Evening Star Newspaper, September 13, 1936, Page 3

U. S, TRADE CUT BY WAR N SPAIN - Commerce Department Fig- ures Show Decrease of 60 Per Cent. By the Associated Press. The first picture of how the civil war has cut into American trade with Spain was drawn today in Commerce Department statistics. Coincidentally, in response to in- quiries, Shipping Board Bureau of- ficials sald that although no new steps were being taken to discourage Amer- ican shipping to Spain the ship lines “know our attitude” of support for the.| tountry’s neutrality program. Earlier, the board had requested ship lines in which the Government has & financial interest not to carry cargoes to “dangerous” Spanish ports. ‘The Spanish conflict started about July 18, but for the month of July the department reported exports to Spain totalled $1,014,000, compared with $2,- 662,000 in June and $2,626,000 in July, 1935. These figures represented de- clines of about 60 per cent and ran counter to a general upturn in both imports and exports to all countries. Imports from Spain were listed at $1,164,000 last July, $1,888,000 in June and $1,410,000 in July, 1935. Department figures showed that principal exports to Spain are unman- ufactured cotton, gasoline, electrical equipment and radio apparatus, motor trucks, and buses” and automotive parts for assembly. July figures were not broken down, however, to show whether exports of “war materials” had increased. Among the most important imports | are olives and olive oil, wine and goat and kid skins. July statistics for other countries showed an advance in trade with Can- ada and the United Kingdom over the same month a year ago. Exports to South America increased, | but imports fell off. - Increases were | listed in both classifications for Japan, Germany and China. ‘Total imports for the month were shown in earlier figures to have ex- ceeded exports by $14,286,000. This compared with a $3,401,000 excess of imports for the same month a year ago. Budget (Continued from First Page.) @ skeleton budget, allowing only for maintenance and operation, such im- | provements as come under the water | and gasoline special funds, “fixed” charges for completion of improve- ments started this year, and similar fontractual obligations. At the same time, the Commission- #rs will frame a supplementary budget, also to be forwarded in the near fu- ture to the Budget Bureau, which will include items for capital improve- ments, expansion of services and per- sonnel expenses they deem should be provided for next year. ‘The size of the supplementary budget will be determined by the Com- missioners after they have called de- partment heads before them to detail Justifications for requests. These pri- vate hearings are to be started this week. ‘The Commissioners have announced their determination to make deep cuts in the additional $18,000,000 sought by the departments, but they also have indicated they feel the back-log of de- mands of the District, nevertheless, will require a large increase. A commission named by President Roosevelt now is engaged in a com- prehensive survey to determine what the Federal payment should be. The President is expected to forward rec- ommendations to Congress soon after it convenes in January. The plan would be for Congress to consider the primary budget, which would provide for little more than bare subsistence, and to take up the supplemental one after considering the Federal payment. Decision on that point then would indicate if ad- ditional taxes were essential and how much could be spent for capital im- provements, the Commissioners be- lieve. Meanwhile, the Commissioners’ Tax .30, Col LOST. in CASE_Biack; Union Station. Sep- tember 2: contains legal papers. Reward. Call District 4911, Bxt. POCKETBOOK—On K st. n.w_ Call eve- Dings sfter 6:30, Columbis 1ig7-W.__*_ CARD CASE. mmn; dnnn permit. other cards. name Phone National 0072 or o Rbams. 7695, 145 ALSE TOOTH, with gold CllmD Reward. Addrr_u Box 245-A. Star office. TERRIER—Large white nule black lnd white face, black spot on back. bob tail: name “Bub”: no collar: $50 reward, 221‘ 18th st. Col._5010. Hopkin! TERRIER, male, named ‘“Dixie": Toite. WIth brown cars: average size. Re- ward. Phone Atlantic -J. FOCRETBOOK. dark_brown, folds over: containing $20 bill. Reward for return to 238 Md. ave. n.e. 13¢ Blue. containing giasses and cash; iday. 14th st. car. Pinder keep cash. re- turn_giasses. Georsia 3157 SUIT CASE—Black, conhlnm! Sreherita: tions. Sb n'-rd Potomac 2790. 170 Adams st Black_walrus. , 8t. Oateteria, 7 B, Dlease tes Hotel. on 14th and De- 6:20 p.m. Call VELING BAG. 1475 Tarh in frone of 17eh, B Titn v Frida S Mitchell, wi WRIST 'WAm—my catur car. between. 1 Adams 8550, after 7. SPECIAL NOTICES. L FOT SE RESFONSIBLE OB ANY ebts contracted by any one other than my: . THOMAS F. WHALEN, 1511:. 8 e hile or ‘was sotnt - ntared: caretul owner. driver: - North G553, 'COUNTY CURED HAMS. 40c PER .} eon' better. P. W. McCAULEY, Bxi.l. SPECIAL RETURN-] m and Dln loads to ifpomu 'lmfl 1. s in; llfl n. 'lllfllll l‘ofl E’al_ga S e, M Some tree-ripened gfl"" uflnu. llarthwemm crrvmn . Md.. lnmfil‘&l d.WILW “"‘»’l';.‘h for S8 Wotan Bandie bt "auloker ang ""fl and white, "”“.E:% Columbia P B0 L Bt. NE \ Revenue Committee would have in hand suggestions for additional taxes, if they are needed, and the city heads would be ready to propose new levies or increased taxes if the call comes for them. This is the present plan. Future developments will determine if it can be followed. Even the proposed “bed-rock” pri- mary budget, however, | some vacant spots, according to sta- tistics submitted at the hearings by Maj. Daniel J. Donovan, officer. Primary Budget Size. For instance, the proposed $40,000,- 000 primary budget would be nearly $2,000,000 over the net general fund now anticipated for the next fiscal year. The significant fact is that maintenance and operating costs for this year amount to $34,262,560. The net general revenue fund for next year is calculated at but $32,385,000, leav- ing & $2,000,000 deficit, which would have to be made up somehow. These estimates are subject to change and there may be a solution in this posibility. The net general fund revenue for next year is arrived at by making allowances for such “fixed” charges 8s wiping out the deficit of $1,400,000 now expected to exist at the end of this fiscal year; repayment of $1,000,000 for the P. W. A. loans; repayment of $300,000 under the Cap- per-Cramton park extension program; completion of the new Police Court Building, $500,000; completion of the new Petworth Branch Library, $75,000; completion of construction at the Vocational School for Girls, $180,- 000; payment of half the cost of Freedmen's Hospital, $160,000, and de- ficiency items, claims and judgments, $350,000. ‘The public hearings on the budget just concluded were rather overshad- owed by intermittent talk of new taxes. Maj. Donovan flatly suggested adoption of a graduated-weight tax on motor vehicles as a substitute for the present personal property levy on cars as a means of collecting an addi- tional $1,000,000 a year from automo- bile owners. Commissioners Hazen and Allen both indicated by cross-examination of several witnesses that they are con- sidering throwing the gasoline-tax rev- enues into the general fund. Hazen has suggested an increase in the gasoline tax and Allen recently men- tioned the possibility of an income tax. If the Commissioners determine later additional revenues are needed, over and above whatever is decided as to the Federal payment, present prospects are they will be in this or- der of preference: An inheritance tax, which would permit the District (just as the States) to take a credit up to 80 per cent of what is derived from the Federal levy on estates. Either an automobile weight tax or an additional cent on the gaso- line tax, Increased levies on utilities, or an income tax as s substitute for the intangible personal property levy. Tax Rate Boost Opposed. All District officials insist the real estate tax rate should not be boosted. A number of spokesmeh for or- ganized civic bodies said at the hear- ings they would accept increased taxes if they were found necessary to meet Government demands. About ment. Among the latter was Edwin S. Hele, pnddgnt of the Chevy Chase SOLD, SERVICED AND INSTALLED BY 4 James E. Colliflower & CO,, INC, Execlusive Representative Show Rooms 2703-5 Fourteenth Street N.W, would leave | budget | Former Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia shown as he watched the horse show at Bath England, recently. —Wide World Photo. ommended the Federal should be $10,000,000. K. P. Armstrong, representing the Burroughs Citizens' Association, also warned against increased taxes and | urged the Commissioners to continue | their campaign for a larger Federal payment. Ray H. Everett, secretary of the Social Hygiene Society, appeared yes- | terday to plead for funds for con= struction of two new health centers, at a cost of $250,000 each, as re- quested by Health Officer George C. Ruhland. He argued that timely treatment of social diseases would reduce by 10 or 12 per cent the num- ber of cases of insanity sent to St. Elizabeth's Hospital and thereby cut District costs. Marvin M. McLean, spokesman for the Brookland Citizens’ Association, asked the Commissioners to approve the estimates submitted by the School | Board and the Health Department and suggested adoption of an in- | heritance tax, an additional 1 cent on the gasoline tax, a weight tax on commercial trucks and an income tax if additional revenues are found nec- essary. JUVENILE AGENCIES IN NEW AFFILIATION Conference Drops Penal Connec- tions to Become Part of Edu- cational Unit. By tre Associated Press. CHICAGO, September 12. — The National Conference of Juvenile Agencies today cut away from its par- ent organization, the American Prison Association Congress, on the grounds that correctional institutions, which the conference represented were be- coming educational rather than penal. ‘The conference voted to join the National Conference of Social Work. The separation resolution, presented by Paul Blanford of Virginia at the second day of the conference’s thirty- third annual convention, emphasized a desire to continue “any form of co-operation possible” with the prison group, but held that “consistency’ 'de- manded a shift of affiliation. Lovell Bixby of the United States Prison Buresu predicted that progress of correctional and penal methods would be “definitely retarded” as a result of the split. ‘ He credited the juvenile group with leading the prison reform move- ment into higher ground and pleaded that this lead be continued. payment Connecticut Avenue Association Sets Event October 14. The fifth semi-annual fashion show of the Connecticut Avenue Association will be held at the Mayflower Hotel on October 14. President C. E. Martin appointed Max Tendler chairman of the Ar- rangements Committee, to be assisted by Lawrence E. Rubel, Louis E. Mas- sey, Harry Kronheimer, Kitty Schwab, Lew S. Birns, Jack Rollins, Robert of Paris, Charles A. Camalier, Rachel Sheldon and Mrs. Gude Thomas. PAINT Decorate your home or office walls with the modern casein paint—New unseasoned plaster, indr woll - board, concrete or Celotex coated without - usuol sizing—No brush lops. ROYAL COTE FLAT PAINT quickly—No edor—Can be re- mhl within_ several 1 —sight soft tints and white— Come in to see this paint on our -‘ dfin Paint- Advice Free 710 13th N.W. FASHION SHOW PLANNED |E CTYHEADSADMIT | King Views War Strength DANGER AT LORTON Hazen and Allen Plan to Remedy Situation at First Opportunity. BY JAMES E. CHINN. Aroused by the dangerous situation at District penal institutions due to overcrowding of prisoners and an un- dermanned guard force, Commission- ers Melvin C. Hazen and George E. Allen announced yesterday that steps would be taken to remedy the condi- tions at the first opportunity. Commissioners Allen and Hazen both pointed out they have been aware for some time of the seriousness of the situation, but have been unable to order improvements because of the lack of appropriations. A recent series of articles in The Star showed 150 guards, divided into three 8-hour shifts, are respon- sible for 2,700 inmates, 20 of whom are serving life terms. The stories also disclosed the crowded conditions in the dormitories resulting from an unprecedented increase in the popula- tion of the penal institutions, and called attention to the vital needs of a tuberculosis hospital at the reforma- tory, and additional quarters for women prisoners. Allen Issues Statement. Commisisoner Allen, who has direct,| supervision over the penal institutions, issued the following statement: “Like every other District lmmu- tion and agency, the penal institu- tions at Lorton and Occoquan have long needed more money to carry on their activities and to meet ever-in- creasing demands. “The situation at both the work- house and reformatory is serious be- cause of the overcrowding of inmates and the shortage of guards. More dormitories are needed at both insti- tutions. Especially urgent is a tu- berculosis hospital for the more than 50 tubercular-infected inmates, so they may be isolated and treated. “The guard problem likewise is acute. Less than 200 guards are re- sponsible for maintaining discipline among 2,700 inmates. To me, it is amazing that those in charge of the penal institutions have been able to maintain peace and order with such a dangerously undermanned staff of guards. Money Is Needed. “As the Commissioner supervising the District’s welfare agencies, I feel | that conditions at both the reforma- tory and work house should be cor- rected as soon as is possible. But money is needed. “The Board of Commissioners now is struggling with the problem of mak- ing the District budget in the coming fiscal year fit the estimated revenue available. The department heads alone have asked for mcre than $18,- 000,000 in the coming fiscal year than can be provided with the estimated in- come. “If the District can get the revenue it needs, I am confident conditions at the penal institutions will be reme- died without delay.” Commissioner Hazen said he would join Allen in bringing about an im- provement in the conditions at botn the reformatory and workhouse. “I have followed closely the ever- increasing population at the work- house and reformatory and the seri- ous conditions that have resulted,” Hazen said, “but the Commissioners have been unable to make any move to remedy them without funds. Pays Tribute to Force, “I have expected trouble for some time, and the fact that it has not developed is due, I believe, to the efficient administration of the penal institutions. It is urgent that more guards be employed and that addi- tional accommodations be provided. T will certainly do all in my power to see that the conditions are corrected if we can get the funds to do it.” The 1938 budget estimates now be- fore the Commissioners call for ap- propriations totaling $709,347 for the reformatory and workhouse. This is an increase of nearly $300,000 over the appropriations for the current fiscal year. The additional $300,000, however, will not provide all of the urgently needed improvements, but it will enable penal authorities to initi- ate & program that will reduce cone gestion in the overcrowded dormie tories, and strengthen the danger- ously undermanned guard staff. DR. GEWEHR.TO LECTURE Masons to Hear Talk on Condi- tions in Spain. Dr. William M. Gewehr, interna- tional speaker, who has just returned from Spain, will give a lecture on con- ditions there at a meeting of the La- fayette Chapter, No. 5, R. A. M., at 8 p.l:u Tuesday, at the Masonic Tem- HEIL OIL BURNERS DEPENDABLE ECONOMICAL GUARANTEED Wm. KING & SON Established 1835 100 YEARS OF SERVICE 1151 16th Street District 8223 HOME LOANS to build or refinance INTEREST 5 % $7.50 PAYMENTS -l«l- per $1,000 COLUMBIA BUILDING ASSOCIATION 716 11th St. NW. King Victor Emmanuel of Ital, (right) shown chatting with Marshal Balbo at the large military maneuvers held recently at Avellino, Italy. ~—Wide World Photo. Rebel Resistance in Madrid Grows Under New Government After traveling several weeks in Spain, through Catalonia, Aragon and New Castile provinces, with a visit to Madrid, Walter Duranty, Jamous foreign correspondent, has made his way to France in order to write an uncensored account of the under-surface conditions that he observed in the war-torn coun= try. This is the first of a series of dispatches in which Mr. Duranty will give a vivid picture of the cone flict in Spain. BY WALTER DURANTY. ‘TOULON, France, September 12 (By Wrieless) —The struggle in Spain has two things in common with the civil wars of China and Russia. It | is fought with words more than with bullets and there are a score of pris- oners and non-combatants killed for every soldier wounded. Take, for instance, the scrap around Talavera, which the rebel commu- niques announced as decisive bat- tle for Madrid.” The facts are these: On September 3 a rebel force 1000 strong suddenly attacked the center of the loyalist front between Talavera, which is 65 miles from Madrid, and Oropesa, with considerable support from airplanes, artillery and armored cars. The Loyalists held the “front,” which is a series of machine gun posts and rifle pits, without barbed wire, with about 4,000 men, mostly ‘devoid of military training or knowledge. Under shell fire far less heavy than a morning’s average on a quiet sec- tor in France in the World War, the Loyalist center became panic-stricken and the wings followed it hastily in retreat. The Rebels occupied Tala- vera without resistance, although the town was not jll prepared for defense, and swept on across &n usdemolished bridge over the River Tagus along the road to Madrid to a point 13 miles beyond Talavera, where they halted breathless. Raids b} Blackamoors. Meanwhile, the Moorish Blacka- moors, with curved knives, massa- cred, raped and looted in Talavera— I talked with refugees and what they | said was dreadful—to their heart's content. Irun fell the same morning and the double-check forced Madrid into replacing the puppet government | of Premier Giral by Largo Caballero’s outfit, which is much more representa- tive of popular sentiment. The first act of the new govern- ment was to appoint a’general staff— hitherto lacking—with the mission of establishing liaison, also lacking, be- tween the different units at the| front. Believe it or not, at 4 o'clock on | the morning of September 4, when the new government was really formed, no one in Madrid knew where the enemy was on the Talavera front | despite frantic telephoning. But Ca-| ballero has nerve for all his 67 years. Before 10 o'clock he had rushed 4,000 troops from Madrid to the scene of action in motor busses and trucks, with a thousand more from Toledo. The loyalists counter-httacked that afternoon and threw back the rebels to the outskirts of blazing Talavera, but were unable to cross the bridge over the Tagus. Since then the fight- ing has been stabilized at Pemint, about 60 miles from Madrid. The loyalists now have 10 or 12 thousand men in line with a fair supply of artillery and armored cars and good support from the Madrid military airdrome, Loyalists Learn Fast. The loyalists are full of enthu- siasm and, though they have much to learn, they are learning fast. Thus orders are now being given against bunching vehicles and troops in little squares or in narrow streets, such as I saw a few days ago in the town of Santolalla, not far from the Tala- vera front, which offered the world's finest target to a rebel bombing plane which was then spraying the road a few miles to the west. Just as the Santolalla commandant, beside himself with anxiety, was yelling to have the town cleared, a squad- ron of planes from Madrid drove off the enemy with a few bursts of ma- chine gun fire. As far as I could see, Gen. Franco's “decisive battle for Madrid” is little more than an outpost skirmish and his boasted junction with Gen. Mola's troops in the Sierra Degrados is only & meeting of mountain patrols. The rebels look good on paper, with & quarter circle against Madrid from the north to the west, but they have only 20,000 men on a 100-mile “front” trying to advance in hostile territory against vastly superior numbers. True, Gen. Mola's forces in the region of Escorial are only 27 miles from Madrid. ‘True, the rebels there have the initia- tive and the country between Escorial- Guadarrama and Madrid, between HOUSES WANTED SALE OR RENT CITY AND SUBURBS We Can Be of Service to You If You List Your Property With Us. RAHUMPHRIEG 60,000 People Can’t Be Wrong ANY MAKE FRENCH GERMAN SPANISH SPECIAL TO SEPTEMBER ENTRANTS l.r CO.PLET‘ SCHOOL-YEAR COURSE (Sept. 14-July 3) CLASSES PRIVATE 2 lessons wky. $75 | 1 lesson why. $85 4 lessons wk. $150 | 2 lessons wk. $170 Regjstration Fee $10, g0-Minute Sessions—Native | Ty Mhen 51 45 AN PM. Small Classes % 0, BN, sclool. cr ~EANGUACES ome year Est. 19 BRING THIS COUPON Monday and Tuesday S)m-l ANY SHAPE CRYSTAL ANY MAIN SPRING. FREE Bring yeur wateh, have it regulated right ’s Largest Watch Repair Compan 15 ADAMS 804 F St. N.W. NA. 2032 Mrs. L—is a Diligent Duster Shades DO collect dust .. . yet housewife even the most careful either neglects or CAN'T keep them clean. | BUT . . . Oh, how spotless your home 'is when you have long-wearing DUPONT TONTINE SHADES . . . thdy { may be scrubbed as often as you like ‘with soap and water without cracking. Let { us give you an estimate. Talavera and Toledo, and between Toledo and Madrid, offers few natural obstacles, But time is working for the Loyalists despite the rebels’ better discipline and equipment, pecause each day that passes helps the government’s levies to get “blooded” and to add the training and knowledge of war to their undoubted enthusiasm. Here come in what Bismarck called “the imponder- ables” or the moral factor that counts most in war. I have seen the enthu- siasm which greeted the new govern- ment and the dense crowds frantically cheering the departure of each group of reinforcements for the Talavera front. There is a shortage of milk, meat and butter in Madrid because of the cutting off of the northern dairy country, and at first the city’s popula- tion was startled by the air raids or, rather, by the sirens which, like those on New York ambulances, only loud- er and more mournful and more pro- longed, announced coming air raids. Then the people found that the air raids did only trifiing damage and they reacted with furious anger. The city's temper has hardened and today there is no thought of compromise which, it is whispered, was entertained by some members of the former gov- ernment. From a strictly military standpoint, anything like a siege of Madrid seems 3 A-3 impossible, but® should it occur it would only toughen the popular res v sistance. The situation, however, is. . 80 far from that—despite the rebe] 7 communiques—that the train in- -~ which I left Madrid a few days ago was half empty and life in the city was proceeding normally. Last, but i not least, there is another factor that* % is cardinal in importance. One of the high officials of the new government complained to me of the aid given to the rebels by Germany, Italy and Portugal. t is your ace of trumps,” I told him, “and you must keep on playing it. It was foreign intervention which enabled the bole sheviks to beat their white opponents, and your Spaniard is far more s nationalist in feeling than the Russian, You should rejoice at foreign inter vention—it will win the war for you.” Wopyright, 1936, by the North American Newspaper Alliance, Inc.) N s Yacht Engineer Drowned. WASHINGTON, N. C., September 12 (#).—Engineer Emory Fulford, 30, was drowned when the yacht Old Glory, owned by Capt. R. B. Bur- roughs, sank yesterday after an ex- plosion near the mouth of Rose Bay. " The 75-foot craft, used as a ferry bee tween Swan Quarter and Ocracoke, was bound for Norfolk to be repaired. DR. 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