Evening Star Newspaper, September 9, 1936, Page 24

PEACE CONGRESS ARENDAAMBITIOUS Program’s Essence Termed « Neutrality Policy and : Monroe Doctrine. ! " (This is the third of a series of @rticles on the “New pan-Ameris canism” and the coming Pan- | American Peace Congress in | Buenos Aires.) [ BY BRENT DOW ALLINSON. An ambitious and elaborate pro- gram—impossible of complete ac- complishment—has been drafted for the Inter-American Peace Conference, which is to be held in Buenos Aires, Argentina, opening December 1. Its essence is the historic Ameri- ean neutrality policy, and the Mon- roe Doctrine, the reconstruction of which on a broader international foundation is the ehief motive for the summons to the conference. The formal agenda is something else, however. Program Tentatively Drawn. ‘The governing board of the Pan- ‘American Union at a session May 19 received from the Committee on Pro- gram and transmitted to the govern- ments of the 21 American republics the project of program for the confer- ence. In a covering resolution adopt- ed at the same session, the govern- ments were requested to communi- cate any observations or suggestions they had to make on or before June 30, in order that the board might proceed with formulation of the definite egenda. Based on suggestions submitted by the several governments, the program 4s divided into six sections, dealing ‘pespectively with the organization of | peace, neutrality, limitation of arma- ments, juridical problems, economic problems, and intellectual co-operation. The full text of the project of pro- gram is as follows: “I—Organization of peace: Methods for the prevention and pacific settlement of inter-American disputes: Consideration of possible causes of controversy and of measures for their peaceful solution; co-ordi- mnation and perfecting of existing in- ternational instruments for the main- tenance of peace; consideration of additional measures for the mainte- nance of peace and the pacific settle- ment of inter-American controversies; measures intended to secure the prompt ratification of treaties and conventions for the maintenance of peace; generalization of the inter- American judicial system for the main- tenance of peace; consideration of the Wesirability of creating an inter-Ameri- can Court of Justice. Consideration of other measures tending towards closer association of the American Republics and their re- lation to other international entities, Neutrality and Arms Limitation, II—Neutrality: Consideration of rules regarding the rights and duties of neutrals and belligerents. III—Limitation of Armaments: Necessity of limiting the organiza- tion and armaments of national de- fense, 50 as only to guaranteee in- ternal security of the State and its defense against foreign aggression. IV—Juridical Problems: Consideration of methods for the future codification of international law; formulation of principles with re- spect to the elimination of force and of diplomatic intervention in cases of pecuniary claims and other private sctions; unification of the interna- tional American principle and of na- tional legislation with respect to the problems of nationality; considera- tion of civil and political rights of women. V—Economic Problems: ‘Measures to promote closer economic relations among the American Repub- Hcs; tariff-truce and customs agree- ments; agreement on sanitary regula- tions affecting the interchange of ani- mal and vegetable products; equality of trade opportunity; financial co- operation; international aspects of the problems of immigration; pro- motion of travel; other measures. Improvement of communication fa- bilities; maritime communications; the Pan-American Highway; other Imeasures. Measures for the improvement of the intellectual, moral and material oondition of workers. ‘VI—Intellectual Co-operation. Measures to promote closer in- tellectual and cultural relations be- tween the American Republics, and the development of the spirit of moral disarmament.” Completion Doubted. It is doubtful, indeed impossible, that any such program can be success- fully negotiated at any international eonference. Each of the six major topics, or categories, of this draft- agenda might justify an entire confer- ence by itself. The first, jural section of the program, which may easily con- sume most of the available time and lead the delegates into a tangled Sara- gossa of diplomatic verbalism and treaty-making, ought to be relegated to the last. The length and complexity of subject matter of recent pan-American conferences have steadily grown, but pan-Americanism Bs & world force has not thereby perceptibly increased since the war. More than 50 separate conventions und agreements were concluded and signed at the seventh conference, at Montevideo, in 1933. Until now, only a small number have been ratified by the congresses of many of the American republics. Far better —_— TALCUM - /~BABY (ONTAINS SPECIAL BALSAMIC OllS 1® How different from ordinary tal- cum is Cuticura Talcum! Babies «especially, need the fine softness of texture—the wholesome purity it affords. Mildly medicated with val- wuable Balsamic Oils. Cuticura Tal- cum, dusted on after a bath with Cuticura Soap, m:hloflr: te:der skin—helps prevént chafing and ir- ritation. %Tol::derful for ldll“’-l, toe. Large can, 26c. All IIII'I'II:IIIIA 1s it to focus energy and public atten- tion upon three or four matters of major importance and let the rest go over to another time. Most Important Matters. Of the matters that are of tran- scending importance to the wellbeing and protection of the American peo- ples today the following are worthy of particular emphasis: Promulgation of a continental, pan- American neutrality policy and law, and of a co-operative Monrce Doc- trine, that will interdict war and the war-trade and prevent the spread of the war-system to the Western Hemisphere; Increase of edmmerclal and cultural reciprocity, particularly through the joint promotion of the great pan- American highway; and the abolish- ment or reduction of tariffs. Establishment of a stabilized inter- national monetary unit, if not an actual pan-American currency, jointly guaranteed; The ual realization of inter- American solidarity and an economic customs-union between contiguous American republics, was originally pro- posed by Secretary of State James G. Blaine at the first Pan-American Con: gress in Washington, in 1890. Blaine was a distinguished Republican. If any real measure of agreement and action were realized concerning these, it would be enough to make the coming Buenos Aires Conference the most significant in post-war history. And we repeat that the establishment of an Inter-American Congress meeting periodically for the discussion and development of pan-American polit- ical and economic policy is a much greater object than the establishment of an Inter-American Court of Jus- tice for the settlement of *“justici: ble” controversies. It is the non-jus ticiable controversies from which wars are born; and these are beyond the competence of courts. For the great problem of peace is nothing less than the problem of poverty and of social justice, between unequal nations, as between men, District 1900 THE EVENING STAR, W. BOY PICKETS ROUTED MILWAUKEE, September 9 (#).— Mrs. Edward Uhlar, noticing that a group of children had started s bon- fire on vacant property near her home, routed the children And put out the fire. Then the youngsters, aged 8 to 14, returned to parade in front of her home bearing signs that read “Un- fair to_children.” Mrs. Uhlar called the police. When the squad car appeared the caildren dropped their signs and fled- Officers wrote in their report book: “Strike ended.” OUT-OF-TOWN TELEPHONE RATES To polnts 240 or more miles away, and over- time person-to-person charges. « Ask Long Distance for the low rate to anywhere. 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