New Britain Herald Newspaper, February 9, 1928, Page 5

P “Iee” is Word that Strikes Fear Into the Heart of Every Aviator Plight of Airplane Pilot Whose Machine is Mass of Frozen Moisture and Whose Vision is Destroyed by Fog, is Serious. . '(BI Frank J. Carmady) ce! Like the cry of “fire” in a thea- ter, this is the one word that strikes the airplane pilot with a deadly, par- alyzing fear. For at no other time is he so definitely face to face with death with the odds overwhelmingly against him as when moisture has collected, condensed and frozen on wires, struts, propeller, and instru- ments of his plane, creating a mass ~of weight that man-made aerial ve- hicles are incapable of handling. Ice, of course, is a rarity in aerial travel, but, as one veteran army pilot points out, that makes it none the lens terrible, just as the fact that the relatively small number of theater fires leave the audience no less starkly terrorised when a dull red glow is visible and the smell of smoke is in the air. May Be Avoided Ice, in itself, can be avoided if weather conditions otherwise are good. But, they are not always so in commercial flying. Most often there is fog to start the ice, an im- penetrable gray mist that blots out the earth from the pilot's view as thoroughly as {f he had suddenly < lost his eyesight. In such a case, imagine the plight of an airplane pilot, He cannot fly low for fear of hitting trees, buildings, hillsides 6 ! and mountains. He cannot fly high for fear of ice collecting on the| plane, sending it crashing to the earth. Yet, fly he must, for he can- not land on a terrain that he cannot see. ‘What a plight! Even the bravest would dodge the issue if they could; but it is not always in their power to stay on the ground when mail and other cargo must be moved on schedule, not be done is to court successful re- | futation, but to say that it cannot be | done with reasonable safety is to, in the support of those who are | interested in proving aviation 100 |pér cent safe and efficlent. It has been done, that is true, but an analy- mail service, in which five pilots have lost their lives, reveals that Iblind flying was the cause, i It will be recalled that Col. Charles A. Lindbergh's one doubt on his suc- cessful transatlantic flight occurred {when, flying through a heavy fog, he noticed that his ship was collecling‘ ice. At that moment, the redoubt- able, intrepid ploneer of trans oceanic air travel admits he consid- ered turning back, but went ahead because his chance was as good one way as another. He, however, makes NEW BRITAIN DAILY HERALD, THURSDAY, FEBRUARY §, 1928, tion, and return of confidence when upon descending to a lower latitude, 1ie Spirit of 8t. Louis was freed of | its great burden of ice. | The man who has not flown maj, be able to picturs the predicam of the fog-bound, ice-collecting air- | plane through a comparison with the | automobile. Let him envision him- self in a moter car, traveling through fog, on a down-grade, wth brakes| that fail to deceleratp the car. The fog is 30 dense that he cannot see {more than 30 feet ahead and he is| traveling 4t a rate of 30 miles an| hour. Hae. is utterly helpless, but if kave been recorded in commercial flying where close schedules do not permiy the airman to choose his sweather, An airplane must make a certain speed to avoid falling. Plane en- gines are designed to pull the weight imposed upon them through the air at considerably greater speed than that at which the ship stalls and falls. ed in determining the weight an en- gine will be called upon to pull Therefore, when he {s flying blind and his air-speed indicator begins to he avoids panic and the way is clear,{show the stalling speed and he sud- he may get through. However, re- sisting the temptation to become paralyzed with fear is a tremendous | task. Has Many Instruments In some ways, the aviator may b thought to have an advantage in thi case. has an altimeter to show him how far he is above the earth, with the result that he can clear earthly oh- structions. His bank and turn indi- cator tells him of his lateral bal- ance. His air-speed Indicator gives him reports on his rate of travel. | sis of the only fatal accident in the | These last two instruments, however, |he fails to find such a stratum he are subject to error and particularly so when they have collected ice. The pilot knows this and, ‘flying blind save for the lighted instruments in front of him, he senses that in spite of what they tell him he is in a spin stalling, banked too hard, or travel- ing too slowly. Which is right, his sense of conditions or what the in- struments are telling him of them? lecause he cannot sce his ship in relation to any fixed object, hic does not know, It takes a highly capable pilot to no secret of his gratitude, satisfac- pull safely out of this predicament, He has in front of him a| |variety of Instruments that tell him mass of ice has slowed up the ship Flying blind! To say that it un.}a sreat deal about conditions. He|to the point of falling, or whether denly passes through a hole in the mist where he can see ice collecting on wires and struts, the pilot’s whole list of calculations may be thrown | out—and precision of knowledge and |calculation mean everything in safe flying. He does not know whether the the venturi tube of the air-speed in- dicator merely has become fce-lock- | ed and s failing to register accurate- |y, He can come down, taking a |chance on striking a warm current of air that will melt the ice, but if {may be forced all the way to the ‘rm'lh at a speed which, due to-the ice, is far in excess of the ship's sea level maximum. His chance for !landing the ship safely at such a speed is remote under the best of v 1 conditions. 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Ice, however, is not consider-| infinitely | | and almost every circle shows the results s it when he comes down on 2| with houses,] | and, even among-the best, failuresrible, implacable enemies of the air- man even though, in combination, they are to be met no more than once or twice a year and then only in certain sections of the country—— mostly the mountainoms areas. Air progress, however, is making | strides toward wiping out the three. Lights and radio beacons are being developed to guide the fiyer to safe- ty regardless of the presence of his most deadly foes. Instruments 3o re- upon them with the greatest assur- ance, already are available to him. So far, however, no method has been devised whereby the collection of ice upon a plane’s vital units can be prevented. Greases and other substances have been tried, but with- out success, But, long after it has disappeared as an obstacle, “ice” will remain & word of bitter memories to the men who now are fiying. 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