Evening Star Newspaper, March 25, 1933, Page 6

THE E~ENINw ATAB, WASHINGTON, D. C., SATURDAY, MARCH 25, 1933. . the Washington embassy argues per-lloon to be named. This is not & par- . THE LIBRARY TABLE suasively that the Hitler rqgime is not | ticularly happy prospact for those who THE EVENING STAR With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. contemplating anything wild, at least | in the realm of foreign policy. The SATURDAY......March 25, 1933 chancellor's opening proglamation, un- THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th _St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York Office: 110 East 42nd St. Chicago Office: Lake Michigan Building. European Offce: i4 Regent St.. London, Encland. Rate by Carrier Within the City. .. .45¢ per month | " 60c per month Rate by Mall—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Daily and Sunday....1yr. $10.00: 1 mo., 85¢ Daily only {1yr. 36.00: 1mo.. 50c Bunday only 1yr, $4.00; 1mo..40c All Other States and Canada. Daily and Sunday...1yr. sl Daily only. E Bunday only ... yri, $8.00: 1mol. {1yrl $5.000 1mo. B0 Member of the Associated Press. iated Press 1s exclusively entitled epublication of il news dis- parchas ¢ 1o it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and also the local news published her=in. “All rights of publication of speciel dispatches herein_are also reserved. More Tax-Free Securities? ‘The Government 18 about to launch new bond issues running into the bil- lions of dollars to help lift the crush- ing burden of farm mortgages and to give work and food to the unemployed. Are these new Government bonds to be tax free? That is & quettion which the Roosevelt administration and the Congress must soon determine. It has been indicated by some of the sponsors of these measures of rellef that the bonds would be tax exempt. In other days big issues of Govern- ment bonds were put forth with the pro- viso that they should be free of taxa- tion. It was contended that because of the purposes for which they were is- sued, or because of the low interest rates which they bore, their purchasers should not be compelled to pay taxes. ‘Those were days when industry was thriving, when money sought investment in industrial stocks and bonds, sure of far larger returns than came from Gov- emment securitles. Today the boot is on the other leg. Money in large quan- tities is seeking investment in Govern- ment securities, first because the securi- ties are considered safer, second be- cause the earnings from industrials have fallen off enormously, and third because the owners of this wealth are able to | avoid the payment of taxes if it be in- | vested in Government bonds. Not only must the administration and the Congress consider their course 1n regard to the proposed new bond is- sues, but they must also give considera- tion to the refinancing of Government securities which will take place before long. There are sufficient reasons why a halt should be called on the further or future issue of tax-free Government securities. When the people realize that billions of wealth in this country goes scot free, so far as Federal and State taxes are concerned, because they are invested in Federal, State and municipal bonds, they are not likely to have sym- pathy with the further enlargement of this refuge from taxation now sought by many of the wealthiest persons in the country. It is difficult to justify, from the point of view of the taxpayer, the taxation of one billion dollars of the people’s wealth and the exemption from taxation of another billion. By just so much as the tax-free se- curities relieve part of the people from the burden of taxation the rest of the people must pay increased taxes. The| amount of tax-free securities in this| country today has reached lquenngi proportions, It is variously estl.mnted‘ that the total is between $23,000,000,000 | and $38,000,000,000, with the higher | figure probably more nearly correct. In the last Congress the present Sec- retary of State, Cordell Hull, then Sen- | ator from Tennessee, took a strong | stand against the issue of future tax- | free securities by the Federal, State and municipal governments. He intro- | duced a broad resolution proposing an | amendment to the Constitution, the ef- { fect of which would be to prohibit the issue of such tax-free securities. Sen- ator Ashurst of Arizona, chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, not only in earlier Congresses, but also in the present session, has offered similar resolutions. It is his purpose soon to appoint a subcommittee to consider the pending resolution to this effet and any others of the same character that may be introduced. Here is opportunity for the Roosevelt administration to take a firm stand in the matter of tax-free Government bonds. The more tax-free bonds the heavier the taxes will fall upon the wealth which does not find investment in Government securities and the heavier the taxes upon the incomes of persons who have not invested in Gov- ernment bonds. If this tax-free wealth today could be compelled to pay its share of the tax burden, the budget could be the more easily balanced with- out heavier taxation, or perhaps with | even lessened taxation, on the rest of the people. ————m— The confidence and determination with which the administration pro- ceeds is a reminder of the spirit in which the United States Government was founded. Uncle Sam started in early to demonstrate that the first requisite for solving problems is not to be afraid of them. —ore— Perhaps the most depressing feature of the income tax in the estimation of the plain paying citizen is the facility it affords an unscrupulous accountant to figure as an expert evasionist. c—te—s The New German Ambassador. ‘Washington is informed that Dr. Hans Luther, the bearer of a renowned name, is coming to the United States as the successor of the retiring Ger- man Ambassador, Dr. F. W. von Pritt- witz. Dr. Luther was only recently president of the Reichsbank at Berlin. Previous to holding that post he was finance minister in the Reich govern- ment and later, for a short period, chancellor. ‘Throughout his official ca- reer, Dr. Luther has stood for & sound German currency, stabilized on a gold value; for the strict payment, when | due, of all German private debts and | for every measurc necessary to keep | the credit of the Reich unimpaired and | above suspicion. Ticugh Dr. Luther will present his eredentials to President Roosevelt as der the new dispensation, carries cn its face, and to that extent merits cre- dence, the assurance that peace, not Germany's internatiq jl program. The United States § Wernment should find it easy to co-opamte with Ger- many through a modern statesman of Dr. Luther's background. He speaks English fluently. He comes from old democratic merchant stock. He is an one of his antecedents suggests that he will be able to talk at Washington not only in English, but the American lan- guage as well. Hitlerized Germany is about to go and Government of the United States have no concern with the system under which the Reich is ruled, so long as that system has due regard for the residents of Germany, m st live under it, and for the general international rights of this country. The practices and excesses which ushered in the Hitler dictatorship are inexpressibly re- pugnant to American ideals, but there is no reason why Dr. Luther's Ambas- sadorship at Wash:ngton should not set in amid a spirit of traditional good will toward the great people whom he will represent here. ——— et Growing Up. ‘What will be the effect of the present depression upon the mind of the Amer- ican people? That is the question which is taking precedence over all other problems in the estimation of thoughtful students of the trend of hu- man life in the United States. It is being discussed on every hand, but, of coutse, it is too early for any one to speak dogmatically on the subject. No one knows with any certainty what the harvest, good or ill, may be. Various suggestions are hazarded, some opti- mistic and some quite ctherwise. To the number may be added the presump- tively constructive and measurably helpful notion that possibly the slump may aid the people to mature, to grow up psychologically. In 1928 Dr. Joseph Collins of New York wrote a carefully ratlonalized essay on the “adult-infantilism” of the masses of the American Nation. Among other things, he said: Adult-infantilism is our chief de- ficiency as a people, our most con- £picuous national shortcoming. There is much to indicate it and not a little to prove it. It is responsible for more soclal maladjustment, more family dis- cord and more intellectual vagrancy than any disease, derangement cr other disharmony of mind and body. * * * We_are “adult-infants and we enjoy it. We do not experience pleasure or fulfillment in the thought that we are grown-up individuals prepared to meet struggle and hardship. We think that the “longer we remain impervicus to life's warning the luckier we are; that if life would cnly spare us its blows we would be happy. As it happens, life has changed since these words were penned, and the blows have fallen and are falling. Our luck momentarily has deserted us, and we have been forced into a more realistic conception of the duties and responsi- bilities of our existence in the werld. It is no longer feesible for adult men and women to think and act like chil- dren. The sorrow and suffering of the past three years have forced the people to grew up. Doubtless there was no other way for the leston to be taught. But what will be the result? What alterations in the thinking of the masses will there be? Granted that they will be more sober, more sedate, more mat- ter-of-fact, does that mean that the tempo of progress will be retarded, that people will be mere self-centered, more selfish, in the future than they have been in the past, and that a narrow, il- liberal egoism will replace the careless, largely instinctive and often utterly reckless humanism of more prosperous times? It may be worthwhile to re- member that the spirited exuberance, the vigorous thoughtlessness, even the prodigality of youth are values not utter- ly to be contemned. Perhaps it would be socially useful if the mental atti- tude of our “adult-infantilism” could be preserved and merely metemor- phosed, changed, led into less wasteful, less dangerous channels. The motor energy of the Natlon's youth was such a power. It would be & pity if it were to be completely annihilated. Of course, as Dr. Collins complained, our “crases” and “fads” were deplorable, our rest- lessness was an aggravation and our lack of stability an offense; our emo- tionalism, our intolerance of unorthodox vision, our militant quarrelsomeness and above all our gullibility were deeply to be regretted. But if growing up is to signify that we are to be mean and crabbed, stolid and dull, still violently intolerant and uncharitable, and rigidly unresponsive to the color, the glory and the richness of creation, we shall not have made any authentic gain in our struggle toward the ideal state of civili- zation. If the depression is to make vs a community of dullards and misers, it will be the saddest event in our history. It may be hoped that the pessimists are mistaken and that the elemental na- ture of the people is a finer, a better end & more durable thing, & more ef- fective endowment, than even the worst of slumps and the bitterest of punish- ments can destroy. ——————————— Al Capone intends to organize a big brewery business. Brewers have been solid, self-respecting citizens and it may be doubted whether he would be eligible to a new guild. ——————— “Miraculous” is the adjective applied by European statesmanship to what Uncle Sam is modestly inclined to refer to as & demonstration of plain common sense. 2 Starlings and Commissioners. Consideration of qualifications for the District commissionerships should in- clude the subject of ornithology, in view of resolutions that have lately been adopted by the Federation of Citizens’ Associations and at least one of the constituent organizations, asking the heads of the District government to make a study of the starling problem with a view to its solution. It has been indicated at the District Building that, although the retiring Commissioners are quite famillar with the habits of the avial residents of Washington, they have no definite plans for evicting them tig envoy of the new dictatonal gov- of Germany, his seledkion for and that the matter of their treatment must be left to the new incumbents, conflict, is to be the | gnote of Fascist | authority on municipal problems. Every | on trial before the world. The people | rights of American citizens who, as! are about to take over the municipal administration. Former Commissioners have tried to solve the problem, but wjthout success. Many devices have been adopted to scatter them from their downtown roosts, but the starlings have won every engagement. They have mocked at the Fire Department when it tried to sprinkle them out of the trees; they have jeered at bird lime and have been lulled to sleep by the tinkling strips of glass hung in some of their favorite perches. They have rejolced in their independence by their swooping, swirl- ing twilight flights over the business section. ‘They have chattered their scorn of laws and regulations, strate- gems and schemes. A new Board of Commissioners may find a ‘way to solve this question of the starlings. Perhaps the Smithsodian Institution or the Department of Agri- culture can contribute some valuable suggestions to the incoming municipal administrators. Maybe a counter- starling element can be introduced, though with the possibility that it in time will become a nuisance. This present pest has been: endured for some years with successive waves of public indignation and official per- plexity. Downtown Washington bears the scars of battle. New Government bulldings are rising to offer additional roosts for the gregarious feathered enemy, which shows no sign of de- Pletion. Assuredly those who are now being considered as possible Com- missioners should be put to the ques- tion on this point, which, despite the long duration of the issue, remains of vital consequence to local welfard, ————— A gentle tinge of humor pervades the comment of Secretary Woodin even when hard work is on hand. Financial conditions may be liberalized to & de- gree that will prevent one or two radio comedians from monopolizsing the fun concession. e Buch words as “bootleg” and “speak- easy” have been forcing themselves into polite usage. Recent legislation may have the desirable eftect of retiring them to their native underworld vocabulary. ———ee Desire to return to monarchy might imply an impression on the part of Germany that having tested out all kinds of trouble she might as well start | the list all over again. e—————— There is already a question about the employment of barmaids. If beer is really to be no more intoxicating than soda water, the matter has already been settled. R It was thought that Franklin D. Roosevelt would need a rest after the Summer's endeavor. It appears that the campaign was only a workout pre- vious to the great effort. A highly idealized state of civilization might eliminate some bf the suburban area taxation, and not permit & man to claim to be owning a farm unless he is able to run it. Congress has been able to take care of ideas more rapidly through the simple process of giving them out to it one at & time. —— e As United Btates Treasurer, Nellie Tayloe Ross will be complimented to an unprecedented extent by demands for her autograph. SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Dreams. I thought one early morning at the dreamy, drowsy hour I heerd a little bird that sang with strange, melodious power. It tilted on a willow twig, then sailed across the sky More swiftly than the fleecy cloud that lightly floated by. And then it came and sang again, a tune so loud and strong That the sunbeams on the water danced in rhythm to the song— Bing! Bing! went the alarm clock as it spoiled another dream! That song was just the radiator loading up with steam! I dozed again. I thought the south wind softly hovered near, ‘The sunshine, turned to ether, trembled in the atmosphere, And it called the world to Summer. As the hours went drifting by Each blossom breathed in perfume its life story to the sky. And every leaf that fluttered in its lan- guor seemed to say: “I shall not stir again upon this listless, lazy day"— Bing! Bing! went the alarm clock. Once again it spoiled a dream! The janitor was pushing on an extra charge of steam. Incriminating. “That was a terrible slip of the pencil my sienographer made,” sald Senator Sorghum. “In the speech you recently had printed?” “Yes. I said I was guided by Vox Popull. She had it written ‘Vox Pocket- book!" " The Changfg Modes. The statesman, once so gay and glad, May be betrayed by Fashion's wile, And find, with feelings grim and sad, His last year's speech is out of style. Economy. “Are you going to plant any potatoes in your garden?” “No. I'll plant only seeds. Sticking potatoes into the ground looks like such & waste of good food.” sought & lvely key They warbled “Dixie” with great glee. Alas! Their tastes were very slow Back in the days of long ago. But now such dizzy rhymes they sing That grandma to her chair will cling And ‘say in accents far from biand She hopes she does not understand! Some day, when fashion brings once more The customs of those days of yore, She may revive the simple charm Of songs that pleased and meant no barmm, | 2 “Dear 8ir: You give me a great deal of pleasure in your daily articles in The Star anent this subject and that. Of course, I am not a gardener, so am not especially interested in your tregtises on the lawns and grasses and the birdlets and the fishes, but when you hold forth on books cr happenings of pleasure or displeasure in your im- mediate environs, or on sneezes of the great unwashed, then do I agree with most of your c| b “I was well to have you (ex- cuse me, Mr. pleton Jones) tell of the careful performance of the young man sneezer in last night’s issue. Now 1 want to relate just how I conducted myself one morning not so long ago cn a street car. “I had taken my position in the last ‘two-seater’ on the right-hand side of the car; in front of me was a well dressed man of r’rcumspect appear- ance—I couldn’t ree his face, but from the tout ensemble cne would have ex- pected better things than developed. “I hadn't been composed very long when I saw him make a wild dash for & kerchief; he produced an immaculate square from the inner regions, held it poised in his left hand and sneezed all over the place. & this occur but once? Such a foolish question! If he snorted once, he snorted a cozen times, spraying me well, I felt sure, as I sat behind him. Never once did he use that handker- chief in all its pristine beauty—it re- mained aloft but unused. “Finally (I had been muttering, ‘Well, of all things,’ and ilk as each spasm occurred), with great majesty and ‘- height of exasperation, 1 arose say. ; aloud for his benefit, ‘For goodness’ sake, what's a handker- chief for?’ and marched up to a front seat. “I'll never tell you what he looked like, nor will he ever know me, but that was the incident. “I look forward to your columning every evening and, as I have said, crave most your write-ups on books and your hilosophizings. Am always glad to ave that treat in store for me, no mat- ter how late the hour for retiring. Sin- cerely, (Miss) 8. T. H" X% ‘Thank you, Sue, as Maj. Bowes says. the other Bunday.) Fortunately, we chanced to run into ‘Temp Jones and showed him this letter. “Delighted,” he said, “to hear that the great work of the Anti-Sneezing Soclety makes such fine converts.” Then he went on to tell an anecdote about Rimself. Jones always likes to ride the street cars, because he usually” manages to get into a fight with some one or other. Oh, no, not fisticuffs, or anything so rude, but merely & good verbal battle, such as mankind perhaps loves better than the real thing. ‘Templeton Jones had never been able to make up his mind whether the cu- rious tribe of two-legged creatures to which he belongs on this earth prefers its battles physical or oral. etimes, as during the World War, it seems one way, and sometimes (as ever since) it seems the other. On a street car, however, so Jones informs us, and he is a pretty reliable sort of chap, the battles mostly are of & verbal nature, with words and frowns taking the place of bullets and bombs. How some persons frown on a public vehicle, to be sure! One misses half the fun of it, if not interesting, in observ! the variety of .h‘f’n%h and compound frowns on every It seems to the observer that certain (Yes, he still says it—we heard him | |2 THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL, rsons must have been forced to leave eir great big car in the garage that morning and have been brought down to this. Ho, hum! Well, one must make the best of it, one supposes. One looks around disgustedly. Look at that young impudence there, daring to keep the blind by his seat up, when the horrible sun is glaring in fit to kill. He should pull it down. Does he think he owns this car? PFrown at him, then—frown at him horribly. Maybe that will put him in his place, the young u rt, who dares to permit nasty sunshine to come into this place. Any fool can get all the sunshine he wants out in the street, why does he insist on dragging it in here? Surely he ought to know that sun is not good for rheumatism. * % X % Templeton Jones is one of the most peacefil men alive, but there is one thing he ipsists on in a street car. blllxlxls is determined to manage his own Fat women may tread on his toes, slim ones poke their paper s of lunch into his ribs, old gentiemen cough all over him, but no man, woman or child can reach over his shoulder and yank down the blind beside his seat without so much as & “by your leave,” thank you, or— They can yank it, of course, but Jones can yank it back up again even quicker, and has done so more than once, he says. “How many seats have you paid for?” he once asked a gentieman to his rear. The gentleman made no reply. “Evidently,” said Jones, only he didn't say it aloud, “only one.” Ordinarily Mr. Jones contented him- Self with seizing the handle of the blind and giving it = flip. This flip shot the sun obscurer clear to the top, so that twice as much sunlight came into the car as before. Then Jones glared around him maglignantly. What a mean fellow was Templeton Jones, to be sure. * ok ox His new story went this way: He had taken his favorite seat, with blind neatly at the proper half-way point. A woman got in with paraphernalia. Have you ever scen a lady in a street car with paraphernelia? There are | handbags, and paper bags, and shawls. and canes, cnd heaven knows what No sooner had this laden lady g seated than she began to frown fero- clously. A timid beam of sun, playtul in a raw universe, had dared to smile npon her sacred being. “Down_with you, you brat!” shrieked she to metaphorically, at least. Templeton Jones swears she said it, but no doubt he was dreaming. At any rate, the lady pranced out of her seat and yanked down, the blind just ahead of Jones. Then she flounced back, frowning even more menacingly at all sunbeams. Alas, one was coming through .Tones’ window! An elderly gentleman, on the side seat ahead, caught various wig- waggings. Gallantly he arose, came to where Jones sat—and pulled down the blind. Templeton Jones popped it up again. “What's the big idea?” he grouched, falling into the vernacular, as he does so easily, despite his erudition, or, maybe, because of it. “You're the old Kentucky colcnel, arent you?” he went on. And he frowned terribly. !E;enumpuom; sunbeam, Federal revenue. The attitude of while some warnings are given that the rational treatment of the beer ritua- tion may effect final success of the amendment repealing prohibition. “With retrenchment the Govern- ment and the additional revenues ob- tainable from the ‘substantial taxes’ on | legalized beer,” says the New Orleans Times-Picayune, “the road will be | opened to a balanced budget and main- credit.” That paper also feels that “menufacture and sale of beer will pro- vide employment for many and create a new market for agricultural products. The New York Times avers that the action “is more for the gratification of beer drinkers than for the di.sappoln.t- ment of prohibitionists,” and that “it lis just another step for the rellef of the public finances.” The Pcfl.‘l‘md Oregon Journal agrees that it “will mean work for thousands, demand for varied materials and products, trade stimulation and h2avy additional reve- nue.” The Journal adds that “there is intellect and there is soul in the new attitude of Congress.” “All factors considered.” according to the Atlanta Journal, “the estimate of one hundred and fifty millions of new revenue from this measure appears far from excessive and throws a distinctly hopeful light on the problems of lh?’ Federal budget and general tax relief. The Charlotte Observer offers the ex- planation: “The haste with which President Roosevelt took this unex- pected step is accounted for by the urgent demand for finding sources of revenue with which to bolster up & buckling budget. The President is de- termined to bring that unruly monster in line as rapidly as possible.” On the question of State legislation the Milwaukee Sentinel remarks: “The brewing industry may justly be expected to help in very large measure to get men to work and business moving That ought to be enough without seek- ing to draw from it exorbitant sums in the way of taxes. It cannot be two kinds of life preserver. It can be only one kind, and .its function is that of "economic restoration. To try to milk it at the same time for huge taxes would mean to make it useless in either direction.” “President Roosevelt was bold and aggressive,” thinks the New York Sun, “but no more so than the country wanted him to be. Leadership, that campaign, was at last seen in clear outline and unmistekable action. To save 50 many hundred millions through the economy act, to gain so many hun- dred millions through the beer act, to conserve so many hundred millions through the banking act—here were concrete profits which needed no imagi- nation to appreciate.” 5 “The bill is likely to have short life,” in the opinion of the Buffalo Evening News, which looks forward to the adoption of the new prohibition amend- ment, while the Yakima Daily public holds that “about all it will do for the thm:fi until the amendment is will be to tide them over the hot-weather period.” The Birming- ham Age-Herald states that “it holds needed revenue for the Government and serves as larger emancipation from constitu- tional interference with the private habits of our people.” The Fort Worth Star-Telegram feels that it is “merely incidental to an tion pro- gram that must—if its election pledge is fulfilled—restore to the American people a degree of the democracy upon which this country was—academically, et least—founded.” “The situation.” says the Oakland Tribune, “is one to bring words of warn- ing to the mor€™¥nthusiastic of the wets, opinions from their conservative friends that upon the way the beer is accepted, sold and controlled may be predicated a large part of the opinion which is later to be in con- ventions. In other words, without dis- cretion and sanity, the wets, beer victory, may hurt thelr tenance unimpaired of the Nation's National comment on the bll‘l bi“"g‘é”kma ! - thorizing the sale of 3.2 per cen er | comes from those 4 ‘mves h:!gh place to its t?t;ect on the | both beer and repeal and think they Science is not abstract, fixed, unchang. he | may be causes which will have to Supreme Court is considered important, | saved from their friends.” genuine intimation of that | giving oo | B i o Revenue Feature of Beer Bill Makes Strongest Impression It is significant that advice of who favor be Similar warning is given by the Jer- sey City Journal, accompanied by ad- vice to the friends of beer to “watch careflly” in this phase of the develop- ment. “In a broad sense,” records the Rock Island . “the Supreme Court has inclined to the view that within rea- sonable limits it is the prerogative of Congress to fix an arbitrary line of de- | marcation between intoxicants and non- intoxicants. On at least two occasions the court has held that the one-half of cne per cent definition laid down by Congress in the Volstead act did not overstep reasonable limits, but on neither occasion did the court under- take to declare that any definition of an intoxicating liquor is in accordance with fact. There is no reason to as- sume at present that it would charge f:m}gre.q with exceeding reasonable imits.” the Asbury Park Evening Press and the Morgantown Dominion-News, but the Topeka Daily Capital, pointing out that “the brewers themselves made the orig- inal finding that beer of more than one- half of one per cent is intoxicating,” adds that “what the highest court will say remains to be seen.” The San Francisco Chronicle calls the authorization of wine “something more than a sorry joke on California’s grape growers” and a “deceit on the whole Nation.” This view is upheld by the Oshkosh Daily Northwestern and the Cincinnati Times-Star. “The action was hasty and without the consideration the matter deserves,” in judgment of the Rochester Times-Union, while the Cleveland Plain Dealer asserts that “one of the contri- butions of prohibition that must be made permanent is its complete out- lawry of the bar room.” The Chicago Daily News feels that there should be “safeguards against recrudescence of the old evils” and the Philadelphia Evening Bulletin argues, “The evils of the bar room were a continuing urge in the industrial effort for prohibition, through the period of war prohibition and in the action that finally brought about the eightcenth amendment. The saloon had become & sore in the com- munity, and one of the benefits of na- tional prohibition was ized, even by many who opposed the policy, as the riddance of the saloon. It was gen- erally agreed that the American people did.not want the bar room to come quality so nebulously referred to in the e Moving Salmon East. From the Oakland Tribune. - Back in Maryland an interesting ex- ['periment is to be made with the Pacific salmon, “the most valuable fish not only of the United States, but of the Western Hemisphere.” ‘Two thousand of the fish are to be taken from the Columbia River in Oregon to Deep Creek Lake, 2,300 miles away, in Maryland. The waters of the 4o | lake ‘dr ain into the Potomac and the fish are to be planted in the hope that they will find their way to salt water and return, in four years, to spawn. If they do, they will have to leap the Great Falls of the Potomac, thus Eastern residents a spectacle with which those of the Northwest are familiar. The national experiment is to be conducted by the Bureau of Fish- erles and the Maryland Conservation Commission. Distinctly, if it is suc- cessful, “it will be worth watching.” Experts at Fault. From the Philadelphia Evening Bullelin. Where cont bri teachers fall down is in not showing us how to shuffle the cards so ss to get the kind of hands they use in their illus- trations. Puzzlers. Prom the Haverhill Evening Gastte. One thing This position is taken also by | Bavk'to Bave & st of | hek BY SARAH G. BOWERMAN. HENRY ADAMS. By James Truslow Adams. New York: Albert & Charles Boni. give the revelation of unique character which he hlmself gives in his “Letters” and “The Education of Henry Adams.” Indeed, these must of necessity be fun- damental material for any biography. James Truslow , & member of & different branch of the Adamses from Henry Adams, and author of “The Adems Family,” has written an inter- esting short blography of the man who, to the end of a distinguished ca- reer, considered his life a failure. Henry Adams had an amazng intellect, of such an analytical and critical type that he was unable to indulge in smug satisfaction with himself.or the world. Yet the facts of his heritage and of his own later achievement were such as to have given uusl,’nlclon to a l:nl: introspective person. subtle and pect e atent Truslow Adams elaborate: “There was scarcely s card below a ten spot, and almost all the picture cards were an- cestral portraits.” He was the son of Charles Francis Adams, United States Minister to England d the Civil ‘War, the grandson of J Quincy Adams, and the great-grandson of John Adamd, 6th and 2d Presidents of the United States. At 22 he was private secretaty to his father, then a member of Congress, and_shortly after accom- fed him to England as secretary. e experiences there were unusual for & young man and, in spite of his de- preciation of them as contributing nothing to his education, they obviously contributed much. James Truslow Adams finds the key to much in Henry Adams’ attitude to- ward life in the “dream of power” which remained with him until he knew that he was too old for its real- ization. The tradition of his family was one of high office and power, and when, at the close of the Civil War, Henry Adams looked about for a career “one feels that the crux of the diffi- culty was to find any career that would lead in a dignified way to anvthing sufficiently big for a fourth-generation Adams.” That he was forced, by the| lack of appointive office, to turn to literature, does not seem to us, from our point of vantage, unfortunate. His| was an essentially reflective tempera- | ment, and that the author of “The Education of Henry Adams,” one of the greatest of biographies, ahd ‘“Mont- Saint-Michel and Chartres.” that pro- |found and unique combination of philosophy and esthetics, could have | attained greater distinction in politics is unthinkable. James Truslow Adams finds evidence that his ambition in early life was somewhat snobbish, for he sald of his writing that “if he worked at all, it was for social consideration, and social pleasure was his pay.” He changed, however, as he grew older, and undoubtedly, as lesser men have done, came to smile fronically at youth- ful petty vanities and insistences. When he declined to publith the. “Educa- tion” and “Mont-Saint-Michel and Chartres” in the early 1900's he had become the aloof philosopher, indifferent to social digtinction, which pursued him as he fled from it. James Truslow Adams speaks of the marriage of Henry Adams, which he himself never men- tioned after the tragic death of his wife in 1885, as “singularlv happy” | and “of perfect companionship.” He gives 8t. Gaudens’ own interpretation | of the Adams Memorial to Mrs. Adams | in Rock Creek Cemetery as the “Mys- tery of the Herecafter. ks | SCIENCE IN THE CHANGING WORLD. Edited by Mary Adams. New York: The Century Co. | The contributors to this symposium {are Thomas Holland, H. Levy, Julian | Huxley, John R. Baker, Bertrand Rus- | sell, Aldous Huxley, Hugh 1'A. Fausset. {Hilaire Belloc, J. B. S. Haldane and| | Oliver Lodge. 'Their essays fall into three groups: What is science? What | is man? and What is civilization? | | ing. Its theories undergo modification, | not perhaps to fit changing facts 80 | much as to fit growing knowledge of those facts. To the unscientific public | those changes in theory seem more radical than they really are. Recent discoveries in physics have brought | about some extensions in theory, but “the facts which it is the primary busi- ness of science to unearth remain the permanent heritage of the human " So the title of this book is ac- counted for, as no one will dispute that |the world is changing. The book is on a series of broadcast talks, part of a wider group of talks on “The | Changing Worold,” in which “an at- tempt was made to reflect the crisis | through which the world is passing and to make an analysis of those forces of | transformation in science, art, econom- ics and social life which have been in | operation since the beginning of the century.” The style is lucid and the material is not technical. An illumi- nating glimpee is given of the scientific basis of our Western civilization, the tremendously rapid growth of scientific | knowledge and its appllication to all flelds of human activity and interest. * X X % PROGRESSIVE SOCIAL ACTION. By | Edward T. Devine. New York: The | MacMillan Co. | Dr. Devine is a sociologist of long standing and has written many books | on charities and their public and pri- | vate relief. He was for 20 years asso- | clated with the Charity Organization Society and for 15 with Columbia University and has participated in emergency relief work in the San Fran- cisco_carthquake and in Russia, Italy and France during the World War. In “Progressive Social Action” he broadly outlines a program, economic, interna- tional, religious, for world betterment. He calls book “ambitious,” but does not claim that it presents any panacea. He says, “The point of view of social work is not that of pessimism—that things are bound to turn out badly whatever you do; nor that of optimism— that things will turn out well, whatever you do. It is rather melioristic, in the sense in which Willlam James used that word * * * expressing the faith that things may turn out well provided the right tmnfielre done.” George Eliot also used the word. Dr. Devine hopes for a return of religious influence in tI I world. He says: “In view of the rift between o religion and some spokesmen for ive social move- ments throughout the world, it may seem fantastic to suggest that the leadership which the nations collec- tively and severally need in the present | crisis may come from the churches | rather than from statesmen, scientists, labor leaders or business men.” The great need of the hour, he says, is leadership. The abolition of poverty is possible, but in an emergency relief of the unm'gloyed needs safeguards. The schools should be used to produce citizens who cannot be exploited. Social education must precede any cure of our crime problem, for “the spirit of the law is not in us” and “even in the enforcement of laws we countenance lawless methods.” The feeling for world citizenship is rapidly developing. The sibilities. The farmers are #n sore need of economic leadership. Thess are of the statements which De, Devine throws out for consideration. * X x X Helen Hull, author of “Hardy Peren- nial,” who has for the ten been teac! writing novel young ing up other jobs and trying writing and wether it is necessary to come to New York to make literary contacts. To both questions she answers “No.” She says: “Writing should be considered an avocaticn until it sprouts a few ieaves of professional success. And as for them'secm q“houm—t I have m!!m al L] adiempe.to meet"ertia, ‘oolum: bists, editors aDd MEOUS aUthora that an 7 No biographer of Henry Adams can | Ma! | hewks is to have a few colonles lands” spoken | &) co-operative movement has great pos-| Palesti ANSWERS TO QUESTION BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. the staff of e services are put et your free disposal. There is no charge except 3 cents in coin or stamps for return . Do not_use post cards. Address The Evening Star Information Bureau, Frederic J. Haskin, Director, Washington, D. C. Q. How are sand greens for goif | courses made?—C, A. 8. A. They are constructed by mixing | clay with sand much as in bullding tennis courts. Q. How were gascline and oils han- dled and dispensed when sautomobiles were first in use?—H. H. R. A. Before the advent of the service station, gasoline and motor oils were sold from barrels and cans at hard- ware stores and the few garages that were built for repair work. Q. Is interest charged on the money which States can borrow from the Re- construction Finance Corporation for relief work?—H. J. M. A. Three per cent interest is charged. Q. What kind of a gem is the Alexandrite?—C. W. M. A. This stone is found in the Ural Mountains and Ceylon. It was named after Czar Alexander, because it was discovered on his twenty-first birthday anniversary. It is a green stone, but has the feculty of turning red in arti- ficiai light. Red and green are the military colors of oid Russia. This stone is worth from $100 to $200 per carat, depending upon its quality. Q. What is the name of the poem | which ends: “The man I might have | been”?—L. G. A. It is a two-stanza poem called “Sometimes.” Q. What _birds will keep hawks | away?—E. H. D. A. One of the best protections fron)‘ of | hest order. Submit your queries to xperts whose urple martins nesting about the place. | cse birds will fight the hawks away, | and for that reason if for no other, it | pays to put up boxes and encourage | the martins to use them. Q. What does the name, beri beri, signify?—0. N. ] A. This strange name for a disease originated in Ceylon and simply means great weakness. . At what time were pictures| painted on glass popular>—R. E. K. A. They first appeared in England ebout the middle of the 18th century.| They were popular in the United States | in the early 90's. | Q. What is the difference between the expressions, “high noon” and | “noon”?—C. C. T. A. The term “noon” is often loosely | used to designate the noon hour, while “high noon” means 12 o'clock exactly. | The noon hour, or middle hour, of the | day has been considered important from early times and is spoken of as| the Sext from the Hora Sexta of the | Romans. which corresponds closely | with our noon hour. As early as the third century it was an hour of prayer. What is meant by “marginal of by President Roose- velt?>—J. H. C. A. The term refers to lands that ere unproductive in that they cannot | be cultivated profitably. RQA gfluc is a pool ball made of?— . C. C. i 'A. The best billiard and pocket bil- | Q. | ed for liard (pool) balls are made of ivory; others are made of a composition of cellulold and clay, and the synthetic ball is of ground ivory. Casein is also employed in the manufacture of artificial ivory used for billiard balls. Q. How many cities have been built on the present site of Jerusalem?—D. C. A. The present city is the eighth to | be built on this site. In Southwest Judah is & mound which reveals 11 distinct strata, each stratum represent- ing the remains of a city. When a city was conquered the bulldings were leveled to the ground. Since they were mostly bullt of clay, they formed a | layer of soil on which ‘another city rose. Pch[.flyh:t]vroponwn of Federal ex- ve civil rervice itions are Washington, D. C. ?-L’i;ss‘ @ A. About 6 per cent of such posi- | tions are in the District of Columbia. Q. P.AT, h ; e Bureau of Standards says that printing static is introduced by the friction of the paper with the metallic parts of the printing press. In large establishments special equip- ment is used to prevent this. Con- trolled humidity conditions assist, to some degree, since paper that is kept very moist gives little trouble. What causes printing static?— Q. What is meant by the “conti- nental Sabbath"?—G. J. S. A. It is the custom on the Conti- nent of Europe to employ the earliest hours of the Sabbath day in religious devotion, during which period all com- mercial activities cease. After the hours for publc worship are over many of the stores, play houses, etc., reopen and the rest of the day is given to amuse- ment and recreation. ‘When were special buildings erect- inaugural balls?—D. S. A. Temporary structures were erected in Judiciary Square in 1857 for the ball in honor of Willlam Henry Harri- son, in 1861 for Lincoln's and in 1873 for Grants. At the outbreak of the Civil War the Lincoln ball room was still standing and was used as an emergency hospital for the first wound- ed soldiers. Q. Is it true that a person cannot sink in the Great Salt Lake?—A. C. R. A. The great that in it. salinity of the lake is so & swimmer cannot sink Q. Is Siberla an independent coun= try?—W. M. A. Siberia is not a political entity, but merely a geographical expression. Practically all of the area known s Siberia is a part of the Russian Socialist Federated Soviet Republic, the largest and most important of the Russian states making up the U. S. 8. R. Q. Where are schedules of all tramp steamers kept>—C.G. W. A. There is no central place. Please list some of Frances Perkins' activities before she became Secretary of Labor.—W.M. P, A. Miss Perkins was secretary of the Consumers’ League of New York from 1910 to 1912. She was executive secre- tary of the Committee of Safety of New York fram 1912 to 1917. She was executive director of the New York Council of Organization for War Service from 1917 to 1919; commis- sioner of the New York State Industrial Commission from 1919 to 1921; director of the Council of Immigration Educa- tion from 1921 to 1923; a member of the New York State Industrial Board since 1923, Q. Was there a 3-cent postage rate anywhere in the United sutuujeut be- fore it was put on generally last Sum- mer?—I. L. A. There was not. The 3-cent rate went out of existence June 30, 1920, and Was not resumed until August 6, 1932, High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands HE BULLETIN, Sydney. New South Wales—To the Editor: The rellef workers here e mostly engaged in improving roads. Certainly the roads can do with improvement, but we could | manage with them as they are, and| the country is too poor at the moment | to go in for work that shows no return. | The man on the land pays relief tax and does not eonsider that there is any- thing to show for it. It could be done better this way. If & man increases his wage bill, he shoud get a rebate tax— say to the extent of one-fourth of the extra wages. The man on the land hates paying out dead money: and if some scheme like this were initiated he would rush it. It would mean that Iat" more real relief work would be available and the country would be getting some return on the cost of it. SYLVESTER. * k% % Results in Palestine Development Defended. The New Judea, London—It is mnot | a little astonishing that after all that has been written and published about Palestine a journalist of such re- | pute as G. Ward Price should be- tray such profound ignorance of the country as was shown by him in his re- cent article in the Sunday Pictorial. | The case of Mr. Price is all the more inexplicable because he wrote his article in_ Jerusalem, where he could have gotten all the facts he wanted, but ap- parently he could not see the truth even when it stared him in the face. He has simply reproduced legends which were given considerable publicity some years ago by a section of the press hos- tile to British policy in Palestine. and which we believed had been thoroughly exploded. He complains that England cannot “afford to run a home for Jews,” as though England were doing or had ever done so. It can not be emphasized too often or too strongly that the British government has not contributed and does not contribute a single penny to the establishment of the Jewish Na- tional Home. On the contrary, the en- tire cost is borne by the Jewish people themselves, through the support volun- tarily given by the Keren Hayesod, the ewish National Fund, and other Zionist funds and institutions. Nor does the British government pay anything for the maintenance of the Palestine administration. The budget of the Palestine government, amounting to about £2,500,000, is defrayed entirely by the public revenue of the country, 40 per cent of which is provided by the Jewish settlers, although they form only 20 per cent of the population of the country. The only expenditure of the British exchequer is on account of the military and air force units, but the excess of their cost in Palestine over what the cost would be in Eng] covered by the Palestine government, with the exception of the relatively small sum of £40,000. Ward Price seems to imagine that since the begi of the British try. It is absurd for Mr. Price to speak of “one or two small indusiries estab- —_—_— they have no time left for writing. The literary racket be pleasant for extroverted personal it, but wri m-m:%m bepaueta”"_. . _. . lished near Jaffa.” If he visited Tel- Aviv at all he must have heard that there are several hundred factories and workshops there alone. The fact is that Jewish industries in Palestine employ :nbout 8,000 wdorken. pay £480,000 a year wages and produce goods valued at £2,000,000 & year. As for Mr. Price’s views about Jewish farming, they are just the reverse of those expressed by eminent agricultural experts like Sir John Russell and Prof. Elwood Mead. who have carefully studied the conditions in Palestine. His views are also refuted by the latest re- port of the Palestine government, which states: “While Jewish agriculture Mmaintains its progress on modern lines, it is satisfactory to record that the Arab farming community is beginning to show signs of a desire to adopt more intensive methods, to increase produc- tion and to cultivate more remunera- tive crops.” * ok ox | Reich Jobless Get Illegal Car Rides. Welt Spiegel, _Berlin.— “Koennen ie mir ihren Fahrscheln geben?” (“Can you give me your street car ticket?”) This is an importunity only too frequently encountered on all the piatforms of the Berliner Verkeshrse Gesellschaft (Berlin Traction Co.), despite the fact that each bit of paste- board bears imprinted upon it in formidable black letters “Nicht Ueber- tragbar” (“Not Transferable”). Never- theless, the walking is usually so long and hard and wearisome, and money generally so scarce and tight, that the temptation to pick up one's fare thus upon the street is well-nigh irresistible, despite all the injunctions of the company and the civic ordinance concerning the validity of such trans- actions. At the underground railway itions, particularly, are to be observed scores of unemployed and destitute beg- ging for these :llegitimate gratuities, These tickets or transfers, once secured, as they are sometimes from the more charitable patrons of the transporta- tion system, there begins at once a ne- gotiation of barter and exchange among the more lucky of the importunate horde. A ticket of destination Alex- anderplatz is exchanged, after whis- pered consultation, for one with destina- tion Zoo. The whole performance is unlawful and culpable, from first to last—but 25 pfennig (6 cents) is much money for the jobless. — e Not Too Rigid. From the Des Moines Tribune. It was a graceful compliment that President Roosevelt paid former Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes by calling in person to deliver his felicitations upon the occasion of the jurist'’s ninety-sec- ond birthday. It was also & serving of additional notice that the new President does not intend during his term in office to be bound by the bootless traditions that accompany that office. In 50 far as the rule against personal calls by the President relieves him from social obligations that might become irksome, it is a valuable custom. But as & mere manifestation of that formal dignity with which some people would invest the presidency, its value is to many of us extremgly doubtful. Most traditions are none the wome for an occasional violation, and it is to be hoped that the President will continue to show the same good judg- ment in choosing his trespasses conventions. Motor Words. Prom the Columbus Dispateh. oN w:m the hlno most beautiful and 10 ug! words have been selected, let' ek out the 1 i