The New York Herald Newspaper, August 5, 1846, Page 1

-Vilisatiemptod to define this ine by declaring that, * + BE powte on our coast pus: Vol. XII, No. 209~— Whole No. 4446. NEW ORK HERALD. aa et = — —=2 NEW YORK. WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 5, 1846. VETO MESSAGE or PRESIDDENT POLK or THE Bill Making Appropriations for the Improve- ment of the Rivers and Harbors. To the House of Representat vest — have considered the bul entitled “ An act making ppropriations for the improvement of ce:tain harbors and rivera” with the cara which its importance demands, and now return the same to the House of Representa- tives in which it orig nated, with my objections to its be- coming a law. The bill proposes to appropriate one | million three hundred and seventy eight thousand four hundred and fifty dollars to be applied to more than forty t rate objects of improvement — examining provisions, and the variety of objects of improvement which it embraces, many of them of a local character, it is diffleult to conceive. if it | be sanctioned and become a law, wnat practical constitutional restaint can hereafter be imposed upon the | Most exteuded system of ivternal improvements by the federal government in all parts of the Union. ‘The con- | stitution has not, im my judgement, conferred upon the federal guvernment the pewer to construct works of in- ternal improvement witlin the States, or to appropriate money from the treasury for that purpose. ‘That this Dill assumes for the federal government the right to ex. ercise this power, canmot, J think, be doubted. The sp- proved course of the government, and the deliberately ‘expresso judgement of the people, have denied the ex. istence efsuch a power under the constitution, Several of my prececessors have denied its existence in the most solemn forms. ‘The general proposition that the federal government does pot posses this power is so well settled, and has for acensiderable period been so generally acquiesced in, that it is not «| necessary {0 reiterate the argume by which it i d. Nor dol deem it necess aiter the full berate discussions which have taken before the country on this subject, to do more than he general considerations which + ave satisfied m the unconstitutionalty and inexpediency of the exer- cise of sucha power. It is not questioned that the federal government is one Its powers are such, and such only expressly granted in the cot i y incident to the expressly g i outias. ‘f that “ whenever a question cular power,the first question is whether the power b ressed in the constitution If it be,tue question is decid uiry must be, whether expressed power, and If'it be, it may be exercised by Congi exercise it.” ICis not pretended that there is any express grant in the constitution conferring on Congress the power in question Isit then an incidental power, necessary and proper for the execution of any of the granted powers? All the granted powers, it is confidently affirmed, may be effectually executed without the aid of such an incident ‘*A power to be incidental must not be exer- sised for ends which make it a principal, or substantive power, independent of the principal power to which it is an inci ent” Itis not enoogh that it may be regurded by Congress as convenient, or that its exercise would hdvance tothe public weal. It must be necessary and proper to the execution of the principal expressed power to which itis an incident,and without which such principal power cannot be carried into effect. The whole frame of the federal constitution proves that the government whieh it croates was intended to be one of limited and specified powers. A construction of the constitution so broad as that by which the power in question is defend- ou, tends imperceptibly to a consolivation of power in a government intended by its framers to be thus limited io its authority. “ The obvious tenvency and inevitable result of a consolidation of the Stutes into one sovereign: ty would be to transform the republican system of the United States into a monarchy” To guar) agains’ the mption of ull powers which encroach upon tue re served sovereignty of the States, and which consequet ly tend to consolidation, is the duty ofall the true fr of our political systexa.' That the power in questi Not properly an incident to any of t..e granted po: un (ully satisfied; but ifthere were douvts on this sub- it, experience has demonstrated the wisdom of the je that all the functionaries of the federal government sbould abs‘ain from the exer of all questionable or Gouvtiul pow ty nlargement of the powers of the federal goverment should be deemed pioper, it is safer and wiser to appeal to the States and the people ia tie mode prescrived by the constitution for the graut desired. than ty asi ne its exercise without an ameudment of the Constitution. If Cougress does not posses the general wer to construct works of internal improvement with the States. or to appropriate money irum the treasury for that purpos. of tue objects of appropriativn included in this bill trom the operation of the general rule! Thia bill assumes the existence of the power, and in some of its provisions Asserts the priucipl , that Congress muy exercise it as fully as though ike appropriations which it proposes Were applicable to the construction of roads*and canals. If there be a distinction in principle, it is not perceived, and should be clearly defined. Some of the ovjects of @ppropriution contaived in thie bill are local in their chuacter, and he within the limits of a single State; and thoug>, ia the language of the bill, they are called har dors, they are not connected with foreign commerce, nor are they pluces of refuge or she! commercial marine on the ocean or te mouth of a creek, or shallow inlet on ow harbor canuot conte: the authority to expend the p' jic money in its improvement. Congress have evercised the power coeval with the coustitution ot establishing lighthouses, beacons, bueys and piers on our vcean ad lake ‘shores, for the purpose ot Tendering nuvigution safe and easy, and of aiturding proiectiun und shelter for our navy and other shipping ‘Lhese a: ing chanuels o navigation. Atier the ioug acquiescence of the govern- meut turough ali pre aaminmstravens, | am not dis. posed to question er disturb the autuority to make ap- pruptiatious for such purpuses, When we aivance u sep beyond this point, in addition to the estabfisiment and support, by appropriations from the treasury, of light uouses, beacons, Ouoys, piers, and other improvemens withia the Days, inlew and harbors on our vowan and lake coasts immediately connected With our foreign commerce, and attempt to make in- provements in the iuterior at pointe unconnected with ioreign cowmerce, and where they are not needed for the protection and security of our navy and commercial murine, the difficulty aises im drawfg a line beyona Which epproprisuuns may not be made by the feaeral government Une of my predecessors, who saw the evil conse- quences of the system propored to be revived by this ’ should be ‘* confined velow tue ports of entry or velivery established by law !” Act ing ox this resiriction, <hheld his sancuon from a Dill Walch hod passed Congress “to improve the mi ton 01 the Wabash river” He was at the same tu “ Sensible that this resimiclion Was not as satisiactory as penditures of tis evaracier’ what is there to eaempt soine, at Learis} ty of the States, but its inevitable tendency is, to e brace objects for the expenditure of the public mone: which are local in their character, benefitting, but fe at the expense of the common treasury of the whole. It will engender sectional feelings and prejudices caleula- ted to disturb the harmony of the Union. It will destroy the harmony which should pre in our legislative counsels. It will produce combinations of local and sectional in- teresis, strong enongh, when united, to carry proponi- tions for appropriations of pablic money which could not of themselves, aud stan‘ing alone sueceed, and cannot fuil to lend to wasteful and extravagant expenditures It must produce a disreputable scramble tur the pub’ money, by the conflict which is inseparable from such @ sys'em, between local and individual interests and t enerul interest of the whole, It ie uvjust to thor tates which heve wih their own means constructed | their own internal improvements, to make from the com | mon treasury appropriations for similar improvements in | other States. In ils operation it will be oppressive and unjust to~ wards those States, whose representatives and people either veny or doubt th its exercise inexpedient, and wh contribute to the treasury, cavmot consis.ently wit their opinions, engage in the general competition for a share of the public money. Thus a large portion of the Union, in numbers and in geographical extent, contribu- ting its equal proportion of taxes to the support of the | government, would, under the operation of such a sys- | tem, be compelled to see the national treasure—the com. | moa stock of oli—uneqnally disbursed, und often impro- vidently wasted for the wivantage of small sections, in stead of being applied to the great national purposes in which all have a common interest, and for lone the power to collect the revenue was Should the system of internal im proposed prevail, all evils wi and increase with increase of the nua- ber of the States, and tho extension of the geographical limits of the settled portions of our country. With the increase of our numbers and the extension of our setf tlements, the local objects dem: if appropriations o the public money for their improvement will be propor’ | tionately increased. In gach case the expenditure of | the public money woul: confer benefits, direct or indi- | rect, only ona section, while these sections would be- ) come daily less im comparison “ith the whole. | ‘The w of the framers. of the coustitution in withholding power over such objects from the federal government, and leaving them to the local governments of the States, becomes more and more munifest with every year’s experience of the operations of our system. Ina country of limited extent, with but few such ob. jects ot expenditure, (if the form of government permit tedi t), a common treasury might be used for their i provement with much less inequality and injusti in one of the vast extent which ours now presents in po- yal. tion and territory. The treasure ef the world would Raraty be equal to the improvement of every bay, inlet, creek, and river in our country which might be sup- gricultural, manufacturing, or of a neighborhood. federal constitution was wisely adapted in it provisions to any sion of our limits and popu tion ; and with the advance of the confederacy of tl States inthe career of ional greatnoss, it becomes the more apparent thatthe harmony of the Union, and the equal justice to which all its parts are entitled, require that the federal government should confine its action within the Limits prescsibed by the consticution to its power and auchority. Some of the provisions of this bill are not subject to the objections stated, and did they | ministra’ | the American stand alone I should not feel it tobe my duty to with: | hold my approval. | If no constitutional objections existed to the bill, there | are others of aserious nature which deserve some con- | sideration It appropriates between one and two millions of dollars for objects which are of no pressing necessity ; | anJ this is proposed ata time when the country isengaged | in a foreign war, and when Congress at its preseut ses- | sion has authorised a Joan or the issue of treasury not penses of the war, to be resorted to if ‘of the government shall require it” It would seem to be the dictate of wisdom, under such circumstances, to husband our means, and not to waste them on comparatively unimportant objects, so that we may reducé the loan or issue of treasury notes which may become necessary to the smallest practica- ble sum. ‘It would seem to be wise too, to abstain from such expenditures a view to avoid the accumula- tion of a large public debt, the existence of which would be opposed to the interests of our people, as well as to the genius of our free institutions. Should this bill becor law, the principle which it es will inevitably lead to large and annually in- ppropriations and drains upon th the “exigenc! not embraced in its provisions, but quitess mnch titled 'o the favor of the government as thure whit e nbraced, will demand, through their representativ Congress, to be placed on an equal footing with them — With such an increase of expenditure must necessarily follow either an increased public debt, or increased bur- dens upon the people by taxation, to supply the treasury witn the means ‘of meeting the accumulated demands upon it, With profound respect for the op‘nions of Cor a8, and ever anx ous, as farus I can consi-tently with my responsibility to our common constituents, to co-operate with them in the discharge of our respective duties, it is with unfeigned regret that I find myself constrained, for the reasons which I have assigned, to withhold my ap- proval from this bill. JAMES K. POLK. Washiagton, August 3d, 1846. Tue Dreaprut Murpex in Cinownatt.—We take from the Cincinnati Chronicle the details of the dreadful murder of Jehn Reeve, the Irish comedian S govt natured and whole-souled Irishmen, who has so often amused us in some of his low characters. Mr. Cook, who has been acting as Treasurer of the People’s Theatre for a few days, and who is the husband of Mra. Cook, somewhat celebrated as a danseuse, killed John Reeve about 9 o'clock last evening, by stabbing him through the heart with a dirk or dirk knife, while they were both behind the scenes. it seems that Mr. Reeve was penne at the theatre, and upon the con clusion of the first piece remarked te Sirs. Cook, as she was pas ng the stage, that she was ‘ imperfect,” and added, “ Why the * Divil’ don't you study your part 7” in his uswal jocular way ; to which she replied you had better not insult me any more, for if you do, I’ll slap your face.” “Are you in earnest?” said Jack, and passed on. Inthe mean time, she made complaint to her husband, who left the ticket’ office, and going upon t stage by the back door, went into Morris’s room, whe: 1 mthe sofa, and walking wy him what he wanted ? Cook replied | that he let him know what the receipts of the house were, kc. Cook then remarked, “ you had better tell that prompter of yours to keep his mouth shut, or he'll go outhere some night with his guts out.” Morris no reply, thinking it but a momentary ebullition ; Cook went forward on the stage, where meeting near the prompter’s stand, he said to him," you hat been iusuiting my wife again.” ‘ Don’t bother me,” said | for their furs. | en and ridiculous, scarcely dared to show hi Reeve, “ I am busy now ;” to which Cook replied, “I'll learn you,” and instantly stabbed him to the heart. Reeve made a few steps towards the door of Mrs. Lew: iva dressing room, exclaiming “for God’s sake let me in, fam stabbed ; 1am murdered,” then falling backward: ba by that lady, who supported him until she fainte Reeve lingered a few minutes, the blood gushing his bosom when he expired. Meanwhile, Cook walked ured, and that much embarrassment may be executive department in its execution, by Sior remote wid hot well understood ob- estriction, it was sgon iound, Was subject and reuuered comparatively useless iu ie system OL Improvermeuts Which it was tu arrest, in cousequence of the facility r designed wiw which ports of eutuy aud delivery may be ex tablisued by law upon the upper waters, and in somo instances, almust at the head springs oi ue OF the most ummportant of our rvers, and Jug no commercial smpor- tance, and ROL Used as places vi refuge aud suiety by our navy, and other shipping. Many of the ports of en try and delivery now uuwurized by law, so iar ae foreign commerce is Concerned, exict only in the statute books. No entry oi foreign govus is ever inude, and uo dues are ever codectud wi hem, No exports of American prouucts Dound Jor foreign countnes, ever cleur from them, 10 as~ sume Wat Woelr existence in Wie statute book as ports oj en try oF delivery Warrant expnaitures ou We waters leading to them, which would be OWwerwise unauthorized, woula Do Lo arsert ie propositiou, that tue law-making power may eugult bew piovisiens Oo the Cons iuuon. 11 We FeyWicuya ve & ulus Ube, iL can Only apply to the bays, iuleis, aud rivers connected wita or ieauing to such por as actualy Lave lureign commerce; ports at which fuieign unportauous ausive in buik, paying the duues charged by law, aud from which exports are made (0 10 regu counties. it wii be ound by applying the restiic. va Wins uM od, tu the Lid under Luusiueration, it conuans apprup: or more (ban twenty objec interval mpivvewent, culled is the 0ill Larbors, at places Wich Lave ne been deciared by law @ ot entiy or ueliy aud at Which, a appears irum Wwe re- ou ua ry, there has ever Leen au artival of ciaudwe, end from which there has never i cleaved for & jueigu country. It will be found that many of these worksare new, aud ut piaces lor the improvement of wuich eppiepiatious are vow to the first time proposed. it Wis be found, aisv, tim the Dili contains sppropaations lor tivers upon which tuere not My exists no loreign Comme:ce, LU Upon whieh there Las not been estavushed even a paper port of eu try, and ior the mouths of creeks, denomiuated hurvors, Wuich if improved ca benefit ouly the parucuiar neigh borhood in which they are situated. it will be found, too, to contain appropriations, the expenditure of which Will uly have the eflect of improving one place at he oxpense of the locel, natural acvantuges of anutver in its viewity, Stould this bill become a iaw, the same pine Gipie Whirh authorizes the appropriations which it pro- poses fo Make, WOU WSO UUhYNZe similar appropta- uous lor tue improvement Of ull the OUMer buys, Judlets, anu creeks, Wich may, wath equal propriety ve calied und of ail the rivers, impo. tant or unimportant, part of the Union, ‘Vo sancuou te bil ch provisions, Weuid De to Comceve tue principe deliberately ont the back door of the stage, crying fire, fire, and went into the ticket office, where Mr. Smith was counting the money. Smith seeing him excited, asked “ where's the fire In the back building,” said Cook, Smith snatched up the paper money and ran out ; Cuok then pocketed the silver money, locked the door after him as he was going out, and fled, ~ As soon as the officers could be rallied, they went in search of Cook, and proceeded to the house of Mrs. Car- nahan, in the upper part of the city, where Cook board- ed, and who is the mother of Mrs. Cook. Upon enqui- ring there they could learn nothing of him, and after searching the house they found the shirt had just pulled off, under the hydrant and the water running, but nothing of him. % awfully tragic. The ~My. Lewis, Mrs. The scene upon the stage was dying man was weltering in his go! and iss Be 1g; while the gentl out a single exception, truth be said that it was the most effective tragedy ever acted on any stage. ge. The funeral of the mardefed man took place from the Garden yesterday afternoon, and we learn that Messrs. & Smith heve caused an immediate pursuit to be a reward Morri mare in vatious directions will be offered for Since writing the al offered a reward of $1°0 for the apprehension of the murderer, and the members of the two companies at- tached tothe People’s and National Theatres, are upon a —_ = adding another hundred to the sum already one: lections were held on Monday, Aug. 34, in Ala- Dai entucky, Indiana, Illinois, and Missouri; and will take place in North Carolina and Tennessee, on Thurs- day, Aug. 6th. The remaining this year will It is hoped th n ot the fr | peculiar influence of democrac: below: on Tuesday, September 1st vy x Mth. a Wednesday * « ( Monday,” re. Penusy lvanie, Tuesday, on 13th Ohio " “ a ississippi, " No! Michigan, “ emiben, New \ ork, “ “ New Jersey, “ “ Massachusetts, “ Delaware, “ A Youno Cain —A little boy in Abbeville, 8. C.a few days since, the son of a widow Fife, about six or seven years of ‘age. killed his brother, aged about three months, whilst their mother was absent on an errand to @ lederal ZvVe LMeDL possesses the power to expend the public money 1m @ geveral sye limiied ia its extent only vy We ey ive Congresses and succes: wo ellace und remove Ui of power, Which ihe const 4 to limi the authority and ue 4 Government 0 alew Weiruehned Aud Kpecibed OLJects. besiWes there Vbjeclons, tue prac cal evils Wien must ow trom the exerci part Of the Federal Goverment, of the powers aeveried iu Uae bid, impress my wisu with @ grave setise of my duty 0 @Vert luem fruin Lue CounTy, a tar as my consu tuuonal wetion jv me 10 do 8. it not only 4 to a consvlidation of power in the fe- deral government at the expense of the mghuwul authori- Vary ing aise SIVE 4 Rec uives. t- | While for it, was found laid aw aneighbor. We learn trom the Bunner that ‘upon re- | turning, the child was missing, and after searching « if among some bushes | Dear the yard, with ite head ed in two or three pla- ces. The boy, when interrogat abject, re- lied that the child hed fallen out of the door, and in go- i Out of the deor him upon it that be was hol is no pos ing in his hand. evidence to prove him guilty of intentior xe the jury of inquest were unanimous in the at such were his intentions.” lenry ine, |. aoting Intter part of May. We Hollidaysburg, Penn , | Opinio: ADDITIONAL EXTRAOTS FROM THE FOREIGN PAPERS, RECEIVED AT THE NEW YORK \D OFFICE. THE OREGON AND MEXICAN. QUESTION IN ENGLAN AMERICAN ARPALRS IN BUROPE. ——————¢ settle- ment of the Oregon beundari upen the Minister who d the last | © capitulation” entered into with the States; and we have no doubt that Lord Palmers! new ad- vernment has acceded to Hi i iF tunate moment, or with what Lord Ash- burton’s treaty was stigmatized as to the late government, whilst the present convent accepted, tistaction, By its succes: with the strongest marks —< sal | interests: BO factions eprrit, or | cal contention, can interfere, in this instunce, the wisdom and propriety of a compromise so to the general tees of the werld. Ihe treaty sign. ed by Mr. Pakenham, and brought over by ral | Armstrong, after it had received the ratification o! fourths of the Senate of the United States. arrives ander circumstances which prohibit and disarm that 5] of criticism which originates in party motives. Eac! in we otate, and each of the leading statesmen who been or now are engaged in the conduct of our has an equal interest in securing the fruits of this pac termination of anaw kward and threatening question; ani although Lord Averdeen has bequeathed to Lord Paimer ston, ou many points, the benefits of that temperate and diguified em of foreign policy Which has been follow. ed by this government for the last five years, yet there’ is no part of this reversion more deservedly pri by the successors of the abinet than the amicable arrangement of our contro y with the Unit- ed States, That one fact makes an incalculable « ifference in the prospects of Lord John Russell ana his colleagues The nation looks forward with tar gr ir confidence to the long continuance of peace; and the Oregon ques- tion, wuich has never excited a strong interest in this for the consequences it might have had is with America, will socn be as much for- gotten by the public as Mr. Pitt’s quarrel with Spain in 1790 for the possession of Nootka sound. Since it be- came evident that no party wartare would distort or ex- uggerate the merits of the question, the Oregon territo- ry sank in public estimation to the slender importance which really belongs to so remote and uninviting « por- tion of the globe; and there has been very litle dispusi. tion to contend fur the full amount of abstract nght, which we might have urged; since we were persuaded that what we abandoned was net worth a moment's re- gret, and that what we retained was no great cause of exultation or pride. The time is rupidiy app.oach- ing when the southern settlements of the Hud- son's Buy Company in the Oregon territory witt | caase to be of any value as hunting grounds, from the rapid extinction of the animals which ave pursued ‘The Hudson's Bay Company has al- ways been a great trading establishment, whose agents are distribuied over the wiliest parts of British North America, for the particular purposes of this trade. But they have never attempted to pro- mote emigration, colonization, or the agricultu- ral occupation of the soil, upon a large scale— Their forts and stations have been adujted to a different and more limited ol We have al- q' sand stations might be lawfully planted by subjects in avy part of the Oregon country, and they thereupon became, to all intents and purposes, British. But, at the “same time, there is notbing to pre- vent asale or transfer of soine of these stations, south of a particular latitude, to tue United States, for their just and probably such a bargain may be equally con. venient to the vendor andthe purchaser. This ide: ‘brown out ia our own columns several months ago, and jong before the terms to be finally proposed by England couid have been finally adopted by the goverument; and we are happy to find that the principle ot indemnity has been so reauily admitted at Washington, for th tis the wewest feature inthe definitive arraugement. In other respects, the same terms had been repeateuly under dis- cussion. It has been erroneously asserted by some of the <American popers, and by one of our coniemporortes in is country, that the right of the navigation of the Coium- bia, conceded to us, ited to the dura- tion of the Hudson’ charter. This statement is unfounded : the navigation of the Columbia is secured to the Hudson's Bay Company in perpetuity: and the existence of that company under the charter of Charles IL is itself untimitad. ‘There 1s no one, we ure confident, either in this king- dom or in America, who will veuture to compare the real amount of the sacrifices made on cither side with the result which has been obtained. Throughout the United States, where the question had been popularized by every species of information and agitation upon the subject e news of the termination of be : and “Fiity-four forties” as common party disunoctions prevailing in the community, as much a8 those of Provectionists aud Free-traders athome 5 , We find that all the popular leaders ing the ceuntry into war with Eng. suddenly ubandoned by the forces they hud enueavored tu rouse und toexcite. Gen. Cass, crest-fall- Senate. Mr. Allen resigns the office of Presid Committee on Foreign Affairs, Mr. Polk himself is com- plied to consume his own bluster, and to acquiesce in a treaty which convicts him ef arrant and preposterous exaggeration, irom the moment when his inauguration speech was delivered te the date of the last despaich written by his Secretary of State. Upon the whole, <herefore, the egitation got up by the war parvy has not been beneficial \v their prospects. The American whigs may be in @ minority, aud ir candidate forthe Piesi- deucy may have been beaten, but their policy has pre- vailed, for it was respended to by the good sense of the community. Areport of the Secretary of the Treasury has at length been communicated to Congress which /iscloses to the American people the cost of their late military and naval preparations, and of the army which is now on its way to the Mexican frontier. We have long been anticipating with some impetience the appearance of this document, and although it naturally exhibits the whole matter in the most favorable light, the real pressure of a war ex- penditure, however slight, cannot but exercise a salu- tary effect upon the present disposition of the American people. A war like that with Mexico will leave the ma- ritime commerce of the Union untouched; and this cir cumstance enables Mr. Polk to rely for increased reve- nue on that sourse from which it may be most reauily collected—the import duties. By a judicious reduction which now impair the revsnue by their t, and by the imposition of moverate du- foreign articles of general consumption, coffee, it is expected that a conside:ab additional revenue may be raised, without rendering the tariff more protective, and without having recourse to excise duties and to direct taxation. duties will not be rican people. The the army end navy departments over the peace of last year is already nearly $24,000,000, leaving a de ficiency as yet unprovided for of about $19,620,403. Allowing, therefore, for the increase of the ordinary Teveuue, and for an increase gf taxation to an amount of $5,000,000, and for all the other sources of additional re- venue to which a Secretary of the Treasury can advert at a mor.ent ot pressure, the very lowest sum which re- mains to be provided for is $12,586,406 ; and as no loan can be attempted in any foreign country, the greater part of this sum is to be raised by Treasury notes, bearing not more than six per cent. interest, end not negotiab below the par value. If the Mexican war be not speedily terminated, this is only the commencement of tue bur. dens it will impose on the American people, without any hope of reimbursement from the impoverished treasury of Mexico ; and the mode in which itis proposed to meet this para is @ significant indication of the extent o Mr. Polk’s financial ity and resources. [From the London Globe, July 7.) We do not know whether we are to attribute it to the rte lack of experi in State affairs, that the oft renewed American govein ment now and then does thiogs which no other govern- ment in the world would do. We believe it is generally understood that there are certain parts of the machinery of all modern governments which will not work without the aid of what is called “secret service money.” lv other words, there is work to be done, and to be paid for which—if wé may trust to the united opinions of eli— who are or have been concerned in State affairs—cannot be di with, and yet ought not to be talked about. It indicates an infirmity which, however shamefyl, at- taches itself as much to free and enlightened republics as tothe most despotic and benight monarc! ln the present rascally state of the world, we have only to put up with it as we best can—thet is to say, keep it within bounds, and as much out of sight as jossible.— Fortunately, it seldom makes a considerable item in the expenditare of any State. ‘1 his is satisfactory in a moral pola of view; and in a pecuniary one it may serve @ reconcile us to that laxity in matters of account ape He nmeeecaes cetera . prac to the of money so devoted at the discretion of some ras enor in public confide: above suspicion of its al Ye rdingly, inthe Uni b aus Dee O Une aT control period reon’s ad- ministration, ite management was deputed to tary of State. It then passed into Ihe tanas of ceadics, tial agents, who disbursed under orders, and rd accounts periodically. On Mr. Tyler's slovation te the Presidency, he thought fit to place a service tund under tae 1s Secretary of State ; and Mr. Prom! Rae tenreume be saoanpa revious arrangem conceiving this to be a departure what was |, and perhaps from what was \, afterwards mado it, in conbexion with some trifling eet culty in uring vouchers for all Mr. Webster hed disbursed. the ofa change ogsinn teat gentleman of money own use, of using such money to corrupt the press, and of being a | pecuniery defaulter whenhe retired from office. | welt solegiquamnitis of the House, of Representatives ing inted to investigate the matter, now pu! lish Se Fopo cestitiine a American to the that they have examined Mr. thers, and allthe accounts ; and, having wade | bod idence, aud tuken note of all discov- eral ublic and Fotor and through of the chai e purity of 8 of his o Ww dollars, be er service fund ! sears ds not framed without some rd to the materials upon which its conclusions are committee decline stating the particu- Tay, condition” in which President Baap found effirs in the State of Maine, and elsewhere, when it was deemed expedient that Mr Webster should himself the direct application of a portion of fund; und they recommend that th: had’ before them be sealed up, Pand not to be opened except by order of sh barre! me to have ne ue ine vr nde pendent! ol obvious the sdministration of such a fund en- hands of the executive, it ie not, surely, charges such os those in this in- dering the nature of the evidence to or lndoedsof any tan holding the post 4 , Of tionof ‘of State in the gov mt of the United Trot and pout net be. afvcied by discrepanior in je not, a it not, to bcd ‘of the administration of 8 funds which, (however odious the necessit bad to be of any use, must be ap- plied without the check 3; and which, for that very reason, is entrusted ane is presupposed to be above suspicion of its abuse. ‘From the London Post, July 15 The PN it which had obtained publicity, with reference to an offer of mediation between the belliger- ent,powers, said to have been made on the part of the British government, are found to have been premature Of the willingness of England to promote, by all practi- ‘cable mouns, that reconciliation which would appear to be so desirable to buth nations, is little doub nd ‘now that the Oregon question has been amicavly dis- posed of, the difficulties standing in the way of her in- terference are not looked upon aa insuperable, but, as ey are of opinion that “ there is | es to impeach Mr i+ motives in the Court of Inquiry in the Case of General Gaines, die. Oxp Point Horet,Foar Mownog, Aug. 3, 1846. ‘The Court met at 9 o’clock A. M., and after a delay of | three hours, @during whichtime the courtroom was | thronged with ladies and visiters from the surrounding | neij ood and hotel, who evinced a very lively proceedings, it was intimated to the court | that Gen Gaines would not t attend until after | 12 o'clock; the court, howe: emained in session, and | expressed its willingness to afford the general ¢: sible accommodation. Gen Brooke, who, by the way, is now nearly convalescent. received on his way from St. Louis a coup de sotiel, and hence the cause of his late ill- ness His native air will svon bring him about, as he was born near Norfolk. some twenty miles from here.— He is a tine specimen of the *‘ Rough and Ready” sehool, Gen, Brady is bland in manners and disposition and more advanced in years ; and Col. Cram, seems a atraight-for- ward sort of on, who understands his * wherea- bouts” The Recorder, Captain Lee, seems to possess an aptitude for business,a quickness and intelligence that prove his perfect competency for his profession, and the duties of recording officer of the court. Within the last few days, several hundreds have called en passont, in their steam excursions on the river, to as- certain the progress and probable result in the case, and they evince a very lively interest about the proceedings. Gen. Gaines, and the officers of the Court of Inquiry, to- pare with the aids de-camp, all put up at this hotel. and reakfast, dino and sup with the company in general. The court met at 124 o'clock; after three and a-half hours delay, when the official answer, in reply to Gene: ral Gaine»*s application to have the Governors of Louisi- ana end Kentucky, and other witnesses, summoned to i irew forth an address from ereto. The official answer of this court was as fullows Court or Inquiry, July s0th, 1846. Mason Genemat Ga: Sir—I am ordered y Court with great resyect to say to you, in answer to the application on your part, which | laid before them th: y, for summonses to is- sue to the Governors of Louisiana end Kentucky, and to Colonel W. Preston, Louisville Ky., and ix Orleans or Texas, and Colonel J. Clairborn, E the Court'is of for what purpo es are require em. To justify any ad- what you expect to prove by journment of the Court to fur witnesses, or any ng and unusual d ccount, it ought to ap- pear that the evidence required, is material, and cannot otherwise be ined. It may be that what you desire to prove by these witnesses will appear otherwise; or be readily admitted by th: 1 am instructed to say we remarked in our last city article, very cogent argu- ce facts that. the tion of the fact, with Pesto in the ments are used in exemplifical course taken by England, conjointly case of Buenos Ayres and Montevideo, had been such as must lead many Americans to Cc rapered the acceptance ‘ef those “ good offices” which she bm profess to be ready to exercise for the pacification of the two North American Republics. The exertions of Mr. McLane, the representative of the United States at the British court, in order that the Oregon dispute may be brought to a friendly termination, are duly appreciated by his fellow- citizens on both sides of the Atlantic. In America, the pre’ impression evidently is, that it was chiefly through | Reg renedp y of Mr. Mc- Lane, that the matter was to a satisfactory is- sue—while, in Londohythis feeling is participated in by every ot American with whom we have conyers, 4 upon the subject, to the fullest extent. They 5 of their Minister in terms of the warmest approbativ: Every disposition is shown to do justice to the ability and the moderation of the Earlof Aberdeen. His Lord: ship has, they admit, acquitted himsell in this case in a manner that is entitled tethe highest pruise; but it is, at the same time, considered that his course was rendered the quiet straightforward con- lcLane during the progress of we ic No- comparatively easy by duct pursued by Mr. discussions. The great candor displayed by Mr. Lane throughout his repeated ferences with ble Karl, engendered a sentiment of mutual confide! and the people of the United States may be congratu- lated that they should have had at this courta rep:esen- tative in all respects so well qualified to embark in a negotiation of so difficult and delicate agature—and one which was rendered the more difficult consequence of the proteedings of Messrs, Allen, Cass, and others of the wer party in the American Senate. Mr. McLane has filled the highest offices in the cabinet of his coun- try, and resigned, on principle, the post of Secretary of your own sti nts aud explanations of your own tives and views in these transactions now under investi gation, will be received with great respect by the Court am also instructed to advert to the fact, as @ point con- sidered by the Court in this opinion, that these witnesses are not subject to their order, and may not regard any process of Court. 1 am, General, very respectfully Your obedient servant, J.¥. LEE, Recorder. Gen. Gaines, in reply to this communication, spoke as follows:— Moy it please this Honorable Court—In obedience to the deeiwsions and suggestions of the court, handed to me by the Recorder at the moment of their adjournment on the 30th, | heve the honor to state that J shall, | am sure, be able to prove by the testimony of the distin- guished public officers of Louisianaand Kentucky nam ed by me, and if necessary by many thousands of other witnesses of un:mpeached and unimpeachable honor, all the material facts necessary and sufficient for my entire and triumphant vindicetion against the grave array ot imputations upon which | have been brought betore this honorable court. With the first of these witnesses—his excellency Isaac Johnson, Governor of the State of Lou- isiana—I had the satisiaction ofien freely to confer trom the Ist or 2d of ) he moment when we hesrd of the actual commence: ‘of host upon the Rio Grande, until the 11th of June, the day of my departure from the city jof New Orleans; and | here take great pleasure in declaring, that in all my official intercourse with the high public functionaries of several of the f the Union, which has continued occasionally r war, or a strong probability of war, seemed it necessary, during a period ef nearly forty rs, in which my efforts in the defence of the country we been, with very few exceptions, promptly ‘and at hy sustained, I have never met with a more cordial or the Treasury in 1834, sooner than assent to the removal of the public deposits from the national bank by order of General Jackson. We understand he intends to return tothe United States as soon as the Oregontreaty now in his hands shall have been exchanged with the English overnment; his only object in aci cepting the mission to ndon, being thereby ecoomplined. (From the Augsburg Gazette.} ‘War has now indeed broken out, and will in no small degree tend to hasten the dissolution of the Mexican union. Texas has broken ber connexion with her own hand, for afew years she formed an independeat state. but now the “Jone estar” has been added tothe star spangled banner of the Union, and stands beside its bre- thren inthe American firmament. California, with its luxurious pastures and magnificent harbors hangs but loosely on Mexico, from whose hands it is, as it were, gliding away. Year after year, stream shoals of adven- turers into this neighbor land of Oregon ; and on the shores of the Pacific are now being repeated exactly the same scenes and events that took place two and twenty years agoin the Gulf of Mexico, amid the rolling vannahs of Texas. Th: arance of Graham and the Ger- man adventurer Sul astriking resemblance to that of Stephen Austia ai Crockett in Texas, and the declaring themsely. California the In order to attract continually fresh streams of immigrants into the country, the Americans already settled in California are sending the most alluring descriptions to the St And, indeed, bene Califor- nia (the opposite peninsula woodless, and wa- terl of the most in the . jituation onthe more hasten the future prosperity of this American con- quest, inasmuch as the magnificent harbor of San Fran- cisco scarcely hasits equal. The people that understand how to avail themselves cf the advautage of the coast be- tween there and the no less important Puget’s Sound will be the masters of this great ocean, and give laws to the Chinese as the Emglish now do. The climate is mild and everywhere healthy, the soil of as yet virgin fertility, and where unfit for arable, such luxurious pas- tures, that already the inhabitanis, in order to prevent the immoderate increase of the herds of wild cat have beencompelled to slaughter many thousand hi of steers andcows ep masse. California possessing far more conditions of extensive development within itself, than the relatively poorer Oregon, is therefore more im- portant than thiv latter. ~ hd * Continu- ous or determined resistance on the part of the Mexican government is not tobe epprehended by the new con- quistadores ; inno case will they fear it. The native whites are few, they certainly do not exceed fifty or six- ty thousand ; the Mexican President resides several hun- dred miles from Monterey ; California owes gratitude neither to him or any one else ; Rot a small portion che- rishes the same wishes as the Americans ; foreign inter- ference is not, however, to be accepted ; and thus in this state of affairs, wo see nothing to oppose the formation of a free and independent “ Republic of California.” Foreign Theatricals. The following named artists were performing in London at the time the steamship sailed:— _ At her Majesty’s theatre, Sig. Lublache, Sig. Mario, Sig. A.Giubilei, Sig Dai Fiori, Mile. Bram- billa, Mile. Corbari, Madame Grisi,Mlle.L.Grahn, Mile. L. Tagloni, Miles. Cassan, Demelisse, Ho- nore, James, Julien, Lamoureux, and M. Perrot, Mile” Castetlan, Sig. Corelli, Sig. Fornasari, Mile. Cerito, M. Venafra. At the Theatre Royal, Drury lane, Mesdames Laborde, Jullien, Charolon, Guichard; Messieurs Laborde, Massol, Zelgar, and Coudsre. At the Theatre al, Adelphi, Madame Ce- leste, Mr. O. Smith, Mr. Wright, Mr. Paul Bed- ford, Mr. Manyard, Mr. Mutchinsen, Miss E. Chaplin. At the Theatre Royal, Lyceum, Messrs. Frank Matthews, A. Wigan Meadows, Kinloch and Yarnold; Mrs. Woollidge, and Miss Howard; Meadows, Liddear, Keeley, and Mrs. Keeley. At_the Queen’s Theatre, Tottenham street, Mr. T. H. Lacy, Mr. Craven, Mr. P. Emesy, Mrs. Clara_Seyton, Miss Hartley, Mr. G. H. Gil- bert, Mr Clifford, and Mrs. Selby. At the Theatre corel, Haymarket, Mr. Caul- field, Mr. Brindal, Mr. Websier, Mr. W. Farren, Miss t. Horton, . L. 8. Buckin ham, and Miss Cushman, Mr. Webster, Mr. Buckstone, Mrs. Glover, and Mrs. E. Yarnold. Atthe Princess’s Theatre, Mr. Granby, Mr. Waillack, Mr. Ryder, Mr. Charles Mauhews, Mr. Compton, Mrs. Sterling, Madame Vestris, and Miss G. Smithson. The Ethiopian serenaders, as usual, are draw- ing very crowded houses at St. James’ theatre. The Misses Cushman were playing at the Hay- market. The London Atheneum says that on Tuesday the Ce! oy A" “London Assurance” was revived, forthe benefit of the American sis- ters. 1t was an occasion for testing the powers of both in prose comedy. Their success with the audience assembled was satisfactory. Our criti- calopinion we must reserve for a less exciting performance, when we shall be in a better condi- tion for discriminating between the good and the indifferent. That the ‘Lady Gay Spanker” of Miss Cushman would be a vigorous piece of act- ing was to be expected—sutftice it now to say, that it was marked, also, by a liveliness and nat- veté that commanded applause. Our impression of the younger sister’s talents for genteel comedy, is tondrmes by the charming manner in which she won upon the house in the character of Grace Harkaway. Mademoiselle Rachel has een giving (says a Paris correspondent) five performances at Liege, at 8,000 franes (£120) per night. She afterwards roc to Lilie, where she netted alike Ehe afterwards goes to London, where she is en- gaged to give twenty five performances, at £130 sterling per night. So that she will have received at the end of her three months’ congé, or leave of absence, no less a sum than 108,000 francs, « sum unprecedented in French theatrical annals. judicious cooperation, than that with which Gov. Johnson onorec me. | was at his office, in the State House, but a few minutes after the receipt of General Taylor’s report of the commencement of hostilities. He communicated to the House of Representatives of the Louisiana Lagis- lature (the Senate having adjourned prior to ils receipt,) the report of General Taylor, and accompanied it with @ apeech—short, but eloquent and effective—explaining the critical situation of army, and the immediate ne- cessity of reinforcements ; whereupon the House, as by acclamation, passed a law appropriajing $200,000 to ena- ble the Governor to obtain, as soon af possible, the requi- site volunteer corps. This Governor tuus proved himself to ve worthy of the exalted ad seepee. sible station of being commander-in-chief of the chival- ric State occupying the great outlet of the rate and the south-western frontier of the Union. Suche Governor, sustained by a Legislature embracing a por- tion of the remaining heroes of the 23d of December, 1814, and the 8th of January, 1815—nay, every member of both political parties— inspired as they were with the recollection und principlesot that glorious epoch, could not but constitute an appropriate body, upon the first an nouncement of war, to put the volunteer ball in motion The Governor and Legislature continued, with untiring vigilance, to do every thing which fervent patriotism. it and high moral courage could, under the ad- verse circumstances of the busy season of planting, ac- complish, until they had the four regiments required by General Taylor; they then cordially aided in the o: zation aud completion of the additional regiments infantry and riflemen invited mto the ser by me. [General U. here requested the Reorder, Capt. 4 read the resolutions of thanks and cunfidence in General dy which were of Gen Iready tement out he felt constrained to do, in consequence of receiving an intimation from Gov. Chambers that two of the regiments of volunteers had betrayed a disposiiion to muuny, in consequence of some between them, and in oruer to restore proper e, he (the general) felt con trained to appoint the above-named officer as brigadier. being on his way to Washington. He next referred to an offie.al letter of instructions trom the Department of War, dated in August, 1845, which points out the limits and defines the extent ‘to which superior officers in com- mand of the army are authorized to act in their discre- tion, without holding communication with the govern. ment. The letter confines this discretion to cases of “eminent peril to the country, 60 eminent as to leave no reasonable doubt that the President would feel it to be his duty to adopt a similar course under similar circum- stances.”) tain volunyeers dur y ace with the letter and spirit of this instruction. E witness named by me, and every intelligent citi- zen acquainted with the country apen the Rio Grande, with whom | had the means of conferring, united in the opinion, thatthe situation of General Taylor's army was one of * so imminent as to leave no reasonable doubt in my mind, tuat the President, with full knowledge of all the cumstances of the case, would have feit it to be his dut; to résort to suc! Of this I had no doubt, and | feel assured that | have been fully sustained in this view by the prompt and fe measures taken by the Presi- dent and Congress, in providing for the appropriation of ten millions of doilars, und the raising of fifty thousand volunteers, to meet the very contingency for which | wi laboring to provide adequate means to meet — [Gen. G., after contending that he had acted in conformi- ty with those instructions, and reviewing his military career, continued]: If 1 were a public prosecutor—or it | had no higher than to enter the wide field of acrimo- monious contro’ iy which the late military bure: n- dorsements and avowals so long concealed from me, but now laid open in the public docu its, would seem to invite, | might devote days and months to the Herculean work of cleansing that bureau. But I forbear. | should be wanting in magnanimity, and even in common chi ty, if { could be capable of desiring the errors of bureau to be more signally exposed, or more severely punished than some uf them 1 nd havo been, by their simple exposure to an intelligent and generous pub- lie. no complaint—I ask no personal indulgence =I é while | live no other favor, no highes distine- tion—no greater glory—than to be required to resume my proper command, and perform the proper duties of my station, namely —in war to meet end conquer the enemy, “to repel invasion,” and “in peace to poovare for war.” J expect to remain in servi 1 wish to remain in ser- vice no longer than I shall have good reason to count upon my being able promptly to av every duty conticed mean hile, | claim the mght of enjoying properly belonging to my grade and ty the last day—to the last hour of my ea- ).$. soldier. Ifany possible benefit to the mult from treating old soldie: their old chiets and heipi wise than in strict accordance with of military law, | am willing cheerfully to mubmit to such treatment. But thi desisable to the virtuous or the wise—to the brave ox thi free. | belong to my country. I was born but one y after her birth. I have grown with her grow th,—and fervent hope for her rdying pt ty, may say I have strengthened with $ “ Union,” and consequently adv throughout the Federal Union as an ler. Itis for you, my old bro- ther soldies, to say whether the imputations sgainst me are just aod true, or groundiess— Whether | am to be brought before a general Coust Martial, or retura to my Command without reproach. if you can conscientiously come to the latter conclusion upon the testimony befcre you, shall be graufied. Otherwise I pray you allow me the testimony I have desired. or aliow me the privi of a trial i fore a General Court Martial upon we Grande, whee | shali find all the testimony ! desire, butfrom whenee | do not feel myself at liberty to calle ours the Me in pet Chenis yA arp leg resence ‘ery efficient sold.er—volunteer am . ir, The Sourt bare went into secret session, and their adjournment to-morrow at 10 o’c! A. Me The jury of freeholders, in the case of George, who was phn Be on the 20th ult , of the murder of the slave Windward, and in whose case an appesl for a now trial wan made, place yesterday, and resulted in & verdict of gailt , and the court sentenced him to be hung on the first Fr: in Octobernext. In consideration, however, ‘icted, ther with other cir. of the youth of the convicted, tonetter | tNe fo a the above ‘Charleston Pat. General G. continued—All my efforts to ob- the month of May were in strict reat and imminent peril”—a peril so great and cir- js can never be neces:ary or at th. I have been advertised in the beh gr ced called the Price Two Cents. lll SE jl New-York Pilots. | To rug Eprror or rue Henao | ‘The act concerning Pilots, approved March 2d, 1887, which the Pilots and citizens of the State ot New York desire to have repealed, and the re- peal of which the Senators and Representatives of this State in Congress, are by a resolution of the Legislature ii tuted to effect, is as follows: “ Be iwenacted,” &e., * That it shall and may be lawful for the masier or commander of any vessel coming into or going out of any port situated upon waters which are the boundary between two States, to emp oy any pilot duly lensed or autho- rized by the laws of either of the States bounded on said waters, to pilot said vessel to or from said port, any law, u-age or custoun to the contrary notwithstanding.” | Itmay be seen by reference toa map of our | harbor, that certain pilots in virtue of licenses or | commissions from the State of New Jersey, pilot | vessels through waters exclusively within the | State of New Fork, in taking them to or from the city of New York and the high seas; the bounda- ry line between the two States as established by compact and agreement ratified by Congress on the beth June, 1834, being as follows boundary line between the two States of New- York and New-Jersey, from a point in the middle of Hudson Kiver, opposite the point on the West shore thereof in the forty-first degree of North latitude, as heretofore ascertained and marked to the main sea, shall be the middle of the river, of the bay of New York, of the waters between Sta- ten Island and New Jersey and of Raritan bay, to the main sea.” Vide 4th Story’s Laws U.S., P- 3 Pursuing that line, New Jersey through her own waters, reaches the sea from the city of New York, by following a small stream West of Rich- mond county, Staten Island, carrying but about tive feet of water at low tide, near Euzabethtown Point. The ship channel through which vessels are navigated to and from the city of New York, runs between Staten Island, being the county of Richmond in the State of New York, and that part of Long Island known as the county of Kings in the same Sta e. , The State of Virginia (like New York in respect to the narrows,) owns the land on both sides of the entrance to the Chesapeake, and the pilots of Maryland surrender their vessels to those of Virginia immediately on entering waters within the territory of the fatter State ; so on the other | hand, the pilots of Virginia do not venture to na- Vigate the exclusive waters of Maryland. State rights and State sovereignty are thus respected, but this act in the spirit of consolidation, tramples them under foot, practically, in authorizing New Jersey to exercise municipal authority over the State of New York. The New York Courier & Enquirer, in an arti- cle of the 8d instant, is resolved on making this a party question : be it so, let all the whig papers follow the lead, and make whatever political capi- tal of it they will. Moreover, let them betray the rights of the Stare, if such is their taste. The li- censed pilots of New York have not desired to in- volve this question with politics, but should it now take that course, the responsibility must fall where itis due. he Courier, in discussing the question, says, “Can any thing be more reasona- ble, or natural, or just? and yet ‘the party,” a party that professes to be entirely democrati &c.,"*** is now secking to deprive the § owner of his right to select his pilot ****. The monopoly pilots, however, inacuxe on the stormy sea which watts hither tie wealth, and not the wealth only, but countless thousands of citizens of other régions, are very active and in- Auential on the hardly less stormy sea of politics, and the votes they give in contest at the polls are calmly balanced by men swora before HIGH HEAVEN to do their duty to their country.” In answer to the imputation that this is a party meme ure, it will be remembered that the bull to repeal the act in question was reported by a Senator trom Maryland, alike distinguished for patrietism and intelligence, The people of this State have expressed the de- sire that the odious law should be repealed through the only legitimate channel, to wit: the Beate Le lature in joint resolution of Senate and Assembly ; and doubiless were the merchants of this city not so fully committed by whig or- wansto the creatures of their own creation, they would be glad enough to commit their interest to the acknowied experience and skill of the li- censed pilots of the State. It is repeated, pilots have not sought to make this a party ques tion; on the contrary they have in their appeal to Congress addressed themselves as well tothe in- telligence and integrity of the whig as democratic members, though with more contidence have they reposed on the democrats, of the same po- litical creed with themselves, believing that party in Congress would more sedulously examine their claims, never doubting that from both, jas tice would be eventually administered to them, The cry, clamor, and watchwords, are, “That merchants and underwriters are opposed to re- peal,” as if merchants and underwriters were all the world, and that their wishes were to over- nde State as well as individual rights. It is un- questionably true that the merchants have a deep interest in this subject, and itis equally so tnat many distinguished men of that classs advocate such repeal. — , Are we quite sure that underwriters should be consulted on this and kindred subjects? on the contrary, the very business in which they are en- ed is at war With safe navigation ; 1t is like giving lambs to wolves far protection—remove sea-risks, and their business is destroyed ; in pro- portion ag risks are enhanced by the unskilfulness of pilots, tothe same degree does their business thrive by high premiums. The fact that there are such legions of underwriters, incontestibly proves the value of the business, and the flourishing con- dition of that business concedes the principle that the greater the risk, the more insurance is effect- ed, and higher premiums paid ; at best, it is x mbling pursuit, in which all chances are niee- “3 calculated, the premiums far exceeding the losses, and none have more direct interest than they, to cajole the merchants and public in foster- ing that condition of things, which mest subserves their gains. COLA. Supreme Court Decisions—July 29 —Present Justice Beard:ley.—There bemg no further ness ready, the Court adjourned without sion of 24 days. The regular call of the cale! number 81, and the who! about 140. Judgment of the Common Pleas reversed and that@f the Justice affirmed—Stevens vs Stillson ; the Washington County Mutual Insurance Company in ston ; Wilmarth ya Chamberlain ; Livingston vs Mc- Caw; Harger vs Jenison; the Trustees of the village of Poughkeepsie vs Jackson ; Myers ve Davi Foland vs Moak. Motion to set aside award denied—The Atlantic Dock Company and Griswold. Judgment for plaintiff on demurrer, leave te amend on the usual terms—Couler vs Munger ; Anstice vs Holmes & Holmes. Judgment for defendant on demurrer, leave to amend on usual terms— ta et al ads Warner ; K. vs Romeyn. Judgment fot defendant on demurrer—The People ex rel Martin ve the Mayor &c of Brooklyn. Motion to set aside 1eport of r C8 bag had ned & Frame, iooed bg Me oogen ; Palmer vs Stephens ; 8 Sweet ; Dygert ads neeedat, net Greate. Ju reversed, and judgment for the people on demurre: ple vs Adams impleaded &c. Judgment reversed— ith ve Wright ; Maynard et al nolds ; Tomp- 's Shumway ; Parsons vs Jaq uman ve Sny- MeIntoth vs Green ; Baker vs 9 Judgment ar- re ‘Terry & Albertson. Nonauit ordered— | lower. Judgment affirm Stanton vs Haight ; Oliver va Wilder ; Griffith vs Chadwick ys salisbary; va Hodgkins ; Riche: son vs McDougall ; Gale vs rn ; Phillips vs Post- ley ; Mory va Abel ; Seley vs Chamberlain ; Mervine Roth ; Williams vs Lawrence ; Van Slyck Charles, impd Se vs the People ; Wood ple ; Canee vs Bortrand ; Howord ya Phillips | ter & others vs Sears; Platt vs Uathell; Simers | Acker vs the Mayor ke of New York ; Damon Vandewater vs Wynkoop; Ford vs Benedict e cox vs Clement ; Carter vs Rodgers ‘Spooner ; Milk ys Delong. lapers 4 —Costelio | ahd Mason ads the People, Now trial granted—-Hadden ads the People ; the People vs Jones ; Case ade the Peo ple. New trial granted, costs, abide even sit ads Gardner; Doughty vs Hope; Hubbard vs ; ads Eldridge Sid others, New. trial Teniede Wynkop ads the Highland Bank ; The Mutual Ineurance Compe ty and County of Albany ads Conover; Par. ‘arr ; Bouchaud, executor, vs Jose jas ; Corron and wie vs Finn; Wilson va pper ads Burroughs and others, executors rou ; Darling & Powers ads Loseo ; Wright et al vs Betts ; Whitford and Wife ve Harkness. New trial de- nied and proceedings remitted to N Y General cosdings directions to od colsranter Sudpment--Miller ade ri and rei judgment— Miller eee eon bef Fadgment on de et odin ‘and Newtown Bridge ‘urnpike Road va Dykes; Whiting & Whiley vs Sherman, impd, Ko ; Lamont vt Brewster ; Colm: 5. Bancus va Mattison: Whillies va Gilchrist jr; Ven Keuren and | others vs Johnston ; Halsey vs the ; Tufte ve Taylor : Stryker vs Weyant. reversed with | coste—Williams va Mercitt. Judgments for defendants | on demurrer—-The People ex re: joard of Education of the village of Poughkeepsie v= Trustees of the Poughkeepsie Lancaster School Society. Proceedings reversed with costs and restitution ordered, judgment to be entered of Junuary term, 1845—The People ex relat Munroe vs Bradt | ‘The degree of D. . was conferred on Rev. Edward hoock, . President of Amherst College, at the | Hitchcock ei of Middlebury College, Vt, J ot 0 The Bushwict