Evening Star Newspaper, April 29, 1935, Page 4

" A4 ww THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTO N, D. C. MONDAY, APRIL 29, 1935. PRESIDENT SPEEDS VAST WORKS DRIVE Calls on All Americans in Fireside Chat to Aid Program. (Continued From Pirst Page.) program will be the eternal vigilance of the American people themselves.” The social security legislation now before Congress, he said, “is a neces- sary part of the future unemploy- ment policy of the Government. “While our present and projected expenditures for work relief are wholly within the reasonable limits of our national credit resources, it is ob- vious that we cannot continue to create governmental deficits for that purpose year after year. We must begin now to make provision for the | future. That is why our social se- curity program is an important part of the complete picture. Asks’ Utility Bill. Of the hotly disputed utility bill, which he described as “legislation to provide for the elimination of un- necessary holding companies”—the | Presicent said: “I consider this legislation a posi- tive recovery measure.” “The absentee management of un- necessary holding company control has lost touch with and has lost the sympathy of the communities it pre- tends to serve,” he said. “Even more significantly it has given the coun- try as a whole an uneasy apprehen- sion of overconcentrated ecenomic power.” Of banking legislation, also sur- rounded by controversy, he said “cer- tain propasals to amend the Federal Reserve act deserve prompt and favor- able action,” He also called for trans- portation legislation, including regula- tion of interstate bus and truck busi- mess. He described the works relief set-up and said “six fundamental principles” will be followed. He said the projects should be useful; should translate a “‘considerable proportion” of the fund into wages; projects “which promise ultimate return to the Federal Treas- ury of a considerable proportion of the costs will be sought™; funds should | be promptly spent: employment created must be for those on relief; projects will be allocated to areas in relation to the numbers on relief in | those areas, NATION RESPONDS TO “FIRESIDE” TALK Roosevelt Is Pleased by Reac- tion—Telegrams Exceed 600. BY J. RUSSELL YOUNG. President Roosevelt was particularly pleased today with the early reaction to the “fireside” talk which he made over the radio last night. Before noon more than 600 telegrams had been received at the White House, most of them bearing words-of praise from persons in various parts of the country. There were’also many tele- phone calls and other messages. In announcing this at the White House today, it was pointed out that it is a little early yet to form any conclusive estimation of the effect of the President’s frank chat with the people of the Nation, but from the tone of the great majority of mes- sages received thus far and the edi- torial comment, the President had every reason to feel gratified. Mr. Roosevelt put the finishing touches to last night's address while cruising on the Potomagc aboard the yacht Sequoia. This was the first cruise he has made aboard this craft this Spring. He was lured to this outing by the inviting balmy weather. He left the White House shortly after noon and returned about dark, being accompanied ‘only "By ‘Col. Marvin H. McIntyre, one of his secre- taries, and one of his stenographers. In planning his day’s' engagements today. the President reserved for him- self practically the entire afternoon, 80 as to give his uninterrupted - at- tention to his mail. RELIEF FUND 17 PCT. OF ALL WAGES IN '3 Would Take All U. S. Wo;kex;l 37 Days.to Reproduce It, Board Says. By the Associated Press. NEW YORK, April 20.—The Na- tional Industrial Conference Board in & summary issued today said the $4,880,000,000 works-relief fund, amounts to 17 per cent of all wages and salaries earned in the United | States in 1933. The board, which is a research or- ganization supported by large corpo- rations, further found the fund is| about 68 per cent of the value of all the products of American farms in 1934, more than twice the total of divi- dends paid in 1933, and about 94 per cent of all interest paid in 1933. “It would take the whole working population of the United States 37 days to produce this $4,880,000,000 work rellef figure,” it was stated by the board. ROOSEVELT’S FRIEND SLATED FOR OFFICE Schoolmate at Groton and Har-| vard Favored for C. of C. Presidency. A schoolmate of President Roose- velt at Groton and Harvard is slated for the presidency of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States when the election is held at the close of the convention Thursday. He is Harper Sibley, 50, a native of Rochester, whose diversified interests are banking, mining, law and agricul- ture. Since 1912 Sibley has spent much of his time developing model farms and ranches, having extensive land holdings in Canada as well as this country. Along with this, he has been identified with religious, philan- thropic and civic affairs. He is & member of the National Council of the Protestant Episcopal Church. ‘Tennis and golf are his pastimes and his partners on the courts are more than apt to be his youngest son and two youngest daughters, Text of President Roosevelt’s Fireside Chat to Nation Sketches Present and Future Plans in Drive for Recovery. lows: Since my annual message to the Congress on January 4 last, I have not addressed the general public over the air. In the many weeks since that time the Congress has devoted itself to the arduous task of formulating legislation necessary to the coun- try's welfare. It has made and is making distinct progress. Before I come to the specific measures, however, I want to leave in your minds one clear fact. The administration and the Con- gress are not proceeding in any haphazard fashion in this task of government. Each of our steps has a definite relationship to every other step. The job of creating a program for the Nation's wel- fare is, in some respects, like the building of a ship. At different points on the coast where I often visit they build great seagoing ships. ‘When one of these ships is under construction and the steel frames have been set in the keel, it is difficult for a person who does not know ships to tell how it will finally look when it is sailing the high seas. It may seem confused to some, but out of tjge multitude of de- tailed parts that go into the mak- ing of the structure the creation of a useful instrument for man ultimately comes. It is that way with the making of a national policy. The objective of the Na- tion has greatly changed in three years. Before that time indi- vidual self-interest and group self- ishness were paramount in ‘public thinking. The general good was &t a discount. Better Understanding Promotes Democracy’s Principles. Three years of hard thinking have changed the picture. More and more people, because of clearer thinking and a better understand- ing, are considering the whole rather than a mere part relating to one section or one crop, or one industry, or an individual private occupation. That is a tremendous gain for principles of democracy. The overwhelming majority of peo- ple in this country know how te sift the wheat from the chaff in what *they hear and what they read. They know that the process of the constructive rebuilding of America cannot be done in a day or a year, but that it is being done in spite of the few who seek to con= fuse them and to profit by their confusion. Americans as a whole are feeling a lot better—a lot more cheerful than for many, many years. The most difficult place in the world to get a clear and open per- spective of the country as a whole is Washington. I am reminded sometimes of what President Wilson once said: “So many people come to Washington who know things that are not so and so few people who know anything about what the people of the United States are thinking about.” That is why I occasionally leave this scene of action for a few days to go fishing or back home to Hyde Park so that 1 can have a chance to think quietly about the country as a whole. To get away from the trees, as they say, and to look at the whole woods. This duty of seeing the country in a long range perspec- tive is one which, in a very special manner, attaches to this office to which you have chosen me, March to Recovery Already Is Unmistakable. Did you ever stop to think that there are, after all, only two posi- tions in the Nation that are filled by the vote of all of the voters— the President and the Vice Presi- dent? That makes it particularly necessary for the Vice President and for me to conceive of our du- ties toward the entire country. 1 speak, therefore, tonight to and of the American people as a whole. My most immediate concern is in carrying out the purposes of the great work program just enacted by the Congress. Its first objective is to put men and women now on the relief rolls to work and, inci- dentally, to assist materially in our already unmistakable march toward recovery. I shall not confuse my discussion by a multitude of fig- ures. So many figures are quoted to prove so many things, some- times it depends upon what paper you read and what broadcast vou hear. Therefore, let us keep our minds on two or three simple es- sential facts in connection with this problem of unemployment. 1t is true that while business and industry are definitely better, our relief rolls are still too large. How- ever, for the first time in five yea the relief rolls have declined in- stead of increased during the Win- ter months. They are still declin- ing. The simple fact is that many million more people have private work today than two years ago to- day or one year ago today and every day that passes offers more chances to work for those who want to work. Two Programs Provided For Present and the Future. In spite of the fact that unem- HE text of President Roose- I velt's speech last night fol- HOLMES HOMEMADE BREAD BUILDS ROBUST HEALTH ‘Made with generous portions of milk and pure honey With a full-flavored good- ness that makes it irresisti- | ble to young 'and old, Holmes Homemade Bread is packed full of health-building ingredients. it is delivered right from our ovens to your home by our Sliced or unsliced, 9c a loaf. Phone your order now for delivery tomorrow morning. MODERN BAKERY Phone NAt. 4537 salesmen. HOLMES PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT, As he addressed the Nation over the radlo last night—Wide World Photo. ployment remains a serious prob- lem here as in every other nation, we have come to recognize the pos= sibility and the necessity of certain helpful remedial measures. These measures are of two kinds. The first is to make provisions intended to relieve, to minimize and to pre- vent future unemployment; the second is to establish the practical means to help those who are une« employed in this present emere gency. Our socfal security lege islation is an attempt to answer the first of these questions. Our work relief program the second The program for social security now pending before the Congress is a necessary part of the future unemployment policy of the Gov- ernment. While our present and projected expenditures for work relief are wholly within the rea- sonable limits of our national credit resources, it is obvious that we cannot continue to create Gov- ernment resources, it is obvious that we cannot continue to cre- ate governmental deficits for that purpose year after year. We must begin now to make provision for the future. That is why our so- cial security program is an i portant part of the complete pic- ture. It proposes, by means of old-age pensions, to help those who have reached the age of re- tirement to give up their jobs and thus give to the Younger gener= ation greater opportunities for work and to give to all a feeling of security as they look toward old age. Would Sustain Purchasing During Economic Distress. The unemploymen insurance part of the legislation will not only help to guard the individual in future periods of lay-off against dependence upon relief, but it will by sustaining purchasing power cushion the shock of economic distress. Another helpful feature of unemployment insurance is the incentive it will give employers to plan more carefully in order that unemployment may be pre- vented by the stabilizing of em- ployment itself. Provisions for social security, however, are protections for the future. Our responsibility for the immediate necessities of the unem- ployed has been met by the Col gress through the most compre hensive werk plan in the history of the Nation. Our problem is to put to work 3.500.000 employable persons now on the relief rolls. Tit is a problem quite as much for private industry as for the Gove ernment. We are losing no time getting the Government's, vast work-re= lief program under way and we have every reason to believe that it should be in full swing by Au- tumn. In directing it, I shall rec~ ognize six fundamental principles: 1. The projects shoula be useful. 2. Projects shall be of a nature that a considerable proportion of the money spent will go into wages for labor. 3. Projects whicn promise ulti- mate return to the Federal Treas- ury of a considerable proportion of the costs will be sought. 4. Funds allotted for each proj« ect should be actually and prompt- ly spent, and not held over until later years. 5. In all cases, projects must be of a character to give employment to those on the relief rolls. 6. Projects will be allocated to localities or relief areas in relation It’s always fresh, because to the number of workers on relief rolls in those areas. Machinery for Directing Huge Program of Works. I next want to make it clear exactly how we shall direct the work. 1. I have set up a division of application and information to which all proposals for the ex- penditure of money must go for preliminary study and considera- tion. 2. After the division of applica- tion and information has sifted these projects, they will be sent to an allotment division composed of representatives of the more impor- tant governmental agencies charged with carrying on work-relief proj- ects. The group will also include representatives of cities and of labor, farming, banking and in- dustry. This allotment division will consider all of the recommenda- tions submitted to it and such proj- ects as they approve will be next submitted to the President, who, under the act, is required to make final allocations. 3. The next step will be to notify the proper Government agency in whose fleld the project falls, and also another agency which I am creating—a progress division. This division will have the duty of co- ordinating the purchase of ma- terials and supplies and of making certain that people who are em- ployed will be taken from the re- lief rolls. It will also have the responsibility of determining work payments in various localities, of making full use of existing employ- ment services and to assist people engaged in work-relief to move as rapidly as possible back into private employment when such employ- ment is available. Moreover, this division will be charged with keep- ing projects moving on schedule. 4. I have felt it to be essentially wise and prudsit to avoid, so far as possible, the creation of new governmental machinery for su- pervising this work. The National Government now has at least 60 different agencies with the staff and the experience and the com- petence necessary to cafry on the 250 or 300 kinds of work that will be undertaken. These agen- cies, therefore. will simply be doing, on a somewhat enlarged scale, th> same sort of things that they have been doing. This will make certain that the largest pos- sible portion of the funds allotted will be spent for actually creating new work and not for building up expensive overhead organizations here in Washington. ‘Months of Preparation Expedite Fund Allotments. For many months preparations have been under way for under- taking this work. The allotment of funds for desirable projects has already begun. The key men for the major responsibility of this great task already have been se- lected. I well realize that the country is expecting, before this year is out. to see the “dirt fly,” as they say. in carrying on this work, and I assure my fellow citizens that no energy will be spared in using these funds effectively to Ho Need foc You to Become BALD . . See Dhomas HEN you were a child you had a good head of hair, didn’t you? In fact your hair con- | tinued to grow normally until one or more of the 14 common local scalp disorders attacked your hair-growing structure and im- peded hair growth. A Thomas expert can determine which of those 14 local conditions are keeping your hair from grow- ing. He can then readily eliminate those disorders, overcome dand- ruff, stop falling hair, and pro- mote normal hair growth on the thin and bald spots. Thomas treat- ment has ended scalp worries, saved hair, and re-grown hair for more than a quarter-million other persons and can do the same for you. Come in today for a FREE scalp examination and see for yourself what this 17-year proved treatment is doing for others and what it can do for you. World’s Leading Hair and Scalp Specialists—Forty-five Offices Suite 1050-51 Washington Building (Corner N. Y. Avenue and 15th St., N. W.) HOURS—9 A M. to 7 P M. SATURDAY to 3:30 P. M. Write for Free Booklet, “How to Retain or Regain Your Hair.” A} make a major attack upon the problem of unemployment. Our responsibility is to all of the people in this country. This 1s a great national crusade to de- stroy enforced idleness, which is an enemy of the human spirit gen- erated by this depression. Our at- tack upon these enemies must be without stint and without discrim- ination. No sectional, no political distinctions can be permitted. It must however, be recognized that when an enterprise of this character is extended over more than 3,000 counties throughout the Nation there may be occasicral instances of inefficiency, bad man- agement or misuse of funds. When case of this kind occur there will be those, of course, who will try to tell you that the excepticral fail- ure is characteristic of the entire endeavor. It should be remem- bered that in every big job there are some imperfections. There are chiselers in every walk of life, there are those in every industry who are guilty of unfair practices, every profession has its black sheep, but long experience ‘n gov- ernment has taugh: me that the exceptional instances of wrong- doing in Government are prabibly less numerous than in alriost every other line o1 endeavor. Vigilance of People Asked to Subdue Graft. The most effective means of preventing such evils in this work relief program will be the eternal vigilance of the American people themselves. I call upon my fel- low citizens everywhere to co- operate with me in making this the most efficient and the cleanest example of public enterprise the world has ever seen. It is time to provide a smashing answer for those cynical men who say that a democracy cannot be honest and efficient. If you will help this can be done. I therefore hope you will watch the work in every corner, of this Nation. Feel free to criticize. Tell me of {nstances where work can be done better or where improper prac- tices prevail. Neither you nor I want criticism conceived in a purely fault-finding or partisan spirit, but I am jealous of the right of every citizen to call to the attention of his Government examples of how the public money can be more effectively spent for the benefit of the American peo- le. E 1 now come, my friends, to the remaining business before the Congress. It has under consider- ation many measures which pro- vide for the rounding out of the program of economic and social reconstruction with which we have been concerned for two years. I can mention only a few of them tonight, but I do not want my mention of specific measures to be interpreted as lack of interest or in disapproval of many other im- portant. proposals that are pend- ing. The national industrial recovery act expires on the 16th of June. After careful consideration, I have asked the Congress to extend the life of this useful agency of gov- ernment. As we have proceeded with the administration of this« act we have found from time to time more and more useful ways of promoting its purposes. No reasonable person wants to aban- don our present gains—we must continue to protect children, to enforce minimum wages, to pre- vent excessive hours, to safeguard, define and enforce collective bar- gaining and, while retaining fair competition, to eliminate, so far as humanly possible, the kinds of unfair practices by selfish minori- ties which, unfortunately, did more than anything else to bring about the recent collapse of in- dustries. Holding Compasy Bill Is Measure for Recovery. There is likewise pending before the Congress legislation to pro- vide for the elimination of un- necessary holding companies in the public utility field. 1 consider this legislation a posi- tive measure. Power production in this country is virtually back to the 1929 peak. The operating companies in the gas and electric fleld dre by and large in good condition. But under holding |a company domination the utility industry has long been hopelessly at war within itself and with pub- lic sentiment. "By far the greater part of the general decline in utility securities had occurred before I was inaugu- rated. The absentee management of unnecessary holding company control has lost touch with and has lost the sympathy of the com- munities it pretends to serve. Even more significantly, it has given the country as a whole an uneasy apprehension of overconcentrated economic power. ist Soviet Republics, April 29 (&)- Pilot Rostorguyefl and Student Pilot Baibuf remained in the air in a glider for 26 hours and 29 minutes yesterday A business that_loses the confl- dence of its customers and the good will of the public cannot long con= tinue to be a good risk for the in- vestor. This legislation will se: the investor by ending the condi- tions which have caused that lack of confidence and good will. It will put the public utility operating in- dustry on a sound basis for the fu- ture, both in its public relations and in its internal relations. Rate Cuts Possible Without Destroying Values. ‘This legislation will not only in the long run result in providing lower electric and gas rates to the consumer, but it will protect the actual value and earning power of properties now owned by thousands of investors who have little pro- tection under the old laws against what used to be called frenzied finance. It will not destroy values. Not only business recovery, but the general economic recovery of the Nation will be greatly stimu- lated by the enactment of legisla- tion designed to improve the status of our transportation agencies. There is need for legislation pro- viding for the regulation of inter- state transportation by busses and trucks, to regulate transportation by water, new provisions for strengthening our merchant marine and air transport, measures for the strengthening of the Interstate Commerce Commission to enable it to carry out a rounded conception of the national transportation sys- tem in which the benefits of pri- vate ownership are retained, while the public stake in these important services is protected by the pub- lic’'s Government. The re-establishment of public confidence in the banks of the Na- tion is one of the most hopeful re- sults of our efforts as a Nation to re-establish public confidence in private banking. We all know that private banking actually exists by virtue of the permission of and regulation by the people as a whole, speaking through their Govern- ment. Wise public policy, however, requires not enly that banking be safe, but that its resources be most fully utilized, in the economic life of the country. To this end it was decided more than 20 years ago that the Gov- ernment should assume the re- sponsibility of providing a means by which the credit of the Nation might be controlled, not by a few private banking institutions, but by a body with public prestige and authority. The answer to this de- mand was the Federal Reserve System. Twenty years of experi- ence with this system have justi- fled the efforts made to create it, but these 20 years have shown by experience definite possibilities for improvement. Certain proposals made to amend the Federal Re- serve act deserve prompt and favorable action by the Congress. They are a minimum of wise re- adjustment of our Federal Reserve System in the light of past ex- perience and present needs. Ability to Master Destiny Has Been Proved. These measures are, in large part, the program which, under my constitutional duty, I have rec- ommended to the Congress. They are essential factors in a rounded program for national recovery. They contemplate the enrichment of our national life by a sound and rational ordering of its various ele- ments and wise provisions for the protection of the weak against the strong. Never since my inauguration in March, 1933, have I felt so unmis- takably the atmosphere of recov- ery. But it is more than the re- covery of the material basis of our individual lives. It is the recovery of confidence in our Democratic processes and institutions. We have survived all of the arduous burdens and the threatening dan- gers of a great economic calamity. We have in the darkest moments of our national trials retained our faith in our own ability to master our destiny. Fear is vanishing and confidence is growing on every side, renewed faith in the vast possibilities of human beings to improve their material and spir- itual status through the instru- mentality of democratic Govern- ment. That faith is receiving its just reward. CLAIM GLIDER RECORD KOKTABEL, Crimea. Union Socia nd claimed a world record. The last record. according to Rus- sians, was established in this country last year, a flight of 24 hours minutes duration. 10 Another pilot, Simonoff, turned 300 loops in & five-hour glider flight. —The Hecht Co. HAIR BRUSHES that usually cost twice as much Aristocrats of brush-land at a nice plebeian price that’s very special. All with serrated bristlé edges, the only kind that do your scalp and hair any real good. All with fine wood backs, rose- wood, ebony, maple or sycamore. Needless to say you'll want at least one! Military brushes $1each. Also a good selection of clothes brushes included. INDUSTRY DIFFERS WITH ROOSEVELT . Recovery Signs Admitted, but How to Proceed Raises Issues. By the Associated Pre President Roosevelt and organized manufacturers found themselves in agreement today over the brightness of recovery prospects, but sharply di- vided as to what cards the New Deal should play next. Congress, freshly bidden by the President to speed controversial meas- ures, heard that the National Associa- tion of Manufacturers wants much of the administration’s legislative pro- gram shelved for the time being. Mr. Roosevelt asserted in his ad- dress last night that never since his inauguartion had he sensed recovery “so unmistakably.” A statement is- sued by the Manufacturers’ Associa- tion a short time before said the coun- try is nearer to “breaking the back of the depression” than at any time since recovery began. But while the President urged im- mediate “rounding out of the program of economic and social reconstruc- tion,” the manufacturers said this Congress should not consider meas- ures which would be a ‘“disturbing element” and compel a halt while in- dustry makes necessary adjustments. Want Measure Postponed. Legislation which the industrialists want postponed include the unemploy- ment insurance provisions of the se- curity bill, the omnibus banking bill, which would strengthen Washington's control over the banking system, and the bill to abolish utility holding com- panies. Prompt passage of these measures was advocated by the President. Further insight into the attitude of tion’s policies was promised by the convention of the Chamber of Com- merce of the United States, opening today with a study of N. R. A. and A. A. A by the American Trade As- sociation executives. President Roosevelt’s message to the country, and the expression of senti- ent from manufacturers, were not the only strong currents sweeping about Congress today. Leaders of the American Federation of Labor, gathered here from all parts 15CLO business men toward the administra- | FASHION SHOP SED TODAY/ of the country, called on legislators to urge enactment of the Wagner labor disputes bill, which would out- law “company-dominated” unions and crenrud & permanent Labor Relations Representatives of international unions, State Federations and city central bodies were among the labor leaders urging speedy action on the bill—the No. 1 item on the federa- tion's legislative “must” list. Labor Dictation Charged. Industry generally opposes the measure, claiming it was designed to drive all workingmen into A. F. of L. unions. ‘William Green, federation president, in his call for the rally, said there was an “almost universal desire of worke | ingmen, women and friends through- out the United States for the enacte inent” of the bill. | In its economic shalysis, the Ni tlor‘;ul Association of Manufacturers | said: | “Surveys indicate that close to $20.- 000,000,000 in expenditures, which | would give employment to 4,000,000 | men for two years, is pent up in the field of factory expansion, renovation | and rehabilitation alone. | “The release of this flow of private capital by removing political un- | certainties would dwarf the billions appropriated by Congress for reliet and make unnecessary the expendi- ture of much of the taxpayers' money.” ; WILL_CHRIS.TEN ENGINE IFnrley and Lehman to Attend | Ceremony at Schenectady. NEW YORK, April 29 (#).—Post- master General James A. Farley, Gov. | Herbert Lehman, other officlals and |railroad leaders are scheduled to | christen the Milwaukee Railroad’s new | streamlined steam locomotive on Tues- day at the Schenectady, N. Y., plant of the American Locomotive Co. The locomotive, described by the company as the “fastest engine in the world,” will be used by the Milwaukee to haul a speed train between Chicago and the Twin Cities. The manufac- turers listed its speed at 120 miles an hour or better. How easy it is to learn - GERMAN Wednesday, May 1; 5, 6, 8, 9 P.M. at the Berlitz School of Languages NAtional 0270 1115 Connecticut Ave, WATCH TOMORROWS PAPERS FOR A SENSATIONAL STORY./ | Experienced salesmen and tailors berg at the 9th & E employment. (Tolletries. Main Floor) HELP WANTED: MALE clothing row morning at 8 o'clock for immediate and haberdashery apply to Mr. Schoen- Fashion Shop tomor- ’ M