The New York Herald Newspaper, February 2, 1844, Page 2

ih vewspapers. m aud after this date, we shall supply. directly Feihicofice, all Newsraren Acests, throughont the ed States with such quantities of the NEW YOR! HEMALD, daily or weekly, as they may order, payable by draft, or other remittance, always in advance Hitherto we have refused to supply any A, and towns, except certain special and sole agents from the policy of these agents, and the great pre f om others to open a free trade in the Herald, we have resolved to break up the system of exclusive agency, and to give the preference, on ull occasions, only to those who will make the greatest effort in increasing their business, and in supplying the demands of the public. Price of the Daily $1.50 per hundred—of the Weekly $4 per hundred. Hekatn Orrick, 30th January, 194. in cities bat Separation of the Unlon.—Humbags of the Day. The separation of the Union into three grand re- publies, or confederacies, as proposed by Mr. Me- Duffie in the Senate of the United States, by way of an alternative, if the protective tariff should not be abandoned as a measure of policy, and the agi- tation of the slave question in the north settled and quieted, is a matter of such grave concernment to the whole Union, to the present age, and even to posterity, that it becomes the duty of every branch and element of the public mind to notice it, and express an opiaion of its tendency, so fur as developed. The two evil measures or movements complain- ed of by the South’Carolina politicians, which force them to propose such an alternative, are the tariff as arranged on a principle of protection for the es- tablishment and support of manufactures, and the agitation throughout the northern and free States of the unconditional abolition of slavery. Well, what is the Tariff? This subject hasbeen made the stalking-horse of politicians for nearly a quarter of a century ; one party attributing to its opefation a multitude of national benefits, aud the other party, a multitude of national evils. Now we undertake to say on this question, looking at it in a financial and practical point of view, that there never has been such a System of humbug prac- ticed with respect tv any question, as on this simple one of a tariff. On all the changes, re- vulsions and revolutions in prices, property and commerce, which have marked the last quarter of a century, we will venture to affirm that the tariff, if properly examined, has exercised an influence, thesmallest of any other public measure ever con- cocted by any legislative body. In that period of time we have seen the cotton and other staples of the south, vary from fifty to one hundred and fifty per cent, and these variations have been with- out the least reference to the tariff, and sometimes directly contrary to the inferences drawn from its operation. In the same period of time we have seen the staples of the middle and western States, flour and pxovisions, vary an almost equal ratio. And we will venture to assert that those variations have been influenced less by any tariff than by any other cause that could be named. So, also, in re- gard to the manafacturing States. We have seen in that time the prices of manufactured goods vary nearly as much as those of colon; and the fluctu- ations in the for.anes of those engaged in manufac- tures have been as great as those in the fortunes of the cotton planter of the south, or the grain-grow- er of the western and middle States. The tarifl has had, in fact, little or noting to do with any of the phenomena of American industry, No-no—no. The tariff has had the least to do with the depressions in the southern States, or the variations in the western States, or the rise of the manufacturing States, of any other measure estab- lished in this country. The agencies which have produced these phenomena are to be looked for in a different quarter—in the vast revulsions aad reve- lutions in the currency—in the weather and atmos- phere itself—in the industry of men—in the changes of fashions—and in the general movements and trade of the commercial world. And yet itis as- tonishing to see the pertinacity witn which these men, who arrogate to themselves the name ot great statesmen, attribute to the tanff all these pheno- mena. These men, indeed, appear to be like the giant who possessed only one eye, and wha canld see only in one little narrow direction, but was blind inevery other respect. They are the one- eyed men—the one-eyed statesmen. They are utterly unable to comprehend the nature, causes and reflex tendencies of the great phenomena oi aggregate industry in such a country as this; and they never will be able to comprehend them, re- garding the subject only as it were through a chink in the wall, or the cranny of a window, and taking their measures accordingly. ’ So in respect to the slave question. Mr. McDaf fie and the southern statesmen would make: us be- lieve that they apprehend inuch from the agitations of the abolitionists in the north. We do not—we caiffiot believe that men of sense can apprehend anything from that quarter. A more contemptible— mean—meagre—beggarly—powerless body of fana- ties—does not exist in any country under heaven, than the whole abolition party of the north. From the character of public opinion, and the arrange- ment of the two great parties in this section of the Union, the abolitionists, as a party, never can have any power or influence. And, indeed, the slave question itself is a thing that will be settled by the Jaws of nature, in the same way that the Indian question was settled. During the last two centu- ries, in which that immense territory now forming the United States has been settled, we have seen the Indian races, in their freedom, disappear be- fore the Anglo Saxon race, like the mists of the morning before the rising sun. And if the Afri- can races of the south were to have their free- dom to-morrow, they would be extinct in less than one hundred years, by the same process which has destroyed the Indian race. No such races as the Anglo Saxon and the African ever can exist to- wether in the same social and political condition— in the same country—without the one swallowing upand absorbing the other. We conceive, therefore, that the system of what is called “domestic sla- very” in the south, is the most benevolent and the most practically useful for the African race of any one that could be devised by the wit of man, sage or christian. We also believe it to be an axiom as certain as the return of the seasons, that in process of time, when the white races of this country multiply as they will multiply to a certain extent, all the colored races will disappear, because we have seen that problem already solved and de- termined in the case of the Indian races; and we have no doubt the same thing will take place with regard to the Airican race. There is no use, there- fore, for the agitation amongst intelligent men, of the abolition question. The best way is to follow the order of nature and the law which the Almighty has stamped on the races of men. These are the views which occur to us in the broaching of this momentous question by Mr. Mc- Duffie. We coul! multiply facts on facts, proving the ravy and soundness of our views, and eatirely uprooting the whole train of reasoning presented by Mr. McDuffie on the one side, or the protectionists on the other, in relation to the tariff question. But we content ourselves at present with giving the results which have been prodnced inoyrowa mind, frym brooding over the subject for the last quarter of a century. And we believe Miat'these groes delusions—these outrageous hum- Progeywmi dh these politivians have jpflicted’on the country for that time, in their quarrels about tans and anti-tarifi—tree trade and protection—quarrels abuat wordssare beginuing'to be regarded in the Proper light by phe intelligent masses of the peoples and politienms tasty learn thot it is {nit time to woot vera with sense. and diseretion, ~The’ people of! thisy. Union never will permit the prosperity of the | count y: aud thersaccess of the must suburne expe: riment ju (he adience or wuveroment ever aite nit mportant Arrest—The sury Notes Trac:d to a Broker in West Broadway. . : ‘Auother of those singular and mysterious affairs has just been brought to light, which may lead to | the discovery of more than mere treasury Doles, {A murder is supposed to be connected with the ‘transaction, and as it is being anravelled, we give K | the particulars so far as they have transpired. Jn ‘Yast April, a Mr. Campbell, of Van Buren, Arkan- sas, mailed $2100, principally in treasury notes to ure several mercantile firms in this city, which did not reach their destination, and some strange mystery seemed connected with their disappearance, as on the evening of the day on which Mr. Campbell had mailed them he was shot dead, while passing through the street, but by whom, or for what ob- ject, none could tell—the murderer and his object remained concealed from human ken | | cel | the notes, to every bank, and printed slips were | circulated among the brokers, but no tidings were | heard of the missing notes, until about six weeks ago, a broker named Baker, corner of Broadway and Fulton street, sent three $50 notes by another | broker named Peck, to the office of Smith & Co., | Wall street, where it was ascertained that the num- bers had been altered, and the notes were sent to | the Merchants’ Bank, where they were instantly | pronounced forgeries. Mr. Lowndes was sent for by the bank, and information given to bim of the affair. Meantime the notes were sent back to ! Peck, and by him handed to Baker, who could not tell the person he got them from. Justice Matsell, | of the Lower Police, called upon Baker, who gave | up the notes. The matter was then placed in the | hands of officers Stokely and Cockefair, and one | of the notes having been sent on to the Depart- | ment at Washington, it was discovered to be one | of the missing Van Buren Treasury notes, which | had been altered by the cunning transforming of |anOintoa9. Mr. Ogden, the mail agent, from information derived fiom some source, directed the officers to trace out two men named Samuel Botts- ford and George alias Preserved Gage, who were somewhere in the city. Gage was soon traced 10 his exchange office in West Broad- wav, and as there was nothing to warrant his com- mittal except mere suspicion, a plan was laid to arrest hin. A tottery policy was yurchased by a stool pigeon, and for this he was brought before the police, but though closely questioned, nothing could be obtained trom him relative to the treasury notes; so he was permitted to go at large, the police oflicers keeping « strict watch upon his movements ; and this led to the detection of Bottsford, who was several times seen in his company. In the mean- time a watch was kept upon Baker also, and he having acknowledged that he purchased some trea- sury notes from Gage, who denied being able to recognise the notes he had passed to him, it was resolved on to * pull” both Gage and Bottsford,and about ten o’clock on Weduesday night, the offi- cers secured their prisoners. It appears that Botts- ford was the acting deputy Postmaster at Fayette- ville on the day of the robbery, and suspicion was fastened on him in consequence of his removal shortly after from that place. His story is that he came to this country from New Brunswick, North America, about twelve years ago, and for eight years resided in this city and at Philadelphia ; that while boarding in Canal street he became acquain- ted with Gage, and lent him at times various sums of money ; and on leaving to settle in Van Buren, Arkansas, where he resided for six months, he took the promissory note of Gage for the balance due. From Arkansas he removed to Fayetteville, where he resided for two years and a half, and became a practising lawyer and a magistrate—having his office in a wing of the building in which was the post office. He was accustomed occasion- ally to deliver letters and papers, during the ab- sence of the deputy Postmaster, Mr. John Stir- man, and in return, he had his office yent free. He denies that he ever opened or unlocked a mail or mail bag, having no authority to do so—this be- ing always done by Stirman in a small room ad- ining the office. His wife becoming very un- He Wo Lay cuevine 1 CepLeniUer, duu arLVvER here ia October last, determining to return in the spring, as soon as the health of his wife would permit. On his arrival here, he called on Gage to pay, and received $100 from him on account— Gage observing that he had drawn a prize of $850 in the lottery. So soon as he heard that suspicion rested on him about the Treasury notes, he called on Gage, and was told by him that he had won the Treasury notes he had passed to the brokers froma stranger at a gambling table, and described the man as either an Englishman or a Southerner,with a round red face, red whiskers, and rather heavy built. He wore a cap and a cloak, and mentioned that he was from Philadelphia. Gage further of- tered, that if the presecuting officer would keep the matter quiet, he would be able to meet the man again, and then he would give him up. Such is the story of Bottsford. From the testimony given before Commissioner Rapelye yesterday, it appears that among the notes was one for $500, and this Gage changed at Baker's office, who received the money for it upon presentation at the counter of the Bank of America, and this gave him confi- dence in Gage, and he subsequently purchased three other notes—one for $100 and two for $50. The numbers of the following notes were altered very skilfully :— Letter B. $50, No. 36410 to 36419, Letter ©. $60, “* 36411 to 36417. Letter A. $100 “ 21406 to 21496. The examination of Gage will be found in another column. The Commissioner continued to exam- ine witnesses up to 7 o’clock yesterday evening. Mr. Barrett appearing for the prosecution and Mr. Alderman Scoles torGage. Bottsford has retamed Mr. Price. The material portion of the testimony is yet to come—that of yesterday being principally relating to the changing of the notes by Gage at the several exchange offices. The public may look for more astounding revela- tions in a day or two, in which certain men of honor are interested. At present we cannot say more. Prooress or tHE New Revicion.—Mr. Philoso- pher Greeley, whilst administering fraternal advice and discipline to Christian Webb, is not forgetful of Skeneateles Lake and on the banks of the Ohio. In yesterday’s Tribune we have nearly three co- lumns devoted to an account of the progress of the various ‘* phalanxes,”’ or barracks of the “ gsand industrial army” in the several states of New York, Ohie, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and New Jer- sey. At West Roxbury, Mass., there is, it seems, a very promising settlement, the members of which are quaintly designated ‘ Come Outers,” and Phi- osopher Greeley very naively adds that they are said to bave little reverence for any religious tor- mularies. They are men decidedly after the heart of John A. Collins of Skeneateles Lake, The account of the several settlements is exceed- ingly interesting and attructive—* Springs of iiving water” —-** vigorous men”—-'* silkworms”-—" red Jersey earth and red lipped Jersey girls”—“ inex. haustible marl beds"—-“ noble spirits”—-" warm and mellow soii"—“ resolute pioneers”"—“ grand editices”—* Ohio bottoms”—and any quantity of crab-apples capable of making cider worth $40 barrel, are among the’ inducements which invite the sick and weary of the eaith, to ihe akyluins of repose and blessedness erected by the apostles of the new revelation. “ Fiattering-in some respecte, however, us this ac- count is, yet @ven from it, it is életr that the tem- porabafaim of the new.geligion are not remark- ably prospergys, afterall. There is a great want of the ngedtyijand on the whole continent they have snot Yet been able to constritét'even one of their magniicet hfn-coops. But we suppose the | Phajanxes will rise in evdry state Hike'thm palace of ed, to be blasted by the iasane projects of violent, one-eyed political pyrtizans, who not satisfied with uinbug contests, would prostrate the national fa- bric m the hye Bt the glorious Union into-ftagments, td €6 ish an unsound and fidicu- theory in itsoal economy, or fight & phan. Alatidin, after the election of Harry of the West. ‘Well. . 7 Tt was as- rtained that the mail had been robbed a: Fayette- le, Ark., and the partner of the untortunate Camp, .| bell instantly issued notices, with the numbers of the seeds which he has dibbled on the borders of Another Theological Quarrel—One Bishop Against Three. The more we see of the world the more convin- ced are we that it is a petulant, quarrelsome, en- vious, backsliding and backbiting planet ; and that most of its characteristics im that respect grow 10 some way or other out of theological dogmata— the motives to interfere with Whieh are in many instances in elose relationship with what a foreign reviewer calls “the almighty dollar.” As to Potts and Wainwright, their dispute has become stale ; nobody cares now about the issue, so they may bring their columns to the charge as often as they like, especially us it is pretty obvious from the dust they raise that neither ever intend “coming to the point.” The rows at Washington have somewhat more variety in them ; they will attract general at- tention even in Europe; and perhaps furnish a theme for some English bone grubber to lay Messrs. Chapman & Hall, of the Foreign Review, under contribution, & la Dickens, We must how- ever pass that subject by for the present, to inform the readers cf the Herald that Dr. Onderdonk, “Bishop of the Diocese of New York,” has just addressed ‘‘a Pastoral Letter to the Clergy and Peoyle of his spiritual charge.” The good Bishop, we learn from this Pastoral, has discovered what a wicked world is this. He has been wronged and wounded to the quick by three other Bishops, to whom he has addressed a ‘‘remonstrance, protest and demand.” The tollowing are some passages from this form: -ble epistle :— “To the Right Reverend the Bishors of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States of America, their brother, the undersigned, the Bishop af New York, feels himself compesled by @ sacred imperious sense of duty to nis office and his diocese, and to the Church and its Divine Head, to communicate this his solemn remon- strance, protest, and demand. Three of our number, to wit, the Bishops of [linois, Vermont, and Ohio, have thenght proper pnblicly to make insinuations and lay charges against the undersigned, in matters connected with an ordination held by him in the month of July last; which charges Ge hepa ip involve dh weenie of the undersigned on paints deeply aifuoting the script ral integrity and soundness of hig doctrines, his devotion to the true interests and welfare of the jon of Christ's Chursh of which he is one of the chief pastors, his faith. tulness to his own dlocose, and consequently hjs fitness for the high and sacred afiice with which, in the course of God’s providence, and by the appointment of His Holy Spirit, he has been invested. : “Tne Bishop of Hiinols haa referred in a published mphlet to the aforesaid ordination as a step towards ringing the most serious evils upon the reh, soiling foctrinal purity, changing essentially her character, blasting her prosperity, and ruining her institutions. Tho Bishop of Ohio has dehounced it to his Conyentian and to the world as deserving the highest censure, and fraught with danger to hurch, and grounds upon it a virtual threat not to receive clergymen into his diocese on letters of dismission from the undersigned, because of their being no security for the doctrinal soundness of ity dis mis The Bishop of Vermont, besides hi ing it at Jarge, justifies the aforesaid acts of his brethren of Illinois and Ohio, on the ground of anclent allowance in the Catholic Church of one Bishop's interfering in th diocese of auother, when the latter was in heresy, oroth wise bringing alarming evils upon the Church, This, Lee gi the character attributed by him to the under- signed, . . * ¢ * . e And Custer the undersigned hereby, inthe name of God and of His Holy Church, demands of his said breth- ren, the Right Reverend Philander Chase, D. D., Bishop of Iinois, the Right Reverend John Henry Hopkine, D. D.- Bishop’ of Vermont, and the Rigit Keyerend Ch arlea Petit Mellvaine, D. D, Bishop of Chio, that if they are honestly persuaded that the undersigned ia justly lia- ble to the charges which they have brought or insinuated against him, they do forthwith, agreeably to the Canon of the General Convention entitled * Of the Trial of Bishops,’ present him for trial; that thus it may be fairly and cano- nically tested whether he is guilty, or whether they are mistaken accusers,” This wager of battle is a revival of the casus belli between the American Puseyite and Evangelical armies, stimulated probably by the loaves and fishes of the rich Corporation of Trinity Church. Bishop Onderdonk seems confident in the right- cousness of his cause, but he complains bitterly ot the anti-episcopal treatment he has received from his brother ‘Bishops. Bishops, it seems then, can go out of their way to err in conduct as well as doctrine. The reply of Dr. Onderdonk is drawn up on the principle adepted by St. Paul when he magnified himself to the churches; afier which he thus obliquely disposes of his “right reverend” de- tractors :— “Phe necessity for addressing you ut this time is con- nected with a very peculiar and’ unprecedented state of things in our Church, Evil principles appear to he etrengthened in their league against ns. Infidel, hereti cal, und schismatical influences are powerfully at work. There is also enlisted in the sume ranks the interference ot the merely worlily, careless to what interests they ined, provided worldly motives, principles, and agencies may be brought to bear upon its views an‘ de- signs, And in unhappy illustration of the infection which romelyelh sxende.be arKenerate, dedeaion bath se fas herself agencies tending to the same result, much more worthy of those that are without. Hence have resulted consequences truly painful to the pions heart. Many of the most sacred principles and requirements of the Gospel have been subjected to profane if nat blasphemous treat- ment. Subjects essentially and solely connected with the Church of Christ—that kingdom which is not of this world —have been degraded into entire subservience to se- cular principles and views. Unblushing efforts have been made to array the sheep of Christ's flock against their pas- tors. ‘The more faithtvl these, and the more influenced by holy independence of popular errors and delusions, the more have they been held upto scorn and ridicule, the meanness of which is lost, to the truly Cnristian mind, in its painful sense of their wickedness and impiety, Conse- quences most baleful to evangelical affections and morals have followed ; the courtesies of society heen violated ; Christian friendships sacrificed ; fraternal recognition de- nied ; and the propristies of relative station sadly over- passed.” Where this pretty episcopal difference will end we know not. We hope to hear something more of it, which is tolerably certain if the three accu- sing Bishops have any mettle in them. Pennsyivantan Morauiry.—A considerable fuss has been made in some quarters, in consequence of the discovery of the sale of anumber ot whig voters by one Mr. McCurdy, editor of a country paper at Harrisburg, Pa., for the sum of $3000. We dcn’t see why so much should be made of this disposing of ho- nest, independent, and patriotic whigs, like so many sheep, at so much per head. The upright and en- lightened legislators of Pennsylvania have been robbing Europe of five or six millions annually, by refusing to pay their debts, whilst they have abun- dant means to discharge their obligations; and yet we hear a great deal said about it in that virtuous State. Arrivans or Mat Half a dozen mails from New Orleans came on Wednesday night. Our mer- chants were agreeably astonished at their appear- ance. Many had given up all hopes of again hearing from that quarter through the United States Mail Half a dozen more mails are yet due from the south, and it is generally thought that if they get here next week, no one ought to complain. Those we have received are a God-send,provided they can be sent to Boston in time for the Britannia. Ore Bent axp Visoxtemrs.—These inimitable artists are at New Orleans, where the people are in the greatest state of excitement at the ravishing music which they produce. Vieuxtemps is perform- ingatthe French Theatre. lis first appearance was on the 17th ult., when the house was crowded with beauty and fashion, and his reception was of the most enthusiastic character. He took the house by storm, says The Tropic, and the applause be- stowed upon him was most rapturous. We hear nothing of his associate, Mr. Schuberth. Ole Bull performed the same evening athe ‘Theatre Saint Charles, the prices of admission to which were raised filty per cent, and he elicited even greater admiration than his rival. He achieved a perfect triumph, and impressed the citizens with a pro- found conviction of his originality and genius. The excitement among the French and German popula- tion was running very high at the departure of the last accounts. ets Amenrtcan Rerverican Bart,.-—-A very magnifi- cent Ball is tobe given by “Young America” at the Park Theatre one of these nights. The theatre willbe decorated in the most elegant style, and the congregation of the beauties of the true mative American stock; will equal the display of the Boz Ball ; whilst in patriotism and genuine respectabili- ty, that affair will be far outstripped onthe ap- proaching ocgasion. Nover Concert tn Newark —There. is to be a grand Ethiopean Concert given.at Siewnrt's Hotel, in Newark, this evensna, ‘and another to-morrow evening. ‘ es Pine at Jenset Crry.+Yesterday aftéraoon at 4 P.M. afire brokeout in’ a’small building in the rear of the late S, Péarifan’s dite which and two adjoining houses were more ot leas injured, Ming, the ‘1o0f of | ‘The Post Office. A return hag just been made to the Senate by the Pommaster General of the number of letters, news- papers, pamphlets, &e., which passed through the mails of the United States during the month of October, 1843, of which we present below a con- densed abstract, so far as concerns the largest States. The account was directed to be taken so as to state the number of letters of each grade of postage, the number of free letters, and by what class of officers franked; the number of dropped letters, by which is meant letters thrown into the post offices to be delivered out, at the same place; the number of regular newspapers subject to post- age, and the number free of postage ; the number of periodicals, and the number of occasional news- papers. The printed return is just a synopsis of these facts, in a tabular form, so as to exhibit the result in each State and Territory. The details, says the Postmaster General, fill two large volumes of manuscript, which are at the service of the nate, to which is added the important proviso, “to be returned to the Department.” Some of the post offices, it appears, have not sent in any returns, and with respect tothem an estimate isgiven drawn upfrem data furnished in the quarterly returns end- ing July 1843, which, it is believed, will approxi- mate tothe true amount. Although not called for by the resolution of the Senate, the Postmaster has added to this report a statement of the contract cost for transporting the mail in each State and Terri- tory, and the amount of gross and net revenue col- lected in each. A statement is also annexed of an accurate account kept for three weeks in Apmil, 1840, at the City Post Office in Washington, of the numbers of tree letters and documents franked by members of Congress and the Executive Depart- ments, upon which an average is calculated of the extent to which these privileges press upon the mails. The following are extracted fromthe ‘ Exhibit of the number of paid and unpaid letters, free let- lers, newspapers and pamphlets received in the se- veral States and Territories of the United States, during the month of October, 1843; and also of the gross amount of letter postage, the gross amount of newspaper and pamphlet postage, the nett amount derived from postages, and the con- tract cost for transportation, for the year ending June 30, 1843."" Srare or Massacnusers Gross ann'l. revenue. Lertens—Paid and unpaid Franked by Posmasters. 4. Members of Congres me 13,296 Government officials 1,115 9 Dropped letters... . «6,725 | 290,102 48 Estimated non-returns ol’ " Grand total..... 66.0465 Joana) Newsrarexs—Charged with postage 261,036 ) Papers received ree. 8 eet casional or irregtt 65,201 Pee Vitueed) noceraa oso ¢ $43,171 90 Total. dew scee District Lerrens—Pald and unpaid Franked by Pustmasters. M4) = uae as Of COREE 2 67,871 we vern’nt officials. . 6 Dropped letters. . .. . 1,236 f 889,497 09 Estimated non-return: nil Grand totul. . 6.6... cee. 92,658. Newsrapens—Charged with postage 12,316 Toceived free. fos cs cco cos 22346 | Occasional or ++ 4,797} $2,939 75 Total. occ eee cesses eee 40,450 Srats or Vinginia. Lerrers—Paid and unpaid + «101,651 Franked by Postmasters. ... 7,422 i Members ot Congress 896 9,903 “ Government officials 1,585 Dropped letters... . .. 1,780 | $190,110 29 Estimated non-returns 5,042 | Grand total. .... 46+... + «118,876 Newsrarens—Charged with postage 168,099 ) Received feo, Lot 20,088 ccasional or las «113 \ gs Non-return ....4+ Sasiia7¢ $93,903 43 “ Government oficials, 647 Dropped letters, beng ates Non-returns, Grand total,.... MENT TN i Received free, di S6t | Occasional or irregular « 39,263 $49,407 90 Non-returns,..... 5 13,666 Total... 875,748, State or Manvianp. Letrens—Paid and unpaid,...... 83,760) Franked by Postmasters,. .2,804 | Members of Congrs 450 6,280 | Government officials, ‘945 mm Dropped letters. . .. . asorf Si41,661 33 Non-returns,.. . . 1,182 Grand total). ....... 4+. .+ 94,082) Newsrarens—Charged with post- WBC. eee $6,316 | Received free, an7t4 Occasional or i B74 + $16,085 99 Non-returns, .. Total .. eee eee 123,497) State or Pennayivania. Lxtrens—Paid and unpaid, 225,944 Franked by Postmasters, .12,375 “Members of Congress 9606 16,022 | “Government officials,2,187 § | Dropped letters,. . . tees s 10,835 Non-returns,... 3,144 7 $395,609 61 Grandtotal,..... 2... +» 955,445 J Newspapers. Received Occasional or irregulai Non-returns.... . $60,198 36 Steeeretes | + 474,149 J ‘State oF New York. Lrrtens—Paid and unpaid. . ... .487,710 Franked, by Postmasters, 30,505 “Members of Congress, 4215 “Government officials, 3954 J Dropped letters. . Non-returns. . . + 32,546 | 4,398 38,674 $877,538 50 Grand Total. ........ 563,983 J Newsrarers—Charged with post. 586,666 | piesoel hoe Coste oe soe . + 123,863 Total,. «se... eee ves «959,260 The very great superiority of New York is here too apparent to need pointing out. It appears further from this return, that estima- ting the same amount of mail matter for each month in the year, the total number of letters re- ceived, chargeable with postage, is 24,267,552 each year; whilst the franked letters amount to 2,815,692 ; and the newspapers to 49,719,780. The total net revenue from postages for the year is stated at $2,957,580 16. ‘The third and last table appended to the report, we give entire:— Statement oF Fai FRoM THE Pe TENS AND DocuMENTS Mal IN Wasninctow Crry THe Session or Conan 97 and ending May 2, 1810 6437 7237 oF eek commencing Apri F ee letters from Co geese. tee eee Free letters rom Executive deparuin nts+ ++ For the week commen’g May 27 & end’g June 2, a 6,560 7195 13.674 Fret tors trem Corgeessess + Free lette strom Executive da, arturents +++ For the week commen g Ji Free letters from Co. gees Bree lets For the week i lvenments, weighing (pon the week commencing May 21 and 8 ending June 2. 1811 108,912 public documents, Weighing (pounds): « For the week commencing July 1 and endl a ha 768 pablie doenmen' ne welneing (reund.)+> 9,076 5 394,268 docusue.ts in 3 weeks, weight (pounds)- 32,689 Sadist micas 4,314,048 public docw'ts in 33 weeks, weigh: (Ibe) 399,079 Whole unmber of docaments tee +314,9418-—waht 359,079 Ibs Torat documents and (ree tettersaent during wexstou Of 39.4 bek s+ A,781,293 The facts if this Répeit’ should. be carefully | stu lied. bythe advocates of-ayeheap aud uniform, {Pate of postage. | arm Af at -aihona dy Sai ‘ ». OvERYAND Mast.tro, Bos rop.-wA dunts & Go. havé started. daily--qverland mail to Boston, to leave every’ evening at six o’clock, ‘This’ sounds like the “ Overland mailto India.” Both mails go to he east, From Bostox.—Dy Harnden & Co.'s overland ess, we received , wie evening. ry meg ef we n engaged in cutting a ship-way through the ice Were compelled to give up the attempt, owing to the in- tense cold and the rapid formation of the iee, ard the strong wind from the north. Several of the men were badly frost-bitien. A despateh had been sent to Fresh Pond for the ice ploughs, and a fresh set ofhands were to be pat al work as soon as the apparatus could be received. Great fears were entertained that the Britanma could not be cut out in time. ‘The steamboat Kosciusko, which left this city with the mail on Monday afternoon, at 4 o’clock, after foreing her way thirty-five miles through the ice, was disabled in an attempt to back out of a large field of ice near Norwich Point, and was soon locked fast. The mail and passengers were forwarded by teams to the shore, a work of five hours. The boat was fast at the last accounts. The mail arrived at Boston at half past 8 o’clock the following evening. The mail of Tuesday had not arrived there at the closing of the mail on Wednesday evening, and the passengers who left Boston for this city on Monday, by the Long Island Sound, were com- pelled to return, the Narragansett having made two unsuccessful attempts to force a passage. Great weather, this. Cass Movement 1x Bostox.—The friends of Gen. Cass had a meeting on Tuesday evening, at Faneuil Hail, to nominate him for the Presidency —Aaron Hobart, President. The speakers were Messrs. Gale and Walsh of that city, and the Hon. John McKeon, the little O'Connell of America, who made the ‘rafters ring’ with his oratory. ‘The Mail observes that “none of the big guns of democracy in that city participated in the move- ment.” His nomination is advocated on the grounds of merit and expediency. Exection in Massacuusetrs.—It is now suppos- ed that there has been a choice in the Third Con- gressional District. Abbott, whig, has gained 257 in a dozen towns, which is about the number he lack- ed of a choice at the last trial. Orexinc or tne Orzna Hovse.—The elegant opera house erected by Signor Palmo, will be opened to-morrow evening. It isone of the most commodi- ous, beautiful, and judiciously construeted theatres on this continent. Bragaldi, an artist of acknowledg- ed talent and taste, has had the general superinten- dence of the erection and decoration of the house, and his experienced judgment has enabled him to introduce many novel and important arrangements, which will contnbute greatly to the convenience and comfort of the audiences. The arrangements for lighting the house, and for its ventilation, are particularly judicious. The drop scene has been very beautifully executed by Guidicini and Mona- chesi, and the architectural scenery by Bragaldi is worthy in every respect of that artist. The ar- rangement of the seats is similar to that at Niblo’s a'oon; but from every point the view of the stage isclear and unobstructed. Admirable arrange- ments have been made for the convenience and comfort of the ladies, with respect to cloak and dressing rooms; and the retreshment saloon will be conducted ina style of unsurpassed elegance. The orchestra will be very effective, and with Rapetti as leader, will be unequalled in this coun- iry. A full chorus has been engaged, and alto- ether, we think that the debut of the new com- pany will be auspicious. Co: v ar tue Tavernacie.—The Hughes amily give a very attractive concert, to-night, at the ‘'abernacle—an address on music, its refining tendencies, and its general influence on society, will be delivered by the poet, J. Augustus Shea, Faq. Several amateurs, and professional ladies and gentlemen, will also appear on the occusion.— Patronize them. Concent at Tus Avorio.—On Saturday evening a benefit concert will be given to Adam Fecher, by several of his artistical friends. Hill, Hewitt, Otto, and Scharfenburg are among the number. SLeIGHING ar Lasw—As we are going to press, there is a most delicious suow storm, Hark! there? goes a sleigh load of jolly fellows. Ladies, on with your mofls and cloaks, and then, heigh for a dash along the avenues for Burnham’s and Nowlan’s. Arotro Satoon, Broapway.—Among the many halls adapted to balls, concerts, soirées, and such like amusements, there is no place better fitted than the Apollo Saloon, in Broadway. On this subject we find the following in a cotemporary :— Awnxvat Bat. ann Concert or tHe Euterrgan Socir- ryv,—The annual concert and ball of the Euterpean Socie- ly, which took place atthe Apollo on Tuesday evening, was one of the most elegant and delightful social pare ties we ever attended. The Euterpean Society is an incor- porated institution, and isnow nearly half acentury old. t possesses an extremely valuable musical library, @ fixed stock, &c. &c., and is universally esteemed one of the vest, if not the very best, of amateur musical associations in America. Some of our most eminent musical profes- sors are indebted to this institution for its fostering care. ‘The concert, which was the first thing in order, passed ! with the greatest eclat. The performances were al- ighly respectable—sometimes magnificent. The two songs by Mi ame Oto were unusually well given, even for that distinguished artist ; e and the two comic songs by Mr. Phillips, a member of the society, were su- joel "Tnulberg’s beautiful fantasia for the piano, from Bellini’s Straniera, was exquisi piszea by @ young la dy amatour ; and the finale, from Il Pirata, was & most sa- tisfactory performance. We ought not to forget that the fine and sweet toned piano used on the occasion, was from he manufactory of Mr. James Virsson, 104 Elm street.— Altogether, the performances, were superior to many a highly-scented and duly pu public concert; und the company frequently manifested their admiration in the most unequivocal manner. [t gives ua pleasure to speak of our old friend, Mr. George Alker, the ‘gentlemanly proprietor ofthe Apollo. He is always at home, and, however bugily engeged, meets you with asmile. The supper and appoiniments were got up in his usual good style. In fact, it takes him to doit. Great credit is due to Mrs and Misa Aker, in making and hangit lendid curtains and tapestry in the saloon. Suc d daughter is a rich legacy to any man. Tne Apollo, with its saloon, ante-chambers and supper rooms, are not surpassed by any other establishment in the city, ana is deservedly the most boplat and fashiona- ble. ‘Phe band, consisting of twenty-three pieces, under he direction of Mr. Dodsworth, and hired by the Euter- pean for the ball, gave unqualified satisfaction. Cores’ Exnrrition.—Mr. Eprror :—I understand that the exhibition of Mr. Coles’ pictures, 1s to be continued for a week longer. Those who are desi- rous of seeing an exhibition of some of the most beau iful works of art yet produced in this country, or perhaps any other, ought not to Minas the op- portunity of seeing them escape, for it will be \ong, in the nature of things, before the artist can again present to the public, so numerous « collec- tion of his finest works. The picture of Mount Etua, which is on a very large scale, ought alone to be sufficient to draw crows Itis a magnificent picture of a magnificent scene. The“ Voyage of Life,” also is a work on which the lover of paint- ing and poetic thought can muse delightedly for hours. ‘There are other pictures of great interest and beauty in the exhibition, and to those who are satiated with concerts, lectures, &c., 1 would say spend a quiet hour among Coles’ Pictures; and to those who are not, ] would say they would enjoy all these things better for having seen Coles’ Pic- tures. Amusements. Cratiam Crevs.—Who does not love the horse, the pride of the wild Arab of the desert, and, next to his mistress, the most beloved object of the English no- ble or the sportsman the world over? Who then Sota not admire the feats and capers of the well-trained—the noble steed—as he gambols around the ring of the circus—and the gaily dressed rider, too, with what confidence does he bestride or mount erect upon the gentle creature's back ! Rockwell and Stone have unquestionably the best trained stud in the country, andin every other respect their es- tablishment is beyond the power of rivalry, The public ‘ preciate their, efforts, jand generously “patronize the f Asmat Macyetisu.—The comic Yankee lecture on Animal Magnetism, by the renowned comedian, Great Western. will be repeated to-night at the Ameri Museum. for the fifth time,by special reqnest. Dr. Valent, prince of imitators ineators of diflecent will open his rich budget of fun and mirth; und Mons. Madame Checkeni, T. G Booth, H. G. Sherman, and I Petite Cerito, are ail engaged, and will contribute lorgely to the entertainment of the audience. The Gipsey Queen ix at home at all hours, and may be privately eonswited regarding past, present and fature events. The Albino Boys remain but two days longer. MUSIC TWILL'S SALOON, No. 201 Brondway, wb auver tte pied with Music and Musical Instru- ments than at the present moment, and he is constantly receiving and daily publishing more. It is well worth the attention of nll lovers of harmony, and a visit to the yy the pleasure to be de- mld be well rived by looking © oxtensive collection. BY THE SOUTHERN MAIL. _ last night from Washington state that the Senate has rejected*John C. Spencer, nominated as Judge of the Supreme Court, Thiscompletes the rejection of the high nomi-ff aations—Porter—Henshaw and Spencer-—which we stated weeks ago, might, and should, and would, be rejected by the Senate. Tt is a just and merited rebuke for the political humbug they have heretofore practiced on the President, as well as on the country. Now that Mr. Spencer is rejected from the Bench, we should suppose he should be removed or retire of his own accord from the Treasury, and thes enable the President to reconstruct afresh nearly his whole cabinet. ‘Washington. [Correspondance of the Herald.) Wasiinaton, 3ist Jan. 1844. Mr. Spencer has been this day rejected by the Senate. No other business was done in Execu- tive Session, The vote stood 27 to 21—nearly a political vote ; five or six whigs voting for him, and asmany Democrats voting eguinst him. It was ad- mitted that his talents are of a'high order—not deficient. But of his political honesty there was some doubt. He has been too much like the shadow of a tree, sometimes on the one side, and sometimes on the other. His anti- masonic course, too, was not much admired. When Judge Thompson was on his death bed, and John ©. Spencer was named as his successor, the dying Judge said—* God forlnd ! God forbid! He isan ugly man!” Senaiors felt that our Supreme Court is our last bulwark—our fortress—our rock and tower of defence when all else fails. Any vacancy must be filled with a man of diamond pu- rity, and adamantine integrity, in whom there can be no “shadow” of turning. It is expected that the next action of the Senate, will be upon Mr. Wise’s appointment to Brazil. Some think that his late attack upon Mr. Sargeant (whig) will dohim nogood. Although the general impression seems to be, as I have before stated, that he will be confirmed. B. ‘Wasuinaton, Jan. 31, 1844. ‘The President’s Levee last night was erowded to excess. Not less than 2000 people were present. Jt was a very gay and brilliant scene. The President and Mrs. Robert Tyler received the guests with their well known hospitality, ease, grace and cour- tesy. There was but little dancing in consequence of the press of the crowd. ‘There was a funous row, fight, knock-down and drag-out here Inst Sunda’ ight, between some eight or ten gentlemen of distinction. Frightiul jamage was done. I amtold there has never been so much fighting and bloodshed at Washington , upon a winter before. | i In relation to the difficulties between Messrs. Shriver and Weller, | have received from M1. Shriver a ony of yesterday's Patriot, from which | cnt all the information upon this subject to be had to-day, excepting that Mr. Shriver tells me he wax yesterday arrested and held to bail in the sum oi #1000 to keep the peace. A Card. Wasninazon, Jan. 30, 1344. ‘The nature of the attack made upon me hy Mr. Weller, in the hall of the House of Representatives, (the particu- lars of which I have already given to the public,) neces- sarily requiring of me a further prosecution of the mat- ter, for the vindication and maintenance of my honor, and having done all in my power to procure the satistaction which one gentleman has a right to demand of ar “her in such cases, I conceive it to be due to myself to submit a statement of the course I have pursued, and the result of my efforts to obtain redress. ‘As soon after tie affair between Mr. Weller and myself as 1 could obtain the services of a friend for that purpose, (sent a note to Mr. W. requesting him to meet me in Bal- timore, when the matter could be settled without ditti- culty. The annexed letter, written by Mr. Edward W. Johuston, in reply to one from me, will show what occur red immediately after my note was despatched :— Wasuinaton, Jan. 26, 1844. My Drax Sin s—- On Thursday night last, 1 ore to Mr. Weller, of Ohio, anote from you, # initia ‘a wish to see him at Baltinore forthe adjustment of tl ferences between you. Mr. Weller, ufter Seog the communication, promised me an answer ut 10 o'clock the next morning. "1 was, at that hour, received, accordingly, by his authorised friend, who verbully, on his part, declined the interview—udding, however, that in thet course, nothing disrespectful to Mr. Shriver ner offensive to me was meant. My agency thus terminated, in the formal part of what- ever could be done on your side to procure such a termi- nation of the satter # you were entitled to and greatly desired, | have only to express my regret at the insuc- ess{ul event of my intervention, Yours, very sincerly, EDWARD WM. JOHNSTON. To Mr. A. F, Sutuven. It will be perceived, that at ten o'clock, on Friday, ficd of Mr. Weller’s refusal to Mr. Johnston was no’ ecept 1» accompanied a disc! weany a Eeporve’ to Mr. rei or disres) rminated of any ful to me. This te: the formal part of the negotiation, but not all consultation. Mr. Weller’s friend and Mr. Johnston had repeated interviews, subse- quently, in reference to an informal mveting at some re- dred p(s in the city, which my friends were desirous of arranging, as an alternative, but which the other party declined ; and also in reference to a suggestion on the part of Mr, Weller’a friend, that the affair was susceptible of un amicable adjustment. All this, however, terminated ina way which left the matter precisely where it stood when my invitatien to proceed to re was declined. ‘Thug the public will perceive that [ have used every ef- fortinmy powerto procure of Mr. Weller the satisfac- tion I aright to demand, and which, under the ci cumstances, if a man of honor, he could not have refused. pace will also perceive that { have been unsuccessful in obtaining from him redress, After stating these facts, | shall leave it to the public to determine whether | have successfully vindicated my honor, and whether Mr. John B. Weller, of Ohio, has not won for himself the charac- ter of a coward, and thereby forfeited the character of a gentleman. 2 A. ¥. SHRIVER. Counter SraTemEent.—We copy the following card of Gen. Dawson, in relation to the diffienlty between Messrs. Weller and Shriver, from the Washington Globe of Wednesday evening. A Card. An article has this moment heen shown tome inthe “ Baltimore Patriot” of yesterday, over the signatures of A. F. 8chriver and Edward Wm. Johnston, in relation to the difficulty between the former and Mr, Weller, of Ohio, (for wi acted in this affair.) I desire to say, ‘unequivocally, that the statements they have made as to what transpired are incorrect in every important particu. lar. 26th instant, a note was On Thursday see Oe handed to me by Mr. We from Mr. Schriver, with a matter, and to take such request to act as his friend in acourse as | might deem necessary for the maintenance of his honor. The next day (Friday) 1 ae to the mom of Mr. Weller, where J received Mr. Edward Wm. John- ston, the bearer of the challenge, (who was endorsed asa gentleman by Mr, Wm. Cost Johnson, of Maryland.) 1 informed him that, as the jriend of Mr, Weller, we could not meet Mr. Schriver ; that we could not recognize ag an equal ; that he must take back the challenge ; arid he did so. He Sopa then remarked, What shall we do? Mr. Schriver cannot get to see Mr. Weller. L informed him that, if Mr. Shriver wished to attack Mr. Weller, to bring him up to the House between one and 4 ab be lay ee ieee myself to pro- juce Mr. Weller outside of the House, at an: i eo might designate neat by ir. Weller and myself repaired to the Capitol at about poo =D and remi eo there until an hour after the journment—say 4 o'clock, P. M, No one approaching, we walked down the avenne to our quarters é In the evening, Mr. Edwanl Wm. Jobnston came to my room, and spoke of another time being fixed for a street fight. I answered, your friend has acted ¢ in not a'tending today at the time named, and I cannot corres. pond with you farther on that subject. He then spoke ofa reconciliation, and ailuded to his unpleasant situation, and adverted to Wm Cost Johnson. | then said, bring Mr. Wm, Cost Johnson to me, and we can arrange it. The next day (Saturday) Mr. William Cost Johnson and Edward William Johnston came tomy room, and we jad a long interview. I informed them then that we could make no concessions—no compromises—no apolo- gies. No declaration was made to Mr, Kdward Wm. Johnston, that, in tho declination of the challenge of Mr. Shriver, we meant no disrespect to him or his friend ; for itwas my determination from the outset, that he (Mr. Welter) should fight nobody but a gentleman of undispu- ted character. Whatever has been done, has heen done on my advice ; and I have no hesitation in saying that the conduct of Mr. Weller throughout the|whole of this transaction, has been that th-minded and chivelric_ gentleman, and aman of hoi JNO. B. DAWSO! Mrs. Hewrrr’s, Jan. Frou Texas.—Our accounts froin Texas, by the way of New Orleans, vome down to the 10th of January. A correspondent of the Houston Democrat far- nishea the following from the seat of government :— “An extra was received here containing an extract from President Tyler’s Message relative to this Republic; and, strange as it hn f appear, the Clerk of the House of Representatives read the document, and it was referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations of that body How that little country will feel her conseqnence when she hears we have kindly volunteered to legi: think | may venture to say that there ix n members that think there is even a probability of o having @ chance for annexation; and, if our indepe can be obtained, | donot Lelieve there is half a doz woul'l accept it—I menn annexation.” A preamble and joint revolution for the annexation of ‘Texas to the United States has been introduced in the House, and had | een referied to the Committee on Foreizn Relat The resolution provides at some length the hich os shall be admitted into the Union, icuis, and privileges as.u State, &e, very Seryarienn session a “See 6. Be it farther resolved, That in consideration of the grant made by Texas of the public lands to the United States, coniained in the fourth section of this resolution, the United States assume the payment of all the public debt of Texas, at the rate of che specie value of said debts at the time of their creation or assumption, and for the:ate and value of which the proper references shali be made.” — Intelligencer, Feb. 1, One