Evening Star Newspaper, July 4, 1933, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR ___With Sundsy Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. G TUBSDAY....c.....July 4, 1033 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office ce East 42nd 8t. Ghicago Offce: Lake Michican Bulldine. pean ice: 14 Mtnl 8t.. London. Englan Rate by Carrier Within the City. Evening Btar.. .. .. ... -45cver month he ) .60c per month The Evening and (when 5 Sunda: 5c per month T Y ke at th eid of ehch monthy Coll ade af Orders may e sent in by mail of telephoné N#tional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. yland and Virginia. Dll}] ln‘d Sunday. 1yr., ‘:: % 1mo., : 31 a0 e:x:d’-yuno;ly 1yr., $4.00; 1 = su‘l" II,D(O: 1 $1.00 Bally amg Sundar: 1 3n "i00: 1mo. " ise Sunday only . o Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press is exclusively entitled to the use for republication of all news dis- patches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and also the local news published herein _ All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. vening and n 4 Sundays mo.. The Flag and the TUnrepresented. ‘Washington, the Capital of the United States, is decked with flags today, flags representing the Union of the States, the Nation. They are displayed in honor of the birthday of the Republic, which came into being one hundred and fifty-seven years ago with the adop- tion of the Declaration of Independence from the rule of England. They bear thirteen stripes, Tepresenting the col- onies which by that action broke away from the shackles of overseas dominion | and became units of the Governmem{ that later Lincoln defined as of the| people, for the people and by the people. They also bear a fleld of forty-eight stars, representing the aggregation of States comprising the Union of today. It is & beautiful flag, inspiring in its significance and its symbolism. But it | is incomplete. The fleld of stars does not tell the full story of the organiza- tion. One star is lacking, not the sign | of a State, but the sign of an American community, integral part of the great commonweath, whose members are Americans for all the purposes of gov- ernment as affects their duties and their obligations and their responsibilities. | But they are not Americans in respect | to the fundamental Tight of representa- | tion in the body of the Nation's law- | makers. They are denied the vital| privilege of participation in the choice | of their administrators and in th!l process of taxation for the maintenance of their Government. The missing star on the Nation’s em- blem cannot be placed in the fleld, for the District of Columbia is not & poten- tial State. Nevertheless, the right of representation in the law-making and | tax-voting body and in the electoral college which chooses the national | executive can be granted. It should have been granted many years ago, in- deed, when this segregated area was created for the purposes of Federal ad- ministration. It should have been granted by the great instrument of American organization, the Constitution. Now, one hundred and fifty-seven years after the Declaration of Inde- pendence was signed and one hundred and forty-four years after the Consti- tution was ratified and adopted by the States, the omission stands as a re- proach to the Union. It is not too late for this justice to be rendered to the nearly half a million Americans who comprise the Capital community. It | is never too late to render justice. The way to this redemption of the citizen- ship of the disfranchised District of Columbia lies through the amendment of the Constitution, to give to Congress the power to enact a law which will grant the District right of representa- tion in the law-making and taxing body, and give it a voice in the choice of the President. It will take the votes of two-thirds of the Congress and of three-fourths of the States to effect this act of justice. Such votes have been given for less important and worthy causes. They have been given in emotional stress, in pass- ing conditions, in some cases for doubt- ful purposes. Of the need, the justice and the fundamental American honesty of this cause of the disfranchised, un- represented District-Americans there is no question. When the proposed amendment to the Constitution is adopted by Congress and ratified by the States—as it must be some day, and as it should be soon— there will be no visible change on this score in the flag that will be flung to the breeze on occasions such as that of today, but it will be a truer emblem of American liberty and Government of and by and for the people. It will not be a token of taxation without repre- sentation, which is tyranny. ———e————— Business details are not simplified when eccentricity of ciimate creates sudden interest in July fashions for overcoats. —— e For the People. One hundred and fifty-seven years ago America declared its independence. A new form of government was set up in this country, which, after the War of the Revolution, was crystallized by the adoption of the Constitution. Under that government the American pecple have attained the greatest spiritual and material benefits recorded in the history of any nation. There have been checks, serious checks, in the onward progress of the people—great depressions, a civil war. Always, however, the people have rallied and the progress has been re- sumed. For more than three years this | country has been in the grip of an industrial and agricultural depression. But today there is promise that the American people will again advance toward a sound, more widespread and more evenly divided prosperity. - If that advance is to be made it must be achieved by the people themseives. No advance was ever made by lagging, by Tefusing to play the game. ‘The people through their elected rep- yesentatives in Congress have placed great powers in the hands of the Chief Executive and his aides. These powers are to be used for the benefit of all the people. They have been designed to help the farmer, the worker in the fac- tory, the railroad, the home owner, the factory owner—indeed, to help the en- tire Nation. They can be successfully cess. Should selfish interests be per- mitted to govern, either of capital or of labor, of farmer or of the city man, the whole structure will fall. The Government of the United States was set up for the people and by the people. The people were not created for the Government. That is a fact that the governing powers must not forget in the operation of the laws which have been written upon the statute books during the past three months. These laws are capable of being operated in a ‘manner oppressive to large numbers of the people. If that should happen, failure instead of suc- cess would crown the movement now under way. The country today is full of hope. Prices of commodities have increased, glving new confidence to the producers. ‘Wages of many workers have been in- ! creased, giving promise of ability to purchase and to consume. Wheat has passed the dollar mark. Cotton is selling for more than ten cents. The American people, if they muster their courage, can go forward. The Government, no matter how benificent in intent, can get nowhere without the support of all the people. The Government is ready to mncnonfi in their interest. The people, on the anniversary of the birth of their inde- pendence, must dedicate themselves lanew to the struggle for a greater measure of fair dealing and content, a struggle which never ceases. BEEDESTVES Independence Day. On this day one hundred and fifty- seven years ago “our fathers brought | forth on this continent a new Nation, | conceived in liberty and dedicated to | the proposition that all men are created equal” Fifty-four representatives of | the American people, solemnly acknowl- edging “a firm reliance on the pro- tection of Divine Providence,” joined to “mutually pledge” their lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor in support of the Declaration of Inde- pendence. The document was ap- proved and signed for publication throughout the world. It everywhere was received as a proclamation of a new conception of the duty of man, as a| manifesto of a popular assumption of the responsibilities of civic and social | freedom. Nothing of the kind ever be- fore had been promulgated. It marked the opening of a new epoch in human history, and as such it still stands, a | milestone on the path which the race is treading up from the dark of creation’s nether bed into the light of a new heaven in a new earth. It is worth stressing that the Declara- | tion was not in any respect a casual | utterance, in the judgment of its au- | thors and sponsors. On the contrary, | they were deeply conscicus of the signi- ficance of their action. They realized to the full the importance of their de- cision to sever traditional ties with the | British crown. They gave in detail a | lengthy list of their reasons for dissolv- ing the political bonds which hitherto bhad bound the Colonies with the Mother country. They were anxious not to be misunderstood and were at pains to render their intentions intelli- gible to their contemporaries in other sections of the globe. They meant that the break should be permanent and lasting, and they specified that they desired to separate themselves from the British Parliament and people quite as definitely as they wished to divorce themselves from the royal power. They accepted it as an obvious truth that a new type of civilization had grown up in the West, and it was their intention to organize that culture ac- cording to natural principles lcng philosophically accepted but politically denied. They looked upon themselves | as the agents of a new Nation, taking up the burdens of self-government in the interests of the safety and happi- ness of the people by whom they were commissioned. Had the Revolution failed, had the Continental Armies been defeated, the Declaration would have been the classic jest of modern times. The signers were not unaware of the risk involved. George Washington was appointed to translate their idealism into forms of victory, and success was granted him in his labors in that cause. But even | when peace had been restored between | England and the Colonies = there re- mained some doubt as to the degree in which the gains of freedom could be preserved. The Constitution was Amer- ica’s answer to that skepticism, and the reply was confirmed by the results | of the terrible war between the States which eventually had to be fought to test “whether that Nation or any na- tion so conceived and so dedicated can long endure.” But the ordeals of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries were not peculiar to earlier generations than that to which the living men and women of today be- | long. The American people at this | present moment are facing tests quite as trying to the soul as any experienced by their predecessors. Freedom per- force must be consistently protected, consistently practiced, if it is to sur- vive. Civic responsibility, once assumed, must be enduringly supported. Inde- pendence, for whole populations and for individuals alike, must be justified. ———— Among the experts to be called in future international transactions may be a thoroughly trained corps of credit men. ———————————— A Declaration of Independence. This anniversary of that immortal Fourth of July of 1776 finds the United States once again declaring its inde- pendence—not of any foreign power seeking to impose its domination upon this liberty-craving land, but of a group of European states which would place shackles of gold upon the freedom of the American people to order their cur- rency destinies exclusively as suits their own and immediate purposes. It fell to the lot of President Frank- lin D. Roosevelt to proclaim this “new birth of freedom” in the face of at- tempts at the London Economic Con- ference to bring about a temporary stabilization of exchange that would end fluctuations in the value of the dollar in Europe, to the serious dis- advantage, as they claim, of countries like France and others which cling to the gold standard. With a forthright- ness unparalleled on such occasions, the President addressed to the conference a message hardly indistinguishable from a rebuke. Mr. Roosevelt gets down to brass ( employed only if the people co-operate o make the forward movement & Suc~ tacks. He bejabors the conference for squandering its energies on the minor problem of exchange while dodging the business “for which it was originally called together.” Without mincing words, the President assalls London’s efforts to support the gold standard as “purely an artificial and temporary experiment affecting the monetary ex- change of a few nations only.” Mr. Roosevelt would regard it as “a catas- trophe amounting to & world tragedy if the great conference of nations con- permanent financial stability and greater prosperity to the masses in all nations should, in advance of any seri- ous effort to consider the broader prob- lems, allow itself to be diverted from the conference of “a singular lack of proportion” and thereby of continuing “the basic economic errors that underlie 50 much of the present world-wide de- pression.” In addition, he makes caustic and significant allusion to gov- ernments which persist in ignoring the evils of excessive expenditure and un- balanced budgets. ‘Then, proceeding to s defense of America’s position, the President as- serts that “the sound internal economic system of a nation is a greater factor in its well-being than the price of its currency in changing terms of curren- cles of other nations.” That is an- other way of saying that the United States at this time is far more con- cerned in such agreeable phenomena as “dollar wheat,” “ten-cent cotton” and other evidences of steadily in- creasing commodity prices. It is the Roosevelt way of telling Europe that rising prices for products of the American farm and, foundry are im- now than falling prices for the dollar in terms of francs or pounds. The kind of dollar Mr. Roosevelt seeks is one “that will have a generation hence power as the dollar value the United States hopes to attain in the near fu- ture.” Uncle Sam is playing for the long haul, in other words, and will not be distracted by ephemeral panaceas. Events, and relatively soon, should show whether the “bold experimenta- tion” upon which the Nation under Mr. Roosevelt's command has so hopefully embarked is destined to produce the projected results or not. By the same standard the world will eventually judge the wisdom or otherwise of the declara- tion of American independence just proclaimed by him in the realm of world economics. e —r——— Incidentally some of the eloquent references to equal privileges of men cannot fail to call attention to the fact that citizens of the District of Columbia do not enjoy life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness to the extent of being allowed to vote. — e It has often been complained that better compensation too often tempts good men to leave the Government to accept private employment. The fur- lough-without-pay system should not be so overworked as to aggravate the evil ——————————— Explanation of the news is becoming one of raido's most popular features. In spite of abundant and erudite en- deavor, official statesmanship admits that certain points in passing events remain puzzling. —— e The acuteness of affairs is shown by the fact that when statesmen seek quietude for conference and thought, they admit it and do not try to ease the mind of the world by sending word that they have gone fishing. — et The Declaration of Independence is simple and clear. As in the case of the United States Constitution, the amendments arouse more annual oratory than the original text. Even if his treasure is not discovered, about the only thing apparently remain- ing for a gold hoarder to do with his gold is to keep on hoarding. ————————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Day of Rejoicing. There are days when we linger in doubt and regret And sorrow gives breath to a sigh, But this is not one of them. Do not forget ‘That THIS is the Fourth of July. There are days which are claimed by the shadows which crowd In threatening ranks through the sky, But we'll challenge the stars with their glory so proud, For THIS is the Fourth of July. Let us sternly await any gesture of Fate With a menace to pride, by and by, There are days when grim vigilance darkly must wait— But THIS is the Fourth of July! Coming Too Swiftly. “How are investigations coming along?” “Too fast for my intellectual capac- ity,” answered Senator Sorghum. “The revelations of today are so astonish- ing I can’t remember what we found out day before yesterday.” Jud Tunkins says maybe there is such a thing as firecracker patriotism; the kind that delivers all you can expect when it makes & lot of noise. Better Thus. In days of depression like these Let us sing in the optimist’s key: Were airplanes, mosquitoes or hornets or fleas, ‘What enormous bad neighbors they'd be.” Training for a Future. “What will be your son’s avocation?” “I think mebbe he’s practicin’ to, be a street car conductor,” answered Farmer Corntossel. “He's already tellin’ everybody in the family where we get oft.” “Many men,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown, “are sao accustomed to work in deception that it is possible A “hot dog” has a little bark Which those who bite one must remark, But fanciers his strong points assail, He has no head. He is all tail. “Puttin’ off things till tomorrow ain’ 50 bad,” said Uncle Eben, “pervidin’ you been busy doin’ all de things didn’ find time for yesterday.” vened to bring about a more real and | usage that program.” The President accuses| of mensely more important in his eyes just | the same purchasing and debt-paying | THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. person says “Phew!” in his temperature rises at It is & good interjection, it is in the dictionary, and it has the sanction of behind it. Nevertheless, one is better off without it, we are convinced. Certainly other people are very much gzgrwummmm'ewm A good “phewer” not only raises his | Oul own temperature two degrees, but that his listeners at least four degrees, if one may judge from one’s own case. * ¥ ¥ % It is just another instance of getting “hot under the collar.” ‘The real heat we mind, in hot weather, is not in the blood stream, of. course, but between the skin and the clothes. That’s where women, as & rule, show more sense than men. They wear less clothes. Hence, inner heat has & chance to get out. At a recent scientific meeting a plan was put forward for utilizing the heat of the human body to heat one's home. Heated house walls were to offset a cer- tain amount of cold air space, in order wpermnl.hzbgdyhnr.wdothem * * X ‘Whether this scheme is practical re- mains to be seen but certainly during Summer most 8f us feel that it has pos- sibilities, to say the least. There are mental, as well as physical, aspects in this business of keeping cool during the hot spells. “Perhaps it is not 80 much a matter of keeping cool (for, after all, that is impossible, upon occa- sion) as of keeping as cool as one can, at the same time keeping the mind off the physical unpleasantness. * ‘The comfort zone of & modern human being is amazingly small. There are some persons who actually are skin- happy only in a range of two to four dey While most persons have a slightly wider range, there are these sus- ceptibles, as they might be called, who are “freezing” one moment and calling out “Phew!” the next, when all the time the temperature has changed but little. * ok k% It is especially desirable that such persons go easy in the use of this popular exclamation. Every time they say “Phew!” as a sort of verbal relief, they make them- selves just so much the hotter. Any one who doubts this can try it out for himself. It is a funny sort of game, at first, but in & few moments one easily recm nizes the dire changes going on the bodily economy. ‘Wherefore, everyone who suffers from the heat should make it a prime rule never to use “Phew!” himself, and also do his best to keep others from us- ing it. * X X % Yet it is an amazingly popular in- terjection. During hot weather it is used on all sides, in offices, homes and on the street, ‘The business man, coming back to his desk from lunch, peels off his coat, sits down in his swivel chair, pulls out lclnl.l handkerchief, mops his brow and The housewife, sensibly wearing no more clothes than are necessary, nev- ertheless feels impelled, at various times during the morning, as she goes about her tasks, to repeat softly, “Phew!” There is just one combination more insulting to the ear in Summer than High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands RISH INDEPENDENT, Dublin—A career master who gives the boys advice as to the profession or oc- cupation best suited to their talents is now a recognized official in Eng- lish publish schools. Some colleges and universities in Ireland have organized an Appointments Bureau. But apart from these, it is true that Irish parents have no institution, no statistics, noth- ing but their own judgment to guide them in deciding what calling offers prospects to their children. It should be possible for the Department of Edu- cation, if the National University and other educational bodies gave some help, to prepare every year a report of facts, statistics and advice for parents. In this way some of the overcrowding of the professions might be avoided. * %k k% Deplores Clashes At Baby Shows. Irish Independent, Dublin—Dr. C. 8. Thomas of Belfast, at the Eastbourne Congress of the Royal Institute of Pub. lic Health, said that baby shows were “the very devil.” “Every mother thinks her baby is the best in” the show, and if you decide against her she will ask you what you have received for.judging. I have seen one mother black another's eye at one of these competitions.” * kX % Austrians Score German “Boycott.” Vienna Herald.—For reasons based on political differences, Fascist Germany has placed a virtual boycott on travel by German citizens to Austria. This Summer, no matter how friendly or well disposed German tourists may feel toward Austria, they will certainly think twice or thrice before paying 1,000 marks per capita for the privilege of spending a couple of weeks in their neighbor state. The action of Germany is no doubt directed principally against the hotel industry the Austrian Alps, in the Tyrol and in the Salzhurg and Voral- berg districts, in former years the fa- vorite resorts of German recreation seekers. The result this year will be a heavy loss to the proprietors of such retreats, and also to the transportation companies. ‘The real purpose behind the em| ), however, is to bring e upon the Austrian government in its dealings with the National-Socialist development in Berlin. This action will probably have results very different from those expected. All loyal citizens of our country will take up a stronger and more concerted defense of native in- terests, and foreign travelers from other quarters of the globe will be greeted with a hospitality and kindness even greater than any evinced before, noted as we have been for our welcomes and ministrations to the stranger. The opinion of all liberty-loving and democratic people, especially, will be on our side in this unjust economic dis- crimination. ~Counting upon this re- ciprocal and spontaneous sympathy, Austria_appeals now to the tourists of England, America, France and the world in general. Austria has been in late years at least two-thirds dependent for her national recovery upon patronage of foreign tourists. But this is no selfish or one-sided arrangement. In return for the pecuniary advantages thus flowing from the exterioz we offer travelers something unique, something magical. This somethini of German art and candor.” to mystify them by the merest ey o the | organ for State government, an interim plain “Phew,” and that is, “Phew! Ain't it &mr’ mind is intimately with tite heat-making machinery of the human body. If the heat is outside us, as we in- cline to think at this time of year, Dart of it s coming from “the tnside 1‘n'!’l.r! of it is heat held in by cloth- * % x % No doubt the sensible thing to do is to wear as little clothing and as light clothing as possible, at the same time keeping as clean as possible and eating as little food as possible. To these cardinal rules may be added that of being abstemious in the use of these exclamations, which tend to aggravate the case. w&""x”flu’.“’"n&‘,’.” far as to ask any one to refr; discussing the state of the weather. That's another matter. - These good souls who refuse to talk of the weather worry us extremely. There is no more interesting topic, and if any one doesn’t believe that, let him listen to human beings wherever he finds them. The chances are 10 to 1 that they will be talking about the weather, if that weather gives them the sligh opportunity, either by its sudden change or its magnitude, one way or the other, up or down, according to the ther- mometer. * x k% ‘To talk about the weather is one thing; to utter “Phew” in heart-rend- ing tones, while mopping the brow, is quite another. ‘The first is a healthful recognition of jnature'u immortal forces, out of which, |and as a direct result of which, under | | the provinces of Almighty God, arose | | this perfectly tremendous, this stupend- | ous, world of which we are a part. The second is a griping in the face of day and night, a whining before God and man, a futile gesture and a childish complaint. “Phew” is a word too good to lose, but too bad to keep in constant usage; it is good, because vast- ly expressive, used in the right place; bad, because it calls attention to heat, at this time of year, and thereby helps to make us all hot under the collar. e It may serve a good purpose, how- ever, if it points to the plain needs for less clothing in Summer, lighter cloth- ing, especially in color, to reflect heat, | not to absorb it; if it calls attention to | the need for utter cleanliness, for les- |sened food intake during the hot | months, for care in the selection of | what one eats, and where and under | what conditions. Another plain necessity of hot weather is a lessening of tight bands. of wearing constrictive clothing more | than men, but probably the role is re- versed today: men do not wear corsets ! of any sort, but they do insist on wear- ing collars around their necks, tight | garters around the calves of their legs, and tight belts around their wrists. ‘These things are constrictive, not only in themselves, but of heat waves, | which they prevent from passing up i and out. What can be done about| them is difficult to say. Clothing re- form is notoriously difficult. Perhaps it might be begun by keeping in mind that “Phew” is a heat-compelling, not |8 heat-chasing, word, and that its elimination is even more necessary than that of tight belts. | could cull from a thousand books. They | will learn and they will delight in the | instruction. Besides all this, those who | favor our land with their presence and | patronage will contribute vitally to the cause of peace in Europe by help-| | ing to preserve another independent | and thriving state, with which the fate | of the whole continent may be said to | be inexorably enmnfiled‘ * % ¥ | Fund Will Help Destitute Artists. | _“Le Petit Marseillais, Marseille—The | Prench Academy has been authorized to | | accept the bequest of Mme. Devaux, | widow of M. Joaquin dos Santos, a sum | of 300,000 francs ($14,460), the income | of which will be distributed annually toward the assistance of destitute | artists, whether painters, sculptors or musicians; particularly those who are superannuated and noted for special | | and those who suffered other major and | entirely disabling injuries during the war of 1914-1918 will also be considered in the distribution of the yearly | stipends. | ——— | The Films and the Stage. | From the New York Herald Tribune. ‘The theater season along Broadway | being, to all intents and purposes, dead as muttons and most of its troupers scattered at country playhouses somc- | where between Skowhegan and Cape May, Variety, the handbook of the | American theater and guide, philoso- | | pher and friend of the acting profes- | sion, has cast up its accounts for the year and sees no occasion for bursting | into highland flings or opening up| | double magnums of champagne to cele- | brate its findings. During the seascn of 1932-33 there were only nine plays that turned in a solid and sensible profit at the box office out of 117 dramatic essays. There were, to be sure, other plays which broke even or gave their producers and participants dividends in prestige, but less than half a score made money for their entrepreneurs. Some mitigation, however, of these dolorous tidings may be found in the circumstance that 19 different stage attractions, 10 of which failed to make money as Broadway ventures, brought back to the neighborhood of Longacre Square the sum of $300,000 for film rights. “Dinner at Eight” and ‘“De- sign for Living” went to Hollywood for $50,000 each, while the remaining $200,- 000 went into the pockets of authors and producers of slightly less notable shows. Here, at least, is one instance in which Broadway is in debt to the often traduced overlords of the screen. To assert, in the face of such substan- tial figures as are available for the| last season, that the films are wholly a menace to the legitimate theater is to be prejudiced by imagination rather than influenced by facts. s Beating Lobbyists to It. Prom the Minneapolis Journal. 4 Kansas claims it has invented a new legislative council, composed of 15 House members and 10 _Senators, with the Speaker and the lieutenant gov- ernor, which must meet at least four times a year to consider proposed legis- lation. The council will gather special information regarding needed laws and may convene anywhere in The idea is that this will give the people more of a say in legislative af- fairs and serve as a fact and opinion finding agency. The legislators say to this expedient by er of the ‘They hope to several jumps ahead of these ‘Apparently Kansss has never heard of the tive Research Bureau, designed to function similarly in fact finding. ‘were driven increasing Rough Workers. From the Lowell Evening Leader. Officials at Albany have been asked Our | to decide whether or not dentists are Eflshavebamfimuwhm pression that they were plle-driver. mechanics. we got the operating & achievements in their fleld. The blind | 80t NEW BOOKS AT RANDOM Mugare_czermond. WIFE FOR SALE. By Kathleen Nor- ris. New York: Doubledsy, Doran & Co., Inc. ‘The utter futility of families of cer- tain types when suddenly bereft of the bread-winning head of the house is one of the problems of American life against which no sort of social edu- cation that has so far been applied |Ad has proved either an adequate remedy or an effective weapon. Just such a ly is the burden of “Wife for Sale,” h the story centers upon Norah Oliver, a rather unsubstantial hub on which the family wheel depends for stability of motion. From the time women first entered the business world until about a dozen | or so years ago the large majority of them were engaged in money earning capacities because fate had removed the financial head of the family, thus forcing them into occupations for which they were ill suited and fre- quently relegating them to a social status quite different from that which they had previously enjoyed. When the Great War brought about the employ- ment of hundreds of thousands of ‘women in capacities almost undreamed of in earlier days, a new spirit was born. Until then only a comparative few of the thousands of gainfully em- ployed women worked because they liked to work. Surveys and compila- itest | tions of statistics made during the past few years, however, show that, while necessity is still the reason actuating the major percentage of woman work- ers, the ratio of those who are now engaged in gainful occupations be- cauge they have chosen either business or professional careers as a matter of personal preference is nearing the ma- Jority point. In the light of this development, it is sometimes amazing to contemplate the number of splendid families of sup- posedly comfortable circumstances that turn out to be hopelessly at sea when the source of income ceases. Norah Oliver is the victim of just such a fam- ily and condition. While “daddy” was with them the family had lived .in a substantial and attractive little home of their own, with lawns and flowers and rooms which meant comfort and security for each of them. But he died, leaving behind him a wife and four grown children hopelessly unfitted to maintain themselves. marries a bombastic talker whose father has money, while the three ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC ]. HASKIN. ve never used the serv- . It 1s maintained for efit. Be sure to send your name with K:mr question and in- coin Bureau, Prederic J. ‘Washin, . C. Q. What is the weekly pay roll in the motion picture industry in Holly- wood?—M. M. A. Approximately $1,472,000. Q. Are all the highways in Yosemite National Park now open to the public? —R. L. A. Tioga Pass Road has been cleared of snow, and all highways in the park are now in condition for Summer | travel Q. Is the suspension of the gold |standard regarded as of indefinite duration?—A. T. P. A Already, principal gold-using na. | tions are planning a return to the gold i standard, with Great Britain leading the movement. It is predicted generally | that there will be a general return to gold by 1935. 5 QL Does the moon give any light?>— i A. The moon is not & luminous body, but shines with reflected sunlight. It is illuminated either directly by the sun or more dimly by sunlight refected | from the earth. Q. Where were doors first opened léuwmltlcluy by a beam of light?— S, ‘AL A device for the self-opening of | doors operated by an invisible ray of light was first applied in a restaurant at Savin Rock, West Haven, Conn. It | was also to be installed in a new Childs Restaurant in New York. As a person approaches within a few feet of the door he intercepts a light beam of the | size of a half-dollar. By so doing it releases a mechanism which automati- cally flings the doors wide open. Q. Was there a treaty in the early days between America and Germany to the two countries the citizens of each | could return to their respective coun. A. He will be 26 this year. He was born December 23, 1907. Q. Can the white race ever be com- gln:‘ly acclimated in the tropics?— A. The white man can live there, ac- cording to a scientist who made a study of the question for the Smithsonian | Institut; but he needs intelligence and a ri discipline, in order to do so successfully. Life in the tropics will certainly become more comfortable as well as safer for the white race, says this authority, but acclimatization in its full and literal sense is and will remain impossible. Q. What can be done to check soil | erosion?—N. R. C. A. Elaborate experiments are being | carried cn. Terracing, strip-cropping, | scarification of the land, living dams of grass, trees, shrubs and vines, and dams made of rock, brush or poles, are methods suited to various terrains. Q. How often has Venizelos been premier of Greece?>—G. S. A. He has been premier eight times and a leading Eurcpean statesman since | the World War. Q. Can cats really see in the dark? —M. B. A It is true that cats see iIn | the dark. The pupils of a cat’s eyes, | which, as a rule, are vertically linear, are capable of great expansion and con- traction, according to the light about them. The eyesight is good at all times, but at night is supplemented by the | highly sensitive feelers (vibrissae), long hairs projecting from the muzzle and | above the eyes, each springing from a follicle from which a special nerve com- municates with the brain. Q. How is the cord called the Four- ragere bestowed?—J. C. A. The Fourragere is bestowed on en- tire units for special expicits or gen- eral excellence. There are three classes: First class carries the red cord | of the Legion of Honcr, second class carries the green and yellow cord of the Medale Militaire and third class carries the green and red cord of the Croix de Guerre. The unit which has been decorated carries the color throughout its existence. Individual members of | the unit at the time of decoration may One of the girls | the effect that, in case of war between | Wear the ribbon, but not later recruits. | Q. Who is the best bull fighter in others find jobs and endeavor to earn | tries unmolested and with property | Spain?>—L. G. a living. Reverses are never easy to bear, even rights respected?>—G. J. H. A. A treaty was negotiated between A. Belmonte reigns supreme as mas- ter of the art, Nino de la Palma as the by the stout-hearted, and to the Oliver | the United States and the King of /most graceful, while Matias Lara, who family the move from their beloved Prussia, originally in 1785; reaffirmed | bas just retired, was considered the suburban home into a tiny, malodorous | and amended in 1799 and 1818. This | most fearless bull fighter. and noisy aj ent in the “flats” sec- tion of New York City is little short of tragedy. Mrs. Oliver becomes il Norah’s suitor has forsaken her. Keith is the first to lose his job, then Norah happy younger sister. The two girls hate to work and therefore they took no interest in their jobs. Things have reached a sorry plight with them, when | Norah, in desperation, writes a letter to the forum column of a newspaper offering herself for sale as a wife to any man who will support her and her family. ‘The letter is answered and Norah is plunged into a series of rapid changes and adventures, with life a whirl of ex- citement in a world turned topsy-turvy during a year and a half of suspense in which her emotions are constantly | skipping from fear to happiness, from | dread to reassurance and from despair to joy. “Wife for Sale” is decidedly an en- tertaining story for Summer time read- * X % % PROTECTING MARGOT. By Alice| Grant Rosman. New York: Min-| ton, Balch & Co. Here is a perfectly delicicus novel | which, though not extraordinary in sub- | ject matter, is handled so well that it| sparkles as though it were a brand-new : idea. The topic is, as a matter of fact, | almost threadbare from usage for many | forms of entertainment. There have been numerous projections of the steam- roller type of protector for wealthy old maids, aunts, cousins, uncles and un- suspecting neighbors. All of them, as a rule, are interesting and amusing, for they offer a wealth of cpportunities for character portrayal and the free ex- pression of individual opinions. “Pro- tecting Margot” has all of these quali- ties and a few others. Margot Filldes is the victim of two unhappy “accidents”—a runaway hus- band and a managing sister-in-law. She was married at eighteen through the ccnnivance of Clara Filldes, and when | less than a year later her husband de- | serted her for an attractive blond | neighbor the same Clara shouldered the | burden of “protecting poor, dear Mar- So kindly and carefully has the pro- | tecting been done that Margot, at forty- | two years cf age, is a forlorn and homely antiquity, dressed almost like a scare- crow despite her wealth, because thg circumstances require that she attraci no attention, and because she is too old | and ugly to dress up anyhow. Also, the | managing has been so delicately done | that, without realizing it, poor, dear | Margot has been a very substantial “planet,” according to the definition of that word given by the little boy in school who when asked,.after a lesson on the solar system, “What is the name | cf the planet on which you live?”| answered, “My grandfather.” So, in’ her capacity as the family | planet, Margot has sent the nieces and nephews to school, clothed them, financed trips and amusements and kept open house for them in her big London home which she has refused to | surrender, despite all efforts to induce her to move into less expensive quarters. In all things save two this unattractive ancient has beeri like molding clay in | the hands of the efficient Clara, She | has refused to give up her house, and she has refused to take from the wall a photograph which Clara dislikes of her errant husband. Perhaps things would have gone on to the end in this fashion if another | one of the family “problems” had not | ap) . Nicholas, younger brother of Clara, suddenly comes home from India, where he has cut short his army service, for which action he refuses to give a reason. Meanwhile a French clothing establishment with an English girl manager has opened a shop in Lon- don, right under Margot's nose, as Clara emphatically proclaims it. Complications of various kinds pile rapidly upon one another when Nich- olas plays ducks and drakes with his sister’s command of full steam ahead for the protection of poor dear Margot from the eml nt, disgrace and conndent’ at ine ‘Bnglih gl ‘shop: confident that the keeper intends to inflict. A delightful romance adds to the zest of the story, making it altogether just such a novel as Summer time laziness creates a liking for. —————————— Chopping and Chewing. From the Detroit News. ‘The reforesters may not smoke, but are allowed to chew. not only protects our forests from fire but may in time revive a great primitive art. ————————— Polite Bandits. Prom the Springfield (Mass) Dally Re- publican. The brigands of Kansas City come up to the high standard of polif set by the Pirates of Penzance. No Beach Depression. From the Charleston (8.C.) Evening Post. ‘Whether in g recoveey the SUry o Lo ckenes is Jusk as refreshing and exhilarating on & hot ————————— The First Real Skipper. From the Boston Evening Transcript. Pranklin Roosevelt, we believe, is the first man in the office com- presidential to sail any other craft than the of Btate. provided: “If war should arise between | the two contracting parties the mer- | chants of either country then residing in the other country shall be allowed to | remain nine months to collect their It used to be that women were accused | and eventually Eve, the chronically un- | debts and settle their affairs and may | then depart freely, carrying off all their effects without molestation or hind- | rance.” | Q Do monkeys and other animals |use their right limbs more than their left, as humans do?>—R. 8. J. A. Monkeys and other animals in general do not use their right limbs any more than their left. In some | species one limb is used more ccnstant- | iy than the other. Q Why are there cell-like partitions | in the base of the Statue of Liberty?— | N. McC. | A. In 1841 there was constructed on | Bedlce's Island a star-shaped fort. The foundation for the pedestal of the | Statue of Liberty was placed in a pit | 90 feet square, in the center of the old parade ground of the fort. i | Q. How old is James, the oldest son of President and Mrs, Roosevelt?>—F. M. | | Q What is the earliest card game known?—N. M. A. The earliest recorded card game is a Venetian game, played with the | tarochi cards and named after them. ‘Ancthfi' game popular in the seven- teenth century was ombre. Q. How many children are blinded as a result of Fourth of July celebra- tions?>—B. W. A. The National Society for the Pre- vention of Blindness says that there are now in American schools for the blind some 500 children who have lost their sight as a result of accidents, chiefly through the use of fireworks, air rifles and other weapons. Each year between 750 and 1,000 children suffer accident- al eye injuries, and about 75 of them become totally blind. An extraordi- nary proportion of these accidents oc- cur on the Fourth of July and during the few days preceding and following. Q. Does a dessert spoon hold twice as much as a teaspoon?—M. H. A. It will hold one and one-half times as much. A teaspoon holds 60 drops, a dessert spoon, 90 drops, and a tablespocn, 180 drops. Mitchell Tax Case Verdict Arouses Criticisim of Law Defects in the income tax law, some of which are declared to have been cor- rected by Congress, are emphasized by quittal of Charles E. Mitchell, New York banker, on trial for failure to pay an | income tax. It was charged that losses | sustained through sale of securities to his wife constituted evasion of the law. The public, in the majority of instances, feels that, as one newspaper expresses it, the law itself “should have been in- dicted.” “Mitchell’s defense was not a denial,” | says the Scranton Times, “but that what | he did was within the law, that he was following a common practice.” The | Rochester Times-Union, while holding | that “the action of the jury sets no binding precedent,” declares that “Mr. | Mitchell's acquittal, in view of the special circumstances, tends to indicate | that probably other instances of sales to close relatives or friends, to es- tablish losses and thus write off in- | come taxes, would be found within | the law.” The Lexington Leader feels that “the entire case was handled | with the utmost skill, and it is obvious | that whatever may be said of the ethics | of the transactions involved, Mr.| Mitchell was within the law.” The Hartford Times states that “Mr. Mitchell seems to have been ably defended.” and that “the prosecution was energetic and | expensive, but vain.” i “The easy way would have been to| convict him as a play to the galleries,” suggests the Indianpolis News. “His ac- | quittal is a credit to the system of jus- | tice.” But the Portland Oregon Journal | voices the judgment: “The great bar of | public opinion frequently dissents from ! verdicts by jurors and renders decisions | of its own. And the decision in this great tribunal of last resort will be a| demand for more and more curative legislation by which gentlemen of mil- lion-dollar incomes shall not escape in- | come tax and go free in courts while | some poor soul who steals a loaf of | bread for a starving family is sentenced and stung and strated by the law.” In disagreement with this point of view is the tatement by the Cincinnati Times-Star: “We have erected a great bureaucratic machine for tax collection. Bureaucratic machines are apt to be a tocratic in their attitude toward indi- vidual citizens, and individual citizens, | particularly if they are not accustomed | to that sort of treatment, are apt to ob- ject. It may be that the Mitchell jury, subconsciously perhaps, was expressing | resentment. It may be, also, that the | Government, if it continues to demand an ever-increasing share of the indi-| vidual’s income for its own purposes, and if it becomes more and more autocratic in collecting that share, will find it in- creasingly difficult to get juries to look severely upon defendants in tax cases.” The Fort Worth Star-Telegram advises that “public resentment should be aimed at the law, toward bringing about a cor- rection, and not toward the individual.” “The law is fundamentally and in- defensibly defective,” declares the Nash- ville Banner, a conclusion which is drawn also by the Topeka Daily Capi- tal, the Oakland Tribune and the Buf- falo Evening News. Criticism of “loop- holes” in the law is expressed by the Lowell Evening , _while the Roanoke World-News holds that the case reflects on Congressmen, “who, year after year, have failed to enact a properly drawn income tax statute.” Charlotte Observer advises that next indictment should be m . Altoons Mirror ‘The “the the la that “the and the la ‘World-Herald advises that “the income tax law should be amended so that it can no longer be regarded as a peculiar | the public in the comments on the ac- | sort of net that catches the little fish and allows the big ones to escape.” The Danbury News-Times sees “dissatisfac- tion among the rank and file of the American people, who learn how easy it is for such men to evade taxes which ordinary folks have paid.” The Akron Beacon-Journal contends that the prac- tice “completely discredits the whole income tax system of the country.” On the other hand, the Yakima Daily Re- public asks: “How many of the critics ever have paid taxes not required by the law, or how many ever will?” The Baltimore Sun argues that “the only adequate remedy will consist of a segre- gation of the tax on gains and losses from capital transactions.” “The truth of the matter is,” accord- ing to the Jersey City Journal, “that the tax law is a strange combination of fairness and unfairness. Essentially the income tax idea is fair, but in opera- tion some times the ideal is abused so as not to be recognizable. When the income tax is used to ‘redistribute wealth’ it is grossly unfair. The object of the tax should be to raise money. As a business proposition it should be clear that when there is no income there will be no tax revenue for the Government. There arises the appear- ance of unfairness because the man with large capital can live on his capi- tal for a long time without income, while the man with little or no capital, but a small income from wages or otherwise, feels the hard times sharply; at the same time the capitalist pays no tax, while the wage-earner pays. To remedy this seeming unfairness is not such an easy task.” - Ancient Rules Criticized. From the Toledo Blade. The Toledo Bar Association at its annual meeting heard an appeal for lawyers to help revise and improve court practice. The speaker was Prof. John Tracy of the University of Mich- igan. His criticism was directed against the antiquated rules of evi- dence under which attorneys parry to- day. Due to the fact that most of Tules were evolved 700 years ago, Prof. Tracy reminds the lawyers that most of the technicalities on the intro- duction of evidence are several turies out of date. It is particularly significant when the lawyers themselves point out the absurdities of the ancient legal lore. It is a sign of progress. Those in the profession and outside have been offer- ing their criticisms for a great many years. Reforms in the courts have been of dockets, courts frequently end terms now with all cases disposed of. e was long Many of the medieval rules of evi- dence mean absolutely nothing as far as justice is conc ‘They are ob- e speaker lor court grocedure something of the simple in- formality used in submission of evi- dence to a commission or a board. And after all, why not? Pettife Just Start Something. Prom the Roanoke Times.