Evening Star Newspaper, October 2, 1935, Page 10

A—10 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. . WASHINGTO D. C. WEDNESDAY ............October 2, 1935 —THEODORE W. NOYES...........Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company. Business Ofce: . and Pennsylvania Ave. : c ; Burcoean Omes: 14 Regent St.. London. Engiand. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Rerular Ed entng Star © Fvenine and Sunday 8ta vhen 4 Sundays) -45¢ per month -60c per month _65c per month —~bc per copy _70c per month : St ~55c per month 7 each month. Orders muy be sent by mail or telephone Na- tional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. gr.. $10.00; 1 mo., 85¢ £6.00: 1 mo., dlc $4.00; 1 mo.. 40¢c Sunday only_ ally and Sunday lilg' ouly_ Bunday only. Member of the Associated Press. $K.00 $5.00; 1 mo., » Al rig] herein are also reserved e The Rallying Cry. President Roosevelt calls upon the liberals of all sects to get behind the New Deal. He offers it as a common ground upon which they may unite. In sum and substance such is the essence of his informal talk to seventy-five thou- sand men and women in Los Angeles yesterday The Southern California city is the hotbed of “isms.” Upton Sinclair and Dr. Townsend, famed for their have followers there galore, and so have the lesser Utopian prophets. It is a fertile field. If the Roosevelt appeal is effective, and if these various factions of liberalism line up for the New Deal next year, California, in the past 8o | strongly Republican, may be again found In the Democratic column. In his brief address to the Californi= ans the President was not complimen- tary to men and women of conservative stamp. He pictured them as content to | | especially as to what she would do in stand in one spot, easily united because they demanded only inaction. As for the liberals, who joyously demand ac- tion, Mr. Roosevelt said their greatest difficulty lay in the fact that they sought to reach the same end by different | routes. They fight like tigers for their own pet particular schemes. Obviously it is no easy task to persuadé #ll liberals to jump on any particular bandwagon. They are rebels to begin with. Yet Mr. Roosevelt has a per- suasive tongue. “Just so long,” he says, *as the least among us remain hungry or uncared for or unable to find useful work, just so long must it be the task | of all government, local, State and Fed- eral, to seek reasonable but progressive means to assist the unfortunate. The faith of a liberal is profound belief not only in the capacities of individual men and women, but in the effectiveness of people helping one another. California has many splendid examples of the use- fulness of human co-operation.” The security program, economic and social, of the Roosevelt administration | “We | was referred to by the President. have moved forward to give greater se- curity to the unemployed and to the aged.” The President made no men- tion of the Townsend plan, with its $200-a-month payments to be made to | | an adventure in which we have every- every citizen sixty years of age or more. But he told the Townsendites indirectly | that their hearts were in the right place. The followers of Upton Sinclair were patted on the back. The Demo- cratic factions in California have been at bitter odds in recent months. And the task of the Roosevelt campaign leaders is to find a common ground on which they may unite to keep the State from falling into the hands of the Re- publicans. Song and legend tell of a famous rail- road engineer, Casey Jones by name, ‘who came to a sad end in a head-on col- lision. Lest the liberals in California, and perhaps Mr. Roosevelt himself, meet such a fate, the rallying cry now goes forth: Come all ye liberals from near and far, Get yourselves a job with F. D. R. S A history of the Ethiopia-Italy situa- tion is being drafted to be considered by the League of Nations. The work is being conducted as rapidly as possible in fear that there may not be a League quorum to listen to it. e Social discriminations sought by Hitler begin to look like an effort to develop the boycott to the Nth power. e The Series aarts. Today begins the world series. It is an annual event toward which a great many Americans look throughout the regular playing season of games between the teams of the two major leagues. To win a league championship means a cut of the big money of the series. To win the “world championship” means the bigger portion of that cut. The incentive to the individual player to strive for this opportunity for financial reward—not to speak of the sporting satisfaction of league supremacy—is sufficient to put every player on his mettle throughout the season. But the “series” is more than a money proposition. Great as may be the turn- over for these final games, there is a certain glory in them, and each unit of the contending teams, from pitching star and batting leader down to the bat boy, shares in it. For a little while all are national figures, with a chance to be a veritable hero through some phenomenal play, some sensational smash at a critical point of the deciding contest. Names of players who are never seen by millions of followers of the game become household words throughout the land as year after year the series dates draw near and at last arrive and the games start. In cities where teams rep- resenting both leagues are established these personages are more widely known. In the one-league cities many of them ¢ | to meet in Paris on Friday. THE EVENING are merely names and portraits in print. The serles brings them into focus of attention and acquaintance. ‘Who will be the star of this series and who the goat? There is one of each class every year—some player whose per- formance makes distinctly for victory or for defeat. Last year there was perhaps more “color” in the ranks of the con- tenders than this year, owing to the presence of that unique pair of piiching brothers whose performances on the dia- mond are always dramatically entertain- ing. This set of games finds no especially outstanding personality on the field. But it is virtually certain that when the games have ended and the final score is recorded and the big bunting of “world champion- ship” has been won by either Detroit or Chicago there will be one name that will sound most loudly and frequently in the post-game discussion—perhaps in blame; perhaps in praise. Of one thing the base ball public, which is a very large fraction of the people of the country, is assured. The games are on the square. The best team wins—or maybe the luckiest. All question of chicane and hippodroming and fraud has been cleared away. As the gong sounds today for the opening contest in Detroit millions of Americans will feel a thrill of pride that this great national sport once again reaches its climax with the positive assurance that every participant is doing his best and that the games are being played absolutely on the level. e Anglo-French Tension. Dispatches from London and Paris, especially those quoting unfriendly ref- erences to Great Britain in the French press, must make agreeable reading in | the Palazzo Venezia at Rome, where, ac- ¥. P. 1. C. and old-age pension plans, | cording to all accounts, Mussolini is on the verge of giving the signal for his African legions to invade Ethiopia. It is increasingly evident that, despite lip service to the League at Geneva by both Sir Samuel Hoare and Premier Laval, their respective governments are still | | wide apart on the question of joint ace | tion for imposition of sanctions against Italy. It is now confirmed that Great Britain has formally requested from France precise indications of her intentions, case the British fleet in the Mediter- ranean should be the victim of an Italian attack. The cabinet is scheduled Mean- time there are hints savoring strongly of official inspiration that France is unwilling to go any further in support of Britain than Britain is ready to go in case of an attack on the French by Germany, or in the event of a Nazi “putsch” in Austria or Memel. This week's statement by the British foreign secretary unmistakably revealed British reluctance to give a blanket pledge of armed aid in any and all European cir- cumstances. Sir Samuel Hoare affirmed categorically that Britain feels obligated under the League Covenant to clear for action only in the event of “unprovoked aggressiol and he emphasized that there are “degrees of culpability” which | would have to be taken into considera- tion. Press outbursts in Paris show that these | British “assurances” smack too much of the platonic and the non-committal to justify France in undertaking in ad- vance to resort to measures that might rupture her friendship with Italy. “We would be playing the fool,” exclaims LIntransigeant, “if we were to sacrifice the entente with Italy by engaging in thing to lose and nothing to gain, and without receiving from Britain the slightest compensation.” Journal des Debats speaks even more pointedly: | “Our freedom of action is equal to that | of Britain. We are absolutely at lib- erty to say that we have no intention of becoming involved in the Ethiopian affair, and that, while we respect League principles, we think that in this par- ticular case we ought not to take part in sanctions.” Liberte epitomizes French sentiment by declaring flat-footedly: “We will in no case make war against Italy.” If such remonstrances and inhibitions reflect the French government’s atti- tude, the British face a grave dilemma in the matter of sanctions. They insist that such action must be “collective” and that they will not act single-handed. It may be that the whole project of punitive measures against Italy will go to smash on that rock, and with it League prestige. London's anxieties are revealed by the announcement that it is sounding both the United States and Germany on the question of sanctions and their readiness to co-operate in en- forcing them. — rae— The country will never get back to horse and buggy days if those enterpris- ing railroadists, the Van Sweringens, have any say in the matter. “Britannia Rules the Waves” is a stout old song which may refuse to be barred from the Mediterranean Sea. - Seven Years of Fear. A man has just been arrested in New York for the perpetration of a series of frauds in connection with the handling of insurance checks. He acted as agent of both the insuring corporation and the insured individual. It is alleged that he forged names on dividend checks issued by the companies to patrons and sent to them through his hands. Estimates place his peculations during seven years at more than a quarter of a million dollars. When he was arrested he made no defense or denial, but, according to the news reports, he said to the detectives who took him into custody: “I have been expecting this for seven years.” What a ghastly life to lead! For seven years this man has been in fear of reprisal, of exposure and punishment. In any hour of every day of those seven years—more than twenty-five hundred days and more than sixty thousand hours—this sword might have fallen upon his head, and he knew it. Between the crook who dares greatly in burglary and thieving assault, risking his own life in the commission of his crime, and the scheming swindler who ’ risks only his liberty and reputation there is a marked moral difference. The high- wayman and the gangster have a physical bravery that carries them through their dangerous jobs as long as their luck lasts. The swindler needs a different kind of courage—the capacity to face the long- drawn-out peril of discovery without giv- ing token of his dread. Neither kind of bravery is commendable. Its possession by the crooked-minded is one of the most prolific causes of crime. 1t is possible to feel a certain sense of pity for such a man as this, who has just been caught after seven years of fraud. First, that he was crooked-minded, whereas if he had been straight he would have been quite as successful and jmmune to daily, hourly dread. Then a pity that an unmistakable talent for winning the confidence of people was prostituted for the illicit gain of a quarter of a million dollars, which is a paltry return for seven years of fear. Making Religious History. At Constitution Hall this evening a great interdenominational meeting in the interests of a renaissance of religion in the Nation’s Capital is to be held. Lead- ers of the Roman Catholic, Protestant and Hebrew faiths will join in a reaf- firmation of the basic value of the worship of the universal Father of Mankind. The event, it well may be, has epoch-making significance. Thoughtful people of all creeds and classes long have labored toward a prag- matic unity of purpose such as that which is represented in the current effort. With- out compromise of convictions they have stressed the importance of the goal to which religion aims—the enlargement of the spiritual life of humanity. But hitherto there have been difficulties which could not be surmounted, hindrances which could not be overcome. The agony through which the masses have passed since 1914, however, has cleared the path. War and revolution, famine and plague, a series of disasters have purified the minds of millions, cleansed their hearts, brought them to a tolerance and a charity which nothing but suffering could have achieved. And so it happens that at last it is possible for plain men and women to meet on one common platform of love of God and mercy for His children. The price, certainly, has been heavy. But the prize, providentially, should be worth its cost. If Washington can demonstrate a comprehensive religious fellowship, other communities throughout the land— throughout the world—can do as much. The cause is the most momentous of which any individual can conceive and | merits the support of every soul not hope- lessly dedicated to self. Tonight's gath- ering may make history. Even the wish that it may do so is worthy of chron- icling. —— e A method of home financing has not been devised that does not involve a mortgage. And where there is a mort- gage there is the menace of a fore- closure. Even the Government may pos- sibly be obliged to remind a delinquent that business is business. —_— e Personal champions might be advan- tageously restored in conflict. It would be a relief if Haile and Benito would put on the gloves and call it a prize fight. ————— Programs of old-time music find favor in spite of the fact that the old-time words that go with it are compara- tively innocent. ——— Sliooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Apology. ‘There comes with every rising sun A shudder of each nerve. ‘We wonder what we can have done, Such terror to deserve. We argue on in dull dismay, Some Power great and wise May choose to punish in this way— Let’s all apologize. ‘We boastfully proclaim a creed; We hail it as the best. All things except our prayers we read, In anger and unrest. ‘The trumpet’s blare, ‘'mid proud display, Still fills us with surprise. Perhaps we'll just kneel down some day And all apologize. Not Present. “Did you enjoy the prize fight?" “I did not attend,” answered Senator Serghum. “It would only serve to remind me of what my enemies would like to do to me should opportunity arise.” Jud Tunkins says a cocktail party doesn't appeal to him. He'd rather have the whole rooster in a pot pie, Question. A man was greeted with applause, ‘Who said “You can't shoot Santa Claus.” Yet now machine guns fill the air, And danger threatens everywhere. Attacks are made with sneering bold On what we held so dear of old. Perhaps dear Santa is secure; And yet we ask you—are you sure? New Expenses. “Do you find that money collected direct from Government has improved your circumstances?” “I dunno,” answered Farmer Corntossel. “I'm tryin’ to enjoy it. I find that eve- ning clothes cost a heap more than over- Displacement. Elections come; elections go, And fill our lives with care. Though now we're “here,” we surely know ‘We'll presently be “there.” For each new de_fl the world will spin, With fortunes strewn about, And those who now are up and in May next be down and out. “Don’t tell me politeness costs nuffin,” said Uncle Eben. “A little ten-cent tip in de dinin’ room won't get you even & ‘“Thank you.'” Z STAR, WASHINGTON, D. €, Restore Blighted Urban Areas to Healthy Life To the Editor of The Star: I wonder if the originators of The Star's commendable campaign to reduce traffic accidents realize that they have it in their power to push a much larger project which gets at the fundamentals of our present serious traffic problem. I refer to a project which, under the con- trol of the Housing Administration, would involve the large-scale rebuilding of the disorganized areas immediately adjoining the downtown business districts. ‘Washington, in this particular, is faced with a situation no different from that of any large American city. As the old residential areas become outmoded and less comfortable to live in they are abandoned by their desirable occupants, who move to the newer houses and apart- ments in the suburbs. The automobile {s the great factor precipitating this selec~ tion of the remoter areas. Meanwhile, into the rapidly decaying downtown residential areas move the so- cially undesirable elements of our popu- lation. The economically distressed and the crime-plying groups take over the “blighted areas.” Municipal services have to be ex- tended miles beyond the old limits. Eco- nomic services, schools, transportation lines, the sewerage facil police protection, cultural and recrea- tional institutions all have to branch out into the automobile-boomed suburbs. Business still being concentrated in the downtown area, most workers have to use the same streets—widened three or four feet, perhaps—that they used decades ago. Moreover, being motorized, they require much more room per indi- vidual worker to move. What results is a traffic problem that reaches alarming proportions, exacting an enormous toll in human lives, nerves, energy, time, effi- ciency and about everything worth while in living. We can't throw out the automobile. What we can do—in addition to con- ducting be careful campaigns—is to make the use of the automobile in the city less necessary. This can be done by restoring the blighted areas to the state of being habitable. Why should thousands of Government workers have to creep and crawl and twist through block after block of “de- caying” residential property in order to reach the outlying new, bright, and at- tractive districts? Why should criminals, loafers, hordes of relief families and other economic non-contributors be able to have a short, healthful walk to any of the downtown places of business or recreation, while the socially desirable families, marooned miles away, patronize their small neighborhood stores and the- aters, rather than fight the traffic on the way down town? Such a project as I have in mind would embrace more than the tearing down of a few hovels such as those exist- ing within five blocks of the White House. It would involve a complete project of regional planning and development. Ex- tensive surveys, valuations and statistical | study would be followed by wholesale demolition of thousands of decaying shacks, small shops and homes. A new type of midtown residential section would arise, built by Government experts, embodying the newest and best of what we have learned about family and individual housing. Light and air are just as obtainable downtown as else- where by engineers and housing experts who can plan on a broad scale without the limitations of the small individual builder. Provision can be made for the minimum of annoyance from the through traffic destined for the suburbs. Hap- pily, such through traffic will diminish. | For with the establishment of desirable living quarters close to the center of town who would risk life and limb on our highways in the rush hour, unless he were sentimentally attracted to some locality? Surely the time is over-ripe for the replanning of our pre-motor areas. Make it less necessary for automobiles to enter the downtown districts. Give human legs a chance! RUTH WELTY. Equitable Distribution Of Aid Funds Urged To the Editor of The Star Concerning comments made from time to time on our costly relief program, and particularly the article appearing rather recently in The Sunday Star under the caption, “Taxpayer Group Hits Aid Spending,” I, too, also a taxpayer, won- der where this orgy of spending is taking us and our children, “even unto the third and fourth generations.” Unlike the Washington Taxpayers' Protective Asso- ciation, however, I am not perturbed about what is done for any one group over and above the other, be it white or black. I desire only that distribution of funds be equitably made—for salaried positions as regards ability and in relief as to needs. The association has demanded the cessation of relief seemingly because too large a number of its colored brothers are on the rolls. Does this number in- clude the many who have enrolled for relief but as yet receive none? The num- ber of dollars actually recejved by this large number of persons was not given. ‘Why? The association surely knows that its own group is getting by far the major portion of the relief funds, in salaries within the machinery set up and in relief. The association shows itself less mag- nanimous than the group it strikes at. Among the many whom I hear discuss the relief program and its resultant tax burden, not one has taken a stand com- parable to that of the assoclation. Colored Washingtonians are getting rather fed up on these recurring spasms anent the colored relief situation, the causes of which date beyond that “migra- tion from the South for the more liberal handouts here,” as cited by the asso- ciation. Always the colored man’s economic condition has been relative. For the same job he has received less pay than the white man and out of it paid higher rental and purchase prices for the same property. He could keep his job as long as the white man had a better one. Came the depression, accompanied by his replacement with the white man in practically every field of labor, from Gov- ernment employe to street sweeper and garbage collector. It should be obvious, even to the taxpayers’ protectors, that each such replacement made one less white and one more colored unem- ployed. Persons teaching elsewhere returned home because small town and county boards cut their already much-lower- than-white-teachers’ salary below living wages or closed out schools. These, with the annual crop of graduates, necessarily increased the number needing relief. In the face of such conditions what answer could there be, save the situa- tion of which the association so bitterly complains? 5 ‘The colored people regret, but are not ashamed, that so many of their group are on relief. The shame, rather, lies in the conditions which placed them there. And the taxpayers’ protectors demand that “from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which hehath.” MRS.REBECCA J.GRAY. —_—————————— An Aged Umbrella. Prom the Grand Island (Nebr.) Independent. ‘There doesn’t seem to be anything re- markable about a man’s keeping an umbrella 65 years. It is probable that after the first 25 years nobody else wanted it. - WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 2, | “tomate.” | fully conscious that | pocketbook remains as well lined as it 1935. THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. The Ponderosa is a great tomato. « If we had ever doubted it, the thought was silenced forever by the first taste of those great juicy slices. - Two more bites and we were a convert, Mere size, in fruits and vegetables, sometimes spells tastelessness, but with this wonderful tomato the reverse is true. Properly vine-ripened, the Ponderosa, for all of its elephantine shape, has a delicate rich flavor not outdone, in our opinion, by any other tomato on earth. ‘There is a certain satisfaction in seeing those tremendous slices on a fine ivory dish, Ivory, rather than white, is the modern favorite. It gives, to many eyes, a more pleasing background to food. Our fine big tomato, however, would look equally well on a plate of purest white, or even on the blue willow pattern. * ok x % Few Yoodstuffs on the American table | have a more romantic history than this. It shares with tobacco, to which family it belongs, the distinction of being an American plant, although it came origi- nally from the Southern portion of the Western Hemisphere. Spanish explorers took the seeds from Mexico and grew them in the Old World, where the fruit for a long time was called love-apple. In time much superstition clustered | about the round spheres of luscious good- ness. One of these was that the tomato caused cancer. Whispers of this may still be heard in the backwoods, but certainly | nobody has taken them seriously for | many, many years. No one possibly could have known, however, those several centuries ago, just | how widespread the use of this fruit— it is properly that, although perhaps most persons call it vegetable—was to become in the twentieth century. Today it is a household delicacy the year ‘round, not only in its natural shape and form, but also as juice in tins, in Xk & | the form of the so-called tomato cocktail. | | There are several hundred varieties of | tomato grown today, most of them mere variations of Lycopersicum esculentum, var. commune, as the horticulturists write it. This means that many righteous Americans who might grow red in the face at the mere mention of “commune” | readily eat a natural product which the ingenious mind of some botanist gave a “red” name. If there ever was a red fruit, of course, the tomato is it, but the “va- riety” fact that the fruit is divided into cells. name came about through the | Some of Russia’s political divisions have | been known as “cells,” we believe, in | reference to the cells of the honeycomb, product of those first communists, the bees. The Spanish word for tomato derived from the Mexican “tomatl.” persicum. a genus of the family Solan- aceae, which includes the potato, tobacco and the eggplant, natural products so far apart in appearance and uses that no one could be blamed for not realizing their relationship. That is where the scientist comes in. He it is who has, as his life work, inclination and time and means to study carefully the signs of relationship which escape the rest of us. x % “Red ripe tomatoes.” as the old-fash- joned Washington hucksters used to sing them through the streets, are so WASHINGTO is | easily secured nowadays that few city residents grow them, even when they have the room. Yet there is nothing in the vegetable garden more worthy of space. The plants themselves are interesting, even the great tomato worms, so-called, which infest them. This creature, in all prob- ability, has done its part in deterring finicky city dwellers from growing the vines. It is an ugly and vicious-looking thing, not unlike the caterpillar stages of some of the larger moths. Grow tomatoes and you have tomato worms, as surely as day follows night. How does that come about? Is there any mysterious affinity at work? Even a glance into science shows otherwise. Nothing comes from nothing. If worms appear, the eggs of worms must have been there from the beginning. Hence the thorough washing of all raw fruits is always expedient, and no one may be called too scrupulous who exerts every legitimate effort to free all vegetable fiber, of whatever name or form, from the possibility of invisible spores. Whilg it is true that practically none of these might develop human intestines, it is much more pleas- ant to feel sure. be accomplished with the aid of cleans- ing water so easily available today and | a determination on the part of the cook | to do a thorough job of it. Occasionally insecticides used on plant products are present, t0o, and these are excised at the | coloied water same time. This care becomes more necessary, as in the | This may more or less | more and more use is made everywhere | of raw foods in salads and the like. While the amateur student of Nature need never permit his excursions into science | to cause him excessive and at times | pathological interest in the invisible forms of life, so prevalent evervwhere, he may feel sure that any extra care he takes, or causes to be taken for him, in the interest of cleanliness and hygiene, is not at all wasted. * x % % Another curious natural affinity fis that between tomatoes and salt. If there is anything that seems more to require salt. it is the potato. and that, as we have stated, is a member of the same family. Practically every one sprinkles salt on the fine slices of tomatoes, and upon | the mealy crumbles of baked potatoes. This action seems instinctive. People may argue as much as they ¢hoose about how to pronounce “tomato,” but all of them unite in the necessity of plenty of salt to make them taste good. The tomato seems to have an affinity, if one wants to call it that, for most foods. That is, it “goes” with almost anything, and with almost every one. Even persons interested in the idea of food compatibilities find the tomato easily eaten with bread, or with meat, or with potatoes, with no indigestion | afterward. Also it goes with milk. Our edible tomato belongs to the Lyco- | Since it seems to call for much salt, many users will do well to keep this fact in mind, and keep the salt to a minimum, as it is very easy to sprinkle a great deal more on tomatoes, as usually eaten, than is necessary. Those who have seen the great to- mato fields of Maryland and Indiana know they are beautiful sights, with the long extended rows of great red beauties sparkling in the sun. Perhaps next year more of us in cities will grow a few tomato plants, not only for the yield, but also to keep alive a great tradition in a personal way. OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Evidence piles up that prosperity will be the Democrats’ paramount issue in 1936. Mr. Roosevelt's Western speeches, stress- ing the boons the New Deal has con- ferre¢ upon industry and agriculture | alike, and National Chairman Farley's | “look-at-the-market-reports” rejoinder to the President’s critics plainly indicate | that the administration intends to loud- pedal recovery as its chief claim for perpetuation. exact words on the Hoover theme about | two chickens in every pot and two cars | in every garage, but some such thoughts | will inspire the donkey when it brays for votes for four more vears of Roose- velt. if the national is now the happy-days-are-here-again plea is going to be mighty hard to com- bat, even with the save-the-Constitu- tion issue. Coincident with signs that New Dealers will play up prosperity is President Roosevelt's conspicuous bid for | business support. as manifested by the “breathing spell” proclamation and his recent pledge that budget-balancing is in prospect without resort to in- creased taxation. From now on the farming West and the industrial East will be twin objects of New Deal af- fection. * x k x November elections for two New York City seats in the House of Representa- tives will supply the next test of Roose- veltian fortunes. Manhattan and the other in the Brook- 1yn region—are heavily Democratic, but the Republicans will make herculean efforts to reduce the majorities by which they were last carried. They would thus hope to demonstrate that the New Deal is slipping in the section of the country on which the Republicans pin their fondest hopes for next year. The Man- hattan district has been unrepresented since the death last January of Repre- sentative Griffin. The Queens County seat was vacated the other day by Rep- resentative Brunner, who resigned in order to accept a nomination for sheriff. * ¥ K % No stone will be left unturned by the Democratic high command to end the Laffoon-Rhea-Chandler feud in Ken- tucky. Capture of the governorship by Republican nominee King Swope would be regarded as a Waterloo of the first magnitude on the threshold of 1936. On the heels of the Rhode Island congres- sional reverse in August, disaster in Ken- tucky would be eagerly exploited by the G. O. P. as prima facie evidence that the New Deal is on the toboggan. No one has a livelier interest in stamping out Blue Grass party strife than Senator M. M. Logan, who is up for re-election next year. Like the national adminis- tration, he has thrown in his lot with the Chandler forces. * k% % Friends of Fred K. Nielsen, former solicitor of the State Department and veteran in the field of international law, are grooming him as successor to Frank B. Kellogg on the World Court bench. Native of Denmark, Mr. Nielsen has lived in the United States since youth and is a graduate and former foot ball star of the University of Nebraska. Nielsen has represented the United States on numerous important claims tribunals abroad and enjoys a world- wide reputation as an arbitration ex- pert He was counsel for this country before the World Court in the contest with the Netherlands over the sove- Both districts—one in | It may not harp in those | The elephant, on its part, is pain- | | customs purposes ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic J. Haski l A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Washing- ton Evening Star Information Eureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washing- ton, D.C. Please inclose stamp for reply. Q. How is a person initiated into the Caterpillar Club?—F. M. B. A. The actual “baling out,” making an emergency parachute jump from an air- plane, is considered the initiation. Q. Why does gasoline run through a strainer through which water does not pass?—K. A, T. A. Water, when the pressure is not sufficient to overcome its surface ten- sion, will remain in a vessel having small perforations. This is noticeable in the gasoline strainer on an automobile through which gasoline will run, but through which water will not run. Once the pressure on the water is sufficient to break down its tendency to form globules on oily surfaces, the rate at which it goes through small openings is at least as great as for other liquid substances of the same viscosity. Q. Is wild rice a true rice?—F. M. A. It is not. It is also called Indian rice, and is the seed of a grass which grows in shallow lakes and marshy Jand. Q. Why do glass bottles filled with denote drug stores?— C.G. M. A. It is a survival from the days when few knew how to read. In that time shoppers naturally could not depend on written or lettered signs to tell them where to find what they were seeking. ‘The shopkeeper had to illustrate his wares. Therefore, if he were a druggist, he displayed prominently a mortar and pestle, which were the emblems of his profession, and also in his windows jars and bottles of various colored liguids, supposedly samples of the mysterious drugs which he had in his stock. Q. Is there a vehicle called & palan- quin?>—M. L. C A. It is an Oriental convevance. often inclosed, used for long distances by trav- elers where railroads or good carriage roads do not exist. It is a wooden box, with shutters like Venetian blinds. At each end of the palanquin two rings are fixed. and the palanquin-bearers sup- port the convevance by a pole passing through these rings. Q. What is the average size of a wolf? | —J. A. E A. A full-grown wolf measures 5 feet 5 inches in length, whereof 18 inches be- long to the tail; its height is 33 inches and its weight over 100 pounds. Q. How did Ninety-Six, S. C., gets its name?—W. C. A. Its name is due to the fact that it was 96 miles from Fort Prince George on Keowee River. Q. What are obscurantists?—C. H. A. This is the name given to those who are supposed to look with dislike and apprehension on the progress of knowledge, especially to such as defend theological prejudices against what 1s | believed to be scientific truth. Q. What A. A war between Great Britain and China, 1840-1842, resulting from the at- tempt of the Chinese government to prevent the importation of opium from India. By the treaty of Nanking, which closed the war, China opened certain was the Opium War?— | ports to foreign trade and ceded the active military service in 1917-18, Niel- | sen was attached to the Peace Commis- | sion and had charge of matters relating to American property in enemy coun- tries. our delegation at the London Economic Conference. World Court judges are elected by the League Assembly and Council at Geneva. They serve for nine vears at $6,000 per annum. Former American judges. preceding Mr. Kellogg, where Charles Evans Hughes and John Bassett Moore. * k¥ x American “war” correspondents nhow in Europe and Africa probably wonder Island of Hongkong to Great Britain. Q. Please list some of the reasons that pupils fail in high school.—M. H. A. A series of interviews between stu- | dents and teachers in various schools e e legAl aaiser ot | produced the following list: Irregularity of attendance: neglect to make up work: poor preparation of daily work; poor foundation for term's work; wasting time; too many subjects on program: poor health; home worries; timidity and 1 self-consciousness: lack of concentration; | studies too difficult; cramming; copying whethey they’ll suffer the famous fate of | a colleague during one of the Balkan wars earlier in the century. The scribe in question—it was during the first week of October—received a cable with this peremptory editorial order: “Lay off war stuff. World series now on.” * %ok % Since time immemorial, home-coming Americans with a drag at Washington were enabled to have their baggage for “expedited” at the dock instead of awaiting their turn with the hoi polloi. The old system is out of the window now, the Treasury Depart- ment having abolished such favors in future except where a passenger (1) is accompanying the body of a deceased relative or friend; (2) is seriously ill or infirm, or (3) has been summoned home by news of affliction or disaster. * ok ok % Now it's the colleges that are raiding the New Deal. The Princeton School of Economics and Politics announces the acquisition of Dr. Winfield W. Riefler, chairman of the Central Statistical Committee at Washington and economic | adviser to the Executive Council of the Federal Reserve Board. Dr Riefler was known as the administration’s “inter- home work: dislike of teacher; poor teaching: difficulty in concentration at home because of noise: too much Wwrit- ten home work; dislike of school. Q. What was George M. Cohan's first play?—E. G A. “The Governor's Son,” produced in 1891, Q. Why is an oriflamme so called?— G.R. W. A. The red silk banner, first of the Abbey of St. Denis and afterward of France, was so called because it was a flag (flamme) borne on a gilded (e means gold) staff. From tie days of Philip I (1060) it was the military ensign of the kings of France. g. What are the Pergamene Marbles? —D. H. A. A collection of Greek sculptures consisting chiefly of friezes from the altar of Zeus at Pergamos, dating from the first half of the second century B.C. They were excavated by the Germans between 1878 and 1886 and are now in Berlin. Q. How much of the wealth of this country is owned by women?—J. M. B. A. A survey made by Women Investors | in America, Inc., shows that women own preting economist,” upon whose analyses | the White House relied for vivid bul- letins from the anti-depression front. * %k ok ¥ Latest Republican coalition plans for wooing Democratic conservatives would pledge the Republican presidential nominee to appoint, if elected. a “na- tional cabinet,” chosen regardless of party lines and to include those Demo- cratic leaders “who desire to unite in defense of the Constitution.” Names mentioned in this connection include Al Smith, John W. Davis, Albert C. Ritchie, Newton D. Baker et al. Some Repub- licans still flirt with the idea of a Democratic vice presidential candidate as the best bait to tempt New Deal mug- ‘wumps. * ok X ¥ Herbert Hoover will have another op- portunity of publicly ending the mys- tery about his political intentions when he speaks on October 10 at a Stanford dinner in New York City. He will ap- pear on the same program with John W. Davis and former Secretary of the In- terior Wilbur. If Hoover, as friends per- sistently assert, is out of the G. O. P. race, Knox of Illinois is accounted his first choice for the presidential nom- ination. (Copyright, 1935.) ————————— Buried? Prom the Yakima (Wash.) Morning Herald. A man who knows nearly everything came in yesterday especially to tell us that copies of the Constitution and Decla- ration of Independence were put in the corner stone of the Washington Monu= ment. So that's what has become of relgnty of the lsland of Palmas. ma-lm.m three-quarters of the wealth in America. They are the beneficiaries of 80 per cent of the life insurance policies and hold 48 per cent of the stock of all railroad corporations. In addition 44 per cent of public utility securities are in the names of women and they hold titles to 40 per cent of all real estate. Sixty-five per cent of all savings accounts are in wom- en’s names. Q. Why are births registered?—L. C. A. Births are registered to provide accurate data on population and to establish citizenship. It is necessary to produce a birth certificate and evidence of registry to obtain a passport. When a birth is registered, it furnishes evi- dence which could be used to establish one's right to vote. A Rhyme at Twilight By Gertrude Brooke Hamilton Children of Dusk. There is an hour that calms the afr And tranquilizes earth, Silencing clamor everywhere And giving souls re-birth; Sweeter the song bird’s madrigal, Soiter the city’s din, The dews that fall and cover all Seem to blot out the sin. It is the hour of mystic peace. There is no stress or need Within the heart, but brief surcease From toil and demon speed. Imminent looms the festive night, The day is but a husk— Even the worldlings in twilight Are children of the dusk. Fa