Subscribers enjoy higher page view limit, downloads, and exclusive features.
- FARM-TO-MARKET Text of Hoover Address Outlin * program.” ROADS TO PAY OUT This W. P. A. Program Is Destined to Be Lucky Strike. This is the sizth of a series of articles analyzing the economic and political effects, the probable developments and early snags of President Roosevelt's $4,000,000,000 job program. CHICAGO, November 16 (N.AN.A). —President Roosevelt's $4.000,000,000 investment in jobs promises to un- cover at least one “gold mine.” It goes by the somewhat verbose and prosaic title of “farm-to-market-road But it seems certain to return dividends, both economic and political, more handsome than any other among the 57,000 varieties of good, bad and indifferent “projects” now under way. A huge sum, the exact amount of which is as yet undetermined, but certainly running into hundreds of millions, is being poured into rural areas to “pull the American farmer out of the mud.” A happier idea, from the standpoint of both the farmer and Administrator Hopkins' W. P. A, scarcely could be devised. For farm-to-market roads create many jobs for comparatively few dol- lars. What is more, they give evi- dence of a full return on the money invested. Thousands of farmers, moved substantially “nearer” their markets, will profit and buy more in- dustrial products, and, with one eye on their A. A. A. checks and the other on the long-sought “hard road,” they are likely to wed themselves to Roosevelt for 1936. ’s Rural Backbone. Mr. Hopkins' roads promise to form the backbone of rural W. P. A. in nearly every State. Just how nearly they dent the farm vote can be judged by considering a few figures that shortly will be translated into facts in pivotal Illinois. The farm-to-market program in this State contemplates all-weather surfacing of 7,500 miles of dirt moads. On these roads are located more than 24,700 farms, covering 1,227,000 acres. That many farmers, in Illinois alone, will have President Roosevelt to thank for a “modern transportation system” that does not go knee deep in mud every Spring. Now, a conservative valuation of each of these farms is $50 an acre, and an extensive survey conducted by farm agencies, real estate operators and real estate boards throughout Illi- nois found that a farm on a “hard” road is worth about 15 per cent more than a farm on a dirt road So State W. P. A. Administer Dun- ham went into an arithmetical huddle with himself and emerged with the conclusion that his farm-to-market | “program would increase the value of | the State's farms by more than $9,- 200,000. Uncle Sam will spend only $7,500,~ 000 for this purpose in the State. Not 8 bad investment when it is consid- ered that part of this $7,500,000 would have to be paid out in dole if the rodds never had been built. And then it is muiltiplied by two score States. The situation is substantially the safne everywhere. In Kentucky, for example, Administrator Goodman plans to spend 74 per cent of his W. | P. A. quota on roads. Kentucky is full of “stranded” citizens. Its west- ern coal-minipg districts are “over- manned” by 500,000 workers. In the east, mountaineers on relief shoot straight and eat plenty. - The one way to carry jobs to th men, and drive them off relief if they don't need it, is to make them work by running roads up through “them thar hills.” Kentucky will get ap- proximately 1,400 miles of roads from W.P.A Transportation also is the key to Tennessee's W. P. A, State Admin- | istrator Berry has assigned 75 per cent of his funds to “transportation” —roads, city streets and airports—and most of this is on roads. Tllinois Work Delayed. In drafting the rest of his Illinois program, Administrator Dunham took to heart the fable about the hare and the tortoise. He proceeded with “due deliberation.” He did not get excited “about “deadlines” set in Washington. As a result, Illinois has dragged. It is unlikely that his quota of 164,700 men will be working December 1. The number will be nearer 100,000. “We are doing an orderly job,” ex- plained Charles E. Miner, Dunham’s executive assistant. “Our projects will be seasoned. We think rushing men to work with undue speed is a use- less gesture. What's the use of put- ting 100 men on a job without super- visory personnel? It is better public administration to proceed slowly.” With its usual fare for spectacular civic improvement, Chicago is “mak- ing a good thing” out of W. P. A. After a recent row, Dunham decided to give the so-called Chicago Exposi- tion authority $6,500,000 to fix up the World's Fair Grounds on the lake- front as a “park.” The authority is raising money privately to rebuild con- cessions and draw visitors and dollars to the loop. Nowhere outside New York can be found such a singular selection of projects as those Dunham is slowly *“seasoning” into action. Everything from a vaudeville troupe to rat ex- termination is on the list. A job is avallable for an unemployed “mas- ter of ceremonies.” Jugglers, chorus girls, and even chorus men (officially known as choristers) apparently have to eat. Anyhdw, they're being paid for free shows being put on for the edification of the Chicago public. In two respects, W. P. A. nationally can take a leaf from Dunham’s book. First, skilled labor—a vexatious prob- Shortage of skilled labor on relief is universal, as is the “prevailing wage” Tow. Shall W. P. A. cut hours so skilled ‘workers may earn their security wage at union hourly rates? And, if so, where to get enough “skills” so com- mon laborers may continue working & normal number of hours to earn their security wage? Dunham dodged both issues deftly by requiring project “sponsors” (city, county, etc.) to furnish the skilled men. There are in most places un- employed skilled men, but few on re- lief. Whether they are paid “prevail« ing” hourly wages is the city’s head- eche, not Dunham’s. Second, civil service. A political recommendation does not injure an applicant for an administrative job in W. P. A, but it doesn’t help him a continental unless he can pass a civil service test. In a city firmly in the political grasp of the Kelly machine, which rode the Mayor to re-election by more than half & million votes—and a Demo- cratic machine, at that—Dunham’s civil service feat would seem to qualify “him as & sort of non-partisan Houdini. (Copyright. 1935. |4 | | ~lem in many cities, including Detroit1 ewanaper Alllance: Tae.y oriees ‘ Special Dispatch to The Star. Y NEW YORK, November 16.—The text of Former President Hoover's ad- dress tonight before the Ohkio Society of New York follows in full: Your committee extended to me & cordial invitation to address you on public questions. I urged that they should find somebody elée. I ex- plained that even if I were simply to read the Ten Commandments it would be interpreted as critical by the administration at Washington. Even that hint failed to dampen their insistence. I then stated that the situation of our country was in too great danger for me or any one to waste time in an acedamic dis- cussion. That what I had to say would be in oppositiog to certain policies. They insisted that the Ohio Society had invited me be- cause it was a serious body anxious for the stark, rugged truth. Indeed, discussion of public ques- tions is the first necessity in a re- public. Free government cannot exist without free debate. By honest and bold debate alone may we prevent disaster to the security and happiness of this Nation. On that anvil alone we may shape the intellectual instruments of human betterment. I recently made an address upon the New Deal spending, debts, and their consequenees. I purpose on this occasion to discuss what the New Deal calls “national planning,” the expenditures it imposes on the people, its consequences, and some remedies that it requires. This old and respected phrase, “national planning,” has been disclosed to have powerful meanings. You might think that meant blueprints. But this sort of “national plan- ning” includes political manage= ment of money, credit, farming, industry, morals, and the more abundant life. Two years ago the phrase more frequently used was “planned economy.” But as that has become so obviously “planned extravagance,” it has been less used in these last few months. Even “national planning” is threatened with ejection by a still newer glittering phrase, the “third economy.” I trust it is not so expensive as the others. Says Good in New Deal Is Not Criticized. Let me say at once that I am not here criticizing all the measures taken by our administration. Re- public must go forward, not back- ward, but if they would go for- ward they must promptly discard the bad. I am here discussing those measures which threaten to impoverish the Natica. There are two different groups of opponents of the New Deal sort ional planning” or “planned One group holds that it is a deliberate plan for centralizing authority to a point where we the people can be made to do what starry-eyed young men in Wash- ington think is good for us— whether it is good for us or not. This group believes “planned economy” is the American name for the European diseases which have infected us for the past three years. They feel these catch-words cloak that incarnate passion for power, the insidious end of which is the destruction of lberty and the rise of the regimented state. The other group of opponents hold that the new “national plan- ning” is an attempt of a col- legiate oligarchy to sanctify by a phrase a muddle of unco-ordi- nated reckless adventures in gov- ernment—flavored with unctuous claims to monopoly in devotion to their fellow men. These opponents believe “national planning” has neither philosophy nor consistency of action. My own conclusion is that the new “national planning” contains any or all these elements, de- pending upon which New Dealer is doing the planning for the day. Any of these views could be confirmed by the writings of a dozen charter members of the New Deal who have now turned against the order. They could be sub- stantiated by the writings of many who remain in it. Constitutional Termites Declared at Work. I do not intend on this occasion to elaborate the philosophy of “planned economy.” It is neither conservative, liberal, nor common sense. Nor do I propose on this occasion to discuss its constitu- tional aspects. There are nests of constitutional termites at work. I shall simply inquire whether we ought to want this sort of “economic planning” and its in- visible costs. It has unfolded itself through some scores of new bu- reaus of the Federal Government. I wili not take your time to enu- merate all the alphabetical agen- cies. I may say, however, there are only four letters of the alphabet not now in use by the administra- tion in Washington. When we establish the Quick Loans Corpora- tion for Xylophones, Yachts, and Zithers, the alphabet of our fathers will he exhausted. But of course the new Russian alphabet has 34 letters. We have now had three years in which to appraise the work of these agencies. They are no longer in the aurora borealis stage, with all its excitement and false prom- ises of light. We emerge from illusion into the daylight of prac- tical experience. There is one consistency in all this new ‘“national planning,” or “planned economy,” or “third economy.” Every branch of these plans has the habit of carefree scattering of public money. They are haunted by no old ghost of a balanced budget. But “national planning” thinks in phrases and slogans rather than the exactitude of the cash register. We now know that in addition to increased taxes after four years of it the bill of in- creased taxpayers’ liabilities will be about $14,000,000,000. If they have @ cash register it certainly has an astronomical keyboard. ‘These are, however, ‘only the vis- ible expenditures imposed on the people. The taxes of today and their sure increase in the future if these policies are not stopped are but a small part of even the money cost of “national planning.” And let no one be deluded. It is the farmer, the worker, as well as the business man, who pay the invisi- ble costs, just as they pay the bulk of the tax assessments. I may give you a few examples. Judged by works and not by words, another consistency in this sort of “economic planning” is to limit competition and restrict pro- monopoly. duction—the essence of . ‘They have given us planned scar- - THE SUNDAY STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C., NOVEMBER 17, 1933—PART ONE. Salient Points of Hoover Talk By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, November 16.—Some | high lights of former President Hoo- ver's address tonight before the Ohio Soclety of New York follow: * ok K ok “There are only four letters of the alphabet not now in use by the ad- ministration in Washington. When we establish the quick loans corpora- tion for xylophones, yachts and zith- ers. the alphabet of our fathers will be exhausted.” * %k % “Through politically managed cur- rency it (economic planning) has brought us to the threshold of devas- tating inflation. The stock market is already peeking into that Bluebeard's cave.” * ok ok % “One of the wheel-horses of the ‘national planning’—that is the N. R. A—was thought to have been killed by the Supreme Court. That decision has not yet been claimed as part of the new ‘national planning,’ although every day men are getting jobs be- cause of it.” * ok ok X “They have given us planned scar- city—upon which civilization always degenerates—in the place of economic plenty, upon which America has grown great. It is the more abundant life— without bacon.” * k¥ X “The citizen loses because he can- not compete with Government book- keeping and the pipe line into the Treasury.” city—upon which eclvilization al- ways degenerates—in the place of economic plenty, ,upon which America has grown great. It is the more abundant life—without bacon. One of the wheel-horses of the “national planning”—that is the N. R. A.—was thought to have been killed by the Supreme Court. That decision has not yet been claimed as part of the new “national plan- ning,” although every day men are getting jobs because of it. But we are now promised a resurrection of this dead. The price of it was and will be in every household budget. Projects Declared Of Remote Worth. The new “national planning” is building vast projects—perhaps useful to our grandchildren. We have to pay the cost of interest and maintenance until they come of age. This is also the New Deal door by which the Government rushes into business in competi- tion with its own citizens. The citizen loses because he cannot compete with Government book- keeping and the pipe line into the Treasury. Few of these projects were even mentioned after blank chegks were drawn by Congress. This method of planning avoids exhaustion from congressional de- baje—and takes the Ilimit off spending. The new “national planning” of relief shifted its administration from local and State authorities to a political bureaucracy central- ized at Washington. That has re- sulted not only in stupendous waste, but in the creation of a great group of permanent dependents. It has added nothing to the security and care of those deserving in dis- tress except—expense. And we are destroying the self-respect and the responsibility of self-government by turning the Treasury into a national grab bag. Our national ideals get little of a lift from the general attitude, “If we don’t get ours some one else will.” The new “national planning” of taxes, currency, credit and busi- ness has raised and will continue to raise the cost of living to the farm housewife, the worker’s house- wife and all other housewives. It is & deduction from economic and social security of the poor—it is not a more abundant life. It erodes the purchasing power of wages. It gives birth to strikes and inflames class conflict. During the depression years of the last admin- istration the loss of man days from strikes and lockouts averaged about 5,000,000 per year. During this ad- ministration it has averaged a loss of about 18,000,000 man days per year. These gigantic losses appear in the worker’s budget, not in the Treasury. “Repudiation of Covenants” Seen in Fiscal Policy. The new “economic planning™ has included repudiation of Gov- ernment covenants, which raises somber questions of Government morals and honor. In any event it devalued the dollar by 41 per cent. It gave us the gift of “man- aged currency.” As potent devices for destroying confidence these have merit. Through politically managed credit it has brought us to the threshold of devastating inflation. The stock market is al- ready peeking into that Bluebeard’s cave. In the few minutes of this ad- dress I shall explore a little fure ther into the price and conse- quences of these monetary and credit policies. There is the folly of buying for- eign silver. I could at least see some reason for spending 10 to 15 million a year to subsidize employ- ment in our Western silver mines by buying their product at a profit- able price. But what earthly rea- son we have for buying vast amounts of foreign silver will take generations of politicians to ex- plain. If we are to have managed currency, we do not require any metallic base. There is in fact no you could exchange currency for gold. If we want a metallic base, the Government already has $9,- 700,000,000 of goid and only $5,= mooo.ooo of currency in circula= Thus it would seem that we have plenty of metallic base for the cur- rency when we have nearly $1.80 in gold for every dollar of currency. That leaves plenty over to pay international balances. Yet we de- liberately bid up the price of for- eign silver by 50 per cent. Then we proceed to buy vast quantities of that commodity, for which we have no earthly use, at enormous profits to foreigners. Upon that folly we have already spent about $250,- 000,000 and under the new “econ- omy planning” y“:» are to lp;:&: about more. taxpayer’s pocket ér infation. You ) “We devalued the dollar 41 per cent | under the hypnosis that if we reduced | the length of a yarad to 21.2 inches we | would have more cloth in the bolt.” * k ¥ % “The new ‘national planning’ is| building vast projects—perhaps useful | to our grandchildren. We have to pay the cost of interest and mainte- nance until they come of age.” * K ok X “During the depression years of the last administration the loss of man days from strikes and lockouts aver- aged about 5,000,000 per year. Dur- ing this administration it has averaged a loss of about 18,000,000 man days per year.” * x ¥ ¥ “It is no doubt a part of our good neighbor policies that we have joy- fully subsidized every foreign specu- lator in silver.” * ok ok x “We can express Government ex- penses in figures. But no mortal man can compute the costs, the burdens, and dangers imposed upon 120,000,000 people by these actions.” * K e “‘National planning’ thinks in phrases and slogans rather than the exactitude of the cash register.” * ok ok x ““We should no longer tolerate gam- bling in the future of a nation with the dice of inflation.” * x ok ok “When I was a boy in Iowa I learned some very simple truths about finance. I learned that money does not grow on trees; it must be earned.” can be sure no foreigner would buy this silver back from us at what we pay for it. 1t is no doubt a part of our good=- neighbor policies that we have joye fully subsidized every foreign spec- ulater in silver. We have also sub= sidized every silver mine in Austra- lia, India, Mexico, and Peru. But we have pursued these good-neigh= bor policies further. We have stirred up currency troubles in China and other silver currency countries. We have stimulated their good feelings by flooding them with bankruptcies, labor troubles, and jiggling their cost of living. Gold Influx Contrasted With Goods of Trade. Another result of “economic planning” has been the attraction of billions of gold—over two billions in two years—that we do not need for any conceivable purpose. We ought to have had goods instead. Apparently “planned economy” aims to become a bi-metallic Midas. Although we cannot recall the 100 per cent dollars we can well consider the results of devaluation. ‘We devalued the dollar 41 per cent under the hypnosis that if we re- duced the length of a yard to 21.2 inches we would have more cloth in the bolt. Ore result is that the foreigner is shipping us more gold every day to buy our good domestic assets for the price of 21.2 inches to the yard. That is a complicated problem of New Deal econgmics, but if you will search around in it you will find much of interest. It is likely to represent more loss te the American people than a whole year's Treasury deficit. While on this romantic subject of currencies I may mention that when we entered new “national planning” in currency we were promised a “managed currency” that would be adjusted to American life and conditions. Of course, if it worked it would increase the cost of living by 41 per cent. Thus it would reduce the living to be ob- tained from all life insurance poli- cies, college endowments, pensions, wages and salaries, and would in- crease the housewife's cost of liv- ing. By it we forgave 41 per cent of most of our foreign debts. That is, they can pay them today with 41 per cent less gold than they ex- pected to pay. You will remember those private foreign loans. They were denounced as the cause of all evil, so we now reduce the evil by reducing them 41 per cent. But offsetting all these pains, it was supposed to reduce the burden of mortgages. And equally if it works it lessens the burdens of all bonds, Government and otherwise. Here we again enter higher economics, but if you explore it thoroughly you will find that the 10,000,000 stockholders of corporations, in- cluding the unhappy power com- panies, profit at the expense of the 65,000,000 insuranee policy holders. The sum of all these shifts do not make the poor any richer, Currency Seen Geared To Pound Sterling. But above all this managed eur- rency was to be thoroughly Ameri- can and would make us indepen- dent of -world influences. Two billions of dollars were appropri= ated to stabilize secretly foreign exchange and no accounting of the losses appears in the national def- icit—that is, not yet. But behold! Our mystery fund has been most successful in stabilizing our cur- rency to within a few per cent of the pound sterling for over a year. We have attained that stability Which comes from leaning up against the British. We are the thirty-first member of the ‘“ster- ling bloc” of nations. Let us re- member thgt the British also have a managed currency, and in the “gterling bloc” we are only one of the 31 planets which revolve around the British sun. We have thus trustingly reposed in London a large influence in American val- ues and freedom of American trade. I do not pretend to know where all this will take us, but I do know that I prefer a currency that no “national planning” can manage for us, not even the British. In any event so long as “man- aged currency” lasts the purchase ing value of the dollar lies at the whim of political - government. Politics are bound to be in every government - managed currency. You can never make the American dollar ring true on the counters of the world nor on the counters of our savings banks so long as there is the alloy of politics in it. So long as it has that alloy in it . people cannot invest $100 today with full confidence as to what it will be worth in old age, One re- u and continued unemployment in mil« lions of unhappy homes. Th,tm 't ing Fiscal Program Speech Before Ohio Society of New York, Dissecting New Deal, Calls for Stable Currency. into the realm of higher economics, but I assure you it is a huge bur- den in money and misery on the country not included in the budget. There 15 another of these huge penalties of this “economic plan« ring” which may be illustrated by a bit of American history. It con- cerns a great mistake of the Fed- eral Reserve System in 1927. That was before my administration, and in any event at that time the sys- tem was independent of the ad- ministration. It also concerns & gigantic price in human suffering. Inflation of Bank Credit Held Unzkt. In an effort to support the shaky financial structure of Europe, our Reserve System in 1927 joined with foreign government banks in ex- pansion or inflation of bank credits. Some of us laymen had bitterly protested that we had no need of expanded credit, that in view of the then situation it would be dangerous. We were told it could and would be easily controlled. ‘There were other impulses, but this inflation of bank credit con- tributed to set off the greatest madness of speculation and greed since the Mississippi Bubble. Men then also dreamed they were in a new era. They resisted every warning. The controls proved in- effective. The movement collapsed of its own weight in 1929. No human being could have be- lieved that such griefs and trage- dies ever lay in so obscure a thing as bank credit inflation. It brought hunger to the door of millions of homes. It destroyed the savings of millions of families. It created a scene of financial misdoings which have furnished the ma- terial for ceaseless attacks upon honest business. This inflation perhaps staved off for a year or two the inevitable collapse in Europe. That struck us in 1931, an already weakened Nation. But such strength as we had left saved both ourselves and the world from chaos. There are morals in that story. But there is something of far more present importance in that story than postmortem moraliz- ing. Despite that bitter experie ence the new national planners, to finance their huge spending and other purposes, have desperately resorted to the same inflation of bank credits. They, however, ap- parently do not believe in homeo- pathic doses. The dose of that same poison now injected into our national bloodstream by the New Deal is already three or four times as great as that of 1927. They say also it can be con- trolled. But will the politically controlled reserve system prove any more successful? Stated in its mildegt form, this is gambling with the fate of a Nation. Should these controls fail, this democracy will not survive the shock. Gains Against Speculation Declared Small. And “national planning” was supposed to shake us free'from vicious speculation and money changers. Of this you can be sure. Instability of currencies and infla- tion of credit are the green pas- tures upon which the speculator grows fat. He is the sole benefi- ciary from instability. The costs of that instability do not appear in the Government budget, yet they appear in every honest busi- ness. They add to the price of every commodity. And here the “national plan- ning” collides with itself. Of what value are old-age pensions, or un- employment insurance, savings for old age, or any other beneficent effort under the scourge of devalu- ation and inflation? We can express Government expenses in figures. But no mortal man can compute the costs, the burdens, and dangers imposed upon 120,000,000 people by these actions. Its cost in national impoverish- ment far exceeds even taxes. Its losses will be larger than the national debt. It is a time for plain speaking and blunt statement of some fun- damental principles upon these monetary and fiscal questions. And let me speak to you in old- fashioned language. When I was a boy in Iowa I learned some very simple truths about finance. I leaned that money does not grow on trees; it must be earned. I learned that the first rule of a successful career is to keep ex- penditures within the means of paying them. I learned that the keeping of financial promises is the first obligation of an honor- able man. And I learned that the man who borrows without intent to repay is headed for bankruptcy or disgrace or crime. These may be platitudes, but they are still truths. Honor Most Essential In Government Dealing. As T have increased in years and in opportunity to study the affairs of governments, I have made a very simple but vital observation. That is that a government should have in financial matters the same standards that an honorable man has. A government must realize that money must be earned be- fore it is spent, that a nation’s word in finance must be sacredly kept, that a nation is immoral if it repudiates its obligations or in- flates its mediums of exchange or borrows without regard to pos- terity; and, finally, that a nation which violates these simple prin- ciples will, like a man, end in dis- honor and disaster. A government cannot expect financial honor in its people unless it maintains honor itself. A large part of the world’s misery in all ages has come from the acts of government that ig- nored these principles and entered upon policies of reckless spending and debasement and repudiation. Our country shows hopeful signs of recovery despite great hindrances. That convalescence should be speeded and made se- cure. We should no longer tolerate financial policies that prolong un- employment, that create fear and distrust and uncertainty, that _slowly but surely undermine the industrial structure on which the living of the whole Nation de- pends. We should no longer tol- erate & money system that is not a money system, but a hodge-podge of promiscuous ingredients that not even the administration will attempt to name, define, or de- fend. We shall no longer toler- ate gambling in the future of & tion with the dice of inflation. We should no longer tolerate & i ll ® A-17 financial policy that does not bal- ance the budget. g The American citizen wants to know whether his savings are to be confiscated. The plain man wants to know whether his little life insurance policy is going to be worth anything at his death. The housewife wants to know whether her husband’s wages are going to buy food for his family. There is a way to settle all these questions. That way is through abandonment of present financial and fiscal policies and return to sound policies. Do you wish a constructive financial program? ‘The waste of taxpdyers’ money on unnecessary public works should end. The administration of relief should be turned over to local authorities. Federal expenditures for relief should be confined to cash allowances to these authori- ties to the extent that they are un- able to provide their own funds. Call for End of Visionary Experiments in U. 8. The spending for visionary and un-American experiments should be stopped. This horde of political bureaue cracy should be rooted out. The provision of the Constitue tion, requiring that expenditures shall only be in accordance with appropriations actually made by law should be obeyed. And they should be mdde for specific pur- poses. The budget should be bhalanced, not by more taxes, but by reduc- tion of follies. The futile purchases of foreign silver should be stopped. The gold standard should be re- established, even on the new basis. The act authorizing the Presi- dent to inflate the currency should be repealed. The administration should give and keep a pledge to the country that there will be no further jug- gling of the currency and no fur- ther experiments with credit in- flation. Confidence in the validity of promises of the Government should be restored. The Nation seeks for solution of its many difficulties. It is groping for security from economic storms and from individual poverty. But economic security, social security, or any other security cannot be found without first restoring these primary policies of Government, These matters are no abstrace tions. They are not theoretical questions of academic debate. They are the invisible forces which sur- round every American fireside. They determine the happiness of every American home. In their rightful direction lies the safety of these homes and the fruition of their hopes. They determine the welfare of our children and the progress of our Nation. HOOVER IS HONORED BY OHIO SOCIETY Admitted to Membership Because Father Was Native of State. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, November 16.—Former President Hoover appeared before the Ohio Society, oldest State society in the Nation, tonight not only as prin- cipal speaker but as a member. He was elected a month ago, his eligibility to the society established by the fact his father was an Ohio native. His address was not the first po- | litical one the society, founded in | 1885, has heard. | In 1900 President McKinley sounded | the keynote of the presidential cam- | paign that soon was to open. | Other former Presidents who have addressed the society were Warren G. Hardinr. Benjamin Harrison, Theo- dor- Roosevelt and William E. Taft. Ohio men prominent in politica! and industrial worlds had reservations for | tonight's dinner, which helps cele- | brate the society’s golden jubilee. They included Walter Brown, for- mer Postmaster General, and Former Senator Simeon D. Fess. OHIO G. 0. P. SEEKING FAVORITE SON AID Leaders Speed Plans for Meeting to Pledge Delegates for 1936 Convention. By the Assoclzted Press. COLUMBUS, Ohio, November 16.— | Republican leaders of Ohio speeded plans today for an early meeting to pledge 1936 presidential convention | delegates to the candidacy of a fa- | vorite son. Speculation over action of the party was brought into the open by a state- ment of Representative Leroy T. Marshall, Republican, that “if outside candidates come into Ohio and at- tempt to file names for candidates for delegates it would be contrary to the wishes and plans of most of the party leaders.” A His remarks at Xenia were occa- sioned by Washington reports that Senator William E. Borah of Idaho might seek Ohio backing. Thanksgiving Ringlets Special Ringlets GUARANTEED Permanent TONIC OIL WAVE INCLUDING ® Shampoo Before ® Sham ® Tonic Oil Wave ¢ H: ® Finger Wave Beauty Box (Opp. Garfinckel's—Over Velati's) 609 ‘14th Street N.W. % PHONE MET. 7225 " Open Every Evening. * Not & School Com- plete 52 After rim WATCHTOWER GROUP TERMED SUBVERSIVE British Commission Reports Find- ings After Probe of Rhodesia Labor Trouble. By the Assoclated Press. LONDON, November 16—The re- ligious organization called “The Watchtower Movement,” which de- veloped in the United States, was termed “‘a dangerously suversive move- ment” by a British commission today. The British-body, under the chair- manship of Sir Alison Russell, was ap- pointed by the government to inquire Jnto the labor disturbances in the Northern Rhodesia copper belt which were climaxed May 29 when six per- sons were killed and 22 wounded. The committee reported: “The ‘Watchtower Movement originates in the United States. * * * “The commission finds that the teaching and literature of the Watch- tower Movement bring civil and spir- itual authority, especially native au- thority, into contempt; that it is & dangerously subversive movement, that it was an important and pre- disposing cause of the recent disturbe azioes” The commission reported that it felt_the movement was “to be taken most seriously” —in Northern Rhoe desia primarily, because of its ate tacks against all forms of governe ment.” Complet Down No_interest e Radiators. 300- Burners and Su: Free Estimates Day or Night Nights and HOT-WATER HEAT American Radiator Co. Heating Plant Up to 3 Yrs. to Pay—First Payment Next Year No Cash Written Guarantee No Down payment. ystem for each house. Above price includes 18-inch Red Jacket Boiler, six ROYAL HEATING CO. GRADUATE HEATING ENGINEERS 907 15th St. N.W. ely Installed in 6 Rooms Nothing to pay until next vear. harges for this period. A “m Federal Ho: {t. Radiation and a Thermostatic Damper opens the draft automatically. Larger We carry a_ complete line of equipment—including Oil mmer-Winter hot-water attachments. Nat. 3803 Sundays Phone Adams 8529 £ ] Marshall Wendell Huntington Your old phonograph will ARTHUR JORDAN PIANO CO. Over 200 Grands, Players to select | ekl & after this sale Sons terms will positively be withdrawn. Think of purchasing a fine, brand- new Grand, Upright or Player at only $3 down and $1 a week, plus a small carrying charge. higher—you may pay more if you trade at a liberal allowance, Uprights and from. Remember, these prices and None plano, radio or be acceptable in Lester Used | e 9 qm Sh&E Semi-Annual Sale FINER HATS i DIAMOND JUBILEE YEAR ® were 7.50 to 18.50 ® now— 375 t0 9.25 (Dunlaps Excepted) Original price - tags are still on these hats—sim- ply select your hat and pay half! Individually designed hats from fa- mous houses: felts, vel- vets, hatters plush, ante- lopes. All colors, all head sizes. Come in a hurryl French Room Millinery— Second Floor