Evening Star Newspaper, May 27, 1940, Page 1

WEARN Weather Forecast Partly cloudy tonight and tomorrow; mwmwmazflwmc: little change degrees. Temperatures today—Highest, ' 78, at 1 pm.; lowest, 59, at 7 a.m. TFrom the United Stal ther report. Full dn&llfl.:';ll' A " 'WASHINGTON, D. O, MONDAY, MAY 27, 1040 —FORTY-TWO PAGES, s#s Massed Forces Hurled Into Fight; Torpedo Boats Strike on Channel;| - British Naval Guns Guard Calais Defenses Broken T ‘Hold Out Just One Month,’ In Ypres Areaq, Berlin Claims By the Associated Press. BERLIN, May 27.—Sudden blows by swarms of warplanes and high-speed torpedo boats paced Nazi attempts today to score a quick knockout in the battle for the English Channel. While German ground forces broke deeply through the Flan- ders battle line almost to Ypres in a “squeeze” to split the en- circled Allied forces in Belgium and Northern France, the high command said, warplanes left the water front of Dunkerque in flames and the mosquito-like tor- pedo boats stung the Allies in raids along the Channel coast. The high command credited the speedboats with a daring feat in entering Ostend Harbor where, it said, one of them sank a British destroyer. Another was said to have sunk an Allied submarine off Helder, once a Dutch naval base. Two Objectives. The German forces evidently had two objectives: 1. To dominate the whole French coast of the English Channel—po- tential springboard for a direct as- sault on England. 2. To cut in two the trapped Al- lied armies before clamping down the stranglehold which they are confident will mean death or sur- render of some 1000000 French, Belgian and British soldiers in the battle of Flanders and Artois. Both sides appeared to be pouring all their available resources into the battle. Among extraordinary results was the high command’'s report that guns of a German tank had set fire to an Allied destroyer the Channel port of Boulogne. Nazis expected German troops in the northern fighting area from St. Omer eastward and from Courtrai Weygand Begs Allied People There Is Something Big in the Air In Paris Now, Generalissimo Asserts By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, May 27.—Gen. Max- ime Weygand, generalissimo of Al< lied armies, in an extraordinary radio appeal last night, pleaded with the people of the Allled countries “to hold out just one month,” ac- cording to a Paris broadcast picked up here by the National Broadcast- ing Co. Gen. Weygand did not speak in person. His petition, read over Paris Mondial, the French government short-waive station, said: “In a month France will be on the march to victory. Tonight we feel that this one month might well be cut down to a fortnight. Yet, in any case, the military situation is ime proving faster and better than any- one could have imagined earlier in the week. “The Allies are going through a period of holding the Germans at any cost and readjusting their troops and their lines in the situation forced by the great German break- through. Gigantic work has been done in this direction, and the French, all of them, with their com- mander in chief, are convinced that they and their Allies will not have to wait long for their chance to come. There is something in the air in Paris now—it is something big.” p Gen. Weygand did not’ refer to the trend of battle in the Channel “bulge,” but described intensified ac- (See WEYGAND, Page A-4) British Naval Guns Pounding Germans Besieging Calais Savage Battle Under Way; English Strengthen (.:oast Defenses BULLETINS. LONDON, May 27 (#.—The War Office announced tonight the temporsry cancellaf of Grandson of Kaiser Dies of Flanders Battle Wound Second Hohenzollern To Become Victim Of European War By the Associated Press. BERLIN, May 27.—The death of Prince Wilhelm telegraph service to theé British was Expeditionary Force in northwestward near Ypres quickly to close the narrow opening of the sack in which the Allies are caught and boasted that “we are now in a position to determine the temper of the war.” Hemmed in Near Artois. The new gains, it was said, have further hemmed in Allied troops in the Artols region. With the German Army reported pushing northward from Calais to threaten the Channel ports of Gravelines and Dunkerque, the high command stressed the air force as the Nazl trail blazer. (The Allies said they still held Calais.) Air attack; it said, frustrated Brit- ish attempts to withdraw parts of their encircled forces by water and left the water front of Dunkerque aflame. “The severity of the attacks was most effectively centered upon the region wherein the enemy armies are trapped,” the communique said. “German troops attacked north- east of Lens and later repulsed, with bloody losses for the enemy, counterattacks by French colonial troops.” > Heavy Tank Fighting. Heavy tank fighting was indi- cated. On the southern front, it reported five of 11 Allied tanks were incapacitated and the others ' so seriously damaged that their attack foundered. In the air, the communique said, Nazi flyers achieved these results yesterday at a loss of only 15 Ger- man planes against 73 Allied craft destroyed: 1. Sank a_merchant ship of 8,000 tons and caused explosions with bomb hits on one large warship, two cruisers and an 18,000-ton transport. 2. Raided airports and the vicin- ity of Paris, traffic facilities south of Reims and Allied troop move- ments. 3. Dropped more parachutists to reinforce the beleaguered Nazi gar- rison st Narvik, Norway's Arctic iron sre port. Expected to Seal Fate. Selgure of Gravelines and Dun- kerque, regarded here as a foregone conclusion, was expected to pave the way for a direct assault upon Eng- land. In an effort to cut the Allied forces Radio Reports Mutiny Of 300 Austrians By the Asrociated Press. LONDON, May 27—Britain and her Allies battled savagely on land and sea today to save Calais from the Nazi invaders and, at the ssme time, strengthened English coastal defenses to hurl back into the nar- row channel any attempted thrust at British soil. Naval guns pounded the Nazi columns pressing into the Channel port, just 22 miles from Dover, while the Allied land troops met the ad- vance units in deadly street fighting and the Royal Air Force hammered German airdromes and communica- tions. More speed in training Britain’s reserve man power was demanded by Lord Beaverbrook’s Evening Stand- ard, which declared 750,000 conscripts have not yet been summoned to training stations, and thousands of conu mscript. age have not been regis- T “It seems that the whole system of training needs to be overhauled,” said the Standard. - The Air Ministry announced th: “throughout last night heavy bomb- ers of the Royal Air Force contin- Marmor Palace. He was married June 3, 1933, to Dorothea von Sal- viati, descendant of an dtalian fam- Ttaly to Prussia during the rejgn Wiihelm was born July 4, 1906, in of Prederick the Great. He met her at Bonn, during his student days of 1927-29, and in Bonn they were married. They had two daughters—Prin- (See WILHELM, Page A-¢.) Britain Urges France To Shun Nazi Peace By the Associated Press. LONDON, May: 27—Information Minister Alfred Duff Cooper, broad- casting in French, warmed the MDSMh" people last. night sgainst peace. 3 “Germany,” he said, “has never ? Troops Fall Back To New Line for Coast Defense PARIS, May 27 (®.~The Germans have succeeded in crossing the Lys at several points, a Ministry of Informa- tion spokesman said tonight. By the Associated Press. PARIS, May 27—The Allied armies of the north fell back to- day ynder mass Nazi attacks ri- valing in violence the German World War assaults on Wirdun and took their stand on a new line defending the English Channel. Adolf Hitler speeded his cam- paign to crush the French, Brit- ish and Belgian forces in Flan- ders. Into the drive for a quick decision his commanders threw the old infantry and artillery as well as the new dive bombers and armored columns. The French last night withdrew to new positions in the Valenciennes sector to strengthen their lines while the Germans threw men and ma- terial against the Allied armies around Menin in Belgium. = The battle continued today, with the Allies reported checking the German offensive o the new front. The French said they had taken up prepared positions west of the g ¥ Py rm*mlm'm*'a m-cu""'m'“m""’m“ Tundreds of which stand between them and the English Channel ports rémain- ES 5 - i | It appeared that the Germans were attempting to cut the Allied Army of the north in two by ham- mering through their lines to make connections with their forces in northwestern France which ¢he high command yesterday acknowledged had captured the Channel port of Boulogne, If the Germafs are successful in kept the terms of any peace treaty.” ued their attacks on enemy commu- nications. Airdromes occupied by the He declared that “everything is at stake. * * * United we are bound to enemy in Belgium and Holland also conquer, separated ‘'we might be de- were attacked. We sustained no losses in these operations.” With the battle for the Chanpel ports brought so close that flashes of gunfire on the continent' could stroyed. All Germany’s efforts now are centered upon effecting &°sepa-| ration.” be seen from England's southeast coast, Great Britain intrusted her home defenses to Gen. Sir Ed- mund Ironside and placed Lt. Gen. e S DT S (See LONDON, Page A-5.) By the Associated Press. bloody battle of Flanders today. Mastery of the English Chan- nel and the fate of the so-called War at a_GIanc'e the Channel at its 18-mile-wide bottleneck in the Bapaume-Pe- nmnn e area. 4 i il _TRAPPED ALLIES |C.1..0. Union Law Aimed at ‘Fifth Column’ Wins Committee Approval Lodge Urges Standing Army Be Increased To 750,000, Purchase of 2,000 Tanks Roosevelt Pledges Adequate Defense Will Be Expedited Broadcast Calls for End Of Fears and Warns Against Propaganda (Text of President’s Speech on Page A-11.) Americans must raise their “moral and mental defenses as never before” the “undiluted foreign-sponsored disse: dent Roosevelt warned last night in ‘Pledging that the Nation's armed forces will be built up swiftly to “whatéver héights the future may .o 1 end to p{ Calling for an both “fear {llusion,” the Chief Executive in his 14th radio “fireside ttbere'l:onothlng’w in the emergency y & re- from New Deal social objec- denied charges of some ad- tration critics that money for the Army and Navy since had “gone down the rat-hole,” asserting that instead it had pro- vided the “largest, the best equipped and the best trained peacetime mili- tary establishment in the history of Reports that Congress may be kept in session to raise new taxes to meet the defense program were heard in reliable quarters on Capitol Hill this afternoon as both Houses planned to complete action this week on the series of bills to enlarge the Army and Navy. Legislatio Ries fn: thid countey t es country won Committee toda P it The committee’s action was the | tration first . development on a congres- sional schedule designed to com- | Wi plete action this week on nearly all of the pending bills to build up g i i Eaid Bulletin The House this afternoon passed and sent to the Senate the ‘revised McGehee bill lib- eralizing the District unem- ployment compensation law to increase benefits to the jobless and at the same time reduce the pay roll tax of employers from 3 to 2.7 per cent. Gen. Marshall Warns Against Impatience In Building Defense Should Promise Only What We Can Achieve, Chief_ of Staff Says (Pictures on Page B-1.) - A warning .that impatience on the part of the American people with delays in. overcoming defic- iencies in national defense may be- “a destructive force” sounded by’ Gen. George C. Mar- shall, Army chief of staff, in an address at the opening session of the National Aviation Forum in the Commerce Department Audi- “We must approach this presen situation in a state of calm deter- mination not to be folled' by the emotions of the moment for any of the muititude of difficulties which are certain to be involved in a tre- mendous and. sudden expansion,” declared, “My thought is that-we should promise only what we can reason- expect to achieve. The impulse of patriotic America is a wonderful thing; but its impatience to over- In a solemn appeal for national the President emphasized that “today’s threat to our national security is not a matter of military weapons alone” in clever schemes of foreign agents” to create discord and sap the Na- tion’s strength “at its very roots.” Urges “Mental Defenses.” “We must deal vigorously,” he said, “with spies, saboteurs and trai- tors,” while “our moral and mental defenses must be raised as never be- fore against those who would cast & smoke screen #cross our vision.” “New forces are being Mr. Roosevelt continued, “deliber~ ately planned propagandas to divide and weaken us 1 “A group that may be sectional or racial or political is encouraged to exploit u::: prejudices wppfll: false slogans emotional &, aim of those who deliberately egg on these groups is to create con- fusion of counsel, public indecision, political ‘paralysis and eventually a Di Maggio Hits Homer; Yanks,Lead Nats, 1to 0 .By BURTON HAWKINS, Btar Staff Correspondent. NEW YORK, May 27.—A home run by Di Maggio in the second in- ning gave the Yankees a 1-to-0 lead over the ‘Nationals in the opening game of their series here today. Chase ‘was pitching for Washing- ton and Chandler for New York. ‘State of Emergency’ Declared in Turkey By the Associated Press. LONDON, May 27.—An Exchange Telegraph agency dispatch Istanbul yesterday said Turkey issued an official decree that as from yesterday the nation is in “a state Turkey is a non-belligerent ally of Great Britain and France. e A PR Faw | ~ Summary of Today's Star ‘The President’s address was largely & review of the . i “From Press to Home Within the Hour"" | . gt Mo i e | Star delivered to their évening and Sunday morning, THREE CENTS. Held Not Liable In Apex Strike - 6-to-3 Supreme Court Deciston Refuses Sit-Down Damages By J. A. FOX. ‘The Supreme Court held today that a C. 1. O. union was not liable under the Federal anti- trust laws for damages resulting from a sit-down strike at the plant of the Apex Hosiery Co. of Philadelphia. The court’s 6-to-3 decision in the celebrated strike case was read by Justice Stone. Chief Justice Hughes wrote a dis- senting opinion in which Justices McReynolds and Roberts joined. The court, however, refused to write a blanket immunity for labor {rom the provisions of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act for which unions are contending in the current drive of the Government against abuses n the building industry, Subjéct in Some Cases. “While we must regard the ques- tion whether labor unions are to some extent and in some circum- stances subject to the act as settled in the afirmative,” the court said, “it is equally plain that this court has never thought the act to apply to all labor union activities affect- ing interstate commerce.” Five Roosevelt appointees — Justices Black, Reed, Frankfurter, Douglas and Murphy—joined with Justice Stone in the majority ruling. The Apex company had won a District court verdict for $711,982 damages under the Anti-trust Act after its plant was wrecked by a mob and its business interrupted during a strike in May, 1937. The strike was called by a local of the C. I. O. hosiery workers’ union in an effort to enforce a demand for a The Third Circuit Court of Ap- peals set aside the verdict, however, declaring that the seisure and oc- “If,” the majority said, “without such effects on the market, we were to hold that a local factory strike, stopping production and shipment of its product interstate, violates the Sherman Act, practically every strike in modern industry would be brought within the jurisdiction of the Federal courts, under the Sher- man Act, to remedy local law vio® lations. The act was plainly not intended to reach such a result, its language does not require it, and the course of our decisions pre~ cludes it.” The court’s decision is viewed as of sweeping importance in the light of the Government's present came paign directed at restraints in the building industry. In this campaign prosecutions under the Federal anti- trust laws have been instituted against numerous building - trades tnions of the American Federation of Labor and employer groups in the building industry. ~ “Strikes as agreements not to work,” the court said, “entered into by laborers to compel employers to today | yield to their demands, may restrict to some extent the power of employ= ers who are parties to the dispute to compete in the market with those not subject to such demands. But under the doctrine applied to non- labor cases the mere fact of such restrictions on competition does not in itself bring the parties to the agreement within the condemna- tion of the Sherman Act.” Some U. 8. Efforts Nullified. This principle apparently would nullify the efforts of the Govern-" n ucaeman Fined in Anfi-Trust Case. 2,8 gtgg?g g=35