The New York Herald Newspaper, August 26, 1846, Page 1

THE NEW YORK HERAL Vol. XII, No. 930—Whole No. £67. THE NEW YORK HERALD. JAMES GORDON BENNETT PROPRIETOR, | Circulation---Forty Thousand, DAILY HERALD—Ever) day, Price 2 cents per copy—$7 be eunum—payable in advance. hs EEKLY HeRALD—* ‘Sat rie Mg cents LT PHERALD FOR EUROPE Every, Steam Packet day. Price 6% cents per copy—$3 00 per annum, payable in a WABVERTISEMEMTS st thelusual prices—always cash ERNTING of all kinds exeouted with beauty and des ! letters or commanications, by mail, addressed to the ¢ 4. cted from the subscription money remi . JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Ni Your i my et ts pe Ee JOHN HERDMAN & £9. United Sgates and Great Britain and Lrel: Established = Ofice, 61 South street, AY ih a & LO., CS Possage to and from Great Britai d Treland. i Wy the" Otd Ba Ri anesaraiy hehe wee eke every hve dx th eattontion of Old Country: rally to their unequalled arrange- to. eae of the House a Livacpodl be condacted by its serra Neti he sending forthe friends will at once see the greet importance of this arrangement, as it will preclude Logie delay of the emigrant, ips, employed in. this known to be of the first and larg by men ‘of experience; and as they'aal Stents the selgectten link facet ; ers look forward for tion of that patronage which has been we ibecally those engage funded as custo: post paid ark, the passage. money will be re- For further parrieal : SWERDMAN & Cone guieuded to ween & so many years in case any oO! a for som iy ‘do uot embark, the oa. mary 5 Liverpog ‘be HERDMAN Drafts for any amount can_as us Tarnished, it spthe principal Banking Institutions throughout ingdom, on application as above. iy28r PACKEIS FOR HAVRE—SEUOND LINE. i = of this ite will i fe Year in the tol- lowing order :— Ship UTICA, Capt. J. A. Peirce, Ship ST. NICHOLAS, Capt. N. W. Eveleigh: Ship ONEIDA, ‘apt. Funck, Ship BALTIMORE, Capt. J. John- ‘ston. a’ Dee. 1, Jan. i6. They are all of the first class, ably commanded, aud with accommodations ample and commodio he price of pas- sage in the eabin is $100, exclusive of wines and liquors. ‘Apply to BOYD & HINCKED Agents, No.9 Tont ine Buildin No. I street. Goods. sent to the agents for forwarding, will be subj none other than the expenses actually pad.” austin? GLASGOW AND NEW YORK LINE OF PACKETS. pak wishing to send te riends in any part of Scotland, to sail direct from Glasgow, can make arrange- ments with the Subscribers, to have them brought out in any of tne regular line of Packets. monthly from Glasgow. ba The ANN HARL ‘aptain Scott, ADAM CARR, Capt Ewen, BARACEN Captain Hawking. Comprise the above line,and the high character of those ves- sels should be inducement forpe..ons who may be sending for their friends in Seotland, to make arrangements for s (the ouly line. Further particulars given, on application 19 ‘W.& J. T. TAPSCOTT, 75 South street, corner of Maiden Lane, or Messrs. REID & MURRAY, alor in Glasg NEW LINE OF LIVERPOOL PACKB@S. a S .. ry >. a F month. From New York. New ship Liy 1 , § Dee. ship Hise gh dage New shi the W: {Stone F Woodhouse,” New Ship Rochester, 800 tons, John Briton. Ship Hottinguer, 1050 tons, Ira Bursly ono ae oatancal, fast sailing, rat class pa all buitt in ew York, are comman, o ty, aud will be despatched panetually on the Zist of Their cabins are elegant and commodious, and are furnished with whatever can conduce to the ease and comfort of passen- gers. Price of passage $100. Neither the captains nor owners of these ships will be re- sponsible for any parcels or packages seut by them, unless regular bills of lading are signed therefor. oF Heh OF Posen OOS ULL & MINTURN f $1 South street, N. 4 FIELDEN, BROTHERS & CO.” mire Liverpool. NEW YORK, WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUS T 26, 1846. Letters from the Army. Camp Potx, Governor’s IsLanp, August 17, 1846, i | I am commissioned and mustered into the ser- vice of the United States, as Second Lieutenant of company ——, in Col. Stevenson’s Califurnia Re- giment, now encamped on this beautiful island. Whatever may have been sai » or may be suid, | concerning the expediency of this expedition to California, it may be well to have it known that | 20 persuasion or argument could, apparently, ia- duce a single member of the regiment to desert or {abllsnmene mare be pase Aa the Noster alt be dae | Bve UP his commission. d At Present the utmost harmony and good feel- ing ig maintained among the volunteers, which is to be attributed mainly to the excellent and ef- ficient method of government introduced here b the goles and gentlemanly Colonel of the regi- ment. The officers generally, and more particularly the Colonel, appear to understand the responsibility they necessarily incur on an expedition of this na- ture, and to be amply competent to the discharge of their appropriate dut A few evenings since a band of musicians at- tached to the regular army, assembled near the camp ground of the volunteers, and played a se- ries of most beautiful airs in exquisite style. The melody floated off upon the b!ue water and echoed and re-echoed in a thousand ton Tt was very beautiful. The volunteers ieft their tents, and at the conclusion of each piece they made the very a ring with their noes and cries for repe- ution, The probable future operations of the regiment are, of course, involved in doubt. But the cardinal and glorious fact that these men are mustered into the service of the United States, and that they will soon embark for foreign service, yet exists, and will continue to exist, in spite of the immense ob- stacles which have been thrown in the way of our organization. The plan ofthe enemjes of the ser- vice for our overthrow have been affticipated in some instances by the energy of the Colonel, and on all occasions they have been ultimately defeat- ed by his remarkable discrimination and constant vigilance. Success tothe service and the regi- ment, and honor to the Colonel. To-day is a very cool and lovely day, and the sea breeze is truly animating and bracing. The men are all under drill, and they bid fair to compete successfully with the discipline of .the regulars, even at this early day. Iam writing on a camp chest, and I hope that the absence of proper con- veniences will constitute some sort of apology for the miserable manner in which I write. Good bye. You will hear from me again soon. _ San Juan pg Busgno Vista, July 11, 1846. This is a splendid country ; vegetation pros- pers here ; two crops Wes can be raised with ease; itisa beaunful black loam; wells have been dug several feet deep, and at the bottom it was the same asat the top ; it would appear to me that the soil will last a century without the least trouble. It is a magnificent sugar or cotton soil ; itis a pity for such land to lay idle. The Rio Grande, emptying into the sea, makes it the more valuable to the planter. The river is navi- Ban some five or six hundred miles for steam- ats of light draft, say five or six feet. Northern men that are desirous of making a rapid fortune, should embrace the opportunity of purchasing this land—it can be bought dirt cheap. There is very little clearing to do; the timber is light, and men can be hired here for five dollars a month, that understand the management of plan- tations, which is much cheaper than negrees.— The towns or ranches, as they are called by the Mexicans, aie ver shaly; settled. This is owing to the slavish condition that they are subject to. They hire themselves to Alcaldes, in English call- ed Justices of the Peace, fora specified sum that is not sufficient to maintain them, and by this means they get in debt to his highness, and he NEW YORK AND GLASGOW LINE OF PACKET! a a 5 ; vromcdauel. daly 1s Ship SARACEN, N. T. Haw! > o , Br. Ship BROOKSBY, H. M’Ewen, Nor. i, “Aug, jarch 1. . be. i. May Ib. Br Bark ADAM CARR, —, } Deer. pe. ky. Juno is Br. Bark ANN HARLEY, R. Scott, A ib. 4 eT Retras 15, These ships are good, substantial vessels, ably commanded, and will sail punetually on their regular days. tions for passenger,are every?attention will be paid to promote cheircomior. ‘The agents or Captains will hot be responsible for leprblaht ertomee apeiy' or ‘or passage ° WOODKULL & MINTURN, 87 South street, New York, or are REID & MURRAY, Glasgow. MARSEILLES LINE OF PACKETS. ‘uuderme....ion Ships will ba regul mp Are, te ice on the Ist, and from Marseilles the 10th of each month the year, as follows :— iy Dap tai PRUCE de JOINVILLE, (new) Lawrene MIssUnt, Silveste RCOLE (uew) Ereleighs NEBRASKA (new) 0 hips. Capt VCE de J TLL, MissoUnie NV She: Grew) Fa ARCOLE, (new) ASTON. EBRAS The: o for comfort and convenience. jreased to ents will be forwarded free of other charges than those acto Paid. Bor freight or ly. to, CHAMBERLAIN 6 PHELPS, Proprietors 0, 103 Front street, oF to ‘& HINCKEN, Agents, mitre #Tontine Buildings, 88 Wall,cor. Water at. ralty. BRITE ‘D NORTH q CAN HOY AL MAN SEAM SHES, tons an se power each, un- ereontract with the Lords of the Adm. A Capt. A. Ryrie. pt. E. That. tt, CAMBRIA. CaviG. Hf Yadkin. Wallet fri Liver ai Bionton, vie Halifax, as fol ee ROM BOSTON. FROM LIVERPOOL. Aug. 16, 1846, 19, 1846 Britnnnsa, Camb No berths secured x a sree, ‘or ireight, Passage, or any y to i seal Semaihe! 8 Were Torenighs during che cubed pesthatia Bet year Going ly, between Liv oak , and een Liverpool and New AREAREE Goma ERTS Groat Belin oF Ireland,ean procure drafts £] and apwards sree dnmards Without dvevene E on demand, i principal fowne thronghout the United Kingdom. e roy! mail steamer will ieave Bos'o: on the I6tl avant, and ‘he steamship" Great Westen” will sail from och ane. > can be for- 2 doors below NOTICE. EE cere Pelo Bein IF: public are ed PPR it ot ce holds them as slaves. The debt increases, and they are held in bondage from father to son.— Some few run away from the hard usage they receive from their masters, and settle along the Rio Grande, and trade in horses and such like.— The inhabitants that have come under my notice are very indolent. Affairs in Mexieo. [From the Boston Journal, August 24.] A letter from Vera Cruz, dated August 1, has been re- ceived in this city, and placed on the books of the Ex- change Reading Room, as follows : The garrison of this place declared yesterday in fa- vor of Gen Santa Anna, and against the actual govern: ment. I send you herewith a copy of the plan of the re- solutions, which you will oblige by having published without of time. they triumph—say four months after take | pr oquersor of the capital. This will make it a mat- be Reins parte ater se at a ate I ~~ not of opinion ere is any disposition on the of that people to seck a pacific solution of the quet Li sii: f (raansation] Ata meeting of the General in Chief, and officers of the 8th regiment quartered inthe heroic city of Vera Cruz, to take into consideration the calamitous state to which the republic has arrived—and to seek the most immediate remedy to place it ina career ot prosperi- ty, &e. It was resolved, to adopt the plan of the 20th of May, pronounced by the military garrison of Guadalexara, with the following amendments : 1st. All those who may have been banished for politi- calopinions since the year 1921, are invited to return to the republic and co-operate in the present movement. and. By this the circumstances of the war with the United States, are to be considered as in nowise changed; but it is for the Congress which will assemble to deter- mine relative thereto, and forthe Mexicansto obey their resolutions. 3d. A general invitation is proffered to all those in this department, who may have taken up arms against the existing order of government, to unite in this plan, which has for its object the public weal alone. 4th. As His Exceilency Gen. Don Antonio Lopez Santa Anna had the glory to establish the republic, whatever may have been his errors, he wasa supporter of public liberty and national honor—for this we proclaim bim leader of this Signed by the offic Army er ph ~ [From the St Louis Republican, Aug. 18.] 4 We understand, from a reliable source, hensions are entertained at Fort Leavenworth, y U. 8. officers concerned, that the requisite supply of pro- visions cannot be forwarded to Gen. Kearney. Great exertions have been made by the Quartermasters at this place and at the Fort, and Loge 7s their agents and as- sistants, to procure the means of transportation. All the wagons which could be made or purchased have been bought and sent upto the Fort. A large number of wegone and teame—in fact nearly every ove that could be had, have been bought in the upper country, yet with all these exertions, only provisions sufficient to supply for sx months the men General Kearoey has with him have gone forward Heexpected to receive prov sions jor twelve months, and this amount will be necessary for the subsistence of his troops, for all the trad re aad persons acquainted with New Mexico concur in saying that provisions tor such a force are nut to be had in the provinces tion to the troops with General Kearney, Col 's regiment of about 1,0u0 men; Lieut. Colonel Wil- lock’s extra batralion of about 5uv men; Lieut. Colonel Allen’s battalion of the Mormons, about 60, which, with teamstern, &c,, &c., will make a body of abont 2,500 men, have yet to go forward, and for these, bute My amount of provisions bave been sent forward. Probably not mose than sufficient to supply them on their merch. In a few days, the regiment of Infantry now raising, will also be ready to march, and they also must be sup- plied, From the number of men 4 Yet vo go, it is evident that the quantity of provisions which it will be nece: to Lon even to furnish six months supply, is much larg- er the quantity already sent forwa: To cross the prairies Kt ls seoogenry thet the team should leave by the middle, or at ittheat, by the last of September. Teams leaving at that time nce considerable toe in performing the trip. season has been unusually dry, end there is great scarcity of water on the plains. lithe fires break vut early, which may be the case, because of the drought, the teams may not be bound, he remarked that we should not need a guide, woul company at the fort.” St. Louis Republican. for his open and manly qualities, and for delity to ultimo, lamented by all who knew him, Affairs of La Plata, No. VIL. Buznos Ayres, 18th May, 1346. 21st November, between the combined English Prata. ence to what had fallen from the noble Lord (Beaumont) with respect to the opening of the that it would be accomplished lawfully and peace- ably; but on this subject, "he had only tore- peat the sentiment he had already expressed, in that house, that he could not pretend to exercise any right of navigation with respect to the river Parana, both banks of which are within the Argentine Republic. Todo so would be contrary to constant practice and expressed principles, peace were not established, and events should take an unfortunate turn was another question ; but at present they were negotiating with th State, with which ‘they were not at war. Tis true that a blockade of Buenos Ayres had been established, but that act, though approaching to a condition of hostilities, was not necessarily a state of war. This country is not at war with Buenos Ayres, aud he trusted that it would continue at eace with that State, and that it would not be long before their mutual relations were restablish- ed Very recently Gen.-Rosas had made fresh proposals, which, though, not in their present state admissible, might possibly lead to an amica- ble adjustment.” Now, this speech was made on the 19th of Feb- ruary—the expedition started from Montevideo about the Ist of November, the battle of Obligado was fought on the 2lst, and an illustrated account of it published in the London Morning Herald on the 81st of January. What can be thought of Lord Aberdeen’s remarks under such circumstances ? Will any one believe that the English Minister at dition and the battle, previous to the 19th of Feb- ruary? Even if the Minister had never written in relation to the forming or sailing of the expedi- tion, or the subsequent battle; or if his despatches had never arrived, still Lord Aberdeen was in pos- session of all the facts, fiom the public journals. What then can be thought of his barefaced effron- tery in relation to the Parana? The truth is, Lord Beaumont placed the outrageous enormities of the mediators in so glaring a light, that Aber- deen thought to screen himself from the gaze and detestation of the world by wilful misrepresenta- tion, and a quasi-denial of his own acts; for the instructions to Ouseley show that he did not act without authority from Aberdeen. The famous Parana expedition was undertaken able to cross at In view of the number of men go- ing out, the difficulty of procuring transportation, the amount of supplies indispensably neceseary for the sub- sistence of the tr ¢ fact that te ams cannot cross the iW aires trom the Ist of October until about the Ist of U folt just causes for apprehension We tet ther taal culties may be overcome by the energy 0 ot the officers who have the matter in chi ‘As an evidence of the great demand for eams and drivers, the suttlers have agreed to wi ey ‘as fifteen cents pound for the of stores. The ernment, we presume, will pay that much or more, the time the cost of wegons, teams, drivers and the depreciation and losses of horses and wagons are added to the bill. If the requisite quantity of provisions is not forwarded, it may subject Gen. Kearney and his command to much inconvenience, if not totally defeat the purpore of the expedition. Company K. of the 2d Infantry, under command of Capt. ABTA sod tor sonsutions eetioned ot this military t, started en route for the seat of war on Sunday last. They went down as far as the Sault Ste Marie onthe schr Napoleon.” In the meanwhile, the government pro- perty bel to the Fort has been placed under tho charge of Col. a'Nair—Lake Superior News, ug. 1. We received, yesterday, a letter from « gentleman at- tached to the “ dated the 10th instant, trom which wo make the extract :— “After a march, we arrived here on the 20th ult, and are now on the eve of our de- ture for the Plains of Fer West. During | Seams 9 tll sajoyed. good bonlth vou by the * mediating” ministers, for the purpose of aiding the rebellion of Corrientes against Rosas, and to induce Paraguay to unite wits Corsiantene { have told you betore that @orientes had been in rebellion for some time, and that their conduct had induced Rosas to suspend the navigation of the Parana. The E. and F. vessels of war convoy- ed the large number of gmerchant vessels to give the whole matter a mercial appearance Paz, a General of some distinction of the party opposed to Rosas, from one of the neighboring provinces, was selected as the leader of the troops of Corrientes. Sometime in November, Para- quay, Corrientes, and General Paz, doubtless un- ler the ned ae of French and English diplo- macy,entered into a treaty against the “tyrant and despot” Rosas—*‘not against the Argentine confe- deration,” in which they stipulated not to lay down their arms, the one without the consent ofthe other, and not till they had accomplished the ob- jects of securing for Paraguay her independence, and for Corrientes her full rights in the Argentine confederation, and the free navigation of the Pa- rana. Gen. baz to be director of the war. The expedition carried up arms and munitions of war to supply this army, and English and French agents to advise and encourage them. Rosas immediately ordered General Urquiza, the Gover- nor of Entrerios, to leave the Banda Oriental, where he had remained since the batile of India Muerta, at which he so completely routed Rivera and to take with him the Argentine troops, and to march with all possible expedition to meet Paz. Here, | might remafk, all was accomplish- ed that the mediating ministers said they desired; Resas’ troops were withdrawn from the Oriental ees and they had possession of his squa- roa. e Urquiza marched with great rapidity a distance of si, a encountered the uard of Paz’ army, an took prisoner the leader of this division, Juan Madariaga, the brother of the Governor of Corrientes, and pursued Paz to the borders of Paraguay; he then returned to a strong position im Entre Kios, to recruit his men and horses. These events induced the English and French mediators to believe it doubtful, whether they could accomplish any thing through the instru- mentality of Paz and Corrientes. They, there- fore, approached Urquiza with professions of sympathy, and offers of bribes; he seemed to lend a willing ear, till finally, he got from them the definite proposition that they would unite Corrientes and Entrerios intoa single state, make him Governor, and guarantee its independence. So soon as he got this Pres in a proper shape, he communicated it to Governor Madaria- ga, through the instrumentality of his brother. still a prisoner, to show him, what confidence he could place in the friendship of his transatlantic friends, who had so recently furnished his troops with arms and munitions, and had been so pro- fuse in professions of friendship. The effect on Governor Madariaga, cannot be doubted—he saw at once, the perfidy of the ** mediators”—saw that their object was to get control of his country— that, notwithstanding their recent professions, they were bargaining toturn him adrift, and give his province to U;quiza, to buy him off from Ro- as, and to s cure his submission to their views. He resolved to retrace his steps, and to join hear- tly in the American cause, agains: European do- mination. He entered in 0 correspondence with Urguiza. The legislature then in session seeing this, became alarmed for their own safety, and dispatched messengers to Gen. Paz, asking fora division of the army to guard them. Madaraiga heard this, and immediately arrested a number of the members, put them in prison, and raised a force to meet the troops coming from Paz. When he did encounter them, the majority joined him, and the others fled, without corning to action. In the meantime, the members of the legislature es- caped from prison, and fled to Paraguay. These cireumstances were learned here by the capture of the English echooner Obligado, on her way down with despatches from Capt. Hotham and his French associate, the ‘* sub-mediators”’ of the interior to the “ grand mediators” at Montevideo. The schooner got aground in tlre night, was dis- covered early in the morning by some of General Mansilla’s flying artillery, and fired upon; she was immediately abandoned by her officers and crew, and in such haste, that they left the correspond- ence, and all their clothes except those they had on. This correspondence has been sent here and published. Captain Hotham had left Corrientes to come down, before the difficulties occurred. Expresses were sent after him by foreigners living there, asking his return. He started back to “ re- settle” the affairs of Corrientes, and dispatched the schooner to tell Ouseley and Detfaudis of his difficulties. Poor Hotham had but little success on his second visit ; at the last intelligence he had | left there. Urquiza had sent about 1000 troops under the command of Juan Madariaga, the pri- soner, to aid the Governor. They had completely routed Paz and his army, and he hud fled to | guay, and is said to have been delivesed up to fi by the Paraguayans, but of this there 18 s0me bt. Governor has a decree, forbidding all communication between ports ef Corrientes and fore: Rasen wl and he gl ing in full concert st ine far, A Cipakn oF 7u% UnirEn Stazes. versing a day or two ago with a gentleman from Pawne: ‘ ° ; : Fork, where he left Gen. Kearney’s command, water | Extracts from Foreign Journals RECEIVED AT THE as the graves of men, and the bi f horses + land tan ey NEW YORK HERALD OFFICE. Prove quite prominent land-marks. ‘The ‘DeKalb | Rangers” are re d by the lars as the best riled | fantry. Captain Worth was am officer beloved ed rofession and ceuntry. He died onthe aut | risoner in one of th condition, shot his gua ase. He wasin the Guer an American ite, and was also at Trafalger. Alt are too numerous to be repeated, and although ho | entitled to royal patronage, the | obtained was the wardenship of | which he held until supe were ordered to do duty 4 | grand Government lines are now being del In my last I gave you an account of the grand expedition for the opening of the navi- gation of the Parana, and of the battle of the | Obligado, thirty leagues up that river, fought ied by the new police, who ere, Lieutenant Pearce “— much respected by a large circle of friends, and b: with whom he public character. {From the London Herald, July 25.) ‘The revenue authorities came acquainted in his prit and French squadron, convoying the expedition, and the Argentine troops. To-day, I aceidentally | got hold of the London Times, of the 20th of Febs | ruary last, containing Lord Aberdeen’s reply to Lord Beaumont, on the affairs of the Riodela e had under their consi- effects, unaccompanied by the proprietors, arnving in London from the Continent, in transitw for the United subject to examination and to tions, previously being forwarded to the port from which ¢t! of opinion that, r facility, the goods in question may be the warehousing regulations, upona pa xamination only, in cases where the party shall be enabled to furnish an endo: the contents of e: quantities of glo ing surveyors or pi States of America, bein; He said :—“He would now say a word in refer- tnbutary river of Parana. That, no doubt, was aot : in assor a great object; and some day or other he hoped iucipal peste rawr) pass the samo, provided does not exceed five dozen cation being made to the commissioners of the customs on the subject, orders have been issued to the officers at the several departments in the port of London to govern themselves in this matter in future according cipal officers ot the warehousing department at the dock establishment and quays having been directed to take care to afford every possible dispatch in the cases in question, and to observe in every instance that the letter principal officers of t! outport or place of shipment be noted “ immedi forwarded to those pla: irs, without special appl treme point. The line from Trieste to Vienna will pl Germ be the interest of Austria to Siger the carrying of t! project into effe company at present solicits authority to construct, at (most righteous judge!) What might happen if] 0 sdvice to the by the first post after the exa mination of the packages has taken place, in order that lay or inconveni may arise to tho pai that this order particularly refers to the bagga; ties in transit for the United States, whic! this port from the Continent, and intended to b immediately from Liverpool or other port in more immediate communication with the United Sti and this partial relaxation of the strict rul: nt in the matter in thi importance to the parties concerned, ‘on the part of the commissioners to effectall that can possibly or reasonably be done, consis- tently.with the due security of the revenue, for the co! venience of the public. The American Tariff in England. {From the London Herald, July 23} ‘The announcemeat of the Tariff Bill having passed tho House of Representatives of the United States has ex- cited less iaterest inthe City circles than might have been supposed. The truth seems to be, that, on examin- ing the details, it iv feared that although the scale is rofessedly adopted with reference only to the revenue t will produce, the duty it will impose u nufactures of first-rate i have been imposed avows their domestic industry. There ma; i in other cases, be something in aname, like the child’s rattle, may be suflicient to please tail of the American democracy, although square with the view of our ultra free traders as ing in good keeping with the equilibrium of reci. Merchants are, however, less competent than manufacturers to form a correct judgment in such cases. and it will be as well to await the decision of Manches- jam, before pronouncing finall: and the depart very considerab! and evinces a de: Montevideo, had not informed him of the expe- rtance might just as well for the purpose of protect assessment for such ter, Leeds, and Birming) he liberality of the Americans as enunciated in their of the American residents ry tariff. The best informed here entertain no apprehension but that the pass the Senate without cause, as the scale stands, of the most enlij ny material modi on the credit or their credit to others, except to repel inv htened whigs, a lent Polk. The general is that there willbe of the fall trade with the United States, on advantageous terms, provided the mar not glutted as in every other part of the world view taken in the commercial c: a considerable ental e An English waninr” ¥ of the Dismemberment {From the Live: 1 Mercury, July 10} We have endeavored, yy acareful examination of tho state of Mexico, to prepare the public mind for the intel- ligence which, from a private, but rfectly trustworthy has just reached ive to the state ofthat future relations with t ugh that the example not likely to be thrown away. The com- It was obvious upon that of the Birmingham and Gloucester, 38 kilos, (24 English miles.) In taking a glance over the general European continent, we find that the development of the | railway system in Italy has been exceedingly tardy; but a | better state ef things is about to intervene. ‘If the States of the Church and several of the second-rate principalitios On the 17th instant, Lieutenant Thomas Pearce, R. N., | are excepted, all the remaining States of the Italian A letter from St. Augustine. announces the death of ¢xpired at his residence, Kent-road, aged 76. Deceased | Captain Joseph 8. Worth, of the 8th regiment U.8 In- | Was the eldest son of ‘King William 1V., and was a | lieutenant since 1807. He had seen much service, and | signalised himsel i ther in several nay 1788, and was taken lof seeing him in tha ninsula are now lending a hand to the works. The first Eines undertaken on tho other sido of the Alps, and which /w open for Naples, Various important projects have been recently set on foot, and, as already observed, the work of im- provement is proceeding with great ‘activity. Th on—the Genoese line, the Turin line, and th Fe line. These will connect the metro} italian States with the sea, with Switzerland, and Nor- thern Italy generally. For communication with Lom: bardy it will be necessary to extend the Milan line, above alluded to, as far as Tesin. It is also proposed to connect Savoy with Piedmont by tunnelling the base of the Alps immediately contiguous to the defile of Mont Cenis. A line from Turin to Chambery is now under discussion, and, if carried into ‘effect, will be one of the most astonishing works ever completed by the hand of man, Besides the Guvernment lines just alluded to, there are others of second-rate importance, which are immediately to be commenced. Petitions have been ad- dressed to Government, praying for the establishment of lines between Turin and Pignerol, between Turin and Sauaglio, and from Sasal to Valance. A line from Turin to Milan, pursuing itscourse on the left bank of the Po, will be shortly proceeded with. In Lombardy the affairs of the line between Milan and Venice are going on rapid- ly. ‘This line will have a sort of zigzag course, and will renew the ancient connection which subsisted between these districts of Italy. The second-rate lines of the Lombardo-Venetian kingdom are those which proceed from Milan to Como, and the towns of Bergamo, Mantua, and Cremona. Upon the completion of the various lines at present in progress in the interior, a com- munication or conjunction will be established between | the Lombardo-Venetian lines on the one band, and th which will eventually be constructed in rovinces with the German frontier, of which Trieste is thi y in direct communication with Italy; and it will Upon tl ¢ right bank of the Po own cost, a line from Ancona to Bologna, with the i tion of continuing it as far as Modena and Parma. Unk opposed by the Holy See, this project will be imme: ately commenced. [n the event of its being carried into effect, the valley of the Po will be traversed by two great lines, of which one will terminate at Venice, the other at Ancona. In Tuscany the line from Leghorn to Florence is being rapidjy proceeded with, It is already open from Leghorn as far as Pontadera. Two companies have ob- tained leave to commence lines from Lucca to Piva, and from Sienna to Florence. The letter line is known un- der the designation of the “ Tuscan Central.” In the kingdom of Naples the lines from the capital to Castella- mare and Capua are now open for traffic. The Capuan line will yet be extended to the frontiers of the States of Church, and will ultimately become a portion of the line destined, beyond a doubt, at no distent day, to connect Rome and Naples. Stare ConstirutiovaL Convention, Monday, August 24 —Mr. Kirkland presented the memo- rial of Seth Hastings and others, trustees of Clinton Grammar School, in relation to the Literature Fund. Referred. Mr, K. also presented the memorial of W. H. Shearman and others, of Oneida county, in relation to the rate of interest. Referred. Mr.K also presented a memorial from Oneida county as to the forms of deeds and mortgages. Referred. Mr. Aten, from the committeo relative to mui corporations, made the following minority report :. ti “No special act for ogre antsy ‘any city or village shall be granted: but the legislature shall pass general Jaws for incorporating, organizing and defining the duties and powers of cities and villages, including the following rovisions ;— §2. For the opening, widening or altering streets and in incorporated ci and villages, the consent of a majority of the persons to be assessed for each open- ing, widening or altering, shall be necessary ; and the improvement shall be confined to the to be opened, widened or altered ; and ent shall exceed fifty per cent of the va- d, al §.34No city or village corporation shall borrow mouey bility of such city or village, or lend jon or sup- press insurrection, and for other purposes, except by the unanimous consent of every member elected to the com- mon council of cities, or very member elected to the board of trustees of villages; and also, unless by an act of the legislature, or proof of such unanimous co: which act shall specify the object of such law ; and shall provide the meant, by directing a pro rata ount of th incipal of such debt to be annually assess- on and collected from the estates, real and personal, In such city or village, av # sinking fund for the redemp- tion of such, debt or liability; but such corporations may nevertheless make temporary loans in anticipation of their annual revenue, not exceeding, in any one year, twenty-five per cent of such revenue, or for a longer pe- riod than six months. Mr. Brows moved that on and after to-morrow the af- ternoon sessions commence at 3 o'clock. Amended so as to-read 34% o’clock. And that the morning sessions com- rati pel enjoyed by all subjects of the United too favorable contrast to the state of anarchy, uncertain- into which Mexico has fallen, not to stim- ulate reflecting, cautious, and peaceable citizens, to an vor to attain the blessings which the power, lity, and tranquillity on which the sister republ founded, promised to thoso who sought the tection of her institutions. Accordingly the examp! Texas has at some distance been followed b; and more recent information warrants the belief that Ca- lifornia is also about to demand admission into the Union. From a Spanish letter, dated Guadalaxara, March 17th, which has reached the city, ami is authenticated by the Times, it appears that “General U1 e from Rosario to the Commodore of the United adron cruizing off Mazatlan and San Blas, nd on him and his forces to de- Mexico, and the annexation to the United States, of the following Mexican places : Sinaloa, Sonora, Chihuahu: per lifornia.” Probably from a desire to avoid re e absence ol instructions, the repre- Model Republic” has answered, ‘It is not time yet: I have no instructions from my govern- ‘Assoon as I receive any, | asking him if he can de; clare the independence ment to comme! will enter into an for this purpose. ‘here can be little doubt that this over- ture will be followed up. The war party have been too tich territory of California not to en opportunity. The slave-holding ly embrace the means now presented for the union, and depress- of the anti-slavei ill be is extension of their dominion from the Atlan- tic to the Pacific, and the prospec! holds out to the sanguine of ultimately redu whole continent of America to the sway of their si ‘The facility with which the change may be ac- of the recommendations of the policy which produces it. It requires no war—no increase of taxes—no sacrifices. try in no quarrels with powerful states, because no vernment can interfere with the voluntary act of Mexican people, and their free choice to regulate their own affairs, to elect their own rulers, and shape their We are evidently on the eve of great changes in the aspect of American affai fraught probably with important results to the com- merce of Europe. 'The Raliways of Europe and America. {Abridged from the Paris Constitutionnel.} At bea of the yer ed there bet 16,400 ‘or nearly 9,900 miles) of railway open to passengers in | Courts. : i States of Atnerice.” The Cost of their construction amounted the sum of 3,937.000,000f., ,000 sterling. The expense of & kilo. (rather half mile English) of railw timated at an average of 244, calculate the amount of population in the two quarters of the globe just named at 234 millions, we shall tind that a capital of 19f 6c. for each individual has been alrea expended towards railway construction. however, laid out in constructing this distance of railway varies per each individual, accurding to the advance- ment which any parucular country may have made in adoptiug this mode of couveyance. be staved at about 30f, 10c. each individ! 74f (£2 19s, 2d. sterling) ; in Holland, many, 4t.; in the United States, 49f 67 70c-; in Germany. Ital; eager to acquire th ing the counte: And the ambition of the t which the aequisition the complished is not the least It embroils the coun- own constitution. , and of events Europe and the Unit 1; in England, r kilo., we shall find it t Britain, 60,000f ; in in Germany, 160,000. Ui to be in Holland, 210,000 States, 119,001; 200,000; in Cuba, 190,008; and in Rai following is a table showing the total pense of railway construction in the count up to the close of the year 1845 :— jually taken place in art apply road travelling, have been very remarkable. first locomotives in En at the rate of only 10 So great was the im |, With 40 tons power, travelled los. ‘per hour (6 English vement ina few years, that kilos. per hour, in 1934, the speed of the Firefl: in 1899 the Noi . per hour, (37 Eng- (16 English miles ;) was 34 kilos. (20 English miles ; Star moved witha celerity of 62 kil 1nd at the present moment |i arrived ata speed of 70 kilos. per hour, (42 English mi: During the sume period (since 1425) the quantity of ‘ed for the propulsion of locomotives was dim: tes, pracimery mence at 834 o’clock ; and as amended, the resolution was adopted. Mr, Sueraup offered the following section as a part of the constitution :— The legislature shall, at as early a period as practica- lic was | ble after the adoption of the constitution, provide by law for the simplification of the pleadings and practice at law ‘of | and inequity. Referred to the committee of the whole on the judiciary reports. Mr. J. J. Tavcor presented the following amendments to the reports on the judiciary :— &. It shall be the duty of the first legislature that shall assemble under this constitution, to revise the pr ce, pleadings and proceedings in all the courts oi justice, with the view to reject from them every thing isele: to promote brevity, clearness and simplicity, to lesse: expenses, to provide for tho amendment of and pi and in the duty of the le; in five years thereafter, again to rev: pleadings and proceedings with a lik § The legislature may provide for commissioners, to revise the practice, 65, | ceedings,in all courts of justice,and to report to the legis- lature such reforms therein as shall be calculated to pro- mote brevity, clearness and simplicity in such practice, Jeadings und proceedings, to lessen the expense and de- ays of litigation, and in every way to further the ad. ministration of justice to the best advantage, and least expense to the publis and individuals. ferred to t! reports. i . Tavtor proposed the following amendment to the same reports:— ‘The legislature shall provide by law for abolishing the di between suits at common law and equity, and shall, from time to time, as may be necessary, revise the forms of proceedings in all courts of j , with the view to reject from them all useless matter, to promote simplicity and further ju » No party, in any civil suit or Proceeding, all fail of relief from having mis- conceived his action or the form of his remed; shall be the duty of the legislature to provide for the amendment of proceedings in cases where it may be ne- cessary to save the rights of parties. Referred to the committeee of the whole on the judici- bas Fg rts. ir, ‘ateRsuRY offered the following proposition— which had a like reference:-— Resolved, That there shall be elected by the people one supreme judge, chosen by people, whose duty be to simplify the pleadings of law and equity, e e its! kilos. | and bring in unison the proceedings through ; Said juége te be elected once in three years. Mr. Puy offered a resolution to take up the re- rts on the powers of taxation by cities and villages, Re. after the reports on the finances. Tabled. Mr. Stow offered the following resolution: — Resolved, That the Comptreiler be requested to re- port the counected theréwith), from and including the year 1817 showing from what sources the money thas expended was derived; specifying the amounts received and ex- pended in each year, aud genorelly the objects or par- poses for whieh such expenditures were made Pending debate on this resolution, the hour for taking up the special order arrived, and the Convention went into Committee of the Whole, on the Judiciary reports. ‘The debate was continued by Messrs. Nicholas, W. Tay- lor, Mann, Brundage, Kirkland, and Werd—the latter not having concluded when the committee rose. Recess. Albany Argus. Scentontodacneme —————— State Epvucationa, Convention.—At the ses- sion of Wednesday, at Utica, Hon. Samuel Toun delivered an address upon “Common Schools.” On Thursday the reports of different officers were read. The Treasurer's was particularly laconic. Dr. Osbun, Your Trea- paid any out ; , , noris there any funds ig | eupied by religious and other societies during this submitted his report, briefly as follow: surer has received no fu nor hes the association owes no pay any.” Report accepted. The nomin tee presented the name of Joseph McKeen, “The direct influence of the teacher over the Pe the | painted, cushioned, and everything fixed in Pel- After the passage of one or two resolutions touch! tion of office of Superintendent of Common Schools, and Secretary of State, the convention al- journed. Wyartr’s Buriat.—At half past 9 o’clock yoster- day morning, a Jai number of citizens assem- bled at the North burying-ground, to see that Wyatt's last request wi should be comp! ‘ith. A suitable had been provided by the citizens, (let it hore be obes ed that the original coffin in which t! or was opened, and the body transferred from the coffin, and conveyed to a re the cemetery remete from other dead, and silently and decently inte body when taken from the cask was much bloated and pruised. It appeared that it had been rudely jammed, head i oths, that is, six tons of coal were consumed former; ip with Rosas and Urquiza. So much for the ‘nodes of the grand expedition, and the sub-mediators thus pt 43 ae ee theo interrogated knowledge . When confounded by its expo- Rnewledae of (oe ots Doctor refuced to surrender it unless the catk and alcohol were for, which Mr » of re the Milan line and that of | worth telling. The clergy have got at it! Se now | all ye common folks “stand from under,” “clear the ring,” and “no gouging!” Quite a war of | words is being waged by one Rev. Wm. W. Pat- Hartrorp, Aug. 22, 1846. Fall—Rumpus amongst the Clerical Profession— New Pt —Advice to himn—New York and Hartford Railroad, via Danbury. Fall—the season of all seasons, begins to remind us of his approach, by requiring us to doff our thin jackets, and button up our dress coats. The weather this week has been rather gloomy for tho middle of August—rainy, drizzly and chilly. We have had here one excitement after ano- ther, but all of mushroom growth and substance, until we can now lay our hands on something ten, the new pastor just settled over the 4th Pres- byterian church, in this city, against the Rev. Dr. ‘awes, for many years pastor of the Ist Presby- terian church. “The Voctor’s serious offence, was the not reading of a notice from his pulpit, on the Sabbath, sent him by Patten, of an abolition sermon to be delivered that evening at his church. The Doctor was the same evening going to have services in his own house, and wished his people to attend their own services! For which unpar- donable offence, Patten, who is about 35 years old, and just come into the city, berates and lec- tures the Doctor, who is about 0, through the ed- itorial columns of the abolition paper here—“The Charter @ak.” He calls the Dector some naugh- tynames, and the American board of commis- e committee of the whole on the judici- nual expenditures of the government (other | than for the purposes of canals and railroads and works | si s for foreign missions, ‘Dr. Hawes’ pet baby,” &e. The past week fuel has been added | to the flame, by another publication in the same situate on the left bank of the Po ; and, onthe other hand, | sheet, alleging that ata recent assembly of minis- | ters at Farmington, the propriety of censurin, | Patten for his unchrisuan conduct, was discusse: | and laid one side. ‘ Iam no admirer of Dr. Hawes. His natural disposition is dictatorial and overbearing—but in this squabble he has certainly acted with fore- bearance and in a Christan spirit. Mr. Pauen, I think, will not be much longer in finding out a self-evident trutn to any reasoning mud, viz; that a young minister coming into Hartford, adds nothing to his reputation by editing even tempo- rarily @ political abolition sheet, aud at the same time using his temporary’station, to attack, with- out cause, long settled and well known divines of the city. On Monday next our new postmaster, Normand Lyman, Esq, takes session of Unele Sam’s effects in this city. He has for many years here been a much respected merchant, and has polk- ed into the political drudgery deep enough to merit the office. We trust he will immediately introduce several much-needed reforms in the affairs of our post office. And, Ist, Have the N York mail opened and ready for delivery, in than an hour toan hour and a hall, afier ite as rival, as at present. 2d, That when this impor- tant mail arrives, he will never stop to read the first paper he can snktch out of it, until he hus all the letters and papers distributed, for the perfect jam of merchants and others, waiting for the office to open, to get their turn at the solitar, de- livery. Sa fo give the 400 merchants and me- chanics, who pay the office over $400 annually fer box accommodations, a sepa. ate delivery.— Ditto for the ladies. Ditto for the gentlemen with- out boxes. With these improvements made at his “‘goings-in” he will draw forth many bless- ings upon his official career. He is going into an office surrounded by democratic clerks, with @ solitary exception, and each one faithfal and ex- perienced. He has no cares but to learn his les- son, and suavater in modo see that the public have every possible accommodation extended to them. The eabesri pian of our citizens, pledged tp the New York & Hartford Railroad, already amounts to $250,000. Our country friends on the line of the road, are now seeing how much better in pro- portion theycando To such substantial back- inz up of our confidence in the road, by pled; to take a quarter of a millian of doliars of the stock, what say your New York capitalists 1— Will they not also’ subscribe liberally to this great enterprize, which will pour into the heart of the Empire city, and within a few rods of the centre of news—the Herald establishment—the passen- ers, freight and wealth, from all the New Eng- jaud roads? The subscription books will be open- ed about the Ist of October next. We have no drawbridges to build on this rozd—no steambor competition to buy up annually. We can” begin operations when $200,000 is subscribed ; but those persons having the interests of the road in their charge, wre determined to raise three to five hun- dred thousand dollars at the first start, in order to take it hence to Bnstol or Waterbury. More aon. Boston, Aug. 24, 1846. The Summer Retreats—New Buildings— Theatres and Theatricals.’ By the date of this letter you will perceive that lam in the “City of Notions.” Most of the inha- bitants, who have been at the different watering places.difrin ing the hot season, are returning, after having become invigorated by the cool sea air that blows inabundance en our coast. Nahant and Gleucester, among other plensant and de- lightful retreats about Boston, have been well pa- tronised this season, if I should judge frem the long list of arrivals that are daily published in the papers—and I am glad it is so; thatis,1 am glad that people have come to the conclusion that dame nature did smile once, at least,on New England. There has been a great deal of hencer | done here this season. In Pearl street, large and splen- did brick dwelling houses have been torn down to ive way for substantial and commodious granite Blocks, to be used as wholesale stores—the whol» trade being in this part ofthe city, And in nearly every street in the city, especially Washington street, there has been chinges more or less in this respect. Iam told that the work of demoiition and re-buildin has been carried to ate ex- tent this year than formerly. Some ot the propri- etors of the theatres have not been backward in the mania for buiiding—to be sure the preprietor ot the Museum required a more substan ing, besides more room for his extensive est ment—and he has got it, I should judge, fi looks of the large and splendid granite block that may be seen on Tremont Row, called the Mu- seum. In Howard street, also, a most beautiful opera house is being erected by Boyd and Bearce. he front is of rough granite. Time works changes surely—but four years since, very 8) ol, Where now is to be erected a temple dedica- ted to the drama, was the well known Miller ta- bernacle; and where might have been heard shouts and praises ascending from the believers in that doctrine, of which Father Miller is the head. Last winter it was under the management of a theatrical company, and went by the name tp to and including the yeur 1246, and siso x atatement | Of the Howard Athenswum; it wes afterwards barnt to the ground. During the short time it was open, it met with more success than was expect- ed at first. A moneyed firm, tempted by the overflowing houses that had been assembled, bought the land with the intention of budding that which was needed in the city—a fashionable place of amusement. As I have got so far into theatricals, 1 may as weil give some information on that point, as the season isjust begun. Ineluding the Museum and if New York city, for President. Inthe afternoon, the Rev. Mr. Mc- Elvane appeared and addressed the society. Subject— had been put hae! ), the vaolt the cask to) Making a surplus of receipts of. nt places filled, as far 0] an it y filled with alcohol, We wilt hore pply an impertant ivocated—evaded Howard Upera House, as places for amusement, | there is the Boston Theatre, which opens for the first time to-night. It has unde 6 a tho! | change througnout, and it 1s said to be not only | decorated in good taste but very convenient. This is the same building known as the old Federal | Street Theatre, and fourteen years have elapsed | Since there has been any acting—it has been oc- | but the drama has at last sacc jecording to the posters, I should think they had a good stock company. Then there is the Na- tional Theatre atthe north end, which has been by’s usual style. 1s stock company is excellent. The Boston Siympic is good enough for some per- it is surely on its last legs. 7 a bak ful aay to-day—wind south west. Hodneial year ending May 1, 1846, ‘And of expenditures, of. fourth ennual report of the end expenditurey o1the city of Boston, by the Ci Rediter, at published, ‘The amount of receipts Sorin the nt amount of the city F 000 is at an annual inte: