Evening Star Newspaper, October 2, 1935, Page 5

- LEAGUE IN DESPARR ON AFRIGAN PEACE “It Looks Like Beginning,” Official Says on News of Mobilization. By the Associated Press. GENEVA, October 2.—Gloom bor- dering on despair seized the League of Nations headquarters today. Al- most simultaneously with a protest | of Emperor Haile Selassie against an alleged Italian invasion of Ethiopia | news came rom Rome that the Italians | were beginning their mass mobiliza- | tion to demonstrate their national | #olidarity. | “It looks like the beginning,” com- | mented one League official. He pointed out that the present uncertainty was likely to remain until after Mussolini had spoken (at 12:30 p.m. Eastern! standard time), but little hope pre- | vailed that he would say anything to | refute the general belief here that he is determined to go ahead. | Council May Convene. i at is confirmed that Italian | troops actually have invaded Eth- jopia, the Associated Press was in- formed, it is likely that the Council Committee of Thirteen in its meet- ing tomorrow will call an immediate meeting of the Council itself. The partially completed historical narrative of the Italo-Ethiopian de- | velopments and the recommendations would then be brushed into a corner and the Coun- cil would proceed to the more im- portant task of determining the identity of the agressor. If Italy is named the agressor the rext move will be to determine what if any sanctions are to be applied | against her, and by whom. | Officials of the League were report- ed speculating as to whether—in the event sanctions were taken against Italy under the covenant—Great | Britain would request France to join | in an air blockade of Italy. At the same time, Italian sources, concerned with the possibility that the Suez Canal might be closed to Italian ! use, said that such action would be the most serious sanction which the League could take against Italy, since! it would cut off the Italian armies in East Africa from direct contact with | their homeland. These sources said such a step would be regarded by Italy as intolerable. | League Continues Study. | The League circles in which talk of an air blockade was reported con- | tinued their study of the consultation | between Great Britain and France over the questibn of collaboration be- | tween those two countries in the event | of hostilities affecting either one. Authoritative sources said they saw increasing difficulties toward making an economic boycott effective as a measure of restraint because of the| attitude of states outside the League— | such as Japan, the United States and | Brazil—and because of the reaction of | smaller League members, particularly Switzerland and Austria, neighbors of | Italy. | Further complications in the prob- | lem of sanctions were seen as it was learned from various Southeastern | European capitals that some system of | trade compensation must be devised to | balance the losses that would be suf- fered by the smaller countries joining | it any prospective economic boycott | egainst Italy. Mobilization (Continued From First Page.) their women they reported at local | Fascist headquarters, then marched, | with bands playing, to the public| squares of their communities. | The loud speakers erected to carry | 11 Duce’s words to the waiting multi- | tude were already in place. Flags flew over their heads. The | marching millions sang the “Giovin- | ezza"—the Fascist national hymn. Business came to a standstill. This was the anniversary of the plebiscite of 1870 which decided on | the union of provinces into the close- knit Kingdom of Italy. | Achille Starace, the Fascist party’s secretary general, issued the official call to the general mobilization—the long-expected “adunata”—over the Rome radio et 3:20 pm. (9:20 am, Eastern standard time), just 10 min- utes before the signal for general| mobilization was given. He gave the population two hours to reach their places, where they were to hear Il Duce speak to them. Bands Appear in Streets. Bands suddenly appeared in the streets, playing “Giovinezza,” the Fascist national anthem, and crowds going to their places of assembly took up the tune. Flags were unfurled from buildings throughout the country. Other ban- ners appeared in the streets, waved by women at their departing menfolk. During a two-hour interval the Fascist party arranged for a nation- wide radio hook-up covering 7,329 cities, towns and villages. The call for “Adunata” caught most people off guard. There had been many rumors it was imminent, but even today the government again de- nied it would be for today. stated, when the denial was made, is raining.” Cessation of the rain in the after- noon brought the decision for the mobilization. It had always been in- tended that the signal should surprise the people and test their alertness. When the signal came millions of men left their work, often in the midst of a task. All offices and stores were obliged to close. Only the public serv- ice enterprises continued to operate, but some of them were briefly affect- ed because of reduced staffs. Telephone and telegraph communi- eation suffered long inferruptions be- cause of the floods of messages and the reduced staffs handling them. The government today denied ¥thiopian charges that Italian forces had entered Ethiopia, stating “there has been no movement” of Italian troops in East Africa. The official spokesman also stated that neither the Ital Minister in Addis Ababa nor Italian consuls in Ethiopia had been instructed to leave that country. He pointed out that for the Minister to leave would mean the breaking of diplomatic relations —an act which has not taken place. He said that all Italians in Ethiopia some time ago “were advised” to leave the country and that most of the Italian women and children had left. However, he added, the Italians were not “ordered”. to leave and no date was set for their departure. Italy stimulated its troop move- ments to East Africa today in answer to renewed talk of sanctions. A new mass of soldiers embarked for Italy’s East African colonies to serve among the quarter of a mil- lion men drawing up for a conflict cousidered imminent, > committee’s | It < ":?i 1 munitions allegedly arriving for trans- THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, 1935. Warlike Scenes Mark Advance in Ethiopia No. 1—TItalian colonial troops stationed on the Somaliland-Ethio- pian border, near the point where today’s advance occurred, pass in review with their arms upraised. No. 2—Troops hailing Il Duce at Rome just before embarking for Ethiopia No. 3—An Ttalian machine gun crew, with gas masks, participates in mancuvers. No. 4—Ttalian officers and na- tive troops of the Somaliland in front of an armored truck, ready for action. —A. P. and Wide Word Photos. Ethiopia (Continued From First Page.) as the result of the invasion report, Emperor Haile Selassie would order national mobilization tomorrow. Barriers Reported Erected. The government was informed that the French have erected barriers, vis- ible from the air along the Italo- Franco border (the dividing line be- tween French Somaliland and the Italian colony of Eritrea) warning the Italians not to invade French territory. Mussa Ali is famous for its laby- rinths of slave caves which once formed the center of operations in the shipment of slaves to Arabia. ‘The fact that the government was utterly unaware of the establishment of the Italian bases 5o close to its own | borders emphasized the almost com- plete lack of telegraph facilities and other means of cammunication both to the north and south. ‘The Italian Minister to Ethiopia, Luigi Vinci-Gigliucci, today ordered all Italian-born residents of Ethiopia to leave by November 5—an order m- terpreted by some as the first certain sign of war. The Minister also ordered all Italian-protected Greeks in the empire to evacuate by the same date. He planned to leave himself, with other legation authorities, after the arrival of consuls now en route to the capital. | order | News of Vinci-Gigliucei's aroused apprehension among Etnio- pians and foreigners alike, who have regarded the Minister's presence or departure as the real barometer w the situation. Envoy Goes Within Fortnight. The Minister indicated that he may depart within a fortnight. For weeks, Italian Legation officials have been packing their effects and awaiting only Premier Mussolini’s order to depart. It did not become known immedi- ‘ul.ely what country the Italians would ask to represent them in Ethiopia in | the event of a rupture of diplomatic relations. The choice, however, seemed to irest between France and Belgium, | with the United States as a possible third choice. The Ethiopian government, mean- ‘whue, scouted reports that Japanese j officers arrived in British Somaliland, | en route to Ethiopia. | It took the same attitude toward |reports that Italian submarines were | stationed in the Red Sea to cut off shipment to Addis Ababa. Government officials said they had no knowledge of any American or Japanase munitions arriving at Ber- bera, Somaliland. TWO VISITORS FAMOUS Mrs. Gloria Vanderbilt and Lady Furness to Be at Luncheon. Invitations today were issued by Frank R. Jellefl’s, Inc., for a subscrip- tion luncheon next Monday at which Gloria Morgan Vanderbilt and her ‘slswr, Lady Furness, personally will | present original dress designs. ! Mrs. Vanderbilt is still fighting for {loeg da\;ghwr Gloria, now in the cus- y of an aunt, Mrs. Hi Payn Whitney. T THURSDAY DINNER $1.00—$1.25—51.50 . Dinner Music by National Symphony Ensemble Novel foods not usually found at home — attentive service, varied selections NO TIPPING ON CAPITOL HILL The DODGE HOTEL North Capitol and E Sts, SRR N N WARRUMORS SPUR. GOLDFLONTOU.S of from Europe continued today xiety over the Italo-Et t was heightened by r at | the African empire had been invaded by Italian troops. The new shipments to the United ates include one of 17,000,000 francs (about $1.015,000) in the liner Beren- | garia, arriving in New York next Tues- nancial circles reported that the andie, reaching America next , also will carry a large amount. They estimated that $70.- NEW YORK, October 2 (#).—The | following is the English translation of | Premier Benito Mussolini’s speech in | Rome as announced here today by | the National Broadcasting Co., which | broadcast the event Black shirts of revolution, men and women of all Italy, Italians all over the world, beyond the mountains, beyond the seas, listen. A solemn hour is about to strike in the history of the coun- try. Twenty million Italians are at this moment gathered in the squares of all Italy. It is the greatest demonstration that hu- man history records. Twenty million, one heart alone, one will alone, one decision. This manifestation signifies that the tie between Italy and Fascism is perfect, absolute, unalterable. Only brains softened by puerile illusions, by sheer ignorance can think differently because they do not know what exactly is the Fas- cist Italy of 1935. For many months the wheel of destiny and of the impulse of our calm determination moves towards the goal. In these last hours the Mussolini’ s Speech Nothing Can Stop Army on March Toward Right- ful Place in Sun of Colonial Empire, He Asserts. rhythm has increased and nothing can stop it now. Says Only Crumbs of War Booty Given to Italy. 1t is not only an army marching toward its goal, but it is 44,000,000 Italians marching in unity behind this army. Because the blackest of injustices is being attempted against them, that of taking from them their place in the sun. When in 1915 Italy threw in her fate with that of the allies, how many cries of admiration, how many promises! But, after the common victory, which cost Italy 600,000 dead, 400,000 lost, 1,000,000 wounded, when peace was being discussed around the table, only the crumbs of a rich colonial booty were left for us to pick up. For 13 years we have been patient while the circle tightened around us at the hands of those who wish to suffocate. We have been patient with Ethiopia for 40 years. It is enough now. The League of Nations Instead of recognizing the rights of Italy dares talk of sanctions, but until there is proof to the contrary I refuse to believe that the authentic people of France will join the supporting sanctions against Italy. Six thou- sand dead whose devotion was so heroic that the enemy commander justly admired them, those fallen, would now turn in their graves. And until there is proof to the contrary, I refuse to believe that the authentic people of Britain will want to spill blood and send Europe into a catastrophe for the sake of a barbarian country, unworthy of ranking among civilized nations. Just the same, we cannot afford to overlook the possible developments of tomorrow. To economic sanctions we shall answer with our discipline, our spirit of sacrifice, our obedience. To military sanctions we shall answer with military measures. AUTOMATIC HEAT With The Famous Jectric janitor Stop operating your furnace by guesswork. The Electric Janitor controls your furnace automatically from room temperature. Sim- ply set the thermostat and you have uniform heat at all times. Pays for itself in fuel savings. 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Let me repeat, in the most categorical manner, that the sacred pledge which I make at this moment be- fore all the Italians gathered to- gether today, that I should do everything in my power to prevent a colonial conflict from taking on the aspect and weight of a Euro- pean war. This conflict may_be attractive to certain minds which hope to avenge their disintegrated temples through this new catastrophe. Never as at this historical hour have the people of Italy revealed such force of character; and it is against this people, to which man- kind owes its greatest conquest, this people of heroes, of poets of saints, of navigators, of coloniz- ers, that the world dares threaten sanctions. Italy! Italy! Entirely and uni- versally Fascist. The Italy of the Black Shirt Revolution, rise to your feet, let the cry of your deter= mination rise to the skies and reach our soldiers in East Africa. Let it be a comfort to those who are about to fight. Let it be an en- couragement to our friends, and a warning to our enemies. It is the cry of Italy which goes beyond the mountains and the seas out into the great big world. It is the cry of justice and of victory. of greater values for since September 1. Bankers Discount Movement. Bankers, however, described the situation as “not alarming.” Even | without the threat of an Ethiopian they explained, there are, be- sides the anxiety over the Memel elec- tions, “normal reasons” for gold move- ments. European investors found the New York | ket profitable. Other explanations of | the heavy shipments were that they | are “seasonal” and in some cases at- tributable to the monetary and eco- nomic uncertainty in gold bloc coun- tries. said they have securities mar- Issues Drop on Bourse. On the Bourse issues dropped sharply as reports of the Italian in- | vasion of Ethiopia reached Paris. (The Rome government denied that its East African troops had crossed the Ethiopian frontier.) Yesterday’s gains were mostly dis- | sipated, the affected issues continu- ing a downward trend which preceded a rally. Government bonds and bank and industrial shares lost ground, while the break in Suez and Egyptiai stocks was marked. Allaying the Irvitation in CYSTITIS To neutralize the acids causing eystitis— bladder inflammation—drink ~ Mountain Hot Springs. Arkansas. Mildly alkaline. Deeply satisfying. Don't risk life-long suf- fering. Phone for free descriptive booklet. Mountain Valley Mineral Water Met. 1105 K St. N.W. = Valley Mineral Water direct from tamous | Reports Ethiopia Already In- ' . | vaded Send Capital Scur- rying for Refuge. By the Associated Press PARIS, October 2.—The flig gol | 000,000 worth of gold has left France | | | be forced to declare | “committed an ¢ BRITISH REASSURE FRANCE IN GRISIS Persuade Laval Hitler Will Not Aid Italy in Event of Sanctions. By the Associated Press. PARIS, October 2.—Authoritative sources today said that British of- ficials, negotiating with France for a united front in the event of sanctions in the Italo-Ethiopian conflict, have persuaded Premier Laval that Adolf Hitler will not advantage himself of France's military preoccupation to “profit from the situation.” This was learned following Premier Laval’s summoning of the natienal de- fense ministers when officialdom be- came alarmed over the reported inva- sion of Ethiopia by Italian troops. War Feeling Heightened. The British, this source continued, have assured Laval that Hitler will give this word that he has no inten- | tion in joining Italy if the League of Nations orders sanctions against Mus- solini’s government as the aggressor against Ethiopia. The premier said the reported Italian activities in East Africa brought sanctions near and heightened the war feeling in Europe. “We must remain cool,” said one official, while expressing the belief that the League of Nations Council would that Italy had of war against *kkx A5 other members of the League” if the entry of its troops into Ethiopia is proved. Gold Flight Worries Paris. The report from Ethiopla was but one item in the general war anxieiy that has seized France. The flight nf gold from France—reported by banke ers to total $70,000,000 since Septem- ber 1—and a movement by Leftist Deputies to hurry Parliament into ses- sion are regarded as other manifesta~ tions. Mussolini’s reported action in Ethio- pia, officlals said, may go far toward creating a unanimity in the French cabinet for a firm stand with Great Britain. | Pro-English ministers, including for- mer Premier Edouard Herriot, were reported insisting that Laval take a strong stand against Italy. If Laval refused to take such a stand, informed sources said, other ministers might resign, precipitating a cabinet crisis. | Their attitude was represented as being that the premier no longer was able to “ride both Italian and British horses.” Defense Committee Consulted. The government took time to cone | sult the National Defense Committee | before deciding its reply to Great Britain's question on how far it would co-operate with Britain in the Med- iterranean. With the views of the army, navy and air chiefs before it, the cabinet will discuss the terms of the reply Friday. L D m s S Thunder Frequency. ‘Thunder occurs on about 50 days a | year in the Southeastern States, mainly in Summer; on about 25 days a year from the Great Lakes to Arizona, and on about 10 days a year in Southern Canada. CANADA DRY GINGER ALE, INGC NEW YORK, N. Y. _—~""Stop at this sign Amoco-Gas and Orange American Gas' Both conditioned for uniform performance in any weather. AM ERICAN OiL. COMPANY