The New York Herald Newspaper, July 5, 1848, Page 4

Ssawes IEW YORK HERALD. | GOR DC | GORDON BENNETT, . 18aK, | Ke insve in June, Aapregte lege in June Wook | “ — * Monday. . 19,594 | ‘The purfication of the Morning Eilition of the Herd com. menced pecterdoy ot 3 minutes past snd Aniahed at 9 Pewee’. ” The Eveung Edition at 3 o'clock, aad faished at 2 minutes past 3 o'clock. THE FOREIGN MAILS, | THE NEW POST-OFFICE ORDER, | , POST OFFICE, CITY OF NEW YORK, ? ay 1 Dave received from the Post OMies Dey which the following i# a copy, together with th ‘Law of Conjress referred to. ROBT, Li. . INSTRUC’ IONS. | “AN Letters, or other mailable matter, coming into the United States, from foreign eountries, or xv States to other countries, are required to be seat Post Ottce at the place of departure or arrival. T to Le eherged on all letters oing out of the United Sates to, or through, the Kingdom of Great Britain, or ita Colo. nie, or coring from, or rhroveh, thy 'Groat Britain, or ite Colonies, into the United States, by any forei¢u macket-sip, or other vereel, will be ws follows, the postages on the ont-coing letters, or ther mailalle matter, ‘to be pre-paid: —Ou each le-ter, ‘mot execeding half an ounce in weight, con dh eon the tw eountricn, Lyra forrim packet, 24 cents: ani fur half ounce, or fraction under, an ad itional prstage « ‘and if conveyed between © e two countries, ship or verrel, when weighing balf a ng mt of the meh the Postazes | private he poate ‘age will he 16 cents; and foreach addi friction under, an additional postage of 16 ayers will Be chargeable with postage off ther winted matter will be ra'ed as a ne jolations of | 1¢ Law will bo repo District Ator N: dN, ney, for proseenticn. poral.” General Tayior in New Yo & | From a yerusal of our graphic reports of the Taylor meeting, which was hel: in this city afew | days since, persons at a distance from the contrariety of opinion d e might suppose, | oped on that eecasion, that General Taylor was not as popular m New York as he really is, or that Mr. Clay is | the favorite of the whigs of w York, An } ference of this kind would be unjust, and in order to develope the fact, and to show cause for the | eontrariety of opinion which characterised that | meeting, it may be necessary to advert to the his- tory of the country for the last eighteen months, or | two years, After the battles of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, General Taylor’s name, in connec- | tion with the Presidency, was first mentoned | by this paper. We had previously seen the maa, | and knew comething of his great genius | and gallantry, and as soon as he was placed in a position in which he could show his quality, we knew that he would create a feeling in the | breasts of the people that would elect him to the | Presidency. After those battles, the taking of the city of Monterey ensued, and at about the time | when that great military feat was accomplished, a knot of politicians—of wanfs and strays, and odds | and ends of all parties, and all factions, conceiv the plan of taking General Taylor under their special care, and of directing the popular feeling | an his favor. They accordingly set to work, hired | a room in Military Hall, Bowery, organizea what they called a Rough and Ready Club, cut out and apportioned ali the offices among themselves and their friends, and by way of clenching the matter, | secured the aid of a rickety evening paper, with- out influence or circulation, to fire its popgun on every occasion when General Taylor's name was mentioned. This was the first petty movement by the office- seeking politicians to secure the nomination and election of General Taylor; but it will be per- | ceived that it was not undertaken until a long | time after General Taylor had been named for that high office, and after he became so popular that | his name was on every tongue, and his services | treasured up in the, breasts of his fellow-country- | men. Meanwhile, the popularity of the old hero was becoming greater and greater every day, and the Military Hall clique congratulated themselves that they had played a trump card, and were certain of getting the offices and emoluments which they had | in view. But they were destined to have rivals in the field ; for some time after General Taylor became so popular that it was evident he would | be nominated by the people, by acclamation, | as their candidate for the Pr sney, politi- | cians throughout the country hoisted the Tay- | der, | a while. | the extermi | ritories of New Mexico and Californi | mi do injvstice to his cause. The tact is, that the mer ting in question was the list effort of the dis- ‘Merth=West Corner of Fulton and Nassau sts. | appointed politicians and office seekers, to vent their chagrin at the defeat of their hopes of plun- We are satisfied that Genersl Taylor is the most popular eandidate before the | people of New York for the Presidency, and that he will continue so to the time of election, ' when he will get the vote of the Empire State with- out question. We have thought it advisable to make this state- ment for the benefit and information of persons at a distance, who were not acquainted with the nu- ous intrigues that have been going on for some time past in this city. Mexico and the United States, The ratification of the treaty of peace betweea the United States and Mexico is the commence- ment of a new era in the relations of those two countries. The relations may continue peaceful for for a year, perhaps for a longer, perhaps for a shorter peried of time. It was feared by far-seeing statesmen, that the severe chastisemenit which Mexico has received, and the hard lesson which we have endeavored to teach her, would be of little profitto her. It has been foretold that with the withdrawal of the Ame- rican army, whatever party consented to a peace with this country would be attacked and de- posed by some of the military tyrants who have so long cursed that beautiful country, and kept it in turmoil and revolution ever since the overthrow of the constitution of 1824. Such predictions, we re- gret to say, are too well founded. Already the work of revolution has commenced, even before the evacuation of that country by our forces. Pa- redes, it appears, has engaged in a conspiracy to upset the existing government, having for his ob- ject the downfall and ruin of the government which concluded the recent treaty of peace, and | ation of the men who ratified it, five | of the leading peace men having been already as- sassinated. Paredes, it will be recollected, was | the chieftain who pronounced against and destroyed the government of Herrera because he wasin favor of peace with the United States; and if he succeed in this last attempt, and overthrows the govern- ment which concluded the treaty of peace, he may then seek to embroil the two countries in difficulty again, and thus bring on a second Punic war. It will be seen, therefore, .that the difficulties and disasters which were predicted to ensue after the withdrawal of our troops, have occurred soon- | er than was anticipated; and when or how they will end, there isno telling. Mexico being again divided into factions—one having possession of the government to-day, and another having it to-mor | row—it will be a difficult matter for our government to determine which is the legitimate one, and to which to pay the instalments of three milhons an- | bually, provided by the treaty to be paid to Mexico as the purchase money of the newly acquired ter- This may involve us for the second time in war with Mex- ico. Again, if Paredes retain power, he may seek to establish a monarchy in Mexico. A yearortwo ago, he was in France and Spain, and it was pretty well | that | known there that his object was intrigue wi view. We do not know to what extent these in- | trigues may have been carried with Loms Philippe, or the Bourbons of Spain; but whether they are intended to be carried into opera- tion or not, it is very cert that _ there will be great trouble in Mexico, in he should secure himself as the head of tie government, and | 4 perhaps an attempt made to embroil the two coun- tries again in hostility, in case of an election of a | peaceable man to the Presidency of the United States. We could not tolerate the establishment of a monarchy there, at (he head of which any of the Bourbon family might be placed. Our deter- nation on this matter 1s fully known to Mexico, having been frequently expressed in our jouraals and im our housesof Congress. In whatever way we view the recent revolutionary proceedings in Mexico, we cannot but see the probability danger of more trouble, and perhaps another war. Wi the people of the United States ought to be careful whom they elect as their next President, so that peace can, if possible, be preserved. Our next President should be a man of ability, determina- tion, and sound statesmanship—one the prestige of whose name alone would deter the contemp- tible military despots of Mexico from again at- for standard, and soon afier he was nominated | tempting to_create difficulty between the two at several State conventions, and by several al We are Sia ate aay to cay Seine ‘ ‘i . hese things were | Second Punic war with that country, neither have legislative bodies. While all these things were | ¢Commenced to digest the large slice of tern going on, there was another clique of politicians closely studying the signs of the times, and wait- | ing for an opportunity to show their hands in favor of the man whose popularity would elect him in } case of his nomination. They met and consulted together, from time to time, and finally decided that the time had arrived; and immediately the Taylor standard was hoisted in the colunins of the Courter and Engurer, and Lafayette Hall, in | Broudway, hired for the meetings of the Wall street Taylor clique. This was the second clique | of officeholders of all parties, who combined to- | gether to effect General Taylor’s nomination, and through that and his election, to obtain the long sought-offices which they had in view. Betweea the two rival factions, there was much bitter f ing and ill will. Each was jealous of the other, and each insisted upon being considered the Taylor party of New York and the whole North. There were other politicia: however, who did not appreciate Gen. Taylor's position before the coun- try, who thought his popularity was evanescent, and would entirely subside long before the meeting of the whig National Convention in Philadelph and who likewise had an eye to the spoils of office. Thexe elected to standby Mr. C and to take heir chances with those of the statesman of the West. This is a short sketch of the preliminary mov mente and occurrences that took place within the last eighteen months, and of the intrigues of the several factions of off politicians. Binally, the whig National Convention assem- | bled, and after a hard struggle between the Clay and | the Taylor delegates, the latter succeeded, and Gen | ‘Taylor was nominated os the whig candidate for | the Presidency. By this event the ultra Clay men | were mortified, their long cherished hopes of off and eoup were annihilated,and after along andardu- ous struggle to obtain the nomination of their man, they found themselves at length utterly prostrated. Under these circumstances it well be sup- posed ‘they wete not in the best of humor, and | inany of them threatened death and destruction to } the whig party. Fora long time, the whig generel | committee, which had all along orted the claims of Henry Clay, refused to call a n ratify General ‘Taylor's nomination, At length | they iseued a call for that purpoae ; but, on second | thoughts, it was countermanded, and, some time | afterwards, enother cali was issued, in pursuance of which the meeting in Canal street was con- | vened, Gen. Taylor’s popularity, in the mean- | while, increasing, not only in New York, but throughout the whole country, North, East, South, and West, At this meeting, all the disappointed Olay men, and a goodly proportion of locofocos, were in atiendance. y sought, by every means in their power, to prevent Gen. Taylor's nomina- tion being ratified, and by freely using their lungs, their throats and their hands, succeeded in creating # preat deal of noise and confusion. Hence we have an explanation of all the groans, hisses, &e., whieh | characterised that meeting, and which were faith- fully reported at the time in thre paper. This 1s an explanation of the scenes and inei- | dents of thet meeting, and those of our readers at a distance, who have formed the 0 ainion from a Taylor's | a8 hey | perusal of its proceedings, that Gene popularity in New York ie not #0 great | fous state of things in our courts. tory which we acquired by the first. We want a lute time, energetic as we are, and cannot pos- | sibly swallow up such an extensive country as Mexico at one meal. |General Taylor 1s just such a man. Lis determination and brave- ry are well known to the Mexican’, for he has given them many meme military dictater who may be at the head of the Me n government will be very cautious about meddling with any thing affecting the United States, while General Taylor was our Chief Ma- gistrate. Hisnume alone would be sufficient to crush any such attempt in the bud, if there were any one who might have the temerity to undertake it. In the meantime, however, our present go- | vernment will be under the necessity of acting very | in order to enst Ametican citizens now in Mexico. decisively towards Mexico: safety of the In ‘regard to the projet of the establishment of a monarchy in Mexico, with any of the Bourbon fa- mily at the f id of it, there 13 more difficulty in in consequence of the events spired in the old world, Yet design of putting Montpensier in If any such at- | tempt be made, it will immediately involve us in pain; and in | difficulty, with not only Mexico but such anevent, what would be the destiny of the beautiful Island of Cuba? It should then come under the cortrol of the United States, in such a conjunction of matters, and forever after form part and parcel of the United States, Tux New Covr or Practic.—The new code of practice, as prepared by Mr.Graham and others, and adopted by the Legislature, went into operation yesterday. Various opimions as to the probable efiect of the new system, are expressed by the members of the bar ; but a majority of them seera to have no ce that it will be | munity. Its Jeading features are the abolition of all forms of action, the old system of special pleading, and the distinction between law and equity suits. Every proceeding by one party against another is called @ “civil action,” and whether it be what would formerly have been called a law suit, or a Chancery suit, the proceedings are to be substan- tially the same. The first step iz, what is called the * complaint,” to which the defendant puts in an “answer ;” then the ahaa files a “ replica- tion,” and thus the pleadings become complete, nd the cause is at issue, ready to be tried by a y. Itremains to be seen whether this new form yu | of proeceding will be an improvement, and whe- | ther the old distinction between law and equity jurisdiction might not with advantage have been Pp eserved. ‘There is one feature of the new sy stem, and the Jaws connected with it, which will produce a cu- We refpr to the right of each party to call and examine the other as a witness, the plaintiff or defendant put- ting his adversary on the stand and subjecting him to a rigid examination. This will in all pro- ; bability oreasion many more perjuries than now occur; and in one cave at least, it will operate strangely. When aa insolvent person is sued with one perfectly responsible, who is alleged to be his copartner, the insolvent moy be examined to fix his debts upon one able to pay them. The modus operandi of this part of the new system smells strongly of the Roman code. ‘The learned codi- fiers must have dipped into the Pandects for it, or elee they received it from some personage at this side of ‘the water, deeply skilled in Roman lore; but it will not stand the test of this age of reform and revolutions. We shall, however, watch the progress of the machinery with continuous inte- rest, and, of course, as from time to time the va- riovs complicated questions arise, we shall show how they are disposed of. ¥ ‘ It seems very clear that years will be required to show the practical working of the new contri- vances, and until each part, has begun to perform its fnnetion well, there will continue to be, as nena! the “glorious uncertainty of the Inv nd | h such a probable state of things before us, | able proofs of them. Any | efit the com. | ‘The Barnburners— Maeir Position Their Last Pronuuctamento, The movement commenced by the barabnrners of this State being one of great importance in the present state of the country and of parties, we have spared no pains or trouble in fully expliining it in the columns of this journal. We accordingly pub hshed reports of John Van Buren’s speeches, oa several occasions; ex-President Van Buren’s le to the Utien Convention; a full report of the pro- ceedings and nominations of that convention; and to-day, we publish im our columns, the promunci mento of that convention, to all good and true barnburners, in this and all other States,on the earth, over the earth, and in the waters under the earth—out of which it is supposed Mr. Van Buren has been fished by some of the faithful, with a hook baited with the Presidency. This pronunciamento 1s a curious and remarka- ble document. It embraces, in full, the principles advocated by the new party called barnburners, and contains a clear exposition of their doctrines and position, It purports to explain the causes that compelled them to hoist a separate standard, repudiate the proceedings of the Baltumore Coa- vention, and nominate candidates of their own for the Presidency and Vice Presidency. It is from the pea of the Hon, Benjamin F. Butler, or Citizen Butler, ashe has been dubbed by the new party. The opimonsand views promulgated in it, attract a prodigious deal of attention, and are looked upon as of great importance in this part of the conntry, and scon will receive equal attention in other parts of the Union, especially in the North and Hast The importance of the movement, however, is much overrated, in consequence of Mr. Van Buren’s personal connection with it, and from the fact of his being nominated as the candidate of that party. ‘This, however, is the smallest feature about it. It has, in fact, given | importance to him, and not he toit. This attempt | on the platform of the Wilmot proviso, and ulti- mately to embody the whole anti-slavery sentiment | of the North, has given to Mr. Van Buren person- | ally an importance which he does not deserve, and a“degree of consequence—a dangerous conse | quence—which he has never heretofore possessed. in any of the various positions which he has been placed in before the country. It is like digging | him out of the retirement of Liadenwald, as geo- | logists dig beneath the earth for some curious and extraordinary fossil remain, to attract the notice j of philosophers and speculators. It is like exca- vating the mountains for saltpetre and sulphur, to furnish materials for a general exploston of a con tinent. And why all this importance to Mr. Van Buren? | Asa man, he 1s utterly destitute of public princi | ple of any kind. Fora long period of his life he occupied a bold and manly Sonthern ground on the slavery question, and he never saw or acknow- ledged, any immoral tendency in that position, un- | til he was defeated by Southern influence, and re- | stored to his private residence on the banks of the Hudson river, as one whose public life was for- ever finished and sealed up. But he has changed | that position; and from a knowledge of the cireum- stances, and of his past history, together with the | ing, the conelusion | | is irresistible that he has meditated it ever since | his defeat in 1844, and on the nomination being again tendered to him in 1848. All the letters + which have come from him, and all the develope- ments which have been made, within the last two years, show that he held himself in reserve for | | the nomination in Baltsmore ; and it being with- | held from him, and given to another and more po- pular man, Mr. Van Buren, with his personal | political friends, has thrown himself into | this new movement—this terrible current, this dangerous rapid—combining, as itdoes, all the mo- ral and immoral sentiment, floating through the Northern States, in hostility to the slavery institu- tions of the South. Ile and his party have, indeed, | planted themselves on the principle contained in the Wilmot proviso, as a fulcrum on which to use | their lever; but that is all nonsense—a mere baga | telle—albeit there is so much stress laid upon it in | course which he 1s now pur. ioe euenatey their speeches, their letters, and in | the proceedings of the convention at Utica. It amounts to one thing only, and thatis, to form a great Northern party, for the first time in the histo- ry of the country, in opposition to the Southern | States, on the institution of slavery. ‘This movement acquires greater torce, and more | | roterest, and additional danger, from the fact that the Southern members of Congress, of both of the old parties, assume a position directly opposite to | that assumed by the barnburners. They take their ground broadly on the platform of slavery, and on | its extension to the new territory acquired from Mexico by the treaty which has recently been rati- fied. Mr. Calhoun boldly, decidedly and deter- minedly marks out this policy, and is followed in the same strain by Mr. Berrien, of Georgia, who | | seldom chimes in with Mr. Calhoun, He hkewise | takes bold, plain Southern ground, openly and | above-board. Yet Mr. Berr and a supporter of General Taylor’s nomination. Ia ad- dition to this, we find that the dis nted journals e hereto- is a wih fore been in favor of General Cass, have dia. | | ted him, and are assuming the position taken by | | this Northern party, which 1s being organized on | | anti-slavery ground. The Tribune, heretofore a leading whig journal, jumps iato the new move- ment with ecstacy, rejoi¢es that the question of | slavery has atlength come up, and that New York has uttered her sentiments thro Mr. Dix. It is | | probable, therefore, that the discontented whigs of | New York, with the odds and ends of all parties | which entertam feelings of hostility to the South, | will unite in the Northern movement, and organize a vast and terrible party on anti-slavery principh a ground of opposition that may lead to unntte! ble danger to the country at large. ‘The convention of the discontented whigs at Wor | cester, has 8volved a new feeling on the subject, j and the applause and shouts in favor of Mr. Van | Buren, and of the position which he has taken, | may be looked upon as a foregone conclusion, that there will be a vast accession of force to ‘this | | movement from Massachussetts and other East- | | ern and Northern States. | The course of this new movement is onward. A general convention of the Northern States, enter- taining common feelings of hostility to the South, isto assemble at Buflalo, on the ninth of August, | and it is probable that the nominations made at Utica will be confirmed by it, and the flag of anti- slavery be added to that of the Wilmot provivo Thies might lead to a concentration of a new and dangerous party, calculated not only to defeat and _ paralyze General Cass, take away his strength and annihilate his hopes, but enter into competition with those conservatives of all kinds who have | been forming themselves into a party for the sup- port of General Taylor. In regard to the subject of slavery in Oregon, that will, no doubt, be settled during the present | session of Congress, by the adoption of the | Missouri compromise line, but that will have | no influence on New Mexico and California, the terntory of which is as well adapted for slavery as the soil of Virginia or Louisiana. This move- ment will still goon. The question of abolishing j slavery in the District of Columbia will be adopt- ed. Every effort will be made to defeat the esta- blishment of slavery in the new territories, and +f unsuccessful, the new party will organize anew, | make further attempte, and if possible procure the repeal of any laws that may be made for that pur- pose. Thus the movement may goon from time to | time, and if successful, will finally end in hedging the slave States in with legislation in despite of the compromises of the constitution, and per | | heaps the: dissolution of the confederary as it 1s at resort organized, | | of producing a revolution in Mexico, was gene- | the one hand; and on the other hand, Mr. Van Bu- | opinion. American Stream Siirs.—Mai Conrracrs — We learn that the Charleston line of steamers is to be increased to four, in order to have a semi-week- ly communication with that city: That line has b en highly successful. We also learn, that the owners of the Crescent City intend to build ano ther steamer, like her, to run between this port and New Orleans. It must be gratifying to every American to wit- ness this suecess in ocean steam navigation, Tie Crescent City ean beat the overland mail from one to three days, and she will, therefore, afford means for the transmission of letters ; and we understand that the owners will take all papers and letters gratuitously to New Orleans. All will be pleased to hear this. Itas to be regretted that government should in- terfere, directly or indirectly, with the sucesss of private enterprise, as exhibited in the above state- ment. It is understood that the assignees of Mr. Sloo’s contract are not able to proceed with that contract, unless government will make them an advance of twenty-five thousdind per month. It would seem, then, that two hundred and ninety thousand dollars per annum, or two million nine hundred thousand dollars gross, is not basis enough to carry them through; therefore, they feel obliged to call upon government for eight hundred dollars per day for this purpose. It appears strange that men should obtain a con- tract from government, fgiving them seme thou- sand dollars per day, for establishing a route now successfully commenced by another concern, or other parties, without any aid except their energy, | experience and capital; and yet, as has been re- presented, be unable to go on without aid from the said government. The public will be most happy to see this line in successful operation, but accord ing to contract. “When, however, they acknow- ledge their inability so to do without further aid | from government, and ask for an advance of mo- ney to enable thei to build their boats, the ques tion then arises, 1s not this carrying the joke a little too far? There are some men With capital in the United States, who would be most happy to make a con tract by which they could be guarantied money s.fiicient to pay all the expenses, and they have all the profits; and there are many, apparently without capital, who, in addition to such a gua- rantee, would have no objection, in-the first place, to having the money advanced without interest. To be serious, however, as both the original con- tractor and his assignees have been re as abundantly able, let them proceed, bac! the two millions nine nundred thousand dollars, but don’t let them put their hands into the publie treasury in advance. If this, however, must be done, and they insist upon it, then open the door ; and, with the new conditions, submit the whole to public competition. Such a course would save the government more than half a million of dollars. Van Buren ap BurR.—It has often been re- murked by those acquainted with both the persons and characters of Mr. Van Buren and Mr. Burr, that there was a great resemblance between them, in intellect, in ambition, in manners, and might be in destiny. The recent movement made at Utiea, and the position taken by Mr. Van Buren on the Wilmot proviso, leading eventually to a great | anti-slave excitement of the day, would seem to tend far to fill up the parallel between these two remarkable men. Burr was disappointed in his hopes of succeeding Jefferson; and he immediate- ly set on foot an expedition, which, under the name rally thought to be intended to separate the North | from the South. Mr. Van Buren, more politic in | amore politic age, and less military in disposition | than Mr. Burr, has headed a movement at Utica which may have the same results upon the union of these States, as those contem- | plated by the original project of Burr, un- less the good sense of the people of this country | should prevent it. According to all aj rances, under the name of Wilmot proviso, an attempt is | now being made to form an immense party of the North, generally imbued with ail the anti-slavery | feeling, and placed -in hostile array against the South. Ifthe conventions held in the free States, and the general assemblage which 1s to meet at Buffalo on the 9th of August next, should follow the lead of Uta, and go forthe Van Buren nomi | nation, he may be able to artay an immense party | together upon anti-slavery grounds, in opposition to the South, and in opposition to General Cass. In fact, as things now are, and as this mevemeat progresses in these latitudes, the prospects of Ge- neral Cass are melting away every day. Now, if the anti-slavery feeling should increase | and spread, under the lead of Mr. Van Buyen—as | there is every appearance that it will—there will | then be, before the 7th of November, virtually, only two candidates and two parties in the fi jene- ral Taylor and union, and practical legislation, on ren with the Wilmot proviso and anti-slavery sen- trments, and hestility to the South, and ultimate- ly, disunion, and every thing else which may fol- low in its train! People of sense, and sound Americans, may se- lect between them. Exection Reveirres.—We are glad to see that the moral and independent press of our Large ci is generally coming out in favor of de propriety, in conducting the Presidential election, now taking place. The songs, log-cabins, revel- ties and orgies ; the drunken frolics, and all the other exhibitions which disgraced and disgusted the country during the last eight or ten years, are ina fair way of being changed for the better. The great revolution of the old whig and loco- foco factions, which has taken place under the po- pular name of General Taylor, will be the signal and the commencement of a change in the public taste in the manner of conducting elections, In the recent struggles between the different factions, as shown in the tumultuous assemblages called Tatification meetings, we see only the straggle be- tween the moral and immoral elements of popular The old party leaders, with all their tr.cks, are going to the wall; and those who are bout to take their places in the present contest, should be careful to mark and note the signs of the times, Those ridiculous campaign papers, so call- ed, which are generally reservoirs of all the filth aid abuse of a political struggle, ought to be se doned, and discontinued by the public, just as mut as the vulgar drunken miustrelsy of some of the recent Presidential elections. Let the public only patronize those regular journals, published regular ly and possessing a permanent reputation, which are caleulated to give correct intelligence, without the degradation of the filth of the political leader of the day. That is the true course. Asmnicans Anroav.—We Silas E. | les initiale Burrows, Esq., of thia city, suiled on Fn lay in his yacht, the Patapsco, for St. Petersburgh, Russia, He is bearer of despatches trom the State depart- ment to our minister at the court of the Czar. It is the intention of Mr. B., we understand, to visit the principal ports on the Baltic, before his return to the United States. This will be the first trip of an American gentleman across the Atlantic in a pleasure yacht InreLiiGence ¥rom Brazi, ann THE River oF Puare.—We have received the journals of Rio Janeiro, to the 27th of May; the news they ain is trivial und local. The chamber of de- puties continued in session, occupied in the discussion of matters purely domestic. The dates irom Montevideo are to the 12th of May. Peace was not yet concluded with Ovibe ; all the negotiations to that efieet had utterly failed. General Rosas seems to have interposed to prevent the acceptance of the terms and conditions sug- gested by the French and Pnglish agents, to Oribe. The French had, therefore, landed their artillery for the defence of Monte Video, which was pro- nounced to be in n state of si EDITION FRANCAISE SOMMAIRG Drs NOUVELLES AMERICAINES. POUR ENVOYER EN EU4OPE Par le Steamcr “ Britannia.”’ Mexique. Les nouvelles que nous recevons de ce pays sont, pour la Vera Cruz du 18 Juin, et.pour Mexico du 33 du méme mois. Cette derniére date les troupes qui se trouvaient encore dans le voisinage de Mexico s’étaient mises en route pourla frontiére, entrainant i leur suite Parrigre-garde de Parmée Americajae. Le géué- ral Worth, lui-méme, a quitté la ville, et Herrera qui avait enfin consenti, aprés des refus réitérés, & accepter la présidence, était arrivé pres de Mexi co, escort’ par la garde nationale. Ce mouve- ment décisif indique que le drame long et san- glant qui vient de se jouer au Mexique est enfin arrivé & son dénouement. Ainsi qu’il arrive pour les euvres d’un succés douteux et fatigant, la elé- ture en était vivement souhaitée par les auteurs et les spectateurs. Aujourd’hui que la paix est signée, que les evénemens de cette compagne sont tombés dans le domaine de histoire, il serait curieux et interessant d la fois de placer les objets, dégagés des passions de rivalité et d’amour-propre national, sous leur véritable lumitre d’en examiner les cé- tails, et d’en déduire les conséquences. Le mo ment est maintenant venu de se livrer & une appr ciation raisonnable de cette guerre, et de ses résultats. Nous comptons traiter ce sujet plus tard. Le cabinet mexicain d’Hervera vient de se con- stituer définitivement. 11 se compose du senor Otero pour Pintéreur, du senor Cuevas pour les aflaires étrangeres, de Don José Maria Jiminez pour la justice, D. Mariano Riva Palacio pour les finances, et du général Ansta pour la guerre. Nous regrettons vivement la retraite de M.D. Luis de la Rusa, ministre des aflaires étrangéres sous Penay Pena, aux efforts duquel fla paix est due principalement, et qui mieux que’ tout autre, se trouvait en position de la rendre profitable au pays. Aujourd’hui surtout, ce qu’il faut au Mexique, ce sont des hommes qui lui apportent, avec la liberté, les institutions qui en appellent le regime, la fer- meté qui en assure le triomphe, la droiture, et la loyauté quien consolident le régne. Nous sou- haitons fort que le personnel du nouveau cabinet remplisse ces conditions nécessaires. Nous apprenons, parle Siglo XIX, que trois régiments d’infanterie, trois compagnies de cava- derie, et une compagnie d’artillerie, appattenant & Varmés du Mexique, devaient quitter Quérétaro, et se mettre en marche pour attaquer Paredés, qui, aujourd’hui, menace sérieusement le pays. Les Indiens de leur cdté commencent & devenir réelle- ment a craindre, les troupes dont nous venons de parler sont également destinéesa les chatier. On voit d’apiés ce rapport que les motifs d’inquietudes ne manquent pas av nouveau gouvernement mexi- cain, et que ses débuts ne sont point déja si facile Le pére Jarauta et un individu dy nom de Mar- tinez ont surpris la garnison de Layos, dont ils ont faite préfet prisonnier. Non content de cet exploit, ils sont allés jusqu’& proposer un plan de constitu- tion dans lequel, désavouant le congrés mexicain, ifS déclarent que les Etats sauront ressaisir la soue ainté, qu’ils ont perdue, et qu'il profiteront de leur indépendance pour continuer la guerre. Cet ces d’audace ne peut provenir que d’un exces de faiblesse dont le gouvernement assumerait toute la responsabilié, s’il laissait vivre le coupables 4 Vombre d'une impunité @angereuse. Nous appre- nons du reste gue celui-ci est fermementdecidé a punir les factieux, et qu'il a d pris les mesures énergiques pour réprimer les desordr Jusqu'iei Paredes est lennemi le plus sérieux du pouvoir étab “est ce monarchiste enteié quia jeté dans le pays le sonfile d’insurrection nt il estagité ; e’est Ini qui mains, dit-on, le fil de toutes les séditions, Ini qui a com- mandé le mouvement du_pere Jarauta sur Layos, Iu encore qui souléve, les tribus Indie, : seduit par Pappat de promesses tromp lance contre ses compatniotes. iad soient cependaut les efforts de Parisd ladmimstration d’Herrera en. triomphera facile ment; car la cause quil defend est perdue d’a- vance ; n’est-i] pas curieux de voir combattre pour 3 et la monare! dans le nouveau monde, alors que tous les trones s’écroulent dans la vieille Europ:. Nous tiouvons dans quelques journaux le ré des cruau qui auraient eté exercées sur femmes mexicaines accusées d’avoir en des rel tions d’intimité avec les américains. D°apres ce: journaux, ces malheureuses auraient été vietumes des traitements les plus barbares. Les Mex Jes auraient depuillées de levr chevelure, et apres leur avoir murqué le visage d’an fer rouge portant U.S., ils leur auraient méue, ea plu- sieus circonstances, déchiré les o; On prétend que 2,000 femme: exicaines ont suivi Parmée des Etats-Unis et se disposent a quitter le Mexique ; pour se soustraire & la bs vengeance que leur préparent ainsi leur eompa- triotes. Un grand-nombre de mexieains com leurs relations amicales avec les amé dant occupation, se disposent également aux Etats-Unis, craignant d’étre persécutés aussi- tot apres le retraitdes tronpes amecricaines. Nous avons peine 2, croire i ces détails qui nous donnent une bien triste -idée de ta civilisation dune partie des populat! M. Sévu est emb Orléans, i bord d'un st On annongait aux dernier ral Herrera, cause de sa maui demis de li présidence; mais que sa démission ne serait pas acceptée par le mexican, On pensait qu’il n’en persisterait pas moins, parlait de Pedraza, d’Ellari » Don Luis Cue- vas et de plusieurs autres placer. Les Senors Roea, mir uénéval Anaya, ministre de également démis de leurs fonctia Une conspiration terrible a eelaté dans la ville de Mexico, dans, le but de renverser le gouverne- ment et d’exterminer et les partisans de la paix et ceux qui sont en faveur du traité. L'@avre du nga déa commer cing des plas proéminens partisans des Etats-| out 6té massacrés, La conspiration avait pour chefs le Pere Jarauta et le géneral Parédés. Il est convenu entre les deux nations que les troupes d Unis auront toutes df quitter le sol mex'cain le 22 da mois de juin. _ Des lettres de Zac: t-cas font appréhender une incursion de 2,000 Comanches dans l’Etat de Saa By Inutile dajovter que la terreur est géné- rale. Les yola ont répris leurs cours, comme avant la guerre. Pas une voiture ne sort de Quérétaro ne se rendre i Mexico, qu ne svit déva- isée. A Mexico, les vols et les outrages de toute font journaliers. ne Te géné- sétut a guerre, s’étaient sorte . Yucatan. Nous donnons aujourd’hui comme complement des nouvelles que nous avons déja publiées sur PYueatan, Pextrait d’une correspondance particu- litre datée du 1% juin, que nous croyons digne de toute confiance. Les détails qu'elle contient ré- pandent une luenr plus sinistre encore sur les éve- nements deja si sombre dont nous avons fait le ré- cit. On verra que les miséres qui aflligent ce mal- heureux pays sont loin de tirer & leur fin, et qv’h moins d’ane intervention des Etats-Unis if eat me- nacé d'une ruine complote. Il est difficile, en face de pareils faits, de com- prendre, Vgttitude immobile du Congres devant cette question, plusieurs fois deposée sur les bu- Teaux, et toujours rejetee sous un pretexte ou sous un autre. On gait que la position des mathe: Yucateques a excité i plusieurs reprises dans cos différentes places la commisération des populations américaines. Des citoyens honorables é unie dans cette ville méme, pour leur ve cours et une liste de souscription eireule maint - nant d cet effet. Cette question d’aumanité a eu de toutes parts de nombreux échos: elle a retenti sur les rives du Mexique ; un moment, elle a arrété dans leur passage Jes braves soldats américains re- venus i Vera-Cruz, On parlait dans cette der- niére ville d’un corps de mille dents*eux qui devait s’organiser, et partir pour la edte Yucatéque lors- qu’est arrivé, des bureaux de la guerre, on ordre qui enjoint & chaque soldat de rentreran foyer amé- | terminés prendea parti contre lui, 2 Ticcin pour y étre licencié. L* projet a done avorté par suite de cette mesnew, +t les malheareux habitants de PYucatan, se voient privés des se- cours yolontaires dont ils ont ua si pressant be- soin, A ceux qui douteraient encore de la position véritablement critique ou se trouvent plongés nce malheureux voisins du golfe, nus citerons les ex- traits de la lettre que nous annoncons plus haut, et qui a été publiée par le Picayune “La ville de Yzamal, dit cette correspondance, située 2 environ quinze lieues de Mérida, vient d’étre prise par les Indiens, et on suppose qu’an. grand nombre de blancs ont succombé dans cette affaire. Quinze jours auparavant onze mille fae gitfe, composés en partie dv feinmes et d’enfants sont entrés a Mérida, afin d’y ciercher un refage : Daprés les nouvelles regues de Pintérieur, cette ville ne serait pas non plus & libri des sauvages ; on sait que Mérida n’est pas défendue, et que sa. ion ne la protége point contre un coup de La poulation plongée dans Vanxiété la plus vive, s’attend d’un momenta l’antrea tre assailhe | Les sauvages se sont empurés de la ville de Ticul, | place assez importante située dans le voisinage de Mérida, et de la menacent d’envahir cette ville. De méme que tous les peuples, lea-Iadiens oat aussi leurs prophéties. Celie qui circule mainte’ nant parmi eux remonte i la conyuéte du Mextque par Ferdinand Cortez. Cette prophétie sanguinaire comme les instincts des races iadiennes, leur pro- met une éclatante revanche, duns les murs de Mé rida, “Vos pieds se baigneront jusqu’a la cheville davs le sang des blancs vos oppresseurs,” leur an- nonce Chilam Balaam leur mulomet, & eux. Cette opinion entretient la superstition dans leur esprit, | et les rend beaucoup plus dauyereux. Les environs de Campéche sont & la veiil+ d’étre occupés par les Indiens; il en a paru déa duns les environs Mérida est maintenant le point le plus exposé; il renferme, y compris les fugitsis, pds de 60 mille | dmes, la plupart incapables de porter les armes. La population est’ plongé:, au morale comme au physique, dans la plus aflreuse décresse. Cruelle- ment exposés a la misére ct &-la fim, sls échappent & ces fléawx, ce ne sera que pour tomber plus surément sous be couteau des sauvages qui guettent leur victime avec unasuge impatiente.” Ce tableau nous semble ass“z sombre, pour que nous n’essayons pas de le charger davantage. Un fait suillant surgit de toutes vs nouvelles que nous. avens regues jusqu’ict. C’ qu’an secours de mille, hommes, envoyé par les Wtuts-Unis, au Yu- catan, svflirait pour relever le psys dela malheu- reuse situation ou ilse trouve, y arracherait pluie siewrs centaines de victimes & une mort certaine, y 1établirait Pordre ct la tranqailité, et lui assare- rait, pour longtemps peut-Gtre, un ere de paix et de prospérité.—Nous avons, 2 regret, vu, dans plu- sieurs circonstances, le Congres des Etats-Unis se | mettre en opposition directe avee les instincts gé néreux du pays. Sil faut, pour secouer son é- goizme, toucher la corde des intéréts propres de l'Union Américaine, nous lui dirons d’envoyer, suivant la recommandation du “Président des Etats-Unis, wn secours prompt et efficace & PYu- catan, e’efit été d’une sage et habile politique, | méme sous ce point de vue. Nous avons dit en eflet comment, par une coin- cidence étrange, qu’il faut’ uécessairement ratta- un plan conceniré sur une vaste échelle, les che: | Indiens se sont soulevés, & la fois, dans toutes les patties des deux Amériques. Bien qu’ils n’aient nidiplomatie, ni courrier de cabinet & leur service, | ils sont parfaitement et promptement instruits des événements survenus sur chacua des points, ob insurrection a levéla téte. Les suecés remportés par les Indiens de l’Yucatan, ont encouragé ceux des autres pays ; un exemple terrible au contraire, les ferait rentrer dans l’ordre; les Etats-Unis agi- raient done dans leur propre cause, en portant se- cours & la population blanche qui a fait un 61 pres- sant appel & leur intervention.--Tout en chatiant sévérement les barbares de Yucatan, ils détour- neraient tres probablement, Vorage terrible qui | menace en ce moment, leurs nationaux établis en Orégon.—Rien n’est terrible et ne se propage | comme les guerres des cas'es ; dans ces dures ex- tremités, les différences des nitionalités dispa- raissent pour céder la place & Vhumanité. Nous déplorons vivement pour le Congrds Américain quwil ne lait pas compris. ws " Les derniéres nouvelles publiées dans les jour- naux de Campéche, ne sont gneres rassurantes. On nous annonce que les Yucat®ques ont livré mm combat aux Indiens, combat dans tequel ces der- niers on perdu neuf cents hommes. age ment a eu lieu prés d’un endroit appelé Bolinchen, | et les Indiens aprés une complite déroute se sont | enfuis dans les montagnes. On n’en voyait plus aucun dans les environs de Campéche, Sisal et Mérida ; mais toutes les petites viiles_du pays on | 6té ou détruites par les sauvages, ou évacuées pat les Yucatéques. Tous les habitants de Pinterieur | sont venus & Campéche, Mérida et Sisal afin d’y | trouver un abri contre la fureur de ces terribles: barbares. Le gouverneur Barbachano se sert de touts les moyens en son pouvoir pour recruter de nouveaux régiments. 4 On annonce larrivée & Campéche_ d’uue cat- ere de mais envoyée par les habitants de la | Nouvelle-Orléans pour, soulager da malheureuse population entaseée 2 Campéche. On devait ex- pédier & Mérida les deux tiers de cette cargai- son. La ville de Ticul a été entitrement détruite par ~~ les sauvages. ‘ Tzamuel est 2 peu prés dans le méme état. Barbachano a lance un décret severe contre tous ceux qui seront pris parmi les Indiens rebel- | les, ou qui leur aideraient en aucune fagon, en | leur fournissant des armes ou autrement. Ces individus devront étre poursuivis devant une cour iartiale, puis fusillés. On a off-rt une recompense pour appréhension des coupables. Les habitants de I’Ile de Carmen ont adressé au Commodore Perry une pétition pour le prier de ne pas retirer ses forces de leur parage avant que la_ Gouvernement mexicain n’eut pourve & leur sure- té. i Le commmendant, Bigelow, gonyerneur civil et juilitaire, avait préalablement ordonné & tous les Indiens, employés dass Vile comme domestiques,. de soxtir dans les dix jours, et défendu a tous les autres Indyens d’y embarquer. c i péninsule Yucataque est toujours dans un état désesnéré, * Venezuota, it, In navire arrivé de ce pays, le 2 juillet i Boston, hous a apporté des nouvelles de Caracas ala date du 15 juin. Une bataille 4 été livrée entre le géné- ral Monagas et le général Marino. Le premiera &é défait, et a pris la fuite. On s’attend & ce que Hermingilde Garcia qui commande deux navires charges de munitions et de huit cents hommes dé- Les troupes du gouvernement sont au nombre da, 5,610 hommes commandés par d’habiles généraux On croit partout que la guerre civile vaeclaterde tue belle. Antenio de Gusman attend ses passeports pour partir pour les Etats-Unis, mais il ne quittera 'e pays que lorsque le résultat des élections pour la vice-Présidence sera connu. Les eandidats pour cette lection sont:—Gusman, Munoz et Sanal- via, le ministre actuel de Pintérieur. Le généra! Paez est’ Santa Martha et le géné-. . nal Soubletic, ancien President & ta. a Aux derniéves dates, le général Flores était a Panama, détermine a se rendre & PEquateur, ot ses partisans sont en grand nombre. Haiti. Tes lettres particulidres datées des Cayes le 30 i, coutiennent les nouvelles qui snivent 4 Te général Jean Claude a envoyé un corps de troupes pour attaqner les villes de Camillon, Sain'- Louis et Aquin. Ces places se sont rendues depuis. lore, et de terribles représailles onten lieu. Cent cinquante prisonniers ont été mis & mort dans les. prisons de Camillon, et la téte de Pun des chef Lovis Jacques, a été promenée dans cette ville au bout d’me lance, pour servirde legon & ceux qui seruient tentés de Vimiter. Les troupes ont trouvé les villes de Saint-Louis et d’Aquin désertes.. Los maisona ont été livrées aux soldats, qui ont commis toutes sortes exces, Ces troubles ont ew, malheureusement pour cause, en grande parti wie question de races, et la population de couleur: a eu grandement & souffrir. Mier, le Prémdent apt | arrivé ici pour y rester quélques jours. Sa pre- gence aura sens doute pour résultat de mettre un, terme icet état de chore i i Me ~s