Evening Star Newspaper, April 29, 1933, Page 16

A—16 % THE EVENING STAR, WASHINGTON, 7 D. C, SATURDAY, APRIL 29, 1933. ACKERMAN LAUDS NEWSPAPERS FOR SERVICE T0 PEOPLE Educator Declares Editors Place News Ahead of Earning Profits. HANDLING OF FOREIGN DISPATCHES COMMENDED Associated Press and Similar Or-| ganizations Held of Great Value to American Public. . ‘The highest principles of journalis- tic service to the public. many times at the cost of profit to the publishers, have been maintained by the newspa- pers of the country during the trying times through which the country is passing. Dean Carl W. Ackerman of mbia University School of 1 members of the of Newspaper Editors annual meeting at the Na- tional Press Club toda “The publishers’ over-all viewpoint,” he declared. that while circulation is necessary both for income and in order to maintain advertising revenues, his primary concern is with a news and editorial policy which, over a period of vears, will increase the im- portance and usefulness of his prop- erty. This is good business as well as good journalism. While the newspaper 85 & business must be a profit-making intftution, the profit motive has not been the underlying reason for the success or progress of American jour- n 4 Lauds Foreign Service. “Newspapers have fearlessly and elgarly printed facts about conditions afd changes as rapidly as they have béen revealed by those at the source of information. They have explored every possible source of information and printed endless comments and opinions of men and women in every field of work and thought, whose viewpoint could e been of help to the public in understanding and interpreting eco- nomic and social changes. If bankers, business men, educators and public officials had exercised similar care and t in their personal conversa- gossip which finally reached T proportions would have been dricd up at the source.” He praised the achievements of the foreign news services, particularly those of the Associated Press. declaring: “The achievements of the press as- sociations are such common factors in our fession that they hardly tm- press us, but, I think, from time to time, we make a mistake as far as public responsibility is concerned, in not regarding our achievements as equal in news value to the achievements of other professions. Foundation for Opinions. “Through an almost instantaneous interchange of facts and opinions they inform the civilized world and lay each day the foundations for the public on of the day on foreign affairs. “The most recent development, the organization of the British, the German and the French Associated Press, will be an important factor in the further development of international under- standing and good will. “President Nicholas Murray Butler of Columbia University once remarked that foreign peoples have seen the United States ‘upside down' because of the prejudiced dispatches from foreign ob- servers in this country. The distribu- tian of Associated Press dispatches in Europe should help to restore the balarce so that European peoples can see us as we are quite as much ‘right side up' in these days as any other nation. “The destiny of representative gov- ernments depends upon the progress of journalism. There is more at stake than the survival of a form of govern- ment. There are the rights of millions of men and women to work and to a decent living. These people are our readers. They still have faith in the daily newspapers. They look to the press as their reliable and incorruptible nd and counsellor. “To these stryggling masses, as well more intellectual and fortunate . we have an obligation and a responsibility. That is to improve the profession of journalism. This is the chief challenge to the press of today “Among the 2,000 daily newspapers in the United States, one fact which will stand the most thorough analysis is that during the past threc years the news- papers have not only maintained, but they have succeeded in a serious en- deavor to improve their news services Publishers have sacrificed the business of the newspaper to save the profession of journalism “Let those who question the selfish interests of newspaper owners ponder this fact.” The editors last night were guests at the White House for an hour’s “off the record conference with President Roosevelt, Yesterday afternoon they heard a talk from Jesse H. Jones, director of the Re- construction Finance Corporation, who, after a prepared speech, sat down with the editors and held an “off the record” conference with them. Mr. Jones told the editors there are decided signs of business improvement at present, and expressed an optimistic outlook for business in the future. Confidence in Rooseveit. Himself a publisher, Mr. Jones, from the standpoint of the newspaper man, expressed the highest confidence President Roosevelt's ability to bring the country through the troublous times. He said the R. F. C. has invested and is now in the course of closing the pur ol more than $50.000,000 in preferred stocks in banks throughout the country, in an cffort to get those institutic which are closed on their feet. He d it was felt, however, that the R. F. C. must be more careful in subsc g for stock and becoming stockholders in banks than in making loans, because the public will havi every right to assume that when the Government subscribes for bank stock that the bank will be thoroughly sound. He suggested that it would be a goc thing for all banks in the country whether they actually need it at th: moment or not. to sell preferred stock, purchases of which are matched dollar for dollar by the R. F. C., to build up their capital. “In some instance: , “where new banks are organized, the common stock is subscribed for by the depositors of old banks, the R. F. C. matching dollar for dollar with preferred stock. In others old banks are reorganized by freezing a percentage of the deposits to provide common capital,” Former Senator Henry J. Allen, also & newspaper man, urged the editors to pay more attention to their interpreta- tions of the news of today, citing in- stances of the tying up of related events into a whole picture, which gives the newspaper reader a much-needed service. DR. DE LAIIGE SPEAKS A lecture on “Christian Science: The Bcience of Spiritual Understanding” was delivered last evening in Fourth Church of Christ, Scientist by Dr. Hen- drik Jan de Lange, C. S. of the Hague, Holland. _Dr. de Lange is a member of the Board of Lectureship of the Mother Church, the First Church of Christ, Scientist, in Boston, Mass. He was introduced by Lewis P. Andresen, reader of Fourth Cl}:‘r:ch under aupiccs of W) ture was in | {TAXICAB DRIVER FINDS BULLET IN POCKET AFTER BANDIT FIRE Ball Glanced Off Rib, but Chauffeur Isn’t Sure He Wasn’t Hurt Badly. Seeond Shot Went Some Place, He Says, and He Wants to Know Where. Fired on twice and hit at least once by a colored bandit early today, Ralph | Orr, 26, a taxicab driver, will be happler about the bullet he found in a coat pocket over his heart when he can be assured he is not carrying the other bullet in his body. Immediately after the hold-up, which eccurred in the 1500 block of O street, Orr's cab careened into an automobile parked at the curb, and a passing mo- torist hurried the driver to Emergency Hospital, where he was given first aid and assured the bullet had glanced off a rib, On’ his way home Orr stopped in a | lunch room for a cup of coffee. While | there he felt a weight in the breast { pocket of his coat, and a search re- vealed & '88-caliber bullet, battered and | still retaining a fragment of cloth. Will Ask X-Ray. There was a hole through Orr’s coat, | vest and underclothing just over a | flesh wound near the heart, but how the bullet could have bounced back into | an outside pocket was still puzzling Orr today. | Meanwhile, Orr moved gingerly about | | his room at 827 Fifth street, prepara- tory to returning to Emergency Hospital to ask an X-ray examination. Shortly after midnight, Orr picked up a colored “fare” at Fourteenth and L | streets. The passenger was dressed in & brown bellhop’s uniform and Orr was | not suspicious until, arriving in the 1500 | block of O street, another colored man jumped on the running board when the cab halted The newcomer jerked the door open beside Orr. s OHEST'S OVERHEAD (POLIGE SEIZE TWO | EXPENSES REACH | WORKING ON SAFE RALPH ORR. “Stick ‘em up!” he sald. “It's a hold-up!” “Aw, what the—" Orr began, whereupon the armed bandit struck him with his fist. Saved His Money. Convinced the colored man did not mean to shoot, Orr tried to save the $5 he had in his pocket by slipping in the gears and stepping on the gas. ‘The bandit fired twice with his gun almost against Orr's breast before the speeding cab crashed into a car at the curb. Both colored men fled and the cab door was torn off by the impact. Incidentally, the owmer of the cab is still searching for the door. The copper jacket had been cut from | | the nose of the bullet Orr recovered, ] to make it spread on impact. There | were no cther wounds on Orr's body and a careful scrutiny of the cab falled to disclose where the other bul- let struck. At any rate, Orr saved his $5 and got at least ane souverir, although he lost a cab door and considerable sleep trying to solve the puzzle. CLARENDON GIRL ISVIRGINIA ORATOR Washington-Lee High School| Sophomore Wins Finals Held at Ballston. Fourteen-year-old Maxine Cardwell, | Washington-Lee High School sopho- | more. was sdjudged_champlonorator | of Virginia in that State’s Tenth Na- | tional Oratorical Contest finals last night at Ballston. Earlier in the day Grace Mary Col- lifiower of St. Cecilia’s Academy was | proclaimed champion of the private and parochial school district in the final elimination meet held in the Na- tional Museum Auditorium. Tonight at La Plata the Maryland State finals will be held for the des- | ignation of the spckesman of that State | in The Star finals May 11. The Mary- | jand finalists and their respective ora- tions, in the order in which they will speak, follow: Robert Bradley of the Hyattsville High School, champion of Prince Georges County, “The Leaders of the Constitutional Convention.” Serge Remby Diab of the Charlotte Hall School, champion of St. Marys County, “Origins of the Constitution. Henry Estevez of the La Plata High School, champion of Charles County, ,“Why We Should Support the Con- stitution.” Haylett B. Shaw of the Bethesda- Chevy Chase High School, champion of Montgomery County, “The Consti tution.” The judges for the Maryland finals will be Dr. Stephen E. Kramer, first assistant superintendent of District of Columbia schools; H. H. Keyser, secre- tary and counsel of the Potomac Elec- tric Power Co. and Dr. Richard J. Purcell of the Catholic University staff. Randolph Leigh, director general of the contest, will preside. Field Closeiy Contested. In the Virginia finals last night Miss Cardwell won in a closely contested field. After determining Miss Card- well winner of first hcnors, the judges split completely on the designation of the alternate and they were obliged to consult in order to break the three- speaker tie. Newton M. Brooke, Jr., of the Warrenton High School, cham- pion of Fauquier County, finally was chosen as alternate. Miss Cardwell who is the daughter | | of Mrs. Mae O. Cardwell of Clarendon, won her honors and the cash award of $100 that accompanies them with an cration on “The Purpose of the| Constitution.” Speaking for only four minutes and 55 seconds, in delivering | one of the two shortest orations in| the meet, she displayed a brand of ora- | tory that was commanding. Her audi- ence, which filled the large auditorium to capacity, listened raptly as she spoke | in clear, low tones that presented to good advantage her precise pronunci- ation and enunciation. The young| orator plans to prepare for & teaching | career, embracing dramatic instruction. The alternate, young Brooke, won with a speech on “The Making of the Constitution.” Although speaking in a | Jarger auditorium than that in his own | | Warrenton High School, where he won | | the Fauquier County championship Wednesday night, Brooke retained his poise and seemed to have acquired | even more forensic power than he pos- ! sessed in his first victory. " The Virginia finals were launched | by Layton Gibson of the Jeflerson High School at Falls Church, champion of Fairfax County. with his oration on | “The Ideals of the Men Who Framed Itne Constitution—a Challenge to the en of Today.” MHE was followed by Gladys Caswell of the George Mason High School champion of Alexandria, who bid with | her oration on “The League of Nations and the Constitution.” Speaks on 19th Amendment. je MacDonald of the Leesburg 'Hl’:h“ School, champion of Loudoun . then presented her oration on d Its Progress.” In spee nMscDonlld showed herself an of woman suffrage. | gin a; Miss ardent supporter School, champion of Prince “William County, was the fifth orator to speak. She discussed “The Tests of the Con- stitution” and the high quality of her oratory served to make still more diffi- | cult the task of 1the judges in plckmz\ a Virginia champion. | Miss Cardwell (o:le:rt'ed Miss May and | concluded the contest. While the judges were writing their | ballots, 5. D. Vanderslice, principal of the Washington-Lee High School, pre- sented the gold medals, which are em- blematic_of the county championships to the Virginia finalists. As each was a county champion, each speaker re- ceived a medal. Meanwhile, Randolph Leigh, director general of the National Oratorical Con- test, who was guest chairman of the finals, left the stage to compile the ballots of the judges. He returned after a lapse of 10 minutes to announce that while the first place had been de- termined on the first ballot of the judges, three orators were tied for sec- ond place. He directed the judges to retire for a consultation, and after further deay, the news of Miss Card- well's victory was announced by M. Louise F. May of the Brentsvillg High | yg35 \ MAXINE CARDWELL. GRACE COLLIFLOWER. Leigh and greeted by thundrous ap- plause. ‘The program at the Virginia finals was completed by music. Leland J. Williams of the English Department of the Washington-Lee High School sang several solos and the school's band played in concert before the opening of the meeting. The judges of the finals were Dr. George M. Churchill of the George Washington University faculty, Dr. C. M. Koon of the U. S. Office of Education and Dr. Grace B. Holmes of the Eastern High School faculty. The private and parochial school finals in the National Muscum Audi- torium late yesterday afternoon repre- sented one of the most consistently high-grafe oratorical competitions of the contest here this year. Despite the uniformly good speech-making, how- ever, the board of three judges unani- mously chose Miss Colliflower as cham- pion. Speaking on “Thomas Jefferson, Father of Constitutional Democracy, Miss Colliflower revealed herself strong contender for The Star area championship—and consequently the Summer tour of Europe which is the grand prize—with a clear, resonant voice and a winning personality. In this district, too, however, the judges found it hard to separate the winner of second place and so they voted a tie for that honor. Randolph Leigh, jr. spokesman for St. Alban's School, and Miss Patricia McGeer, spokesman for Immaculata Seminary, were the second place winners. The private and parochial school finals were unique in the contest in that the speakers appeared only by number designation and it was not until the verdict was given that even Dr. Charles Hart of the Catholic University faculty, who was presiding, was given their identifications so that he could present each speaker in his own name. The judges’ ballots designated the speakers by number. Young Leigh, who is the son of the director general of the contest, was first to Qid for honors. He delivered a timely and challenging oration on “Roosevelt, The Hero of the Crisis of 933" Miss Colliflower next spoke and she ‘was followed by Miss Ann Cooke of the Holy Cross Academy. Miss Cooke pre- sented a speech on “The Implied Power of the Constitution. George Donn of St. John's College was the fourth orator to take the stage and he sought honors with his oration on “The Genesis of the Constitution.” William Powell of the Woodward School for Boys of the Young Men's Christian Association, was the next speaker and he made a strong fight for the championship with his speech on “Women and the Constitution.” Mm‘McGeer was the last orator to speak. When the decision of the judges was available, Dr. Hart lost no time in a nouncing the news. Miss McGeer's name was greeted with a burst of en- thusiastic acclaim that was a tribute to the sportsmanship of the supporters of the losing contestants.. Judges of the private and parochial school finals were Neil Burkinshaw, former assistant to thekaxney Gfl:ml; L Hall, Washington attorney, ‘ L. C. McDonals of the Gatholic Uni- versity fo Gilbert L.| LOW MARK IN 132 Administration Costs Were Only 5.37 Per Cent, An- nual Meeting Hears. KING ASSURES CONGRESS AID FOR NEEDY HERE Relief Burden in Washington Greater Than Elsewhere in Coun- try, Report Indicates. Expenditures for administration of the Community Chest and for the so- lcitation of funds during, 1932 reached the low of 537 per cent of receipts, it was disclosed last night at the Chest's fifth annual meeting, held in the United States Chamber of Com- merce Building. ‘This figure s the lowest yet reached. During 1931, expenditures totaled ap- proximately 6 per cent, while in 1930 they represented 7 per cent of all | funds received. Other high lights of the meeting were: An address by Harry Hopkins, chair- istration of New York State, in which uperizing ef- has a_degrading and is country for fect which will pester years to come.” An address by Senator Willlam H. King of Utah, chairman of the Sen- ate District Committee, in which he geve assurance that Congress would do its part toward local relief. A report by the Campaign Commit- tee, of which Newbold Noyes is chair- iman, mdnmm§| that private charity in Washington has been forced to car- Iy a greater proportion of the relief burden than elsewhere in the country. Director Gives Report. A report by Elwood Street, director of the 'Chest, showing the marked in- crease in all the services, financed by Cliest funds, in 1932, over the preced- ing year, while the unit cost was lowered. A'report by Joshua Evans, jr., chair- man of the Chest’'s Budget Committee, lauding the work of the committee members and detailing their work. The election of the 93 candidates for the Board of Trustees, represent- ing contributors to the Chest, who were named by the Nominating Commltwe The figure representing the cost of the Chest in 1932 was given by Wil- liam J. Flather, jr. treasurer, in his annual report. This percentage was broken up into cost for solicitation and for adminis- tration. The raising of the Chest's 1932 funds cost $49,705.21, or 2.26 per cent of the total collected, while the cost of administration throughcut the year, including auditing. totaled $69,- £90.78, Mr. Flather declared. His report showed that $2,202,000, or a little more than 90 per cent | paid into the Chest to date, while $2. 283,000 was expended during that yea: leaving an cperating deficit of $80.530. This, together with an accumulated deficit from former years of approxi- mately $99.000, brought the total defi- cit at the end of 1932 to $179,000. Pledges for $17,000 for past years have been paid, however, since Janu- ary, Mr. Flather declared, and this, added to the $36,000 contributicn to- ward liquidation of the deficit from 1933 funds, brings the deficit down to $126,000. Introduced by President. Mr. Hopkins was introduced by President E. C. Graham of the Chest, who presided, as one of the leading social workers in the United States authority on administration of unem- ployment, relief. The New Yorker deplored the recog- | nized necessity of affording relief be- | cause of its evil effect on the charac- ters of those helped. “Those mnow getting relief are our friends and relatives, the incompetent and sick went overboard a year and a half ago. “I have faith, however, that President Roosevelt will pull us through. He has a great determination to see that the 13,000,000 unemployed are put to work as free men in a free labor market. But it will take a long time and an enor- | mous amount of money must be spent for relief before the end is reached. “I believe, however, that we are reaching the peak and the end is in sight. As business picks up, however those working short stagger hours will be put on full time before the unem- ployed are given work.” He said no private agency is capa- ble of meeting the relief problems. The large proportion of funds now coming from the Federal Government should be lessened, he added. and a heavier burden put on State and mu- nicipal governments. No matter how we try, he contin- ued, the situation cannot be adequate- ly met. He said it is ridiculous to talk about any such thing as adequate relief since it does not exist. Senator King told Chest workers “support your organization and I am sure that Congress will do its part.” He attacked card-playing women and golf-playing men who have not time to work to relieve the suffering of their fellows. Senator King was introduced by Frederic A. Delano, uncle of President tional Capital Park and Planning Commission. The report of the Campaign Com- mittee stated that private funds for relief have thus far carried a heavier proportion of the burden than is the case in other cities. The report was presented by J. Bernard Wyckoff, a » member of the Executive Committee, in place of Arthur Hellen, vice chair- man of the Campaign Committee. Public Appropriations Grow. “In 1930, it set out, “public ap- propriations for the United States as a whole provided 71 per cent of re- lef funds, but in Washington only 27 per cent. In 1932, public appropria- tions for the rest of the country had jumped to 82 per cent, but in Wash- ington only to 32 per cent. For Janu- ary of this year public funds in other communities averaged 89 per cent of tge total relief, while in Washington t equivalent was 68 per cent. ‘Private philanthropy has done about what it can be expected to here. We must look to Congress, our city coun- cil, to make available our tax resources to meet the rest of the need. Hap- pily, the members of the House and Senate are showing themselves most sympathetic to cur community's needs. We have hopes that, although at the present rate the relief agencies of the Community Chest will have spent all of their money by the middle of the Summer, adequate additional funds may be secured from public sources to make possible the continuance cf the work of these agencies on a normal basis instead of under the present un- bearable burden.” ‘The committee's campaign turned the &= Mt out considerably bétter than erage for the United States, it was d. was enough evidence,” Mr. ‘Wyckoff read from the report, “of sacrificial giving to assure that man of the Temporary Relief Admin- | he said “giving rellef to poor people | e/ the total pledges for 1932, has beel and the country's most outstanding, “But we have to do it.” he declared. | Roosevelt and chairman of the Na-| IN S-AND-10 STORE 61-Year-Old Man and Com- panion Are Held for In- vestigation. OFFICERS ATTRACTED BY' HAMMERING SOUND Night Manager of Gasoline Station and Tailor Also Are Victims of Bandits. Two alleged safecrackers—one 61 | years old and the other admittedly an ex-convict—were trapped by police 1 early today while reportedly in the act of breaking open a safe in Woolworth's five-and-ten-cent store, at 1113 H street northeast . Edward M. Van Meter, 1900 block of Seventeenth street, and Robert E. O’Connor, 31, of the 1300 block of Thir- teenth street, were arrested by Police- men R. R. Klotz and J. J. Cullinane, who were attracted to the scene by the sound of hammering inside. They crept up on the two men unnoticed, and took them into custody without resistance. _ The officers were cruising in a police scout car from the ninth precinct when attracted to the store. They said the alleged cracksmen had gained entrance to the establishment by cutting the iron bars from a window. At Work 20 Minutes. Cullinane said one of the men sald they had been working on the safe about 20 minutes beforg the officers ar- rived and would have had it open in a | few more minutes. The two were un- armed, but had with them a large and varied assortment of tools used for cut- ting and drilling, police said. Both men were booked for investiga- tion while police checked up on theit | past activities with a view to linking them with other safe breakings. Van Meter, the older of the two men, ‘was said by police to be the father of a 3-month-old child. No rgcords con- cerning him were found on file at police | headquarters. O'Connor, however, admitted that he was the James Robert O'Connor who served a term in Atlanta Penitentiary following his conviction on a charge of manslaughter in the death here in 1924 of Charles F. Jarvis. Police records showed also that the man had been arrested on a number of minor charges. Melvin Christian, night manager of & gasoline station at 2618 Pennsylvania avenue, was held up early today and robbed of $80 by two armed men who Es‘faped from the scene in an automo- . Tailor Shop Robbery. Harry Shapiro, proprietor of a tailor shop at 5506 Second street, was robbed of $5 late yesterday by a firm but con- | siderate young robber, who refused to take more than the $5 despite the fact Shapiro offered him $13, the entire amount on hand. “I_am not a regular hold-up man, but I have got to have money, so hand it over.” the man told Shapiro. but then explained he only needed $5. Washington gave as it has never giv- en_before.” Jobholders, facing retrenchments in their family budgets, were urged to !stick to their pledges to contribute to the Chest. Mr. Street’s report of the Chest's 1932 activities was illustrated with a series of lantern slides. He said there were increases in service “all alcng the battle front of service in 1932 as compared with 1931.” He listed these increases as follows: Families cared for by welfare agen- | cies, 27 per cent. Number of cases of homeless and transients receiving case work or trav- €l service, 297z per cent. Homeless and transient individuals receiving material relief, 79 per cent. Amount of relief to homeless and transient perscns, 144 per cent. Number of meals served homeless and transient persons. 185'z cent, and number of night lodgings given them, 96.8 per cent. Old persons cared for in homes for the aged, 3 9-10 per cent. Days care given children in Com- munity Chest institutions, 6 per cent. Days care given free patients in Chest hospitals, 3 4-10 per cent. Visits to clinics and dispensaries, 16_3-10 per cent. Individuals served in mental hygi- ene clinics, 47 per cent. Public health nursing visits to sick people in their own homes, 11 7-10 per cent. On the other hand a decrease in service was shown in one activity. This was in the days care furnished in day nurseries, which dropped by 2 per cent from the 1931 figure. This was at- tributed by Mr. Street to unemploy- ment of mothers and fathers. He urged continued and greater ef- fort than before by Chest workers and said that “we must be social engi- neers, engaged in social invention, to handle the problems of a_civilization overly complicated by mechanical in- vention.” ‘The report of the Budget Commit- tee, made by Mr. Evans, was read by Mr. Street, in the amsence of the com- mittee chairman, due to illness. Trustees Are Elected. Joseph D. Kaufman presented the report of tife Nominating Committee, and the following were unanimously elected to the Board of Trustees as representing contributors: Grace Abbott, Lt. Col. Atwood, Dr. Frank W. B Bellows, Mr: A. Birgfeld, Dr. E. A. Bococ . Booker, Mrs. Prederick H. Brooke, Mrs. | Thomas Edwin Brown, Gov. Thomas E. Campbell, Wilbur J. Carr, John W. Childress, Dwight 'Clark, George J. Cleary, Judge James A. Cobb, Edward F. Colladay, James E. Colliflower, John Colpoys, Mrs. Wilson Compton, Mrs. Coralie P. Cook, W. S. Corby, James A. Ccuncilor, Rev. W. L. Darby, Fred- eric A. Delano, Charles Eliot, 2nd; Joshua Evans, jr., W. W. Everett, Wm. J. Flather, jr.; Robert Rev. James E. Freeman, J. man, C. C. Glover, ir.; Mrs. Charles A. Goldsmith, E. C. Graham, Col. U. 8. Grant, 3rd.; Mrs. Cary Grayson, Rev. Dr. Francis J. Haas, Col. West A. Ham- ilton, John H. Hanna, Dr. John R. Hawkins, Arthur Hellen, Mrs. Archibald Hopkins, Dr. D. C. Howard, Coleman Jennings, Samuel H. Kauffmann, Jos- eph D. Kaufman, Wayng Kendrick, John Koons, Dr. Jas. P. . W. Libbey, T. P. Littlepage, Sidney B. Lust, Arthur D. Marks, Lanier P. McLachlen, , Rt Rev. John M. McNamara, Lowell Mel- lett, W. W. Millan, Dr. Kelly Miller, Walter Mitchell, jr. ery, Dr. Harold Hewitt Myers, A. G: Neal, Dr. P. Neill, Newbold Noyes, Mrs. John Jay O’Connor, Eleanor _Patterson, Allen Pope, Walter S. Pratt, Luther Reichelderfer, H. 3 Henry O. 1l H. Thom, 8. ‘Thom) Hugh Thriff, Mrs. Charles Tomp- . P. Tumulty, John P. Victory, Ennalls Waggaman, Capt. Chester ls, W. W. Wheeler, Garnett C. Wil- kinson, Mrs. John R. Williams, . age sales in such stores. , George charge Pictured aboye are the two allege PLEDGE LOYALTY 10 “B0YS' WEEK” Seven Youths Call Upon| Reichelderfer Marking Ob- servance’s Opening. Seven boys, representing the boys’ organizations of Washington, called on Dr. Luther H. Reichelderfer, president of the Board of District Commissioners, | this morning and pledged their loyalty | to the city to mark the opening of | Washington's observance of National | Boys’ week. Speaking for the children, Karlton W. Pierce, 16, of 2208 Lawrence street northeast, senior patrol leader, Boy Scout Troop No. 12, told the Commis- sioner the boys of the city are confl- dent the interest displayed in them by civic and municipal organizations will result in better citizenship in future. | More Advantages Seen Now. Dr. Reichelderfer replied, pointing out boys nowadays have far more ad- vantages than when he was young. He urged them to take their duties and responsibilities seriously. Besides Pierce, the delegation was composed of Henry Smith, 11, representing the Neighbor- hood House; Robert Foster, 10, Y. M. | C. A: Eugene Smith, 13, and Wilbur Ellwell, 16, both of Northeast Boys' Club; Prank Gordon. 14. Washingtdn | Boys' Club, and Dick Torreyson, 12, Georgetown Boys’ Club. The boys were presented to Dr.| Reichelderfer by Joseph D. Kaufman, member of the Board of Trade, spon- soring the observance here, and of the | board of the Washington Boys' Club. Following the visit to the District | Building & group representing the Washington Boys' Club, led by Charles | M. Fyfe, executive director, called on | Maj. Emest W. Brown, superintendent of police. Attend Theater Show. Earlier in the morning, about 600 boys atended a free show the Fox Theater, where they heard Harrison E. Howe, member of the sponsoring Trade Board Committee, outline the purposes of National Boys’ week. Featured during the week will be athletic programs, special services in the churches, health programs, meet- ings of civic clubs dedicated to boys | and the Golden Gloves Tournament for | boy boxers, by the Amateur Athletic Union. TWO BEER LICENSES REVOKED BY CITY HEADS | Two temporary permits for. the sale | of beer were revoked yesterday by the| District Commissioners on a finding | that the stores were located in resi- dential areas. The holders of the permits were the Great Atlantic & Pacific Tea Co., which operates a store in the 2000 block of First street, and Lena Wisenberg, 1400 block of C street northeast. The action was taken on recommendation of the Beverage Permits Board. Stores which were operated prior to adoption of zoning in the District are | permitted to continue in operation so | long as the building is suitable for use under a “non-conforming” zoning clas- sification. The Commissioners, however, | in their beer regulations, fbarred bever- | The two per- mits were issued due to misconception of the zoning in the two cases, it was explained. WILLETT WILL SPEAK Addresses Association of Oldest In- | habitants Wednesday. Herbert L. Willett, jr., assistant di- rector of the Community Chest, will address the Association of Oldest In- His address will be illustrated by 1 tern slides. The meeting will start promptly at 7:30 p.m. at the old Union En"ge!ne House, Nineteenth and H streets. ed cracksmen arrested early today after being trapped in a five-and-ten-cent store at 1113 H street northeast. At the top, Po- lice Capt. Richard Mansfleld (center) is shown questioni O'Connor (left) and Edward M. Van Meter. Below are pictured the collection of tools seized by ninth precinct police at the time of the arrest. the men, Robert E. —Star Staff Photo. PARLEY DUE TODAY ON COMMISSIONERS Farley May See President, but Selection Is Unlikely Before Next Week. Postmaster General Farley may be in a position to take up with President Roosevelt this afternoon the selection o‘f‘ two civilian Commissioners for this city. This was the Postmaster Generals intention yesterday. He has been study- ing the qualifications of the various candidates. Even if he is in a posi- tion today to make any recommenda- tion to the President, or even lay be- fore him the list of several he considers qualified, it is thought doubtful that the President will announce any ap- pointment to the Board of Commission- ers before next week. Mr. Farley's task in this connection has not been an easy one, principally because of the large field of candidates and his personal lack of knowledge of character and experience as well as the background of more than 40 men and women whose names have been presented to him to consider in connec- tion with the commissionerships. It is known that the Postmaster General, in eliminating names of un- available persons, has found it neces- sary to call for the assistance of close friends who are more familiar with the qualifications of those proposed. It is known that the Postmaster Gen- eral has been so busy with other mat- ters that he has had little time to give undivided _attention to the local pat- ronage. However, with the assistance of others, he has cut down the list to about a half dozen. President Roosevelt has announced he is going to declare a moratorium on news at the White House from noon today until Monday morning, to catch up with accumulated routine business of his office and take a brief rest. o i BABY FOUND DEAD ‘The body of a baby girl, apparently stranged to death with a woman's | stocking, was found today in an area- way in the rear of the 1600 block of Seventeenth street. ‘Wrapped in a Wednesday afternoon newspaper, the infant, only a few days old, was discovered by a colored man. The bundle, tied with a corset string, was lying beside a rubbish can. Informed of th ediscovery by the col- ored man, Thomas Brown. 6815 Eighth street, manager of a Sanitary Grocery Co. store at Seventeenth and R streets, summoned police. An investigation was begun immedi- ately by Detective Sergt. John C. Dal- glish and Acting Coroner A. Magruder MacDonald. CITY NEWS IN BRIEF. ‘TODAY. Luncheon, Harvard Club, University Club, 1:15 p.m. Community _dance, Langley Junior High School, First and T streets north- east, 8:30 pm. Meeting, Biological Society of Wash- ington, Cosmos Club, 7:30 p.m. Dance, Zets Chi Sorority, Indian Spring Country Club, 10 p.m. party, Potomac Auxiliary Card No. 1085, V. F. W. Soldiers, Sailors and streets, | Marines’ Club, Eleventh and L 8 pm. Card party, benefit Sacred Heart Home, Hyattsville, Md., 8 p.m. Meeting, League for the Larger Life, 916 Sixteenth street, 8 p.m. Dinner meeting, Worshipful Masters of 1933, Hamilton Hotel, 6:30 p.m. Dinner and smoker, Government Printing Office Alumni, Mayflower Hotel, 7 pm. Card party, Silver Hill School, Md,, 8 pm. Meeting, Socialist Study Club, 212 H street, 8 p.m. DEAN ACKERMAN Dean Carl W. Ackerman of the Co- lumbia University School of Journalism, declared here today that George Ber- nard Shaw uttered a “deliberate lie” re- garding the press on his recent visit to this country. The statement to which he took ex- ception was the Irish author’s quoted that “in all civilized countries CHARGES SHAW LIED IN COMMENT ON U. S. PRESS| Columbia Leader Scores Publicist for Saying Newspapus' Conceal the Truth. gent and knew how to draw s dis- tinction between Shaw, the dramatist, and Shaw, the publicist, it would not be necessary for us to mention this in- dictment,” said Dean Ackerman. “But there are far too many Americans who believe the rumors they hear rather than the news they read, and these mle believe Shaw. I think we should his iies, or the lies of any other critic, when they are GALAXIES AS WELL AS UNIVERSE HELD 10 BE EXPANDING Dr. Gunn of Naval Laboratory Attacks Baffling Prob- lem of Universe. THREE DIMENSIONS GIVEN PHYSICAL SOCIETY iHow Dense Mass of Creation Was Shattered by Centrifugal Force Billions of Years Ago. BY THOMAS R. HENRY. A new mathematical solution of the baffing problem of the expanding uni- verse was presented before the Amer- ican Physical Society, meeting at the 'l;urenu of Standards here yesterday, by r. Gunn, ph; D:ioas"h hmr‘&f;flcm of the Naval . Gunn made ‘a direct ati the puzzle which arises from glc: 0‘:3 served fact that creation—our own Milky Way Galaxy with its billions of stars like the sun and the thousands of other similar galaxies removed from it by millions of light years of space— 8 expanding at an enormous rate. It was first observed by Dr. Edwin A Hubble, astronomer of the Carnegie Institution of Washington at the Mount Wilson Observatory, who found spec- troscopic_evidence “that the other ga- laxies - were moving away from the point of observation on this earth at & rate proportional to their distance. This rate is approximately 100 miles ~ per second per million light years. A light year is the distance covered in L3 year by light moving at approximately 180,000 miles a second. Galaxies—a galaxy is an island-like conglomeration of billions of stars—2 000,000 light years away from the earth are receding at a Tate of 200 miles a second: those 3,000.- 000 light years away at & rate of 300 mn_ig;_a secg]nd, and so on. is problem has been Einstein, Wilhelm Desilll.r"alcnkded t}blz Abbe LeMaitre in different ways, but all involving concepts of hyperdimen- sional space which is inappreciable to the human senses. Gunn has eyolved an explanation which involves only the 1.amunr three dimensions. His ex- blanation comes closer to that of Le- Maitre than to any of the others, but dispenses with the somewhat mystical concept of the original atom which was spaceless and timeless and which ex- ploded, creating time and space. Universal Phenomenon. Gunn's defense of. his solution it fits as well or better than nny’gl";‘;: others the actual speeds of cosmic ex- pansion as observed by Hubble and makes it a universal phenomenon. Not only all creation but the separate gal- axies themselves, including the Milky Way galaxy, are expanding, he says. The cosmic motion of the solar system itself, evidence for which was pre- sented before the National Academy of Sciences this week, may be associaf B‘lth this galactic' expansion, he be- eves. In the beginning. Gunn told the phy- sicists. all the mass of creation Duy:'u packed densely together in one pri- meval body. It was intensely hot. It was revolving at a terrific rate, getting* faster and faster. Finally the speed of Tevolution grew too fast for the mass to stay together. The centrifugal forces broke it into millions of enor-_ mous pieces. This, he calculates, hap- pened about 5,000,000,000 years ago. Now, Gunn explained to the physi- cists, one side of each of the broken Off masses come from the outside of the primeval mass. The other side came from the inside. The inside, due to the tremendous heat generated by gravity in such a mass, was much hotter than the outside. So the broken off mass was much hotter, perhaps twice as hot, on one s oher ne side as on the Energy and Mass Same. Now a hot body radiates energy. Energy and mass are different wgyw |of the same thing. The more energy it radiates the more mass it loses. The heat and light we get from the sun are bits of the sun itself, and in a few billion years, it has been calcu- lated, the sun will have radiated itself ]a‘"a‘iem nothing. The hotter a body 3 more energy—and con. mnr;;rs—lt ;“ndhzes,gy S om this Gunn comes bacl fact that his great cosmic l’r‘ag"g);xhu: are thermically asymetrical—hotter on one side than on the other. Each ome of them was many billions of times the mass of our sun. A single one of them, for instance, contained all the billions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy, including the sun itself and "“’r‘}? planets. is was radiating perhaps twic much energy in one dxg:cnolt’n‘u Kt.h‘: other. Now such a radiation would have the same eflect as the explosions of & rocket, which are merely explosive and intermittent rather than contin- uous radiations. It would drive the radiating body in the direction opposite to that in which the greatest force was applied. In this case it would be away from some hypothetical center of grav- ity. The forces involved in the radia- tions of such enormous bodies were such as to bafle the human imagina-* tion. Like & vast number of sky rockets the fragments of creation scattered into the vast !ur:}glm&s of eternity. But, according to another weil known physical law, an unequally heated body a tendency to get into thermic equilibrium. When one end of an iron bar is heated in the course of time the whole bar will heat up, and the tem- perature throughout wtrl be equal. This also was happening to the cosmic frag- ments. Besides radiating into space the heat of the hottest side was diffusing toward the cooler side. In the course of time the heat on both sides—and consequently the outward radiation on both sides—would be equal and opposite and there would be no force pushing the galaxies outward. Still Rushing On. THis stage may have arrived a few million years ago or it may be still |in the future. At any rate, observa- jtions show that the cosmic fragments still are rushing outward. But once started, a body tends to move continu- ously in a straight line until something stops it. The further apart the cosmic fragments get the more independent they become of the pull toward the universal center of gravity. Not only does the principle apply to the universe as a whole, Gunn sald. but it is working on a small scale close to home and explains the behavier of the Milky Way galaxy. There is ob- servational evidence—and this is the first time this ever has been pointed | out—that the stars are getting further !and further apart, he said. Another bit of evidence was presented rding the cosmic motion of the m;-r system. The sun was shown to be moving southward—Dr. Gunn said —at a mate of :fiproxlmnul! 130 miles If this observation is ac cepted, Gunn maintained, it would indi. cate the sun itself is hotter on its north than on its south side, and is being pushed southward by the force D!me northerly directed radiation. o riginal separation of the cosmic ! mass presumably was into the fra ments now represented the galaxies themselves. Each one of these had to split up into billions of suns. ‘The indication is, according to Gunn’s culeu- lations, that each of them repeated the. history of the cosmic mass