Evening Star Newspaper, November 12, 1935, Page 2

" A2 ww THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, ARMED PRESSURE ON CHINA [5 SEEN Tokio Government Envisions Action as Result of Anti- Japanese Incidents. By the Associated Press. TOKIO, November 12.—Japanese euthorities gave indications today fhat at least some sections of the Tokio government envisioned a possi- bility of armed pressure on China as a result of anti-Japanese incidents in Shanghai. Police circulated’an order forbidding | newspapers and news agencies to, publish anything concerning naval or | air forces hich may be sent to China” except official communiques. | Vernacular newspaper dispatches | from Shanghai reported an increas- | ingly tense situation. The foreign office insisted. however. that no military action for the present was contemplated. Frequency of Incidents Cited. A foreign office spokesman said, however, the number and frequency of anti-Japanese incidents in Shanghai might compel the Tokio government to deliver a stern warning to the Chinese nationalist capital of Nanking. He said the Japanese government What’s What Behind News In Capital G. O. P. Politicos Call on Landon and Get Low- BY PAUL MALLON. COUPLE of very practical down on Prohibition. A and wet Republican politicos from Chicago are supposed to have dropped in on Gov. Alf Landon at Topeka the other day to find out how dry he is. The sound-out men were distributed by the inside talk in some wet Re- publican quarters that Landon's nom- ination as a presidential candidate would reopen the dangerous prohibi- tion question. Also they noted that New Deal Publicity Director Charles Michelson has fired a few dry shots at Landon, as if to fix the range. The inquirers went away with the distinct understanding that the Kansan believes there are only two basic nationgl issiles mnow: (a) “Waste and Extravagance,” and (b) “Socialism vs. Democ- racy.” They felt that he consid- ered the national prohibition issue settled and dead; that the liquor contral issue is one for the States hoped the series of incidents—the slaying of a Japanese marine, a raid on a Japanese-owned shop and al- leged attacks on Japanese women— might be settled quickly through local Shanghai negotiations. The relatively mild attitude of the | foreign office contrasted sharply to Japanese press dispatches from Shang- | hai, reporting that Japanese m\'sli and diplomatic officials and residents | there favored drastic action to term- ' inate the wave of anti-Japanese man- | 1festations. DEMAND PUNISHMENT. Japanese Make Formal Request in| Storming of Shop. SHANGHAI, November 12 (®)— New incidents arising to complicate Sino-Japanese relations evoked a formal Japanese request today for punishment of the persons responsible. | Immediate arrest of the demonstra- | tors who smashed a window of a Jap- anese-owned store on busy Nanking road last night was asked by & Jap- anese consular representative in an official call on the deputy commis- sioner of the international settlement palice. Japanese Consul Gen. T. Ishii also paid his second visit in two days to|amendment in the 1932 campaign. .. Gen. Wu Teh-Chen, mayor of Greater | But it was repealed and the only open | Shanghai. After calling attention yesterday to the slaying Saturday night of a Jap- anese marine, Hideo Nakayama, which provoked the tension. the consul gen- eral protested today over the window- smashing incident, asserting the dem- ‘onstrators were Chinese. = American to Get Call. ZZIshii announced he would make a similar call on Sterling Fessenden, American chairman of the Shanghai ‘Municipal Council. «<«The Japanese press gave promi- Hilnce to reports of an alleged new in- cident in which a Japanese schoolgirl was said to have been stoned by a Chinese youth. s . ¢apanese consular authorities called & conference to discuss new measures %0 be taken, bolstered by the presence &f more than 2.000 marines—a force ®pgmented by 500 newly landed men. Japanese naval authorities insisted, ‘Thbwever, that the 500 were brought in ‘only to replace a similar number of Bluejackets scheduled to depart to- | ‘morrow for Japan. -Akira Ariyoshi, Japanese Ambassa- dor to China, also held an emérgency conference with military and naval attaches in view of the anti-Japanese Manifestations. HELD POLITICAL MOVE. Spokesman Says Disorder Was Attempt | to Embarrass Congress, | NANKING, China, November 12 (). | ~—A Chinese government spokesman charged today that a dflnoflsn’auon‘t before a Japanese-owned shop in| Shanghai was a “deliberate nttempt[ to embarrass the proceedings of the | Kuomintang,” opening its congress. The fifth congress of the Chinese Nationalist party started with thh: capital city swarming with gendarmes, | assigned to protect the delegates and | determined to forestall any new at- tempts on the lives of government leaders. Chinese sources said one of the prin- | cipal topics to come before the party was a discussion of increasing Jap- | anese pressure, FOUR DEAD IN CRASH 8ix Injured When Truck Hits| Stalled Automobile. DUNCAN, Okla., November 12 (#).— Four persons were killed last night and six injured, two seriously, in a collision between a stalled automobile and a truck on a highway south of | | licans have drawn in their breath for to handle in their own way. There are excellent additional rea- sons for believing that this will be the official Landon answer to the dry talk, when and if the time comes to make it. «\4\% ‘What Landon is supposed to have told them substantially was this: He was the first Governor of Kansas in| the 57 years since prohibition was‘ adopted to say publicly that the peo- | | ple of Kansas had a right to vote on ! whether they wanted to retain their | prohibition amendment; that he so recommended to the Kansas Legisla- | ture and the Legislature submmed“ the amendment to the people last No- vember. Opposed Repeal. He opposed repeal of the amend- ment when it was submitted, and also |opposed repeal of the eighteenth question now, in his opinion, is what each State wants to do about it. | He was inclined to think that the attempt to revive national prohibi- jtion in 1936 as an answer to criti-| cism of the New Deal would be re- ceived by the public as ridiculous and unimportant. . There are inner indications that the State Department is embark- ing on a campaign to “educate” the public along the line of in- creasing the President’s discretion- ary power to prohibit all trade with warring nations. ‘The purpose behind it is to bring | | pressure on Congress in January. The | New Dealers want their neutrality | powers broadened. They know Con- gress will not agree unless public pres- sure is whipped up. The first whip | was raised on the radio recently by | State Secretary Hull. ‘What the otherwise mild-mannered Hull wants to do is to get the diplo- | matic power to threaten the aggres- | sive nations with a severance of trade relations. Also, he wants to permit free flow of munitions and trade to the nation threatened by aggression. It is his theory that these dire dip- lomatit threats will prevent war. But some of the members of Congress | said last night. think he might involve us in war. ‘What the members of Congress also | have in the back of their heads is an | appreciation of what a real embargo | would do to cotton and wheat prxces; and exports. It will take a lot of pub- lic “education” to make them change | their minds. Charging the Ether. A backstage carpet is already sup-| posed to have been laid for Secretary Pettey of the Federal Communications Commission to step over to the Demo- cratic National Committee to handle radio activities in the next campaign. He did it in the last campaign. The | plan is either to have him resign or obtain a leave of absence. Repub- { make an American tour, but this year | management,” he said. a large scream about an official of the F. C. C. doing such work. A friend of the Supreme Court has dug up a decision, made 13 years ago by Justice Sutherland, which says: here. The dead: Mrs. W. B. Griffin of Chickasha. Mrs. George Cowart, daughter of Mrs. Griffin. Juanita Cowart, 4 years old. Joyce Cowart, 2 years old. Monk Izard, driver of the truck, was arrested. —_— BIDS TO BE OPENED ‘acavation to Begin on Low-Rent Housing Project. Excavation bids for Washington's first low-rent housing project to be built with public works funds will be opened at 3 o'clock this afternoon in the auditorium of the Interior Depart- ment Building. A. R. Clas, director of housing, will preside at the opening. Langston Ter- race, as the housing development for colored families is to be known, will be located on Benning road northeast in the vicinity of Twenty-fourth street. —_— COUNT FACES CHARGES BUDAPEST, Hungary, November 12 (/).—Count George Apponyi, one of the Hungarian Legitimist leaders, faced charges today for illegal polit- {cal activities. The public prosecutor announced he has started action against the count on the ground the latter is responsible for the distribution of postai cards bearing a picture of Otto of Haps- burg, pretender to the presently non- . existent Austro-Hungarian throne. The pictures were distributed during @ recent election campaign, and were dmmediately confiscated by, police. L) ! drinking glasses, “We have no power per se to re- | view and annul acts of Congress on | the ground that they are unconstitu- tional. That question may be consid- ered only when the justification for some direct injury, suffered or threa: ened . .. is made to rest upon such an | act . . . (our) power amounts to little | more than the negative power to dis- | regard an unconstitutional enactment, which, otherwise, would stand in the enforcement of a legal right.” The New Deal is still checking closely on what is said about it in the press. The “Press Intelligence Bureau” issues privately a daily pamphlet containing an exhaustive review of mewspapers throughout the country. A recent issue listed flve editorials on Tugwell’s resettle- ment plan. Three were favorable, two unfavorable. There were 13 editorials listed on the A. A. A. that day. Eight were unfavorable, five favorable. One of the editorials criticized the A. A. A. for licensing the watermelon industry. £ If the Supreme Court went on strike it would be bigger news than a justice biting an elephant. One justice pri- vately suggested it to his associates a few days ago. He recommended that they absent themselves from the bench unless something was done to appease their dissatisfaction over the glaring lights in the new court room. (Copyright, 1935.) Lunch Room Man Fined. Jeremiah J. Curtin, operator of a lunch room at 224 Fourth street southwest, pleaded guilty to a viola- tion of the health ordinance in Police Court today and was fined $15 by Judge Isaac R. Hitt. He was charged with failing properly to » Files Plea EGBERT ROSECRANS, 'Hauptmann (Continued From First Page.) and that “this fellow has been the inspiration for the greatest series of the meanest crimes in the history of the world.” Wilentz Held Unfair. “The summation of the attorney general,” the defense said, “abounded with objectionable stalements such as declarations of opinion as to the guilt of defendant, comments on facts out- side of evidence, statements of facts within the knowledge of the attorney general only, unfair comments on prior convictions, unfair attacks on the character of the defendant although his character was not put in issue, insinuations that counsei for defend- ant had tampered with cxhibits, unfair insinuations as to the opinion of de- fense counsel as to the guilt of the accused and appeals to prejudice by inflammatory arguments. * * * “The State court in its opinion intimated that there was error, but held that the {ailure to object waived the same. The argument on this point is that the court should inter- vene * * * when necessary to se- cure a fair trial” Death Theory Contradicted. The defense said the State tried | the case on the theory the child died in a fall from the kidnap ladder, but that Wilentz, in his summation, charged the child was killed in its| crib by a blow from a chisel. This, Rosecrans said, “injected into e case an entirely new theory as| the commission of the murder in that the State charged a wilful, de- liberate and premeditated killing in all of its essentials. * * * | “The defendant was entitled, as a | matter of absolute law * * * that| the State of New Jersey be confined | in its summation to the proof of the fall of the Lindbergh baby from the ladder.” Fallure to sequester the jury prop- erly, the defense said, resulted in the jury being subjected to “expressions of popular opinion detrimental”’ to Hauptmann. BALLET TROUPE TURNS TO OPERA REHEARSALS American Company Cancels Tour After Break With Manage- ment Company. | with disappointment and sorrow that | we confess that the world’. gain thus SPEECH IS THRUST AT DIGTATOR RULE Italy Forcefully Accused of Breaking Treaty to Outlaw War. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. President Roosevelt not only sensed the feeling In the hearts of his coun- trymen in his Armistice day speech, but, significantly, he employed the oc- casion to tell the world, in as diplo- matic words as he could command, that America is not blind to the as- saults being made against democracy. As head of a Nation which is at peace with all the other nations in the world, irrespective of their forms of government, Mr. Roosevelt could not afford to challenge concretely the na- tionalism of any country or leader, but the words of the President's| speech will be read in the chancelleries of Europe without any doubt as to their true significance or the applica- tion of his words to Italy and Ger- many and dictatorships that threaten world peace. There could be no clearer accusa- tion of Italy’s breaking of the Kellogg- Briand treaties outlawing war than is contained in the following utterance by Mr. Roosevelt: “We are acting to simplify defini- tions and facts by calling war ‘war’ when armed invasion and a resulting killing of human beings take place.” No Quibbling in Statément. The foregoing quotation is a rorre-} ful reminder to the world that the| United States was the first to issue & neutrality proclamation and to put into effect an embargo on war muni- tions. There was no quibbling as to whether Italy and Ethiopla went to war. The President wants it under- stood, apparently, that he considers| Italy's armed invasion of Ethiopia as/ a violation of the pledge given by Italy | to outlaw aggressive war. “But though our course is consistent and clear,” said the President, “it is| far has been small. “I would not be frank with you if T did not tell you that the dangers that confront the future ot mankind as & whole are greater to the world and therefore to us than the dangers which confront the people of the United States by and in themselves alone.” In that sentence is really a startling confession and one that will not soon | be forgotten as having been said by | a President of the United States in the midst of a critical situation abroad. Here Mr. Roosevelt plainly implies that America may try to be neutral, may try to keep out of actual conflict, but the political and eco- nomic repercussions from other parts of the world may catch the American people in the sweeping tide of world | movements. Explains Basis of Fears. Lest there be doubt as to just what | he meant, the President makes fit| | |clear in his next sentence what is really at the bottom of his fears: | “Jealousies between nations con-| tinue, armaments increase, national | ambitions that disturb the world peace | are thrust forward. Most serious of all, international confidence in the | sacredness of international contracts is on the wane.” ‘This is but a paraphrase of the cry | that treaties are being torn into “scraps of paper,” a cry that was raised 21 years ago :nd contributed | not a little to the American public | opinion which sanctioned a “war to| By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, November 12—The | | American ballet, its first tour abruptly | Wane, who but Germany, Japan and | halted recently at Scranton, Pa., will | Italy have given any more conspic- | devote ltself beginning December 16 | to ballet portions of grand operas at| the Metropolitan Theater, Edward M. | M. Warburg, one of its impresarios, i “Next year we certainly hope to it was too late to go under another Cancellation of the tour, he said, resulted from an upsetting of arrange- ments with a management company in which all appearance contracts had been vested. ‘The troupe is here rehearsing for its opera work. Throws Iron at Husband. KANSAS CITY (#).—It was a stormy night and Mrs. W. D. Kerstann, alone and nervous, began to iron to calm | her nerves. Suddenly, in a mirror | she glimpsed the reflection of a man | behind her. She turned and hurled | the iron—narrowly missing her hus- | band, returning from a show. Irvin S. Cobb Says: Trousers Take One Step While Prince of Wales Takes Two. SANTA MONICA, Calif., November | 12.—All is excitement in London. The Prince of Wales has adopted a new style in trousering called the “straight outline.” With no desire to be morbid, I've gone into the fas- cinating details. I glean from the cablegrams that. they touch the wearer in but one place, and only then if his royal highness is sit- ting down. When walking, he has to take two steps while the trousers are taking one. 1t's as though Slim Summerville swiped my things and was trying to escape with the goods on. I shall not follow the royal exam- ple. As a snappy dresser I never 4| war, in fact he deplores it, and the end wars.” If international confidence in “international contracts” is on the | uous examples of deflance of treaties? And where, except in the countries that have suppressed democracy. has there been any evidence of “national | imbitions that disturb the world peace?” | Had Mr. Roosevelt’s speech been | uttered in 1917, it weuld have been | recognized as a counterpart of the philosophy which led President Wil- son to declare war in the hope of | saving democracy. That America did | not succeed in her objective and that | the world has reverted to a situation even worse, in some respects, than it faced in 1914 is not the fault of the one country which got nothing out of the peace conference, indeed asked for nothing. Pacifistic Views Criticized. ‘The one blot on the years that have passed since the Armistice day of 1918 is the attitude of misguided | pacifists who are trying to tell the generations that have come of age since then that the United States went into the European war for self- ish, commercial reasons. There can be no question but that | commercial rivalries helped to bring on the war in 1914, but to imply that the American people were led child- like by financial considerations or by financial leaders or that President Wilson was duped into entering the war is to obliterate the facts of 1917, when Mr. Wilson and the American people saw the conflagration in Eu- rope rising to the point that even the seas were no longer free and inno- cent human life was being destroyed without warning as ships flying the American flag were torpedoed by Ger- man submarines. The road to war in 1917 is a question of fact with which competent historians will deal. It cannot be erased by hindsight rea- soning. . Mr. Roosevelt makes no defense of | key to his mind may be found in the following compact sentence that ex- presses American policy in a way that will prove satisfactory to all citizens, irrespective of party: “While, therefore, we cannot and must not hide our concern for grave world dangers, and while, at the same time, we cannot build walls around ourselves and hide our heads in the sand, we must go {rward with all our strength to stress &% strive for international peace.” (Copyright. 1935.) CHEEK-TO-CHEEK DANCE RULED POOR ETIQUETTE seem to get anywhere, somehow. George Ade once said no matter what I put-on I still looked like Paducah, Ky., and when I resd what the well- dressed man will wear I sorrowfully admit there’s nothing correct about me except my back collar button, and I'm not so sure about that. It's one of those plain bone ones—nothing flashy. : So I shall continue to stick to the garments inclosing me at the moment. They are, as you might say, my pre- depression pants. In youth they shel- tered me; I'll not desert them now. Besides, I might be arrested. 1 shall go further into the subject. Watch this space for important de- velopments. 8 New York Teachers’ Society Holds Fad Is Conducive to Bad Posture. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, November 12.—"Cheek- to-cheek” dancing may be the young generation’s delight, but it's poor ball room etiquette, the New York Society of Teachers of Dancing decided yes- terday. Through = its spokesman, Oscar Duryes, the soclety condemned the 1935 fad of “stream-lined” dancing as contrary to good taste and conducive to bad posture. “We can’t eontrol the public's likes and dislikes, but the fundamentals of dance.steps ang posture should be remembered,” . said. ] D. C., TUESDAY, BYCAPT.ANDERSON Pilots Happy Over Stratosphere Feat NOVEMBER 12, 1935. FORD TURNS BACK. ONN.R A PARLEY Curt Three-Sentence Note Says Advice Was Not Asked Before. By the Associated Press. Edsel Ford, president of the Ford Motor Co., has rejected curtly the Government's invitation to participate in a business-labor conference on needs for a new N. R. A A letter three sentence; long. ad- dressed to George L. Berry, President Foosevelt’s industrial co-ordinator, said: “We have not participated in such conferences in the past an’ our obe servation of their effect upon the recovery of the Nation's economic health has not convinced us that any | beneficial end will be served by them now. “Our experience and counsel, to which your letter refers, are always at the service of the Government. “Hitherto unquestivnable acquies- cence and not counsel has been asked.” Berry yesterday made public the letter from the son of the noted man- ufacturer. The Ford company never signed a certificate of comphance under N. R. A. Its rejection of the December 9 conference invitation aligned it with the rest of the auto- mobile industry In a reply to Ford. Berry te that Capts. Albert W. Stevens (right) and Orvil A. Anderson, who sent the stratosphere balloon, Explorer 1I, to 73,000 feet, are pictured as they thawed out in a farmer’s house last night following there landing at White Lake, S. Dak. FLIGHT DETAILED Tells of Near Disaster at Take-0ff—Unable to See Stars. BY CAPT. ORVIL A. ANDERSON, | Pilot_of the stratosphere b Explorer 11 (Written for the Associated Press.) | (Copyright. 11435, by the Associated Press) KIMBALL, S. Dak., November 12 The third stratosphere balloon flight sponsored by the United States Armv and the National Geographic Society, as far as Capt. Albert W. Stevens and I were able to tell, was a success in | every way The flight itself was fine, but the waiting for satisfactory weather was hell. We went up to 73.000 feet and could | have gone 5000 feet higher in safety. We experienced no discomfort al-| though temperatures outside were as low as 76 degrees below zero. Inside the gondola, temperatures went no lower than 23 degrees above zero. From a study of maps we were con- vinced yesterday that satisfactory con- | ditions prevailed after six weeks of waiting. We gave the order to start inflating about 1 p.m. Sunday. Two Hours Lost. We started actually putting in gas but were subjected to delay as a result of a fabric flaw and we had to do a | field repair job. We were aot able to | get off until about 7 am.. cutting two | hours off our flight. This made it | mandatory that we eliminate the in- | termediate stop at 53,000 feet, and that we go instead straight to the top. which we did. ‘We cleared the rim of the bowl by about 50 feet. We had to take off | in the direction of the highest cliffs. | | We left about 800 pounds light, this being necessary because we had a northwest wind running at the take-off and the balloon had to be shot into the air pretty fast. | About 50 feet over the rim a stiff | down draft struck the balloon, mak- ing it necessary to discharge 750 | pounds of ballast rapidly in order to avoid being thrown down against the cliff. This was the toughest spot of our flight. After reaching an altitude of about 15,000 feet I slowed our rate of ascent so that Capt. Stevens could rig the instruments which trailed under- | neath the gondola ropes. After we | had both returned to the gondola we sealed the ports and started up again. Instruments Put in Operation. We then started what instruments | were not already in operation, includ- ing our air purifier. Capt. Stevens kept an eye on all the instruments. while I watched navigation, trying to maintain an ascent of 400 feet a min- ute. As the balloon approached the height at which the bag was fully expanded I slowed the climb to 200 feet a minute in order to avoid strain. We reached 73,000 feet 4 hours after our take-off. As this was the approxi- mate height desired. I stopped the bal- loon and maintained that altitude for an hour and 40 minates, starting down | at 12:30 pm. At the peak of our flight we were | hovering over the Niobrara River in Northern Nebraska. Unable to See Stars, T attempted to pick out stars in the heavens, but was unable to see any. The moon was not out yet. The sky ‘was a dark blue, tinged with purple. Beneath us, nearly 14 miles away, the earth lost much of its detail and the horizon was an indistinct blur. Railroads and highways were scarcely visible. Only rivers, towns and small checker-board design of farms could be seen. + The instruments were all working perfectly. 'The balloon functioned properly and everything went on schedule. Valving (releasing gas) to begin our descent, we slipped down through the stratosphere to 25,000 feet before we began to toss over ballast. From 16,000 feet to the ground we let drop some 2,000 pounds of ballast. Excess cargo was dropped with para- chutes. At 15,000 feet we picked out a suitable landing area, but maintained our descent at about 500 feet a minute. Perfect Landing Made. At 1,500 feet I tossed overboard the last battery and began paying out 40- pound sacks of lead dust. In this manner the balloon’s @rop was slowed to 100 feet and then to 50 feet a minute, As we approached the landing site, I dropped a drag rope, but motorists who were following us did not under- stand that we wanted them to act as an anchor by grabbing the rope. We were then traveling about 11 miles an hour. | thing going all right now. Abandoning the attempt to land the balloon without deflating the bag, I let it settle to within 2 feet of ~—Copyright, A. P. Wirephoto, Radio Tells Story of Flight Terse Flashes Trace Progress of Ascent Into Stratosphere and Give Vivid Picture of Activity Within Gondola. B. ths Associated Press. RAPID CITY, S. Dak., November 12.—"Up ship” commanded Capt. Orvil A. Anderson, pilot of the Explorer IL ! at 8 am. (Central standard time) yes- terday to start the ship on a journey which today was believed to have ex- tended farther into the stratosphere than man ever before had penetrated. Fifteen minutes later, Capt. Albert W. Stevens, commander of the expedi- tion reported by short wave radio “everything O. K. Altitude 11,700 feet.” Story of Flight. The story of the flight as reported in terse radio flashes from the balloonists follows: | 8:30 am. Capt. Stevens: “We cleared the rim of the bowl by about 50 feet. We hit a down draft and had | to drop ballast to get safe clearance.” 10:07 a.m.: “We're up 21,000 feet and going up 300 a minute. Every- It's getting more comfortable in here. Tempera- ture now 2 degrees above zero. Not bad. We got one leak here, we've got | to fix it.” 10:25 am.: “We're at 28,000 feet and | going up 500 feet a minute. We have to watch everything very carefully.” 11:07 a.m.: “We're over the Niobrara River (Nebraska) now. Instruments working O. K.” 1117 am.: “At 55000 feet now. That's 15,000 feet into the stratos-| phere.” | 11:28 am.: “We're about 60,000.| We're not going to stop until we hit the ceiling (74.000) in about an hour and a half. And we’'ll stay there an hour and a half. We're about to start the cosmic ray apparatus as soon as we finish talking.” Mrs. Anderson Asks Question, 11:15 am.—Mrs. Orvil Anderson. wife of pilot, in talking from Rapid City bowl asked: “Where are you?" 'm up in the air." “What's the altitude?” “It's 54.000 feet. We're on our way to the ceiling now.” 11:55 am.: “We're now at 72,000 | feet.” (Breaking official record by 10,000.) 12:10 p.m.: “Barometer shows pres- | | the record and everything sure of 29 millimeters (Ground crew computed this as being 73,000 feet—a new record.) “Temperature minus 7 degrees cen- tigrade inside and minus 55 outside the gondola. The sky is white below, grading into a bright blue, and over- head it is a jet black.” 12:23 pm.: “We are starting to take pictures.” (Even the sound of the clicking of the camera shutter could be heard over the radio.) 12:11 p.m.—“We have just exceeded is going fine.” (Record unofficially set by three Russians in 1934 at 72,176 feet.) New Record Reported. 12:29 pm.: “We report a new strat- osphere record at 74.000 feet.” 12:57 pm.: “We are going to start | our descent shortly.” 1:05 pm.: “We're starting down now. It will take about three hours. We're going to try to come down very slowly. We want to get the cosmic ray measurements coming down as well as going up.” 1:20 pm.: “What part of Nebraska are we over now? We've heen too busy to navigate.” The reply was. “The last report placed you near Martin, S. Dak.” 1:30 p.m.—Anderson: “We've drop- ped to 68,000 and have some difficulty | in getting the rate of descent between 300 and 400 feet.” 1:53 pm.: “We're down to 61,000 feet.” 2:47 pm.: Everything O. K. We're taking more pictures.” 3:13 pm.: “Altitude now 31,000. We're dropping 500 a minute.” In a radio conversation with the Pan-American China Clipper plane, Capt. Stevens said. “We are getting on very nicely. We are more than half way down now.” 3:28 pm.: “The ballon is descend- ing too fast. We'Te throwing out ballast .1ow at the 23.000-foot level.” (Radio communication then ceased, the ground crew explaining the bal- loonists were too busy.) 4:13 pm.—The epic flight ended. One report from the White Lake field where the flyers landed said, “No- body got a scratch.” MORRO CASTLE FIRE | TRIAL IS STARTED Seven Indictments Face Four Defendants in Effort to Fix Blame. NEW YORK, November 12 (#).—The Federal Government today began prosecution of four defendants in an effort to fix the blame for the burn- ing of the Ward liner Morro Castle September 8, 1934, when 124 passen- gers and members of the crew perished off the New Jersey coast. Federal District Judge Murray Hul- | bert presided. The defendants were the New York & Cuba Mail Steamship Co., “the Ward Line”; Henry E. Cabaud, its executive vice president: William F. Warms, who succeeded the master of the ship when the latter died sud- denly a few hours before the fire, and Eben S.-Abbott, chief engineer. In seven indictments they were charged with criminal negligence. All have entered pleas of innoncence. Francis W. H. Adams, United States attorney, heading a large legal staff, moved for two alternate jurors “in- asmuch as this trial will take the bet- ter part of a month.” The bench granted the motion. Judge Hulbert, in an address to the jury panel, explained the statutes under which the defendants are being prosecuted. “The indictment,” he said, “charges the destruction of the Morro Castle | on high seas with loss of life. The statute provides that the captain, the engineer, or any other officer of the ship or company, whose negligence or misconduct causes the destruction, may be guilty of the crime.” Warms is charged with “unlawfully and wilfully, by misconduct, negli- gence and inattention to his dutles, failing to take such steps as were necessary for the safety of upward of 200 passengers, and as a result of his misconduct, negligence and inatten- tion to his duties the lives of upward of 50 persons were destroyed.” the ground, when I pulled the rip cord, releasing all the gas from the bag instantaneously. There was no verticle jar, although the gondola did roll over to an angle of sbout 90 degrees. None of the in- 'SALES IN OCTOBER UNDER SEPTEMBER But Department Store Total Is Well Above That of Month in 1934. By the Associated Press. crease, the Federal reported today that the value of de- partment store sales dropped off in October in comparison with the pre- ceding month. However, the month's sales were 6 per cent higher than in October last vear, while the 10-month cumulative total was 4 per cent higher than in the first 10 months of 1934. The board's index, which makes | allowance for usual seasonal move- | sales only 77 per cent of the 1923-25 |average during the month, as com- month and 79 per cent in August. LOCKED CONTROLS BLAMED FOR CRASH War Department Announces Findings in Probe of Giant Bomber's Destruction. By the Associated Press. Locked controls were blamed today by the War Department for the crash of the big new Army bomber at Day- ton, Ohio, on October 30. The official report was made by a board of investigation composed of ‘officers under Brig. Gen. A. W. Robins of the Army Air Corps, commanding officer of Wright Field, at Dayton. The findings were based on testi- mony of witnesses, as well as the fact the controls of the huge Boeing plane were found locked after the fatal test fifght. The pilot, Maj. P. P. Hill of New- buryport, Mass., was injured fatally and four others were less seriously hurt, | Machine-Age Mines. In more than half the mines of England coal is cut by machinery and carried underground by electric con- struments were veyors. 4 “We're down to 40.000.' Instead of the “usual” seasonal in-| Reserve Board | | ments and for differences in the num- | | ber of business days, showed October pared with 82 per cent the previous [ | “incredible as it m eem, what I want is counsel and unquestion= able acquiescence N. R. A. coincider. | ceptances and 10 r received to Berry's i while | 28 were indefinite or indecisive. The Southern Pine Association yesterday | wrote Berry it felt a revival of N. R A, would “retard industrial progress More than 5,000 invitatio: been issued to trade labor organizations and ind dustrial and labor leader: P‘fi{:;l — (Continued From First Page) said 22 ac- ts have been ations, idual in- a result of the expedition into the thin upper air. For more than eight hours the two balloonists, making their third at- tempt to ascend above 70.000 feet, were aloft, and most of the time was spent in scientific observations. Often they were so busy with their instruments they were unable to catry on a radio conversation with the ground They spent an hour and a half at the “ceiling.” which Capt. Anderson estimated at 73.000 to 74.000 feet ‘The trip, they said, was made with- out any of the troubles that beset their two prev attempts—in 1934, when the balloon ripped and they were forced to “bail out.” and last July. when the new bag, Explorer II, burst before the ascension. One accident, a 20-foot fabric rip. was remedied before the take-off. A patch, similar to a tire patch, was ce- mented onto the bag by an expert from the factory which constructed the balloon. As the balloon cleared the Black Hills flight base near Rapid City, a down draft of air caugh making it necessary to drop 800 pounds of lead ballast. Otherwise the flight without unusual incident The bag drifted southeast, followe ing the Niobrara River toward Valen- tine, Nebr. was made Begin Descent. At 1:05 p.m. the fiyers radioed they were starting down. Three hours later, after descending at a rate of 300 to 400 feet a minute, it had drifted northeast until it landed here. Under the skillful piloting. the gon- dola scarcely bumped as it touched earth. he airmen opened a rip panel on the balloon and the metal gondola rolled to one side and stopped. | Henry Ubel, who was not 50 feet from the craft when it landed, said the gondola came down “like a feather.” “There wasn't a bounce.” he said. “The big gas bag flattened out as they opened the rip panel, and the two captains, apparently ‘tickled to death’ climbed out, unhurt and not even scratched.” The captains organized volunteers to hold off souvenir seekers, and later went to Kimball, 18 miles away, for a night's rest. Elated Over Outcome. Both were elated, but neither would make a prediction as to the possible | outcome of their observations. “Boy, did it feel good to be on top of the world,” was Capt. Anderson's comment. The flyers said they noted a marked curvature of the earth from the height of 73,000 feet. They said they were impressed by the lack of detail in the earth’s surface. Larger towns were visible, but blurred, they reported. Capt. Anderson said he was confi- dent the balloon could have gone at | least 5,000 feet higher. He emphasized that his calculation of a 73.000-foc | ceiling was subject to check of th “meterograph” which was suspended below the gondola. “But we had a pretty good baro- graph,” he added. PICCARD AIMS AT 90,000 FEET. BRUSSELS, Belgium, November 13 (#).—Prof. Auguste Piccard, pioneer of stratosphere balloon flights, last night congratulated Capt. Albert W. Stevens and Capt. Orvil Anderson for their record ascension. disclosing that he has made plans to undertake a flight 90,000 feet above the earth. The flight, which would carry him about 3 mijes higher than the Amer= icans’ 74,000-foot ascension yesterdag, is only awaiting “necessary funds.” “I am happy at the success of the American ascension,” he said, “the de tails and preparations of which are ai- ready familiar to me. I sincerely con- gratulate the balloonists on getting so near the height at which they aimed. “The ascension must have been grand,” he said. “I regret that I was not in the party, as the capacity of their hellium-filled balloon is nearly twice what mine was.” BALLOONISTS ARRIVE TONIGHT, Capts. Anderson and Stevens May Fly Here by Plane, Officials of the National Geographic’ Society were advised today that Capts. Albert W. Stevens and Orvil Ander- son, the stratosphere balloonists, might arrive in Washington by plane tonight. They were expected to bring with them the meteorograph, on which the altitude attained in their flight yes~ terday was recorded for official pur~ poses. It will be turned over to the soclety and to the National Bureau of Standards for calibration. b <