The New York Herald Newspaper, July 17, 1848, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERA NO. 5155. NEW YORK, MONDAY MORNING, JULY 17, 1848. Kuropean Correspo..dence, Lowpon, June 39, 1343. Parliamentary Intelligence Postage Rates---The Acerdiat tthe Hibernia, §c. §c. As there is not aay intelligence of a riotous na- ture to commu'e.te, I may as well open my let- ter with the putliamentary news of the week,— Until last night, there has been nothing broaght ander debate of importance. A very long an! t»- ious discus-10" occup ed the attentior. ofthe House - of Commons during t \¢ greater part of tour or five evenings, relative tv a dispatch that is missing reter- ring tothe col: nial office. Lord Geo. Bentinck, the protectionist leader, cannot}remain quiet, (not- withstanding his asserted intention ot retiring, a few weeks back) so, because nothing better comes before him, he brought charges against every one en- trusted with the mauagement of the colonies, indalg- ing’ too grots personal: ier, as well as giving veat to un- ntary language. The adjourved debate upon the question of the su. ar di was brought to a conclusion at late hour Site mors ng after some smurt speaking. Minist-rs, however, Only Mau » mujority of 15, and even this is owing fo the tance of Sir Robert Peel, who wa very ‘lequent tr t uight The small majority jus; mamed, is virtu@hy a ‘efrat; for it is monstrous to @ that a: y ..¥ Fnment can go on wita that in- piguitieant cverpins, it is the accredited report thas the question will be rejected when brought before th House of Lords there being #0 many of the aristocracy who will suffer + vere losses if the measure were to pass; ccmsequen lyf twli be met with decided oppo- ai In a late letter of mine, 1 named “six weeks'’ as ths obable time the present ministry would be in power. Hy prediction would not have been very wrong if las. evening's debite had been allowed to have been a ministerial measure, but Lord John Rursell strove m ght and main, t» make it an open question, by which ameans he su-ceeded in getting the magnanimous ma- jority of 15. Berid:s himaclf, there are only two pasties who could Atala be placed in power, the protec- tionist, with Lord Stanley at their head, or Sir Ro ‘bert Peel and hi- followers. The former stand but a ‘very bad chavce. as you well know ; the latter being the favorite, who if he would really consent to become the “people's man would, as long as he continued to hold cflice, have a large majority at his back. [ en- closea summary of th parliamentary proceedings dur- ingthe past week, in order that your readers may lean more minut+ pxrticulars than in the space of a etter | can porsitly give. Mr. Hume’s motion for extended reform, will again be ‘discusred on 6h July While the debate upon this ques- tion isoccupying the attention of Parliament the out-of- door adherents of the movement are exceedingly quict, waiting. | have no doubt, to see what the executive will do for them, before they commence a powerfal agi- | tation. You must nt understand from this, that their meetings have been entirely sucpended. but that they ‘are less numerour. and at the came time exhibit more patience and mod/ration. The only semblance of a ublic gathering «f this body lately, has been the pub- ko dinver given by the reformers of Marylebone, to their members. Ax fut #8 political agitation is concerned, everything is remarkably quiet, nota chartist even ‘ventures to disturb the peace of the town. Ireland is also'tranquil!, although efforts are’ being strenuously amade by the clubs to enrol amongst their members, the rural population. With thisexception, there is no isquietude; indeed, co thorougly have the government | t the upper hand in that country, that the rumor of the Queen and Prince Albert going in the autumn to Dublin, gaine general credence. Conciliation Hall is inalanentable t-te; no one cares now to take the deadership, vince Daniel O’Connel and Tom Steele Dave gone. John O'Connell seems irresolute, whether to retire into private life, or give his sanction to the xepealparty. Probably he will do neither, by adopting the vie media. ‘The exceedingly heavy charges upon American and other newspapers, ccming into this country, are a for- midable barrier to their circulation, and are exciting some great degree of attention. Mr Simmonds is about to agitate the matter in his Colonial Magazine, and the subject will be likewise taken up by several gentle- men of influence connected with the press, If maga- gines, for instance. were ullowed to be sent abroad at a rate of sixpence each, it would be a rystem that would ‘de g’adly welcomed, «nd alro afford # large revenuy to the Pest Office. Books are circulated in En: throvgh the post. at the rate I have name Te- strictions being that they must be open at the ends, and oc6ntaip no writing except such as is allowed by the cfileinl regulations, Supposing this to be carried into practice for books ete, going to places abroad, swhat 4 wonderful convenience it would be! Mr, Row- Jand Hill bas not by any means been idle since he had 1he management of the Post Office, and there are g0047 prounds for hoping thet he will be induced to turn bis attention to the matter | have mentioned. 7T Spitalfield ball, to be given at Drury Lane ‘Theatre for the benefit of the distressed weavers, has already an immense nuwber of subscribers, and | ‘notbimg is heard of but quadrilles. formed from histo- zy, by the menibers of the aristocracy, by whom it will | ‘be rupported Itis now definitely arranged that Mr. Macready, the eminent tragedian will shortly leave usto visit the Dnited Statee. where he will perform a series of his fa- vorite characters. On the Wth July,a farewell bencfit « swill take place, by the special command of the Queen, -on whieh occasion he will will perform Cardinal Wol- sey in“ Henry the +ighth,” and Mr, Oakley, in the Jealous Wife.’ It i anticipated that it will be 4 very splendid sight, for Nir Macready is a man highly re- spected here, besides which. as ber Majesty has signi- | fea her intention of visiting the theatre in state. there ds no question but that the house will be crammed to uffceation, He will be assisted by several of the most emirent actors and act) essef now in London. Lart Monday | heft Ry ph Waldo Emerson lecture at one of the literary in-titutione, on the “Suverlative in Literature avd Manners His oration was very eloquent; and crowded with practical truths His last lect vre will take place to night at Exet-r Hall, being for ihe benefit of the early closing movement. for which association he has alrealy delivered two rations, which have, I believe. reaiized a considerable profit. A re- form dinner, on a small scale—the one I have already glluded to—was,iven oulWednesday might to the two members for the borough of Marylebone—Lord Dudley Stuart and Sir Berjamin Hall. “There were some tole- rably clever epeerher delivered by some of th» mem- bers who were at the dinner—George Thompson for in- stance ; but with this exception, it was rather an exe clusive affair. For the last five or six years, a great number of work- men have been ngaged in erecting @ very superb Ro- man Catholic Chapel in St. George's Fields, about a ‘mile and s half from London Bridge, the progress of = ihjeh has been o¢ca:ionally impeded by a scarcity of fuffas. At length the sum has been collected; the ‘Duilding is row compicted, and will be opened and consecrated on Tuesday next, It will be a splendid Dr. Wiseman, the Roman Catholic Bishop tor ropolitan districts, wil preside, and be assisted by the whole pontifical brethren in England, who will specially come to town for the ceremony. Tho Duilding is a very gorgeous and handsome structuro: it is said the principal nave islarger than that of West- aminster Abb-y; besides which. it has aconvent or nun- nery attached, in order to give accommodation to some Sisters of Charity who will take up their residence in the Cathedral The Hibernia. which arrived here on the 2ist, had a ‘very marrow ercape No blame is, however. attributa- Dle to the Captain; but, on the contrary, the passen- ger award ty him the highest praise. ‘Tt appears she assed through the Nerth Channel, and was ruoning Liverpool, in « thick fog Captain Shannon judged Trem bia couree that he niust be to the westward of the Calf of Man; but wet feeling it secure to rely altoze- ter vpon that judgment, be frequently stopped the en y)nes, in order toget correct soundings, aud when in, the act ting a eart of the lead, about haif-past ix, she dri the Calf.stem on. As she had no way ‘Upon her the concussion was extremely slight; still It ‘was sufficient to alarm the passengers. particularly the female portion of tiem The captain instantly order- ed the well to be rounded. when the carpenter an- nounced the weicome intelligence that there was uo Ancrease of water. The fog must have been of the most den-e decerip ion, as Mr Connal. of Mount Gawne, Our informan', ays that at the time the Hibernia ran on be was pu ding across the Sound to the Calf, ac- Sompanied by some ladies, and the obscuration of the Jand was Fo perfect that although both he and his Doat’s crew are well acquainted with overy nook and co ney ofthe Calf, they missed the landing. and it wes ‘only by the voices of the people on shore that they were able to reach it. Having been informed by rome of the parties com. ‘Bng from the divers who were at work on the wreck of hooner which sunk on the Calfsome twelve months re that a large steamer was ashore, Mr, © instantly , to her; but in doing ro it was nece sary (0 icllow every curve and sinnosity of the coast; for at tle distance of hulfa dozen yards it was entirely in- visibe. On reaching the vessel he found her as we ‘havo deecribed The appearance of a person acquainted with tho locality, and a knowledge of where they were, tended gauch to restore tranquility. The Hibernia wenton ro neerly at low water that the tide did not ebb from her After renaining about five hours rhe floated -Of, without apparently receiving any damaze, and pro- ceeded on her pursage to Liverpool, Tho ebb t de, which, at fall and change. runs with fearful rapidity An the neighborhood of the Calf, hnd «wept her imper- oeptibly to the northward. and as the land was invisi- De. the course could dot be altered so as to counteract ‘Mts influence. No shadow of blame attaches to Captain Shannon; the contrary be ix entitled to the highest praise for 0, for had he been running at oven half speed m the nature of the const. the catastrophe must have been a fatal one. She rtrack immediately under Bushel's h a spot well known to all who visit a dominions, wanting that human foresight on this eventful evening wae unavailing. we have only to sa; thet within an hour of the Hibernia. being off, the “Wincsor, of Liverpool. from Belfast, ran on shore a few yords fromthe earme spot. We have not beard what damage she eustaincd. kut belleve it was uninportant, She did not remain aground, but merely struck and rebounded off, ‘The United Stotes came into Cowes, close by Sovbthamy ton, ov the 21 Inet, on hor way to Havre de Grace, Her calling wae quite unoxy A ) and was | occasioned by having to land despatches and letters for the Consul at Southampton. She brought the the nomination for the President and Vice President of the United States Mr. Humnelauer, formerly the Austrian Charge d@’ Affaires in this country, is expected here daily to re- quest the mediation of England between the Austrian and Sardinian government I believe Sir Charles Napier, C. B., wiil shortly take command of the fleet in the Mediterrancan. There is no authentic informati-n of this change yet circu- lated. but it is generally rumored that such will be the care, in naval quarters. The Queen went down to Portsmouth about a week back, to opena new dock, just completed for the recep- tion of war steamers, which are greatly on the in- creare, The old ships are being superseded and steamn- ers are put into commission as much as possible. A navy. well supported by war steamers cauaot be any other than unusually effeotive in its operations. The funds have vuried very much lately; the latest quotations are as follows : Consols 88%; Bank Stock 190 ; Reduced Three p. cts 815; Long Annuities 8% to 11-16; India Bonds 16 to 20s prem; Exchequer Bills 20 to 82s for June. ‘The fluctuations in the value of railway shares dur- ing the week have been extensive, the market having been principally affected by the insurrection in Paris. Thisis obviou-ly the case, from the sudden restora- tion of confidence on Monday afternoon, and the ad- Vance in the quotations, both on that day and on ‘Tuesday, The quotations are :—Aberdeen, 21; Bir- micgham and Oxford Junction. 235, Bristul and Ex- oter Thirds, 14; Caledonian 29%. 34.34; East Anglian (£25. L, and’E, and L, and D.). 6%; Kast Anglian (£18, E, and H.), 4, 34; ditto (£3 108 ) 6 per cent. Pref, ; Eastern Counties, 18%, 14; ditto New Guar 6 per ent., 3. 4; ditto Extension, 5 per cent., No. 2, 14 di ditto’ Norther: Eastern, five per cent, Quar- ter Shares, 124; Eastern Union, scrip. guaranteed six per cent. 7; East Lancashire, New, 9% ex n: ditto six per cent., Quarter Shares, 2%; Ed- inburgh and Glasgow, 44 3%; Great ‘Northern, 59 %; Great North of England, New, £15, 2844; Great Western, 86, 4, 6; ditto Quarter Shares, 1 ditto Fifths. 19; Lancaster and Cerlisle, 52; Lancashire aud Yorkshire Fifths, 6%, ex n; ditto New Guaranteed six per cent., 2%; ditto Preston and Wyre, 34; ditto Haif Shares (A). 123; Leeds and Bradiord, 89, 8%; London and Blackwall, 43; London. Brighton, and South Coast, 30%, 34; ditto’ guaranteed five per cent. (late Croydon Thirds), 8; ditto, New £5, Guar. six per cent., 2; London and North-western, 120, %, 19, 21, 193g; ditto, New. 234, %; ditto Fifths, 64. 3; ditto, £10 shores, M. and B. (A.), 9; ditto, £10 shares, M. aud B. (A), 9; ditto, £10 shares, M. and B (C.). 3; London and Southwestern, 45%, 5; ditto New, £50. 33, 2, 14; ditto Thirds, 6%; Manchester, Sheffield, and Lincoln- shire, New, £10. Preference. 7%; Midland, 99; ditto £50 Shares, 834. 8; North Staffordshire. 034. 34. 4; Scottish tral, 244. 4; Shrewsbury and Birmingham, Class A, ditto, Ciars B.,13{; South Devon, 15; Southeast- ern. 23%;' ditto, No, 3, 1634; ditto No. 4, Thirds, 5%; South Wales, 5%, 6. 34; York, Newoastle, aud Berwick, (original Newcustlo and Berwick.) 20%; dito No. 2, Newcastle and Berwick. 107,11; ditto G. Par- chase 6r Preference, 534. $; York and North Midland, 67; ditto East and West Riding Extension 30, Souriampron, Eng., June 30, 1848. The Steamships Niagara and United States—The American Steamship Line—Reflections on it, §c. Soon after posting my letter of the 23d inst., to go by the Caledonia, I was informed of the arrival of the steamer United States, off Cowes, en route from New York to Havre. Capt. Hackstaff may be complimented upon making the quickest voyage ever known, from New York to Cowes Roads, and one of the quickest voyages from Ame- nica to England. The United States beat the Ni- agara on the outward run Liverpool—but the palm of success must, I think, be given to the Ni- agara, homewards—the latter vessel reached Li- verpool, from Boston, in 10} days. By the the sub- joined table of distances, it will be seen that the passage from Boston to Liverpool is shorter by 273 miles than the passage between New York and Southampton :— ; Bostox to Liverroot. Mile: Dock in Boston to Boston light N. N. W., true %. Boston light to lat. 43 deg. 10 min, N.,lon, 65 deg. 21 min. W., course N. 76,29 E., true. Barra- coa Point then bearing N. N. W., ten miles dis- BaNt ess er cerscceccserescecvccsesee BOB From position ‘off “Barracoa Point to Sambro Island. light bearing W., true 2 miles, distant N, 88,om, 827:B 2... ehc'ceesccvecsccesss 107 has | }rom position off Sambro light to Halifa: aoe 12 From /lalifax out to Sambro light. bearing W., true 4 miles, from which departure is taken; (lat = of ship, 44 deg. 33 min. N., lon. 63 28 W) ee From position off Sambro to lat. 51 deg. 12 min. N., lon @ deg. 20 min. W., course N. 79, 34 [Cape Clear would then bear N., true, distant 14 miles.) From position off Cape Clear, up channel to Li- verpool docks Z Dabal ca cet resis Sedeen Woe ons e's 5 2888 From New Youk 10 Soutnampton. y Miles. From Battery in New York, toSandy Hook... 17 From Sandy Hook to lat. 40 deg. 40 min. N., lon, 69 W.. course N. 86,45 E, true...... 229 From Jat, 40 deg. 40 min. N,, lon. 69 deg. W., to lat, 49 deg, 40 min., lon. 6 deg. 18 min. ,W., course N, 87, 27 E, true [Scilly light would then be distant.) From position eff Scilly light to Start Point, light bearing N. 8,26 W., true, course N. 73, From position ff Start Point light to Needles buoy, course N. 70,19 E.. see eee eee eee 8236 From Needles baoy to Southampton. - 22% Total WN6a a si0a ies Pees ot SINS Here, then, will be seen thatthe United States made the run of 3156 miles in 12 days 6 houra, and the Niagara the run of 2883 miles in 10 days 10hours. Allowing the difference of 278 miles to occupy 30 hours in its performance, it will be noted that the Niagara has only beaten the United States by eight hours; and therefore the two vessels may be consi- dered as rivals, and to have been equally success- ful in their trips. Iwas mentioning to you in my last, that it was a great pity that two lines of competing American steamers should occupy one station; and that a coalition of interests would be both desirable and necessary for the good of both companies, and for the more effectual competition with the English steamers, The truth of this remark must be apparent. In the present stage, it will never answer the purpose of the owners of the United States to continue her on the New York and Havre station; for in the precarious and distracted state of France, mercantile business must dwindle down to comparatively trifling transac- tions, and any great change for the better cannot be anticipated to take place for a length of time. ‘The projectors of American ocean steam navigation, shonia weil work the New York and Southampton line, perform the voyages expeditiously, avoid delays, post- ponements, mishaps to machinery, &e., lower the rate 01 fivight on goods, and then an immense traffle would result, and the united undertaking pay handsome Profits, One great fault in connection with the United States mail packets (Washington and Hermann), and the fealt which has ¢: so many of the delays and hindrances that have befallen them, is the foolish no- tion of sending the ships to Bremen, a distance of 490 miles trom Southampton — In every point of view this ix prejudicial to the enterprise, and if the notion is persisted in, I can only foresee that the undertaking will be a fajiure, It is understood, of course, that the government of the United States, when incorporating aw rtexm packet company for conveying mails to Eu- Tope, were desirous to establish a direct line between w York and Germany, and Bremen was fixed upon an the port at which the vessels should stop. The en- Urprise, asa theory, on paper, no doubt, looked well, and the prospect of calling at Southampton to land passengers and mails for England and France, and then proceeding on to Bremen, calling at Southampton on the way back, was marvellousiy promising on paper —but experience has preved that too much was at- tempted, and that mistortune has been the result, I will illustrate this—first assuring you that I have given the subject a good deal of attention since my siay here, and that | have made enquiries in a variety of quarters likely to be well informed, ‘The steamer sails from New York on 20th of a given month, and would arrive indue course at Soutth»mpton about ibe dtr of the following month, and at Beomen On the 6b, Sue stays at Bremen till the Lith, arriving at Sout! ton on the 17th, finally starting from ‘he latter place, tor the homeward voyage on the 20th, and v ng at New York, say the ith The distance t» traversed by each ship, every voyage from New York to Bremen, and back, may be computed at 7.312 miler. ond 44 days only inallowed for the voyage, for caliling at Southampton outwards. stay at Bremen, three dys’ #tay at Southampton homewards, and the repairs required to be done to machinery, Here then you bave the grand secret of the ill success of the Ocexn Steam Navigation Company—the ships are too Tuy, and sufficient time in not allowed to obviate delay of incidental occurre: nd there is to be acontinual struggle against time—and any detention arising from bad weather or trivial aeaident, produces & delny and cecasions postponemente of fe irture, the whic b is fatal to any rtesm enterprize. ‘are be- tides thew considerations, others of s peouniaty na- ture which renders the navigation of the North son by 8) fps cf 2000 tone burden hasardous and ill-advised. — The Um of insurance on the vessels is no doubt large y ered by the underwriters on account of vi yngea to Bremen ; there are Ung gd expentes Of chanvel Lights, extra consumption fuel for 1000 miles each voyage, double port charges, heavy pilotages which in the aggrepate must far preponderate over any profit on freight and passengers that may be obtained from Bremen, ‘There is no doubt that it is very important to en. courage and obia n the German trate by these stoam- ere, but then it should be considered whether such traffic might not be obtained to # larger extent, aud by a cheaper und more rational means, Supposing the company were to purchase or build two steamers of 600 tons burden, and 250 bore power, to run between Southampton aad Bremen; such vessels might convey the wails and parsengers to and fro at half the cost of | sending the large ebips ; whilst the latter remained in Southampton discharging and taking in cargo, and completing repairs for the homeward voyage ‘The | regularity of theline would be assured—and that im- portant particular accomplished, con e would be | Gained and passengers attracted to Southampton from all parts of the Continent togo to America by Ameri- can steamers. The present prospects of the company | are much commented on at Southampton,amongst par- | ties connected with steam navigation. ‘The lino is | wirhed every success; but the impression is, as 1 have | stated. that too much is aimed at; and that # reguiar monthly line from New York to Bremen, via South- ampton, cannet be calculated upon by means of two ehips; nor could a semi-monthly line be worked with regularity with four ships. An extra vessel must be kept in commission to, provide for the fest of irrega- larities arising from the overworking of the running veesels—and that extra ship would be « far greater ex- penge than two emall ones fit for navigating the North Sea, It has been mentioned to me that the Bremen prople are very avxious to have small vessels running be- tween Bromen und Southampton, us from the contigui- ty of the latter place to Havre (the Liverpool of France.) it is thought a large passenger and goods traflo, irre- spective of the trattic connected with the mail steamers from New York, might be established, I make this ex- position of the general opinion here on the prospycts ot the United States mail steamers, as I believe them | tobe bused on sound and practi¢al business views. | Mr. J. Rodney Croskey. the agent to the company, in Southampton, is much liked and universally respected; and | hear in verious quarters the highest encomiums on his gentlemanly and indefatigable attention to the interests of the company he represents. Some interest is excitcd as to the race that is now | being run acrors the Atlantic, between the Hermann | and the Acadia—the former to leave New York on 20th | this month, the latter on the 21st. The bets aro made in favor of the Hermann, in consequence of her excel- lent pastage outwards in thirteen and a half days to Sandy Houk ‘We have had an arrival from Portugal by the Madrid steamer this week, The news frem Lisbon savors of intended insurrections, with plotting and conspiracies, The government were making numerous arrests amongst the liberal party and personages formerly connected with the Oporio junta, and the editors of the papers representing tho Views of the Patulea fao- tion. It was generally supposed that these unconsti- tutional and arbitrary arrests would hasten, rather than retard, a revolutionary movement, I have had a communication from # gentleman, resident in Lisbon, who is well acquaintedwith the disaffected to the govera- ment, and Iamassured that their plans arc so well laid and so extensively preparing, that when the moment ar- rives for action,+uccess must be certain,and the downfall of Donna Maria, and her corrupt government will fol- low, as a matter of course. Republican principlys are gaining ground in Portugal, and it is not improbable that the success of the reactionary party would be fol- lowed by the proclamation of « republic, which form of government would be enthusiast.cully adopted by the Portuguese people It is certain that the majority ofthe troops could not be depended upon by the government ; they are badly and irregularly paid, and would not ho- sitate to pronounce in favor of any rational form of government hclding out a-prospeot of an improvement in the financial administration of the country. Ano- ther consideration that renders the downfall of Donna Maria more likely is, that the British government has determined no longer to be made the cat's paw in sup- porting an ungrateful and dishonest Queen and a knot of ministers, A British fleet is no longer kept in the ‘Tagus, and in the event of a revolution, the Portuguese will be permitted to fight it out amongstthemselves. and to choose that form of government that may be most acceptable to a majority of the nation. On the 19th June, at Lisbon, the exchange on Lon- don at 30 days sight, was 525d per 1,000 mil reis, and at 90 days date, 52% to 63. Lisbon Bank notes were at a discount of 54 per cent. Trade and commerce were ina ate of great depression and uncertainty, arising from the depreciated state of the currency, and the uncer- tainty and hazardous nature of pubiic affairs. By the arrival of the Pacha steamer last night, fcom Gibraltar, we have dates as late as the 22d Juny. There were very few American ships there, American beef was quoted $116 to $12 per barrel, with arrivals. Seles of American pork, $14, and flour, $6 8 per barrel. Exchanges.—London, 90 days* date, 48%; Paris, Sfr. B0c.; Marseilles, 6fr. 30c. co 6fr. 340; Genoa, bfr.d2e. Madrid, 8 days’ right, 4 discount; Cadiz diz do % dis ; Malaga, § days’ sight, % to % dis ; Se- ville, dog to 44 dis.; Alicante, do 1% dis ; Vulencia,do 1% dis.; Barcelona, do 3 dis." Spanish pillared dollars, 2per cent premium, Freight—To London and out- ports in the United Kingdom. Brazil and River Plate, $14 a $16, and 10 per cent; Gulf of Mexico and Ha ha, $14 a $16. and 10 per cent; Malta, Leghorn Genoa, $4, and 5 per cent; and, for I cent. Moneys—One hard dollar, 12 quarts ‘The American ship Monterey, Captain Crosby, with | sugar, 28 days from Havana, the American bark Amos Patten, Foster, 29 days from Havana, and the Ameri- can brig Salisbury, Capt. Pilsbury, 62 days from Ma- tanzas, arrived at Cowes, Isle of Wight, yesterday. ‘There isa movement getting up here to encourage emigration to the United States, on a very extensive scale. A company is about being formed, to ran steam emigrant ehips; and from the purties connected with it, and the interest it is. privately exciting, 1 think it stands good chances of support. I sball be able to give you a few more particulars shortly. Srur@arp, June 23, 1848. State of Germany— Trouble ahead—A Republic Demanded, §c. The political and social affairs of the German States are daily growing more gloomy and com- plicated. Itis evident that the revolution has nog yet reached its crisis ; that it has not wrought the change it was intended to bring about; and that a vast deal remains yet to be done, ere the work of reformation in Germany will be completed. ‘The election of the Parliament at Frankfort has, oonductors—the pr noes! An immeni xcitement pre- vais; the papers containing thi ts of the pro- cenien ma Y, are seized and with anavidity never alleled in this beer-drinking, tobacco- smoking community. Democratic clubs are forming all over the couatry, in every little village ; and the acts ofthe Assembly are ted upon and criticised by every individual All are aware of the importance of its decision, in adopting or rejecting the report of the committee, in ref-rence tothe central power. Ail are convinced that. if adopted, the National As-embl: will have ceased to be the « rgan of the people, and wi have signed its own death-warrant, Meanwhile, the debates in that body have commenced ; the extreme left opposing the measure to the utmost of their power, and throwing their whole influence into the scale to prevent ite pessage, while the support from t and ix equally skilfully conducted. though le: ous. No less than one hundred and forty spe have'enrolled their names, to bs heard on this subject; some eighty opposing, thirty defending, and the others merely commenting upon it, It will be some time bo- fore the result will become known, In Heilbronn some disturbances have taken place. which show that the true republican spirit ix being cuught by all ciastes, even among the soldiery A great part of the 8th reginiént of infantry, quartered at Heil- | bronn, were asteuibled at Hentges? brewery, and dis- curring the treatment of the soldiers, complaining that they were considered as mere machines by their supe Tiors, when it was proposed to frame a petition and send it to the Colonel, ‘This was immediately done; a sergeant set up the petition and it was signed by all resent on the occasion. amounting to several hundred, Phe petition was then carried to the barracks by the sergeant. with the intention of presenting it to the Colonel, when he was immediately arrested and lodged in prion, The soldiers, hearing of the fate of thuir cowrade. immediatery rau to the barracks. and throat- | ened to storm them. if Hartmann (the sergeaut) was not released. A great number of citizens and turners (vymnastic students) ran to the aid of the soldiers, afd likewise demanded the release of the sergeant, upon which the officers gave way and set him at jiberty, But the next day, an order from the government required the whole 8h regiment to be disarmed; the 4th regi- ment, reported te be the most loyal and obedient to its officers, was sent to execute this order ; and the town was threatened with bombardment, if the citizens sbould abet and aid the rebels in their insubordination. But even with there threats, it was deemed imprudent to dirarm the soldiers while in Heilbronn, whero great sympathy of feeling existed between the citizens and the military, They were therefore brought away to Ludwigsburg, where their arms wore taken away, while absent.on leave, The above petition simply requested a more humane treatment, and expressed the dotermi- nation of the soldiers not to fight against their owa fellow-citizens again, as they were forced to do on seve- ral cecasions during the revolution in arch, his perfidious manoeuvre excited the greatest dissatisfac- tion among the whole populace, and is strongly incens- ing the pecple against the government. “A republic! A republic!”’ ig the watchword heard in every club, spoken by every soldier and citizen, when not in immediate contact with their superiors; avd a republic is the only | eventual salvation of the nation from ruin. The re- | publican party is daily gaining ground, and it already forms a majority of the people. Hecker, the former leader of the republican “ Freischauren,’” now exiled, | is considered by many as the only competent saviour of the nation; the military are enthusiastic in his sup- | ort;*.n several places, soldiers are openly enlisted in is service. The excitement, stimulated by the prostration of commerce and trade in general, is daily growing ;— | internal warfare, bloodshed fand carnage are inevitable; while from without, the Russian autocrat threntens in- vasion. Germany is fast approaching « terrible crisis, a crisis which will either raise it, as a nation, to the level of the proudest nations on earth, by the establish- ment of a democratic republic and an inseparable union between the rew discordant elements, or crush | it for ever, and make it a terrible warning for the peo- | ple of other nations. The immediate future is preg- nant with grent events—events that will occupy a pro- | minent place in the history of the world. May they not record the downfall of a great, of a powerful and good people ! gt “The government of Prussia nominates one, the government of Austria one, and the third. before ho is nominated, is first desig. nated by the government of Bavaria, and must te'confirmed by the several minor goveraments. The First Step | the New Reform Movement n Great Britain | [From the Manche:ter Examiner, June 24.) ‘The first step inthe new reform movement has been taken. We say this, Withons, any reference | to what muy be the result of the Motion made by Mr. Hume, on Tuesday night. Our readers will | see that after one night’s discussion, during which | five speeches were made, the debate was adjourn- | ed till last night; and then, as obstacles interven- ed, it was again adjourned till next Friday, the | government having consented to give up that night | to a full discussion of the subject. So far, the question has fairly weighed anchor, and stood out to sea; and not the shadow of a doubt crosses our minds but that it will ultimately reach its des- | tuned haven. cy Abstaining from mere criticism on the motion, | or onthe speeches, by which it was supported or opposed, (this is done in the letter of our private | correspondent,) we may’ here reiterate the general | rinciples on which we advocate anew reform ill, "These wejbase on the existence of indispu- table facts; and having stated them, leave the mat- ter to the quiet consideration of all thoughtful, | earnest, practical minds. fi | Itis an indisputable fact, that a vast portion of our population are thoroughly dissatisfied with the working of our legislature, and with the manage- ment of the, executive, as controlled by Railia- ment. This is no ephemeral feeling—no transitory | | belief. A great body of our people are permanent- | ly embued with the opinion, that government, as carried on in this country, is far too expensive and CxtB youn that taxation is at once heavy and unequal ; that the constitution, in Church and State, is charged to the full with absurdities, anom- alies, and grievances ; thut in the practical work- ing of that constitution, there is too frequently seen one law for the churchman and another for the dissenter, one law for the rich and another for the | poor; that, in short, with all the adyantages which can be pointed out, as compared with other coun- sties, England is governed by the privileged clas- ses, as against the unprivileged ; and that the re- sult isa state of things with which thousands of fora time, stilled the storm; the German people hoped that from it they would receive the fruits of the revolution, without suffering its evils; and the eyes of the whole nation were anxiously cast toward the church of St. Paul, expecting from it deliver- ance and salvation—but they were mistaken. The National Assembly does evidently not comprehend | its task ; or, if it does, it is playing a despicable, hypoenitical tarce ; pretending to secure to the peo- ple their sovereignty, they are drawing the cords of tyranny faster than ever around their necks; and, if unresisted, they will eventually suffocate the whole nati mn, The Parliament was created by the people, in order to establish a universal govern- ment—a general system, throughout all the confede- rated States. They were convinced of the impor- tance of union, and, with unparalleled unanimity and spontaneousness, they abstained from further violent measures, and sought relief from that body, which int! clothed with their newly declared sove- reignty. ts task should theretore be, to carry out the will of the nation, of the people, as declared by the revolution ; it should act as the sovereign peo- ple themselves would act, without regard to any existing government, to any organized power, save the people. But it has failed todo so, It is either too imbecile to comprehend the full extent of its power, or too weak to exert it in carrying out the will of the people in opposition to the potentates end princes, trembling, perhaps, before the glittering bayonets of the military; or it has shamefally, basely, betrayed the trust confided toit The report of the committee on the organization of a provisional central power, has convinced every truo patriot that from that source no relief to the country can be hoped for. The bill, which was reported by an overwhelming majority of the com- | mittee, provides for a “Bundes directorium, (Federal Directory.) consisting of three men, to be designated by the several governments," and, after being confirm- ed by the vote of the National Assembly, without dis- cursion, elected by them, It is to exercise its power by means of minisiers, who are responsible to the Na- tional Assembly; its duty fs to exercise the executive power in all affairs concerning the welfare and security of the German confederation, to take supreme control over the standing army, and especially to appoint the commander-in-chief of all the forces, to secure the po- sition of Germany as one of the Grand Powers, and to appoint ambassadors and consuls to this effect; decla- rations of war and treaties of peace or commerce are ratified conjointiy with the National Assembly.” ‘This is the central power intended to be forced upen the Germans; this is the institution which, in. the opinion of the majority of the committee, is the ox- rersion of the revolutionizing principle which bas agi- ited Lurope from one end to the other; this is to be the monitor, the guardian of the liberty ot the people and the unity ofthe States! Any one acquainted with the powers and organization of the former (and still existing) Bundestag, will at once perceive that this whole machination is tution, supplied with substantial cover. If the National Assembly adopt this proposition, (and it is supposed that the bill will puss. with few alterations.) then it will have given the #gnal for renewed action to the people ; for it eannot be suppored that they will submit anew to the yoke of tyranny. rendered more galling to them by the di-appointed hope of delivery, more pressing and vast.y Ly more dificult to resist, from the fact that, in the pro- posed eyrtem, the actual, virtual. administration of the afiairs Of the general government, as well as those of the States eeparately, rests in the hands of the princes, while the puppet-show of giving a liberal and republi- ean form of government to the People is carried on in the National, en ssembly, which would be ® very conye- rT between the “mob" and the nutocrats -valve. to let of the surplus stenm of working beautifu.ly aud eubmirsivulyin the handsoftho those for whose use government ought to exist, are thoroughly dissatisfied, and which they are de- | termined to take the earliest opportunity of amead- ing. Thiers afabe-lail Maleputable feat. this ment fested, not merely by the chartist meetings which have ig the country, but in the quieter but far more determined spirit which reigns in thousands | who do not ally themselves with chartism. One | instance of this came within our own personal ob- servation during the past week, A working man, of remarkable intelligence, who is nota chartist, who doesnot ally himself with chartism, who repudiates altogether the foolish language of so-called leaders, | and would not resort to physical force, if it could be | avoided, declared, soberly, seriously, without heat | or passion, that he had a gun and a pike ready for the coming outbreak, and that there were hundreds | of his fellows similarly prepared. Remonstrance | with him was useless. He listened,to all that you | had to say, admitted §the force “of your argu- ments, but in reply to all dissuasiveness from phy- sical force, affirmed, with grim and resolute coun- tenance, that the day was now gone by for the re- | clamation of England, otherwise than by demon- | stration of pike and bayonet ! | Now, you may laugh at this—sneer at it—pooh, | | i pooh it—and affirm it to be dreadfully wrong, and excessively mischievous, All this was said a done, without producidg the slightest effect. came back the argumeut that the middle classes would not, assist the working classes to obtain their just rights and_ privileges; that nothing remained for the toiling, unenfranchised class, but such a display of force as would procure them po- | itical emancipation, and, perhaps, something | more. | We have no apprehension that the working classes | would be able to overthrow the government by | force of arms ; and we have repeatedly spoken in | strong terms respecting the folly andthe wicked- | ness of these appeals’ to physical force, with | which the country has been recently uffronted.— | But the existence of such a spirit amongst | large bodies of our fellow-subjects and fel- | low-countrymen is a grievous and a most | serious matter. Hundreds—we may safely say | thousands—who disapprove entirely of chartist | rhodomontade and extravagance, and who do not | attend chartist meetings, do yet so sympathise | with the objects sought, as to have no hesitation in affirming, that these objects must be attained any- | how—by arms, if necessary. Deplore the fact, and | censure the language, as much as you please, but still the fact remains; and however resolute we | may all be in supporting public order, and in re- pressing insane insurrection, it can give no plea- sure to quiet, earnest men, to think that the British | constituuon requires encampments, great guns, grape shot, bayonets, and constables” staves, to preserve it from those who ought to be the con- tented children of the commonwealth, | Hove these men any right to be discontented? | They have; itis an_ indisputable fact, and cannot be gansaid. The whole government of this eoun- | try 18 carried on at a rate, and ona scale of ex- | pense, which practically excludes the idea of , woiking-men, From the crown down to the | humblest government clerk, the notion involved | is, that the art of government 1s an aristocratic | business, ging exclusively to nm gentlemen born. And though the church has | somewhat toa of its duties and | reepons: bill bodied the same 1 embodi | From the ‘Archbishop of Canterbury down to the ‘ | with their practical | a direct n | one more striking military advantage, men are and must be essentially gentlemen. When Moses was informed that young men were pro- phesyivg in the camp, he exclaimed, ‘Would that all the Lord’s :eople were prophets!” Ina similar spirit, we might wish that all our working classes were gentlemen—not above their station, for that as only the characteristic of those who are ex- pressively termed snobs—but gentlemen in feeling, in consid -ratenes , in deference to one another, and in cool, quiet conrage. But that 13 not the matter we are now discussing. We are simply pointing out how, owing to the aristocratical con- stitution ef this country, that the government of this country is framed on the principle, that both church and State belong exclusively to gentlemen —n fact not at all affected by the instances of in- dividuals who have climbed their way from the bumblest to the highest ranks, and leaped the fences of parliwment, and even of the peerage. | ‘This practical ignoring of the working classes in the business of government, is manifest in Parlia- ment. Civil list, official salaries, diplomatic ser- vices, army and navy, are all framed with dug and adequate Tegard to noblemen and gentlemen. Pruetically, a working man is deemed by nature utterly unfit, even if -self-taught, to take a desk in Downing street, to go as an ambassador to Vienna or Madrid, er to meddle with the not very recon- dite business of government. The very idea is considered a most outrageously laughable one. Even middle-class men are reluctantly admitted, and only when. their services are deemed useful. he whole notion of government practically shuts out the idea of a working man; and, consequently, the general scale of government expenditure puts out of view the facy, that millions who con- tribute the taxes have only a scanty daily or week- | ly pittance 5 Vhile the working classes are thus practically ignored, the middle classes are not much better oif. They have, of course, more influence in the election of members of Parliament; and they can | meke themselves better heard within its walls, Bot their position is, in many respects, cruel and awkward. On one side of them are the continual- ly inereasing working classes, augmenting in numbers, and becoming, year by year, more tho- roughly discontented with the frame-work of, go- veriment, and their own practical exclusion from political power. On the other side are the aristo- cratic classes, who regard the business of govern- ment as theirs by inheritance and right, and who look to the middle classes to sustain them in its possession. Tne middle classes are between the | uprerand nether mill-stones ; and though, for the sake of peace and order, they would at once join with the upper classes, if any attempt were made to disturb public tranquillity, they have no securit that they will not be required to become the stand- ing militia of the upper classes, permanently en- tolled, and rareenlle encamped, in the very midst of what is deemed social security. Here, then, is our actual position. The gi bulk of the working classes thoroughly dissatisfied i Rsclaaicn from political power, and determined to acquire it, by some means or other, called on to officiate as the special conservators ot peace, against the working classes, although satis- fied that a Jarge portion of the complaints of these classes are founded in justice, and ought to be fistened to in reason. ‘The great bulk of the aris. tocracy looking to political power and government as their exclusive poss small reforms, if small reforms would quiet the people, but unable or unwilling to do anything that would adapt taxation and expenditure to the neces- sit.es of a heavily burdened commercial country. Cen we go on with such a state of things? Itis impossible: A change musteome; and he is the true conservatist who manfully anticpates it. | The new reform movement seeks to disarm char- tism, by a comprehensive enlargement of the fran- chise; to release the middle classes from perpetual uneasiness, by the removal of political discontent; and to teach the upper classes that there is a way of governing this country, by which public credit will be kept, and the dignity of the crown be un- | impaired, without the necessity of a profuse ex- penditure. These are great objects; there are more to be more enumerated; but they may be summed up in the words—efficient, good, cheap govern- | ment, over which the great bulk of the community shall have direct control. To this object tends the motion of Mr. Hume; it is the first step in the new reform. movement; and we have excellent reason for believing that it will be followed by many | more, if many more are necessary, to conduct to | the great realisation we have In view. Aspect of Affairs on the Co: [From the London News, As France now gives promise a strong government, in which the military ele- ment must have considerable weight, it becomes important to consider the state of the countries bordering upon it, and of those struggles, calcul: ted to tempt or provoke French aggression, or to extend the circle of war and the number of belli- gerents. - Hitherto the war in rl has been favora- ble to the Italian cause. Not ony was a large Aus- trian army ejected from the Milanese, but that army, after receiving considerable reinforcements, was defeated in the open field near Goito, by the army of Piedmont, under the comznand ot its sove- reign. Charles Albert, however, did not make the most of that advantage. He has rather reposed on his laure!s,§than hastened to gather fresh one: Verona, army, which had marched to the reduction of Vi- cenza, almost invited attack; but Charles Albert shrank from it, and has thereby excited the discon- tent of his soldiers and the murmurs of all Italy, It is the character of Charles Albert to act well and nobly upon impulse, and then to become feeble and pusillanimons upon reflection. Such a relapse at this critical moment would be fatal to him, to his nascent power and empire, and by encouraging the democratic parties opposed to him, may fling North Italy back into anarchy first, and foreign de- entof Europe. | pendence after, at the yery moment when it seem- | ed in a fair way to attain the very goal of all politi- cal efforts—freedom, unity and independence. The desire of the Austrian government is deci- dedly for peace, tor peace upon what it considers fair terms, such terms as would leave Marshal Ra- detski and his army free to protect the unity of the German and Sclavonian dominions of Austria. The statesmen at both Inasprack aud Vienna would consent to abandon all claim to the Mi- lanese, provided that rich duchy took its fair pro- portion of the debt. But they are not prepared to cede the Venetian territory, of which they are at this moment in full possession, including the formidable fortresses which guard it. Marshal Radetski 1s at the head of some 40,000 men, and | remforcements are daily pouring in to him, which will raise his number to 50,000 or 55,000. On the other side of the Adige, Charles Albert has 60,000 : and Milan and the other towns are making which will raise the Italian force to nearly ! But, as it is incumbent on Charles Albert to tuke the offensive, « small disparity of numbers would be fully compensated to the Austrians by their strong positions. In such a state of things, it is feared, that Charles Albert might 1 to the offer of Austria to cede the Milanese, on condition that the Vene- tian territories be left them. It is reported that pplied to, for 1ts mediation on such terms, ond that our e+binet had consented. We | believe this not to be the fact, and understand that tiation is going on between the belli- ele and that an Austrian agent has been sent to Milan and Radetski ordered to conclude the armis tice to allow time for the consideration °f the pro- posals, We are very glad to learn that the British government has not undertaken a mediation, so unlikely to lend to any satistactory of permanent result. The Italians, it is plain, can never consent to the amputation of one of the most glorious and histone portions of Italy. The Venetian popula- tion itself could never be reconciled to Austrian sway, even thongh organized as a separate pro- vince, and gifted with a constitution, And a treaty even when concluded would be nothing more than an armed truce, which requires the same amount of men, of precaution, and expenditure, as at present on both banks of the Adige. Venice would thus cost Austria more than it is worth, At the same time, unless Charles Albert gains it is not to be seen how Austria can yield the Venetian terri- tory. The Germans have a strong national feel. | ing on the subject, and the Frankfort Diet was mad enough to propose an incursion of Bavarians into Italy as revenge for the blockade of Trieste. We need not say that a march of Bavarian troops through the ‘Tyrol would assuredly bring the French over the Rhine. Better far that the Ape be left between Austria and Lombardy than swellit toa rivalry, which ought not to ex- ist between Italians and Germans, ‘What is most to be hoped is, that the Provisional Government of Milan may come to some terms with the Austrian envoy for Lombardy’s retaining Verona, Vicenza, and the territory south of a cer- tain Ime, ceding to Austria re and all that northere portion of the Venetian territory which intervenes ‘between the Tyrol and Vienna, The conquestact Venice followed up the course of the rivers which flowed rato the Adriatio, ecess seduced the whole valley of the Prave to PO ee aE Oe Lee SN MNES ee ent ae ay The great bulk of the middle classes, | ession, willing to concede | ine 29.) of a settled and | mentarily undefended by the Austrian | and their | TWO CEN TS. poorest paid curate, the notion is, that all clergy- the mountains. There is no need of aiding by these old demareations. Nor d Italy seek extend beyond the Piave or the Lile Were Base sano and Treviso the frontie: towns of North Italy, the Italians ought to be well contended f There cannot be a more important element, & more desirable result in the necessary re-organi- zation of Europe, than the establishment of this Lombard or North Italian kingdom, withia natue 3 ral end defeosible frontiers. It would form a wide» and Wealthy re, very powerful, yet most prone to peace Lying between the two Mediterranea seas, affording a facile commun’ the Southwest and Southeast of ing Venice and tion between Juro, €, poss7ss- non, it would be as flourishing in trade and transit as in production, So prosper- ous, and pe ific, and powerful a State interposed between France and Austria, would preclude alb possibility of war between those States, and thus offer an immense guarantee to the peace of Europe, whilst it would at the same time complete the ba- lance of power. If amidst the dreadful loss of life and property consequent upon the events of 1343, such a salutary result x3 an Italian kingdom should arise, Europe will at least have compensation for its throes, not only in increased freedom of all countries, but in the restored nationality of Italy. The Will of John Mason. In the name of God, Amon, I, John Mason, of the city of New York, gentleman, being of a sound and dis- posios mizd, memory, and understanding, do, in y these presents, make, execute, and publish my last Will and testament, us fullows, that is to say: Int. | order and direct all my just debts, funeral ex- penses and testamentary charges, to be paid as s0om after my decvase as may bs conveniently dune: 2d. I give, devise, and bequeath unto my beloved | daughter, Mary Jones, the wife of Isaac Jon id to het heirs, executors, administrators, and asei for- ever, the one equal undivided eighth part of all my property and estate, both real and personal, whatso- over. 3d, I give, devise. and bequeath, unto my beloved daughter, Rebecca Jones, the widow of Isaac C. Jones, deceased, and to her heirs, executors, administrators, and aesigns, forever, one other oqual undivided | eighth part of all my property and estate, both real | and personal, whatsoever, 4th. [ do give, devise, and bequeath, unto George | Jones, the husband of my deceased beloved daughter, Serena, and to her children by him, and to their re- spective heirs, executors, administraiors, and assig | forever, one other equal undivided eighth part of | my property and estuto, both real and personal, what- soever; the share, estate, and interest of the said | George Jones, in tho said last mentioned eighth part, | to be the same in right of his said deceased wife as if she were now living and should survive me. to the end | that he may not be prejudiced by her death | me, touching her share and portion in my estate an | property, either real or personal; the said children | taking under this, my will, their respective shares, | estates, and interests in the real estate of the said last | mentioned eighth part only, ufter the death of their | said father, cqually, or, share and share alike. bth. I give, devise, and bequeath unto my belov | daughter, Sarah Jones Hammersley, the wife of A | drew Gerdon Hammersley, wnd to her heirs, executors, | administrators, and assigns, forever, one othur equal undivided eighth part of all my property and catate, both realand personal, whatsoever. 6th, The romaining one equal undivided half part | of ali my property and estate, both real aud personal, | whatsoever, [ give, dovise, and bequeath unto the sald Iranc Jones, George Jones, and Andrew Gordon Ham- | mersley, and the survivors, and survivor of them, thelr | and his heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, forever, in trust for the following uses and that is toray, to rent, invest, and improve th | their, and his, best discretion, and to collect and ree | ceive the rents, issues, profits, interest, dividends, or | other income thereof, and by and out of such income, | or so much thereof as may be necessary for that pur- | pose, to pay the following annuities, that is to say, te | my beloved daughter, Heien Alston, the wife of Joseph Aiston, of South Carolina, for her own separate use | and benefit, and into her own bands, and upon her | own receipt, or to her own written order, to be givom | by her from time to t me, as such payments shall be | made, and not by way of anticipation, a clear annual | annuity of three thousand dollars # year ; also, to mj | beloved son John Mason, junior, a clear annual annul- ty of two thousand dollars year; also, to my beloved | son James Mason, a clear annual anauity of two thou- | sand five hundred dollars a year; and, also, te my be- | loved son Henry Mason, a clear annual annuity of two thousand five hundred dollars a year ; each of the said | four annuities to be paid in two equal instalments « | year, at the end of every six calendar months from | and after my decease, and to be condnued during the respective life times of the before na.ued four anoui- | tants, with the exception of thy said Helen Alston, whose annuity shali cease when, and if she survive her | said husband, and she shail,thereupon, beoome entitled, and I hereby, in that event, give, devise, and bequeath to her, and to her heirs, executors, administrators, aud | assigns, forever, the one equal undivided fourth part | of the said half part of my property and estate, both | real aud personal; but should her said husband sur- | vive her, then, from and after her decease, 1 hereby orderand direct the said annuity of three thoussad dollars a year, to be paid to him in like emi-sunual instalments, for aud during the residue of his natural life ; and upon the decease of the said Helen Alstom, should she die in the life-time of her said husband, f hereby give, devise, and bequeath the said last men- tioned one equal undivided fourth part of the sald half part of my property and estate, both real and por- sonal, subject to the said annuity to her surviving hus- band, to her child, or children, or other issue, and his, her, or their respective heirs, executors, administrators, | and arsigns, forever, share and share alike, such other issue taking by representation, and mot per capite; | and with regard to my said two sons, James Masoa, | and Henry Mason, should tuey, or either of them, die | leaving a widow surviving them, or him, such widor or widows, shail be entitled to, and I hereby give Dequenth to her, or them, respectively, the same anni ity of twe thousand five bundred dollars a year, to be | paid to her, or them, respectively, in like semi-annual instalments, during the residue of her or their several | natural life, or lives ; and I do hereby give to the before named trustees, and the survivors and survivor of | them, fall discretionary power to increase the said an- | nuities, respectively, during the life times of my daughter Helen Alston, and my said three sons, John | Mason, junior, James Mason, and Henry Mason, but | not after their respective deaths ; and should the clear | net income ofthe said trust fund exceed the said an- nuities, the surplus in regard to the three equal fourth | parts thereof accruing after one month from my death, is to accumulate equally for the benefit of the children, or other issue, of the said Helen Alston, and James Mason and Henry Mason, respectively, during their respective minorities, and to be paid to them, respeo- | tively, as they shall severally attain the age of twenty- one years, such children, or other issue, taking their respective shares thereof, by representation, and not per copita; and with regard to the said trust shares of the said Helen Alston, James Mason, and Henry Mason, so long as they may severally be without issue living, the surj@us of the said income thereof accruing, as aforesaid, from one month after my death, after sat- isfying the said annuities to them, or to the surviving husband of the said Helen Alston, and the surviving widows of the said James Mason, aud Henry Mason shall be paid, from time to time, to the said Jones, Rebecea Jones, George Jones, if he be living, or, to his children, by my said deceased daughter, if he be dead, the said Sarah Jones Hammersley, and the said Helen Alston, should her said husband be then decess- ed, and she survive him, or to her issue if she and her said hu-band be both living, and she have issue living, and tothe issue of either of my said sons, James Mason d Henry Mason, who may have issue, equally, or who is firmities, in all human probability never will be mar- ried, I give, devise, and Reqaestt the one equal fourth part of the said remaining baif part of my property and estate, both real and personal, together, in the mean time, that is to aay, during his life time, with the aur- plus of income thervof, after satisfying the said annul. ty to him, to the several persons, aud for the svveral extates, apd upon the several contingencies here lastly above «pecified ; and upon the deaths of the sat James Nason and Henry Mason, respectively, I give, devire, and bequeath, the two equal fourth parts of the said remaining balf part of my property and estate, both real and personal, to their respective issue, such issue taking ebare and share alike, by representation, and not per capita, subject to the said annuities to the widows of my last named two sons, should such widows surv@® them; bunt should my said Inet named, two. fons, or either of them, die without I any issue, them. or him, surviving, then I gi and be- queath the said last mentioned two equal forbear eet or one equal fourth part, of the said remaining hal of my said property and estate, both real and personal, as the case may be, subject to the said last mentioned annuities to the said Mary Jones, Rebecca kones, George Jones, if he be then living, or, if then dead, to the children of my «aid daughter Serena Helen Alston, if she shall have eurvived her said husband, andif not, then to her issue. the said Sarah Jones Hai cand the issue ofeither of my last mentioned two. sont who may have left tats equally. share and share alike, the issue, or children, in either case, taking by répresenta- tion, and not per capita, Lastly, | do hereby moml- nate, constitute, and appoint the said Isaac Jones, George Jones, and Andrew Gordon Hi yy, execu tors. and my said two daughters, Mary Jones and Re- becca Jones, executrixes, of this my Last will and testa ment, hereby giving them power and authorlty, at their disoretion, to sell and convey all, or any part oF parts, of my real ; and | hereby revoke overy ate former will by me exeouted. 28 an Nay of ep In witness whereof, I hand and seal, this tweaty-sixth day tembers in the year of our Lord, one theusand eight hundred and Leek tp OHN belies pod ae’ | Signed by the testator. at the end hereof, and by sealed, executed, published, and declared as, and for, his Inst will and testament, in our presence, who, im | his presence, and at his request, and tn the presence of | each other, have hereto subsoribed our respective | names, as altesting witnesses, adding to our rexpootive | pames our places of residence, the day and yoar Inatly | above written. FRANCIS F. BERGER, 68 Wore n streets GEORGE, W. STRONG, No 103 Geeoowick etreot, | city of New York