Evening Star Newspaper, May 15, 1933, Page 8

" A—8 THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. MONDAY.........May 15, 1833 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St ‘and Pennsylvanis Ave # New York Office: 110 East 42nd St icago Office: Lake Michigan Building. uropean Office: 14 Regent St.. London, Ensland, Rate by Carrier Within e Evening Star e Evening and S (when 4 Sundays Thtt Evening nn(fll Su the City. P 45c per month unday Star ) s €0c per month nday’ Star (when 5 Sundays ....65¢ per month The Sunday Star.... .. . [ . .5c Der eopy Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virgima. 3T.. $10.00; 1 mo.. 88c 5 yri '36.00: 1 mo.. 80c Bunday only r. $4.00; 1mo.. 40c All Other States and Canada. Sund: 1yr.. $12.00: 1 mo., $1.00 B:”\' ;:1‘; ey $8.00: 1mo., Ts5c Bunday only 1yr, $5.00; 1mo. 50c Member of the Associated Press. The Assoctated Press is exclusively entitled o ne use for republication of all news cis- atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ted in this paper and also the local news blished herein. All rights of publication of dispatches herein are aiso reserved. | The Sales Tax Again. President Roosevelt, it is said, has become convinced that a manufactur- ers’ sales tax will be the least burden- some and the most efficient method of raising additional revenue needed to finance the $3,300.000,000 public works | progrem. The details of the proposed tax have not n announced. The exemptions from the tax and the rate are still to be definitely stated. It is reported that an effort will be made fo divest the tax of the “sales tax” name; thal it is to be called & “re- ‘employment tax.” Having decided that the manufacturers’ sales tax is wise, why seek to camouflage it? It is true that the President in the past has op- posed the tax and that many of the Democrats in Congress could not be brought to vote for it. No tax is pop- ular, but some taxes are less burden- | some, more easily levied and surer of | producing governmental income than | Sthers. The sales tex is one of these. It places the burden on those who spend the most. Undoubtedly it will be so drafted—as it was in the revenue bill reported to the House in the last Congress—as not to place burdens on food and cheap clothing. ‘The administration might well have gone to a manufacturers’ excise tax similar to that offered by the Demo- cratic Ways and Means Committee to the House last year in its efforts to| balance the Government budget. By B0 doing the purchasing power of hun- Wreds of thousands of Government workers would not have been so drasti- ©cally reduced and other thousands would not have been forced into the ranks of the unemployed. But that is water over the dam. The important matter today is that the administra- tion has come to the conclusion—pro- wided the reports are correct—that a| manufacturers’ sales tax is a sound method of taxation. No one would advocate levying a tax merely because it was a sound method. No tax should | be levied unless additional revenue for | Government is really needed. The ad-| ministration may be congratulated upon being willing to change its posi- critic and pursuer in the course of legislative investigation of municipal affairs. of which he was chief counsel. With former Mayor McKee and former Gov. Smith eliminated from the equa- tion by their own unqualified declara- tions, and with Representative La Guardia unmistakably handicapped by his Republican affiliation and his pflm" unsuccessful efforts to reach the mayoralty, Judge Seabury would indeed seem to be the best prospect for the fusionists. It may be doubted, however, whether he would be as strong and promising a candidate as either Smith or McKee would have been had they not taken themselves ot cf the citua tion. Against him would undoubte be aligned the McCooey forces Brooklyn, without which a fusionist ticket would have decidedly hard sled- ding. Of his ability, his integrity and his knowledge of metropolitan condi- tions, needs and dangers there is no question. But New York politics runs in lines that do not always coincide with these factors. ———e— The Nazis' New Threat. Week-end developments in Eurupel reveal an anxiety which is fully shared | in Washington, that unexpected perils confront the World Economic Confer- ence which is to open at London on June 12. It is the announcement that Chancellor Hitler will address & spe- cially convened session of the Reichs- tag at Berlin on Wednesday and re- | afirm Germany's demand to re‘rmi that suddenly fills the European situa- tion with uncertainty and alarm. By an ironical coincidence, the proclama- tion of Herr Hitler's purpose synchro- nized last Friday with the joint state- ment issued by President Roosevelt and Dr. Schacht, the head of the German Reichsbank, in which it was set forth that “economic disarmament” at Lon- don must be preceded by military dis- armament at Geneva. If Chancellor Hitler, using his pup- pet parliament at Potsdam as & sound- ing board, thunders to the world, as he is expected to do, that Germany insists upon “arms equality” regard- less of the restrictions now imposed | upon her by the Treaty of Versallles, | indications are ample that all imme- diate prospects of disarmament accord at Geneva vanish into thin air. The Reich government during the past | week has been formally put on notice in both London and Paris that any attempts on Germany's part to make herself more formidable on land and sea and in the air will not be counte- nanced. About the same time these British and Prench warnings were is- sued, the Geneva conference let it be known that Hitler’s private armies of Brown Shirts and Steel Helmets, ag- gregating some 1,600,000 trained men, must be considered, for disarmament purposes, German military effectives— a theory which the Naz dictators angrily resent. Viscount Hailsham, British war secretary, bluntly in- formed the House of Commons that if the Germans proceed to Tearm, the Versailles sanctions would unhesitat- ingly be invoked. These provide for the march of what formerly were Al- lied forces into the Rhine Valley, where they have been before for punitive purpofes. No stretch of the imagination is re- quired to envision the atmosphere into which Europe has been plunged by the newest manifestations of Hitlerism. A| state of affairs already delicate in the | tion on this matter of a sales tax when convinced that it is wise to do so.| Democratic congressional leaders ex- pect that they will be successful in bringing about the passage of the sales| tax law in connection with the public | works and industries bill. Indeed, | months ago they expressed the belief | that if the President would recommend | such a tax for the purpose of balancmgi the budget it could be passed. Last| Winter, however, their suggestion for | such legislation was turned down by | the incoming administration. | The reluctance of the Democratic hational administration to come to a| sales tax for the purposes of needed | yevenue has been all the more remark- | Bble in view of the number of politi- Pally Democratic States that have| Bdopted such a tax. One of the latest | ©f these was New York, which faced | heavy deficit and nexded more venue. — e Gandhi has the sympathy of the world. It is a personal sympathy, however, and will do the cause for | Which he labors no great good. Few | Eympathizers will be so zealous as to | mitate him. Smith Dces Not Chodse to Run. = + Leaving nothing to be imagined ln; Yespect to interpretation, former OBV.; Alfred E. Smith has taken himself oui | of the New York mayoralty race. His, statement, issued yesterday, is complate | and explicit. He says that he is not | & candidate for the mayoralty, that he | will not accept any nomination lorl that or any other office in the approach= ing municipal election, that there is no ‘compulsion or persuasion that can affect his decision, and he adds, as if | the foregoing statement were net suffi- | clently conclusive, that his decision is #final.” Mr. Smith's refusal to participate in the campaign as candidate is cven more explicit than President Coolidge’s famous ten-word declination of a possible sccond presidential nomination | which he sent forth from Rapid City, | South Dakota, August 2, 1927.: “Idonot chocs> to run for President in 1928.” That statzment, though seemingly final, permitted a certain range of interpreta- tive discussion respecting his use of the word “choose.” Events proved that it was Mr. Coolidge's eflcctive, if quaint, way of saying “no” without qualification. This withdrawal by Mr. Smith from the mayoralty race—if he was ever ia it, which may bz doubted—was pre- cipitated by 'his nomination for t office by President Nicholas Murray Butler of Columbia University, who last week declared that the former Governor Wwas the sure hope of the fusionists who seek the ouster of Tammany from the City Hall. Representative La Guaidia had previously proposed him as a icoalition nominee, but his suggestion @d fot bring Mr. Smith to the point of positive declination as did that of Pr. Butler. Immediately upon the issuance of the former Gove: statcment there developed a decided bsom for Somuel Beabury ‘as the fusionict candidate. He WAt London. | been definitely adopted as our irredu- extreme is not relieved by the bellicose | speech delivered in ‘Westphalia llst“ night by Col. von Papen, Hitler's vice chancellor, who talked on Mother's day of the sacred duty of German women to bear sons for the battlefleld. The interest of the United States in Hitler's plans for augmented military and naval power is twofold. Our im- mediate concern is the effect these plans must have upon the European political situation and * the arrange- ments now in the making for insuring a successful outcome from the London Economic Conference. To President Roosevelt current events “over there” must bring a poignant personal sense of disappointment, not to say disgust, for they palpably threaten to under- mine, if not destroy, the work he has | accomplished during the past !mn’E weeks, during his conversations with foreign statesmen at Washington, in | laying the foundations for achievement America’s other concern in Germany's arms aspirations has to do with the up- | setting of the international naval situa- | tion. Should the Reich contrive to| enforce its demand for 2?.000-'011; cruisers, in additicn to the powerful | 10,000-ton “pocket battleships” Ger- many is slready building, France, and | probably Italy, will be certain to re- quire a revision of the inferior ratio of sea power they jointly occupy as against Great Britain. The British| thereupon would not fail to revise their own ratio upward. Then -the United States, on its part, would have to meet the British increase, if Uncle Sam's fleet were to retain that parity with the strongest naval power, which has cible minimum. The Treaty of London | provides for just such contingencies as these in its celebrated ‘escalator” clause. The Nazis will not heighten their pepularity in the world, already at low | ebb, if it is they who make it neces- | sary for the sea powers to pile up fresh and burdensome armaments, | ———r—e—————— A part of the activity contemplated by Government authority appears to be that of removing the “Do Not Disturb” signs from the front doors of a few prominent financial offices. oo The Airmail. | Doubtless the most important social | significance of the development of nrl transport has been that of the air- mail. The fifteenth anniversary of the beginning of that service very properly is an occasion of note. Washington has particular interest in the subject because it was from the Capital to New York via Philadelphia that the first mail flight was made May 15, 1918, and it was a_Washington man, Lieut. James | C. Edgerton. who piloted the plane. The postal possibilties of aviation, naturally, were apparent from the | earliest period of experimentation. A | classic example of the pragmatic value of the dispatch of letters by aerial car- | riers was that of the siege of Parls, in | 1870. when balloons sent up from within distributed throughout the entire world. Obviously, what was useful and me- chanically possible in time of war was just as efficacious and s great déal less dificult in time of peace. All the pione:rs of aercnautics functioned as postmen, and philatelists prize as treasures the covers they carried. ‘With the successful evolution of heavier-than-air machines came a cor- | tim relative ‘expansion of the air post, and, of course, the end is not yet—on the contrary, air transport of mail is still in its infancy. But it must be granted that it is an exceedingly lusty infant. In its first decade and a half mail- bearing planes have been flown 33,- 733,000 miles, carrying 280,000,000 let- ters and approximately 500,000 pas- eengers. Forty-four cities are linked in the present system, and 26,893 miles of routes are represented in the tie-up. By 1948, it may be presumed, these figures will' have reached astronomical extremes. Of courss, the continued prosperity of the service depends upon continued, if not upon increased, public support. The more general recognition of thg: utilitarian worth of the system is| cminently to be desired. It is right| that the Government should aid the transport organizations, but popular | enthusiasm, amply merited, would con- stitute a better subsidy. ——e—. Reforestation will enable a number of men who were broke and dejected to feel almost as if they were on a Summer vacation. They will be en- couraged by the thought that posterity is golng to need trees. ——oe—. There is less expectation that Rus- sia will undertake to organize and discipline than there might be if there were not so much obvious difficulty in organizing and disciplining the Rus- sians. e The Communist as known to the world at present is distinguished by a grotesque egotism which makes him believe he can convince anybody of anything he likes provided he is per- mitted to go on talking long enough. ————— Science continues to explore space and reports a hissing sound mingled in radio static originating from some point in the Milky Way. Perhaps it serves us right. ————e—e. A contest is imminent to decide on the best method of preventing im- mense water power possibilities from figuring in national resources as frozen assets. ——en— Names make history as well as news. The progress of the Japanese is indl- | cated by the fact that it is now the| custom to say Manchukuo instead of | Manchuria. —e—— ‘The race which gave Broker's Tip‘ the decision seemed for awhile to| threaten another sporting event in the way of a lightweight encounter be- tween jockeys. i Some of the gestures of European debtors may, perhaps, be subject to analysis as grandstand plays for the benefit of a fickle and somewhat tem- peramental home audience. —————— One desirable result must be credited | to the farm relief bill, since it per- | suaded the farmers immediately to call off the strike. —_— et Former Gov. Alfred E. Smith im- presses himself as a conscientious and | versatile man who knows how to be'a good talker and also a good listener. caee— A choice may be required between a flexible tariff and an inflexible interna- | tional grouch. e SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Detraction. 5 It's useless to set out to please ‘The universal throng. Though plaudits are attained with ease, Some censure goes along. Although some work is finely done, We'll hear in accents grim The words of some disgruntled one— “I don’t think much of him.” The favorite author of the day Evokes & eritic's ire. The actor, struggle as he may, Finds folks who won't admire. Even the bridegroom who draws near, So tremulous, though trim, Whispers on either hand will hear, “I don’t think much of him.” No Time to Cavil “When you have a purpose in mind, do you wait to explain every detail to your constituents?” “No,” answered Senator Sorghum., “I try to work so fast that they won't have time to understand enough about it to attempt any intelligent objection.” Jud Tunkins says the nearest he ever came to getting the best of an argument was to rest his mind by changing the subject now and then. Useless Contention. Oh, let us quit the boisterous row Upon this earth below. We've got to live in it somehow. ‘There's no place else to go. Home Life. “You attend many bridge games and lectures.” “I enjoy them,” admitted Miss Cay- enne. “Don’t you think a woman's place is in the home?” “Yes, but not necessarily her own home.” “Econcemy is good,” said Hi Ho, the sage of Chinatown. “But it is not well to fear dire necessity so much as to live in perpetual imitation of it.” Speculative Fiction. The farmer works with purpose grim And envies fortunes lost or made By those who put a bet on him On the Chicago Board of Trade. And it has puzzled him to find That in brief trading there appears "More grain than all the farms combincd Could yleld in half a dozen ycars. “A man uses a telescope to look for troubles,” ‘said Uncle Ebzn, “an’ dcn the beleaguered city bore thousands of a’ Democrat, never affiliated with m, and quite definitely its politics as he has- its messages over the heads of the enemy turns de machine de wrong way around | petals too quickly. to make de blessin's he's epjoyin’ seem Emalles” B THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. What of the garden? Recent gloomy days found it growin, just the same as ever in the Spring- e. Iris blossoms unfolded their purple silk; peony shoots continued to length- en, buds to grow larger; grass grew greener in every lawn. It was a dark Spring, during those days, but the true season, nevertheless. ‘Wistaria had come and gone, espe- clally those vines which flurg high into tops- of trees their plumes of colored flowers. Continued rains did not harm them as much as might have been expected by timid gardeners. * ok x Timidity, in gardening, is no more to be recommended than in life, where it _exerts a depressing influence which seldoms results in good. The timid gardener often is helped by finding that many of the things he fears do not come to pass, or at least not in the luxuriance which his imagi- nation pictured. ‘Who is there who has not stood by the window, during 2 heavy shower, and deplored the possible destruction by it | of some of the garden's choicest blooms? Usually such a timid gardener has one particular flower, at any one time, which he fancies above z2ll the others. And past experience never seems to teach him anything here. He is as fearful, at each heavy rain, that his pete are going to be harmed as he was | the year before, or the year before that. * ok ox % Experience is a great teacher, time also, but they somehow fall down when it comes to the typical amateur garden- er of the timid variety. He winces every time a heavy rain begins to pour down, as he watches the | wind wave his precicus stalks this way | and that. | If the wind would not blow, he could stand the rain with equanimity, for he knows (and this from experience) the healthy need for water in the garden. Seldom is there too much of it in| the cultivated garden, no matter how | much the larger crops may suffer. The aims and purposes of the home garden, especially that devoted principally to the cult of beauty, are different from those of the truck pateh and the farm. ‘Too much water may harm early food crops, but scarcely the flowering things in the home garden, although at times, under an excess, they may ap- pear to be harmed. * x ok % The happy fact is that they seldom are | just as the encouraging thimg is that | even the timid gardener finds that | the heaviest rain seldom does any real | harm to his daintlest blossoms. | Nature takes care of all that. She did not devise the strange beau- | ties of petals to go the way of all Rain in the face— | ‘That, too, is Nature, and part of her. | Her real children, those things, even | the animals, which grow without knowl- | edge of themselves, seldom suffer from | rain or wind. | Even the hailstones, cutting like knives, do surprisingly little damage, over the seasons. Flowers have an ability all their own of cringing beneath the blast, giving somewhat to each wind, or rush of water, so that the full force is never felt as it would be if the stalk, stems, leaves and fiowers were rigid. * ¥ ¥ ¥ 1 More damage is done to seeds and seedlings than to grown plants. It is always a question, in the latitude of the National Cspital, whether one gains anything by seeds into the ground at the first available op- portunity. Yet it is such a temptation. Along in April usually come bright, warm days, which seem to beckon the home gardener outdoors, especially with packets of seeds in his hand. Nothing is more inert, in this world, than a flower sced in a packet. It seems more worthless than a phonograph record on a shelf. ‘The temptation to plant as early as possible is one which the amateur wrestles with every Spring, and here again expenemie :m‘n gmnu for little. Yes, one is fully aware-that a very heavy rain, a few days after planting, may wash out every single seed. But maybe it will not rain this year! One recalls, rather dismally, how a packet of California wild flower seed ; had been planted on a slope, and how one of the heaviest rains on record had washed out and away every particle of seed. One recalls zinnia seedlings which turned yellow from too much water, combined with too cold weather, sev- eral years ago. One desires to get busy however, and one does. * ok ok Then, just after everything seems to be getting off tp a grand start, along comes a spell of rainy, clammy weather, which results in more or less general destruction. It is extremely difficult, when the first warm days arrive, to resist the lure to do some real intensive garden work, but expericnce in these parts surely proves that April is too early. Even May may be too early for real planting results, if you are a timid gardener. * o % And there is the lawn, too. How straggly it grows, in a long continued rainy spell! Here is where the lazy gardener rues his laziness, because if he had got out with the mower when he should, there would be nothing to do now. As it is, the grass is so long that it is going to be difficult to push the mower through it. One given to moralizing might think that this is the way it always is, that things put off are not just put off. When one puts them off, one piles them up. * x % x To cut a lawn during a rain, or even during a rainy spell, is not quite as charming as some seem to think. We refer to these queer folk who invari- ably get out the mower after a shower, not_before it. This seems to be a habit with some: perhaps they read somewhere that the resulting clippings would not wither and cause the lawn to look faded. Whatever the reason may be, those addicted to this habit love to wait until aiterward. If the lawn mower is brand-new, then 50 much the better. There is nothing a person of this type loves more than to escort a shiny mow- er tarough nice wet grass, so that the blades will at once start to take on an accumulation of rust. He has another neat trick to play on &N unsuspecting mower. He leaves it out in the yard, especially if there appears to be any chance what- ever of rainfall during the night. ‘This treatment is guaranteed to make a man out of any lawn mower, he s WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. Members of the so-called Roosevelt ! “brain trust” say there is no such | thing. The scholarly gentlemen pop- ularly supposed to comprise it are a little resentful of the extent to which the alleged myth has taken root in the public mind. What seems mainly to be objected to is the theory that the President has a private coterie of professcr-advisers accustomed to as- semble in more or less secret sessions whereat, amid an atmosphere of pro- fundity and mystery, the great prob- lems of state are pondered and miracu- lously solved. One of the shining lights | of the camstellation ccmmonly called the “brain trust” assures this observer that the country has got Mr. Roose. belt's professors all wrong. They never pool their minds en bloc. They seldom mezt one ancther, and. when they do, it's usually by accident. The intellectual luminary, just quoted—he is partic- ularly near the throne—isn't sure that he's even read the farm bill. Moley and Feis at the State Department, Tugwell and Ezekiel at the Department of Agricuiture, Berle at the R. F. C,, Warburg and Taussig at the Treasury, Dickinson at the Department of Com- merce, and Goldenweiser at the Fed- eral Reserve Board—each and all of these experts have been assigned their jobs, it is declared for special and specific purposes. Thev have no man- date, jointly cr severally, to run or to save the country. x kK ok President Roosevelt's assignment of 169 Navy doctors to the reforestation camps may spring from a conversation he had the other day with Cardinal George William Mundelein of Chicago. While paying respects at the White Houce, his eminence told the President t] he was sure thousands of Roman Catholic boys would be taking to the woods, and the cardinal expressed the hepe that the Government's program included adequate arrangements for looking after the young men's health. | Cardinal Mundelein emphasized the need of physiclans and dentists. F. D. R. smilingly replied that the| Army and Navy had hundreds of medics of all kinds that they didn't know what to do with, whereupon he assured the cardinal that the mtteri Jjust mentioned would receive prompt attention. * k x % It will look like a family reunion of the McNary-Haugen old guard when the administrators of tHe farm relief bill assemble for action. George N. Peek, Moline, Ill., plow manufacturer; who will be Secretary Wallace'’s chief of staffl in carrying out the fabulous project, was the spearhead of the Mc- Nary-Haugen equalization fee scheme throughout the years it held the boards on Capitol Hill. Mr. Peek's colleagues in executing the new farm-deal are also veterans of the McNary-Haugen war— Chester Davis and Charles J. Brand. Davis for years has been a power in Montana agricultural affairs. Brand left the Department of Agriculture in 1920 to manage successively the Amer- ican Frult Growers’ Association and the National Fertilizer Association. Just before sailing for Denmark last week, Ruth Bryan Owen announced that one of her assistants at the Amer- ican legation in Copenhagen is to be Helen Lee Doherty, heiress to the Henry L. Doherty Cities Service fortune. Miss Doherty, whose gala debut was a society sensation in Washington a couple of years ago, accompanied our first woman diplomat across the Atlantic. She is the adopted daughter of the oil mag- nate, described as a graduate of the University of Madrid, and says her education was planned by her parents with a view to her entering the for- eign service. The young lady speaks French, and German and told New York ship reporters that her ap- pointment to Copenhagen under Mrs. Owen “is the satisfaction of an ambi- tion nurtured since their friendship * X % % Visitors to the Senate gallery almost always inquire nowadays who the gen- tleman is on the back row of the Dem- ocratic side, who never wears a vest and exhibits a correspondingly wide ex- panse of white shirt front. He is Sen- ator “Nath” Bachman of Tennessee, &p- Ppointed - in March. to. ll- the-unezpired | the term of Secretary of State Cordell Hull. Senator Bachman's vestlessness is said by those who know to be a proof that he is an_old-fashioned Southern or Western Democrat. Another of his habits is the constant wearing of a tan sombrero. Mr. Bachman still gets a kick out of the rejoinder his father, one of the leading Presbyterian ministers of Dixie. once made to a busybody who wondered if the reverend parent didn't worry a Ict about his son’s exposure to the temptations of the rising gener- ation. “Oh,” said Dr. Bachman, “give the boy a chance. He's young yet.” x % % & Louis Brownlow, a District of Colum- bia administration, is a visitor to Wash- ington. He's now at the head of the “Clearing House for Public Administra tion” at the University of Chicago. Brownlow tells a timely story of a round-table conference on gold held not long ago at the big college on the Mid- way endowed by John D. Rockefeller. The university authorities thought they were inviting as leader of the round table a celebrated Yale economist, who is one of the country’s foremost author- ities on gold. There turned up at Chi- cago insiead a man by the same name from South Dakota, who was serving his first term in the State Legislature. He hadn't thought it strange that the round table wanted to hear from a fel- low hailing from the Black Hills coun- try, wherein is the biggest gold mine in world—the famous Homestake, shares of which recently soared to 200. The Dakotan led the conference with astonishing skill. “He wasn't 50 hot on the scientific_economics of gold.” ac- cording to Brownlow, “but hell on everything connected with gold produc- tion,” and the Yale scholar wasn't misged, after all. % Speaker Rainey is thoroughly air- minded. During the past week he kept a mid-day speaking engagement in New York, flew to Columbus in time for a dinner speech the same evening, and planned to fly back to Washington late at night in time to preside over the House next morning and address the Advertising Agencies’ banquet at 8 p.m. All went according to schedule until he was about to take off at Columbus air- port for the nocturnal flight to Wash- ington. Then bad weather conditions intervened. Next morning the Speaker proceeded to Pittsburgh by train and from there, through Station KDKA, broadcast his address to the Advertisers in Washington. * X o % Washington will shortly lose one of its accomplished foreign diplomats, Simeon Radeff, who has been the Min- ister of Bulgaria during the past eight years. His country henceforward plans to maintain only a charge d'affaires here. Mr. Radeff will return to Sofla, to become minister of the department of special missions. He was one of Bul- garia’s foremost journalists before em- barking upon the diplomatic career. (Copyright, 1933.) Justice Pinching Pennies. From the Boston Evening Transcript. Attorney General Cummings, says his department will save $8,000,000 next year, and disgruntled employes may bz expected to declare that Justice become penurious as well as blind. o Esthetic Crime. From the Chicazo Daily News. Judging from the many thefts of valu- abie paintings reported recently, the craft of burglary must be developing artistic taste. has Interstate Traffic. From the Roanoke Times. Bristol, Va.-Tenn., is now giving daily lessons in reciprocity. Virginians go across the street for their beer and Tennesseeans return the compliment by | job. coming over to our side for non-State taxed cigarcttes. Substitute. From the Boston Evenins Transcript. Fresh evidence that the world moves is to be found in the tion of Commissioner during the Wilson | ‘The manufacturers’ sales tax, excise tax, or “re-employment” tax, call it what you will, is to be tried out by the Fed- eral Government according to adminis. tration now revealed. Of course, the Federal Government has levied sales taxes for years uj individual indus- tries, taxes wi have been budded excise taxes. administration in order to ahead with its plans for a huge public works program, estimated pelled to raise more revenue or to start the printing presses to produce money, greenbacks, to pay for these public works. It has wisely chosen the lesser of the two evils and has chosen taxa- tion. If the Government began turning out millions of paper dollars to pay off its obligation, the administration's promise of “sound money” would be found a mere u‘n: o‘l p:per. indeed. * The sales tax has been a political issue in the past. The politicians have been convinced that such a tax was un- popular. They might also have real- ized that any kind of tax is unpopu- Jar, and perhaps they were. But the sales tax was given & bad name in po- litical circles. Yet the tax will fall upon these who spend the most money, not upon those who spend the least. The sales tax ruined the political ca- reer, at least temporarily, of one of the ‘ablest Democratic members of the House in the last Congress, former Representative Charles Crisp of Geor- . _Mr. Crisp as acting chairman of the Democratic Ways and Means Com- mittee had the temerity to approve and to bring into the House a manu- facturers’ sales or excise tax in the revenue bill designed to help balance the Government's budget. He was con- | vinced that his iind of tax was both | effective and fair. The Democratic re- | volt against the tat bill in the House |ic a matter of history. Mr. Crisp, | who aspired to election’ to the Senate |to fill a vacancy caused by the death | | of the late Senator Harris of Geo | was defeated by Senator Russell, then Governor of the State. Mr. cn':g: advocacy of the manufacturers’ tax was under attack. : * % % % If President Roosevelt recommends s general sales tax or excise tax on manu- facturers to raise the $220,000,000 needed to finance the public works pro- gram, it 1s likely to cause some un- comfortable sensations in that part of the congressional anatomy where the political nerves are located. However, the Democratic leaders insist that what the President recommends for the pub- lic works program will go through. His progressive supporters in the Senate, who have been strongly opposed to any kind of a sales tax in the past, may | have to revise their ideas or else to| break away. Since it is to be tied up with a pet plan of the progressives— the public works program—they m some of them, swallow the sales tax. * x o ox | Speaking of “excise” or sales taxes. | the Federal Government has ihrough the enactment and operation of the' new law permitting the manufacture | and sale of 3.2 per cent beer started | a tide of revenue rolling into the Treas- | ury which will help to balance the budget. If the eighteenth amendment | is finally repealed and it again becomes‘ legal in many of the States to manu- facture other alcoholic beverages, in-‘ cluding whisky and gin. the revenue | of the Federal Government is due for | still greater increases. Jouett Shouse, | president of the Association Against the Prohibition Amendment, npenm.“ today at New Haven, had this to say about the revenue possibilities under | repeal of national prohibition: “Repeal of the eighteenth amendment means the restoration of sources of na- | tional revenue that may easily aggre- gate a billion dollars a year. It does not mean additional money taken from the pockets of the American people. | | It means simply the converting into | legitimate channels of a business which | has been conducted on a gigantic scale | by the underworld and th2 revenues | from which have been used to foster racketecring and crime of every charac- ter. Morecver, if repeal is accomplished now it will recull in this rectoraticn at a time when cur Federc! Treasury is in ! nead of additional revenue s at prac- | tically no other time in our modern | history.” * Kok x The Glass bank reform bill, carrying its proposal for the insurance of bank | <eposits, will be reported to the Senate | today by Senator Carter Glass of Vir- g.nia. The measure has stepped up, | | but there etill remains a doubt as to | whether it is to be sidetracked becauss of faflure of the administration to get back of it. Indeed. there are some of | the Democratic leaders who express the | | belief that the measure may have to| go over until next Winter and the | January session of the Congress. One | thing seems certain. The opponents of the measure—many of them powerful— | are not likely to acquiesce in the pas- | sage of the new Glass bill without a struggle. In the last Congress, when the bank reform hill was brought for- | ward by the Senate Banking and Cur- | rency Committee, the opposition cen- | tered on the provision permitting State- | wide branch banking. The opponents did not come forward openly to strike at the provision of the bill disassociating | national banks from their “affiliates” which do business in stocks and bonds | and other commodities. But the | branch-banking feature was used to| stir supporters of State banks and small | community banks in opposition to the | measure. Finally & compromise was | written into the bill which authorized branch banking in States whose laws permitted State-wide branch banking for State banks. And that compromise is carried in the present Glass bill. ¥ ey ‘The new point of attack is likely to be provision in the Glass bill for the insurance of bank deposits. This plan, which has been carefully worked out and is supported by Scnator Bulkley of ©Ohio, Democrat, regarded as both sound and conservative in his views of busi- ness, is to be the target of the oppo- sition. It presents to them a new talk- ing point. They are saying that several of the States have tried insurance or guarantee of bank deposits in the past and that their efforts have been dismal failures. From this they argue that the Glass insurance of deposits plan is unsound and unworkab’e. They con- tend that it will place a premium on bad banking. Well, without such a pro- vision, the banks of the country, gen- erally’ speaking, haven't made a record during recent years that is calculated 1o inspire great confidence of the public in those institutions. * K % % The guarantee of deposits feature of the Glass bill has many ardent sup- porters on Capitol Hill, although it has been attacked in administration circles. The supporters insist that nothing is more essential to recovery in this coun- try than restored confidence ,in the banks. ~Such confidence, they hold, would be inspired by the insurance of bank deposits as recommended in the Gless bill. Furthermore, they answer the charge that insurance of deposits would put a premium on bad banking with the assertion that the member banks, having an interest in the suc- cess of the system, since they would have to pay for the losses in large part through the insurance corporation to be set up, would see to it that the banking methnd.s*wen*:ood. * * % Alfred E. Smith has made a clear to permit himself to be nominated for mayor of New York City. There are a lot of New Yorkers who would like to see the former Governor tackle that . They believe that he would give the city a splendid administration, and that under his leadership many of the ills of the present system in New York would be eliminated. With Mr. Smith out of the pisture, the task of Tam- | Ball wrote the music. It was many to elect a mayor seems much zuanr, Efforts at fusion in the to defeat Tammany have 10 the DaM-a% Smes —hus - ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. to cost $3,300,000,000, finds itself com- | post Information Bureau, Frederic J. kin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. Will a man of 25 be permitted to enlist in the reforestation project? What part of his pay must be sent home?—G. G. E. A. The ages of 18 to 25, inclusive. Enlistment i for six months. Twenty dollars of the thirty received must be sent home. Q. When will the programs of the War Memorial Carillon at Richmond, Va., be heard?—V. P. A. No programs have been arranged at the present time. A great deal of landscaping work has been going on in and about the grounds of the Carillon and it has been felt that it was hardly ST ;m 31“5: I.Cfln( : X': Addlflce programs for pring. n to this, general conditions have made it impossible to finance a series of con- certs by one of the outstanding caril- loneurs of the country, which it is hoped to do at regular intervals later on. Q. Please give the names of the brothers and sisters of Vice President Garner—H. P. D. A. His brothers are Jesse and Jolly. His sisters are Mrs. Maud Blair and Mrs. John Wright. Q. What are officinal plants?’—G. M. A They are medicinal plants which are included in the pharmacopoeias of different countries, and are therefore sold by apothecaries and druggists. Q. Why did John D. Rockefeller, jr., withdraw his support from the Anti- Saloon League?’—W. R. P. A. The reason as stated in the press was that he believed tha.” the present system of prohibition had proved im- practicable. Q Where is the Island of Marken? —M. E. R. A 1t'is & small island in the Zulder Zee, large interior sea of The | Netherlands, at the southeast end in southwest Polder or reclaimed portion in the Province of Noordholland and not far north of the city of Amster- Q. Did James Walker, former Mayor of New York, write the words and music to “Will You Love Me in December as You Do in Ma; . M. P, A. He wrote the words and Ernest blished in 1906. e Q. When will the English Derby be run?—H. M. W. A. On May 31. Q. What European country imports the most sugar?—O. G. Y e A. England. ‘The consumption of sugar in the little country of Switzer- land is very high and this country ranks second in Europe as a sugar importer. Q What is an ivory nut>—R. 8. G. A. Ivory mat is the nutlike seed of a South Ameriean palm, Phytelephas ma- crocarpa. It is as large as a hen’s egg and contains a very hard endosperm which, under the name vegetable ivory, is used for turning and carving, as for buttons. The name is also applied to the same seed of the palm Coelococcus amicarum, native to the Caroline Is- Q Is Capt. Roberi Dolar living?— ‘A Capt. Dollar, shipping magnat died May 16, 1935, at the age ot 88 " Q. How many pecple live near enough Chicago to attend the fair by a night's train ride?—S. H. - A. It is estimated that 50,000,000 people are within a night's ride of Chicago. Q. How many successive years did Ty Cobb lead the American League in bat- ting?—J. F. A. Nine. He was batting champion of the league from 1907 to 1919, inclu- sive, with the exception of 1916, when Tris Speaker headed the league. % A. Cigars weighing not more than three pounds per thousand, 75 cents per thousand. Weighing more than | three pounds per thousand, if retailing | at not more than 5 cents each, $2 per thousand; if retailing at more than 5 cents each and not more than 8 cents each, $3 per thousand: if retailing at more than 8 cents each and not more than 15 cents each, $5 per thousand; if retailing at more than 15 cents each and not more than 20 cents each, $1050 per thousand; if retailing at more than 20 cents each, $13.50 per thousand. Q. In proceeding down the church aisle, does the bride take her father's left arm or his right arm?>—C. W. A. She takes her father’s right arm. ‘The bridegroom, waiting at the alitar, is thus at her right as they face the clergyman. Q. In what Southern city did Wood- row Wilson spend a vacation or two while he was President?—E. L. T. A. He went to Pass Christian, on the Gulf of Mexico, in Mississippi. Q. Where is the Barbary Coast?— P. M. A. Barbary is a name applied to an extensive region in North Africa com- prising the Mohammedan countries ex- cluding Egypt, which are peopled by the race known as the Berbers. These are Morocco, Algeria, Tunis, Tripoli, |the Fezzan and Barca. This Barbary | Coast includes only four European-con- trolled countries along the Mediterra- | nean from Morocco to Tripoli. | Q When did the great tide of im- | migration to this country set in?—E. T. | A. Up to 1346 the total number of | immigrants in 70 years was about 1.- ,000. In 1847, a potato famine in | Ireland brought an enormous influx of | Irish, and soon & heavy German im- { migration set in. In seven years the total was higher than for the preceding 70. With a few lulis, immigration | steadily increased to its peak in 1907, when 1,285,000 foreigners arrived. Q. What kinds of trees are most ‘;‘;un;eroux in the forests of Alaska?— A. They are composed of approxi- mately 73 per cent western hemlock, | 20 per cent Sitka spruce, 3 per cent | each of red and Alaska cedar, and a ‘Xew scattered less important species. Q. When was the first Chamber of Co';nnéercé formed in the United States? | A. The first institution of the kind in the United States was the New | York Ciamber of Commerce organized {in 1768, and incorporated by royal charter from King George III in 1770. How is the tax on cigars reckoned? B. Obstacles to Farm Strikes Believed Hard to Overcome Farm strike measures are found by the public to face obstacles that are very difficult to overcome. In addition to the failure of such efforts to accom= plish permanent results when under- taken several months ago, there is the national conviction that the Govern- ment has done everything in its power to improve conditions, while it is point~ ed out that farmers, on the whole, are individualists, and that stopping of dis- tribution is both difficult to accomplish and a hardship to all persons, includ- g the friends of agriculture. “Whether one likes it or not,” in the opinion of the Boise Idaho Statesman, “it must be admitted that the farmers have no organization which will enable them to stop the flow of produce from farm to market and only a small pro- portion of the Nation's farmers would ever join such a movement. portion which would join, under any circumstances, would be so small that it would have no appreciable effect on general prices. In the second place, Congress is almost literally ‘breaking its neck’ to extend help for the farmer and agitation and drastic action on the part of farm groups are not going to help.” The Lincoln State Journal points out that “the Farmers' Holiday Association must have failed to realize that prosperity is on the way and that a farm relief bill. designed to cure the Nation's agricultural ills, is offered.” That paper emphasizes the fact that “nothing was accomplished by the last strike.” The Lowell Evening Leader agrees that “the new admihistration is going to an unprecedented limit in its efforts to ald agriculture,” and the | Milwaukee Sentinel is convinced that “it is wise to wait until the efficacy of the plans under way can be deter- mined.” “Significance of such demonstrations, even though poorly organized, badly di- rected, and with objectives futile or superficial,” is emphasized by the St. Joseph Gazette, with the suggestion that “many a powerful social move- ment had & beginning no more auspi- cious.” The Gazette offers the conclu- slon as to the prospects of the enter- prise: “It is to raise the price of com- modities until the cost of production is covered. Obviously, this is a desirable objective, but it seems hard to believe it can be attained. Even if farm com- modities could be withheld from mar- kets in sufficlently large quantities to in- fluence prices, which is extremely doubt- ful. the effect would not be permanent, for as soon as the dammed up supplies were released the resultant congestion again would depress prices. And in the case of perishable products, the pro- ducer would suffer complete loss.” “There is little danger,” thinks the Charleston (8. C.) Evening Post, “of & national farm strike, national farm holiday or any ather such device. The Southern cotton farmer knows only too well the impossibility of getting con- certed action among farmers on an course. Most farmers are individualists, made so by the lives they lead. They might "eexaen ';n&u:flb‘e’ to ll;;d'fll theories resen 'm by glib-tongued po- itical leaders and still insist on doing their own business in their own way on their own farms. A few shouting men in a quiet countryside make a great noise, but even in the Middle West it will be found that the average {farmer gives lip-service only to radical- ism and in his real attitude toward his individual affairs yields to no Wall Streeter in conservatism and capital- he so|movement to increase the and flat statement that he is not going | desires. Pl ‘Th fundamental principles that must be understood and respected. They con- rarely. / The tPeflmmenm of the politi- cal organization known as Tammany, and |its allies in the various boroughs of the city, has been too much for the reformers. When #n aroused public has smashed the Tammany Tiger, it come AOEDORDOT (ot ai o The pro- | | stitute one of the foundation stones of ‘l)ur Nation. One farmer cannot force | another to visit the markets. Neither | can he prevent another from doing so. | Last Fall some nasty incidentsy de- | velop through an attempt to prohibit | marketing. Highways were actually blockaded. ~As free people, we should not allow that to happen again.” “It would hurt the city dweller, who is interested in the farmer's plight and ous to help him,” says the Eureka (Calif.) Humboldt Times, while the Rutland Herald advises that “the worst thing that could happen is the loss of a market,” and the Columbia (S. C) State feels that “it is difficult to keep supplies from consumers.” The Roch- ester Times-Union agrees to this point, while adding that there is “danger of an outright break between the farm population and the rest of the country.” Referring to last year's strike, the Okla- homa City Times recalls that, “even in Iowa, less than one-fourth of the farm- | ers were in sympathy with the move- | ment,” and the Youngstown Vindicator | records that “the Ohio Grange and | the Ohio Farm Bureau Federation have gone on record against a ‘strike.’ " | Greater importance attaches to Gov- |ernment relief, as viewed by the Lex- | ington Leader, the Dayton Daily News {and the Buffalo Evening News. The | Chicago Daily News refers to strike ef- | forts as “reckless folly,” and the Omaha | World-Herald concludes: “This is a | day for cool heads, for steady nerves, for sane thinking, for sound patriotism, on the farms and in the cities alike. It is a time to hold up the brave hands that are fighting valiantly and success- fully for recovery, for the relief of all of us, rather than to strike them down and make our hard lot harder still. It is a time especially to support the heroic President of the United States who has taken upon himself a burden of responsibility greater than any man in history has borne, and who is dis- charging that responsibility with single- minded devotion to all the people. And it is equally a time for us, the people, who are all in the same storm-tossed boat together, to work hard, in friend- ship rather than in hatred, in mutual co-operation, to pull that boat to shore.” Should Help Anthracite. From the Scranton Times. ‘When President Roosevelt and Prime Minister Bennett of Canada get to- gether, which they did last week, to talk over conditions as they affect not only the world but in particular this country and the Dominion, our inter- est here in the anthracite region is quickened. Following the conference it was announced: “We have agreed to Legin a search for means to increase the exchange of commodities between our two countries.” Anthracite was over many years one of the chief imports from this country into Canada. The Dominion was about the third largest market for our coal In recent years the demand has not been so great in Canada for Penn- sylvala anthracite. There are definite reasons for this—the high price and the resentment over the tariff which ‘was coupled with a call on Canadians to “Buy British.” When our Government boosted the tariff on Canadian gooas Canada hit back by shooting up the tariff on American goods being sent into the Dominion. This included antnracie, helping to give Welsh coal an edge on price. We still sell a considerable quantity of anthracite in Canada, but not as much as we should, so that any exchange of commodities between Canada and the United States should as a matter of course help the anthracite region. Generally speaking, Canada has been the best market for American goods even in spitc of the high tariff. We believe that this continues to be true. ‘There is every reason in the world why there should be reciprocity between the Dominfon and this country. Incident- ally, we might mention that our tariff wall f¢ 8 number of American manufacturers to build plants in Cane L“ Iose the valyable ada 80 s not to that.