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a / 9 The Veterans March Again! Today there is mobilizing throughout the country the forces that will Move on Washington in another bonus march—many.of them are today not’ only veterans of the imperialist wars but veterans of Anacostia Field, from whence they were driven by fire and sword. ‘The new bonus march is scheduled to reach Washington on May 12. Enlisting in this movement are thousands of veterans of the World War, the Philippine Insurrection, the Boxer Rebellion, the Mexican Bor- der campaigns. More than this, these veterans are taking up the fight for the veterans of the Civil War and their dependents who are also vic- tims of the Roosevelt bludgeon. Many of these did not engage the enemy, the Wall Street hunger and war government, the last time, because they were misled into believing such action would result in their losing their compensation. Now they have been cut off anyway by the “economy” program of Roosevelt who slashed some $450,000,000 from pensions and compensation funds. Every class conscious worker, every fighting farmer, everyone being ground down under the flerce attacks of the hunger government upon our standards of life, should rally to the support of the veterans in their fight to compel the robber government to keep its promises and give them their back pay. The veterans mean business. The administration forces know it and fear it. As ‘soon as Washington got wind of the preparations for the new march, machinery was set in motion to try to head it off. The demo- cratic congressman, Patman, from Texas, who supported in words the Jast bonus march, thinking it would be good political capital in the elec- tion campaign, now carries out the policy of the Democratic Party enun- ciated at Chicago when the convention that nominated Roosevelt refused to insert a bonus plank in the platform. He, like all the rest of the Roose- velt gang, are now endeavoring to starve the veterans and joins with the capitalist press in calling them “blackmailers” when they ask the gov- ernment to pay them what it owes them. Patman has promised to do everv‘hine he can to “discourage” another march. Another deceptive move was that of Senator Robinson of Indiana, who introduced a rider to the currency inflation bill for $2,000,000,000 to certain former soldiers. This was less than half the amount required to Pay the bonus. Robinson, notorious former Ku Klux Klan governor of Indiana, has never been known as other than one of the most vicious enemies of every demand of the masses. But the government does not rely upon one method alone. strives to put its own agents at the head of the bonus march, so they will be in a better position to betray it. . For this purpose the government- inspired press is giving columns of publicity to one John H. Newlin, who called himself an adjutant-general in the Bonus Expeditionary Forces, and also Harold F. Foulkard, who calls himself ‘a legislative agent, al- though he represents no one but himself. These two worthies, with two others, are trying to prevent the march. They called on Roosevelt Thurs- day and put forth three demands, saying if they were not met in two weeks they would encourage a new march. That was obviously an at- tempt to stop the march that is now already begun under the leadership of the National Veterans’ Liaison Committee, embracing posts of the Legion, the Veterans of Foreign Wars, the Workers’ Ex-Se:vicemen’s League and other organizations. These would-be leaders proposed a three- point program: (1) Immediate cash payment of the adjusted compensa- tion certificates to 2,000,000 unemployed veterans; (2) Preference in fed- eral, ‘city and state jobs for veterans; (3) Discharge from federal posi- tions of married women, whose husbands have federal jobs, to make Po- | sitions for veterans. | The first “demand” of those who are trying to aid Roosevelt carry out his drive against the veterans is calculated to divide the unemployed veterans from the others and to weaken the movement which demands full and immediate payment of the bonus to all veterans. The second and third are calculated to try to align those holding federal, city and state jobs against the veterans, and the third is calculated to antagonize federal employees against the veterans. All this is directed toward one aim—to try. to mobilize behind the government attack on the veterans all forces available. But even when these tricksters are defeated and discredited it is es- sential that the veterans exercise the greatest vigilance against others of their kind that will be brought forth by the government that, with the aid of the capitalist press, will try to manufacture leaders and foist them upon the veterans in order to divide and destroy the movement. As against this infamous trickery, this scheming against the veterans and against the toiling masses, there is being mobilized as a result of the call of the Veterans’ National Liaison Committee, the veterans for a march that will at once put forth the veterans” own demands and-show in'ac- tion that their fight is not against workers or farmers but 2 part of the whole struggle against the Wall Street program. These demands are: 1, Immediate payment of the balance due on adjusted service cer- tificates. ss 2, Immediate restoration of all rights wiped away by the Economy Act. “ 3.. Remedial and adequate relief for the unemployed and farmers. On the basis of these demands there is being built up a big united front movement that will stimulate to action the millions of veterans throughout the country, and compel the government to pay the veterans what-it owes them. , Ae Congress in Defense of Jim -Crowism ‘The Communist Party and the International Labor Defense in their defense of the nine innocent Scottsboro boys ripped away the mask that concealed the jim-crow exclusion of Negroes from all elementary civil Tights. When the defense attorneys of the International Labor Defense made the demand for the right of Negroes to sit-on the jury, a basic issue in the trial, they struck at the-very heart of the oppression of the Negro people. How powerful was this attack on the jim-crowism of the American ruling class is now evidenced by the action of Judge James A. Lowell of Boston who refused extradition to Virginia of George Crawford, a Negro, on the ground that Negroes are not permitted to serve on juries in that state. So resolute has been the demand of the masses, led by the Communist Party and the I. L. D., that Negroes be permitted to sit on juries, that judges, the very heart of the capitalist judicial system, can no longer escape it, The demand for the right of Negroes to sit on juries can no longer be ignored. The action of Judge Lowell is an indication of how taighty this demand has become. But. equally significant is the reaction of Congress to this action of Judge Lowell. This Congress, which found no time to consider the most Vital needs of the masses, that paid not the slightest attention to the Scottsboro lynch verdict,—this Congress reacted with lightning speed. to Judge Lowell's decision. Hardly had the decision. * ~ made public, than by an overwhelming vote, Congress voted ~ —umediate investigation. Lowell's decision aroused a storm 0) ..cerness and denunciation. On this question, the Tepresentatives showed remarkable unanimity, regardless of Party affili- ation. The delegation from the East voted solid for an investigation. Nothing could be more revealing. The demand for elementary civil rights for the Negro people is a demand which strikes not only against the slaveocracy of the Southern landlords, but against the whole capitalist rule in America. _ And Congress leaps at once to its defense! Martial Law Against uprising. a the court room of Judge C. C. Brad- ley, one of the worst agents of the bankers and insurance in handing down orders for foreclosures of farm mortgages. The judge insolently told the farmers it was his cow Militant Iowa Farmers ei DENI! ward form Teast six , owa, April 28.—In a new outbreak in the movement to- against foreclosures here a state investigator and at gun company of 100 men to take charge of the area affected by the latest outbreak of the impoverished against the hunger o———. Mars and the pap- shrieking that the movement farmers is growing into an Evietion Judge : Seine ‘The high point of the farmers’ rations at LeMars was reach- when a group of them invaded particular reason to show respect for | 2 person whose whole time has rec- jently been taken up with issuing orders to drive them off their land. Instead of removing their hats they seized the judge, took him to the edge of the town, smeared him with irtroom ought to take off their and they and then when he began whining hats and show “respect” for him.| and asking to pray, they took off ‘The farmers thowght there was nohis pants and let back It also | Daily Central Org orker (Section of the Communist International) : L ———— ee SPECIAL SUNDAY MAY FIRST EDITION OF THE DAILY WORKER! es: Vol. X, No. 103 HH Entered as sovomd-cloos matter at the Post Office at New York, N, ¥., under the Act of March $, 1878. NEW YORK, SATURDAY, APRIL 29, CITY EDITION 1933 Price 3 Cents SENATE DEFEATS | VET BONUS BY ROOSEVELT ORDER. Bonus March Reaches. Washington May 12 | to Demand Payment WASHINGTON, D. C., April 28. | —Upon the order of Senator Robinson, Arkansas, represent- ing the administration, the senate defeated the rider to the infla- tionary bill, providing for the im- mediate payment of the bonus in inflated currency by a vote of 60 to 28. The bill which would have paid the veterans in money, greatly @preciated in value, was put for- ward by anti-Roosevelt senators to serve a double purpose, viz: .te embarass the administration and to try and stem the growing Bonus March response by making the vets think they are their friends, ° Cleon | NEW YORK.—President Roosevelt has decreed a cut of 15 per cent in the pay of enlisted min who start at $21,000 a month. This cut is wherc the “Economy’ of the administrat: is really being carried out. The offi cer corps have been increased an¢ new cruisers are being built. Th pay of the soldier for whom it is 2 military offense to even petition against his wrongs, is cut as is that | of other poorly paid government em- | Pployees. | Roosevelt issued a statement that| the cost of food, clothing, shelter, light and heat had reduced since 1928 | about 25 per cent as justification of| the cut. These items are not paid for by the soldiers at any time and therefore the drop in prices is. of benefit to the government. The sol- dier pays for laundry, toilet, supplies, ete. These items have come down only four tenths of one per cent ac a-group since 1928. In addition the! findhnce records of the army show | that many soldiers have to seid a large part of theirp ay to their fam- ilies who are unemployed. ROOSEVELT HAS POWER 10 CUT - GOLD IN DOLLAR WASHINGTON, April 28—The “cmate today authorized President Roosevelt to derease the go" content cf the dollar by 50 per cent. The vote on this section of the Thomas infia- tion was 53 for and 35 against. Since this section was considered to have caused the greatest opposition, the wassage of the gold reduction clause ; makes the passage of the entire Tho- ; Mas amendment a certainty. The Thomas amendment provides “or inflationary machinery for the | expansion of many billions in credit and currency. Together with the Emergency Bank Act, the Roosevelt administration will have power for an unlimited inflation. Accepts Silver For War Debts The Senate also voted to accept $200,000,000 in silver payment for war debts. This silver will be used to coin money or as backing for new paper currency. Glass Approves Greenbacks The opposition to the claim giving the president the power to reduce the gold content of the dollar was lead by Senator Glass of Virginia. Glass meade @ speech in which he analyzed the Thomas amendment. The section which provides for the issuance of $3,000,000,000 of paper currency to be used to meet governinent obligations he found “the least objectionable.” It is not to inflation as such that Senator Glass objects, Predicts Uncontrolled Inflation be elite leading authority on a ig and finance matters, oj d the bill because he realized that it contains all the elements of uncon- trolled inflation. He pointed out that the credit expansion program of the Thomas amendment is doomed to failure, since there is no way in which bank credit can be forced into com- merce. The credit expansion program of the Federal Reserve Banks under | Hoover was a failure for this reason. Glass then showed that once the inflationary machinery of the Thomas amendment is started, there is no pi coat it can be stopped. He des- a e inflation rogram Roosevelt administration. te. git bridled.” May 1 Proclaimed Workers’ Holiday in Crosby, Minn. CROSBY, Minn., April 28,—Emil | Nygard, Communist Mayor, has) proclaimed May First as a workers’ holiday. The mayor's proclama- tion, makes the International Day ee of all toilers, an offical this town. holiday in® Senator Glass, who is considered | THE SENIOR GUARD SeBy. Burek? Clarance Senior \ nat! executive secretary | ‘of the Sotialist Party D. Attorney Rushes to See Scottsboro Boys Labor Defense Demands Halt to Mi:tre:tment of Negro Boys; Calls for Protest! BIRMINGHAM, .Ala., April 28. — The Southern office of the Interna- tional Labor Defense announces that Gen. George W. Chamlee of Chatta- nooga, Tenn., chief Scottsboro coun- |sel, is on his way here to demand | Safety. for. the nine innocent Negro | boys and a céssation of mistreatment | of them by prison guards. | Chamlee will at the same time de- mand that the boys be*permitted to receive the scores of visitors who have | been refused admission to the prison |by the warden and that the batches of mail which they. haye received om workers all over the country be turned over to them at once. Cran ia) | “Lives in Danger. NEW YORK.—Reports to the In- ternational Labor Defense here indi- cate that the lives of the Scottsboro boys are in extreme danger, with the likelihood that the prison authorities are attempting to provoke the lads |into acts which would “justify” a | murderous assault upon them. The I. L. D. in a statement today denounced the capitalist press re- ports of “Scottsboro mutinies” as pro- vocations, at the same time praising the militancy of the Negro boys and their determination to force the prison authorities to permit visitors and mail, rights which the warden is seeking to take from them. The statement pointed out that the boys should intensify mass activity in connection around the Scottsboro March on Washington. Protest to Governor. The I. L. D., which has been con- ducting an.international fight for the Scottsboro boys for the past two years calls upon all workers to wire at | once to Governor B. M. Miller of Ala- bama holding him responsible for the safety of the boys, sending similar | protests to President Roosevelt. Scotts Phil. ‘oro Meeting: in’ Sunday to Hit Attack Upon the Boys ° - | PHILADELPHIA, Pa., April 28—| A demand thet the attacks upon the! Scottsboro boys confined in the Jef-| ferson county prison in Birmintham cease, and that the boys be freed, will be made at a Scottsboro meeting to be held here Sunday afternoon at 3 o'clock in the Standard Theatre, So. and 12th Street. Prominent local labor representa- tives, clergymen, and speakers for the ILD, which is arranging the meeting, will appear. Prior to the meeting a large delegation will demand that Mayor Moore order the chief of po- lice to “keep hands off” the meeting and cease threats to prevent the persecution of the innocent Negro! mecting fram taking place, 28.—Another Japanese “advisor” to the Manchukuo government has adopted a threatening attitude to- wards the Soviet Union in the Chi- nese Eastern Railway dispute. He ultimatively declared that “if the Sov- iet government does not return the railway’s rolling stock by May 10, the Manchukuo government will take de- cisive steps.” SHANGHAI, April 28.—Part of the | Japanese troops withdrawn from fxe | Sew Thru Steel Gate at French Auto Plant and Hold | Strike Meet PARIS, April 28—Striking work- ors in the huge Citroen auto factory sawed through a steel gate and broke into the plant, where some of the workers had returned to work after a three-week lockout. They pulled the workers out of the shops and held ® demonstration against pay cuts in the factory yard. Police summoned by the plant management met with determined re- sistance on the part of the workers. More than twenty strikers were ar- Tested by the police, Manchukuo’s Japanese “Advisor” Issues an Ultimatum Japanese Troops Concentrated “for Attack on Peiping; Chinese Peasants Fight Back —_—____. CHANG-CHUN, Manchuria, April -Tientsin area, in the Lwan River tri- to U.S.S.R. angle, are being rushed to Kupei Pass in the Great Wall, gateway to Peip- ing, to engage the strong Chinese forces entrenched there. As the Jap- anese evacuated the Lwan River area, Chinese troops re-occupied the region. The Chinese forces north of Peip- ing and Tientsin have lost 9,000 dead and an untold number wounded dur- ing the fighting of the past fow days, according to an official communique of the Chinese army command. The activity of Chinese irregulars in Manchuria, behind the Japanese lines, is on the increase, and Ja>anese Manchukuoan forces fighting them have had to be reinforced. Menceing Editor | Rote Fahne Escapes From Nazi Prison: BERLIN. — Ernst Schneller, member of the Central Committers) of the Communist Party of Ger-| many, managing editor of the) Rote Fahne, and Reichtag Deputy, has escaped from Berlin Police Headquarters, where he was taken from prison for cross-examination. Tf MOONEY CONGRESS DELEGATES ARRIVING OVER 2,000 EXPECTED AT BIG CHICAGO MEET WHICH OPENS SUNDAY: HUNDREDS OF UNIONS THRUOUT US. REPRESENTED Chicago Coliseum Demonstration May Day Night Will Hail the | Mooney Congress; Meet Is Symbol of United Front Action Louis B, Scott, Mooney’s Personal Representative, Denounces Frank P. Walsh Tactics in San Francisco “trial” CHICAGO, April 28.—Converging on Chicago from every point in the United States, more than 2,000 delegates are expected when the “Free Tom Mooney Congress” opens here on Sunday at 1 o‘clock. The Congress will last three days, but will adjourn for the Chicago May Day celebration Monday afternoon. A capacity audience of at least 25,000 —with the possibility of an overflow meeting—is expected at the greatest mass ratifi- cation meeting for the Congress to be held May Day night in the Chicago stadium. -A tentative program for the Free? a * Tom Mooney Congress as out-|Morss Lovett, Reinhold Niebuhr, strong delegation, backed by W Solid lh at ahater F -|Clarence Hathaway, A. Muste, Franz | united front of Socialist, A. F. of L, jlined by the eastern section of | Haniel and William L. Patterson. |and Communist groups. ‘The area jthe national management committee,| Louis B. Scott, personal representa- around Chicago will furnish hun- | calls for a broad fight for the release | tive of Tom Mooney, today declared dreds of delegates and New York will Jof ail class-war prisoners, including | that the Mooney Congress will be be represented by 83 delegates. |Tom Mooney, the Scottsboro boys,|«the largest and most significant of | “We eke j Angelo Herndon, and the Tallapoosa its kind”. One hundred delegates | ue NN have eo been | representing the Detroit auto and | N. ¥. Delegates Leave |Sentenced to long prison terms in| other trades, as well as large delega- : 5 | Dadeville, Ala. | tions from Cleveland, including A. F.| NEW YORK. — Eighty-three del” | the Mconey Congress will take up |of 1, members, are arriving for the |Sates, representing a large number | three main points: Congress, ‘ trade unions and fraternal organiza- | 1. How to win freedom for Mooney | A large delegation is due to arrive | tions, left here by bus today “for | and Billings. | today from California, and the entire | Chicago to attend the Free = | 2. How to free other working-| country reports tremendous May Day |COBgress which opens on Sunday. | | class prisoners, inéluding the Scotts- | gemonstrations prepared with the| aad pictepeni nae eth horo boys. \central slogan being “Free Tom |Sendoff last night 3. How to protect the rights of |Mooney and the Scottsboro Boys". |™Ass meeting which filled the Bromx | workers to meet, carry on their own ” Raps Walsh Tactics. [Coliseum press, organize, etc. Mooney’s personal representative, | é ea |, The national management commit- | seott, upon learning the details of| Rap “Trial” Delay tee for the Free Tom Mooney Con-|the Mooney trial maneuvers in San| SAN FRANCISCO, April 28—The Sress includes John Dewey, Roger N.|Prancisco, sharply criticized the |Tom Mooney Molders Defense Com~ 3aldwin, William Z. Foster, Robert | statement made by Frank P. Walsh|mittee today issued the following i jin court that “these people (the/ statement in connection with the ‘COLORFUL MEETS | workers demonstrating) are not Yeal| postponement of the new “trial” for : Lt WY) friends of Tom Mooney”. Scott! Mooney. | | branded this as “capitulation to le-| « nis-treatment of Tom Mooney, WI |galism and the hypocritical policy of |canously ignoring his rights, is a | AT NIGHT ND | those leaders of the A. F. of L. and)sample of the treatment which | j |the Socialist Party who have consist-| Mooney has been receiving from the ently sabotaged the Mooney fight.” California bosses for years. If the Mass Support, workers of California staged this huge UP MAY FIRST. wir mati ..| backed by the mass pressure | demonstration, the Red Front Band | Minneapolis had 90 organizations re- | The. 264 organizations who.-.were | demonstration it is because the fight- represented at the May Day united|ing spirit of the workers is aroused front conferences have pledged to! by repeated violation of the rights-of take an active part in the Mooney | this ant working-class leader. Congress and to form a section in|”, ; : S ; tert | ‘We have no control over the-Cali- the May 1 patade, putting forward) roma workers, but their militancy the slogans in the Aght for Mooneys! win not end in spite of the Judce Pelenee: | War 2 whole corrupt govern- In spite of the fact that the of-| Ward and the whole corrupt g 4 | ment. ~ monstrat’ons d parades on May ficial leadership of the Amalgamated | "™, ts Be Nee Vick wine vill mas y | Clothing Workers of America has| “Blaming the demonstration “for pines lieth bc act Nk radig tat ic-|the postponemeat of the trial is rest, | turned down the invitation to partic-| the postp a : “St.|ipate, the rank and file has elected | merely a ruse to prevent the bringing (near Broadway, Brooklyn) at p.| two delegates to the Mooney Con-|0f Mooney from San Quentin’ to San te the Clocicie aecateas by | BF8 | Francisco, and another means of and m. for the ce!~bra! S avvangs ross. A in ‘the hope of crippling’ the istri -| Detroit held a -conference repre-| Gone a Mee Pariee imict of the Com-) ting 80 organizations and pro-|%™ass campaign in behalf of Tom. fl ri slegati go,| The fight to free Mooney will go on Immediately aftér the Union Square | ™ses a strong delegation at Chicago. | of the Pa geants, Prominent Speakers in N. Y. and Brooklyn NEW YORK.—Winding up a day of | entire country.” | will march to the Arcadia Hall, where | it will furnish the revolutionary music for the meetings. The Artef Dance Group will present a Dance-Peageant, | especially prepared for this occasion | various groups of choruses affil'=ted |to the Workers Music League will | sing, AL inelude Jack Stachel of the Trade Union Unity League, Carl’ W Secretary of the Greater Unemployed Councils; tor of the Jewish Communist Daily, “The Morning Freihet”; and Charles Alexander, director of Agitation and Propaganda of the New York District of the Communist Party. Admission at both celebrations will | publican Party of Italy, Italian work- Speakers at the Bronx Coliseum} ,| to the demonsirs | ever organized by the work presented at the Mooney Conference) é jand will also be well represented at} Joseph Goncalves of the ‘Book- |the consress. Even Winnipeg and binders’ Union, foreman of the Labor Montreal each will have a delegation. | Jury selected to sit in at the trial-and From Baltimore will come mem- barred by Judge Ward, declared: "The | bers of the molderers, garment work- | postponement of the trial is a delib- Jers, railroad carmen and Workmen’s|erate effort to deceive the workers ais Philadelphia will have a! and put the trial off indefinitely. Ford at Arcadia Hall | James Ford, candidate for vice- president on the Communist ‘tic!:2t in the last election will be the main speaker, Henry Shephard a Negro worker, candidate for licutenant-| Governor in the last elections will be | chairman, Nell Carrol of the Young} Communist League will also speak. | Colerful Pageant at Bronx Coliseum The Pageant at the Bronx Coliseum. dealing with the main demands of the workers on May First, 1933, has been prepared by the Workers Dance | League and will include the Red Dancers, the New Dance Group, the Dance Group of Nature Friends, Nee- die Trades, I. W. O., Junior Red/| Dancers, Labor Sports Union and the American Youth Dance Group. Th galaxy of costumes and extén-| sive lighting effects will make this} years pageant the mosts colorful pre- | sentation ever arranged at any work- ing class mass demonstration in New York. The peagant will present Amer- jica Today with its unemployment problem, the exploitation of the work- ers in the shops, children being poi- soned with capitalist propaganda in} the schools, the homeless youth, the terror against Negro workers, the plight of the farmers, the police in| action and the determination of all| workers to unite in a common strug- | gle against these conditions. It will| present the struggles of the working} masses of Germany against Hitler's terror, Fascism and Anti-Semitism, and, as a contrast on this May First, it will show the building of the Sec- ond Five Year Plan in the Sovies Union, The Workers International 2and will furnish the music, Prominent Speakers Socialist Workers Urged to Join in Great United May 1 BULLETIN NEW YORK.—35 delegates repre- senting Italian labor organizations of varied political affiliation decided at a United Front Anti-Fascist Confer- ence Thursday night to march with their members in the United May Day parade, Among the organizations are Italian Socialist Party of [taly, | cialist movement, will indicate to the | capitalists, their government, ~ anid |“labor” agents, that the workers are united in ever greater numbersein | the struggle to defend their vital in« terests. * | ment who will be in the Socialist par |ade and meeting are urged by the left wing, Anarchists, Italian locals | United Front Committee to Temain of the Amalgamated Clothing Work- | in the Union Square—to defeat any ers of America and International | police provocation which Julius Ger= Ladies Garment Workers Union, Re- | ber has prepared with the poliée in | order to attack the workers who will |be there at 3:30 from the Sq 4 | The Col s of the two divisions NEW YORK—In view df the re-| the F-ont Parade reach Union time and the most neated refusals of the leaders of the | 39 Socialist Party of New York to join | 9: to the police aeree~ together with the United Front Ma by Juins Go-her of the Day Committee for one Joint Ne: lect] of New York mone'ration and Parete arovnd the | sod b on ef the workers immeriate ‘ssres thet the wovin~|'n the £ less beck. the Un'ted Front Mey Na~ | cy Committ-e av'n annen's ta the|- workers In the Safest Povty bron- ches and in the A. F. of L. Un'ons} “nion, to es*oblish sch a Unitad Action om Mav Day. The Committee vrzes al’ workers join the paredes end to co" ers clubs and others. y of + * . PTAINS MELTING Cc t ettend the final of the Ua’ .. Front May Day C: tt Gate Pot ae the broadest United Fro: get imstruetious, York. The demonstration and parade of the United Front May Day Commit- tee will bring 150,000 workers into the streets of New York. This number, ation must appoint ~ne captain for every 50 hers. Smaller organizations to” be thirty cents, augmented by the workers in the So. The workers of the Socialist moves (CONTINUED ON PAGE FRYE, i —s