Evening Star Newspaper, October 21, 1935, Page 2

HENDERSINDES CAORATOFWAR News of Ethiopian Conflict Was Kept From British Peace Exponent. By the Assoclated Press. LONDON, October 21.—Arthur Hen- derson, implacable foe of war, died without knowing his great dream of world peace had been shattered by the boom of guns in East Africa. Attaches of the West End Nursing Home were the president of the World Disarmament Conference died lost night disclosed today that Hen- derson—whose indefatigable crusade for peace was inspired by the death of his eldest son in the World War— had not seen a newspaper for six ‘weeks. Nor had the 72-year-old statesman been told of the mounting European crisis for fear the shock would prove too great. Known as “Uncle Arthur.” Scores of the nation’s leaders in- tent on forging Great Britain's for- eign policy where he left off in 1031, when the labor government fell, paid him tribute as a gentle, beloved ideallst known as “Uncle Arthur.” George Lansbury, who succeeded Henderson as chairman of the Par- liamentary party in 1981, said: “I wish his passing might induce states- men of the world, even at this late hour, to call a halt in the mad race of armaments.” The death of Henderson, who start- ed life as an iron molder in Glas- gow, Scotland, marks the passing of the first of a coterle of humble born British workmen who dedicated their youth to the upbuilding ot.nrxnsh labor in the pre-war years. They made labor a powerful force in British public life during and after the war and rose to power on labor's forward surge. Nobel Peace Prize Winner. Henderson, who less than a month ago underwent an operation, won the ! Nobel Peace Prize in 1934. | His death brough expressions of | sorrow in Geneva. An attempt to| revive the World Disarmament Con- ference was made last month, but it was abandoned on the ground that the Italo-Ethiopian conflict and other reasons made it hopeless so far as achieving anything was concerned. The Council of the League of Na-| tions, which appoints the president | of the conference, must decide| ‘whether to replace him. Had Been Long Sick. Arthur Henderson was a sick man when, as its chairman, he opened the World Conference on Disarmament at Geneva in February, 1932. Sicker, probably, than many of those ! who saw and heard him realized, for | ruddy good health and geniality sloughed rapidly away from him after the Labor party's catastrophic defeat in the English general elections in | the Fall of 1931. Possibly the strain of the campaign and the hectic months that went be- fore it, the opposition of old friends and the fact that he was the focal peint of the attack, may have aggra- vated his ailment. At all events, he learned the news of his own over< whelming defeat while lying ill in & hotel bed room. He was chairman of England’s La- bor party, succeeding Ramsay Mac- Donald, and for the moment it must have seemed the collapse of a life- time’s hard work. His illness prevent- ed further public appearances in Eng- land for many weeks and he went to the south of France to recuperate. For a time it was thought that an “operation would be necessary. Tenacious Character. Known from Land's End to John 0’ Groats as genial, smiling, expansive— almost an impersonation of the well known figure of John Bull—Hender- son’s face was haggard, drawn with suffering and deeply creased when the Geneva Conference met. But despite the bitter campaign which had sprung up in England against his keeping the post of chairman, he did so. Certainly this told something of his tenacity of character. He was born in Glasgow September 13, 1863, into a poor family. As a youth -he was apprenticed to the iron workers’ trade in Newcastle and it was through his trade union that he climbed into national politics and Pprominence. By 1903 he was mayor of Newcastle. ‘The next year he was elected to Par- liament, holding the seat until 1918. He was defeated in the “khaki” elec- tion of that year along with most of the other Labor party candidates. But he came back in 1922. Chairman of Labor Party. Henderson was first made chairman of the Labor party in 1908, and in 1914, when pacifism forced Ramsay MacDonald out of politics, he again took the reins. Joining the war-time coalition gov- ernment, ne became president of the Board of Education. In 1916 he was baymaster general and labor adviser to the government. The next year the cabinet sent him on the first British mission to Russia, with authority to stay there as Am- bassador at $40,000 a year if he thought it the thing to do. In Lloyd George's war cabinet he was minister without portfolio until, annoyed by the Welshman's tactics, he 5 He was home secretary in the first Labor government and secretary of state for foreign affairs and a world figure in the 1929-1931 Labor cabinet. Triumphs. in Foreign Fields. Most of Labor’s triumphs in this, its second, government came in the foreign field—which is to say that Arthur Henderson did a good job. One of his maxims was that noth- ing was more vital to world stability and peace than an understanding be- tween Britain and America. His other preoccupation in the for- eign field was disarmament and he spent no little of his health in its be- half. He was married in 1888, but Mrs. What’s What Behind News ital In Capi Free, but It’s Strictly Academic. BY PAUL MALLON. OME people have been putting of State Secretary Hull to- gether with the stabilization willingness of Treasury Secretary Mor- genthau and arriving at the conclusion ‘That is not the right answer. It is not even being discussed, except aca- demically. That is why Hull and Mor- genthau can afford to be so free in Their financial advisers have told them it is impossible, and that the developments in Europe lately have made it even more impossible. In thought lately has been far beyond such orthodoz procedure. There has been a revival of inner interest in the possibilities of “an inter- and in the forgotten ideal of the New Deal, the commodity dollar. These are not to be taken very seri- ously either as yet, except as they re- ioned ideas of stabilization in the New Deal mind. The commodity dollar theory is, of course, considered out of the interna- Stabilization Talk Is the currency stabilization hopes that stabilization is near. their pious public expressions. fact, the real inside trend of national currency other than gold” flect the remoteness of the old-fash- tional question by the money policy handlers of the administration. The most optimistic among them has come to the conclusion now that it might work all right if trade balances could be canceled off, but nations must have some form of international money to pay for the excess of purchases over sales. Dog-Cat Fight Nearer. The inefficiency of gold as a method | of payment is being considered, in view of the fact that the stability of the dollar is draining gold from the rest of the world, and probably will continuc to do so. The question is what the rest of the world will use for | international payments when its gold | is gone. You may suspect this would en- courage the other nations to be drawn into some gtabilization arrangement. The reverse is true. Their gold weak- ness would place them at a disadvan- tage in any gold stabilization nego- tiations. Thus the gold dog continues to chase the trade cat in an ever-dimin- ishing circle, getting nowhere, except toward a tooth and claw clash in the center. Another reasom why Hull and Morgenthau feel free to speak is because they know Britain is hold ing up stabilization and will cone tinue to do so. Britain does mot want to tie herself down in the ezisting situation. When she will care to, if ever, is mot yet within the realm of speculation. Members of Congress have been slipping back into town, one by one, lately. It seems that many of those | who went home after the close of the session were besieged from morning until night by job seekers, relief call- ers, etc. The record for the round-trip jump was established by one member, who traveled 2,000 miles to his home, re- mained one day and then started back to Washington. Another recent arrival here said that while home he had to go to his downtown office through alleys in or- der to get away from begging con- stituents. Hull Drops Dignity. The dignity of the State Depart- ment is never forgotten and rarely lost, but Mr. Hull dropped it on the floor the other day and almost shat- tered it. Hull was attending one of those buffet luncheons of the Pan-American Union. Latin - American diplomats were thicker than at a Rio flesta. They all forgot him in the rush for food, all of them standing in a corner, jug- gling a plate of lamb stew. He got along decorously until his fork slipped, unobserved, to the floor. Stiff and starched, in a morning coat, he tried to reach for it with one hand, while holding the stew in the other. His foot kicked it and he chased it, only to have the same deplorable thing happen again. He could not eat with his fingers, nor could he get down on his hands and knees and corner the fork. The last shred of his dignity was saved by a sympathetic mewsman who rescued the fork and enabled Mr. Hull to resume his luncheon before the returning diplomats caught him playing one-handed leap-frog with himself. Another case of bad addition lately was the rumored assumption that President Roosevelt was rushing back to Washington because he planned to disembark at a Florida or South Carolina port. The fact is Mr. Roose- velt told newsmen off the record at Hyde Park before he left that he intended to curtail his trip exactly that way. THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. ¢, MONBAY Traffic Hazard Created by Circle Bus Tcrminal The top photograph fllustrates by use of Chevy Chase Circle for a graphically the traffic hazard created bus terminal. All south-bound traffic on Connecticut avenue, an important artery into Maryland, must pass between two rows of parked busses. Many of the bus passengers are trans- ferred at this point and have to pick their way across the highway, the view of which is obstructed by parked busses. This side of the circle is in SHP AND GREN 0F 31 DSAPEAR 'Stricken Vessel Hunted in Vain—Storm Brings Many S 0 S Calls. | By the Associated Press. LONDON, October 21.—Eight ships searched today for 37 men feared freighter in a raging storm which killed 13 and injured scores in the British Isles. The crew of the Vardulia took to its lifeboats in tempestuous seas 400 miles west of the Hebrides, after sending S O S calls Saturday. Since then there has been no trace of the storm-lashed crew or of the ship. The crew of the freighter Penden- nis, wireless messages related, was luckier. Before the Pendennis sank in the North Sea, whipped by the same storm, the Norwegian steamer Iris reached her and took off 22 men. Storm Dying Down. + The first fury of the storm along the British Isles was believed abating today, but hundreds of craft, which had fought to reach the nearest shel- ter, still hugged the harbors. The steam trawler Riveravon limped into Granton Harbor, Scotland, bring- ing the body of her mate, George Watt, 27, knocked overboard Satur- day. For 10 minutes he battled the mountainous waves before he was hauled aboard, fatally hurt. The 6,000-ton French steamer Adrar went aground near the Island of Sylt, off Denmark, and the 6,000~ ton German freighter Erfurt put into Bremerhaven with its motors dam- aged by buffetings. 8 O 8 calls were received from the Italian steamer Pilso, 8,000 tons; the French Ouvertine, 2,114 tons, and the Latvian Kandava, 1905 tons, but their positions and conditions were not given. Ferryhoats plying between Germany and Denmark have not been operated since Saturday. e HEART ATTACK FATAL HUNTINGTON, W. Va., October 21 (P).—Prof. L. J. Corbly, 73, head of the Marshall College Department of German, and former president of the college, died suddenly of heart disease in his home yesterday. He was president of Marshall from 1896 to 1915 inclusive, and returned in 1915 as professor of German. He was an authority on astronomy and bibli- cal history. Irvin S. Cobb Says: Crosses in Soldiers’ Ceme- tery Are Plus Marks to Certain Traders. SANTA MONICA, Calif., October 21.—Certain interests in certain sea- board cities wail because our President enforces the order prohibiting ship- ment of arms and munitions lost after abandoning a foundering | POLICEWOMAN SHOOTS OFFICER BY MISTAKE | Thinks Patrolman, Sent to Inves- tigate Report of Screams, Is Prowler. By the Associated Press. LOS ANGELES, October 21.—O. D. Yancey, a policeman, was shot and critically wounded in the head last night by Policewoman Jean P. Pierce, outside a window of her home. The officer neighbor's report that screams had | been heard in the vicinity. Physicians at the Georgia Street Re- | ceiving Hospital said they did not be- lieve Yancey would recover, Missionary to Speak. Mrs. Julia Lake Kellersberger, mis- sionary, recently returned from the Congo, Africa, will speak on her work at the Church of the Pilgrims to- night at 8:15 o'clock. The public is who said she mistook him for a prowler | was investigating a | - ‘OCTOBER 21; 1935.” ] Maryland and Chevy Chase residents have proposed that the present facilities at Chevy Chase Lake be used as a terminal, thereby eliminating transfers at this point, Lower photograph: Looking south to the circle from the Maryland side. “HUMAN CANNON BALL” STUNT PROVES FATAL | Youth Catapults Himself Over Park Bench and Breaks His Neck. By the Assoclated Press. MILWAUKEE, October 21 —Fifteen- | year-old Joseph Lutz died of a broken | neck yesterday trying to emulate the “human cannon ball,” but without the | cannon and the usual catching net. With companions as an audience |and only soft turf and fallen leaves | on which to fall, young Lutz catapult- | ed himself over a park bench. His friends picked him up unconscious. He died shortly afterward at Emerg- | ency Hospital where physicians said his neck had been broken. L4 Landslide Kills Five. SOUILLAC, Prance, October 21 (#). —A landslide crashed down upon & party of 16 school children yesterday, —Star Staff Photos. BUSSES AT CIRGLE DAMAGE PARKWAY Gartside Says Patrons Wait- | ing for Vehicles Scat- ter Debris. ‘The creation of a new problem in| the use of Chevy Chase Circle as an | outdoor bus terminal has resulted in | |8 detriment to park maintenance in | that area, Prank T. Gartside, assistant superintendent of the National Capital Parks, declared today. He viewed we problem of the bus terminal as one for the District Commissioners and the | Public Utilities Commission to solvs, although he said that an added our- den is being thrown on the park wu- ;thomlu by reason of the new con- | brothers, bachelors and partners. dition, Persons waiting for the busses throw invited. killing five and injuring two. AUTO SHOW PUZZLE CONTEST, THIS IS PUZZLE ‘NO. 13. THIS IS PUZZLE NO. 14. T MAR To Hurt or Damage, | | SKI | To Venture. The Swell of the Sea, .. from November 2 to November 9, 1935, inclusive, at the 11, 2601 Calvert street northwest, opposite Hotel Shoreham, the suspices of Washington Automotive Trade Association, which, with co-operation of The Star, is conducting this contest. DODGE LINCOLN FORD NASH HUPMOBILE LAPAYETTE LA SALLE ‘The first pussle appeared on October 8. The last tober 28. Previous pussies may be studied from the files in of The Star. Solve each pussle, and not earlier than October 29, but midnight, October 30, send all of the solutions with a than twenty (20) words “As to Why an Automobile Show % Trade newspapers, cigarette butts and other | debris in the vicinity of the cirele,! causing the park officials added ex- | pense. This is true not only in the District, but adjacent Maryland, offi- clals asserted. Favors Lake Site. 6. Gartside set it down as his private! opinion that the busses should run | on out to Chevy Chase Lake, instead | of halting as they do now, at the cir- cle, causing an unsightly condition lt1 one of the principal entrances to the| city. The situation is particularly| acute, he said, because of the lack of | adequate public. comfort facilities where the busses now halt. | The Chevy Chase, Md., citizens have started a drive to have the bus termi- | nal located at Chevy Chase Lake,| where the old street car barn is lo- cated. That would permit the devel- oping of a new and adequate bus terminal; remove the present objec- tion of cluttering up Chevy Chase Circle with busses and debris, and provide suitable public comfort con- veniences, which are now lacking, not only for the passengers but for the drivers of the busses, employes of the Capital Transit Co., he said. Company Faces Problem. With the sentiment of the citizens, both on the District and Maryland | sides of Chevy Chase Circle, against the erection of a bus terminal—tem- porary or otherwise—in that highly developed regidential section, the com- ing. pany is confronted with a real prob- lem of making adequate provision now for terminal facilities, before the cold and stormy weather sets in, observers believe. Plans are in the making for the calling of meetings to deal with the situation, which, it is expected, will grow steadily worse, as people lay up their private automobiles for the Win- ter, and bus patrons will be exposed to the elements, while waiting for busses to come along. Much oppo- sition is heard to the present timing of the busses, which now lay over at Chevy Chase Circle, turning this area into an open air garage and adding & new traffic menace to that quarter of the metropolis. VAN DUZER BEGINS NEW TRAFFIC STUDY Secks to Determine Whether| Further Restrictions Are Necessary Traffic Director Van Duszer began & series of studies today to determine whether any further traflic restrictions are necessary to curtall Washington's ever mounting highway toll be made at light-controlled intersec- tions to learn whether some of the signals should be kept in operation all night. \ Van Duser pointed out that the large increase in the number of reg- istered motor vehicles in the District VANSWERINGENS |SLOAN DISSECTS WRITE BOLD SAGA Tale of Their Climb, Fall and Rise Again Out- does Alger. This is the first in & series of four stories about the rise, fall and rise again of the Van Sweringen brothers, and the men who helped them “come back.” BY CHARLES NORMAN, NEW YORK, October 21 (#).—The heroes of “Sink or Swim” and “Do or Die” were failures compared with the Van Sweringen brothers. The fertile pen of Horatio Alger, Jr., whose stock in trade was a poor- but-honest boy who rose to_riches, would have shied away f; /fab- ulous story that tells how Van Sweringens came from obscure pov- erty to the throne of a vast railroad empire . . . saw the empire crumble, the throne fall . . . and then climbed back to the purple, Their story is the story as well of America’s growing pains, when rail- roads hurtling across the continent consolidated & sprawling land and | brought the message of the industrial East to the agricultural West, and the products of the farm to the marts of commerce. Perhaps the pioneering blood in the | veins of the Van Sweringens had something to do with it. The first Van Sweringens in Amer- ica pushed forward from the thriving | community of .New York after the Revolution, lured by land grants in West Virginia. They pushed on, crossing the Ohio | before calling & halt and staking off | the new, danger-infested world about them. The Van Sweringens of the twen- tieth century thrust West and East with steel—the gleaming steel of railroad tracks along which monster engines sang a modern song of em- pire. The era that saw the birth of Oris Paxton and Mantis James Van Swer- | ingen was propitio advent of two men who were to evolve an intricate pattern in their march to fortune and power. Three Ingredients. Two of the ingredients in that | pattern were money and railroad steel. The third was less definitive, but im- t | of his disillusionment. N.R A.DISILUSION Relates Experience in Warn- ing Against “Haphazard” Handling of Problems. BY DAVID LAWRENCE. - George A. Sloan was s0 sympa- thetic to the New Deal, as expressed in the N. R. A. in 1933, that what he says about his experience and what he advocates for the future as an agricultural policy for the Nation- take on much more importance than the views of some one who has been politically opposed to the Roosevelt administration. Mr. Sloan, moreover, as former president of the Cotton-Textile Insti< tute, has had an opportunity to see at first hand the problems of gove ernment without becoming in any way a victim of the political viewpoint which blinds so many observers to the truth and causes them to exags gerate virtues and minimize faults. Today Mr. Sloan has written & speech for delivery before the Ameri« can Bakers' Association in Chicago. He thinks the bakers and the textile men have much in common, because they both made substantial contribu- tions to employment and wages, both are burdened with processing taxes, both have experienced destructive competition and both were among the first to embrace the N. R. A., and both, he adds regretfully, “have suf- fered accordingly.” Many Subscribed to Principle. “Many business men,” he says, “in- cluding myself, were in sympathy with what we understood to be the under- lying purpose of N. R. A. as originally conceived. That was to promote na= tional recovery through industrial self- regulation with appropriate govern- mental supervision. We not only sub- scribed to the principle, but hundreds of business men from all over the Na- tion went to Washington and kept going to Washington to help put it into practical operation.” Then Mr. Sloan describes the period He speaks of “intelligent co-operation” being given at first, but this later changed to gov- ernmental indifference to the textile industry’s real problems. He remarks: “It was about this time, in the Sum- mer of 1934, that many business men came to the conclusion that the part- portant—personality. It was the Van Sweringen person- | ality that bearded J. P. Morgan in his Wall Street den and left a favorable impression on him. The road taken by the Van Swerin- to the citadels of wealth was not long, as such roads o, nor very bumpy. ©O. P. Van Sweringen was born | near Wooster, Ohio, April 24, 1879. ! | His brother, M. J., was born July 8, 1881. From games together and les- sons together, they struck out on the |Toad to fame and fortune together, | | and the vicissitudes of that fortune | have found them still together— Half & century ago, when the Van | Sweringen boys were going to public school, money was not thought of in terms of millions, but in dollars and cents. ‘Cireumstances forced' them to call & halt to their schooling at the end of their high schonl years. Boys Lost Mother. Their mother died when Oris was . Their father, James Tower Van Sweringen, had been an engineer in the Pennsylvania oil fields, a veteran of the Civil War. Ambition to better their lot drove them to Cleveland. They sold news- papers, got jobs with a chemical com- pany—as office boys—saved their money, were promoted together to the rank of clerks. They said little, gain- ing reputations for shyness and se- cretiveness which persist to this day. But at night, after work, they talked over their prospects, swapped plans and dreams for the future, examined possibilities. And one day they made the first move—and for newcomers to the world of real estate financing a bold one. The brothers were in their 20s. They noted shrewdly that Cleveland also was young . . . that it would grow . . . that it was destined to be an important center in the Nation's com- merce. Start With $100. Outside of Cleveland there was a community in the making known as Shaker Heights. Realtors of the city shied away from it—it was remote, un- developed; transit facilities were lack- The Van Sweringen brothers saw possibilities. They mustered together | the hundreds of dollars they had saved, bought an option, sold their idea and vision to civic leaders. They made friends—influential men in a Pposition to help. “Boy wonders” is what Cleveland called them. The Van Sweringen empire was in the making. (Tomorrow, the Van Sweringens buy into railroads.) DR. HORGAN WINS DIRECTED VERDICT Court Holds Patient Suing for $100,000 Has Failed to Make Case. Justice Peyton Gordon of District Supreme Court today directed a ver- dict for Pr. Edmund Horgan of 1726 I street, sued for $100,000 by Mrs. Ethel Parmer, 3711 Baker street, Mount Rainier. Md.,, who charges she was paralyzed as the result of a spinal anesthetic administered by the physi- cian. In asking for & directed verdict, nership relation, the very corner stone of every code and the whole N, R. A, was being brushed aside. * * ¢ I shall always believe that s few strong words from the administration at that time, as to the right to work and as to the fundamental impro- priety of attempting to amend a Fed- eral code by strike, would have pre- vented much hardship and suffering. Executive Order Changes. “Then came the increasing ten- dency to impose changes by executive order and less inclination on the part {of the administration to listen to the recommendations of industry. In- stead of the industrial self-regulation we had envisioned, we found ourselves floundering in a bog of bureaucracy. “During the last year of the code Investigation followed investigation. Demand and employment began to drop, export markets dwindled, im- portations of low-cost competitive goods increased at an alarming rate and meager profits turned into sub- stantial losses.” Mr. Sloan’s recital is interesting his- tory. The textile code was No. 1 on the list and a model for all others. But what the former head of the textile code says about the A. A. A. processing taxes is even more inter- esting: “It was only a few years ago that a proposal for a general sales tax amounting to only 2% per cent was | rejected by Congress. That proposal specifically exempted staple food prod- ucts and other necessities. Yet to- day the American public is paying in the form of processing taxes what amounts to a huge sales tax, in the case of cotton of 10 per cent or 15 per cent, and these processing taxes are for the most part to those necessities of life completely exempted under the earlier proposal. Incidentally the processing tax in 1934 amounted to approximately 40 |per cent of the total wage bill of the cotton textile industry. “We have heard a lot lately about taxes ‘soaking the rich' but what about the total processing tax of ap- proximately $500,000,000 a year cols lected by ‘soaking the poor’ through invisible taxes on such items as the bread they eat and the cotton overalls and work shirts they wear?" Disposes of Argument. Mr. Sloan disposes of the argument that the processing tax is nothing more than a tariff by pointing out that the tariff is imposed for the revenue of the Government, while processing taxes are imposed for the revenue of a special group in our population. He adds that none of the duties collected on their products are given to manufacturers, but are used for general expenses and for the gen~ eral welfare of the entire population. He declares that the tariff is intended to enable the industry protected to have freedom of production, but the processing tax is restrictive of pro- duction. Another difference cited by Mr. Sloan is that the processing taxes “reduce the total buying power of the taxed consumer to exactly the same extent that they increase the total buying power of the comparatively few receiving benefit payments.” A glance at the tariff schedules will reveal that it is “no easy matter for a foreign competitor to sell an agri- cultural product which is produced here in any substantial quantity,” and, for this reason, Mr. Sloan doesn’t think the farmer wants the tariff sys- tem regarded as benefiting only the industrialist. It is in the conclusions reached by Mr. Sloan and his recommendations