Evening Star Newspaper, September 17, 1936, Page 5

. REVOLT 1S BASED . ONNANYFACTORS Privileged Minority Held Re- sponsible for Bloodshed in Spain. This is the fourth of a series of uncensored dispatches on under- surface conditions in Spain, writ- ten by Waiter Duranty, famous foreign correspondent, after tra- veling for several weeks through the war-torn provinces of Cata- lonia, Aragon and New Castile. BY WALTER DURANTY. By Radio to The Star. TOULON, France, September 17.— ‘T was sent to Spain to cover a Pascist rebellion which had developed into a | civil war. I found that the rebellion had developed not only into a civil war but into a revolution. On this last point, the rebels are hot incorrect in saying there is a revolution in Spain, but it is not, as they assert, a Marxist Revolution, and, what is more, it is they who have provoked it and made it possible. The facts of the case are plain enough, and cannot be hidden by any cloud of propaganda, however black or inky. Last February, the Spanish people voted for a left democratic govern- ment to replace the right center oligarchy which had held power since the death of Primo de Rivera. The election was free, with no great meas- ure of co-ercion on either side, and i3 verdict, was unmistakable. Amnesty Was Voted, . -Accordingly, the first act of the hew government was a vote of amnesty | for the tens of thousands of political prisoners who had been arrested by the Oligarchy. After that, like the present Blum government in France— elected upon a similar platform—the new regime at Madrid, which, by the way, did not contain a single Socialist, Anarchist or Communist, somewhat cautiously began a program of social Teform. To tell the truth, conditions in Bpain were not greatly different from those which caused the bolshevik revolution, or the French revolution, 130 years earlier. Eight-tenths of the population were peasants, either land- less workers on the estates of great landlords or, at best, small tenants, with a tiny smattering of peasant owners. Another tenth was the urban proletariat, working long hours for low 4 wages. The remainder was made up of | & small Bourgeois class and a still smaller ultra-privileged minority who' owned practically everything in sight ' and profited unconscionably from the sweat and toil of the people. Last, out not least, there was the church, which had become the' greatest single proprietor of landed. ! 1 financial and industrial wealth. have been told the church owned one- third of all the wealth in Spain. Perhaps this is an exaggeration, but there is no doubt its holdings were ! enormous and disproportionate. In Madrid alone, it controlled banks, | special privileges previously enjoyed | 1 £as | by the military clique, the church, the works and electric light and power |jandlords and the barons of industry, | street railroads and subways, plants, besides millions of acres of land throughout the country. the phrase; that is to say, a great majority of the population had been | 80 exploited by the special privileges | of the minority that it felt it had little to lose but its chains. 3 | government ! The “frente popular” knew this well enough. It saw that something must be done to curb spe- cial privilege., and began, therefore, somewhat cautiously, as I have said, | had no such excuse for action. In short, here was a revolutionary | put, by a curious paradox, their action | situatior in the true Marxist sense of | skelter and brought into being the ! Enters Politics “FLOGGING” VICTIM RUNS FOR STATE HOUSE. WILLIE SUE BLAGDEN, The 29-year-old social worker, who claimed several months ago to have been flogged by a band of men near Earle, Atk., is shown as she opened her campaign for a seat in the Tennessee House of Repre- sentatives on the Socialist ticket. —Copyright, A. P. Wirephoto. for July 26, but that the political as- sassination of one of their prominent supporters in Madrid led their hot heads to strike too soon. At any rate, their rebellion was speedily crushed in Madrid, Barcelona, Malaga and Valencia, although it was completely successful in Spanish Af- rica, and, for the most part, in Navarre, which is the Vendee of Spain—Catholic and counter-revolu- tionary. The rebels, so they say, struck to prevent a revolution, although actually the mild republican government of Spain was far from revolutionary, and, at most, was only attempting to avert revolution by some curtailments, which circumstances had rendered neces- sary, of the power of the ultra-privi- leged minority. Before the rebels struck, there was no class war in Spain, but their action precipitated it immediately. There Wwas no revolution or sign of revolution, but their action made a revolution. And last, but not least, there was no Spanish Lenin preaching revolution. There is a certain superficial com- parison between the Fascist rebellion in Spain and the action of Gen. Korniloff in Russia in the Summer of 1917, when he tried tc impose a mili- tary dictatorship upon Kerensky, who, like the Spanish “Frente popular” government, wished to avert a revo- lution. But Lenin and his bolsheviks wete a far greater threat to demo- | cratic government, or, if one cares to | use the phrase, to a capitalistic regime, than the Leftist supporters of zhe| “Frente popular.” The Spanish rebels However much they may try to dis- guise it, their movement was a frank attempt to restore or maintain the finance and business. In other words, they were trying to set the clock back, drove the clock forward helter- verv revolution against which they professed to be fighting. \Coepyright, 1936, by the North American Newspaper Alilance, lnc.) Roosevelt’s Speech | NG _STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 17, 1936. AGREEMENT MADE INFRENCH STRIKE Textile Employes Win 6% Increase in Pay—Posters Incite Disorder. By the Associated Press. PARIS, September 17.—French gov- ernment officials late today an- nounced an agreement had been reached to settle the troublesome strike of thousands of Lille textile workers. Minister of the Interior Roger Salengro said only a few minor points remain to be ironed out. ‘The employes, occupying their estab- lishments in @ new strike wave which has spread to 25,000 textile workers, demanded application of the 40-hour week provided by a new law and wage increases. The mil! owners asked evacuation of the mills and a guaran- tee the workers’ union would not usurp the authority of employers. Under the preliminary agreement announced this evening the strikers won a 6 per cent wage increase, effective October 1, but acceded to employers’ restrictions on the designa- tion of labor delegates within the factories. While the negotiations proceeded, police guards scurried to stations in front of posters spread through- out Paris by Col. Francois de la Rocque, Rightist leader, which warned in vivid letters: “The Popular Front Has Deceived!” Crowds of curi- ous gathered about them. A single word, “Mobilization!” was at the top of the placards, which added: “Frenchmen, Do You Want to See that Call on Your Walls?” Then the posters went on to say France was more isolated in a rearming Europe than ever before, charged the cost of living had mounted higher than the pay increases brought by the Blum government, and concluded with an appeal for Frenchmen to adhere to the De la Rocque party. LUMBER MILLWORK BUILDING MATERIALS When you need lumber ond ma- terials for repairs come to J. Frank Kelly, Inc. Here, under ene roof, | choose from @ complete stock et reasonable prices. We cater to small orders and guarantee entire sotisfacti plus free delivery. For | our help- Roosevelt Speech Text President, in Address to Human Needs Conference, Says Upswing Imposes Greater Duty . On Private Charity. The text of President Roosevelt's address this morning to the fifth an- nual meeting of the Mobilization for Human Needs, follows: Chairman Swope, ladies and gen- tlemen: Once more I greet the representa- tives of our great annual Mobilization for Human Needs. We are all heartened by clear evi- dences of returning prosperity. You are here in spite of that fact and be- cause of that fact. Returning pros- perity means that you have a right | to expect greater assistance for your splendid work in every community. Returning prosperity means, however, that & vast amount of important work which all of us had to defer during the depression years, can and must be taken up anew. As I told you in former years, when human distress reaches the point that Government assistance is necessary, Government up to the limit of its local, its State and its Federal re- sources must and does act. Happily, private organizations are now in a better position to accomplish greater things than for many years past. In- crease in prosperity heightens the ob- ligation of every individual to aid in the relief of distress in his or her own community. Through you I appeal to every man, woman and child in the United States for a revival throughout the length and breadth of the land of the spirit of charity. But “revival” is not e right word—for in the difficult years which have passed that spirit of char- ity showed itself unselfishly and gen- erously. Increase of the spirit of charity would be a better way of put- ting it—for I am very proud of the support of the country’s welfare serv- ices of all kinds in the past seven years. I resent and you resent, I am sure, those supercilious and uncharitable sneers which from a small element among us have been directed against those in need and against those who were honestly seeking to help those in need. The co-operation given by the Fed- eral Government in social welfare ac- tivities extends rather than contracts the responsibility of private activities for local relief. 4 Since the low point of the depres- YOU do not pay any interest or carrying charges. YOU can buy whatever you wish with small weekly pay- ments, YOU receive 1009 service when you buy frem ROSS. COMPLETE WITH CASE 75¢ A WEEK Ideal for home and school use. A complete typewriter at a moder« ate price. Has four- row standard key- board, ballbearing care riage, capital and small letters, and many other features, Comes complete with case. NO INTEREST OR CARRYING CHARGES sion great and substantial progress has been made. The national income will soon be double what it was then. Nearly six million more men and women are now at work in private industry. Three million others are en- gaged in useful work provided or as- sisted by Government. Factory pay rolls the first quarter of this year were more than $70,000,000 greater each week than they were in the first quarter of 1933, Systematic and suc- cessful efforts to raise the buying power of wage earners and farmers have increased the business of mer- chants and brought orders to manu- facturers. Confidence has returned to the great mass of our people, conf. dence on the part of all except a small |- minority who seek to profit from the preaching of fear. Personal and family insecurity—that difficult problem of past years—your Government has undertaken at least to dissipate in part by the enactment of the social security act, providing for co-operative Federal and State public welfare, public assistance, un- employment compensation and old-age benefits. To the extent that local and State and Federal Government helps in these fields, to that extent private welfare activities are freed from these appropriately public responsibilities and, therefore, are enabled more effectively ana extensively to do those things which private activities are best fitted to carry out. Efforts of private agencies to en- courage private re-employment of De Not Nesgleet Arthritis nds suffering from arthri- have found relief Valley Mineral W, . D ing. Endorsed by ph for over 30 years. Phone Calvert 3080 for booklet. Mountain Valley Mineral Water Met. 1062 1405 K St. N.W, those on the relief rolls; efforts of private agencies to continue and ex- ten medical care of all kinds; efforts of private agencies to minister to the hundreds of thousands of case; which present special problems; efforts of private agencies to bulld up recrea- tional opportunities—all of these and many more are tasks more fitted w!-ccevt | people is a fine tradition—we have never falled to heed the call of dis- tress. I have confidence that the appeal about to be launched for this fifth mobllization for human needs will strike a responsive chord through- out the country. I know that the men and women of the Nation will their local responsibilities private than to Government admin- | even more readily than they have istration. The nerosity of our Amerk to COLLEGE? A City Bank savings or check- ing account, years ago, might have solved the financial problem you haven’t saved the neces- sary money, PERSONAL LOAN will you the needed funds for this ‘Qul:’kly ] ond economical. makers. The CITY Bank @ 9th and Mass. A ever done before, ccess you deserve May you have the started several But if a CITY BANK give or any other purpose ranted, easy to repay Only two co- ® 8th and G Sts. S.E. 10th and Pa. Ave. N “As You Like It” Instead of tuning your decoration to suit a stock effect in Furniture, Sloane facilities make it possible for you to adopt any of the famous Sloane master- pieces of design and mastercraftsmanship in Uphol- stered Furniture to the scheme of your home. Cus- tom-tailored pieces — choosing coverings from a thousand—and more—smart samples—at only the additional cost of its fabrics—with ' no charge for Albeit—it's the Finest Furniture in the labor. America. You'll find it interesting. to redress the more obvious grievances ‘ I" P'ltSb" rgh Due ful counsel ond f stimate of the of the Spanish masses. It introduced | TO 'Vie With Knox‘ cost. Come in or phone us. We're laws to provide by purchase of land I glad to serve you. for the pasants, to increase wages and | diminish the Labor day of the indus- | 1 trial proletariat, to restrict the holdings | ’;:—:—g:v;::m&pumur i | Frank Knox, the Republican nominee | Zinanceisncilig ibuynes ! for Vice President, are scheduled to make addresses in Pittsburgh on the | ght of October 1. | Under Primo De Rivera the military leaders had been an essential part of | o the regime. They were hardly less | | 50 under the right republican oli-| John Harris, president of Duquesne | INC. garchy which followed Rivera’s death. ! Gardens, the city's largest auditorium, | Lumbgr .nd M[“work The advent to power of the “frente Said the Republicans leased it two | 2121 Ga. Ave. NOrth 1341 popular” shoved them off into the | Weeks ago for the appearance of Knox. ! background, and they did not like it. | The auditorium has a seating capac- | &3¢ Hamilton Furness Ber- Whitehall St., New York. The consequence was that, in the ItV of about 8,000, compared with 5000 months between the February elec-|S€ats at two other available meeting RESORTS, i p I ATLANTIC CITY, N. J. \ | any remodeling work, | | tion and the July rebellion, the forces| Places. of reaction—the military clique, the The President is scheduled to arrive church, the great landlords and the | here about 8 p.m., after an appearance big business and financial interests— | 8t EIkins, W. Va. This is about the drew together. They refused to ad- | time Col. Knox is expected to begin | mit that the measures which the gov- | SPeaking. ernment was taking were so far from revolutionary that they might dimin- 1sh popular discontent and avert revo- lution.* Emboldened by Examples. Emboldened by the example of Mus- solin and Hitler, they said, as I have | o heard it said by similar reactionaries | elsewhere, “This regime is making a revolution at our expense. To prevent it we must fight.” ! It was not true in Spain, but the | reactionary forces of Spain were stronger than those of France or the United States and far more accus- | tomed to authority over their coun- | i i ! try. They saw how cautiously the| P 5 - p = “frente popular” government was mov- : ATLANTIC CITY ing, and they knew how deep were | {{ OCEAN SUN DECKS - SEA WATER BATHS the idological and political differences | BATHING DIRECT FROM HOTEL of the various units which composed it. GARAGE ON PREMISES So they decided to strike a blow for power, and struck on July 19. I have been tcld that their move was premature, that their “day” was set | Wing and Easy Chairs Standish—a Sioane lonial school with g Honduras mahogan Muslin Sofas and Love Seats Colan Sofa—one of the most popular because one of the most comfortable models Muslin ---.§97.50 Teresty ----$130 Waokefield Sofa—another of the endearingly popu- lar models. Musin- -~ §118§ Kenmore Sofa—in the graceful Queen Anne model with carved cabriole legs. Down cush Muslin 4_.3128 Freize 3185 Nestbury Sofa—a graceful roli-back model with curved arms, with its Sloane correct pitch to back ond seat. Down cushions, Muslin $110 Yorkshire Sofa—so smartly designed that it will fit o modern scheme; or is built with separote down- filled pillow back and down-filled seat cushions. Muslin Rose Domosk--§215 Burton Sofa—an English model with graceful roll- back, deep seat and low arms. Down cushions Muslin ation cof the ear'y Co- BERMUDA VIA FURNE 10 abric'e legs of solid {fip, with private bath, Freqiient. sail S o Farragut—barrel « { for comfort. Solid Honduras mahogany; cabriole legs; down-filled cushi Brocade Melbury—a Chinese Chippendale wing chair with graceiully curved wings and orms. Solid mahogany base; down-filled cushion, Muslin - 869,50 Beioe Torestr/- §85 A Queen Anne model with Kenmore—easy chair. ; shell carved cabriole legs. An ideal reading chair, Down cushion. Muslin Velvet Topestry Fulton—club chair. A pillow-back lounging chair; down-filled seat cushions. Muslin ""85"50 Colon Chair—famous for its comfort. ond lounging model. Down cushion. Muslin Damask if Your Watch Is [ Worth Repalring [RE —1t ls worih repairing properly. are sure of ex| wer Eun".ul'.hp’.n:-m CASTELRERG'S 1004 F St. N.W. Domask A reading Clyde Easy Chair—with English roll-back, especially designed os a lounging chair. Built-in spring back, down-filled seat cushion. Musiin —---$64.50 modern oil burner. That is why the world’s leading oil organization put the mark ““Esso” on the burner. Startling engineering advances have brought an amazing new oil burner, so much more complete, so far ahead Colon Love Seat—can be used singly or in pairs. Like the Colan Chair, supremely comfortable. Musin —.-§59,§0 Domosk ---§92.50 SEPTEMBER voothe perfect month... Damask railroad rates - - W s ates at Jow living ¥ HOTEL Weekly rates as low as $20 including meals MRS. YON AND SONS <= A= aXPrm D> R LT 3 Cottares and Apis. ermiiede: ed) ‘at. vers reasonable cott: in trouble-free, low-cost operation that it upsets all old standards of value in the industry. Over 40 years of burner experience have gone into the Essoburner and years of solid enjoyment will come. out of it. It’s an amazing oil saver. It's built extra strong for long, enduring service. Essoburner is worthy of themark of feadership. There’s a size exactly suited to your needs at a price you can afford to pay—a size to fit any furnace—also complete oil burn- ing boiler and warm air condition- ing units. You owe it to yourself to investi- Astor Love Seat—a replica of the famous original Beoutifully carved; solid Amazon mahogany; brass claw feet. Muslin Damask $150 London Chair—o real man’s chair, built for his comfort, with ottached down-filled back cushion; low orms, deep seat with down-filled cushion, Muslin Topestry $84 Charge Accounts Courtc'sy Parking While shopping here, park in the Copital Garoge at our expense. W.&]J. 711 Twelfth St. gate our remarkable offer. End fur- nace drudgery! Write, phone or call today! MONTCLAIR St ington Avanve ot 49th bl Now York CitY make @ i [ ‘ York jrresistible ! The many exclusive and pat- ented features of the Essoburner make it stand out as today’s most MAIL THIS COUPON Get the facts from sales offices listed below ESSO MARKETERS OIL HEATING DIVISION STANDARD OIL COMPANY OF NEW JERSEY 361 Comstitation Ave N.W.. Washington. D. C. ANNAPOLIS UTILITIES, INCORPORATED 126 West Street, Annopolis, Md. Telephone Annapolis 123 | Gladly opened, with settlements are ranged for your convenience. SL o e s e onl s e ny of New Jerse. 261 Constitution Avenue N.W.. Washington, D. C. it bligation, please send full information m:}‘n‘ ': : n:l‘v. li-oh’nmcr and your United Re- sponsibility Plan of installation. Nam. Weonderful and Spectacular ON U. 8. 11, NEW MARKET, VIRGINIA — Write for Free Diustrated Bookiet 4 esch with bath,shower, radio. Single from $2.50, double from $3.50. DINE ot CASINO MONTCLAIR " .,