Evening Star Newspaper, September 9, 1935, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition, WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY ............September 9, 1935 THEODORE W. NOYES...........Editor Star Newspaper Company. Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd &t Chicago Office. Lake Michigan Building Furopean Ofce: 14 Regent St.. London. Engiand. Rate by Carrier Within the City. Regular Editlon, The Evening Star _____ The Evening and Sunday St e <) The Evening 45¢ per month 60c per month 65¢ per month (when -5c per copy o The Sunday Star.. Night Final Nieht Final and Sunday St 0 Night Final Star_.. ... 55¢ per month Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent by mail or telephone Na- tional 5000, Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. ily ard Sund iy “only unday only All Other States and Canada. aly and Sunday__1 yr.. aily only ¥y Suncay only_ 70c per month Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dispatches eredited to 1t or not otherwise credited in this paper and also the local news published herein. I righ's of pubiication of special dispatches erein are also reserved. —_— Long Expected It A lot of people have wondered for & long time how Senator Long was able to forestall the traditional fate of dic- tators, or those who would become dic- tators. If ever a man lived under the Damoclean sword, that man has been Huey Long. He has, himself, hourly anticipated the assassin’s shot by taking all the methods of precaution against it. The surprising thing about the attempt last night was not the effort to do away with Senator Long, but that the mis- guided fellow who made it came so near to success. Senator Long's recovery is to be de- voutly desired. In his political life he has cherished methods and has repre- sented forces that are repugnant to American tradition and ideals of democ- racy, among them, liberty. In Louisiana he has built a machine, with himself in the driver's seat, that is ruthless and crushing in its control over the Btate. One of his ambitions is to ex- tend and to enlarge the ramifications of that machine beyond the bounda- ries of Louisiana, to take in as much territory as his unceasing efforts can make it take in. But the way to stop Huey Long is not by the assassin’s bul- let, but by the marshaling of common sense behind the orderly processes which Huey himself has attempted to set aside. The man who tried to stop Huey Long was actuated by motives which are understandable enough and which, by their frailty, are all too human. He was a member of that element in Louisi- ana which has felt the heel of the dictator, and a few minutes before his attack he had seen rubber-stamp State legislators pass a redistricting measure gpecifically aimed at unseating his father-in-law from a judgeship, occu- pied contrary to the wishes of the State machine. The young man may have had some crazy idea of shooting in gelf-defense, if not in retribution. But it is better that he died and Long lived. The assassination of Long may have brought about the early dissolu- tion of the Long empire in Louisiana. But when Long is removed from the political scene he seeks to dominate, it must be by the votes of thinking American citlzens and not by the pseudo-anarchists whose warped vision | gives to the Senator from Louisiana a stature and importance he does not Servi hose random shots might | E descire andimhos e i abilities such as the Nation's Capital kindle fires far more dangerous than Huey Long. e There are still differences of opinion as to whether time has demonstrated that W. J. Bryan'’s money views were correct or that they might have been worse. e Upswing. Reports from the commissioner of internal revenue and the American Federation of Labor, made public today, indicate that business is on the upswing. Indeed, the federation predicts that this Fall will see the greatest volume of busi- ness since 1930. At last the so-called *heavy” industries are staging a come- back.® Commissioner Helvering of the Internal Revenue Bureau, in a pre- liminary report to the Secretary of the Treasury, points out that there has been an increase of 23 per cent in the Government tax collections during the fiscal year ending June 30, as compared With the previous year. The signs of recovery, the American Federation of Labor maintains, are the healthiest since the depression set in. They do not result from Federal spend- ing, but are due to renewed activity in in- dustry and among the people themselves. Yet the federation credits the N.R. A.and the A. A. A, the major creations of the New Deal, for the underlying improve- ment. It was due to these laws and their operation, the federation says, that the buying power of the industrial workers and of the farmers has been increased. Accompanying this increase in buying power has been the oppor- tunity for increased business. Commissioner Helvering's figures, cov- ering internal revenue collections, in- eluding processing taxes under the A. A. A, indicate increasing returns from some new taxes and give the best ac- eount so far of processing tax yields. The total income from internal revenue and processing taxes was $3,299,435,572.18, as compared with $2,672,239,194.52 in the fiscal year 1934. One lesson these increased revenues pring home to the people is the heavier tax burden, which is going to become heavier still. Undoubtedly an upturn in business will mean increased reve- nues, and such an upturn will mean much to the Government in putting its financial house in order, Heavy re- eeipts from the processing taxes, how- ever, mean that the people are paying more for their food and for clothing. These are measures of indirect taxation, | of the Reich [ | that which fall in greater proportion upon the poor and those of moderate means than upon the wealthy. The same is true of other sales taxes known as excise taxes. There is more reason, however, to be gratified over the report of the Ameri- can Federation of Labor. The steel in- dustry and the automobile irdustry are swinging upward. Orders for new auto- mobiles in the first half of 1935 were 75 per cent in excess of the orders for a similar period last year. But the federation warns that the unemploy- ment problem in this country is still serious, with 11,000,000 persons without work. Of the 9,000,000 laid off when the depression struck, only 3,000,000 have found permanent jobs in industry again. The federation estimates there were 3.000.000 persons already out of work at the beginning of the depression and 2,000,000 young persons have reached working age since. That is the part of the picture which is still dark. R Library Needs. Of supreme importance to the cultural progress of Washington are the needs of the Public Library. That is a fact which generally is recognized in normal times, but it happens that it merits particular consideration in times like the present, when the demands upon the library facilities are enormously enhanced. An increase of $259.175 in the 1937 budget estimates requested of the Commission- | ers and Congress at first glance may seem large, yet a brief review of condi- | tions in the library organization will convince any reasonable critic that it is exceedingly moderate. Since 1930 the number of registered borrowers has in- | creased 61.5 per cent, the volumes cir- culated 62 per cent, and the staff per~ sonnel only 13 per cent. The differen- tial represented in those figures is an argument which cannot be expediently neglected. The city has grown and is growing, the demands of the people for library service have developed and will continue to develop proportionately. Those who are intrusted with the direction of the Public Library would be remiss in their duty if they did not protect the community’s cultural health with all the sincerity, enthusiasm and devotion of which they are capable. Certainly the time has passed when the principle of the matter stands in want of defense. The Nation agrees with President Roosevelt that mere existence is not enough and that life must be made .worth living. Any skeptic may test the elemental values of the library’s case for himself by visit- ing the Central Branch and talking with its patrons. But the proposed increase is wanted | | especially for the construction of the proposed Petworth Branch and to pur- chase a site and pay for plans for the projected Anacostia Branch. These are required for the service of two portions of the city now isolated from conven- | ient access to library advantages—men | and women, boys and girls who must travel to the Central Branch or do without the books they wish to read. The Petworth location is available on the campus of the new Roosevelt nghl and the Macfarland Junior High Schools, Government property assigned to such use, and the branch to be operated there has the approval of the Federation of Citizens' Associations. The Anacostia Branch is designed to be of use to & growing residential community, in addi- tion to no less than a dozen schools, the personnel of St. Elizabeth’s Hos- pital and the flying fields. Both claims are valid. The alterna- tive is a continuance of cultural dis- ought not to tolerate with complacence. —— The New German Army. Under the vigilant eye of Fuehrer Hitler, Germany’s new army has just completed its first large-scale maneu- vers. They were conducted by 200,000 troops distributed over ten corps areas. Foreign observers, who are veterans of “war games” in many countries, agreed that the Germans have made impres- sive progress in the formation of a modern military machine in the brief period since the Nazi government last March defiantly abrogated the restric- tive clauses of the Versailles treaty and restored the Reich to a conscription basis. Under the treaty Germany was allowed & non-conscript army of 100,000 but denied the right to possess heavy artillery, tanks and bombing aircraff. Even thus handicapped, the Germahs whipped the Reichswehr into a highly efficient force, which, for its size and limited equipment, was declared by ex- perts to be in some respects a world model. What it lacked in personnel strength and guns it made up for in the elan inherent in Germany's military tra- ditions. It is commonly understood that the Reich plans to maintain an army of | between 500,000 and 600,000 men, which wouid make it one of the most formi- dable in Europe. It would be supple- mented by the highly effective reserve force of storm troopers, veterans and other semi-military units which have been uniformed and drilled throughout the Hitler regime. At times during the past two yeais estimates were heard that Germany could take the fleld with, roundly, two million trained soldiers, and charges were freely made that adequate munitions and equipment, even includ- ing heavy guns, were secretly accumu- lated. The army which Hitler is now openly creating shows every sign of measuring up in excellence to the Kaiser's famed pre-war legions. Provision of officers is its chief problem. For an army of 500,- 000 men, 25000 officers are required. Upon the development of a command corps of such dimensions Gen. von Blomberg, Hitler's masterful minister of war, may be expected to concentrate. A military attache from abroad, sum- moning his impression of the late maneuvers, was struck by “omnipresent evidences that Germany is going ahead, calmly, methodically and unfeverishly, building an army for the future.” To what use in that future the rulers intend to put the great weapon they are forging is the question which Europe ceaselessly and anxiously sponders. Its construction sychronizes with the establishment of a mighty alr force and a navy that is to be thirty-five per cent as strong as the British fleet. Hitler periodically affirms his devotion to peace. But German longings to accomplish anschluss (union) with Aus- tria ace far from suppressed, and there is the Nazi bible, Hitler's epic “My Struggle,” with its enduring stress upon the Third Reich's mission some day to unite all the Teutonic peoples within & Greater Germany and to wipe out the “artificial frontiers” that now separate them. Is the Feuhrer arming afleld, afloat and aloft against “the day” when he can strike irresistibly to attain that goal? - oo —. What “Breathing Spell?” President Roosevelt yesterday let it be known that he has received numerous telegrams and letters of appreciation for his concession of a legislative breathing spell to business. But to some elements of the business and financial world Mr. Roosevell's promise of an armisticé is apt to be viewed as fine irony in view of the fact that no longer ago than Wednesday last it was announced that congressional commit- tees are about to start seventeen differ- ent investigations covering a variety of organizations and conditions. Under Senate auspices the lobby probe prin- cipally aimed at public utility corpora- tions is to continue, the munitions makers are to be subjected to further grilling, air transport companies are to be put on the pan, the cotton market |crash of a few months ago is to be examined, the results of the 1934 silver | purchase act are to be analyzed, rail- !road financial reorganization arrange- ments are to be reviewed, Virgin Island aflairs are to be rehashed, Federal ]Judgeships and bankruptcy proceedings are to be probed. Meanwhile, House of Representatives committees will consider plans for a new N. R. A, War Depart- ment purchases and practices, chain | grocery and drug store combinations, and the activity of real estate bond- | holders’ protective organizations, and, Ipo.\.\lbl_v most important of all, the | Federal Communications Commission will try the American Telephone and | Telegraph Company as a trust. | Certainly, much of all this seems necessary. The fruits of the investiga- tions captained by Senator Black and Senator Nye, for instance, have been | convincing enough to prompt belief that they should be completed. But the prom- ise of a “breathing spell,” to those about to feel the probe, seems rather empty. | —— “The State Department will investi- gate” is a familiar announcement, al- though it is widely believed that Secre- tary Hull already knows more than he can conveniently communicate in detail. —_— et — With actors paid directly by the Gov- ' ernment, dramatic critics may as well prepare to be accused of disloyalty to ‘the Republic, along with other de- ! linquencies. = s = | The fact that an aviator's heart is !in the right place is of no assistance if | the fuel line is out of order. et [ Ttaly has had her crooners but lends no delicate pathos to “I want you, I need you” as addressed to Ethiopia. e — | The Blue Eagle has had its wirgs |clipped but still squawks in protest | against decapitation. ———— Shooting oPSenalor Huey Long was so cowardly as to make the old dueling code seem civilized by comparison. ——— e Shooting Stars. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Back te School. Back to school the old folks go. On the bookshelf is a row Where dear father hopes to find Much that may improve his mind. ‘While the happy girls and boys Turn once more to social joys, Older folks, with proper grace, Try to hit the modern pace. Reading's easy as of yore, ‘Writing pleases even more; But arithmetic may be Filled with meaning hard to see. ‘While a few initials serve, Figures long will take their nerve As the debts and taxes grow— Back to school the old folks go. Appeal to Science. “You are now to have a breathing spell.” g, “That’s fine!” said Senator Sorghum. “I hope I'm not so far down as to need | an expert in artificial respiration.” Jud Tunkins says all business needs is more expert personal attention from the | boss and less dependence on the hired | man, Superfluity. ‘They hint of war again in view. Would this not really be too bad! ‘We cannot tell just what to do ‘With those we have already had., Ancestral Dignity. “There are many problems in relation to the next generation.” “Yes,” said Miss Cayenna “One of them will be to remove from public in- spection the pictures taken by seashore photographers of the present.” Breathing S’efl; We've labored hard, and we believe ¢ Refreshments we should now receive. Exceeding swift the game we've played, With stakes that frequently dismayed. Before we start the deal anew, A breathing spell is surely due, ‘When we, in comradeship complete, May smile and sing and maybe eat. “I has been janitor in & college foh many years,” said Uncle Eben, “and I has yet to see & man who wouldn't rather have a political job dan & promo- tion in de professor business.” o £ i | practically every one in | idi | paign. A-8 THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, D. C, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 9, 1935. : THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. THE POLITICAL MILL By G. Gould Lincoln. The week end brought a burst of Republican attacks on President Roose- velt and his New Deal. Particularly was the President’s correspondence with Roy W. Howard, publisher, regarding a “breathing spell” for business the target. The G. O. P. National Committee had plenty to say about it. It declared that the publicaticn of the exchange of let- ters was & “good piece of partisan propaganda, even though perfectly transparent,” and that it had changed no one's opinion of the President and his New Deal program. “It is obvious the ‘frightened business men,’ out of solicitude for whom the correspondence was ostensibly initiated, are not going to be reassured regarding the Roosevelt program,” said the G. O. P. committee. Certainly not until they obtain some “definite and dependuble answer to the questions which Mr. How- ard did not ask.” Among those ques- tions were the budget, sound money. The committee charged that President Roosevelt and Mr. Howard had arranged the exchange of letters; that the Presi- dent knew in advance what questions would be asked, and that Mr, Howard knew in advance what answers would be made. * kX In Portsmouth, N. H. the Young Re- publicans of New England had a-field day shooting at the Roosevelt admin- istration, with another Roosevelt to egg them on, Col. Theodore Roosevelt, jr. Col. Roosevelt particularly assailed the A. A. A, with its processing taxes, which are decidedly unpopular in New England. Gov. Bridges of New Hamp- shire characterized as “tyranny” the “potato act’—an amendment to the A. A. A. passed by Congress in the ses- sion recently closed. Said Gov. Bridges in this connection: “Just what President Roosevelt in- tends to do with our people and our farmers is shown in the potato control bill that he has just passed through this bootlicking Congress. It shows to what length these plans of his go, for that bill not only will affect the 3,000,000 farmers who grow potatoes, but every one who buys & potato, and that means the United States, “To begin with, this bill of Presi- dent Roosevell's permits the Secretary of Agriculture to decide just how many potatoes every farmer will grow. He will allot quotas to each State and to the farmer. That is the first step.” The “crowning atrocity” of the potato act, he said, is that which imposes a $1,000 fine and a jail sentence for selling potatoes in other than prescribed con- tainers and with prescribed tags attached. “That tears the veil from all their protests. That shows in plain words to what lengths they are trying to go. This act is not merely the essence of it is the essence of tyranny, It is blood brother to the edicts in Russia, Germany or Italy. Any man proposing such an act—any man in sympathy with it—does not belong in a free Nation, such as America was, and we should retire him definitely and permanently to private life.” * X ¥ % While Col. Frank Knox, publisher of the Chicago Daily News in Boston asserting that President Roosevelt had merely promised a breathing spell to industry and that industry would require greater assurance before confidence was restored, Hanford MacNider, former Assistant Secretary of War, was in- dicting the New Deal in Chicago. Mac- Nider said that the Roosevelt adminis- tration was a virtual dictatorship “main- | tained half by fear and half by liber- | ality with other people’s money.” At the same time Senator Dickinson of Iowa, addressing a meeting of Repub- | licans in St. Charles, Mo., said that the American people are facing “crushing taxes and a standard of living likely to | be lower than higher for the future.” * ok ok x Up in Massachusetts Republicans are plucking up courage and beginning to make plans for their State campaign next year. as well as the national cam- They were badly beaten in the governorship race in 1934, when Gov. Curley, Democrat, won by a big vote over former Lieut. Gov. Gaspar G. Bacon, a brother of Representative Bacon of New | York. After that contest a wag asked why the election of Governor was like a pig's tail. The answer was: “All Cur- ley and no Bacon.” But Mr. Bacon has returned from a trip to Europe and de- clares that he is not out of politics by any means. It is reported from Boston that if Mr. Bacon runs again for office next year he will be a candidate for Senator, and that he will particularly seek election to the Senate if Gov. Cur- ley decides to become the Democratic nominee for that office. And yet Cur- ley is considered by most of the political observers in Massachusetts to be the strongest candidate the Democrats could put forward. Apparently. Mr. Bacon wanls to have another tilt with the Governor. No one knows whether Gov. Curley will run for the Senate or seek to be Gov- ernor again. He rather indicated that he would seek senatorial honors in s speech which he made last Winter. Since then, however, many have come to belleve that he would prefer to con- tinue for another two years in Boston as Governor of the State. LI . Two or three Republicans, beside Mr. Bacon, have been suggested as possible contenders for the Republican nomina- tion for Senator in Massachusetts next year. One of them is Representative Henry Cabot Lodge, jr., of Beverley, & member of the State Legislature. Mr, Lodge has made a good record in the Legislature. It is believed he has ambi- tion to fill some day the seat in the Senate so long occupied by the late Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, for years a dominant figure among Republicans in the Bay State. The son of another Senator from Massachusetts, Mayor Sin- clair Weeks of Newton, Mass., also is believed to have senatorial aspirations. Mayor Weeks is the son of the late Sen- ator and Secretary of War of that name, Mayor Weeks, however, may run for the House instead of the Senate next year. He may go after the political scalp of Mayor Richard M. Russell of Cam- bridge, who now represents the ninth congressional district of Massachusetts in thé National House. Russell, a Dem- ocrat, is expected to seek re-election next year to the House. -— Busy at the Phone. From the Dayton Daily News, ‘Watch the modern American business man at the telephone. If he appears to be putting across a million-dollar deal it's a fairly safe bet that he’s ar- ranging for 18 holes of golf. —_—— e Borah's Stratagem. From the Kansas City Star, Senator Borah's attitude favoring pro- hibiting the sale of tax-exempt bonds is criticized on the ground that it would make it difficult for the Government to borrow more money. Perhaps that's the Senator’s idea, too, L] | rest. | upon the subject, | swing across the country. The gliding quality of sleep—no one ever described it better than Coleridge in his memorable lines from “The An- clent Mariner”: “Oh, sleep, it is & blessed thing, Beloved from pole to pole; ‘To Mary, queen, let praise be given, ‘Who sent the gentle sleep from heaven, ‘That slid into my soul.” These lines were brought to mind in reading of & man who took his life, It was difficult for the reader to un- derstand why, until he got almost to the end, then a sentence said that the poor fellow was often described as “the man who never slept.” Poor fellow! Almost everybody can sympathize with & man wiio never sleeps. Sleep is such & commonplace thing that few people ever think about it at all, which perhaps is just as well, since taking thought seldom wins it. Common sense, on the other hand, is the best thing to use, if one finds him-. self sleepless, from time to time. It is possible to put up & bluff, if one gets little sleep, and pretend, as perhaps the suicide did, that one neither needs nor wants much of it, but in the last analysis it will be found that practically all people get more or less the same amount, Where they differ is in the time of | sleep, not the duration of it. Habit 1s powerful and he who stays up late will sleep late, that is all. Go to bed early, wake up early. It is no wonder that Benjamin Franklin penned his famous couplet. * ox ok % Sleep is so necessary that whenever & man arises, from time to time, to state that it is not needed, he receives little attention from the general public. The dear old public knows better and with right good reason, for so far no known research has shown that there will ever be a way to get around the need. It is & matter of the nerves, and you cannot fool with nerves. It is & matter of the cleansing of the entire system, as well as a question of The functions of the body are slowed down in sieep, at the same time the subconscious mind is given complete | control, relieving the conscious mind. The whole process of sleep is such a natural one, so well taken care of by the entire body that no person knows just when he goes to sleep or how or Just when he wakes up. This is the sliding quality of which the poet 50 correctly speaks. * xox % Lack of sleep, as many & person has found. is not so bad. aiter all, if one resolutely keeps out of it the conscious mind, the mind we use every day. Fretting and fuming about sleepless- ness makes it really bad, as most people know who have tried it. If one stubbornly resists all thoughts to sleep, the chances are large that one will soon be asleep. Wherefore, “counting sheep” and similar devices for wooing slumber are mostly hokum, in every sense, since they prevent the most necessary thing. This necessary thing is disregard of sleep while attempting it. It will be found that thinking about almost any other subject under the sun is better than thinking, “When will I be able to go to sleep?” Even worry, held as the bane of sleep, is not so bad as that. The more determined the effort to go to sleep, the more sure one is not to go at all. WASHI! while trying to get | Inability to sleep should be taken for what it really is, & sort of fllness. The posture of the sick, therefore, is in order, lying on the back. Attempts to go to sleep while lying on the side or stomach are uniformly unsuccessful with many persons, al- though they may never have realized it. Let them turn over and assume the supine or face upward position, hence on the back. - At this point clear distipction must be made between two words, prone and supine. “Prone” is often used loosely to mean simply lying flat, any old way, on back or stomach, but really it means lying face downward. To lie on the back, face upward, is to lie supine. Secondary definitions of “supine,” such as disinclined for exertion, indolent, lethargic, help us keep the meaning straight. If we are indolent, the chances are we are lying around somewhere, prob- ably reading, back down, face up. * x ko This position comes as near to the average conception of “do nothing” as can be imagined and this, of course, is exactly what we want when we attempt to go to sleep. Any other position may mean thought, and this is exactly what we do not want, at least any conscious attempt | to go to sleep. The fatal thing is to think about sleep while attempting to sleep. Think about it now, think about it any time at all except at the precise moments of desiring it. The best way net to think about sleep is to think about something else. Anything else will do, business wor- ries, if one cannot think of anything better. There are, of course, a great many better subjects, under the circumstances. Almost anything that has in it less aspects of worry. Worry is not good at any time, but it is especially bad when there already is one big worry about failure to go to sleep. Any subject which takes the mind | off this big worry will be helpful and put the mind in & condition where it may be surprised and finally overcome. It is right here that the divine sliding character of sleep comes in. Look in the books and see the photo- graphs of the nerve “endings,” how they quietly disengage upon sleep and come together again on waking. Shakespeare was not so far wrong when he wrote about “sleep that knits up the ravell'd sleeve of care” for it is & sort of nightly knitting, after all, or, rather, an unknitting. Xk ox % It is so impossible to live without sleep that very few persons have ever henestly and completely tried it, despite the fact that it has been considered, from time to time, by every person that | ever lived. It seems such a waste of time, in a busy life, such a useless, almost senseless proceeding. It is here, as with so many things, a little knowledge is, indeed, a dangerous thing. The student who looks even partly into the mysteries of life soon comes to see the great need for sleep. Life is a falling forward and downward. It is only the mind and soul of man | which look upward to a better and a different day. Sleep is necessary. The last thing any one ought to want said about him is the label, “the man who never slept.,” because it means a misunderstanding of life and all that goes with it. GTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. President Roosevelt's letter to Pub- lisher Roy W. Howard promising busi- ness a “breathing spell” after the hectic two-vear siege it has endured at the hands of the New Deal is generally | looked upon by politicians as striking the keyvnote of the speeches which F. D. R. will deliver during his impending In broad outline, too. the letter undoubtedly dis- closes the general plans and specifica- tions of the platform on which the Presi dent will seek re-election next year. Al- though Republican leaders like National Chairman Fletcher, Col. Frank Knox, et al, dismiss the President's statements as just so many more New Deal “prom- 1ses,” the business world, which is mainly and immediately concerned. unmistak- ably takes them seriously. The response of the stock market was another bull movement, reflecting the confidence of finance and commerce not only that an industrial upturn has taken place, but that it has sticking quaiities. Authorities are practically agreed that the seasonal advance in trade has been substantially bolstered by Mr. Roosevelt's pledge that the experimental stage at Washington is now behind us—at least for a while. * xox X Pan-America’s disapproval of Musso- lini's plans for war against Ethiopia found vigorous expression at the League of Nations Council last week in Geneva at the hands of Senor Gomez, Mexico's delegate.. After afMirming traditional Mexican friendship for Italy, Senor Gomez recalled the declaration of Au- gust 3, 1932, in which the American re- publics announced their attitude toward the Bolivian-Paraguayan conflict. The declaration set forth the principle of non-recognition of settlements of inter- national disputes obtained by other than pacific means and the non-validity of territorial acquisitions or conquests by force of arms. The Pan-American na- tions thus aimost textually identified themselves with the Stimson doctrine of non-recognition of Japanese aggression in Manchuria, proclaimed a few months earlier. The Mexican delegate’s pro- nouncement is viewed in Washington as adroit and timely notice to Mussolini that his Ethiopian land-grabbing pro- gram evokes no enthusiasm, even among Italy’s sister Latins on this side of the Atlantic, *ox ok x Since the disappearance of N. R. A, codes a few New York department stores have reverted to former work weeks run- ning up to 48 hours. Several establishe ments are operating on schedules of 42, 44 and 45 hours. Three big shops are adhering to the Blue Eagle 40-hour week. Managements which have. reinstituted old hours justify their action on the ground that they have been forced to do 30 by the practices of competitors. They claim that customer convenience is an- other factor. *xx2 P. W. A. Administrator Hopkins, it is admitted on all hands. will have to hit up a clip he has not yet faintly ap- proached if he is to achieve the goal of putting 3,500,000 unemployed to work by November 1. As only something over 837,000 persons have so far been given Jobs, it means that more than 3,500,000 will have to be placed during the next seven or eight weeks—a tall order, on P. W. As record to date. Gen. Hugh Johnson says that Washington will have to be alert to prevent s tremendous influx ef outsiders geing in search of jobs to Mew York, where as re-emplovment boss. As Gotham has ,'managed to get work relief under way | before the rest of the country, Johnson | 1s quoted as being afraid that “we'l looking for jobs in the big city.” * x ¥ Even though the Guffey coal law recently passed by Congress is already under constitutional fire in the courts, its author, Senator Joseph F. Guffey, Democrat. of Pennsylvania, has chalked up the unusual record of having spon- sored a major enactment during his maiden term in Congress. Many mem- bers of both Senate and House serve for years without attaining the glory of seeing written onto the Federal statute books a law bearing their names. Sen- ator Guffey is among the small con- tingent of shrinking violets on Capitol Hill who confine their autobicgraphical sketches in the Congressional Directory to the fewest possible number of words. He records simply that he is a Demo- crat, from Pittsburgh, and unmarried. Guffey is credited with the ambition to become another Boies Penrose and to build up a Keystone Democratic organ- ization that will be as mighty and in- vincible as the famous machine con- structed by the late G. O. P. boss. To that end, the Guffey-Earle combination will make herculean efforts to carry Pennsylvania for Roosevelt in 1936. It actually believes it will do so. * ok % x Bpeaking for 4,500,000 farmers who own 63,000,000 dairy and beef cattle, the National Dairy Union vigorously pro- tests the plans of the Civilian Conserva- tion Corps to buy composition-soled shoes for the boys in camps. The pro- test points out that the holding of 1. 500,000 hides by the Government seri- ously depresses the leather market and that purchase of composition-soled shoes for the C. C. C. will aggravate cattle owners’ woes. It is therefore urged that the C. C. C. should contract for exclu- sively leather-soled footwear, thus aid- ing in utilization of Government-owned hides. Incidentally, it's asserted that leather soles with cleats or hobnails are & better guarantee against slipping accidents in wet weather than composi- tion soles. * ok ok % Benator Nye's munitions committee doubtless will arrange to inspect an early copy of a book about to leave the press, entitled “The Du Pont Dynasty.” The author, John K. Winkler, well- known financial writer, points out among other things that the Du Pont family has received dividends exceeding $250,000,000 from an original investment of $49,000,000 in General Motors. Owning nearly 40 per cent of its stock, he says, the Du Ponts will benefit by about $15,- 000,000 a year from the recent increase of the corporation’s dividend rate. The famous Delawareans are described as now controlling a greater slice of Amer- ican wealth than any other single group of capitalists. L Believing that the New Deal has be- queathed to the people of the United States an unprecedented amount of leisure, especially for reading purposes, a leading magazine is about to begin the publication of & complete book-length novel in each of its monthly editions from now on. The editors explain that readers nowadays have time enough on their hands to absorb & novel at one s (film‘t 19380 have all the bums in the United States | ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS By Frederic J. Haskin. A reader can get the answer to any question of fact by writing The Washing= ton Evening Star Information Burean, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Wasiing- ton, D.C. Please inclose stamp jor reply. Q. In going to Canada on a trip, may & person take a revolver, a shotgun and cigarettes?—C, H. A. One may take a shotgun, but no revolvers or pistols. One may take a reasonable amount of ammunition, 200 cigarettes and 40 cigars. Q. Are as many people killed by the accidental discharge of firearms as by intentional shooting?—B. O. L. A. In a typical year 2,200 deaths re- sulted from firearms accidents, which constituted 68 per cent of all firearms deaths. Q. How many arches are there in the human foot?>—M. G. A. There are three arches in the foot, in addition to the long arch at the in- side which extends from heel to great toe, the longitudinal arch. The front or anterior arch extends across the ball of the foot; the arch at the outside of the foot from the heel to the base of the small toe, and the arch across the middle of the foot under the instep. Q. What caused Kipling to write the “Recessional”?—F. C. A. The poem was inspired by the six- tieth anniversary of Victoria's reign. Q. Why is a native of the Philippine Islands called a Filipino spelled with an “P"?—P. M. E. A. The Philippine Islands were named originally Islas Filipinas in honor of Philip II of Spain. When this name became translated into English, it was spelled with a “ph” instead of an “f." The term Filipino, as applied to the in- habitants, has still been retained in its Spanish form. Q. To what extent does fog interfere with shipping?—D. K. A. There are no general statistics on the subject, but a specific example that may be cited is that of a dense fog that hung for five days over the English Channel. No serious accident resuited. but the time lost by vessels laid up in the Thames estuary alone was estimated to be worth $5,000,000. Q. What is “flat sour” in connection with food spoilage?—D. C A. This is a condition of canned veg- etables in which the outside appearance is usually sound and firm. Although the product is often soft and mushy and has a sour taste and odor, it is not accompanied by gas. Q. Is the sale of aigrettes still for- bidden in the United States?—A. H A. There is still a Federal law pro- hibiting the killing of egrets in thir country, end the sale or t sportation in the United States of their feathers (called aigrettes). Q. What great armies have erossed the Alps?—H. B. T. A, The Alpine system covers nearl the whole of Switzerland. a great part of Northern Italy, several departments of Prance and a large part of Austria ‘The historical passages of the Alps have been those by Alexander the Great, Julius Caesar, to attack the Helvetians; Hannibal, Napoleon. who crossed the Alps into Russia, only to find that the retreating Russians had left Moscow in ruins. The greater part of the French army died in recrossing the Alps into France. Q. What is the difference between a ! carol and a hymn?>—T. A A. It is hard to draw a line between | them. A carol may be said to be & song of religious joy. A hymn mav be but it may also carry a distinct of sadness. thie note Q. Please name some well-kn whose wives were older n were —V. S. A. The Empress Josephine was olde than Napoleon: Queen Catherine of Aragon older than Henry VIII; Mary Stuart was older than Francis I1 of France: Jenny Lind. older than Otto Goldschmidt: Disraelis wife was his elder by 15 years; Ann Hathaway Shakespeare was 8 vears older than her husband: Mrs. Warren G. Harding was older than the late President. wn men they Q. Has the word ignoramus a legal meaning?—C. B A. It is an English law term for the indorsement on the bill of indictment made by a grand jury when they throw out the bill, i. e, when they do not con- sider that the case should go to a petty jury. The expression is now obsolete. The terms ignoramus jury, ignoramus ‘Whig, were common in the political satires and pamphlets of the time. The application of the term to an ignorant person dates from the early part of the seventeenth century. Q. Please give a biography of Daven- port, the cartoonist.—M. L. A. Homer Calvin Davenport (1867- 1912) was born in Silverton, Oreg. After being in turn a jockey, a clown, and a printer's devil, he was employed as a cartoonist on the San Francisco Chron- icle, although he had never attended art school. He attracted the attention of William Randolph Hearst, who brought him to New York in 1895 and employed him on the Evening Journal. In 1906 he visited Arabia and later drew the only picture ever made of the Sultan of Turkey. He is the author of “The Belle of Silverton” and “The Diary of a Country Boy.” e A Rhyme at Twilight B Gertrude Bro:’re Hamiiton The Score at the End It's an easv slope to vagabond road: ‘Where hums the locust and drones the tree-toad, Where the yellowing branches sway and dip Like the flipping lash of a lazy whip, Where the caroling bird and wayside stream Are checkered by shadows in sunset's gleam— Yet end of the trail finds the unblest clod Who takes it, homeless, face down on the sod. Uphill all the way in the town's great hive Where faces are grim and the feet alive, Where the brows are furrowed and mouths are taut And the air is ever with tension fraught, Under the dome of the far blue sky It's dogged hot going and battle ery'— Yet the game as played on the concrete way Finds the man who tackles it blessing