Grand Rapids Herald-Review Newspaper, June 14, 1902, Page 3

> THE NATION'S PROSPERITY PRESIDENT J. J. HILL MAKES. A GREAT SPEECH | X , “Commercial Expansion” the Text of an Address Before the Illinois Manufacturers’ Association | in Which He Shows the Part Taken by Railroads, Demonstrates Why There Must Be Competition ernment Ownership. , Between Them, and Indicates the Evils of Gov- At a banquet given in Chicago by tht ) schools, no other single work enters into Mlinois Manufacturers’ association on the evening of June 5, Mr. J. J. Hiil made one of the most notable speeches of his life. He considered the railroad question, its ownership and management very ex- haustively and also talked of general business interests and trusts. The speech is very lengthy, but below will be found its most important features: Commerce is the exchange of commodi- ties, and the term is generally understood to include the buying and selling between individuals, and, in a wider sense, be- tween communities and nations. Behind its adventurous leadership has followed civilization and Christianity to the re- mnotest parts of the world. The commer- cial nations of the world have, at all times, exercised the strongest influence for good among the nations of the earth. The development of commerce is the ef- fort by a country to find a market for its own productions, or to supply itself with material for its necessities, or to further its means of commercial ex- pansion. The commercial expansion of a nation is the best index of its growth. Commercial growth is both domestic and foreign. Following the Civil war came a eriod of the history of our country of nternal development, which has been the wonder of the world. Since the close of the war in 1865, the enormous territory west of the Mississippi has grown from frontier settlements into great, populous and wealthy states. The population of the United States in 186) was about thir- ty-four millions. The succeeding thirty- five yea ending in 1900, carried it to sevent, x millions, and to-day, we are increasing at the rate of a million and a half a year. The various census.reports show that the population of the United States about doubles every thirty years, so that by 1930 we would, at this ratio, have a population of one hundred and fifty millions of peoole. in the past the public domain suited to cultivation of the soil, producing every useful crop, has furnished homes for the multiplying population. To-day we have about reached the limit of our public do- i h can pe made to. furnish or an intelligent and enterorising In many of the Western enormous areas) of the best hich, with irrigation, ean be made Productive in the Highest Degree. One hundred and sixty acres of land, with a certain supply of water, which will insure to the husbandman a bounti- ful harvest, is equal to twice that area where the land is subject to the natural conditions of either too much or too lit- tle rainfall. One-half of the population of the United States is occupied directly or indirectly in the cultivation of the land, and I think fully one-half of the entire capital of the country is invested in farms and their belongings, and when we come to the questions of intelligence, patriotism and good citizenship, the agri- cultural population stands out to-day as it has in the past, as the great Sheet Anchor of the Nation. The wealth of the world comes from the farm, the forest, the mine and the sea. While our country has been blest with wonderful mines of coal, iron, gold, silver and all the other valuable mineral pro- ductions, with magnificent forests of use- ful timber, still the farm has, from the beginning,’ been the foundation of our growing wealth and greatness. During the last three years the balance of our trade With other nations, that is, the amount we have sold in excess of ‘what we haye bought, has averaged about seven hundred millions of dollars gn- nually, and two-thirds of this has cofne to us through the export of the produce of the soil. I do not wish in any mannér to belittle the importance of our growing manufactures, or their relative value in the commerce of the, country. The se- curity of their foundations has always rested upon the agricultural growth of ‘the nation, and in the future it must continue to rest there. Every manufac- turer, every merchant, every business man throughout the land is most deeply interested in maintaining the growth and development of our agricultural re- sources In the past we have been in the habit of fecling that “Uncle Sam was rich enough to give us all a farm,’ but to- day, as I said before, the arable land suitable for agriculture, without an ar- tificial supply of moisture, is practically all occupied, In a few limited communities of the * West irrigation has been commenced by what may be called “Individual Effort.” Owing to diverse laws, made to suit par- ticular interests, the irrigation of large sreas is attended by greater difficulties than can be well surmounted by in- dividual effort. The policy of a broad, comprehensive, national plan of irriga- tion has been urged upon congress with but little success in the ‘past. However, an enterprise of such magnitude and im- ortance to the nation as a whole, which mportance will grow as our population grows, cannot be turned aside or lost wight Of, for the reason that every citizen of every state in the Union is Deeply and Vitally Interested dn the question. President Roosevelt, who has spent some of his time in the semi- arid regions of the West, has taken an active interest in this subject, and if his effor' for the same end, result in success, future generations will rejoice in. the memory of this work, while they build for themselves comfortable homes in the thousand valleys covering that portion of the country which is now given up as razing ranches for cattle and sheep. With proper irrigation these valleys will furnish homes for intelligent and in- dustrious people, and the number of cat- tle and sheep raised on the land will in- crease many fold. For the first time in the history of this : country, thousands of our farmers from states like lowa, Kansas, Missouri, Mich- igan, Wisconsin'’and Minnesota, are seek- ing homes in the Canadian Northwest, owing to the cheap lands offered in that country, and to the difficulty of securing such lands in the United States. A wise ‘system of irrigation by the genral gov- ernment can be made not only self-sus- taining but a source of income. Lands, that without irrigation are given away or sold at a nominal price, can be sold as fast as they are furnished with water, at paint sti an sare or upwards, and the cost wou ttle, if‘ anything; mor than half that sum, ar b I cannot urge too strongly on the part of every man who wishes his country well, and who desires that all shall be rosperous, in order that he himself may e prosperous with them, the importance and the growing necessity of taking care of our public domain in such a way as to preserve it.for generations now unborn. I feel sure that no one here to-night ‘ever expected to see the time when farm- rs and farmers’ sons from the best states of the West would be forced to Jeave their country and their flag to seek ‘homes in a foreign country. The United States has many social questions to settle in the near future, and nothing in this connection will take the place of its ability to provide good homes for those who desire to sit under their own vine and fig tree. y Land without population is a wilderness and population without land is a mob. Railway Importance. Considering the question from a broad national standpoint, the next interest In importance to agriculture is the railway interest of the country. The entire rail- way growth is within the memory. of men hving. Twenyt-five years ago it was not supposed possible that railways would ever be able to carry heavy and cheap commodities, which were up to that time almost exclusively shipp: water. Great elevatdrs were built in Fe lien 2g Milwaukee and other lake ports, to hold the grain for the season of open water, in order that it might move to market at a fair rate. Early /builders of railways never realized the service to be rendered to the y the railways. IE think I am sa! @ , and of others who are working } the welfare and happiness of the people of the whole country to the same extent as the railway; no other work could have made it possible to occupy the enormous stretches through the interior of our country and people them with cities, towns and villages. While the railways have to answer for many mistakes of judgment, or of in- tent, on the whole the result has been to create the most effective, useful, and, by far, the cheapest system of land trans- portation in the world. In England the average amount paid by the ees od for moving a ton of freight one hundred miles is’ $2.35; in France, $2.10; in Aus- tria, $1.90; in raepdnacor where most of the railways are owned and operated by the government, $1.84; in Russia, also government ownership, where the ship- ments are carried under conditions more similar to our own than in any other country as respects long haul, $1.70; in the United States the average cost is 73 cents, or less than 40 per cent of the average cost in Europe. And this is done while every article used by the railroads, including labor, costs more in this cou: try than it costs in Europe, with the ex- ception of coal and right of way. Wages in the United States are, as a rule, more than twice as high, and this high cost in the United States is constantly increas- ing. Take, tor instance, the material in an ordinary box car, the cost of which has increased in the past three years over 20 per cent. You gentlemen whose manufactured articles are sold through- out the country are always able to base your selling price on the cost of produc- tion, and when your raw material and labor increases the cost, your prices are advanced, but, notwithstanding the enormous advance in wages, in material of every kind, the rates of transportation in the United States have gone steadily down from year to year until they are by comparison so much lower than those of any other country that there is no comparison between them. If these results have been accomplished under all the changing conditions of financia! prosperity and adversity in the past thirty years, have we not, as a na- tion, reason to rejoice in what has been accomplished rather than to seek to de- stroy or Spyrpprate the means which have brought about these results? When we consider what has been ac- complished by the railway companies in the past thirty years, the singularly low rate of transportation which prevails, the average cost being not to exceed one- third of what it was thirty years ago, the reduction of freight classifications from fifty or more to three, the increase by thousands of through routes and rates, the improvement of facilities for trans- portation in roadway, equipment and ter- minals, has not the country abundant reason to congratulate itself on what has been accomplished? And I will say fur- ther, that all this has been brought about by the railway companies in their efforts to serve the public and help themselves rather than by any legislative or other interference. The railways of the coun- try are subject to the interstate com- merce law. It is said that carriers do not observe the law; that rates are un- reasonable; that the public are oppressed. To remedy the evils growing, as is claimed, out of the violation of the law, government ownership is suggested by some, and an increase of the power of the interstate commerce commission by others. Government ownershin means the con- trol and operation of railways by govern: ment officials. A mere statement of the proposition arous in the mind of al- most every thoughtful man the fear that such power would end in the destruction of the government itself. Price of Transportation. If the earnings which the railways are entitled to receive were to be derived solely from traffic beginning and ending on their respective lines, the rates or price of transportation would necessarily be must higher than it is. The interest of the public served by the railways is largely in the “interfa of the volume of interstate and interfational traffic over the lines. Take, for Instance, the lines of the Great Northern and Northern Pacific from Lake Superior and the Mississippi river to Puget Sound. All the interstate traffic they can obtain from the great freight producing area south of Lake Su- perior and east of Chicago must come to them across the lakes, which are closed to navigation one-half of each year, or around the south end of Lake Michigan by way of Chicago. To increase the vol- ume of traffic and thus be able to reduce rates, these two companies must secure a share of the interstate traffic from the territory named and must also be able to reach territory furnishing market for the freight produced along their lines and re- turn freight to be'transported over their lines and by steamshiv connection with the Pacific coast terminals. If the stock of the railway is held as an investment by those interested in the territory served by the lines, in increas- ing the volume of traffic and in reducing rates, the territory will be built up and rates will be lowered. If the question of the ownership of stock was left to the public served by the lines of the railways of the country, would it not be for the interest of the public to have such ownership placed in the hands of those who had acquired it as an investment and whose interest is directly connected with the building up of the lines and building up the territory served by them? Railway Competition. There has been during the past year a great deal of public discussion about rail- way competition and a large amount of volunteer literature has been written on the subject. It is always a safe basis to assume that no business will continue for any length of time if the result of its transactions is a loss, and this is equally true of your business and of that of the railways. No individual, community or nation can afford to build up its com- merce on the foundaticn that railways will destroy each other for the general benefit. This has been done in some cases in the past and the roads which have followed this course have gone through the portal of bankruptcy into the hands of rival owners, and, in some cases, into the hands of owners whose greater interest is in other directions, and whose object in obtaining them has been more to restrict the growth of the country than to increase it. Competition in railway rates is either active or inactive. All railway rates are the subject of conference between the lines interested, followed by an a: - ment as to rates, and the conditions of the business of the country demand that this course must always be followed. All rates are by law made public, and what- ever rate is adopted by one road must be Pat sa by the others, or they will lose their share of the traffic. In this there is no active competition. When competi- tion is active, tariffs are disregarded ard private rates are made to large shippers and rebates paid, amounting, as has been published, to enormous sums in the yearly aggregate. To.prevent this active competition, both the federal government and the several states have enacted laws which have been a dead letter on the statute books until public opinion has de- manded that the yarious commissions take some action under the law. The re- cent activity of the interstate commerce com ion has resulted, I believe, to a I extent in comectng this abuse, and, if they follow it op with power con- ferred upon them by the of congress, : the entire system of private rates wili be nbolished to the advantage of the traGe of the, whole country, and of the Tathere. ie bows mpetition ‘be- ere wever & 4 ape ae. ped End nl will continue e: as long as the railways are run, and that is the competition of markets; necessity of bi country In that next fa Ee di po 1 Beting togeth re railway the the. eting for the busin If the railway to increase its trafic, it can only be done by increasing Ge) business of its customers. This same pirnciple applies to the occupation and cultivation vf the land along the lines of railway through- cut the country, and particularly applies tu the lines west of Chicago. Tnless the farmer can make money by the cultiva- tion of his land, either through selling his wheat, his grain, his cotton or his stock, with a profit to himself, the time must come when he will ceas: to culti- vate the land, and the railway is left, as it were, in a desert. Low Rates on Necessities. For the past twenty years or mo: have had some experience in opening up and peopling new states, and have al- ways adopted as a fixed policy the mak- ing of rates on the products of the coun- try seeking a 1aarket, and the necessities of life, such as coal, lumber and building material, at the lowest rates the com- pany coula afford, looking’ more to our profit from the lighter articles of mer- e and shelf goods consumed in the At times we have been criticised this criticism mainly coming ‘chants who have desired a low- United States than all the pokes and to-day, if these el |, our superiority the steel Ba 9s of the world would be On Trusts. There is another subject I think will not be devoid of interest to the manufac- turers of Illinois, and that is the so-called trusts or combinations of capital: In a country as large ours, carrying on Reece. undertakings, ‘nates ane cal are necessary, and cap! ‘urnished The State Day by Day. | News of In- %& terest. % can more readil; by cor- = O f ¥ i ate ownership ‘than in any other way. | Stte Ofcials Urge Farmers to Pas-\ | There are a few individuals in the coun- Peden Coens be 2 who po pei furnish fifty or a hundred| The farmers of Minnesota are being Mons of Collars sith whiah to carry on tuts. by both the state dairy and food DESTRUCTIVE TWISTER SWEEPS A PORTION OF MINNE- SOTA, any particular branch of business, but eee ao ate that they would che department and the state board of ollar. (Of money dese HOt awed whi the trouble | health to insist on local creameries pas- aye apts on agin) fie busi- | teurizing ail milk which they receive. ind, a is necessary | .. that this work shall be done through cor- | “The only way in which the spread of porate. ee ate no eae is icy tuberculosis by means of co-operative ie to the country growing ,out 0: e | creameries can be prevented is by pas- magnitude of the business. Has the teurizing the milk,” said Dr. S. B. Brimhall of ‘the veterinary department FIFTEEN LIVES PROBABLY LOST er_rate. m, or any of its people? On the con. ri . y The following will illustrate our an- . 2 of the state board of health, “The| WIND, RAIN AND HAIL UTTERLY swer and the season for the course wa | ttaty the nation and the people are proud | iy. is mixed at the creamery. ‘The of the name of Krupp. Can anyone in ible comnts reer out gio rete gees patrons take back the quantity of skim e people which can be traced to the | milk due them, but it has been’ mixed magnitude of the! Carnegie company? ‘ The Onis serious objection te tute ty, | with that from the cows of other pat- been’ the method of creating them, not | rons. If one of the cows whose milk is for the purpose of manufacturing any |sent to the creamery has tuberculosis articular commodity in the first . ut for the purpose be selling aieacenct the disease may be spread in all the milk of the creamery. rinted securities whicn represent noth- Ing more than good will and prospective “The skim milk is usually fed to hogs and calves, and the increase in tuber- profit to the jis mites ge If it is the desire of the general govern- ee Pipi e Magy one stow fie vbikene pee culosis among them has been wonder- pile re wohl! "peopled as al-| fully rapid during the last few years, ‘ways seemed ti was itn thet reset 2 Ope ceneey. due largely to this cause. In Denmark tome the Sonatinas | payicor cd al- | skim milk !s frequently fed to colts, and congress to re; E between the states, all sommanion desis, | there the disease has assumed such pro ing to transact business outside of the | portions among horses, as well as hogs, that an order has been made by the government requiring skim milk to be state in which they are incorporated, should be held to a uniform provision of pasteurized before it left the creamery. “IT am not a butter expert, but I federal, law, that they should: satisfy a should think pasteurizing would im- commission that their capital stock was actually paid up in cash or-in property, lon, prove the keeping qualities of the but- ter. In the laboratory we frequently at a fair valuati just as the capital of the national banks are certified to be paid have pasteurized milk in the test tubes for a week without any appreciable up by the controller of the currency. It is only fair to a dealer in Minnesota or California or Oregon, that if a company claims to have ten, twenty or fifty mil- lions of capital, desiring to do business in that state, that the dealer should know | change in it.” “If the proprietors pasteurized the milk from which they made butter it ywould remove the one argument against co-operative creggeries,” said W. W. P. McConnell, te dairy and food that the company’s solvency has been Passed upon by a federal commission and comm issioner, ‘The skim milk would then be even better than if it were DESTROY CROPS IN SOME PLACES, have pursued: Take a farmer in lowa with a hundred acres of wheat yielding, say, twenty bushels>to the acre, two thou d bushels, or sixty tons. <A re- duction of 5 cents a hundred, or #1 a ton, Would amount to him to $60 per an- num. If he visits the country store once a week for fifty-two wekes and takes away from the store each [soey es of merchandise, in a year he will ave taken twenty-six hundred pounds, the entire treight cn which would not hay averaged 40 cents a hundred, or $10.40, so that if the railway carried the merchandise for nothing and charged an additional 5 cents a hundred on his grain, the farmer would be worse off by nearly $00 a year, This illustration I hope makes plain the statement that the prosperity of the people served by the railway is the cnly path to prosperity for the railway. The railway and its patrons must always prosper together or suffer together. The greater the volume of business the 10wer the rates can be made. If, for instance, a railway has to raise $1,000,000 on a traffic of 1,000,000 tons, a single calcula- tion shows that its profits must be a ton; if there are 2,060,000 tons, 50 cents a ton, and if there lare 4,000,000 tons, 25 cents a ton will bring the same profit, In crder to secure this Additional Tonnage intelligent railway management is con- stantly called upon to secure for the producers on its various lines a market for their productions, and, if possible, a return load for the car carrying such product to market. We have on the Pa- cific coast the largest body of first-class saw timber left in the United States. When I first visited that country, with a view to extending our lines to the coast, I saw at once that unless we could carry their lumber to market at a price that would enable them to manufacture and ship it with a profit, our railroad would have no business. The first and great crop of that country is its lumber. We made a rate of 40 cents hundred for two thousand miles, or four-mills a ton per mile, on this lumber, in order that we FRIGHTFUL HAVOC IS WROUGHT MANY BUILDINGS ARE DESTROYED AND HUNDREDS OF CATTLE KILLED. White Earth, Minn., June 12. — Wal- worth and Atlantic townships are e- vastated, houses and barns are scat- tered Wied of splintered wood and fif- teen lives are reported lost as the re- sult of a terrific tornado which swept over the southwestern portion of the reservation Monday evening. The southern portion of the reservation suf- fered the greatest damage. Wind, hail and rain in a terrific downfall utterly destroyed crops. and from the meager reports received the ruin wrought by the storm, is of unequaled extent in this region. Immense Damage Done. Desperado Captured. Cripple Creek, Colo., June 10. — Pug Ryan, said to have been the leader of a gang of desperadoes, who in a fight sev- eral years ago with a posse of Brecken- ridge officers, killed one of the latter, has been arrested here. Ryan escaped from the Leadville jail a week ago with several other prisoners. He will be tried for murder. that its capital was what.it was adver- tised to be. witn that simple law, the temptation to make companies for the time, no legitimate business would suf- cea, hee ® pg “~~ number of indivi- through ‘a cor oration, ‘sul crue treet skimmed at home and fed to hogs and} Ulen, Minn., June 12.—Immense dam- phi ree eee aanee aval yan 36 calves, for all possibility of its contain- | age was done by the tornado in this vi- fae Hation too reads to Wook te eegt | ing injurious germs is removed. The) cinity, Four or five deaths are report- ‘The laws of trade are as certain in their | cream to a central churning station 1s operation as the laws of gravitation. You | ‘nat the farmer is then sure of pure there, were killed. Hundreds of head of might load back the cars that carried out | Statute as to change a commercial law | skim milk. x cattle were killed and many farm the merchandise to the Went rhe Tate | OF alata Seu eee tims bore e, tes | ,."Tt would areatiy improve the quailty | houses were destroyed. ‘Those known to Fas Mecessarily met py sian of the lum- | end, the inexorable law of experience, | of butter, too. If Minnesota is ever to | have lost their houses are Arnes Kneut- he son, Sam Houge, Henry Lysne, John ‘unde! 5 jorez, S. O. Mossaly, moar Lars Siesta a pete rage be ae i ato oe pend at Ly eae aprara ‘West, we are now seeking additional ter and butter that keeps better than loads for our westbound care golng out the ordinary creamery butter. Ordinary to be loa umber for the great d butter which did not score | of a mile by the st but were unin- iddle West, and pasteurized bu' y ‘orm, bu thes Gevelopreat oe this Pacific ‘coast unusually high in the educational con-| jured. Owing to the distance of the tests, scored better than the very ve stricken district from railroads particu- both had | jars are hard to obtain. At Atlanta the il unpasteurized butter after . Gasieme is haga ie RC Norwegian Lutheran church was de- To enable us to keep pace with the stroyed. the niovine cause Of ‘our Duilding the by milk, and it would pay the farmers the Creamery Destroyed. Largest Ships in the World, additional cost many times over, not through which we will be prepared this New Warden at Waupun. only in the increased sree oe chai Madison, Wis., June 10.—E. 8. Har-|that would result from tte alully (0 | night the creamery at Henryville was vey, formerly deputy warden of the | compete with Danish butter bs Se nays | destroyed. Grain was badly pounded by Chicago house of correction, was elected | Kets of Europe, but an oc shiek js | the hail, but not ruined, Barns were deputy warden of the Wisconsin state |!n tuberculosis among animals, w blown down or carried off their founda- tions and many small structures were ruined, while windmills in all directions were blown down. - States and Canada, but we will meet the rates made by steamer from the Atlantic ports via the Suez canal. Every manu- facturer reached by any railway in the United States can ship his goods to:the Orient by rail to the Pacific coast and thence by steamer, at rates that will compete with water transportation from the Atlantic seaboard to the East by way of the Mediterranean and Suez canal. Were it not for the certainty that there is a carload of lumber waiting for every empty car that we can furnish on the Pacific coast, we could not carry the Oriental business at twice the rates we will offer. Much has been said about the increase ot Traffic in the East. I will_use as an illustration what has oc- curred in Japan. Twenty years ago the foreign trade of Japan was not to exceed. $1 per capita of the population. To-day this trade is equal to $6 or $7 per capita ot its population. Twenty years ago amounted to about $40,000,000 and to-day it amounts to about $20,000,000, of which the United States’ share is less than one- fifth. Ten years ago we exported about $5,000,000 annually to Japan, and im- ported from her about $26,000,000. Now, our exports to Japan amount to $30,000, 000, or six times as much as they were ten years ago, and the increase in our imports has been very small. In 1890 the entire foreign trade with China amount- €d to about 90 cents per capita. With a good stable government which will pro- tect the Chinaman in the fruits of his own labor and enterprise, there is no rea- son why the Chinese trade should not in- crease as rapidly as that of Japan has increased. The Chinaman is the best merchant of the two. Should the Chinese purpose of selling prospective profits would be at an end, and, at the’same and federal legislation for remedies | ONly argument of those that advocate) 4° 1+ is known that Mrs. O. Berg of which 01 ; ‘ @ shipping the | °° . 0. are beyond their power, to give. home separators ant pping Soke. wud: diac Hala liotie. ear ter trade of Washington and Oregon, so | and t! urvival of the fittest, will pre- | compete with foreign countries for the that to-day it is over ten times what it | vail. butter trade of the world is must pas- and John Berg. Ole Johnson and his son were taken up and carried a quarter lumber traffic will work a greater change in the Oriental trade of the country than been in cold storage for several weeks. “Tt does not cost much to pasteurize Bird Island, Minn., June 12.—During a terrific wind and hail storm Monday fall to meet not only the rates of other transcontinental lines both in the United prison. assuming alarming proportions in our | state.’ Sold Booze to Redskins. Sioux Falls, S, D., June 10. — James Murphy of Egan appeared before Judge Carland of the United States court in this city and withdrew his motion for STATE FAIR HAS WIDE FAME. Praised by Cattle Men From All STATE SAVES A MILLION. Parts of United States. The fame of the Minnesota State fair He was pesaslene pp has gone abroad throughout the length 1 | and breadth of the land. The possibili- ty of the attendance of the president of Arrangements Made for the Selec- tion of the Indemnity Land. The state will save approximately $1,000,000 through the arrangements re- cently completed at Washington by State Land Clerk G. A. Flynn, for the selection of the indemnity land to re- place the school sections on the Indian reservations, which, under a decision of the federal supreme court, were lost to the state. The court held that the state was not entitled to the actual land, but it had a right to an equal tract as an indemnity. There are 300,C00 acres in- volved, 4 Under the old plan the state had to wait until the plats were approved at Washington before making selections. From the time of the survey until the plats were approved was often three cr four years, and in the,meantime lum- bermen filed scrip or stone and timber claims upon the best of it or settlers se- liquor to Indians. this offense by a jury during the nal federal court. He was fin sidtend-eesenced ee a term of sixty | the United States has been a matter of days in the Moody county jail at Flan- | newspaper discussion for weeks. This drau, where he has been taken. year there will be exhibitors from every ‘ part of the country. Another evidence Kruger Will Stay in Holland. of the reputation of the fair is the fact Brussels, June 10. — Mr. Kruger de- | that there has been application for ad- clares that he will end his days in Hol- | vertising space in the official program land: from New York city. The fact is that the reputation of the Minnesota fair Bark Wreeker Rone Gauty: for size, attendance and splendid finan- Whatcom, Wash., June 10. — John | cit] management is becoming very gen- Dix, charged with wrecking two banks|erally known among business men. in this city while under his control,| since the inauguration of the great na- was found guilty of larceny and embez- | tional cattle shows, especially, the char- zlement. Dix was arrested in London,] acter of the Minnesota fair has been Eng., about four months ago. bruited about by the gréat cattle breed- ers who have made exhibitions. The stock breeders’ organs—such as the Breeders’ Gazette and other influential class papers—have given Minnesota commences its] come of the best advertising the state rs Firemen at New Ulm. New Ulm, Minn., June 10—The state firemen’s convention trade increase to $3 or $4 per capita, it would amount to ret yon the” entire | session here to-morrow. The local gom- | ever had. lected the choicest pieces. The state exports of the United States, and surely, | pany has prepared very elaborately for] Good judges regard the heavy immi-| had to take what was left, The,state this trade is worth striving for. The Oriental trade has built up cities of the Old World which are now in ruins, Its value runs back to the very dawn of his- tory. Byzantine enjoyed this trade for a time, and, later on, it built up Venice, the city: of merchant palaces, which -for years was the gateway from the East into Euroge. When the Portuguese sent their ships around the Cape of Good Hope, followed by the Spaniards, they took possession of this trade and trans- ferred it from the backs of camels to their galleons. , From them it passed un- der the control of the Hanseatic league, and the cities of Holland and Belgium. Early in this country, Great Britain, through a wise and farseeing policy, in- augurated by her ablest statesmen, took ossession of the trade, and has retained it to the present time, for the reason that she furnished the lowest rates of transportation to and from those coun- tries, We are now preparing to challenge her for such share of this business as | used liquor, but chewed day and night. can be furnished by the manufactures of the United States, A country where la- | 2° WS born Jan. 21 i701. Jan. 21. 1794. bor is cee from 10 to 25 cents a day can- Re not indulge. in many luxuries, and our nis trade with the Orient must be largely in the necessities of life and such articles as Any, peony rome. e have already built up a lai de- mand for American cotton, which, few peo ago, was unknown in China and japan. ‘Enis. cotton mainly goes from Texas and other Southwestern states, and it may surprise you to learn that seven- eighths of it, during the past year, has ene es the way of Puget sound ports. ith Manila as an American port in the East, and the best ships that can be built, we should be able to maintain our- selves as a nation in the control of a jarge share of this traffic. is trying to get the right to select its sections as soon as the towns are sur- veyed. In this way the state will have a fair chance at the best land in the surveyed tracts instead of having to make its selections when all of the good land has been filed upon. It is esti- mated that by this arrangement wher2- py the state gets a fair choice there will be a saving of $1,000,000. . There are still forty-seven towns un- surveyed. Senator Clapp has secured the passage in the senate of a resolution granting to the-state this right and a similar resolution introduced by Repre- sentative Eddy secured a favorable report in the house. Senator Clapp’s resolution passed the senate Wednes- day. Senator Clapp has also been influen- tial in enlisting the services of Com- missioner Hermann, who promised to assist the Minnesota surveyor general in making plats for seventeen towns, whose surveys have been approved and no plats drawn, owing to the small staff in the surveyor general's office. Where surveys have already been made the commissioner will see that they are ex- amined and approved at once. ‘There are twenty-nine surveyed towns, mostly in the reservations, whose plats have been held up because of slight errors, and these also will be looked after by the commissioner. Com- missioner Hermann will also close up the entire survey of the state as rapidly as possible, a work will take about two years. the entertainment of their guests. The] sration to the Northwest during recent city 1s hantsomely decorated. years in no small degree due to the Poi His Last © splendid advertisement of the great oison His Last Cue. marl New York, June 10.—Robert Jefferson usr E. W. Randall and Vice Ferral, an actor, said to be the son of @| president B. F. Nelson of Minneapolis Perinieadte te takine’ pottct 2 have been in paren a ore rhe ‘A “ oviding for the = friends say he had been despondent for Nae ranrret Te ace wulvently aaking some time. He was twenty-five years | -\. tom, a NN. S. Gordon, superintendent of the agricultural division; writes from Crookston that he has already received more applications for exhibition space than in any previous year. This phe- nomenal state of affairs means that crop conditions are perfect, and that there is every probability of the finest end largest display of Minnesota pro- aucts ever made.in any year. i peta {PORK ioe VE WILL SELL FINE STOCK. Michigan’s Oldest Man Dies. Saginaw, Mich., June 10.—When get- ting out of bed at 3:30 yesterday morn- ing to get a chew of tobacco Daniel Smith, the oldest man in Michigan, dropped dead.e He never smoked or It of an Old Grudge. Chillicothe, Mo., June 10.—In a street fight here Harvey Gibbens was shot and Breeders of fine stock from Mower, fatally wounded by his brother-in-law. | ye Sueur and Freeborn counties met at John Galvin, the result of an old) arpert Lea and decided to organize the grudge. Galvin recentl) secured Gib-| southern Minnesota Live Stock asso- pens’ arrest on the charge of stealing 2} cation, to work in harmony with the Bible from him. Galvin is under ar-| state association. W. W. P. McConnell, sy state dairy and food commissioner, pne- sided, and was made temporary chair- git ag Seka seb man, with R. C. Blackburn of Albert London, June 10, — The Exchange|y <q,’ secretary. A committee, consist- Telegraph company understands that|;,-‘or a. Cc. Wedge, Albert Lea: J. J. the price paid by J. Plerpont Morgan] purjong, Concord, Mower county, and Our balance of trade some years has for the famous Consul Guttman collec-| 5,4, a, Timpane of Le Sueur, will draft been double the production of gold and| tion of antique silver and bronzes in|, constitution and by-laws, the chair- 5 01 x seer‘ if it should continue the time would come | Berlin is $500,000. man and secretary to be ex-officio mem- When we would have ail the gold and silt : bers. One object of the association 49 kK. Customers Would. Be Bankrup' tc ehg rate teas This condition would only be less for-'| tunate for ourselves than for them, Our customers must have the means to pi us and to get this means they must something to somebod: ‘We have en-, joyed all the benefits of'a protective for years, whatever buil up four norm ous iron and Industries, which ai out as, the result of our protective tariff, more surely traced to coe aye re-) Banks Show a Gain. Public Examiner Samuel T. Johnson has prepored a summary of the condi- tion of the 226 state banks at the close of business April 30 last. Their total $53,294,816.74, - Negro Filled With Bullets. Bluefield, W. Va-, June 10. —John| \ ,coqwaTTON 18 COMPULSORY. ‘Wymick, a colored miner, charged with - 4 regulation made by the health com- an attack on Mary Green, was arrested | snissioner of St. Paul, requiring the vac- and soon afterward taken from jail at | (ination of children as a condition of Bondtown and dragged a short distance | their admission to the public schools, 1s from jail and riddled with bullets. valid in cases of emergency where such