers, who derive it from the past participle uf a Latin verb, may have yet to eettle with the historians. Postsof alike character the Spanish adventurers found under the Incas of Peru. The University of Paris, and the affluent merchants of Italy and Germany. following the example of their governments, sent theirown mes- sengers for the conveyance of letters. But with the dawn of liberty in the Italian States, and especially in the Duchy of Milan, the post office first entered upon the duty of s@rving the citizens as well as the govern- ment. And the comprehensive cenius of Charies the |, syetematized it for his vast dominions, on the ba- of public and rocial accommodation. He created e first Postmaster General known to history, in the person of Leonard, Count of Taxis. The post office was introduced into England from italy-—but under eceleriastical auspices. The Pope's cio was the chief fanctionary. It was but little used in this form, and was at length flung aside one of the papalgncroachments. The office of Po master General in England enjoys the honor of being created by Elizabeth. 0 conferred it upon Thomas Randolph, e gentlemen of distinction in the foreign service of the Queen. where he had acquired, as we may presume. s knowledge of the mail establishments of the Continent. It is a notable circumstance, that in the 17th century the port office essablishmeut was ete y to away in Germany, as a feudatory monop the family of in France, it was set u e+ out fors term of years, and #0 con- the close of the i8th century, 1791. And the same dirposition was made of it during the Commonwealth in England. In the reign ef Queen Anne, the post office department for the British em- pire was reorganised und-r aetatute of Parliament,that embraced the American Colonies, and provided for the establishment of one chief letter ofice in New York, with otbers in convenient places in the other provinces. But it was long anterior to this -asearly aa the reign of Charles [I that the popular movements brought the office into existence in America, as @ conven- ence of the people--a character in which it had never originated in amy nation or country before. A port office was establirhed in Boston. under John Hey- ward, by the Colonial Court in 1677; and in Philadel. hia. under Henry Waldy, by order of William Penn, in 1083, The Virginis Aseembly gave Mr Neale pa tent a* Postmaster (ieneral. in 1692, which never wen intoefivct. But, in i704, Col, John Hamilton, of New Jersey, obtained @ patent from the Colonial Govern- ment for a port office scheme for the whole country, atried into ruccessful operation, and for tained indemnity from the English Govern- ment, when it was superseded by the statute of Ann, trious name of Franklin first appears in connection with the tervice of the Ameri @ was then appointed porrmay commissioned as one of the tro erale of British North America the post roads in the thirteen North Carolina having st, and New York 57 ing the service. and returning crown, ashe kaye, three times asmuch clear revenue as the post offices of Ireland, be was diemianed ae Deputy Portmaster General by @ “freak of ministers,” in 1774. Bat in the next year, July 26, 1745, he was elected eneral of the United Colonies, by the unanimous vote of the Con- tinental Congress An advance of Siteen years brings ua to 1700, the official documents of which exhibited, through some meager detetle, the extent of the port offlee operations of the. fret year of the preeent government of the United States, The whole mail service was comprised in twelve contracts, and consisted of a line of posts from Wiscarset to Sevannab, with branches to Provi- dence and Newport, to Norwich and New London, to Middletown, to Pittebargh, to Dover and Harton, to ‘Annepolis, and to Norfolk and Richmond, upon no jon of which was the mail rent oftener than triweekly, and en much of it but once in two weeks, Between Philadelphia and Mitteburgh, “a complete tour” war porformed once in twenty days The an ‘cort of the whele rervice was $22,702 07 The r 0° post officer was seventy-five, amd the jength of port routes, 1,°75 miles i of with this service of the firet year, we compare that the bsth of the government, we shail find the th of this institution iu the United States, in the fices, the length of ite routes and the unequalled in rapidity aod ex- n since the beginning of time frequenc dont by any other nai were including 3009’ recetvin Bf S of 41,012,579 miles mails inland. What nsp’ is in France, or Great Bi there are no statistios at bend to rhow—much less than ourown, uadoubdt- edly. But the circulation in the Frenoh ‘mail abcut 115 millions of letters in 1847; and in the Bri- tish, about 500 millions; whilst ours was less than 60 millions Whereas, our population is sbout 43 per cent less than that of France, and 25 per cent lees than that of Great Britain. This shows that we make a greater provision of mails, per capita, but that they are Jers ured by the pubiie, in prope r lation, than in E nd or France. The population, and the greater absorption in the French and English mails of the city and town letters, going from street to street, with little comparative lors of ac- eommodation on our part, are more than sufficient to account for the small difference in favor of France, whose Paris letters alone number —— millions annu- ay. Not so with Great Britain. For the difference in her favor, we must look to other causes; and we find them in the higher rates of our postage, and the de- fective machinery of our system; both of which inter- pese checks to a universal resort to the mails A change inthe mode of business at the office that will give more regularity to the mails, more certainty to the accounts, and more exactness to all the details of the service, and the liberalizing of the system by re- ducing the charge of transport, will produce inevita- bly a larger use ef the post office by the people, and re- sult in a vast improvement te all the business and so- cial interests of the country. 1 remain with the highest respect, your ob't serv’t, S. R. HOBBIE, Ist Assistant P. M. Genes NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT, PROPRIETOR. THE DAILY HERALD.—Three editions cory day ticcente per ‘annum, The MOR! TION te avila ‘3 o'clock A.M. and distributed before breakfast ; the Arst AFTERNOON EDITION can be ase, the newshoys ati glock P.M, and the second APTERNOON KDITION at orcloclk, He WEEKLY HERALD—Every Saturday, for circula. tion on the American Continent 64. cents per copy, $3 1236 per : te ket day, for European ci anaum. Every sf iM ng p fe A ‘es {bededeg hrm 86 per annum, toincl i Git be printed in the French and English languages. AMUSEMENTS THIS EVENING, BOWERY THEATRE, Bowery. At A.M, Vinw or THe WiLp Beasts, At lg P. M., Munco Parx—Camson Cames—Ronent Macaike. Evening Performance—Lion ov rae Desert—Jounny Ar- mee Vovacrk To THE Moox—AnpvoTion or Nina—Et ¥D) BROADWAY THEATRE, Brcadway —Montx Crisro, NATIONAL THEATRE, Chatham Square. Ar2P.M., Lexy Mr Fivs Suu.uives—Yourn wwe Never Saw 4 Wonan—Paxrosime oF HARLEQUIN AND GOLDEN Wueart Surry. Evenine—Cmiuprex x tHe Wooo—Gounen Farxea— Twix Buornen PrrvoRmancss—Panroxiux, BURTON'S THEATRE, Chambers street—Carironnta Gown Minxs—Lucy Dm SHan Amoun—Counrgrrsir PREsENT- ments—Wuers's Barnum! BROADWAY CIRCUS, Noar Spring stroet—Equesrrian- tem, &o.,at 2and8P. M. MECHANICS’ HALL, Broadway, Minsrrux's—Eriorian Siver MELODEON —Vinersra ENADERS, at 2nd P.M. SOCIETY LIBRARY—Caupnuiz’s Minerrexs, at 11 A.M, and Sand § P.M. ZOOLOGICAL INSTITUTE. Bowery—Vax Graxp Mx» aGenis, from 136 to 4, and 636 to9 P. STUYVESANT INSTITUTE, Broadway, near Bleocker strect wane Weel oge Seuenapens Erworian Concerts, at 3 P.M.,and at the TASERNACLE, Broadway—Ar 8 P. M., Concent tw Citt- zens’ Digs. STOPPANI HALL, Corner of Broadway and Walker street— Wuire's SEREXADERt—Eris0PiAN Sixcrnc, at Sands P.M. Near Broome—CxRistr’s tS and 8 P.M. AxnuRcn’s aM New Yorm, Monday, December 25, 1848. Actual Circulation of the Herald, Deo. 17, Sunday... “" 78) Monday. . 19. Tuesday. ...+ « 20, Wednesday . “ 21, Thursday ‘ «“ « « y Friday... “ “ 95, Saturday. . vee... & Weekly. se ees & 162,976“ & 94, Sumday..... es ceeseceeeees 16,840 “ ‘The publication of the Herald commenced yesterday at 25 minutes before $ o'clock, and finished at 6 o'clock. Circulation of the other Leading Morning Journalse Courier and Enquirer, (daily) Journal of Commerce Express . Tribune. AN EXTRA CALIFORNIA HERALD. Map of the Gold and Quicksilver Region, &e. Ke. Ke. ‘The Exrna Catrronsia Henan, to contaim a great deal of valuable information relative te the Gold Re- gion, and the routes thither, accompanied by a map of the gold and quicksilver region, will be published to. morrow noon. The map we received a day or two since from Cali- fornia. It isthe latest and most accurate in exist- ence ; it was drawn on the spot, by am officer of the army, and embraces all the principal points in El Do- rado, Such a map, with the information accompany- ing it, will be of the greatest value to those who remain at home, as well as to those who intend to seek a fortune, or something worse, in the rich valleys of the Sacramento. The Exrra Cauirornia Henan will be ef the same size of the New Yorx Hrrarp. It willbe sold in wrap pers, ready for mailing. at a sixpence per copy. Advertisements, referring to California, will be in- ecrted in this edition. The Birthday of Christ. This day », all things considered, to those who believe the sacred oracles and the revelation of truth with which we are favored, the greatest, the most important, and most wonderful day which ever dawned upon the world On this day, 1848 years ago, a child was born into the world, whose coming had been foretold and locked for in all ages before, by the nation in the midst of whom he was born. In this body which then appeared in this world, the Godhead was resident and manifested. Many, no doubt, will be inclined to ndicule the very idea of such a thing; but we would ask, what could be more reasonable, more benevolent, or mere credible than such an event? Tow should the Deity mani fest himself, and make his power and goodnes’ known to men, better, more intelligibly, or more | @miably, than in the form of man? Some nations and people believe they behold the divinity in the form of beasts, and images, and reptiles; but the Christian nations of the world believe that he has been manifested in the man who, on this great and memorable day, was born into the world. Cer- tainly, on the score of sound sense and true good understanding, the Christians, above all other nations, however wise and philosophical, have the best and most rational conception of the powet and goodness of the Creator. In this view of the case, no event which ever happened in the world, is, or could be, so great as this event; and the consequences which ‘low from it, viz., the bliss and happiness of those who re- ceive the Divine Word to guide and teach them» are no less great. It 18, therefore, a day of un. usual importance, and ef extraordinary joy and gladness to all Christian people: and accordingly, all such people hail the day as a day dedicated to joy and merry-making. In this view of this great event, we add our congratulations to our patrons and the public, on this glad and joyful day; and, as it was the dawn of “peace on earth, and good-will toward men,” so we sincerely wishfthat all whom our pages reach may richly enjoy this day, no merely in ite momentary eojoyments and bodily supplies, but in the solid and permanent felicity which it was destined to accomplish for all man- kand Important Post Office Report. We give in our columns this morning, the im- portant report of Major Hobbie to the Postmaster General. It is of considerable interest to the public, and we advise every one to read it, The resolution of Mr. Gott, providing for taking the incipient step towards the abolition of the lave trade in the District of Columbia, has pro- ced considerable excitement among the politi- s at Washington, as well as some strong, jy passages and terrible threats in the news- The resolution in question merely in- ‘the Committee on the District of Columbia to report a bill for the abolition of buying and selling slaves in the capital. Several technical votes were taken on the general subject, in a particular way, which were in most cases defeated, until the final vote on the passage of the resolution was taken, which resulted a3 follows:— Fags rates Onthenoti'e Onordering On the pas- tolay on the themrin — eageof the table. ‘question, ‘resolution, iy ale gy 5 = 3% 4% x ze Prag Pag ; ie tages aR RAD ag Ae) i Raa 4s - ‘—- - q—- — é- i‘i- ad q--— 5 5 9 -— 1 a= 1 7 -—- t= - 25-5 8 1 23: =- 3s 1 “a Ww 2 1 n@— 8 3 2 2 3 1 c-— 1 i 8 8 8 8 wié«4T 16 2 6 8 2% 8 2 3 iJ 6 3 2 6 2 2 Bee Qala ee ey 2 1 2 1 - 3s- — i z- li- 1 2 a w 39 8 MT MH Sovrngny Braves, ‘ - 1 2 8 1 —- 6 1 - 5 4 8 3 - 2m 8 2 s *¢ | a oe ae - 8 a- gs = @€ 8 2 —- 6 3 3s 6. & = fees 8 1 a 1 > ie - ie -~- -~- ¢4= 136 8 = 8 a 2 4 6 2 - 9 2 2 2 2 1 — 4 1 1 ea nilit eetematard 1 =f Sos 7t 1 1 1 - 1 1 6 47H UM = 7 2 On pas. sage. % @ 23 eye eT? 2 & & 3 ter geet ee aaa | eae ree ie ee veeelS GG SL 88 27 se = & Nay: 5 of — &@ Bw Ww Abs'tornotyot'g40 2 65 30 2 a Total..... 19 91 290 189 91 2H 189 By this vote, it will be seen that the first prac- tical step has been taken, that may lead ultimately to the abolition of slavery in the District of Colum- bia. The agitation of the question must, however, stop at that point, as, under the constitution, Con- gress has no power to interfere, in any way, with the institution of slavery in any of the Southern States; nor do we believe that any crisis of aflairs, or the progress of mere fanatical opinion, will ever venture i2 Congress to transcend the limits of the constitution—to invade the original compact of the Union—which secures to'the Southern States per- fect immunity from all interference by the North. em or free States, with their right of property in slaves. The union of the States was based on that principle of forbearance, and to the limita- tions laid down m the constitution itself; and al denunciations growing out of any special legis! lation in Congress over the District of Columbia” on this subject, will only be a matter of nine days* excitement in either the North or the South. The people of this country—both Northern and South« ern—are eminently practical; and they will not allow themselves to be carried away in such a manner as to jeopardize the comfort, the peace, the prosperity, of the country, on account of the violent excitement and foolish ebullitions of the two ultra parties in Washington--that of the South or that of the North. Previous to the reception of the report that | may be expected from the committee on this subject, and to the debate consequent there- on, there will be a great deal of excitement out of Congress, in the newspapers, and in yarious parts of the country, particularly in the South, and more particularly in South Caro- lina. Already the letter writers from Washing ton describe the glowing eloquence of Southern members around the House, 1n the lobbies, out of doors—everywhere. We are prepared for these beautiful and exciting descriptions; for politicians, be they eectional or otherwise, must fume and fret to the fullest extent, m orderto make their constituents believe that they are inearnest. The newspapers are taking up the same tone. Mr. Ritchie, the government journalist, now luxuriat- | ing on the cool side of seventy, warms up on the subject, as if he were a young jan, just out of his teens. He threatens and tears away, in conse- quence of this attempt to interfere with Southern institutions, which he believes are menaced by this first practical attempt to abolish the slave trade in the District of Columbia. The anti-slavery men of the North will be equally warm, equally con- vinced, and equally resolute; and if the great mass of sensible people throughout the Union—in the uth, as well as in the North, in the East and in the West—had not more coolness and delibera- tion than their Senators and members of Congress, and their journalists of all kinds have, it would be an unhappy thing for the Union of these States, and the glory of the American name. But we do not apprehend much danger, even it a law should be passed abolishing the slave trade in the District of Columbia. Congress has the power to do it; and if it choose to exercise that power, it will be no | infringement on the constitution—no menace towards the mghts of the South, which are se- cured to them by the express words of the constitution. When that instrument isinvaded it will be time enough to talk, as some of the ultras | do, about secession, dissolution of the Union, and the breaking up of the present confederacy. We cannot help thinking, however, that all these me- naces, and all this excitement, have been brought on by the ultras of South Carolina, just as much as they have been by those of Massachusetis and the Northern States. These men, at the two ex- tremes of the Union, have agitated the general | question so much as to compel the great mass of | the representatives from the North to follow the | original convictions and impulses of Northern sentiment inthat matter, which of course are in | opposition to slavery. The present revolutionary state of Europe, the smgular position and example presented by the United States, all concur in giv- ing to this agitation for the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, a fresher and keener edge | than ever has marked the discussion of any ques- tion for the last fifty years. As for the Californian and New Mexican question, and the Wilmot pro- viso, they are a mere bagatelle; and we do not sup- pose, although Congress may talk incessantly con- cerning them, that the members will be permitted to legislate on the question of slavery, in relation to these territories, at all, The population in those regions will settle them as free States, long before Congress will have finished discussing the first resolution on the subject. In the midet of all this, we really would advise the South, instead of wasting their strength, lungs, and pens, in a minor matter, and on a topic within the limits of the constitution, that they should commence at once the agitation of the great quea- tion of the annexation of Cuba; and that would test the strength of the North, and draw a dividing line between the practical men and the fanatics, In that the South would triumph, for we are per- fectly satisfied that they could accomplish the pur- pose in the course of a few years. _ Dratns on THE LAKR.—A week ago last Mon- day, alake boat, on the passage from Moriah to ‘Westport, laden with iron ore, was suddenly capsized bya ete squall, and the men on board, jm number, ‘alt jrowned. We learn that one was « young 4 Clark, from Vergennes. As to the others, bodi been found. The ore was washed, by the motion of the water, into one end of the hold,s0 that the other'end of the vessel came to the top of the wa- ter, shortly after the socident,—Burlington (V1) Courier. Aspect of the Thirty-First Congress. The tollowing is the aspect of the next Congress; jonate. Natives in Small Capitals; Demecrate ked F. 8, are Eyee Soilere. Term Micmicaw, Expires, omas o, 1865 Alpheus Felch. MissouRt, 1855 ico, E. Badger, ‘Omro, iL F ga Corwin... Inuinors, ODE Albert C, Greene John H, Clarke. ..« . Sourn Carona, MAssacnuserra. Daniel Webster John Davis ry Reverdy Johnson, James A. Pearee. mace Wuscoxn. lenry Dodge. Democrat. ators, Senatorate be elected... Whigs, elected and to be elected,. . Denberste, elected and to be bot appointment from the Governor, until the Legisla- ture, which is to be elected in August next, meets in December following. It is quite probable that the whigs may have a majority in the Legislature, if the counties and Senate districts vote as they did atthe Presidential election, the Taylor electoral ticket running ahead 1n the counties which elect a majority of the Senators and members of the lower House. The present Governor appointed for the two vacancies in the U. S. Senate, Benj- Fitzpatrick and William R. King—the latter to serve until the 4th of March next, or until the Legis- lature chooses a successor, if the Governor reap- point him. The two vacancies were cauzed by the resignation of Mr. Bagby, now Minister to Russia, and the death of Mr. Dixon H. Lewis. In’ the next Senate, besides John P. Hale, of New Hampshire, who was elected by the votes of whigs and liberty democrats, there will be seve- ral democrats who may be classed as free soil men, viz: Jones and Dodge, of Iowa, although elected forts are also making in IIlinors to elect a free soil democrat in place of Sidney Breese, whose term thy of remark that Mr. Benton is considered by many as a free soil-man; and it 1s known that, since his vote last session in favor of the Oregon bill, by which slavery was excluded from that ter- ritory, he is not as fully in the confidence of the Southern democrats as formerly. It 1s difficult, however, at this time, to say how aflect parties in the Senate ; as such questions have heretofore had a tendency to obliterate party lines. Divided geographically, however, the whigs and democrats in the next Senate, leaving out the senators to be elected in Alabama and Ohio, will stand as follows :— Dem, Whiz. Free States. . sone IS if Slave States Decsiee 16 12 Mii lien eiyeicae Vieresgariy at ly 04 BES? 0 In the whig column we place John P. Hale, of New Hampsnire ; and in the Democratic column Whitcomb, of Indiana, and other free soil demo? crats. Should the whigs be enabled to elect the sena- tors to fill the vacancies in Pennsylvania, Ohio and Alabama, the Senate, after December next when the two Alabama senators are to be chosen» will stand thus :—Democrats, 31 ; whig, 29, in? cluding Hale of New Hampshire. With regard to the action of the Senate in re- ference to Gen. Taylor's administration, we are of opinion that it will be- difficult to combiiie the democratic senators in an organised opposition, rials ; for how can Messrs. Calhoun, Hunter, Yulee and Butler, act in harmony with Messrs. Benton, Houston, and the free soil democrats ? Notwithstanding a nominal democratic majority we therefore think that the new administration, discretion, will have but little to apprehend from the Senate in the way of opposition. House of Representatives. Dist. ARKANSAS. New York. 1—Rotert W. Johnson, 26—W. 1. Jackson, DELAWARE. 27—W. A. Sackett, 1—John W. Houston, 28—A. M. Schermerhorn, LOR IDA, 29—Kob't L, Rose. 1-E. C, Cabell. 4—John Van Dyke. 5 James G. King. Inraxors, 1—Wn. H. Biseoll. 11—JohnK. Miller, 12—Samuel F, Vinton, 1—Elbridge Gerry. 2—Nathanicl 8. Littlefield, 3—John Otis. 4—Ru/fus K. Goodenow, 5—Cuilen Sawtelle. 6—Charles Stetson. 7—Thos. J. D. Faller. MAtsactivserrs, 1—Kobt. C, Winthrop. 2—No choice. 3—James I. Duncan, 2—Joseph M. Root. F.8. No choice. IENNSVLYANTA, 5—No choice. 1—Lewis C, Levin. 6—George Asinun. 2—Jos, R. Chandler, T—Juliue Rockwell. 3—Henry D. Moore, &—Horace Mann, 4—tJohn Robbins, Jz. Y—No choices, 5—John Ereedley, W—Joreph (irinnelt. Ross. 8. 7—Jesse C, Dickey. &—Thaddeus Stevens, 9-Wnr, Strone. M—Cherter mation ater Bull 1—James B. Bowlin 12—David Wilmot. F.8, 2—Wm. V.N. Bay. ie-dorend Case Jame 8. Green. 14—Charles Ag 4—Willard P. Hal, 15—Henry Ne . MeLanahat 17—Samuei Calvin, 1S—A. Jackson Ogle, 19—Job Mann.! D—R. R, Reed. 2i— Moses Hampton. b—Jobn 8. Piiclps. New Yorx. 1—John A. King. 2—Darid A. Boke, S—J, Phillsps Phorniz, 4-“Watter Underhill, 5—George Briggs, 22—Joan W. FF 6—James Brooks, 23. james ope” 7—William Nelson, ‘24—Alfred Gilmore. sR. Hallovay, Sovrn Carouina, 9—Thomas Mchissock, 1—Daniel Wallace. 10—Herman D Gould, 2—1J. L, Orr. A. Wor rd, 7H. b Alerander, 1—Wr % le—Preston King, F. 8. 2—Wm: Ilebard, 19—Charles b Clarke. 3—Geo, P, Marth, 2-0. B, Mattison, 4—L, B. Peck, 21—Biram Walden. Wraconatn. 22—Henry Burnett, 1—Charles Durkee, F. Benes Duer. 2—Orsamus Cole. =Daniel Cott. . Doty. 25—Hurmon 8, Conger. nat * This seat is to be cantested by Daniel F, Miller, whig, tn couequence of the election of the poll book of the kanes? ie Precinct. } This wate tobe contasiog by Tobn 8 Bit, J is eeatis to be contested john itt ray Wl on AO taintofallered frnad in the rotns from Rchmond seathe do "ona. pu by seat is to be contested by Mr. Duncan (whig) for alleged rT THE RESULT IN FIGURES. New Conaness. On i his " Wien Lineal 1 - a . 1 om 1 - { ‘ 4 ‘4 Pecmmcntl H 6 1 6 1 a e 3 2 H 3 4 1 ‘ 1 8 u n 0 9 n 1 re Sm i Bed ce le 61 or FA “6 i | Whig majority thus faz,,,, 24 ‘Total number of Representatives ‘Members already elected , ‘Mem bers to be eleoted. ‘* Wisconsin is now entitled to three members. CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS YET TO BE HELD IN THE SEVERAL STATES. Alabam: 6 Miseiesi Nov.5 | Copnecti ree rors ane 6 ug. 6 Carol Aug. 2 Rhode Island 4 . Apr. South Curolina (1 vas =| South Curolini (i vacsicy) place, we assume, for the purpose of making a ca!- culation on the probable division of parties in the next House ef Representatives, that the votes of the people in the several Congressional districts will be the same, politically, that they were at the recent Presidential election; that in those dis- tricts where Taylor had a majority, whigs will be | chosen to Congress; and where Cass had a ma- | jority, democrats will be elected. In such case, | the following will be the result :— | as democrats by a party vote; Whitcomb, of In- | diana, and the two Senators from Wisconsin. Ef- expires on the 4th of March next. Its also wory | questions respecting restrictions on slavery will | composed as it must be, of very discordant mate- | supposing them to act with due moderation, and | shoul Nw Goncazss, Ory Onxcmess Massactusotta (vacancies)... 4° rf esa geuth Caroling" (do - 3 F jew Bampahire, = Connecticut, . ‘ { a 4 1 pia bi 8 6 9 or 5 6 3 4 3 2 5 6 5 5 6 A i ‘ H Pet a i $ fa | 2 4 2 1 3 1 3 a re 2 Total to be elected 0 « ay Members already el 7 7 C3 Ta csonavicn 7 is “1a Probable whig majority in next House.........37 “The nominal whig majority in the present House was 6; but this majority has been aflected at vari- ous times by the movements of the free soil whigs and of Levin, the whig native member from Phila- delphia. There canbe no doubt of a decided whig ma- jority in the next House, over both democrats and free soilmen. Of the latter, probably twelve or fourteen will be the highest they will number when. all the elections have been held, which will not be sufficient to enable them to hold the balance of power. They will represent districts in the fol- lowing States, (allowing one each from New Hampshire and Massachusetts. ) and two from those of the democratic. Possibly two or three free soil members may be chosen from Indiana. City Intelligence. Cunistwas 1s Hene.—Well, Christmas has again come, and with it a season of pleasure. It has for weeks past been looked forwith anticipations of delight by those who expected a present on the occasion. Yes- terday, though an unpleasant day, was spent by many in preparing for the merry Chrismas morn, and the children were delighted on awaking to find that old Santa Claus had made his annual visits, and their stocking, which had been hung up for the occasion, filled with oakes and candies, upon which they have already feasted, and now prepare for a Christmas visit, to while away an hour with a playmate and scheol-fel- low. But to those who are just entering upon the stage of maturity, it isan occasion fraught with interest. ‘The fair form of the maiden glides to and from the win- dow of her abode, anxiously expecting the arrival of him who has laid his suit before her, and on this por- tentous era is to receive the smiling favor or frowning displeasure of her to whom he has laid open the secrets of his heart, and sues for the heart of the fair defendant to make course through life happy and tranquil. The usual ceremonies of society are partially forgotten, and the exchange of visits begins with the early morn. The aged wan. whose hairs are whitened by the frosts of many winters, sits at the foot of the festal board; while the staid matron presides at the head, both of whom relate the tories of days long sluce pacs0d, aaa the group around listen with pleasurable delight to the doings of the days of the childhod of the parental pair. The ale on, and the church bells ring their calls to wors! (4 Isit worship? Within the walls of that stately edifice. whose towers reach far up towards = eens — minister Macey d surrounded by the lecorations of evergreens, of the endurin, mercy of Him whose birth thee celebrat ‘TELEGRAPHIC INTELLIGENCE, a ‘The Cholera In New Orleans, Ba.timmonz, Deo. 29, 1848, i ‘The New Orleans papers of the 16th instant, havee come to hand. They contain the certifioates of seve. ral physicians, which state that the cholera at thes Charity Hospital in that city,wasof the real Asiatie & type. Four deaths bad already ocurred, and several n more severe cases were reported. The Sugar Crop in Louisiana. Baxtimons, Dec. 29, 1848, We learn from Louisiana that the sugar crop at about Attakapas is nearly destroyed. * ereetatewrs TheatricaPand Musical, Bowrnr Tuearre.—It seems as if the managers are, determined to celebrate Christmas day this year with } even more than usual style, as each one is striving to outvie his rivals im the bill they present to the public & for to-day. At the Bowery there will be no less than } three performances this day, viz: at 10 A. M.,and a¢ 1gand7 P.M. ; aud each of them will be most inte- | reating ones. The one at 10 A. M. will be @ novel one, + asit will consist efthe cage exercises of Herr Dries-. bach'with hisfanimals. And in order to afford a + more favorable view of the goings on, all persons pree | sent in the theatre at that hour will bs admitted to the stage from the audience pat of the theatre, in order | that es may closely view the animals, upon which | Herr Driesbach will give @ lecture, describing acou- rately the manner of their capture, their style of ' training, &c., &c. Such anjexhibition cannot fall to be ofthe greatest interest, and we doub: not great numbere of our citizens will avail themselves of this cppertenity, The afternoon sist of the grand romantic spectacle of “Mu: which hasbeen so much applauded during H present epgagement,and in which such extraordinary feats are performed by him with his from its attractiveness, as far as tl cerned, this pies considerable and the various characte: ‘amatic interest, in it are woll played by N. B Clarke, Winai Jordan, Mrs. Herbert, &c. The farce of “Crimson Crimes” will precede ‘Mungo Park,” and the first act of “Robert Macaire’ clude this performance. The evening perfor will also be highly attractive; the be: d'action, called the “Abduction of Nina,” will Signora Ciocesa, Signor Neri, Mr G. W. Smi the excellent corps de balie: opportunity of appear- ing to great advantage. The elegance and grase of the principal dancers is too well known to the Bowery audiences to require any further eulogy from us yThe using farce of Johnny Atkin«’ Voyage to the ill bring out the comic acting of Winans. The splendid spectacle of the “Lion of the Desert”? will introdnce Herr Driesbach with all his animels. And the grand esstern romance of “El Hyder will conoludethe entertainments No one can say that the manager of the Bowery does not do his part to afford amusements tothe public on this day of festi- vity. We have no doubt that the house will be well filled all day. Broapway Taratre.—The grand romantic specta- cle, “Monte Cristo,” from the celebrated novel by Alexander Dumas, for the first time on any stage im the United States, will be presented here this evening, and from its novelty and general attractions, will be found a most splendid Christmas offering to the nume- rous patrons of this fashionable theatre. The dramatic persone embrace a powerful variety of leading theatri- cal talent, amongst whom are Lester, Vache, Dyo Hadaway, Baker, Fredericks, Miss F.’Wallack, Mri Isherwood, Mrs. Abbott. oc. &o. The bills of the di fe voluminous detail of the material scenery, ta- leaux, and gorgeous style in which this new dramatic representation will be introduced. The work upon which it is founded. has already been read with aviait by the many admirers of the writings of the celebrate author, and its production upon the public boards, in the present shape, invests it with more than ordi interest. The spacious edifice, scenery, tal beautiful decorations. with which the P nted, will make this one of the most superb day entertainments in the theatrical line to be gi in the city this evening It will draw a vast crow and we earnestly recommend it asa powerful exhibi- tion of dramatic excellence, Nationa Turatne.—Chanfrau is first and foremost always in getting up rich entertainments ; andon a holiday like this day, one may be sure he will not lag behind in the general race. The bill for the perform- ances shows he bas not been idle, as.it is crammed with gocds things from beginning to end. Two perform- ‘ances will take place. viz., one at 2and another at 7 P. M., and both of them will be capital ones. The first one will consist of the farces of * Lend me Five Shillings,’ “The Youth who never saw a Woman,’ and a new Christmas pantomime, called “ Harlequin and the Fairy of the Golden Wheatsheaf” In the first farce, Mr. W. B. Chapman will take th Mr. Golightly, whcse unfortunate deficit of fiv him so much trouble, and the audienc: Pd 2 caus mue! fun; ani merry and active harlequin, (Mr. Colladin e and the beautiful Columbine, (Miss Carline,) will lead the poor clown and pantaloon (Davis and Taylor) a merry “ Unto us a child is born, a son is give! me shall beW on<lerful Counseller,the Everlasting] Father, the Prince of Peace,and the ruling of the nations shall be upon his shoullers.”” The day will soon be forgot- ten. enes of worship and hilarity will be thought of as among the things that were. Tue CuoLens.—From the report of the Health Officer, made yesterday to the Mayor, it will be seen the Cai is on the decline. The following ir the report :— Quarantine, December 24, 1848, His Honor tHe Mavon—One new oase of cholera, | andjone death, have occurred at the Marine Hospital since the report of yesterday. There are no new cases | among the passengers of the ship New York. Respectfally, ALEX, B. WHITING, Health Officer. There are no new cases in the city. Crimiwat Neoucence —There is now in Trinity place, one of the most narrow thoroughfares in the city, an old pump, occupying one half the side-wal the well of which been open for several day: | those who are not in the daily habit of vi | that part of the cit; an iting y pass there at night, there is every foauy death would be the result. It is to be oped that the danger will be at once removed. | _ Dearn ny 4 StuNG Suot.—The Coroner held an | inquest Pees , on the body of John Kehoe, who died on Friday nlint last from the effects of a blow on | the head with @ slung shot, alleced to have been in- fiicted by Thomas Hadden, on the evening of the 22d | of November last. It appears from the evidence taken before the jury that Hadden and a man named Camp- | bell were pasting out of an entry or alley at No. 95 | Cherry street, and came acrossa drunken man With | this drunken man an altercation took place, and Ke- hoe, who was passing at the time, hearing the cry for | help come from the drunken man, stepped in to give | assistence. and in so doing oneguntercd, Hadden, who but did he took hold of and pushed him into a room. | not strike him. then pulled out and is ssid to have inflicted a blow on the hoe, which bled considerably at the tim Kehoe has Hngered, and finally expired. ‘The jury, on hearing the facts in the case, rendered the following verdict : That John Kehoe eame to his death by inju- ries on the head inflicted by a sluug shot. by ‘Thomas Hadden, on the evening of Nov. 22d, 1848. at the house of Patriek Kane, No. 95 Cherry street. The deceased was thirty two _— of and a native of Ireland. afew 8 ago. the particulars more full on of Hadden, which is unnecessary now to re- Not vet Dean.—The woman, Maria Kloster, who wae stabbed by Front Geiger, in the bloody affray at the corner of Henry and Walnut streots, on Friday last, is not dead yet, and some hopes are entertained by the surgeon at the city hospital that she msy pos- sibly recover; ifso, her story. relating to the facts in in matter, will be comewhat interesting as to the origin of the affray. Dir From tHe Borxinc.—The poor old colored wo: man, Julia Ogden, who was so dreadfully burn Saturday, by her clothes taking fre, at her residence, No, 65 Franklin street, died yesterday morning from the effects of the injuries received. The Dedication of the Church of St. Nichoins. The new Roman Catholic Church of St. Nicholas, in Second street, near Avenue A, was dedicated to the worship of God yerterday morning, by the Right Rev, | Bishop Hughes. The house was crowded to ita utmost } capaci ity, and the ceremonies were of the most impos- ing character. There were several clergymen present, all of whom took part in the dedication. The marching of the congregation around the church, the Rev. Bishop and clergy in front, the burn- ing of incense and the sprinkling of holy water upon the walls, ore of the purity of the Church of Christ, were imposing and interesting. When they entered the church, the altar consecrated in the e manner, by burning of incense and sprinkling. The exterior of the church {s of brown stone, in the Gothic style of architecture, while the interior is one of the most magnificently finished houses of worship in the city. ¢ wood: work is of walnut, in the st; for th Patan pA Rade dit ae wksle of Bountiful marble, decorated wi it, the whole presenting » | most beautiful appearance. ‘2 . ‘The Rey. Bishop delivered the dedicatory address from the following words ;--I have rejoiced in the things which were said to me. We shall go into the house of the Lord.’ He dwelt particularly upon worship ag being but the emblem of the interior of the Christian heart, which was composes of the constitu- ent parte, viz.; prayer, praise, and thankegiving. He was most fluent, and in a clear light portrayed the duty of the minister of God, who, he raid, was but the instrument, Christ himeelf being al recess After the sermon high mass was celebrated by the Rev. Father Rubeso. e Rev. Father Pottgeisor then delivered an eloquent discourse in the German lan- , after which the con ition was dismissed During the whole proceedings there was an air of so- lemnity rarely witnersed in the other branches ef the Christian church. The building cost $30,000, the whole of which is paid, Avorngr Narrow Escarr —In the case of Dr. Ingalle, for rape, tried in Supreme Court, East Cam- bridge, the jury, after being out seven hours, came in last night disagreed. ey stood 9 inflexible for conviction, two rather inclined to convict, and one decided tor an acquittal. On the trial a year ogo the jury stood 10 for conviction to 2.—Boston ‘ost. Fire mm Saco, Mz.—A serious fire had occurred in Saco, Me, Fight stores were burned, and pro- perty to the estunated amount of about $20,000 deatroyed. dance. The scenes will represent many well knowa city localities, and the tricks will be new and amusing. The scenery, machinery. and properties, are all new, and Uy up Co aed for this pantomime. which will no doubt be hig! iy successful. The evening entertain- ment will consist of the drama of the “Children in the Wood;”, Mr. J. R. Scott playing the partof Wal- ter; the favorite domestic drama of the “ Golden Far- mer,” with C. W. Clarke as the farmer, and that capi- tal comic actor T.G. Booth asthe immortal Jemmy Twitcher. Booth is an excellent young actor, and we are glad to see his name enrolled among those of the members of the Nationai Theatre company. The o brated brothers Henry and Samuel, whose engage- ment we have before spoken of, will also ma&ke their first sppeerues in their classical /ab/eauz and combats. ‘They bring with them a great European reputation, which they will no doubt fully sustain to-night The new pantemime will conclude the performances, and we can fully guarantee those whe attend the National to-day a rare time, as all hands are determined to do their very best. Bunton’s Toeatre.—The original burletts, “ Cali- fornia Gold Mines,” which has already been presented with so much success, will be repeated this evening” Every one desirous of emigrating to California, and who wishes to receive profitable instructions, should look in here and take a lesson. The first act and scene various parts of New York, and the second, cramento, in California, The whole isa hu- morous and admirably got up burletta, which will be acted for the eighth time at this popular theatre. The burlesque ope Lucy did Sham Amour,’ will also, be performed hy a highly talented cast, in which Misa Chapman, as Lucia, will display her inimitable tale ‘The favorite burletta, by Mr. am, “ The Cot terfeit Presentments,” and “Where's Barnum? will wind up the performance. This bill will be found at- tractive, in every re and the highly talentedcom- pany attached to this excellent theatre will appear in full strength, and show off in their brightest colors. Mr. Burton will be particularly effective in the new indeecribability, “ Where's Barnum?” ‘Those who look in here this evening, will have a rich treat, Parx Tueatre Oncurstra.—A grand Musical Fes- tival, forthe benefit of the musicians attached to th® jate Park Theatre, whose instruments were consumed by the late disastrous fire, will como off next Saturday evening. Nearly all the leading artists of this city have kindly volunteered their services, and every thing is now fairly under way. Mr. Mi retzek is indef tigable in bis exertions to and Timm, with most of the Italia will appear on that evening, we h that this benevolent action will meet with reciprocal c-0) tion by the citizens of New York, in Billing the rnacle on that evening. Cunisty’s Minstrecs.—Christmas has come again, and, as it is well for every bs to enjoy themselves on this day, the Christys have laid themselves out to afford. as much amurement as they can on the oecasion. They have accordingly looked over their long list of songs; examined into the various merits of their dif- ferent dances ; cast aside all the jokes tha’ in the leaet anciquated, and got up a lot of fresh and rac ones; returned their banjos, violins, accordeons, ant tambourine; whilst “Bones” has made eculiar instruments round as cloar as the be: nets; and, in fact, every thing has been pu: in pe: order, to give the Christmas folks this day two of the best concerts the Christy Minstrela have ever yet given, AtSand8P.M, thon, they will be on hand; and, as when Christy undertakes to do anything extra well, it issure to “come off,’ those who go to-day, will be sure of hearing most admirable Ethiopian music. Tne New OnreansSunexangns will, this day, give two entertainments, viz one at 3 P.M the Stuyve- sant Institute, and another at’ I'M at the Broad- way Tabornacie, in both of which they will introdace a moat elegant varicty of their best songs.imitations of italian opera singers, instrumental performanees, &c. The excellence of this company has been well tested by the New York public for many weeks now, and the universal opinion is, that their entertainments are among the beat of the kind that have ever been pre- rented. ag Baro refined, and still humorous. Col- lings, Swaine, Rainer, Burke and Sanford, are all first rate singers, and worthy of the attention of all lovers of scientific music; whilst little Ole Ball's performance on the violin is, indeed, most excellent, andfally en- titles him to the name he bears. Once mors, we com- mend the concert of the New Orleans Serenaders to the most favorable attention of all the holiday folks, an well as the public in general, « Minernene— Carne Thet Campbells are coming” to-day, ture enough. as they give no lose than three different concerts, vi 1A. M., and 4734 P.M., and each concert will be a fail and origipul ove. ‘The very great favor with which these elegant artists have been always received in New York, will, no doubt, bring day, crowds of their admire none will various new songs, dances, day introduce, In the evening will eppess in oltizens dress, without col will sing a mumber of most beautiful and ‘orite ballads, quartettes, trios, &e, Crosby, Hermann, 1, Wert Peel, Abbott, Burdett, and the other bo the company, will today show their fri Christmas entertainment ought to be.) Writk's Sraenanens —These aplondid mins commence a series of elegant Rthloplan tonsa e A | Stoppani Hall, this gf They will give one at thre and another at eight, P. M.; and the program be, on both oconsions, # most suitable one for ¢! 4 ’ .