The New Hampshire Gazette Newspaper, November 7, 1760, Page 2

Continuation of the Letter addrefled to Two GreaT Men, begun in No. 210 of this Paper: ‘OW it is with ‘the greatelt Pleafure, | would obferve, that N with Regard to North dmerica, we have nothing to afk, at the Peace, which we have not already made ourfelves Malters of, during the:War, We have been bleffed by Heaven, witha Succefs, in that Part of the World, fcarcely to be parallelled in Hiftory. The Rafthnefs of Braddock, the Inexperience of Shirley, the Ira&ivity of Loadoun, and the Tl fuccefs of Abercrombie, feem only to have been fo many neceflary Means of producing that Unanimity in our Colonies, that Spirit in our Troops,and that fteady Perfeverance in our Minifters, as hath not enly recovered from the Enemy all his Ufurpations; but Loeuifburg is an Englifb Harbour ; Quebec, the Capital of Canada, is already in our Poffeflion ; and the Reft of that Country will fall of Courfe. ~ It is a Profpect ftill more agreeable ; that by deftroying the Naval Force of France, our North American Conquefls cannot be retaken ; and the Principle | would now Jay down, and which I would recommend it to you to adopt, is mot 10 give up any of them. And I (hall .now endeavour to prove to you, that fuch a Demand may beinfitted upon, without giving the Ene- my any Pretence for acculing us of Infolence towards them ; and can- not be omitted without giving the Nation juft Reafon to complain, that we have confented to a freacherous and delufive Peace. It cannot, furely, ever enter the Imagination of a Brisifb Admi niftration, to make Peace, without, at leaft, keeping in our Poffef- fion, all thofe Places, where the Prenchhad fettled themfelves, in Vi- olation of former Treaties, and from which we have, fortunately, driven them. Upon this Plan, then, we fhall, at the Peace, be lefcin Poffeffion not only of the Peninfula of Aeadia, but of All Ne- wa Scotia, according to its old Limits 5 the Bay of Fundi, and the River St. Fobn.—The important Conquefts of Crown Point and Ni- agara, will not be relinquithed ; and Fors Du Quefne, and the Coua- try near the Obio, will remain Ours.—They are already Ours ; the French kaow they c#nnot get them back during the War, and they do not expet that we fhall give them up at the Peace. But though Care fhould be taken to keep all thofe Places juft mentioned ; fomething more muft be done, or our American Colonies will tell you you have done Nothing. lna Word, you muft keep Canada, otherwife you lay the Foundation of another War. The Neceflity of this may be placed in fo ftciking a View, as to filence the French Plenipotentiaries, and to convince all Europe, of the Fuftice of our Demand. v Afk the French, what Security they can give you, if we reftore Canada to them, however reftrained in its Boundaries, that they will not again begin to extend them at our Expence.? If the Treaty of Utrecht could not keep them from Encroachments, what Reafon can we have to fuppofe the futare Treaty will be better obferved ? If the French are leftat Montreal, and the three Rivers, can we be certain they will not again crofs the Champlain Lake, and attack Crown- Point ? 1f the River St. Lawrence be fill theirs, what is to infure us againft an Expedition to Niagara ? Can we flatter ourfelves, that a People, who in full Peace, erected thofe two Fortreffes, in direct Violation of their Faich plighted at Uirechs, will be reftrained, by any future Treaty, from attempting, alfo in full Peace, to recover them ? Afcer having feen the Freach carrying on a regular Plan of Ufurpation, in North America, for thefe Forty Years paft, fhall we be fo weak as to believe that they will now lay it afide? No, depend upon it, if the Freneb think it worth their while to afk back that Part of Nortb Ame- rica, which was their own, they mean to take a proper Opportunity, of Elbewing all our Colonies round about, and of refuming the fame ambitious Views of Enlargement, which the moft facred Ties of for- mer Treaties could not reitrain. . The Truth of the Matter is, they were tired of Canada. The In- clemency of the Climate, the difficult Accefs to it 3 and a Trade fcarcely defraying the Expence of the Colony, would long ago have induced them to abandon it, if the Plan of extending its Boundaries, at the Expence of the Englifb ; and of opening its Communication with Lowifiana and with the Ocean ; had not made them perferve,— Canada itfelf is not worth their afking ; and if they do defire to have it reftored to them, it can only be witha Viewto repeat the fame In- juriestnd Infidelities, to punifh which, we engaged in the prefent War. Udlefs, therefore, we be refolved, with eur Eyes open, to ex- pofe ourfelves to a Repetition of former Encroachments 3 unlefs we would choofe to be obliged to keep great Bodies of Troops in Ame- rica,in full Peace, at animmenfe Expence; we can never confent to Jeave the Frenchany Footing in Canada. 1f wedo not exclude them abfolutely and entirely from that Country 5 we fhall foon find we have done nothing. Let the Treaty be drawn ever fo accurately ; let the Boundaries between Canadaand our Colonies be defcribed ever fo pre- cifely, and regulated ever fo much in our Favour what has happen- ed already, ought to teach us what we may expet again ; the future Treaty will be obferved no better than the former have been ; Ufur- pation and Encroachment will gradually revive ; and thus fhall we have thrown away all our Succeffes ; fo many Millions will have been expended to no Purpofe ; and the Blood of fo many thoufands of our bravé Countrymen fpilt, only to remind us, that though we knew how to conquer, we knew not how to jmprove, perhaps, the i - only Opportunity ‘we fhall ever have, of putting it out of the Power - of France to violate its Faith. ~ Ltake it for granted thar, in the future Negociation, the 10and of Cape Breton will follow the Fate of Quebec 5 1 (hall only obferve with Regard to it, that though the Harbour and Fortifications of Louif- bourg be of infinite Service to France ; it can be of little or naUfe o England, if Canada be left tous. It is of Confequence to Frlnce, as a Retreat to their Ships fithing on the neighbouring Banks of New- foundland 5 and: as a Security to the Entrance of the Galph of §t. Lawrence. But the Poffcffion -of Newfoundiand itlelf makes Lodis- bourg of no Utility to the Englifp, in the former Refpeét 5 and Ha- lifax, where we have agood Harbour, .anfwers very nearly the lat- ter Purpofe, Upon this View therefore, may we not hope and €x- pe&, that, the Neceffity of garrifoning Louifbourg having ended with the Conqueft of Quebec, its Fate will be determined, without troab- ling the Fremch Plenipotentiaries ? Without waiting for a Congrefs..- let Otders be forthwith fent to-demolithit, fods ot to leave one Stone upon another, of the Fortifications ; to’' remove the Inhabitants to Nowa Scotia, a better Country 3 and to leave the Ifland, a bare and barren Rock ; the State it was in, before the Peace of Utrecht gave leave to Erance tofortify it. If the Right given to the Freach by the 13th Article of the fame Peace, to Fith in fome Parts of thofe Seas fhould be continued (and I could wifh to fee it continued, as the re- fufal of it would be rather unteafonable) let Cape Breton unfortified, and ungarrifoned be left open to them ; and a few Men of War kept at Halifax, will effectually prevent Louifbourg’s being agiin made a Place of Strength. 1f you adopt this Meafure, Ifhould be inclined ‘to think, France will fee that you know your true Interefts ; and that you-are refolved fteadily to purfue them. And.if they fhould make any Remon- _ ftrances againft it, tell them they may follow our Example, and demolifh, if they pleafe, the Fortifications of Mabon ; which we fee them poffefs with as great Indifference as we remember the Cireum- ftances of its Lofs, with Shame : Which as being of no Ute to them they will not defire to keep, and which, having been kept, by us, at an Expence, not counterbalanced by its Utility, we fhall not be very fanguine about recovering. Or, rather tell them, that in demo- lithing Louifbourg, before the Peace, we only copya former Exam- ple given us by themfelves, when theirTroops were employed in dif- mantling the Frontier Towns in Flanders, at the very Time that their Plenipotentiaries at /4ix la Chapelle were confenting to give them up. _ The Plan which I have had the Honour of fketching out to you befides being fo reafonable in itfelf, is perfe&tly agreeable fo that Mo- deration exprefled by his Majefty, in his Speech, of not baving en- tered into the War with Views of Ambition. The Poffeflion of Cana- da, isno View of Ambition ; it is the only Security the French can give us, for their future Regard to Treaties. We have made other Conquefts of great Importance, our Management of which will give us fufficient Means of fhewing our Moderation. -And tho® [ fhall not prefume to give any Opinion about the future Difpofal of them, I think, however, I may be allowed to hint, that * the Peoflfeffien of Guadaloupe ,”* an additional Sugar lfland, when -we have fo many of our own, ought not to beinfitted upon fo ftrenuoufly as to make it a neceffary Condition of the Peace. And though “Senegal and Go- ree”” are of real Importance in the Slave and Gum Trades, our own African Settlements have hitherto fupplied us with Slaves, fufficient for our American Purpofes : And the Trade for Gum is, perhaps, not of Confequence enough to make us Amends forthe annual Mor- tality, which we already lament, of our brave Countrymen, to guard our African Conquefls. The Péople of England, therefore, will not, I believe, blame the giving them back, for a valuable Confideration —provided Canada be lett to us. To confider this Affair in its proper Light, it will be neccfiary to refleé on the infinite Confequence of Nerth- America to thisCountry. Our Colonies there contain above a Mullion of Inhabitants, who are moitly fupplied with the Manufaures of Great- Britain ; our Trade to them, by employing innumerable Ships, 1s one great Source of our maritime Strength 3 by fupporting our Sugar Iflands with their e Provifions, and other Neceflaries, they pour in upon us all the Riches of the Wef Indies ; we carry their Rice, and Tobacco, and Fifh, to all the Markets of Europe 5 they produce Indigo, and Iron 3 and the whole Navy of Ergland may be equipped, with the Produtts of Englifp America. And if, notwithftanding our having loft feveral Branches of Commerce we formerly enjoyed in Europe and to the Levant, we have ftill more Commerce than ever ; a greater Demand for our Manufacures, and a vaft Increafe of our Shipping s what can this be owing to, but to.the Trade of our own American Colo- nies ; a Trade which the Succefes of this War, will render, every Day, more and more advantageous ? If this Matter, then, be confi- dered, in the abeve Light, by thofe whom -I now addrefs, they will make our North American Conquefts the fine qua non of the Peace, as being the only Method of guarding our invaluable Poffeffions there, from Ufarpations and Encroachments ; and they will look upon every other Conqueft, we have made, or may make, in other Parts of the World, as Inftrumeats put into our Hands by Providence to enable us to fettle. Affairs on the Coatinent of Europe, as advan- tageoully to our Allies, as our Gratitude could with, and as their Fi- delity doth deferve. . Here