Evening Star Newspaper, May 8, 1933, Page 8

A-8 {THE EVENING STAR ___With Sunday Morning Edition. ., WABHINGTON, D. G MONDAY...........May 8, 1038 THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor ¥he Evening Star Newspaper Company 'mn 8t. and Pennsylvania Ave. ew k Offce: mhn Gnd & Y Ses Tal Fio Buudise. o Carrier Within the City. 48¢ per month Sc per copy mac id 'Gf Chch montn: Qrders mag be sent 1o by mall or telephone Ational 5000. te Mail—Payable in Advance. i bfilryhnd and Virginia. ..1yr.$10.00: 1 mo.. 85¢ s on Sundas.:- 3 3r 46,00 1mo. 80 ndss only 135 $4.00: 1 mo. 40c All Other States and Canada. afly snd Sunday. E:‘:ly only ... day only . Member of the Associated Press. The Associated Press i3 exclusively entitled f all news dis- o .ae use for republication of bews dlf 25 credited to it or not otherw! P fhis paper and also the- local news published herein. Al rights of publication of Special dispatches herein are aiso reserved. — Confidence-Inspiring Reassurances. The President, in his second account- ing to the people of his stewardship, delivered last night over the radio to millions of listeners, has undertaken to dispel doubts regarding currency infla- tion and so-called “dictatorship” grow- prompt disclosure of the led to the complete clear- ing of the case. The trial should be speedy. ‘The marked difference between this case and that of the stealing and slay- ing of the Lindbergh child is in all minds. Oomparisons between the pro- cedures are inevitable, but are of no especial moment unless they may lead to the determination of the most ef- fective means of dealing with this abom- inable crime. Yet it may be that there was no possibility of the recovery of the child in the Lindbergh case, that the victim of the kidnapers’ enterprise in that instance was slain—or possibly died frcm accident—immedictely after the stealing. Nevertheiess, the fact re- mains that nobody has been taken for that crime and there is no present pros- pect of the identification of the wretches and their punishment. The swift conviction and imprison- ment of the kidrapers in the McMath case should have a deterrent effect, and the process of stiffening the penalties prescribed by law for kidnaping which began with the Lindbergh case, and sfter a shcrt period of legisiative activ- 1ty in the States lagged, should be car- ried on to the point of the writing of a Nation-wide code putting this crime in the same category with murd:r. There should be no areas in the United States within which kidnaping can be under- taken without the risk of meetihg the fullest possible penalties. ———————_ Silence on the Debts. When Europe tuned ocut President and® whose circumstances ing out of the wide powers granted him by Congress. The President's state- | ment was both clear and reassuring. Furthermore, it carried to the pecplel, s note of hope, although he !nnl(ly:‘ warned them that the Nation cuuld'no!“ ride back to prosperity, except for a| day, on a wave of mere speculation; that recovery must be based on more substantial stuff, on rise in commodity prices, more production and increased es. “'lghe country has awaited with inter- | est and some anxiety a statement trom‘ the administration regarding the pro-; posed inflation of the currency. nnce“ President Roosevelt placed himsclf back | of the Thomas amendment to the farm | bill, which provides several alternatives for cxpansion of the currency. Mr.| Rocsevelt told the country last night | that there was not the slightest \n(en-‘: tion on the part of the ndmxm.strauon‘ to permit a runaway infiation of L‘:le; dollar; that the powers granted him| would be used only “when, as and if| mecessary.” His alm he clearly set forth, saying: The administration has the definite objective of raising commodity prices to such an extent that those 'who have ‘borrowed money will, on the average,| be able to repay that money in the| same kind of dollar which they bor-| rowed. We do not seck to let them | t such a cheap dollar that they will| g able to pay back a great deal less than they borrowed. In other word: we seek to correct a wrong-and not to| oreate ancther wrong in the opposite direction. | The mere fact that power is in mm'l1 %0 accomplish an end not infrequently | brings about that end without the u.se‘ of the power itself. The fact that the | President has been given wide powers | to increase the credit structure, to in- Sate the currency and to decrease the value of the dollar, is already operat- | Ing toward the end desired, although the law has not yet been finally written on the statute books. To the people she President has explained in clear terms the reasons why this counlryl has abandoned, for the present at least, peyments ingoid. He has mdlcned} there is no desire to draw away from gold as a standard for money, and that silver may be, to a partial extent, llso;’ ® good base for currency. It is in| respect to the President’s exercise of | his far reaching power to depreciate | the value of the dollar by cutting out| s large fraction of its gold content, or| by utilizing some other of the inflation | alternatives given to him, that there still remains a distressing element of | snxiety mingled with the hope and confidence which as a whole the Presi- dent's bold program inspires. There will be” many of the ‘“sound money” men, Democrats and Republicans, who once reflected the vastly predominating | thought of the Nation,'who will pray that the vital purposes of the Presi- dent’s plan may be accomplished with only a minimum of resort to the power of dollar debasement which the Presi- dent promises to use only “when, as snd if necessary.” Answering the charge that the ad- ministration is being given dictatorial powers over agriculture, industry, trans- portation and other activities, the President insisted that there had been & deplorable lack of planning in in- dustry and agriculture so as to keep production within the limits of con- sumption. Under the program of the administration, he said, it is now pro- posed to have tie Government plan with the industrialist and the agricul- turalist, and, having come to reasonable plans, to have the Government see that those plans are carried out. The Pres- ident called these activities a “partner- ship” of Government with industry, with the Government leaving the profits to industry and to labor. The President said that well con- sidered and conservative measures will be proposed to give the industrial ‘workers of the country a fairer wage return and to put an end to cut-throat and unfair competition. If he can ac- complish these ends, the economic sit- ustion is lkely to cure itself very Jargely. It is in their failure in the past that production has outstripped distribution and consumption. e Victory for the Law. ' The McMath kidnaping has ended with complete victory for the law. The child has been rescued without harm, the money paid to the kidnapers has been recovered in full and the men who stole her have been taken. This is s0 unusual an outcome that the Nation Tejoices. > The two brothers who conceived and executed the plot, now in custody and confessing their guilt, will be promptly tried for the crime. Under the law of the State of Massachusetts, which slone is operative, they may be sent to prison for twenty-five years. The father of the child expresses the hope that the chief figure in the ent:rprise, the younger brother, will bs given the limit of the law, with clemency for wheee services in the busi- mfihhnmnMMthmmcMnm Rocsevelt's radio talk last night, it must | have contemplated what he said—or rather did not s ‘with mixed emo- tions. Toward the close of his clear | and candid statement of administration achievements to date and plans for the future, Mr. Roosevelt declared that “the international conference which lies be- fore us must succeed,” but his address was sllent as the tomb on that Ameri- can-European issue, the war debts, which Europe considers an absolute condition precedent to success. From the standpoint of our debtors, the President of the United States would stage Hamlet, with the melancholy Dane left out of the cast. In the same newspaper which this morning carried the text cf the Roose- velt broadcast were cables from London indicating how America’s debt attitude is already affecting the impending monetary and economic conference. The British government awaits some assurance of a moratorium on war debts ! before committing itself on the Presi- dent’s proposal of a tariff truce between now and the adjournment of the con- ference. Despite the glowing accounts of his hospitable reception in Wash- ington a fortnight ago, Prime Minister MacDonald has been unable to induce his cabinet to accept America’s invita- tion for an immediate stacking of tariff arms. The British want the war debts breught back to the center of the eco- omic stage, and seem prepared to block President Roasevelt's international plans until that is accomplished. Our special disarmament and economic ambassador, | Norman H. Davis, has spent a futile week in London, attempting to budge John Bull from this position. France is no less hesitant to enter | into a tariff armistice, which so far has begn accepted only by Italy and Japan. Disappointment over, M. Her- riot’s failure to bring home debt re- vision assurances from the United States is widespread in France. It will not be diminished by Washington de- nials of Paris reports that Ametica was | agreeable to a thirty cents on the dollar | lump sum settlement of the debts. Nor | is French desolation over the Herriot mission minimized by the United States’ persistpnt refusal to give France | coveted security guarantees. Meantime, | the Paris government, far from evincing | any enthusiasm for a tariff truce, is! moving to impose surtax customs rates | against American imports because of | the depreciated dollar. The President broadcast as the first objective of cyrrent conversations with | forelgn ptatesmen at Washington “a general uction of armaments,” with a view to banishing invasion fears and balancing budgets. While Mr. Roose- velt was proclaiming this noble upln-t‘ tion, Germany, now heid to be the chief obstacle to armament agreement at Geneva, made two moves which can| only render an armament accord more difficult of accomplishment than it was | already. Chancellor Hitler's proposed | military drilling of German labor, ad- vanced at & moment when the Reich is! seeking arms equality and when the | Nazis have just beccme magsters of the private Steel Helmets army, is hardly designed to create a favorable atmos- phere for that disarmament goal which the American President places at the forefront of his international program. And on top of all this comes Germany's claim at Geneva to the right to build a 26,000-ton capital ship befcre the 1935 naval conference, to match the Dun- kerque, which France laid down against Germany’s 10,000-ton “pocket battle- ship.” Mr. Roosevelt pleads eloquently and persuasively for a realistic view of the country’s business situation. He warns us against any temptation to “ballyiz00” curselves back to prosperity. Events of the hour in Europe admonish the American people to be equally realistic with. respect to the outlook for inter- naticnal agreement in the flelds of disarmament and economics. —_— rate— Lindbergh complies with the requests of photographers. He has learned at last that the public is relentless in its demands and that the cameraman, like the air pilot, has his duty to perform. —— et Japan will insist on the right to make reservations with reference to a tariff truce, even if some of them should prove as unwieldly as a rider on a proposed piece of legisiation in Congress. ————ae— No one ever has adequately described the phenomenon of rain. The average man knows only that it is necessary but uncomfortable. The farmer thinks of it only in terms of water supply, & dampening of his fields. The motorist Tegards it only as & synonym for the danger of skidding. The small boy con- siders it only as something to accumu- late in pools and be waded and cpldshed in. -But. the pocis and philosophers whose duty it is to chronicle and record the characteristics of nature never have béen entirely successful in their en- . THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, spectacle of water falling out of the sky. Rain is & common subject in the | Scriptures, and the narrative of Noah's celebrated voyage is realistic eheugh; perhaps the most poetical of many uses of the word is that in the Psalms: “He mown grass; us showers that water the earth.”” Buddha, t00, is responsible for an imaginative employment of the idea when he says, “If there be one right- eous person, the rain falls for his sake.”, Shakespeare wrote: “O earth! I will befriend thee more with rain than youthful April shall with all his showers; in Summer's drought Il drop upon thee, still.” Milton sang: “And now the thickened sky like a dark ceiling stood; down rushed the rain impetuous.” Prior optimistically urged: See daily showers ‘rejoice the thirsty earth And bless the flowery buds’ succeed:: birth, " i And Shelley, with much the same thought, hymned: T bring fresh showers for the thirsting flowers, From the seas end the streams; I bear light shade for the leaves when laid n thelr nonday dreams. Longfellow noted, “The hooded clouds, like friars, tell their beads in drops of rain,” and Bryant reported, “The mighty rain holds the vast em- pire of the sky alone.” Among the philosophers, George Henry Lewes and John Burroughs best essayed appreciation of the circum- stance. 'The former said: Remember that every drop of rain that falls bears into the bosom of the earth a quality of beautiful fertility. And the latter, frankly anticipating a pleasure in store, declared: L think rain is as necessary to the mind ©5 to vegetation. My very thoughts becoine thirsty and crave the moisture. Burroughs was a modern man. Pos- sibly he represents the modern re- action. ———ee It would perhaps be cumbersome and impractical to require a thumbprint as well as a stamp on every letter dropped Into firet-class mail. Yet such a rulg .would be a means of saving a great deal of money by safeguarding against kidnaping and other racketeer prac- tices. ———— ‘The man who has gold put away need | have little fear of iis being taken by violence. The need of ready currency is such that he may b glad to put it into circulation in the course of crdi- nary transactions with the landlord or grocer. ——————— Broker's Tip wen the Kentucky | Derby. Gambling superstition is sensi- | tive, and this occurrence may lend a slight impulse to transactions on the Stock Exchange. — e Bonus men, Soclalists end Com- munists are all invited to expfess their views. None can expect to be explicitly | understood if everybody talks at once. | ——oe—s. Habit is strong and it may be hard to show the old-fashioned farmer that restricted production is better than a bumper crop. ——— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. “Pride of Possession. You must ld?lit. if you will trace The world’s historic scheme, That Favoritism has place In every mortal scheme— He was a watch dcg, so we said; That pup with spongy feet. He'd let you pat him on the head And bring him things to eat. He'd watch a rat hole by the hour And with the rat in sight He'd keep on watching. But his pow'r To hypnotize was slight. He'd watch the chicken coop with care And when a midnight guest Claimed all the poultry that was there, He watched with interest. He watched a burgiar who, one night Appeared with nerve immense, His silent wonder at the sight Showed great intelligence. He is'a watch dog and he gets The best of care each day, Nor ' heeds ‘the jeering or the threats The neighbors toss his way. A gentle egotism reigns Throughout all human kind. The thing that you possess remains Apart and all refined. So, be you dull or be you wise As through this world you jog, You'll find that any dog's & prize, Provided he’s Your Dog. No Appeal to the Imagination. “Do you take your public thoroughly into your confidence?” “I'm obliged to do so” answered Senator Sorghum. “But it's embarrass- ing. I sometimes feel like a magician who is expected to explain all his tricks &s he goes along.” Jud Tunkins says safety first is a grand idea that is now worked out so fine that a radio entertainer carries his applause. ‘ Turn About. The man who “knocks" is said to see, And yet his fate provckes a smile When it has come his turn to be The anvil for & little while. Sensitive Imagination. “What do you think of three point two beer?” “I never liked arithmetic,” answered Miss Cayenne “and it makes me a little uncomfortable to feel gs if I had swal- lowed some kind of a decimal fraction.” “We "often listen,” said Hi Ho, the considers it quite rough way great-grandmama used snuff. “One reascn I likes music,” said Uncle Eben, “Is dat it kin keep your ears contented wif dat ain’ got| n ‘em.” “Have you & cm of ‘Emma,’ by Jane Austen?” asked the customer. The clerk went to a counter of new novels, 0,” she replied, \“it is either too to & clerk in another store, where a lished in 1816) was available. He laughed heartily. ! “You'd think anybody would know of Jane Austen,” he went on, “especially since she’s almost & classic. EREE ) Thus the purchaser had two good éhuckles and a book for his money, a rather good return. He wondered how it would feel if he sold books, instead of always being on the other side of the counter. Here he had been purchasing books since he was ten years old, or was he ten years old? Maybe he had been eight years when he first laid down the price of a book. What that historic first book of his had been he no longer remembered. How much he would have given to be able to recall i, especially to hold it in his Ihlnd, that first book of his very own rmw of Jane's masterplece (first pub- B To sell books intelligently, to the ut- most satisfaction of the intelligent pur- chasgr, would require a college educa- tion, at least, he thought. Then he wondered if he could ‘e right. Perhaps some_of the best sales- men in this line he had ever known were not even high school graduates. They might have been just great lovers of literature, who had a familiar- ity with the subject which comes only from first-hand acquaintance. Some, no doubt, were youngsters who just grew up in the game, who had been put through an “intensive course” in the jargon of book selling, and either knew most of the questions of the aver- oge customer, or at least knew how to get the information quickly. One of the best clerks he had ever met had been transferred from the corset section of her store to “the books,” where she was more at home and more helpful to the world in gen- eral, because she was interested in * ok * % How impossible it would be, he thought, for a clerk to know about Jane Austen, if she hadn't been brought up with her novels, if she did not know them from the names of other stories, old and new! There were so many novels, especially, pouring from the printing presses of the world, no one in the world, educated or uneducated, could keep up with half |of_them. When to this annual pile, mountain high almost, were added the totals of the worth-while, books of the long pest, the thing became impossible to any but the properly trained. This training, of course, is more than just a personal knowledge of the really gocd bocks of the past and the present. | Library science, of one sort or another, comes in here. Even the most rudimen- tary forms would enable a bright boy or girl to function in the selling of books. There are gigantic bookmen'’s “bibles,” huge catalogues of all books published, past and present, which are the sales- men’s friend, as well as the purchaser’s ever-ready helper. * % ¥ * What would he do, he asked himself, if he were sclling people books, instead | of buying them from time to time? It was a question. WASHINGTON OBSERVATIONS D. C., MONDAY, was putting it correctly from the point of the “‘ J‘llti'.lfi)‘ll" counter. Suppose he had been selling those books and & lady had swept in bent on getting the latest “thrill” novel. He would never have heard of the for it the contempt which it deserved. Yet the customer, if such books had been the extent of her current reading, would have regarded hith as grossly ignorant. ‘What, could any one not be acquaint- ed with Cyrus Hocum and his very latest “Wild Men and. Wilder Women?” How dreadful, indeed. * X X % ne thing he would do, he thought, it ?\eeweu I‘ book seller, would be purely negative. He would not hover over the customer, at his elbow, every moment he was in he store. z He would let the customer alone un- til the latter signified his desires. A friendly t:m:e g:m a word of greets . yes, but no hovering. - m‘l’loyvermx was positively out as far as he was concerned. Kok kK Browse is & l?‘od old word on meadows in book shops. mdM a verb it mg:m to "feeg on.” As noun, “twigs, young 5 The lumb'g of thought, young shoots of ideas—these are the intellec- tual fodder of the ml;l T; woman who | loves to krowse over books. %% s %ne of the most delighttul of all fields for the curious mind, and no! quite takes the place of the store of books, in one form or another. ‘This privilege, of looking over a se- lection of books, many Cr perhaps most of them unknown, is not \: be given up lightly. We do not know how it is now, but as a boy we spent many an hour wan- dering among the shelves at the Public Library, and as far as we know no’ boy ever abused the privilege in any way. ¥k x K The friend of books thought of two more things he thought he would do if he were helping others secure the books they desired. He would learn the customers’ names. Nothing so sets up a’ purchaser (in any sort of store, for that matter) as to be addressed personally, and correctly. by his last name, with the proper and customary title affixed. greets him at his next appearance with salesmanship, eur hero thought, but evidently it must be the most difficuit, judging from the paucity of its use. * X X X The other thing he would do would books and authors uniess he were asked. Every man has a right to his opin- ions, his likes and his dislikes. and there would be no sense in killing a possible sale by a too free expression of an opinion that had not been asked for. It would have been done the other day if the customer had not dared the wrath of the clerk and bought the book anyway. Yet the dear lady was only trying to be nice, after all. It must ba a job, to sell books. BY FREDERIC WILLIAM WILE. In light of the President’s radio address to the Nation last night, this observer suggests that “Faith, Hope and Clarity” be henceforward emblazoned cn the escuthzon of Franklin Dclano Roosevelt. The broadcast bristled with all three of these virtues. It breathed buoyant self-confidence. It registered conservative hope. It was a model of clear statement. To many X-rayers of the Roosevelt psychology, the address will stamp F. D. R. s a master poli- tician—“a better one than I ever was,” Col. Edward M. House recently described | him. The President exhibits shrewd poiitics in his now revealed inflation policy. His “if, when and as” program steers cleverly between the Scylla of the extrcme inflationists and the Charybdis of the Glass sound moncy school. Not to be forgotten is that the inia Senator came out smiling from the White House not many hours before Mr. Roosevelt tcok the air. Radical infigtion advocates and doctrinaire gold alike flaws in the_“if, when and ds” currency plans, but the platform of prudence on which the President takes his stand will | appeal to the country at large. As much cannot be said for the ominous Rooscvelt silence on war debts, as far as Europe is concerned. The President says he doesn't expect to make a hit every time he comes to bat. With his refusal to talk debts (much to the gratification of Congress). F. {: R. in Europe's estimation, didn't get to first base last nlzht; Current events give point and times liness to a yarn now making the rounds in Washington. While the vivacious Viscountess Astor (nee Nancy Lang- horne of Virginia) was in America last Winter, shortly after the presidentia) election, she paid her respects to the President-eleet and Mrs. Rcosevelt at their New York town house. F.D.R.’s mother, Mrs. James Roosevelt, hnp‘-_ pened be\ present. ‘‘Governer, chirped Lady Astor, “I'd love to have your mother spend a few weeks with us in land next Summer.” The President-elect registered no enthusi- asm for the suggestion. The Dixie- bred member of Parliament insisted on knowing why. Theéreupon, beaming his inimital smile upon her, Mr. Roose- velt flashed: “I'm afrald she might cancel the dzb:" * ¥ % * * * Former Attormey General George W. Wickersham took an after-dinner dig at the new deal while presiding over Saturday night's banquet of the Amer- ican Law Institute. Three years ago. he said, he was de] by the thought of the bleak future awalting young men and women coming into the rofession of the law. Today, with “the new dispensation” at Washington and the vista of illimitable possiBilities it is opening up, Mr. Wickersham is constrained to believe that a bright and shining futurc awaits all and sundry of the law concorned with the safe- guarding of what Americans once were prone to look upon as their rights. Lawyers, the Taft attorriey general seemed to want his hearers to under- stand, face feast, not famine, as a gon- sequence of the constitutional innova- tions of which a patlent and trusting country is now the recurring witness. * ok * * First honors for story-telling at the law institute meeting last week went to a Pennsylvania profescor of 12w, who told of being asked by a student to give an example of “substantial perform- anc ct.” He replied: “If & railroad chould contract to deliver “a| i x ® * Prince Georges County, Md., just across the District of Columbia borZer, claims the distinction of being piob- ably the only county in the country frem which a Precident has selected uae Ambuug:;:. i Long wfl. Tespectively, [ 3. Long has tless can, and will, pick p e 1o | at Montpelier and Mr. Welles has an | | equally sumptuous place at Oxon Hill. | | As far as the free State of Maryland | is concerned, both these eminent Demo- | Missourian and Welles hails from aris- tocratic Long Island. Former Repre- Maryland have an ancestral interest in both Montpelier and Oxon Hill. The | former estate once belonged to Mrs. | earlter times was the property of Mr. Hill's people, | * x x x President Roosevelt's views on the ne- | predicated on a typical case recently | brought to White House attention. In a town of small size the sole industry is the manufaciure of a common arti- |cle of wearing appafel. For years the |factory, with its staff of 400 ot 500 work people, has been the economic backbone of the community. With de- n, its business dwindled to al- most nothing. Though the company has always enjoyed the friendliess re- lations with its employes, there came ime, about a year agd, when the d to go cn a drastic part- t. reduce wages and progres- sively impoverish the whole town. Early this year the company proposed |to its workers a plan whereby, on a | considerably diminished wage scale, it | would be possible to employ all of them, | because such an arrangement would en- able the factory to capture the entire market, by underselling df competitors, for the garment in question. This even- tually happened. Relative prosperity suddenly returned to the company and the community, but the situation proved ruinous for numerous other factories and communities interested in the same- product. It is the Roosevelt view that methods must be evolved for preventing such “cut-throat” conditions in Ameri- can industry. * k k% Dr. Hans Luther, the new German Ambassador. in an address to the Ger- man colony of wnshmfion the other day, indicated that the old Hohenzollern pre-war longings for more room in the sun have been revived. He said that the German-Americans who were his ests would understand the father- and’s needs if they'd stop to think | that 65,000,000 Germans, or half the population of the United States, are today compelisd to eke out an exist- ence, cramped into a territory smaller than the State of Texas. Ambassador Luther declared that his people’s re- sentment of these unnatural barriers to their economic development is among the basic causes of current unrest in the land of Hitler. R Wi n international authorities learn with keenest interest that the managerial heads of the Associated Press and the Scripps-Howard News- papers, respectively, Kent Cooper and Roy W. Howard, arc shortly procesding to the Far East on trips of tion. While their stated g\ll’pflc is, to sur- vey the, agencies which both organi- zalions maintain on the other side of the world, the real object of their trips is believed to concern the ex- situation during the months or years lying ahead. Former Governor and J. Allen of Kansas, told the Soclety of American Newspaper Editors in Wash- ington the other day_ that he is about to pack his bags for Russia and Japan in order to be on top of “the biggest story that will break in the world in next two years.” thing or, if he had, would have had |reports 4 Mr. Jones is amazed and delighted. | too, when a clerk he has seen once a simple, “How do you do, Mr. Jones." | ‘This ought to be the easiest trick in| be to refrain from giving opinions as to | | alligned against this amendment and it | present special session. crats dre carpet-baggers. lLong is a sentative and Mrs. John Phillp Hill of | Hill's grandfather, and O%xon Hill in | groun‘or fndustries would suggest piacs | cessity of controlled production are | MAY 8 1033, President Roosevelt's program for the presert special session of Cougress has egching B dent may defend it on the ground that - cures. that the will - mitted to adjourn before it has acted upon a bank reform bill; that such a measure would lead to long debate and make an early adjournment of the Con- gress impossible. If there is one thing | the Congress can afford to do in the interest of the people, it is to stay in Wi now and put through leg- islation to strengthen the banking sys- tem. The need has been pointed to, not only by President Roosevelt, but, also by former President Hoover. Yet for reasons, many of them entirely self- ish, this tion has blocked time and agaif. ‘A bank reform bill was put through the Senate at the last Congress, but was allowed to die in the House, pigeon holed in the committee. It does not seem likely that President Roosevelt abandon this proposal for bank refc lation, or that he will agree to have it postponed for an- cther year. % %% Senator Carter Glass of Virginia has bank reform legislation for years. He was the author of the bill which the Senate passed last session and which was subjected to a filibuster which delayed it greatly in the Upper House. The bill has been opposed because it sought to prevent the use of Pederal Reserve resources and credits| in stock speculation; because it sought | to cut off the so-called “affiliates” of banks of deposit which do a business that no banks of deposit have any right to be doing". because it sought to exterg branch banking. The z‘tach on wne branch banking feature of the bill was made to camouflage the opposition to the other Fxrpuu of the measure, pur- poses which could not be attacked openly. subcommittee of the Sen- ate Committee, headed by Senator Glass, is to report the bill to the full committee tomorrow. Thers| —C. is plenty of time to get behind the bank reform bill and to push it through the Congress, unless there is reelly a desire to avold :\.\ch remedial legislation. * % x ‘The administration is looking to the House today for support in its opposi- | tion to a Senate amendment to the farm | endeavor to guarantee to the farm the “cost of production.” Secretary Wallace | of Lh!lyl)ep:nmmt of A,grlcull.ijre 3;: strongly _opposeq proposal. - viously the difficulties of seeing that all the farmers of the country obtain for thelr produce the cost of production, plus a reasonable return for their labor, would be a huge task to bite into. The cost of production contains many ele- ments. Tmore, it may cost one farmer appreciably more to produce crops than another, because of sofl con- ditions or just because of natural ability to farm economically or expensively. Mr. Wallace has no desire to be stacked UE ‘against this proposal, which on the | face of it seems, entirely unworkable, for more reasons than one. So the ad- ministration leaders in the House are is slated to go out. The Senate adopted the amendment over the protest of the a2dministration. Members of the Senate have felt it necessary to assert their in- dependence now and then during the However, if the House defeats this cost of production amendment by a substantial vote, it is expected that the Senate will permit the oill to go flfl'wgh :Inslh!. without it. * Before the Congress closes it is ex- pected that the administration will get behind & hill for & comprehensive plan to te or to assist industry to regulate itself. Senator Robert F. Wag- ner’s office has become a kind of clear- ing house for ideas and estions for such a measure. It is stil in the formative stage, but it comtemplates a central industrics board, something like the War Industries Board of the World War days, with co-ordinators for various groups of industries. Each Ior stabilizing production, employment and wage scales, and for the elimina- tion of unfair competition by min ties in the industry. President Roost velt, in his address to the American gople over the radio last night, clearly dicated the need for such legislation and described it as a plan for Gov- ernment co-cperation in planning with Industry, rather than Government “control.” * *x kx X Industry is in a measure to fiy its own rules, and the Government steps | in to see that these plans are carried out. In order to get at the unfair and cut- throat competition af industrial units, | the present anti-trust laws will have to be modifled, the President pointed out. He said in this connection: “Govern- ment ought to have the right and will have the right, after surveying and planning for an industry, to prevent, with the assistance of the overwhelming majority of tl industry, unfair prac- tice and to enforce this agreement by the authority of government. “The so-called anti-trust laws were intended to prevent the creation o(' moncpolies and to forbid unreasonable profits to those monopolies. That pur- pose of the anti-trust laws must be| continued. But these laws were never intended to encourage the kind of un- fair competition that results in long {:gun, starvation wages and overproduc- n.” £ £ x X ‘These radio addresses of the President to the people are certainly effective. Last night's address was the second the President has made since he entered the White House a little more than two months ago. The first had to do with his order closing the banks and the emergency banking act passed by Con- ‘The President in both his ad- dresses to the people has been able to|Cl speak in clearly understood terms, mak- ing the picture concrete enough for the people to understand. By this plan of over the air the President reaches many millions of people direct- ly, in all parts of the country. The radio, in effect, becomes a tremendous weapon in the hands of the Chief Ex- ecutive, if he wishes to use it as a ;el&c;m Im:tlne .t‘!dne ei.;nec:h‘!,“ a speech e, made way, in which thp:(gmldent took to task mem- bers of :Congress who sought to ham- string or delay important legislation. The effect on public opinion probably would be enormous. e Ending a Racket. Prom the Louisville Herald-Post. A New York legislator has introduced 2 bill which would abolish suits to col- lect damages for breach of promise to marry. It provides that “no court shall entertain any suit with respect to a contract entered into by virtue of mu- tual promise to marry”; and it would seem that every State in the Union mnmubb copy this proposed law. As stand now, most breach of omise suits are little better than a kind of blackmail. To be i ! ; E Nationdl Dumbness. From the Atlanth Journal. A Delawzre man remained silent'\for & word until [y BepEs’ ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS | BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. Direct your Information Bureau, Frederic J. Has- kin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. What is the earliest age at which a solo flight has been made in this country?—J. H. A. Jack chngmm is the youngest human being who has ever soloed. He made his first air trip at the age,of 4. He_ had seven and one-half hours of 1l instruction before he tried his own wings. He soloed at Suffolk Air- port, Westhampton, Long Island, in C:gm. 1931, when he was 11 years old. Q. When does the National Academy 001 Design hold its art exhibits?>—W. . K. A. It holds two exhibitions each year, one in November and the other March, Q. How many characters xm used by the Egyptians in their hicroglyphic writing?—=N. 8. E. A. They are believed to have used about 1,700. Q. What is the official record ski Jump for the world?—L. L. A. The International Ski Federation does not and never will officially rec- ognize long ski jumps as records, and this is all due to the fact that there are not two ski hills in the world that are built exactly alike. Another point is the fact that the top-notchers of the world can never hope to gather at the same great ski hill, and this is not a fair issue unless all great skiers could | | gather far ek & ~#care dav or % Jumps 5%a Yeet, 269 Yeet and 331 feet have been noted, but none has been ac- t‘:;:pud. by the federation for the reasons ven, Q. Does the new economy act pro- hibit a veteran from borrowing 50 per cent %l )éu odjusted service certificate? A. The Veterans’ Administration says that there is no provision under the new economy act which has any bearing on or in apy way curtails the privileges of veterans to borrow on their adjusted service certificates. Q. Why was the South so late in de- —y i e h =5 relief bill, an hmendment which would | 3+ a8 S manufacturing plants? ‘A" The cause of the small develop- ment of Southern manufacturing com- pared with that of the North up to the | year 1850 was that every dollar could be more profitably utilized in the pro- duction of staple agricultural crops than in operating cotton machinery. Q. What are the ranks in the Legion of Honer?—L. 8. C. A. There are five: Grand croix, grand officer, commandeur, officer and chevalier. Q. How large are the Everglades and how deep is the water>—A. D. K. A. The Everglades is a vast fresh- water marsh lake in Southern Florida. Its width is about 45 miles, it& eastern boundary being from 5 to 25 miles from the Atlantde Coast and its western limits are at » mean distance of about 50 miles from the Gulf of Mexico. The depth of the Everglades varies from about 1 to 6 feet and lessens consider- ably during the period of least precipi- tation._ The region is generally covered by anextraordinary dense growth of “'saw-grass,” rising 2 to 6 feet or more above the water's surface. and gives the landscape the general appearance of an immense prairie, almost impenetrable "|diamond as a jewel. except for the natural water lanes. The vast swamp is now being drained. -— ® Q. How much wine did the Heidelberg . tun hold?—M. E. " A. This enormous cask is in the cellar under Heldelberg Castle. It was set up by the Elector Charles Philip in 1751 and was kept full of Rhine wine until 11076& It has a capacity of 49,000 gal- ns, Q. Where were diamonds first used as jewels?—W. R. ¥ A. India was the original home of the For centuries India remained the sole source of Europe’s diamond supply. About 1730 diamonds were discovered in Brazil. In 1867 diamonds were discovered in South Africa. South African diamonds now | constitute more than 90 per cent of the world’s supply. Q, Where are the horse latitudes?— | A. The name is given to the belt of calms in the North Atlantic Ocean be- tween the region of westerly winds of the higher latitudes and the region of trade winds of the torrid zone. Author- ities differ in regard to the origin of the name, some claiming that it was derived from the fact that vessels with a cargo of horses were often so delayed on ac- count of the calms that the animals perished from lack of water. Q. Please give the height, weight and nationality of Bob Fitzsimmons, the prize fighter.—8§. B. A. Robert L. Fitzsimmons was born on June 4, 1862, in Helsten, Cornwall, England. Height, 5 feet 113, inches. Weight, 156-62 pounds. His nationality was Cornish. He died in 1918, Q. Has Mexico a number of states governed as the States in this country |are?—J. R. |, A. Mexico is a federated republic of 28 states, each with a large measure |of home rule and with a governor, | legislature and judiciary ,elected by | popular vote. There are also two tefrie |tories and a federal district. Legisla- tive power rests in a Congress, consisting of a Chamber of 185 Deputies and & Senate cf 58 members, two for each state, all elected for two years by uni- | versal suffrage. The President is elected fot four years by direct popular vote | and cannot be re-elected until after an | intervening term. He appoints a cabi- net of 10 secretaries. e | Q When was the “Te Deum"” writ- ten?—M. A. H. | "A. It is probably the work of B. Nicetas of Remesiana, in Dacia (335- ! 415), although portions of it go back zo (Iaslder Greek and even Hebrew orig- nals. Qi: Do birds have vocal cords?— | 'A. They do not, but thejy absence is compensated by the development of |a sing-box, or syrinx, at the base of the windpipe. 5| Q. Please tell something of the life of Mrs. Russell Sage—R. C. P. A. Margaret Olivia Slocum Sage was | born at Syrachse, N. Y.. September 8, | 1828. She was educated at the Troy, |N. Y, Female Seminary, afterward known as the Emma Willard School. She married Russel Sage in 1869. | Knowing her business ability and her interest in charity, her husband at his. death left her over $64,000,000; without restriction. In 1907 the Russell Sage | Foundation was incorporated, to which Mrs. Sage gave $10,000,000. She died |in New York City November 4, 1918. By her will she left $36,000,000, to be ivided into 52 parts and distributed | to various institutions. | Q. Was Bernhardt a Jew or a Chris- | tian?—N. T. | A. She was born of Jewish parents and baptized into the Christian faith by her father’s desire;; She was reared in a convent. 4 Iowa Judge Lauded as'Her(; In Upholding A place of highest honor among upholders of American principles is given to Judge Charles C. Bradley of Le Mars, Iowa, for his refusal to repu- diate his convictions and obligations in the face of indignities and the threat of hanging at the hands of farmers | aroused to mob action by mortgage foreclosures. While expressing sym- pathy for sufferers from the depression on the farms of Iowa and other States, newspaper opinion of the country ap- plies sharp words to the treatment of the 60-year-old jurist and holds that relief will not be brought about by such tactics, but must come through | orderly channels. “Honor to the veteran jurist, who, even when threatened with death, re- than as he conscientiously saw it,” ex- Honor of Court | contracted the indebtedness, and in many cases were inprudent and reckless, Their conduct, in resorting to violence and open assault upon the | courts and the laws, is unjustifiable, un- | American and unworthy of the fine tra- ditions of American farmers, from Co- lonial days to the present.” The | Charleston (S. C.) Evening Post com- | ments: “There is no doubt that Iowa | farmers have been sorely pressed by | economic conditions, but that is no |excuse for the methods they have | adopted, methods which lead directly te anarchy.” “The holiday moveme: explains the Omaha World-Herald, “has never been more than a minority farm movement, |but this minority has become danger- | fused to interpret the law otherwise | cus because it is an organized minority and because it has become a definite claims the Cleveland News, with the threat to public safety. The great body belief that “justice in this country is safe in such hands.” The Salt Lake in the face of ignominious death will illumine forever the traditions of the American_judiciary, while the Buffalo Evening News holds that “Americans who ‘know a brave man when they see one will have no difficuity in deciding who was the hero of that incident.” The Youngstown Vindicator says that “the country needs such men.” “Something luminously splendid.” thinks the Chicago Daily News, “flashed 2gainst the dark background of mob passion when that 60-year-old Iowa judge, heaped with unmerited indigni- ties, a tightening noose around his neck, faced more than 100 angry farmers, faced the cruel death they threatened, and, to the demand that he repudiate his oath of obligation to the law and Jjustice, answered ‘I cannot.’ It was a revelation of moral fiber upon which, more than upon anything else, the hope and faith of America must rely. By that act of uncringing fidelity, before the high courage of which his shamed ilants retreated, District Judge ‘flrlu C. Bradley, a moment earlier the mud-smeared object of ribald jest, rose to sudden and compelling dignity as a symbol of what is finest in his country’s soul. Not merely moral cour- age, but a noble quality of self-subordi- nating mercy, shone in the attitude of this heroic man who would not com- promise with murder-minded wrong- doers, but was willing to pray for them and to forgive. The inspiring thrill that | went to every corner of the country as a result of this episode transcends the sense of horror which the mad lawlessness of the irate farmers must evoke.” “It seems improbable,” avers the Rockford Register-Republic, “that such a situation could have arisen in a com- munity where officials were alert to their responsibilities and active in per- formance of their duties.” The Rutland Herald. believes that “officials who al- lowed such a thing to happen are al- most below contempt,” and the Provi- dence Bulletin declares that “if the mob has made the State of Iowa to hang its head in_shame, the stern devotian to duty of Judge Bradley has redeemed the ceful conduct.” preveil and shall not be l!amfiuh.lndstgln! everywhete herry ‘g who want to break the; “It is difficult to fix the blame thess disiressing condliions,” for mn rn-um.'%'" n"? the mortgaged farmers i of Towa farmers are peaceful, law-abid= |ing and patient. They have no wish to | Deseret News feels that “his conduct |see orderly government broken down |and its place taken by a state of an- archy dominated by unruly mobs. They, along with all other citizens of their State, will feel easfer in the knowledge that a strong hand is at the helm and that the social order will be maintained.” | _The Oklahoma City Times refers to the demonstration as an act of “the radical fringe,” while the Indianapolis News avers that “the obvious need in these trying times is to sustain and | protect our ordinary processes of gove ernment,” and the Lincoln State Jour- nal contends that “mob action must | be met and quelled at its start.” ‘The | Fort Worth Star-Telegram sees & | “veneer of civilization” among the peo- ple, but suggests: “Scratch it lightly, and we make the jump back to the caves in something less than a flash.” The Hartford Times condemns “an | act akin to treason,” and the disgrace attached to the proceedings is em- | phasized by the Dayton Daily Net | the Goshen News-Times, the Ashlan | Independent, the Sioux Falls Argus- Leader the Roanoke Times and the Connellsville Dafly Couricr. The Rock Island Argus advises that “if every class in this country that happens to feel resentment against conditions that bear hard should attack courts and Jjudges, chaos would result” The Co- lumbia (S. C.) State denies that the farmers have been “chief sufferers from e armners & ers generally,” says the | City Star, “have w?lhmz mem fortunes with patience and fortitude. | They know they are not the only suf- ferers from depression. There are some millions who are suff:ring even more acutely. They also know that ex- | traordinary efforts ere under way, in ‘Washington end in many State capitals, to ameliorate their condition and revive their industry. It is evidence of their intcgrity and sgability that only a few have lost their heads.” The Des Moines Tribune charges that “these men sare not benefactors of the farming popula- u!zndg_l Iowa; they are sabotagers in- stead.” The Philadelphia Evening Bulletin cencludes that “such oytbreaks, deplor- able as they are, help to ‘explain the situation that has brought about de- mand for emergency relief legislation by .” The Akron Beaeon Jour- nal zees relief only in legisiation, while the Altoona Mirror looks to some ad- ministrative relief. [