The New York Herald Newspaper, December 9, 1842, Page 2

YORK HERALD. ew York, Priday, December 9, 1842. Washington Correspondence and Heport: Toe importance of the movements and debates ng the present session of Congress, are expected to be so great, that we have remodelled our system eatirely, and have organised it ona plan that we ¢ the most popular, interesting and com~ ever yet devized. \. PARMLRe, our correspondent during the ions, in consequence of incompetency 83, and misconduct towards us, has ced, and Mr. Wa. H. Arrree has been vedin his place at Washington,to take charge he whole arrangements of the Herald in that Parmlee’s conduct, we have every reason to eve, has been both treacherous and faithless to our interests, while he was earning his bread in our “mployment By misrepresentations and falsehoods mad to us,Parmlee obtained a considerable sum of money,over and above his regular salary, and when he could not succeed in his attempt to procure more money bythe same means, he turned round and treacherously attempted to injure our character and our solvency. We have also every rea- son to t, by the like system of misrepresentation and falsehood, he has grossly deceived the President of the United States, through whose favor he was appointed to a secret agency on the frontier; and we have no doubt he suceveded by the same means to deceive Mr. Ro- bert Tyler, the President's son. All these allega- tions against Parmlee we can prove by written evi- dence in our possession—and we trust that the Exe- cutive and all others will take care how they trust a man who has behaved to a benefactor ashe has done to us. In consequence of this conduct, Parmlee hasno longer any connection with this paper. The only «uthorised reporter and correspondent at Washing- Mr. Wu. H Arrrer, who has been in our yment for several years, and whose capacity aud industry we have tested. He reported the fa- mious speeches at Pachogue and Richmond, maae by Daniel Webster in 1840—he is also one of the corps who reported the last great speech of Daniel Webster in Boston. He unites the capacity of ver- baton reporter and general letter writer in the same person, and will, we believe, give as graphic, as in- teresting, as useful an account of public events at + a8 any man in that capitol. He has trom us to deal fairly with every promi- sman and party—to be just to the Presi- od lis cabinet, and equally so to treat the whigs and demoerats, and all their principal men, and decorum. In the event of im- rtant debates he is authorised to employ extra re- porers to assist him—but a permanent corps is un- sary and useless. purpose is to give to President Tyler and administration a fair, manly and open without fear, favor or aflection— same time we will treat every other blie man, Clay, Calhoun, Van Buren, Cass, think will prehen Mr. last two <e believe, th em nent state his support, but at ve. with the same regard and the same justice. Our support is unbought, and unbuyable. For six ngpntis past, any of the confidential friends and advisers of the President, both here and in Wash- ington, vave been very busily intriguing against us, and endeavoring to slander and defame our charac- ter, for what purpose we know not, unless it was » could not be bought up for the use of this or that particular cligue of office seekers, or of- tice holders. We despise all such miserable crea- "hey cannot reach us, for in our circum- thanks be to God and the American people, idependent of all Presidents, all parties, liques. We go heart and soul for our —and make war, hip and thigh, only on our nemies, that ¥ s—Maptsos1an—Mussace.—We have to notice apiece of conduct inthe Madisonian news- £ Wyshington, which is the meanest, and t contemptible that ever yet came under our no- in a connection of nearly twenty-five years ch we heve had with the newspaper press of this country. 4 Oa Wednesday night, at half past ten o’clock, when the government express, with the President’s Me re, arrived at the Post office here, it was dis- covered tha! not a single copy was found inthe bundle lressed tothe New York Herald. In such an emer sncy What was to be done? Col. Graham, the naster here, promptly and courteously, furnish- ed us with his own copy, from which we set up for the Herald and the numerous orders we had, receiv- edferextras. Itis singular, too, that‘almost every other newspaper iit this city, had copies sent them from the Madisonian office, and the penny Sun and Union, conducted by Noah and Beach, oyster-men and financiers, had a whole bundle. The Madisonian isthe Administration organ at Washingtoa—and if any newspaper throughout the land has been more fair and liberal towards its men and measures than the New York Herald,we should like to know it. Under no former administration, was ever so mean a trick attempted. When Francis sand Seaton were the contidential organs, No men were ever more prompt and liberal in furnishing their exchanges with copies of annual or special messages. What makes it worse in the ease of the Madisonian affair, is the fact, that ever since we have exchanged with them,we have never failed to forward slips and extras with all kinds of news, in advance sometimes of other papers—and yet the very first chance they get, they treat us in this way. It isa miserable and a coatemptible trick at best —but it smacks so much of the cligue called the “penny pres composed of the New York Sun, Boston Times, Philadelphia Ledger, and Baltimore Sun, that we believe it was a concerted thing in which Joha Jones, chief fool of the Madisonan, heartily joined. The truth will be out, the decline and fall of the “penoy press” has begun in all our large cities, and ts managers, consisting of Noah and Beach here, Swain in Puiladelphia, aad Roberts in Boston, have 1 desperate eflort to procure a monopely of \¢ printing and patronage of the General Govern- ', just to eke ont their existence. The Sun for this cily has long since lost half its circulation, as seen by the certificate of its paper maker, and now 1 hes lost halt of its advertisements, as may be seen by inspecting its columns. Every day the Sun has from forty to sixty dead adverttsements to fill up ils empty sheet. Hence its avidity for a monopoly of government printing and patronage. In fact the penny press never had the element pf durability, in- fluence or power. Tous» a homely phrase—“they gave too much tripe fora shilling.” With a heet of halt the size, sold for a penny, the system might succeed, but from folly and mismanagement, xpanded their dimensions, to that point, which made their success depend on advertisements. When arevnlsion comes—and business becomes slack— the edvertisements of business men become cur- tailed, and then the penny press “ falls like Lucifer never to rise again.” Such is the position of the penny press now—and to prolong a crazy existence, are the intrigues to impose on the President and that exquisite fool. John Jones, of the Madisonian. We never dreamed that John would have been such an ass asto attempt such a thing withthe Herald. He ought to have recollected that when, in Roman history, his vene- rable ancestor with long ears, kicked the lion, the Jatter gentleman was sick and at the point of death. We ere alive lion, and it is dangerous for any long- eared animal to protrude his posteriors towards us in a hostile manner. Povrrics in Sour Caroutna.—Me. Preston has resigned his seat in the U. 8, Senate, and Mr. Cal- houn talks of doing the same. P. Blair, or G made wil! by Sevator From Gaoraia.—Mr. Coilqnitt has been eleeted to the U.S. Senate from Georgia. Important Movements looking towards the next Presidency~Election of the Repub- Mean Gencral Committee of Tammany Hall, for 1843—Beginning of the War be- tween the Old Democracy and Young De- mocracy, On Saturday evening next, a very important pre- liminary movement will be made by the representa- tives of the democracy of this city, on the issue of which will hang the fate of the next presidency— the chances of General Cass, Van Buren, Tyler and Calhoun—the continuance in office of the present Cabinet—and also of the Collectors and Post- masters of New York and other citiesin the Union. We allude to the election, in all the wards, of dele- , Bates to fill the office of Republican General Committee in Tammany Hall, which is the stand- ing organ of the democracy of New York, for 1843; and in gonsequence possesses an influence on public affairs that none other can attain. People may think that in this there may be seme exaggeration. Let us give a sample of sober real- ity, and then judge. In December, 1837, a new Republican General Committee was selected in the several wards as usual. In January, 1838, this committee had actu- ally a majority in favor of declaring in favor of Henry Clay for the next Prendency. We believe that James N. Wells was chairman, Edward San- ford, Secretary,and Col. Graham,(now Postmaster) George D. Strong, and a whole grist of conserva- tives on the committee, forming a majority of the whole. This majority had agreed to come out for Henry Clay, and to announce his name from the very temple of “old Tammany.” Some of the frien¢s of Mr. Van Buren got intelligence of the fact, justin ume to check it in the bud. The coun- cil of Sachems was brought from their prison-house —who are a sort of a slumbering night-dog, to bark in times of danger. By a clause in the lease of Tammany Hall, this council possesses the power, when any serious divisions take place in committees, to decide which fragment is the real Simon Pure. On this particular occasion, Wells, Santord, Graham, Strong, and a majority of the committee were ready to come out for Clay—to de- nounce Van Buren and the sub-treasury ; and but for the interference of the council of Sachems it would have been done. These old feliows put a veto on the keeper of Tammany Hall, and the friends of Clay were turned out into tke Park, where it is well known they organized themselves, adopted the name of ‘‘ Conservatives,” and commenced that movement which ended, in 1840, in the total over- thrown of Mr. Van Buren. From this simple history, it will be seen what a mighty influence was produced by this move- ment in the Republican General Committee of Tammany Hall, even while they were thrust out in- to the streets, and turned adrift from the party as a broken fragment. Had they succeeded in issuing the name of Henry Clay from old Tammany, he would have been nominated and elected President— but when they were driven out of the Hall, they dropped his name as a matter of precaution and pru- dence, and only continued the movement against Van Buren. The position and prospects of the democratic par- ty are in a more interesting condition now than then, and the influence which the Republican General Committee will possess, can be easily appreciated. On Saturday night, this week, the present Com- mittee meets together, to order a new election, which will take place on the 20th or 22d of this month. <The election will be held on the evening of the day designated at the usual places in the se- veral wards, where the democrats hold their assem- blages at elections. Three persozs from each ward are elected by the ballots of those democrats who attend—making in all fifty-one members. We have no doubt this election will be warmly contested. ‘I'he committee to be chosen, may have the control of the whole patronage of the Post Of- fice and Custom House in this city. We have seen a few members of the present committee wielding an influence over the mind of the President, suffi- cient to prevent the removal of Mr. Curtis, when it had been decided at Washington to remove him.— The new committee will have greater influence, be- cause it will come fresh with its steam power from the people, covering also the length of a whole year, which is most important 1n all political move- ments. The fate also of Mr. Van Buren, Mr. Calhoun, General Cass, John Tyler, and others will be in the hands of this committee. [If the friends of all the other candidates unite at the coming election against Mr. Van Buren, and obtain a majority in the committee against his nomination, his fate is sealed. As the matter now stands, the question is open—the “‘old democracy,” alias ‘‘old rogues,” or “ old hunkers,” will be openly met by the enthusi- astic “young democracy.” Mr. Van Buren being an old democrat, is the faverite of the “old rogues” —while General Cass, and John C. Calhoun, are the favorites of the “ young rogues,” or “ young democracy.” As to Captain Tyler, he seems to be asort of a hermaphrodite, or rather like Doctor Franklin’s roast goose, with a knife and fork stuck in its fat buttocks, crying ‘come eat me”—‘‘come eat me”—“ will no party come eat me?” Nevrotocy.—Such is the title assumed for the “science” with which a philosopher tromKentucky, named Buchanan, has been amusing some of the literati in this city. Mr. Bryant and about a dozen others, have, it seems, taken the matter in hand, and having very gravely, and with all the formality becoming such important investigations, examined Dr. Buchanan’s system, they came out with an elaborate report of the experiments instituted by them in order to test its truth and merits. By means of his knowledge of the nature and applications of “*neuraura,” or “the agent by which ene individu- al makes a physiological impression upon another, when in contact,” Dr. Buchanan modestly asserts that he has been enabled to construct a system which must ultimately take precedence of all other methods of diagnosis and examination, either for character, for disease, or for the establishment of scientific principles. The term “neurology” is in fact but another name for the animal magnetism of the museums and itinerant show-men. Eneuish Tutatricars.—Mrs. Fitzwilliam and Buckstone are now playing at the Haymarket. The “Belle of the Hotel” so successtul here, has been very wellreceived. The “Tempest” has been pro- duced at Covent Garden in a style of surpassing grandeur. The scenery is deacribed as being most magnificent. Miss Rainforth, as Ariel, was emi- nently successful. The ‘‘Duenna,” which is rather a delightful little comedy,interspersed with ballads, than an opera, was well received at Drury Lane. Ma’me Vestris had quarrelled with Macready because he had assigned her the part of Venus in the pageant in Dryden’s “King Arthur,” which was to be pro- duced at this house. Vestris considered the part “offensively inferior,” and her name and that of C. Mathews had been withdrawn from the bills. Browne had been very warmly welcomed back by the Liverpool people. He made his first appearance after his retarn at the Royal Theatre in the charac- ter of Rover. Theatricals appear to be reviving somewhat in England. Nationan Instrrvre.—General Tornel, the war minister of Mexico, has sent to the National Insti- tute at Washington, three boxes containing mine- rals and beautiful crystalizations from Guanajuato. CuatHam Twratre.—A very attractive bill is offered this evening. The farces of Deaf as a Post, and But However, together with the successfu! dramas of Rinaldo Rinaldini, and the Mariner's Dream, all excellent pieces and exceedingly well cast, must draw a crowded house. The high en- comiums bestowed upon Mr. Thorne for his uni- formly able and liberal management of the affairs of the Chatham, are fully appreciated by that gen- leman, who spares neither pains nor expense to receive and maintain the approval of his numerous patrons. Mopren Improvements IN THE SemeNce or Mo- RALS, AND THER Errecrs.—It is not only in mecha- nical philosophy and the arts, that the march of mo- dern improvement is visible. In all the relations of social life a great many new principles may be seen at work. Many troublesome and old fashioned doc- trines in morality have been decently buried for- ever. New and convenient articles of belief have been substituted for the old, obsolete creed, and are getting rapidly into practice. Valuable discoveries, for instance, have been made relative to the pay- ment of debts—the fulfilment of obligations—the observance of domestic duties—the punishment of crime—and so on. The world is assuredly growing wiser every day. It is a most curious and instructive study to trace the operation of the loose and erroneous systems of morality which have been of late promulgated so industriously, and through so many different chan- nels, in this country. The whole tendency of the majority of the popular lectures, the teachings of a vast number of the clergy, and the sage philosophy of several of our magazines, has been to obliterate the old distinctions between right and wrong—to foster selfishness and vanity—and to substitute a cold, sceptical, unsettled spirit of infidelity, for an animating and confiding faith in the truth, and un- bending adherence to moral rectitude. High-sound- ing harangues on the dignity of human nature from the pulpit—sceptical lectures on geology, antiqui- ties, physiology, phrenology, and the philosephy of the human mind—the transcendentalism of Brown- son and others of the same stamp, and the exten- sive circulation of licentious light literature—have produced the most remarkable and appropnate ef- fects on the character, principles, and conduct of what are called the educated and upper classes. If we justly estimate crime according to its moral turpitude, and the character of the culprits, we must come to the conclusicn that by far the largest pro- portion of offences against the laws of morality, and the good order of society, have been of late years, committed by-the intelligent, educated, and “mo- ral” classes, What are the petty thefts of the poor and ignorant, contrasted with the defaleations and robberies of intellectual, church-going bankers and merchants? And even in the records of gresser and more revolting crimes, murders, adulteries, attempts at assassination and go on, do not the higher classes figure more conspicuously than those who are re- garded as the lowand vulgar? Why, the man must be stone-blind who cannot see that some wide- spread, demoralizing influence must be at work in such a state ofsociety. And the fact that such an influence can so successfully set at nought all the counteracting agency of education, and the refine- ments of civilization, is proof enough, surely, that it it has taken deep root amongst us. Not only in the alarming prevalence of the worst crimes amonget the rich and influential portion of so- ciety, but in the manner in which these crimes are regarded and punished, are the extent and supremacy of this laxity of moral feeling and principle apparent. It would seem that to earn immunity from punishment, an offender has merely to commit a crime of sufficiently magnificent enor- mity. The ragamuffin who vegetates at the Five Points and steals a loaf of bread, or picks a pocket, is visited with summary and severe chastisement ; but the well-dressed rogue, who lives up town and rents a well-cushioned pew in a fashionable church, and who steals a quarter of a million, is only under the necessity ef making the tour of Europe. The miserable daughter of frailty who flees from the scorn of her virtuous sisterhood, to some wretched den, is seized and sent to rot ina filthy cell ; but the fashionable harlot who struts Broadway, attends the fashionable lectures at the Taberaacle, and sends Bibles to the poor heathen, is universally al- lowed to be the ornament of the refined society in which she moves. The uneducated wretch who kills his fellow man in a drunken fray, is at once convicted and executed ;* but the respectable mur- derer is the object of general sympathy and in most instances is allowed to escape. There must be something sadly wrong in such a state of society. In factthe whole moral sense ot a vast portion of the community has been perverted. False and ruinous notions of honor, justice and mo- rality, prevail toan alarming extent. The minds of youth are poisoned by a talse philosophy, which affects great liberality and benevolence, and which is well calculated to deceive and lead cap- tive the inexpenenced and enthusiastic. All who possess any philanthropy, should endeavor to stem this torrent of immorality, error, and vice. Let a more sound and substantial moral and literary in- struction be substituted for the present showy and specious system of education—let works of unequi- vocal value be circulated, instead of the trashy and licentious ‘ novels—let the elevating, strengthen- ing, and restraining influence of parental authority and discipline, be more faithfully employed—last, but not least important, let those itinerating teach- ers, who are corrupting the crowds who flock to the fashionable lecture-room, be carefully watched, and their specious errors exposed. Tuankseivinc Day.—Yesterday was an interest- ing and memorable day. 1twent hard with turkeys, ducks and chickens ; but they fell in a good cause, and their memory will be thankfully cherished. The doors of our churches were generally thrown open tothe devout and thankful; and while the hearts of the people went forth in gratitude for the abundance of the good'things we enjoy,the windows of heaven seemed also to be opened. The rain fell in torrents during the day, but its influence was cleansing and ;urifying. And we have reason to believe that the mercies of heaven were equally pu- rifying and salubrious. An unusual number of gen- tlemen were seen at church who have recently re- ceived appointments from the corporation. We heard one of them remark, with great peace and serenity of mind, that he felt that “‘all his sins were now washed away.” A person of the opposite party replied, that he was never before so fully convinced of the boundlessness of heaven’s mercies, and that hereafter he should look upon no ease as hopeless. We therefore recommend all parties to take this op- portunity to make a clean breast of it. Navat.—The United States steamer Poinsett, Lieut. Com’g. McBlair, arrived at Norfolk on Fri- day nightlast, from New York. NorrHern Pargrs.—Po:neroy & Co, who run their express over the Housatonic railroad in thirteen hours from Albany, has given us papers from that city of Wednesday morning. Eaatern Parers.—Yesterday morning at8 o’clock Adams & Co. left Boston papers in our office. ne City Intelligence, Pottcr.—The Proclamation of the Governor to the citi- zens ot New York, was so universally attended to yester- day, thut nothing transpired before the police offices wor thy of notice, ues as well as citizen laid low for the time being. The Amphitheatre has completely put to route every thing like competition in the Bowery. It is now the only place of public amusement open in that neighborhood, and the only one anywhere that the public feels disposed to patronise at respectable prices. The Amphitheatre is adorned every evening with all the taste, all the respecta- bility, and all the fashion of thie great metropolis. Rufus Welch has effected the same revolution in Philadelphia. Tur Wonpenrci Dwanr at the American Museum is the most astonishing little fellow that ever has been seen inthe world. Just conceive of a finely formed symetri- caland well proportioned young man eleven years of age weighing only fifteen pounds! and the size of an ordina- ry infant three months old. Such précisely is General Tom Thumb, Junior. He is lively and fullof fun, swings his cane with great nonchalance, talks of his unpleasant trip across the Atlantic in the steamship, and withal is quitea comic young gentleman. He will remain at the Museum the rest of the week, and no person should fail to pay him a visit. Winchell performs this week for the last time, and plays his laughable piece of Old and Young Nick, Booth, Miss Hood, La Petite Celeste, the Gipsy Girl and others areca gaged. ‘Washington. {Correspondence of the Herald.) Wasuineton, Wednesday, i Dee. 7th, 1842, 3 P.M. Congress convened this morning, and both Houses are at length under way, the Senate having ob- tained a quorum through the arrival of Mr. Berrien, of Ga., who came to town last evening. The Mes- sage of the Prosident was received about an hour since. It isa dull prosy mixed up affair, contains a great deal of good sense, but which is unfortunately blended with such a vast dea! of humbug and specu- lation that itseffect isdestroyed. It is in effect a singular affair, and wants that strength which a State paper of so much importance should always possess. The differences in the Cabinet are visi- ble en its surface, and shows to what shifts the Pre- sident must be put in carrying on the Government It makes a hit at the tariff and protection per s¢ to please Mr. Tyler and the south, but with a saving clause in favor of incidentals to suit Messrs. Web- ster and Forward, so that it is on this point any thing that you please. The Exchequer is stilladhered to, the President going the whole figure for it, the Exchange feature and all, but in such a “lame and unfashionable” manner that one would su the parent was be- ginning to grow distrustful of his offspring; it is re- commended in so cold and formal a way. The fault is rather in the style than the matter, how- ever; as the benefits to be derived from an issue of fifteen millions of paper money by the Government are pointed out with much apparent earnestness in the fe asa mode of supplying, not only the people with an abundance of paper blessings, but of recruiting the Government also. ‘ Atthe close of it there is a recommendation in favor of Peeing (6 General Jackson the fine im- posed by Judge Hale at New Orleans, which gave rise to a general laugh in the House, as the mo- tives of the President in making such a recom- mendation at tal Lh appeared suspicious, but vive lahumbug. Mr. Adams had his resolution for rescinding the 21st rule up again this morning, the House having refused yesterday to entertain the previous question. Under the rules when a ques- tion is disposed of in this way it is laid overto the next day, and is then again taken up to be further postponed, should the House still refuse to entertain the question. This was the Speaker's decision this morning, and it was sustained by the House on a point of order raised by Mr. Wise. To dispese of the matter, therefore, the farce of yesterday was eracted over again. An ineffectual attempt was made to lay the matter on the table, and when this had failed, the previous question was _moved which also failed, so that the resolution will, as a matter of gourse, lie over until to-morrow, when it will be again brought up. The We of this movement is to stave off as long 18 possible the final vote on the resolution, so as to allow those members that are still absent to arrive, when there will be “ lots of fun” on this question. Some of the northern democrats are disposed [ fear to vote for reszinding the 2Ist rule on account of some little jealousies sxming between them and the southern delegations,so that I should not be surprised if find the abolitionists succeeding at length in their efforts. _ The message ms rise to considerale amusement in the House. The Calhoun men looked blue, the whigs green, and the Van Buren men as merry as you please. They consider this message, in fact, as tthing the Captain’s claims and opening a clear path for ‘* Mattie” to the Presidency. Larest prom Texas.—Advices from Galveston to the 26th ultimo, have been received at New Or- leans:— Captain Elliott, the British Consul, had passed through Houston, on his way to the seat of govern- ment. i Tt was believed that a quorum of the two houses of Congress would be formed by the 26th inst. About three weeks ago, N. B. Garner was shot dead in astreet of St, Angustine by Generaj Hen- derson. Garner had for several days threatened to kill General H. and had carried a gun for that pur- pose. A furious “ norther” swept ever Texas about the middle of the month. It was the first of the sea- son; ice formed, and woollen garments were ne- cessaty to comfort. _ The Hoaston Morning Star of the 24th, has the latest accounts from the army. A gentleman had arrivea from the camp near Bexar, which he left ab+ut ten days previous, and who reported news of rather a discouraging character. He said the draft ed troops are quite wearied out with the long delay, and are anxious to return home. Gen Somervell had taken command, and the army had been or ganized into two regiments; but no order had been given for them to make preparations for the march, and it was the general impression among the troops thas Gen. Somervell further ord Gen. Houston. “Itthis inthe case, we shal give up all hope that the expedition will be carried on. ‘The “ northers” have now set in, and as ma- ny of the troops are ill furnished with winter cloth- ing, they will be unwilling to commence the march across the bleak prairies between Bexar and the Rio Grande. It they had marched one or two weeks earlier, they could have been crossed with ease ; and when oace the troops had reached the towns on the Rio Grande, they would have found com- fortable quarters. Whatever may have been the ar- dor,we tear it isnow almost completely extinguish- ed, and we shall not be surprised to hear that they have concluded to relinquish the expedition and re- turn totheir homes. e We understand that little parties of five or six are leaving camp, and wending their way eastward and these may soon be followed by parties of twenty or thirty, and finally whole companies will follow.— There is, however, some hope. There is a plenti- ful_supply of beef and corn in camp, and none are suffering for food. Many of the volunteers declare that they will go on, even if all the drafted men re- turn. The brave Cameron and his gallant company we understand are willing to march to the Rio Grande, even if only one hundred men should fol- low. If the General in command, however, 1 dis- posed to delay the expedition, we fear they will be detained like noble coursers fretting in the bridle unul all their arder abates, and disgust succeeding hope and joyous anticipation, they will retire dis- couraged and disheartened from the service that seems hitherto to have yielded nothing but dishonor and shame. The most costly, magnificent, rich, splendid, superb, elegant, gorgeous and grand, (in fact we might exhaust the dictionary and stiil the expressions prove inadequate,) affairs that we have ever beheld, are the dresses worn by Queen Victoria and the Duchess of Kent, on the daysofher majesty’s coronation anf marriage. We are not capable of expatiating on their merits, they must be seen to be pro- perly appreciated. In addition to which, Signor Blitz, Miss Clemence, the danseuse ; Mr. Delarue, the mimic ; mermaid, museum, picture gallery, and performances, allto be seen forone shilling. Strangers and country people should avail themselves-of the present opportunity. Such a chance may never occur again. &j IMPORTANT ANNOUNCEMENT.—The C lege of Medicine and Pharmacy, established for the Su pression of Quackery, beg to inform all persons desirous of obtaining m: advice, that on remitting the sum of one dollar, with a statement of their case, they will be supplied with one dollar's worth of appropriate medicine, and a letter of advice containing full directions as to diet, regimen, &c. All letters must be paid. Address Principal ottice ofthe College of Medicine and Pharmacy, 97 Nawsou street, N. Y. The Comsutixe Prvsicran is daily in attendance atthe private consulting rooms of the college. Hours from 10 ci2 o'clock Screican Casi The Cou.kar have also engaged the services of one of the most distinguished opera- tive Surgeons in New York, and are therefore pre- pared to receive and treat surgical cases. Squinting, ca taract, and all diseases of the eye Felting, an operation, stricture of the urethra,—calouli in the bladder,—club- ‘oot,—diseases of the joints, and of the spine, will ‘be par- ticularly attended to. The fees will be extremely mode vate. Patients who so desire will be visited at their own houses after operation. “By oraer of the College, i W. 8. RIC! SON, Agent. Principal (and only) office of the College of Medicine and Pharmacy, 97 Nassau st. New York, bakery ited HOSE REMEDIES THAT CURE. —We should be careful that all medicines which we take apply to our diseare. If you have acold the best remedy to be applied for a certain and speedy cure isto be found in Peters’ Cough Lozenges. If you are troubled with « headache, try his Cordial Lozenges,which leave the head clear and without pain. If you area man of a family, and your children complain, récollect that his Worm Lozen- ges will destroy the worms that may be in their bodies, and relieve them from death, Peters’ Lozenges for the cure of various diseases are now well known tothe whole commanity, and their sale is constantly on the increase throughoutthe whole Union, Remember and ask for Pe- ters’ Lozenges, and see that they are genuine. Principal office 125 Fulton, corner of Nassau street. PROFESSOR VELPEAU’S GONORRHEA CILLS.—These celebrated Pills, which have gained the greatest ‘ity in Europe, are now for the first tims ol- in this country, by authority of the College of Medicine and Pharmacy of the city of New York, have obtained the original recipe from the di Professor, who is the principal Surgeon to the Hospital of ta Charite in Paris. The following is the manner in which Velpean speaks of those truly invaluable Pills :— “ Three doses are generally sufficient to effect acure. In some cases the discharge is arrested alter the second day. itis impossible to deny that those remedies exercise a cer. tain influence on the urinary Vide Velpeau’s Lectures. The College recommend with the utmost con- fidence this new remedy for a disease which 80 often baf- ‘leg even the educated physician, and is uniformly mal- treated by advertising qaacks, The reputation of Vel. peau itself is staked in these pills. The college fearlessly invite atrial of their sstoniahing, teen Sold in boxes containing one hundred pills, Price one dollar. . 8. RICHARDSON, Agent. Principal Office of the College 97 Nassau st. ess BY THE SOUTHERN MAIL, | SS POSTMASTER GENERAL REPORT. Poot Orrice Derantment, December 34, 1842. To the President of the United States :— Sin :—In presenting to your consideration a report of the condition and operations of the Post Ottice Depsrtme: for the year preceding the 30th June, 1842, it affords pleasure to say, its condition has been’ improved, and the service has been attended with more than ordinary suc- cess, whether considered in reference to the management of its fivancial concerns, or the regularity and extent of its operations. f . A public service, which requires the agency of 13,733 postmasters and ir clerks, 2,343 contractors and their agents; covering, during the year, 34,835,991 miles of ansportation, and extending almost to the door of every citizen, must encounter difficulties, and be subjected to oceasional irregularities, not only from the neglect of some of its numerous ogents, but from physice] causes, not in the pewer of this Department to overcome. When the vast machinery of the General Post Office, the minuteness of its details, and the character of the ma- jority of the roads over which the mail is transported, are ‘contemplated, there should be more of astonishment at the general regularity of the service than of surprise and fliscontent st occasional failures. Absolute certeinty and unbroken regularity in the arrival and departure of the mails, stall times, cannot, and ought not to be, ex- pected. And it is with pleasure I bear testimony, on’ this occasion, to the general zeal and fidelity of those ‘employ- ed in this braneh of the public service. ‘The whole amount of mail transportation for the year endiog June 30th, 1941, was 34,996,525 miles, at a contract cost of $3,159,375. The waole amount of transportation for the year ending June 0th, 1842, was $34,935,991 miles, at a contract cost of $3,087,796. Th ount of expenditure of the Department, for the year ending June, 1842, Was estimated, in my report of December last, at $4,490,000. The revenue to be derived from postage, &c. in the same report, was estimated at $4,- 330,000. The amount estimated for the expenditure did not include the sums due by the Department prior to the 3ist March, 1841. Thus exhibiting a probable liability of $110,000, beyond its estimated current receipts of that ear. bs To bring the expenditures within the income of the De- artment was a duty demanded at my hands by a regard Bor the otesrrauoe of ihe principle upon which I desire to conduct the administration of the General Post Office, viz: that, whive the Department should not be regarded as a source of revenue to the Government, it must not become an anoual charge upon the public treasury. To effect this object, great labor and minute attention have been bestowed by all concerned. A revision of post-roads and post offices, necessary to a reduction of unprofitable routes, ayd the discontinuance of unproductive and useless post offices, and the substitu. tion of others at more important points, better suited to the public wants ; the institutien of a system forthe pre- servation and safety of the public property, and the reduc- tion of useless expenditores, was a task requiring no ordi- nary portion of labor and time, and its performance could not fail often to subject the head of the Department to cen. sure and criticism from those who did not feel the necessi- ty of themeasures adopted. The effect has been salutary to the public service, as well in reference to its income as to its usefulness and cost. I refer you to the reperts of the First and Third Assistant Postmasters Gener- al, which will give more in detail the effect which has been produced by the measures adopted. Useless and unproductive routes have been discontinu- ed; whilst others, more convenient, less expensive and more productive have been substituted. In many in ces. where the nature and size of the mail did not demand. the higher grade of service the less expensive modes of transportation have been employed. may be more satislactorily illustrated by a reference to the service in the Northwestern and Southwestern Districts, compt ing the States of Michigan, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri. Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Arkansas, and Louisiana, and the Territories of Wisconsin and Iowa, prior to the Ist July, 1842, and the service under the re- cent lettings, The whole number of miles of mail ser- vice in these districts annually was 11,006,965, costing an- ually the sum of $1,102,045 prior to the 1st July last. ‘The recent contracts require the transportation of the mail, in each year, 11,424,123 mile: acost of $957,763—thus ey, ing, in fact, 413,263 miles more ot service for $144,277 less expense. And ido not hazard much when | assert that this saving hasbeen made while the service itself has been, in the aggregate, greatly improved. ‘The heretofore heavy diture of mail bags and locks has been greatly redwted. Entertaining the opinion that by a proper system of preservation, and a just respon. sibility imposed upon publig agents, the number of mail bags on hand was equal tothe wattsof the service,-and would be sufficient to meet the demauds for several years, Thave, ia effect, ordered their cture to cease. By the report of the Third Assistant, it will be seen that the expenditure for mail bags was, in the year 1937, 56,702 23 To 1338, * * . : : + 38,737 36 In 1839, - * . ¢ + 36,053 46 Ta 1840, 85,337 23 From Ist April, 1941, np to 1st April, 1882, the. amouat expended was but $13,566 50. Frotn Ist April, 1842, to lst October, 1842 six months — $7,640 69. A large proportiou of which was the mail bags manulactured prior to 1841. It is importaut, in every branch of the public service, to impress upon tho.ein the enyployment the necessity of taking care of, and preserving the public property. This is best done by the adoption of an appropriate system and holding to ajust responsibility those charged with sanleiatratirs duties; and, when they prove themselves faithless or negligent, to appoint others . the good effects shia Fule are strictly ted, not only im the item of ex| just enumerated, but the: manifested throughout the results of the entire year’s service. It will be seen, by reference to my report of December last, that the amount received from postage on letters and newspapers, and fines, for the year commencing Ist Suly, 1840, and ending 30th June, 1841, was stated to be $4,379, 317 73. The amount arising from the same sources for the year ending 30th June, 1842, is $4,545,246 13. ‘Thus showing an increase of the revenue of the Department, of $166, 928 35, over the revenue of the preceding year. This increase hes not been the result of an increase of mail matter, | am persuaded, but hos arisen from a more systematic and vigilant execution of the law. The gross expenditures of the Department for the year, ending 30th June, 1942, s0 far as they have been audited and are $4,627,716 62—exceeding the amount derived from postage, during the same year, $81,470 49. It will be remembered that by the act approved the 9th September, 1841, there was appropriated, “to ensble the Post Ottice Department to meet its engagements and pay its debts,” the sum of $432,657. Of this sum, there has been expended, during the last fiscal year, the sum of $392,664 51, in satistaction of de- mands against the Department, prior to the month of April, 1841. Thereport of the Chief Clerk upon this subject, rea will exhibit more in detail the application of this nd. ‘There remained unexpended of this appropriation on 30th June, 1842, $89,992 49, to meet such other demands as may be established to be due prior to 31st March, 1841. ‘This sum of $392,664 51 constitutes no part of the $4,- 616,245 13, given above as the revenue for the last year derivable from postage andfines. It does, however, con- stitute part of the $4,627,746 62, the gross expenditures for that year, and, it deducted, will show the gross ex- miiture, for ordinary current service, to be $4,235,- 52 11 ‘This would present an apparent balance, for an excess of revenue, over expenditure of $311,194 02. Asit is highly probable that there are yet claims unsa- tisfied, not having been presented for payment, and claims which were due prior to that time, and whieh, if presen- ted, would have audited and paid within the year, and which have been paid since 30th June, 1842, and con- sequently will be charged in the ex: itures for the cur- rent year, it is not intended to convey the idea that this $311,194 02 is a surplus on hand, bnt it ia a fact from which Tam authorized to state that the income of the Depart- ment has been equal to its current expenditures during the year ending in June, 1842 ; and it induces me to ho} that, unless the burdens of the service shall be too greatly augmented by the additional rates created by the act of the last session of Congress, the Department will, in fu- ture, be enabled to sustain itself I cannot anticipate, however, any great extension of the service, beyond its present limits and amount, unless Congress shall, in some mode, relieve the Department from the heavy annual de- mau.ds made upon its imcome by railroad transportation, and protect it by appropriate legislation, against the in: roads upon it by private expresses and rival mail establish- ment Itjaffords me great satisfaction to report to your Excel- lenéy, that every legal demand by the contractors, pro- perly vouched, upon the Department, for services render- ed since [have had the honor of superintending its ope- rations, has been promptly paid. Justice to contractors requires that, as soon as they have performed the service, they should be paid. To eauble the Department to do this, punctuality on the part of post- masters in the payment of the balances due from them at the end of each quarter, is all important. In every instance where there has heen a failureon the ‘asters to meet the drafts of the General fond) of such Citice, I have felt it a duty not to be omitted to relieve such from the burden of official duty, The Row lates st the existence of this rule has banished defalcation the Department. It is a fact worthy of notice, that oat the aggre ate amount received from during Lpced as been greater by the pine tated, the the large offices, for 1842, have been less than in The ate increase has been at the medium and oes ‘This is accounted for by the fact that the means of the intercommunication betwonn the ‘commercial points have been such as to invite and eee fractions and violations of the laws of Congress regulat- "Fok oceasion te invite your attention to this subject in my report of last year, oder the bo that some legisla sion, in aid of the Jaws, would take place, to ena- ble the D more effectually to protect itself It is made the exclusive'daty of the General Govern- ment to establish post offices and post roads. ‘Ihe State Governments have no rightto interfere with the subject ; neither hes any individual, or company of individuals a Ee meth of the railroads in the United States,over which the mail is transported at an immense expense, there are to be found individuals engaged in the transpor- tation of mail matter, in violation of the laws of the land —laws which prohibit the offence, but do not punish it by adequate sanctions. A modification of the laws regulating the franks ye vilege is essential to the con‘inned prosperity of the De- ment. ‘The original grant of this privilege was de- oe Tepes tocnable the public officerto discharge his official duties without buraen upon his private means. itis now generally esteemed more asa private and indivi- Jual right, than an official privilege. If persons entitled ‘o this privilege were content to enjoy it themselves, with- out lending their franks to others, the burthen and loss to the Department would not be so great, ani there would be Jess cause of justcomplaint sby the public. Althongh the act of 1826 expressly declares that “if any person shall frank any letter or letters, other than those written by himself, or by his order, onthe business of his office, he shall, on ‘conviction thereof, pay a fine ten dollars, and it shall be the especial duty of postm to prosecute for said offence.” penalty this law has not been sufficient to prevent the too frequent violation of its IfCongress restrain, this rig upon him who uses the frank of another, as is imposed upon the person who abuses his privilege, would tend greatly to lessen the evil. The whele number of free letters sent through the post- office anaually, so far as thereturns of postmasters exhi- bit, is about three milli rate of each let- thon- ons Assuming fifteen cents as the average ter, if charged with postage. four hundred and fifty sand dollars would be the amount received. Thus it will he seen that scarcely one ninth of all the matter which passes through the mail, passes free of postage. The less to the Department does not stop here. Two cents are paid to postmasters on each of these letters, constituti an annual charge upon the revenue of $60,000. An ev) of this magnitude, I trust, will not fail to arrest the atten- tion of Congress, who alone can apply the proper correc- It is wrong to burden the business and correspondence of the community with this heavy chasge, The pudlic voice hes called for a reduction of the rates ef peage upon letters ; and whilst I have felt its force, and am constrained to acknowledge its justice, I have heretofore bee: deterred from making any’ mendation upon this subject ; lest, by @ the only source of income might fail to meet o recom reduction, lemands De ent, I have no doubt a censidere- ble reduction in cae might be safely made, and the be- nefits and advantages of the Department extended to many portions of the country which are now, ina great mea- sure, destitute of mail accommodations. More es pecially could this be done, if Congress, by some perma nent arrangement with the railroid companies, would re- lieve the Department frem the immense, and constantly increasing amount annually paid those compasies for transporting the public mail. T ventured to recommend, in my former report to you, that coagres should then legislate upon this subject.— Nothing has oecurred since to cause me to doubt the cor- ractness of the opinions then expressed. On ‘he contra- , subsequent developments have strengthened the views then obtraded upon your consideration. Without the right in the D: ment to control the er- rival and departure of the mi ity and despatch cannot beexpectel, This is aright which the rail companies, in their periodical eontracts, will not yield willingly; and, when they do yield it, make it a ground to inerease their ‘demands apon the Department jor trans- parting the mail. For the service of railroad transporte. tion there never can be competition. Why then subjeet the Department to the nseless ceremony of a periodically for bids to carry the mail on railroads, quiring it to take the lowest bid, when there will be but one bid for the same route? Each letter hrs therefore been, and will hereatter be, but an invitation to the com- panies to increase the prices previously paid. It is in vain to disguise the fact that the United States are compelled to employ these roads as carriers of the mail. Justice and policy alike require of the Government to send the mail by the most tious means of convey- ance, and it cannot employ any of its own creation equal to the railroads. As a Government, it cannot, by tion, control those companies which have their existence by State enactments. The United States must therefore purchase the might, and the question presented is whether it is best to purchase this right every four years, or for the period of the charter of the road. It is more a question of ability at this time, on the part of the Government, than policy, in my humble opinion. ‘The plan which I pro was that Congress should authorise the Department to purchase this right; enter into the stipulations of a contract with the compan es, and report those contracts, as made, from time to time, to Con- gress, to be binding only when ratified by Congress. No- thing dangerons can arise from this treating with the companies. No enlargement of Executive power is asked. On the contrary it is proposed to subject Executive power directly to'the eontrolling influence of Congress. Asthe law now stands.the Department has the power to contract with these companies for four years, with a n>minal limi. tation as to the amount to be paid them per mile. Surely no danger can arise to public liberty or legislative au- thority, by authorising the Department to make a Wie sional permanent contract, subject to the approval of both Houses of Congress. The great question involved is, whether Congress should make these contracts, end pay the consideration cutof the resources of the Government, or whether the Department shall levy the amount by cot the pre- sent rates of postage upon letters, and in all time to come, devote so large a portion thereof to the payment for rail- roadtransportation,asto deny even the hope to the more distant anni favored pertions cf our country of any in- creased mail facilities? The cest of railroad - tion, for tne last year,stands at $432,663. The ahole wags. of mail road in the United States is 149,732 miles, ing 3,078,796. Of this length of mail road, only 3001 miles is railroad transportation, at a cost of $432,663. Only one forty-eighth part of the whole number of miles costing one seventh part of the gress sum. Irepeat the inquiry made on former occasion. Is it just that the whole burden of the public correspondence, now nearly equal to halfa million of dollars annually, should be sustained by a tax upon the dusiness and friend- ly correspondence of the community? If ment exacts from the citizen no more th expense of transporting his letters, he hai plain, but when an.additional sum is wanted to the expenses of transporting the correspondenceof the Government and iticers, that sum, like the tax for every other public service, should be drawn from the common resources of the country. Itis proposed that, in lieuof an annual drain from the Treasury to pay the postage upon the be correspon- dence, the United States now secure and pay for the petual right to transport the mails over railroads. Can this right be now secured upon fair and reasonable terms: is aquestion worthy’to be tested by feir experiment. “1am of opinion it can be secured most, if not all of important roads, upon: terms, and with amp! rane pelt { the business of this Department to speak ef it 18 no part of the business ent the effects which such contracts with the railroad compa- nies would produce upon public credit, both at home end abroad. The effects, whatever that nay be for |, are but incidental to the great object to be attained in refer- ence to the mail service of the United States. Entertaining these opinions Pe this subject, 1 pray youto allow me most respectfully to press them upon your consideration. Public opinion seemed so strong in favor of a reduction of postage upon letters, thet it conld be regarded in no other light than ademand upon those having the power over this subject. Ihave felt its influence, but have been unwilling to act unadvisedly in any recommendation I might make upon the subject. It.will be remembered that England recently reduced her rates of postage. The effect upon the revenue, and upon the amount ef mail mat ter, I was anxiousto know. For this, and other objects connected with the operations of this Department, | avail- ed myselfof the servicesof General Green, in November last, who was about to visit England and France u; pri. bor ~ gneey eri osc him ad pe javesti: ations and inquiries. ‘The result vestigations vee be seen by areference to his report to me, a copy of which accompanies this ‘This dissimilarity in the government of the two coun. tries, as well asthe difference in the extent of terntory, induce me to donbt whether the same system of mail ser- vice and rates of postage could be safely adopted in the ans tet te early developed by the report of ine fact, however, is clearly devel e General Green, that ce the seiacten of e in England, the number of letters mailed has greatly in- creased. J forbear to trouble yeu with any particular suggestions upon this subject, because it hae Lene duty devolved upon me by a resolutian of the Senate, to make to that body a specific report upon ap of the rates of postage, which ] purpose to do at as early a day as_ practicable. It will be seen, by reference to a part of the report of @ French Government is anxious to treaty with the United States for an interchange of mail service by the agency of packet and ips of the two Copenh lt th hjeat ‘init Yeu will remember, this sul was brought ye attention by the Minister of France during the las: session of Congress. It was submitted by you to Congress as one worthy of their consideration, end requ le- gislation, if, in the opinion of that body, such an arrange ment would prove Lekomag babe to the United States, Lhe Committee on For lations made a report !avor- able to the measure, the House of Representatives adopted the following resolution:— ‘hat the President bab po Sebees States be to cause to be prepared ani to Secretaries of the State and of the Nav; ment of the next Session of ng, ace ot blishment, in concert with the Aline of weekly steamers between the New York, tocether with estimates of se which may be required to carry the said plan into at? ‘That portion of Mr Green’s report, and the aecompany- ing doge mens are submitted under the belief that it may be serviceable to place before Congress the outlines of a plan contemplated by the French Government. iu month of Any last, [cause to be established aoe ee man Of eee Gy Despatch Port tr the city of New York, confined to the delivery, throngh the post of- fice of that city, of the dence within its limits. {am gratified to know. that its Srecations bighly satisfac to the community, giv! bn eh ip mediam of communication, the income of not only maintain the expenses of the establishment, but, in the course of time, promises a considerable addition to the revenue of the ee ia fetelted, inorder inet Xs datalsma} bm mos ge ie ol that ite more USelly Known ; nd, when understood, Ihave ttle deus that the other large cities of the Union will call for a si- milar establishment. Its usefulness has been fally tested in New York, by the saving ofa heavy ey ee money and time to the business community in their city correspondence. The amount of expenditure for the current fiseal year, he ent, nat ny by way for the service of tl ree ea of estimate, in round numbers, at $4,300, is estimato does not include the probable expense of the bed non Teo by Con: last perpen none of which have yet been put operation, \e pro. bable costs of these Toutes Ravine will be $130,000, ma- king the whole estimated ex pense of $4,520,000, Any estimate of the income from postage during the jo te year, must of course be altogether ural, oe upon the amounts received for the year ending in une, 1942. The amount received the quarter ending 30th Septem- ber last, is less than the amount of the quarter of 1841; and I therefore conclude the income the Department for the current yenr will fall considerably short of that for the year ending 30th June. It is, howev- er, my intention to put these routes in by the time Hy) the act. 4 as a} ie beac vested in the Department by the act, means will not be otherwise sa | to the additional expense, it will become my unpleasant duty to curtail the expense upon routes atready in existence hg ond to the costs of the new ones peremptorily ordered ongres#. "Thora cre oitise ‘ations of detail requiring, in my judgment, the legislation of Congress, which I forbear bear to obtrude upon your attention, but will seek the op- ‘ortunity to submit éo the Committees to whom the al fairs of this Department may be . Thave the honor to be, with great respect, lency’s obedient servant, C. A. WI Oc The Hon. Isaac Van Zanvr yesterday pre- sented his letter of credence to the Secretary of State, and was received as Chargé d’Aflaires of the Republic of Texas, ir Excel. KLIFFE.