The New York Herald Newspaper, August 25, 1846, Page 1

Vol. XIi, No. 229~—Whale No, #466. NEW YORK, TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 25, 1846. THE NEW YORK HERALD. | JAMES GORDON BENNETT PROPRIETOR, Girculation---Forty Thousand, DAILY HERALD—Evesy day, Price 2 cents per copys-$? -—$3 124 ceuts pew annum—payable in advance. PUERALD FOR LOR Price 6 cents per copy 00 per annum, payable in ad- "ADVERTISEMEMTS at the!usual pricesmalways casb tablishment, mast be or the eted from the subscription money remitt-d, JAMES GORDON BENNETT, Proprietor of thé New Youn Hexatp Esta North Weateort raf Fulton an ves aud Great Britain and Ireland. Old’ Established grant Office, 61 South street, New York. United Passage to and from Great Brioin sod Wnelend, via. Liverpool © to and from Great Br reland, via Liv By the" Old: Black Ball Line or any of the regular P ceiling every five da The subscribers. in ¢ men aud the public generally to their unequalled arrange- jaents for bringing ont nresengers from the old country, bog leave to state that s of the House at Liverpool will be conducted by its oraneh. ‘Those sending fortheur friends importance of this arrangement, as it will ne essary delay of theemigrout, ‘The ships employed in this I known to be of the first and largest elass, com- men of experience; and as they sail every five Had. The Catholic Chaplains. , Baurimors, August 21, 1846. From Private letters received here, we learn | that the Jesuit fathers are winning laurels, never | fading laurels, every day. The greatest part of the army is in favor of REET TERALDo crery Saturday—Price 6X conta — and meet ofthe apr syd are an <p - ing the spiritual exercises o} int Ignatius, wi! K ary ond Steam Packet day. | deep attention and devotion. ~ You may look out soon for a batch of converts. abel i: Thee eer vere the nopieaen ae ig yy ave the ten millions of Mexicans, with their cathe- aa OG-all kinds exponted with ‘Neaaty enddes | Graig ‘nunneries, convents, their archbishops and All lettors or communications, by mail, addressed to the bishops, and their seven thousand priests, united Postage willbe de- | to the Catholics of the States, rather than be as they are now, as this union would entitle them to twenty-eight Senators, and to one hundred and tatives in Congress ; and. if added e three millions of Canadians, would | them such a preponderance, a protection and se- curity on this hemisphere, as they could never ect while separated. ; he union of Mexico and Canada will put an end to all hostility agai Union. | for | tot JOHN HERDMAN & CO. bos the Catholics in the R Army Intelligenee. t. Holt’s company was mustered on boerd¢he er Tributary thie morning, and will leave for Fort worth some time in the course of the afternoon- The steamer North Alabama brought up to Jefferson Barracks, Lt. Thomas Claiborne and twenty-six recruits ling thr «attention of Old Country: | from Smithland. They were recruited at Nashville, Tenn.— St. Louie Jmerican, Aug 14. Some half a dozen of the Ci tached to Capt Frisbie’s company, in full dress uniform, once see the greet | arrived here on Saturday to see their friends. ‘They nde looked remarkably well-—.#1b. Journal jifornia volunteers, at- Naval Intelligence. can be furnished, mbscribers look forwai fe which has been so liberal! em for so many years past. In case any gaged do not embark, the passage Vor further particul J. HERD) it superior arrangements, continuation of that patron ith tl rd for a Toney will be re Zeger | scurvy. 61 South HERDMAN & C ts for any amount can as all the principal Bankiny ‘ingdom, on application as above. PACKE1S FOR HAVKE—SECOND LINE. Mi Bg ii Psi by the uosetting of the: laun Phe ships of this Line will sail'duriug the yearin the fol- | ©! ,ue bodies has bean recovered. lowiug order :— 6 po fe hed, P y ‘ 3 Pe of 28 days from New York; and the Bonita Ship UTICA, Capt. J. A. Peirce, Ship 8T. NICHOLAS, Capt. N. W. eleigh. Ship ONEIDA, Capt. Funck, Ship BALTIMORE, Capt. J. John-) 4! yes . Jan. 16, ded, and with ‘The price of pas- $100, exclusive of wines and liquors. BOYD & BINCKE! Agents, No. 9 Tout it Goods sent to the ag none other than the expe GLASGOW AND NEW YORK LINE OF PACKETS. ‘They are al! of the first class, ably com: accommodations ample and commodtous. sage in the cabin is ‘No. ents for forwarding. uses actually paid ir irrends in any part of | rec il direct from Glasgow, can make arrange- | [tis difficult to conjecture what effect these events any | may have on our relations with bers, to have them bri by ADAM betta) SARACE} BROOKSBY, —— d the high chara ndacement for pe. ons who may be nds in Scotland, to make arrangements for Captain Hawkins, ) ical ren, Farnese HE acon, corner of Maiden Lane, or NEW LINE OF LIVERPOOL PACKS. ‘o suil from New eS . om Ea month. From New Fork. ' New ship Lirespoo!, 1180 tons, see a cca of the West, Rochester, 900 tous, Ship Hottinguer, 1050 tons, anne Nov. 21 Jan. ‘These suostantial, fast sailing, first class ships, all buitt in commanded by men of experience lespatched punctually on the 2ist of and ability, and will ac! "7 bins are elegant and commodions, andare furnished | 28th. Afler great exertion) with whatever can conduce to the ease and comfort of passen- | than a foot by pumping off gers. Priee of passage $100. i i ‘Neither the captains nor owners of these ships will be re- parcels or packages sent by ‘or freight or ply to ee oF Pee OOBHULL & MINTURN, South street, New York, or to them, unless “NEW YORK AND GLASGOW LINE OF PACKETA. no more water than usual. It is reasonable to infer, ih ii P23 however, that much of the copper on the bottom has been rubbed off. om New York on the Ist, and Glasgow on the It affords me great satisfaction to add that the officers Ship SARACEN, N. T. Hawkins, Br. Ship BROOKSBY, H. M’Ewen, x Br Bark ADAM CARR, ——, bt or paseagas appl For freight oF Passages SP RULL & MIN , eet, New York, or URRAY, Glasgow. MARSEILLES LID OF ou and from Marseilles the 1¢ the year, as follows :— de JOINVILLE, (new) La Silv led by men of perience. Their accommodatic for comfort and convenience. (ioods the its will be forwarded free of other charges than those actu mid, Feige ERE Sener, rom q it BOY) ie HINCKEN, J 9 Tontme Buildings, 8 Wall,cor. Bi KT! CAN ROYAL MAIL STE. of 1200 tons and i again, ree power cate . | oles to fight—that Gen. At H. Jn addition to the above line between Will-start,, Undes the Newt every foreaient y, and between Liverpool ON GREA’ i Ne: Ls oh ‘ap The physician did not consider that he was dangerously tain or Ire'and.can procure itmoney totheir friends in any part of | was severely for spy emnoant ‘trom had [From the Washington Union, August 22) Letters from Commodore Conner of as late date as the ¥ 80th July, have been received at the navy of | ‘The crews of the different ships of the squadron con. tinue healthy, with the exception of a case or two of The bd be arrived at Vera Cruz on the 18th July. The Petrel reached thi rt on the Qist, after a passage rived on Onthe morning of the 25th, before daylight, Midship- man Wingate Pilsbury, of Maine, and Michael Flynn, aman, both of the steans i, were drowned it vessel. Neither A town in the neighborhood of Jalapa had pronounced F'm Harre. | 2&ainst the government of Paredes, and in favor of Santa Anna and federalism. One of the chiefs was secretary of legation to Almonte, when minister to France. The principal chief, Jose Arrillago, is a particular friend of Santa Anna, and said to be a man of energy end ability. At first the movement considered of little impor. tance; but it has since increased in consequence, and from present appearances there is reason to believe it will become general throughout the department of Vera Cruz, Intelligence had also been received at Vera Cruz as Inte as the 2ist from Mexico, of some importance. The ction in Ja- lly defeated at Guadalajara by the commander (Gen Arevallo) nts of Queretaro and Zacatecas pronounced against the government, but not, as is wey to | supposed, in connexion with Senta Anna. ‘xcept with a portion of the army, it is said that this entleman is not popular in the country. The federal- ists have no confidence in his present professions; and without their aid, it is believed, he could not sustain the head of the government for any length n if hia friends could succeed in having him Mexico. Should they lead to a change of government—which is not improba- ble—the party coming into power will likely offer Proposals of peace, as we learn from a source deserving of credit, that such is the desire of many of the most in- fluential men in Mexico. A close blockade of the coast, however, and a vigorons prosecution of the war, seem the most obvious means of bringing them to terms. On the 21st July, Congress passed a law, granting com- missions to privateers. Alvarado, Zecoluta. Zaspam, and Sote La Marina, have been declared ports of eatry. These ports will be included among those already block- aded. Gen. Brayo declined acting as president of the repub- lic on his arrival at Menice. Congress, however’ ve. fused his resignation, and he has since accepted the ap- pointment. Gen Paredes was to have left Mexico on the ath, for the northern frontier. It is generally supposed he will not take that direction. It is stated that some re- poset, amounting in all to fourteen hundred men, have marched from thecity. It is believed they intended to reinforce Gen. Arevallo at Guadalajara. “ Unitep States soir CumBERLanp, “ Off Vera Cruz, July 30, 1846 Shortly after closing my letter of the 28th in- stant, the Cumberland, Potomac, and two of the schoon- ers, sailed from Green Island for the purpose of attack- pemy’s vessels in the river of Alvarado. In yh passing through the channel, leading to the roads of Antonio Lizardo, | regret to inform you this ship, owin; to a strong current, ran on the northwest part of a coral reef, called the Chopas, in three fathoms wat This was about half p 4 o’clock, in the afternoon of the and lightening her more , removing the pro- sels, and depositin; deck guns ona shoal part of the rect, vi (whence they can be easily removed,) with the assistance of the Mississippi, she was finally ex. tricated from her perilous position at about 8 o’clock, P. M., on the 29th, alter grinding in the coral reef for up- wards of twenty-seven hours. With the exception of her false keel, of which small crus! mente rose to the surface of the water alongsi the ship does not ap- pear to have sustained any material injury, as she makes ot to the othe: labor with untiring zeal and assiduity; and my acknow- ledgments are due to Captain Fitzhugh, his officers and men, for the very efficient aid rendered y the Missis- sippi, whose services were of the greatest importance; and to Lieutenant Le Roy, and the men of the Potomac, who shared our oy Po am, very respectfully, Your obedient vervant, D. CONNER, Commanding Home Squadron. Hon. Greroe Banenort, Secretary of the Navy.” The intelligence which we give in detail from the Havana and Vera Cruz, via New York, shows that Santa Anna has sailed for Vera Cruz, in the British steam packet; and that the peovle of Vera Cruz were preparing to receive him. Some revolutionary events may beon the wing, having an important bearing — both internal and external—upon the government of Mexico, and upon the war with the United States. Now. and men of the Cumberland performed, their incessant "r 15. Mexican Privateers, Extract from a private letter dated Havana, August “ne 8th, received in this city :—‘ By the steamer from Vera Cruz, we received inte! gence ‘that the Mexican govern- ment had authorized their consuls to grant letiers of marque to any who might spply for them, with the con- dition that all persons sailing under such lis shall be considered as Mexican subjects, and amenable to their laws. We think no privateérs will be fitted out from this place, as the authorities will do all they can to pre- vent it. Some ma; get out, if it is thought an; thing canbe made by the business. Two commissio from Vera Cruz came in the steamer to req Santa Anna to return and take command. It i that he will not go.”—Bosten Transcript, Jug. 22. Incidents, &c., of the War. There was one thing which was somewhi the Seminole Council, which I forgotto me} the egent informed the Indians of ere somewhat incredulous at first, b1 to the truth of it, Wild Cat said that “Mexicans ¢ 80, they can’t fight—may be they better quit and riends—might whipped some more,”—and @ not as goo. as the Semin. Taylor was big man now, but I chase him back once myoelt--Bemino les make him run in Florida.”— Cherokee Advocate, July 30, ‘that Mexicans ParticuLars OF THe ActipEnt To THE Pat- metto.—The ar ogee Palmetto, Capt.Christian- son, chartered by the Ui States Government to pro- ceed to the Rio Grande, with munitions of war, arrived at this port, on Saturday, from New york, and came to at Shippen street w Yesterday she was visited by many hundred persons, and shortly after 2o’clock, as she was about starting for the Arsenal, near Gray’s Fer- ry, the bottom of her larboard boiler burst, with a sharp rattling crasb, and in a moment the immense throng of e ople on board were enveloped in a cloud of steam. received on re fire was raised, and great consternation prevailed on board for a short time. The bow-line hav: been previously cast loose, the steamer swumg round with the tide, and her stern coming in contact with a ship lying in at snd | & dock close by, a large number of the passengers got entered into with | ashore. After the excitement subs! led, it was ascerti blush aline between Liv- | od that Lewis Flynn, aged 25 y th years, the fireman of the th. At the time of the explosion cock, to ascertain the de of i je was ‘married but a short time ago at Now York, where ho left his wile on Friday lest illiam Fraley, the chief engineer, was scalded in the face, neck and hands. He bien Jersey City, and has 8 wife and a number of-children at Williamsburgh, N. Y. 2. cr Rest, was scale to ‘in the ied, Richard Taylor, 24 r, of Jersey City, ctl seul arma nd Sa ie 1e Bu] wi pores were Toaperted at New York, 1846, and nounced to be eng] Was taken ‘The Decision in the Case of General Gaines. GENERAL ORDERS,) WAR DEPARTMENT, Aosur’xt Gengnat’s Orricn. No. 39. Washingtas, Aug. 20, 1 I.—The Court of Inquiry, whereo! BrevetBrigadiee | General H. Brady, is cident, instituted by ‘General | | Orders,” No, 28, of June 30th, to inv | transactions therein set forth on the part of Brevet Major | | General E. P. Gaines, Commanding the Wi te certain sion of the Army, which convened at Fort M nroe, Va., on the 20th day of July, 1846, has reported the following facts and opinion :— Facts. “General Gaines learned at New Orleans, about the | force to | the army under General Taylor, was advancing to in- | Ist Muy, 1846, that a Mexican armry of supe: vade Texas, impending. He ind that actual’ war w: ffi ! , viz ; four regiments from Louisiana, and four regiments from ‘Texas; and he was requested by General Taylor, to aid the Gevernor of Louisiana in equipping and forwarding the troops of that State. “Onthe receipt of this information, General Gaines wrote to the Governors of Mississippi, Alabama, Tennes- see, Kentucky, and Missouri, advising them to anticipate from the President of the United States for yolun- rs, and to make preparations to raise the treops. It was not, however, in form, # requisition on them to send = troops before they were called for by the Presi- lent “On the 8rd May, General Gaines sent an officer to Mobile, to raise volunteers for ‘Taylor's army. On 4, and embarked for New eer force to be raised at Mo- limited by orders of ith, net ceed two regiments or twenty compat ith May, the Go: jor of Missouri, being at New Orleaits, tendered to General Gaines a regiment, which offer General Gaines act “On the 8th May, General Gaines authorized Colonel Crane commanding at Pensacola, w General Gaines had withdrawn the garrison of regulars to send to ‘Texas, to muster into the service one or more volunteer com panies ; also informing Col. Crane that he had requested the Governor of Alabama to send there two volunteer companies ; makiog three or more companies, called out or bor to be called out for the protection of Pen- ola. On the 9th May, General Gaines authorized Lafayette Saunders to raise a regiment of mounted gunmen, from 500 to 1,000 men. “On the Ith May, he authorized A. M. Dunn to raise Te of 100 men to guard the Arsenal at Baton ouge. “On the 12th May, he authorized A. Rust to raise a regi nent of mounted’ gunmen—from five to ten com- panies ; each company to number from 60 to 100 men; thereby authorizing the levy of 300, or 500, or 600, or 1,000 men. “May 12th. He authorised W. B. Lewis to raise a regiment of mounted guomen—five to ten companies of 70 to 100 men—amounting to 350, or 500, or 700, or 1,000 mi Orleans. bil en. “May 13th. He authorized Bailie Peyton to raise a regiment of ten companies—eaca 60 to 100 men—amount- ing tu 600 or 1,000 men “May 14th. He authorized F. Buirson to raise a bat- talion of two companies—each 60 to 100. men—amount- ing to 120 or 200 men, to garrison Fort Jackson and St. Philip till further orders. * in 16th. He authorised I. Gilbert to raiso a regi- ment of mounted gunmen—five to ten companies ; each company to be 60 te 100 men--amounting to 300, 500, 600, or 1,000 men. “May 20th. He authorized E. Fotherstone, W. M Fulton, W. 8. Hays, J. R Ureecy, and E. L. Tracy, to each one regiment of ten companies, each 60 to 100 m The whole amounting to 1,500, , 3,000, or 5,000 men. May 22d. He authorized P. B. Starke to raise a regi- ment of .en companies—each 60 to 100 men --making 600 000 men. ‘ay 23d. He accepted the offer of the Governor of pi to furnish 2,000 volunteers—including the to be rais P. B. Starke. k rs to complete the muster of two regiments of volunteers from Alabama—only three companies having been, at this time, raised on his previous requisitions. “In the latter part of May, General Gaines raised and red into service, Gally’s Battalion of Light Artil- ree companies—286 strong. The precise date of this levy does not appear in any document before the court, and is notremembered by the witness examined to this point—General Gaines’ Assistant Adjutant Ge- neral. ourt find further, that in consequence of Geno- ’ communication to the Governor of Kentucky, May, representing the situation o1 ‘aylor’s army, the Governor raised and sent forward a regiment from Louisville—which, on ite arri- val at New ans, about the latter part of the month, General Gaines accepted and mustered into the service of the United States foregoing statement shows alk the troops raised, or called for by General Gaines. It ‘appears, however, that the only troops actually raised, and brought into ser- vice by him on these calls, were the St. Louis Legion, of Missouri; the Louisville Legion, of Kentucky ; Peyton's and Fetherston’s regiments of Louisiana volunteers ; and Gally’s battalion of Light Artillery ; and three compa- nies of Alabama volunteers, raised at Mobile. “The court find further, that when General Gaines was relived from command of the Western division, and ordered to repair to Washington city, and in execution of said order, had arrived at Mobile, on the 12th June, he was then and there informed bv the Governor of Ala- bama, that much disorder prevailed emong the regiments of volunteers assembled at that point by the President of the United States ; for which reason, the Governor ap- plied to General Gaines to receive into the service of the United States, for the Proper government of there volun- teers, Brigadier General Smith, whom the Governor had commissioned to command them, and his staf!— Medan = igs General Gaines did receive and muster into service— ‘Walter Smith, as Brigadier General. ‘Thomas Casey, Assistant Adjutant General. John J. Walker, Assistant Inspector General. William P. Brown, Brigade Quartermaster. Henry K. Zettyplace, Paymaster. Charles D. Sandford, Aid-de-Camp. Richard Lee Feam, Brigade Surgeon. “The order of General , published in this case, directed that it should re in force till final ii tions should be received from the proper author Washington ; and further directed General Smith ganize the volunteers, and as soon as the said organiza- tion should be completed, to proceed with them without delay to the seat of war. “The oppointment by General Gaines of certain volun- teers and others, to staff offices, as shown in the official documents sent as evidence to the court, not being sta- ted inthe order appointing the court, as one of the mat- into which it is directed to enquire, it is not consi- red in thi jement of facts, nor in the opinion of court. The facts and circumstances, how: are forth in the evidence for the information of partment of war. “In regard to issues of public stores by order of Gene ral Gaines, the court find that he ordered the issue of ordnance and ordnance stores to arm and equ'p all the volunteers called out by him, and also, when neci for those called out by General Taylor; also, t nt to furnis y order of General Gaines, of two pieces of field artillery, and 25 rounds of ammunition, to two private gentlemen and planters in P West Baton Rouge, for the protection of the parish against the slave population, on condition of the return of the guns when oxtied for. “(In regard to orders by (General Gaines to Staff offi. cers to issue or pay public meney, the Court find only two such peyments indicated in the documentary evi- dence 18 He ordered the Quartermaster to pay $2,000 to Major Gally’s Battalion for commuta ion in advance of clothing ; and 2d. He ordered the ordnance officer to ay accounts contracted by Major Gally for ammunition Pir his batteries amounting to $1.467 30, Both which sums and accounts. were paid accordingly. And further the Court find thut he ordered the Quurtermaster’s De partment to pay in advance to all volunteers commuta- of+ix months’ clothiog. That avy payments were made under this order, does not appear, by sny evidence sent to this Court. “And upon the foregoing findings of the facts in the case, the Court submit the following ‘opinion’ “It is contended by General Gaines that he acted in ac- cordance with his instructions from the War Vepast- meat. The Court find that these instructions were as follows :— ‘Ist. August 23th, 1845.—The Secretary of War wrote to General Gaines—' It cannot be necessary to apprize you that the authority to mak equisition upon the Governors of the respective States for the militia th % to be employed in service of the United States, is vested only in the President and limited in its exercise to two or three specified ca The emergency which would tolerate or excuse the assumption of this authority by a military officer in command at a distance from the seat of government, in anticipation of tha President's ac- tion, must be one indicating great and imminent peril to the country—a peril so great and so imminent as to leave no reasovable doubt that the President, with full know- ledge of all the circumstances of the case, would have felt it his duty to resort to such aid. The assumption of this authority by an officer so situated should be under circumstances which would be sure to command his sub- sequent ratification of it.’ “ad. Onthe 13th September, 1845, the Secretary of War wrote to General Gaines :—' You misunderstand our position in Tegard to the commanding General in Texan’ His command is bebe pe earn ot you; the orders and instructions for eonduct emanate only from the government hei and you are directed to ab- stain from all interference with him.’ “?, And again, on the 30th September, 1845—' Tho power which you have exercised could only be resorted to in cases of extreme public peril. An error of ju ment, with such motives as the President has wit sure conceded to have governed your conduct in this case, cannot be regarde: Las crime, or an offence sub- instructions to General Gaines from the of the Adjutant General, of date May 18, 1846, from which the following is extracted :— “cphe volunteer force called into the service from Louisiana and Alabama, &¢., and which you have pre- viously reported, meets the approval of the depart Tent. « In the opinion of the Court this il ratifies ‘sod ordere of General Gaines to ryan ES iy Tor of his situa. | liary force of volunteers he had called , | he felt himse! General Gaines ; as he was informed from the Adjutant General's office, May 22d, that ‘the said regiment had deen accepted, and would be Saepgees out by the President.’ “Tp regard to’ the Louisville Legion, it appears from the statement of General Gaines, and testimony of Lieut. Calhoun, to have been raised without a direct call from General Gaines ; though accepted by him into service before he had received special authority from the War De} nt. it was, however, subsequently accepted | b the Gepartmeat--by instructions to General Gaines of | ay —in which’ instructions, however, written on the supposition that he had called on the Governor for thalroms he is informed of the epenre) of the de- i » and that the call was wit law. “ The court cannot find that General Gaines, at the time he received this legion into service, (about the last of May} had the authority to do so under his instruc- tions. But as the regiment was already sent forward, on its arrival at New Orleans, under necessity to re tification of the Department, “*Tn regard to the other calls made by General Gaines before the 17th May to raise troops for Taylor’s army, the Court are of opinion, that, under these previous in- structions of the War Department, and in the situation of Taylor’s army, and upon ascertaining the slow progress of the enrolment of the Louisiana volunt furtherthat General Taylor co e@ than a small portion of the force which he had cailed from Texas—that, under these circumstances, Ge- neral Gaines was justified in endeavoring to ppl Ge- neral Taylorto the amount of the auxiliary force, he himself had called for ; and if such force could not be obtained from the State which General Taylor had applied, then Gencral Gaines was justified in applying to pproval to requisitions for mounted gun-men. The four regi- this description of force, amounting to four thousand men, which he authorized to be raised before the 17th May, destined to march overland to the army, however useful Gen. Gaines may have considered them for the future operations of the war, not being required or intended for the immediate emergency, were not authorized by his instructions, or by law. “Itie prover in this connection to bring tothe favora- ble notice of the War Department, the prompt recall by General Gaines of all his rere jitions for mounted gun- men on receiving orders to that effect ; and that the go- regeest incurred no expen: e “For the calls made by General Gaines for volt teers, after the 16th May, when he knew of Jor, the Court cannot find any n anthority in his instructions, o: ‘These calls authorized tl y # Gally’s battalion of artillery. It does not appea’ however, that any ept the artillery, were rai: fore the calls were countermanded. “ Pwo of the requisitions made by General Gaines for volunteers, appear to the Court to be of a special cha- racter ; viz: to raise a garrison of volunteers for Forts Jackson and St. Philip, and for th Rouge. Asthe government had from the arsen: id had on account of these forts, the Cor of opinion that Gene ought to hi himself specially restrained from raising volunteer garrisons without authority. “In regard to the authorities given by General Gaines to certain individuals to raise troops, it. appears to have been his motive to avail himself, under what he felt as | the pressure of tho emergency, of the supposed influ- ence of these individuals. In Louisiana, where troops were actually raised under euch powors, it was with the sanction and concurrence of the Governor of the State, who commissioned the officers, and organized the troops according tothe State laws. it does not appear in avy case to have been the intention of General Gaines to act independently of the State authori “Tp General Gaines’ proceedings at Mobile, on 12th May, [June] in mustering into service General Smith and his staff, after he was relieved from his commatd, ond in- structed by the War Department, to ‘ case his indepen- dent action in these matters, and to confine himself to carrying out the orders and views of the President, so far as they might be communicated to him from that Department’—the Court are of opinion that he trans- ceuded his authority, and violated his orders—particu- larly inappointing such a Staff Officer as an Inspector General, after the recent and emphatic instruction to him by the Secretary of War, that‘ such appointments would not be recognized or confirmed, and that the President himself hadno authority under existing laws to make such appointments. “Yet the Court are satisfied thet General Gaines had not the intention to act in defiance or in disregard of his instructions. Hethought that the disorganized state of the volunteers assembled at Mobile, made it a matter of very urgent importance that a commander should be a poiated over them. Hw acted too, atthe special appli- cation of the Governor of the Stwe; and the Court, therefore, recommend his conduct to the favorable con- struction of the President. “Phe Court are of opinion, in regard to the issue of ordnance and ordnance stores, camp equipage b- sistence to the volunteers, that the issue followed neces- sarily the enrolment and’ muster of the troops. After the troops were brought into service it was proper to arm and equip and provide them according to regulations. The issue of rations to volunteers before muster, is not provided in the regulations or laws. But the court present to the consideration of the department, the ne- cessity of the case, when the volunteers had arrived at the rendezvous, and were absolutely without means of es, as of the two pieces of field artillery, and to planters of Baton Rouge Parish, are not provided for by the regulations of the army. ‘But under the circumstances, being required for the security of the parish, and issued to responsible persons, on con- dition of their safe return whenever demanded, the court are of opinion that it ought to be approved. “In the absence of certain official information on the subject, the court suppose it to be the practice of the government to make advances to the militia called into service, in commutation of clothing; and that the orders of General Gaines on this subject did not introduce a new practice. Of the correctness of the particular ac- count of $2,500,which General Gaines ordered to be paid te Gally’s battalion, the court have not the means of judging—and therefore leave it as an account to be set- ‘led according to law and regulations, in the auditing es of the treasury. he court cannot approve General Gaines’ order to Captain Whitely, to pay Major Gally’s bill for ammunition, as it does not appear that what m- munition was required, might not have been furnished from Baton Rouge arsenal, or otherwise procured by the ordnance officer. 5 “The court have not considered, as connected with the issues of stores and payment of funds before men- tioned, whether the persons or troops, to whom or on account of whom, the issues and payments were made, were legally in the service of the United States, inas- much as the act of Congress of tho last session, has offi since provided for the settlement of such accouns. Of the lawful authority of Genral Gaines to raise the troops, they have expressed their opinion in the several cases. “Having now reported their finding and opinion, the court recommend to the favorable consideration ot the President, the good and patriotic motives, and the public zeal, by which, as the court believe, General Gaines was actuated in all these transactions, and therefore, they re- commend that no further proceedings be had in this case.” 1l—The proceedings of the Court of Inquiry in the foregoing case having duly submitted, the follow- ing are the orders thereon: Wak Derantment, Aug. 15, 1846. The proceedings of the Court of Inquiry in the fore- going case have been laid before the President, and care- fully examined. It is seen that the Court have found that several of the acts of Brevet Major General Gaines ‘were not nutho- rized by his instructions or by law; and that he has vio- lated orders.” ‘That for the calls made by him “for volunteers after the 16th of May, when he w of the victories of (Ge- neral} Taylor, the Court cannot find any necessity at the time-—any authority in his instructions, or any war- rant of law:’ ‘That in mustering into service at Mobile certain gene- ral and staff officers, atter he was relieved of his com- by mstructions from the War Department, “the rtare of opinion that he transcended his i «| his orders with deep regret, the exercise of authority onthe part of the tern division; and while he ration to the circum: disposed to cos, which may tend to qualify or mitigate his conduct, he give every can see nothing in’ them woich would justify him for withholding the expression of his de- cided disepprobation of the irreguler and un authorized proceedings of that orfic But in consideration of concurring with them in th patriotic motives and the public zeal by actuated,” the President directs furth i the ease of Brevot Major General Gu will The President cannot dismiss the case without i whic! decision. The officers belonging to the military service a zeal, gallantry, and ski ‘The country dul ted care should be tuke: from any act which may tend to impair their high character. And what so likely to decogate from this as the assumption of import- ant executive or ministerial authority by ‘@ military com: mander, or the disregard of his orders ‘The exercise of authority not —tne non-observance of instructions, or the expenditure of the public treasure, not warranted by law nor justified by imperious necessity, cannot be dis ried A just responsibility of all in authority makes ita public duty of imperative obligation, to observe and strictly enforce the law and the rules of the service, By order of the Pausipunr : ‘W. L. MARCY, Secretary of War, 111 —The Court of Inquiry, of which Brevet Brigadier General H Brady is President, is hereby dissolved. By order : R. JONES, Adjutant General. e long been established. Sream sup Hinernia, Kyrie, 54 hours trom Bos- ton, Sein beg oy instant, ng after taking on eight additional passengers, name dsy for Liverpool. A bad accident occurred soon after the steamer left Bosion. At 8 P.M., on the 16th, five hours after leaving Boston, in a thick fog, she ran foul of schooner Maine, of Cohasset, 63 tons burthen, and sunk her, The boats were immediately low: from steamer, which succeeded in saving five of the crew. perished. Their names . Litehfield Litehfie} Martin, Wheelwright, H Michardeom, ond ioe | Sos corer hemmenamncneraregens hy as a portion of the | out authority of | ive it, and to trust to the subsequent ra- | recommendation of the Court, and | ovinion of the “good and | | and Mrs. Polk, Miss Rucke, Mr. known to be devoted to the publicinterest. Their | their value, but unremit- | ssed nor delegated | Correspondence of the Herald. j Syracuse, August 21, 1846. Salina and Central Square Plank Road—Its effect Having never yet seen a correct statement of Central Square, with your permission I will give you a few facts. The President of the Board of Directors is M. D. Burnett, Esq., of Syracuse; Vice-President, O Johnson, Esq. of Brewerton. Directors—George Geddes, M. W. Bennett, A. P. Granger, S. G. Al- vord, Richard Adams, John Van Buren, and J. Candee, Esqrs. Engineer and Superintendent of Construction, Geo. Geddes, Esq. It was four months only from the time of com- mencement to the completion of twelve and a half miles, the distance from Salina to Brewerton. The entire cost of the 12} miles is $17,000. The whole distance, when completed, will be 164 miles, and will cost twenty-two or twenty-three thousand dollars, The road being graded to re- ceive the plank and to admit teams to pass, the plank are then laid upon stringers bedded in the eaith and rendered solid, and the earth graded up level with the top of the plank, which are four inches thick und eight feet wide—a ingle track only being laid. This is the first, and I believe only public plank road in this country. No part of it was built Scape but all under the person- al direction of the engineer, The effect of this road upen a large portion of Northern Onondaga will be most happy. The road over which this plank improvement has been made, has been forever almost impassable ; a great part of it was the very worst kind of ‘“‘corde- roy,” endangering the safety of travellers, and rendering the transportation of goods and produce exceedingly hazardous. Yet it was the great tho- roughfare for all the salt barrels brought into this market. The poor state of the roads (believed to be the worst for so long a distance in the State) though that region, has for years kept down the price of farms not only, but prevented men of wealth and enterprise from ting them up and reducing them to cultivation. ‘any have at- tempted to cultivate farms, and abandoned them, because they could not get into market without breaking their wagons. A gentleman. a few years since, purchased a place in Cicero, 9 miles from Salina, with a view of going into the practice of medicine there; when within a mile of the village, he broke down his carriage for the fourth time ! On arriving at Cicero he reated his house for half its value—sold his remnant of a carriage, and went back the same night on horseback, utterly disgusted with the place. Now there 1s nota better road in the State—and the consequence is, property has run up from 1 to 25 per cent Several farms have been sold atan advance of $5 per acre. On the Ith ult. a free ride was given to the citi- zens by the directors, anda public dinner pre- pared by the proprietor of the frewerton house, he dinner was served up on a small and beau- tiful island,a short distance from the house, giving a delightful view of the bay for several miles up, with its clusters of islands, fertile farms bordering it, &c. After the cloths were removed, the com- pany were addressed ome and with elo- uence by H. Baldwin, M. D. Burnett, Esq., Hon. D. Mosely, and by Geo. Geddes, Fag. “Tonsts were given adapted to the occasion, and to the la- dies, a large number of whom were present, and the whole affair passed off with gratification. There can be no doubt, I think, of the utility, economy, and convenience of plank roads. Our priuters here are in quite a snarl about the P. O. advertising. The P.M, W. W. Teall, Esq , has, as others have done, under the direction of the P. M. General, allowed those who could swear to the largest circulation, to have it. At the last term for advertising(monthly) new affidavits were taken. The proprietor of the Standard had had it for several months. At this time the Star pub- lishers ran ahead of them in their affidavits several hundreds. The Standard publishers complained of the Stir publishers before the police for perju- ‘What the facts in the ease are, the public will know when the libel suits,;which have been com- menced between the parties, growing out of the transaction, come on. I think the best after all, is for newspapers to be like the Herald, ee ene of all govern- ment or official pap,—to live by its merits as a newspaper. Let government amd &c. come if it will, and if not, let it go to the-——old shoe. Yours, &e. Cuio. Newport, R. I., August 25, 1816. The Last Letter. A cold sou’-wester—a dun and drizzling fog—a fire blazing in the parlor grate, awaken symptoms of a return to the hearth and home. The “ sum- mer birds” begin to shiver even in the brilliant circle of the saloon. The heavy ‘ cashmere” hangs over rounded shoulders, or is drawn close- afair bosom. An additional petticoat has been dragged forth from its summer slumbers—and now encircles the velvet limbs of the gay dan seuse. Ennuwied forms lounge listlessly on sofa and ottoman—reflecting on the joys that have vanish- ed, or perhaps thinking of the winter campaign— the life in the great and gay city about to set in; segars. the season is over. if the demon of the cold was pursuing them, con- tinue their migration towai the sunny South. consoler throt lon becomes a cold and bitin, shall lon; —laden with the narcotic aroma of many a lover’s kiss; and, God willing, we shall breathe that blessed air again. We shall yearn for it through the long chill day of winter—yearn The sun has set over the blue waves of the “ Sound”’—the fire driven vessel bears us fast and far away—and with unwilling heart and trem- bling lip, we are constrained to speak the unwel- come and woe-breathing word—Adieu Ecourer. The Petersburg mor which had rei arrest of eppes, the murderer of Mr. Mui and says, we have papers from there as I (subsequent to the reported srrest,) which are silent on the sutyect. John P Barryman, of Fincastle, Va., was shot on the 30th, by Hairston Amys, and dangerously wounded. A Mr Henry Beeseckar, of Fincastle, Va., an old man, recentuy committed suicide by shooting himself. Visit or THE Presivent at Not nd Mrs. McNeil, Col. ‘Totten, Col DeRusse, Gea. Broone Maj. Miller and the Hon. Mr. Broc Point about 12 Engineer, Lt. ‘clock yesterday, ia the-U. harbor, asthe Engineer passed up tothe Navy Yerd | The President and suite first visited the big ship Pennsy! vania, on toard of which splendid national vessel they Wore received by Capt Strib usual honors and salutes, both on their arrival and de- Rav, ‘The President next visited the Dry Dock and the residence of Com Wilkinson, the commandant of the Yard. In com; with the invitation of the sorporate authorities, the President and suite visited Noriolk at about half 2 o’closk, and upon landing, was met at the wharf by the Mayor of the city, the Court, the Select and Common Councils, and the volunteer com of the city, the battalion being under the command of Capt. F. F. Ferguson, a salute being fired by a detachment of the N. L.A. Blues. The splendid Old Point Bend, under the lead of Mr. Bloomfield, headed the proc . The President was then escorted to quarters prepared for him ot Black's Netiousl Hotel, where the pert) Near erie, sam) in Mr. ; SAuviat elaeafa atms y he Pek dents of the Select and Common Councils as Vice Presi: bere The Logs sod suite embarked ctor’ 6 o'clock for Old Point, in the splendid steamer 4 which was chartered for the occasion by the city author ities. tors Cass, ‘Mie "of Louisiana, Senat ‘of Michigan, Breeze, of Ulinols, and Crittenden, of Kentucky, with Mr. Irving, Re e from Tennessee, and Mr. ‘ontworth, of Illinois, passed through Buffalo on Friday last end took passage for home, on theFarms Contiguous to it—A Celebration and | ; h Dinner—Trouble among the Printers in Syracuse: | French agents here, and at Montevideo, issued the following notice :— the new plank road, recently laid from Salina to | This road was commenced early last spring. | Sigckade will be cofo ture of neutral of the foreign representatives S. Charge and Consul protested; the Portuguese Charge protested; the Consul for Bremen ard Hamburg made 2 partial protest. The Brazilian Consul of vernment instigated the intervention; and Sardinian Consul was encharged with the Eng- lish and French business here, when the repre- sentatives of those governments withdrew; of course he said nothing, There are two or three other consuls here, but I pare heard nothing of their course. Captain Pender, corvette Boston, then senior officer in the river, protested against the coast blockade. ganised at Montevideo, consisting o! merchant ves-els of various nations, even three or four Americans, assembled at the Island of Martin Garcia, wh cort of two English and one Frencu steamers, and nine other English and French vessels of war, for the purpose of forcing the free navigation of the several vessels descending with cargoes. never been open to foreign flags. ly around the voluptuous developments of many moustached men in pea jackets lounge about the piazzas, or crawl closer to the fire and smoke their The stage and the steamboat depart heavily laden, and every thing seems to say that Transient visiters still com> thickly from the far North ana the Canadas—stop for a moment to plume their wings, and then, as the soft regions of The sweet sea breeze that has been our kind h the long summer days—now sou’-wester. Well has it done its duty—well has it warded off the hot and burning beam of the summer noon ; and it leaves us to sigh for the return of Spring. We to inhale again the ‘ Narragansett Zephyr” laden with the sounds of the Hae ity sea Newport honeysuckles—laden with the sweet fragrance of to mingle once more with the happy hearts of | this hospitable home. closing a bill of the physician who attended her in bh last and fatal illness, and g oLK.—The President rough of Florkia, came up from Old . Steamer m’g. Pennock. A salute was fired by the U.S, Revenue Cutter Madison, Capt. Polk, lying in our ling and,his officers with the avy Yard, and then partook of a handsome collation at conceal ‘and enjoy unmolested a criminal interceurse wi Affairs of La P! No. VI. Buxnos Ayres, I4th May, 1846. On the 22d September, 1845, the English and ata. Sir—I have the honor to inform you, that in conse quence of a decision, which the Ministers Plenipotentia- | ry of England and France at Montevideo, have found ne- cessary, a blockade of the ports and coasts of the pro- has been declared ; and that such squadrons cf ed by the combin | England and France, forty-eight hours after the date of sent notification. rv will be allowed for the depar- from Buenos Ayres.” This blockade was protested — by — here. he course did not protest, because his & grast of the U.S. The chief grounds of all these protests were, that England and France had no right to declare a whole coast, extending, as does the coast of Bu- enos Ayres, some twelve or fifteen hundred miles, under blockade. They were at the same time, and with the same vessels, pretending to blockade the whole province of the Banda gs Montevideo. riental, ex- he essential thing in every definition of block- ade, is a sufficient force stationed off the place blockaded, to make it hazardous toenter. Our government has never recogni: blockade. made under the orders in council of England, andthe Berlin and Milan decrees of France, has “defined her position” elearly. @ mere paper Her course in relation to captures The blockaders stationed two or three vessels off Buenos Ayres, sometimes only two. The re- siduo ef their combined squadrons were either at Montevideo, or at some other port of the Ban- da Oriental, or cruising n> the rivers Parana and Uragnay, “toopen up the navigation” of those rivers. Thi vessel stationed opposite, or even cruising off, any of the numerous ports of this province, to the extremity of Pati cy have not at any time had a single nia, except at this port. ovember, an expedition or- bout fifty About the 10th of » they were joined by an es- River Parana. Governor Rosas a short time pre- vious, had declared the navigation of this river entirely suspended, even to vessels under the Ar- gentine flag, because Corrientes, one of the inte- rior provinces, was in rebellion, and had captured t bad On the 20th of November, this expedition had ascended about thirty-three leagues, near to point Obligade, where Rosas had assembled a strong force, under command of his brother inlaw Gene- ral Mansilla, who had erected three small batte- ries, and stretched two chains across the river, to which were attached a number of smull vessels. At one end was placed an armed schooncr. Early on the 2lst, the English and French open- ed their fire on the batteries and schooner. They had in all over a hundred guns, from 80 pounders down. guns, from 6's to 24’s—only two of the latter. The Argentunes had in all thirty-three According to the English acconnt of the matier the bate lasted nine hours, and was conducted with great bravery on both sides. They soon disabled the Argentine schooner, but the com- mander, before ieaving her, set fire to her to pro- vent her falling into the hands of the enemy. They finally succeeded in cutting the chains, and passing up with the three steamers to a position where they could rake the batteries with their heavy guns and shelis, fora time. As one set of gunners were shot down, others took their places; but finally their ammunition was nearly exhausted; and the result cannot be doubt- ed when the superior force of the invaders is con- sidered, They themselves speak of the undaunt- ed bravery of the Argentine troops. Gen. Man- silla was seen throughout the day issuing his o1 ders, and taking ‘* mate” with great nonci x The combined forces finally landed and’spiked the guns; next day they carried off the guns, and burned all the vessels that had been stretched acress the river, and then commenced repairing their vessels, several of which, in their own lan- guage, were ‘“‘literally cut to pieces.” They claim to have killed over a thousand, and acknow- ledge a loss of about 120. From the best infor- mation I cap ebtain, the loss of the Argentines was about 300, and of the other side about 200; but take their own statement, and it must con- vince all that the mediators did not come to stop the effusion of human bi asthey claimed. This battle was fought without any declaration of war, and for no other alleged cause than that the mediators were resolved to force their way into the interior rivers of the Argentine ration, contrary to the laws of a country with which they professed friendly relations. e few American vessels that accompanied this hostile expedition have disgraced the flag they carry, and the name of an American so far as their cenduct goes. They have already suffered much, for they are still up the river, having been gone meany seven months, and at the last accounts they had done very little in selling what they took up, orin obtaining a return cargo. The whole expedition has been expecteggpwn for some days, and General Man- silla is far better el ea for their reception than when they ascended. A Citizen or THE Unrrep Sratzs. Stvoviar Story—Tue Drap xp Burrep.@A case has Fea recently been brought before one or two of the courts in this city, which has nog ga of an extraordinary character, and as jeep laid a scheme of villainy as the jesuitical Rodin, of Eugene Sue, could ever bave conceived, A plot of the min the bottom of it all, the pri What a woman could be capable of that could devise such a plan, it is almost impossil le to conceive—that she must be a person of extraordinary abilities, inone at least, none can doubt. It appears from a petition before Judge Preston, that in the year 1831, Mr. Thomas W. Thompson, a respectable citizen of this place, mar- tied a young woman whore maiden name was Minerva A, Gholson, by whom he had a daughter. On the 20th of August, 1843, his wife left him under pretence of vi- siting her mother, then residing in St. Louis, taking with her their only child, old. Previous to this time his amiable spouse had been rather gay, but had succeeded in blinding the fond and credulous husband pretty effectualy{, and he could only then about nine years and a half suspect what he was unwilling to be In the latter purt of September, 1843, he rece: tter from one Mr W. J. Logs irri er of his wife, a Mrs. Thompson, and e endant unde: taker ” and also a mm the ertificate of “‘desth from natural causes bill for indispensable articles politely furnished by the aforesaid undertaker, decently bestowed. The sfflicted husband wes incon Consider. seeing the unfortuuate solable, for he had tenderly loved his wife. ing ita necessary and sacreu obligation te pay the iuneral expenses, he paid the doctor’s bill to Dr Tiffin, of this city, and sent the amoust of the undertaker’s bill to his effectienate brother-in-law. In November of the same year, Mra, Sarah Gholeon and the daughter of Mr. Thomp- son, arrived from 8t. Louis, clad in the habiliments of wo.and after remaining a short timo here, returned to St. Louis, Mr. T. permitting his daughter to accompany her grandmother; and up to November, 1945, they con- tinued to reside in that city, occasionally coming down for a few day at a time ona visit. Since November, Mrs, Gholson and Angelina Thom; the daughter of Mr. T., have resided in this city, the father frequently visit- ing the house, providing for them, and enjoying the so- ciety of his daughter, now thirteen years of age,to whom he is devotedly attached. During the month of July last, Mr. Thompson was astounded at | that hi was “alive and kicking,” or had ri and war as full of life and as feir to look upon as ever.— He could scarcely credit that he had been the victim of such adaring and adroitly managed plot, and that bis wife had planned ‘and carried it through, taught an inno. to lie and deceive for years a doting father, to fe could hardly realize that she Baldwin; about a box of jewelry, first the hus- band w . Since that time he unable to obtain a sight ofhis daughter, or ascertain her where- vr tdney ‘granted by Judge é, com- Siete, hs oh ny Aces nately the officer was unable to serve the writ, the e Wi bam Ag guardianship of his ‘N. O.