Evening Star Newspaper, February 9, 1933, Page 8

THE EVENING STAR . With Sunday Morning Edition. WASHINGTON, D. C. THURSDAY. .. .February 9, 1933 3 e THEODORE W. NOYES....Editor The Evening Star Newspaper Company Business Office: 11th St. and Pennsylvania Ave. New York : 110 Offi Michiea “g&u&‘,;. icago : Lake Michigan e ey England. ent St. London, Carrier Within the City. nl.v':nzl’( Sta .45¢ per n{onth Evening and The Sunday Star .5¢_per ¢ Collection made at the end of each month. Orders may be sent in by mail or telephone NAtional 5000. Rate by Mail—Payable in Advance. Maryland and Virginia. Bally and Sunday 1mo. 85 o A unday only . All Other States and Canada. ily and Sunday...1yr., $12. mo. $1.00 ily only 1y Sunday only Member of the Associated Press. ‘The Associated Press is exclusively enuxdl‘ed to the use for republication of all news dis- atches credited to it or not otherwise cred- ited in this paper and also the local news published herein. All rights of publication of special dispatches herein are also reserved. -— The Shannon Report. On the same day that the voluthinous findings of the Shannon Committee of the House were made public, such find- ings depicting the “pernicious” effect of Government competition with private basiness, the record of testimony before the House Subcommittee on District Ap- propriations revealed criticism by mem- bers of Congress of local officials for not using more convict-made bricks from Occoquan in municipal construc- tion. And the Shannon Committee’s strictures on establishment of Govern- ment restaurants in Government build- ings were made just a few days after the House had approved a $60,000 ap- propriation for maintaining the House and Senate restaurants, operated under the dome of the Capitol at an annual loss to the taxpayers. Again, the Shannon Committee’s recommendation for wider employment of private phy- sicians, dentists and veterinarians comes on the heels of a recent report by the Committee on the Cost of Medical Care, recommending an experiment by Federal and State governments in so- clalization of medical service and after the House has approved an annual ap- propriation for the payment of a phy- sician to treat the bers of Congress and their families. It will therefore be enlightening to learn, by later developments, whether the Shannon Committee’s lengthy re- searches—which necessitated extensive travel throughout the country last Sum- mer—are to be filed away in the Capitol archives as merely another report after another investigation or whether they represent a preponderant opinion in Congress that Government competition in various lines of private enterprise has gone too far and that something should be done about it. I anything is to be done about it, the question would be where to begin. The committee proposes that fundamental rconsiderations should confine govern- mental business ventures to those dic- tated by “economy or and mili- tary expediency.” Economy, of course, covers a multitude of sins, and the ques- tion naturally presents itself as to where economy ceases to be economy and be- comes an expense. The House and Senate restaurants may be an economy and a matter of common-sense conven- fence to their patrons—by no means limited to the members of Congress— but they represent an item of no small expense to the general taxpayer. A sound recommendation by . the @hannon Committee is that “in the event of the continuance of governmen- tal competition,” which may be regard- ed as a distinct probability, govern- mental competitors should be forced to compete “upon terms of actual cost.” In other words, when governmental competition becomes established in any activity the burden of proof should be placed upon the Government to show that its competition with private business is justified by actual savings to the taxpayers—not one pet group of taxpayers, but to all the taxpayers. “The evidence in general” the com- mittee found, “Indicates that the opera- tions of the Federal Government in the fleld of private enterprise have reached & magnitude and diversity which threaten to reduce the private initia- tive, curtail the opportunities and in- Iringe upon the earning powers of tax- paying undertakings, while steadily in- creasing the levies upon them.” ————————— ‘The refusal of the League of Nations to recognize Manchukuo does not pre- went Japan from proceeding on the assumption of most familiar acquaint- ance. Electoral College and Direct Vote. Yesterday, for the thirty-seventh time, the Congress of the United States, in Joint session, sat as a final canvassing board for the presidential election to declare the choice of the people. The election was not by the two Houses, but by electors chosen by the voters in the several States, who in every case voted for the nominees of the parties which had named them. Thus was continued the process of presidential choice which originated with the beginning of the present form of Government in this country, although in quite different manner from that which was conceived at the outset, the electors named by the Btates having no free choice of candi- dates as the Constitution originally Provided. Again is revived the proposition to change the method of presidential elec- tion by the substitution of direct voting by the people for their candidates for indirect voting involved in the elec- toral college system. Amendments to this effect have been often - proposed and as often have they been refused proposal to the States by the Congress. The first of these wes offered in 1826, being induced by the result of the elec- tion of 1824, when Andrew Jackson, although receiving the largest popular “vote for President, was defeated in the Mouse of Representatives. From that time until 1928 the same proposition Was presented in various forms some @ighty-seven times, being invariably re- fused approval by either House of Con- gress for submission to the States. Notwithstanding this record of nega- #lon it is believed that eventually a €hange will be made in the method of ehoosing the Chief Executive. From @lmost the beginning the “electoral col- the expressed wiil of fhe people - to the Constitution to effect a change would, of course, have to be ratified by the States, and it is hardly probable that three-fourths of the States would consent to their elimination as wunit factors in the election. The swift success of the twentieth amendment, changing the dates for the beginning of the terms of Congress and the President, suggests that a direct- election amendment, substituting popu- lar vote for elecigyal college vote with- one hundred unsuccessful efforts in this direction. The Pianist in Politics. Scholars in politics, here and abroad, are no phenomena. Musicians in state- craft are rarer, though, trained in the if ordained for a field in which the eradication of discords is an all-time policy. Today comes news that M. Ignaz Jan Paderewski, the first premier of the post-war republic in 1919, is now being actively discussed for the presi- dency of Poland. European conditions, especially those in adjacent Germany, evidently persuade the Poles that their safest executive anchorage at this time is the gifted master of the piano, who once before demonstrated that he can manipulate the affairs of state with | no less skill than he tickles the ivories | of the keyboard. When one speaks of Poland and the Poles in this connection one really means Marshal Jaseph Pilsudski. It is that masterful personality who still pulls the strings at Warsaw with vir- tually unchallenged dictetorial suthor- ity, though it is constitutionally exer- cised. It is the marshal who will re- call Paderewski to public life, if he be summoned, rather than the country ‘which the maestro would serve. Every- thing depends on developments in Ger- many. Relations, long strained over the Corridor question, have tended to be- come critical since Adolf Hitler's re- cent accession to the chancellorship, with the National Socialists’ avowed anti-Polish program thus accentuated and become more menacing. , If Marshal Pilsudski promotes the campaign for the nomination of M. Paderewski for the presidency, the mo- tive would be the realization that the famous pianist, now on ‘tour in the United States, is the only man behind whom Polish national sentiment could most surely be rallied. There is in addi- tion the virtuoso’s wide popularity in English-speaking lands which have so long yielded to the charms of his music. It is sald that the principal bar to M. Paderewski’s recall to office would be his reluctance to serve in the presi- dency under the dictatorial yoke, being himself a rugged individualist. But if Poland’s international relationships could bp-strengthened under a leader with M. Paderewski's personal prestige, Marshal Pilsudski might envision the | desirability of giving the pjanist in Ppolitics more scope for self-expression —which is as essential in statesman- ship and diplomacy as it is in art. A Chilly Morning. Last night, authorities on the subject say, was the coldest of the Winter to date and this morning the chilliest morning in a long time. It was a trial of courage to get out of bed, a test of physical hardihood to get to work. The wind cut like a knife, One could sym- pathize with Peary, Scott, Amundsen, Byrd and all the other heroes of the frozen zones. But the pitiless blast Which swept over the city late yesterday afternoon and continued to blow throughout the night and during the morning brought actual suffering to relatively few of the four hundred and- eighty thousand people who call Washington home. There was warmth and food for at least hinéty per cent of the total population of the Capital. The question is: What about the others? What about the ten per cent who, through no special fault of their own, are out of employment, shelterless and hungry? The latest Community Chest cam- paign provided a partial answer to the problem. Were it not so, there would be far more widespread and poignant distress in the eity today than there s. But the campaign fell short of its goal, and approximately half & million dol- lars remains to be raised if the Chest is to function to the full in accordance with the program prepared for it by the co-operating agencles constituting its membership. Only by further appeal to the charitable heart of the more for- tunate fraction of the community can the means be found to meet the neces- sities of the rest. Such a night as last | night, such a morning as this morning serve to dramatize that appeal. If ‘every reader of these lines would send one dollar—more if possible, of course—to the Community Chest, In- vestment Building, at once, fuel and food could be provided immediately for families really in desperate need. Pre- sumably, & considerable sum might be made available, and there could not be a better occasibn or a better cause. But even if only a little additional money came to hand it would help. In times like the present every penny counts. Human life and human happiness depend. just now, as never before in this generation, on the instinct toward helpfulness and fellowship which is not absent from any normal hyman breast. ———————— Having assembled a notable corps of reporters, the New Outlook is expected to devote close attention to its proof departmewnt. Needless Fires and Insurance. For the fourth time within a year fire on Monday swept through & portion of the amusement resort at Coney Island, near New York, and did damage esti- mated at $250,000. Several entertain- ment establishments were destroyed, the flames roaring with little check through 8 mass of flimsy structures, mostly built of wood, with much of their equipment constructed of- papler mache. The three other blazes at this resort during the past twelve months were of the same nature, the materials being of the least fife-resisting character. The heaviest loss was that of last July, when four blocks along the boardwalk were X ENLE WAE out the elimination of State lines, may | so0c | in the near future succeed, after nearly arts of harmony, they would seem as| Cy four fires of the year wiped out more than $3,000,000. ‘The fact that all of this property was covered by insurance does not lessen the fact that carelessness in management and false economy in construction con- tributed to the wiping out of a very heavy value. The losses were borne directly by the insurance companies, but were actually paid by the public in the form of premiums given for “protection” upon all other structures upon which insurance was carried in the companies immediately involved. This fact should always be borne in mind whenever fire causes heavy dam- age to any particular property. The in- surance company reckons the specific premium upon the basis of the charac- ter of the “risk.” The properties most subject to possible destruction by fire bear the heaviest portion of the cost of protection, but all others contribute, whatever thelr condition and capacity to resist fire. It is not in the public interest that flimsy, fire-inviting structures should be tolerated and their construction and maintenance even encouraged by the writing of insurance upon them, for which all grades and classes of prop- erty must bear a share of the risk and loss, through premiums that are graded to insure a net redemption of loss, with a profit to the companies, A higher standard of construction in all lines, & more rigid system of inspection and supervision would lower the losses and consequently permit a lowering of the cost of protection for those con- structions that are most thoroughly fireproof and most carefully adminis- tered. America’s annual fire toll is tremen- dous, the losses amounting into the hundreds of millions, the greater part of them being preventable. Too lightly does the paying public regard the con- flagrations that sweep away great struc- tures and blocks of buildings, Only when Mlife is lost is attention seriously aroused, and the remedies to prevent Tepetition are spasmodically and inef- fectively applied. ‘The losses at Coney Island have not been important in the sense of derange- ment of business, but they are never- theless significant of the need of a prompt and thorough study of the eco- nomic evil of a system of “protection” which drains millions of dollars from the channels of industry in excess of the proper annual cost of insurance. —————— Again there is evidence that the world has been improving since the days when editors dared picture James G. Blaine as a tattooed man or Mark Hanna as wearing a suit of clothes ornamented with dollar marks. —_————— King George is said to be contemplat- ing indorsement of & plan to turn Buckingham Palace into a fine hotel. London realtors are evidently as merci- less as those of American cities in ob- literating famous landmarks. A strike seldom accomplishes more than to prove the truth of the adage, “misery loves company.” The company is never distinguished by any degree of good cheer. PEEE AT 5 T ‘The cold wave forecast proved cruelly accurate. The Weather Bureau & a branch of Government service that ean never be accused of .wavering in con- sclence in hope of profit or popularity. ———————— A fight with China and a quarrel with the League of Nations represent a rather larger order than some conserv- ative Japanese statesmen feel like un- dertaking at present. “It is an il wind that blows nobody good.” Even a blizzard blows along the snow shovel as a slight relief to unem- ployment. . ———r————— SHOOTING STARS. BY PHILANDER JOHNSON. Clearing Away the Climate. Go it, Mr. Blizzard! We're not at all afraid. - ‘You didn’t wait, we're glad to state, ‘Till the day of The Parade! Go it, Mr. Blizzard! It's better that you strayed On this early date than to hesitate ‘Till the day pf The Parade. Choosing an Easy Place. “What position would you like in the cabinet?” asked the reporter. “Secretary of the Navy,” Senator Sorghum. “But you don’t know anything about boats.” “Everybody is aware of that fact. I will therefore not be expected to ob- trude myself in an effort to' give au- thoritative information to obstinate ex- perts.” Jud Tunkins says, just to show he's tryin’ to be cheerful hell say that the Nation’s wage question has got so com- plicated that Prof. Einstein ought to take it up as a branch of Hire Mathe- matics. answered Impeccability. All Congressmen are now correct, Reliable and circumspect, Disdaining any little gift Or promise of a social lift. All Congressmen will now resist ‘The most determined lobbyist. Each is this Nation’s truthful son, Precisely like George Washington. And as we greet a glorious day, ‘We wonder how they got that way. A Confident Financier. “What is the matter with the stock market?"” asked the trader. “It's all right, answered Mr. Dustin Stax, “only when stocks hit the roof they bounced back toward the basement, and they're now showing normal clas- ticity around the ground floor.” “Knowledge gained by actual experi- ence,” said Hi Ho, the sage of China- town, “is not always most satisfactory. ‘When a blizzard comes, only those who sit in & warm room and see it through a window can appreciate its beauty.” Cupid and the Climate. ‘That boy upon the valentine Himself to fate must now resign, And cease the climate to defy, Until this chill swept through the afr, He has been beautifully bare. Now he assumes the garb that suits— An overcoat and rubber boots. “Old Satan,” said Uncle Eben, “goes around makin’ jest as much trouble foh s N There is one genuine fault in a home library that is seldom mentioned. It is that none of the shelves gives that musty smell so pleasant in a larger collection, wherein it is physically im- possible to keep the books dusted. One meets this booky odor at its best in the closely piled stacks of second- hand stores. ‘There the booklover finds something to stir his senses as well as his mind. It is a fragrance composed of a mix- ture of paper, ink, leather, covers, mucilage and dust. ‘These and other ingredients enter into this bookish odor so familiar to those who love all the aspects of their d!vin’; lmblby. % It is & pleasure to go roaming through the narrow alsles, with books stacked to the ceiling. Evidently the proprietor of the place feels the same way about it, because he is always glad to have visitors. Another element enters into the fine fragrance of which we speak. It is time. Only old books possess it. . A new volume has another, distinct odor. come to have a musty smell, especially ‘when kept in rows. This b’x.-nmgs us "t:gr::nother element entering into our ince. This is lack of motion. Books in such places are stacked away, and left to themselves to slumber until a purchaser finally comes. t may be scores of years before he arrives on the scene. In that time even the newest book has an opportunity to take on the physical aroma of an old book. No matter how often the books are dusted, a certain amount of the finest particles will stick to the top. Every time they are dusted again, a little more adheres, so that in the course of 10 or 20 years there is a solid layer of gray-colored dust coating the upper edges of the leaves. One of the pleasures in searching out old books consists in critically examin- mg{ums layer, and later in removing it. othing excels & gum ' eraser. Most friends of books know how this work should be done, but for the beneflt of the newcomer, who may lack experience, we set down here the method as used by old-timers, ‘The book It is held tightly between the thumb and first finger of the left hand, at the top by the title on the back. e gum eraser is held in the right, and carefully brushed along the closely held page top. No matter how small the bit of eraser used—and it should be small—there is bound to be a narrow track of gray- black left along each edge. The removal of this calls for the opening of first one cover and then another, as the eraser is moved care- fully along the smudge to be removed. Care must be taken, else some of the pages will be crumpled, than which nothing is more distressing to the finicky lover of bogks. Yes, this type of enthusiast is quite home in second-hand shops. It is in what fine condition many volumes remain, over the years, how carefully they are protected here. Many a book which has slumbered unmolested on a shelf for years has a title page without a mark on it whereas the latest magazine (carfeully folded down the middle by the postman) often reaches the finicky one in a condition which es him writhe at the sight. When a book is kept on a shelf, it has protection on both sides and the bottom, at least. What is of even more importance, it at GYPTIAN GAZETTE, Alexan- dria—A law has just been pro- mulgated in Nicosia prohibiting the use of bulb horns on any vehicles other than motor cars or motorcycles. The law further pro- hibits the use of whistles or of any form of bell “which can be operated so as to ring continuously without movement of the fingers.” The reason for this law is set out in the official notification as follows: “The object of this law is to-put a stop to the use of those squeaking horns and other nolsy appliances = popular with youthful bicyclists, bl:: distasteful to body else. “It further prohibits the use of bulb horns on carts and carriages. In prac- fned 1o haciaesocaim ub Spoess ckney-ca: , Who appear to utilize them mainly for the purpose of attracting customers. This, however, is a misuse of such instruments, and it is considered that the approach of these vehicles will be sufficiently her- alded by the sound of the horses’ hoofs or, if the owner prefers it, by a bell. S 2 L a) rom the apt to make foot passengers careless, as they are unable to distinguish the ap- proach of the fast-moving motor car from that of the creeping cab horse.” Residents in Nicosia have reason to grateful for the new enactment, for the narrow streets of the town have lately become a bedlam through the incessant ringing of bells and sounding of horns, * ok ok ok British Banks Show Financial Strength. New Statesman, London.—The banks are still doing so nicely that most of them see no cause to reduce their dividends, even after they have made full provision for bad and doubtful debts. ‘We say this not in_criticism of them, but in order to emphasize the continued strength of their! position, tions in most other countries. Inci- dentally, it leads us to conclude that the real profits of the banks in times of prosperity must have been much larger than those published returns ever revealed. * % * ¥ Italians Surprised by U. S. Education Ideas. Corriere Della Sera, Milan.—Amer- ica continues to furnish us with nov- elties in matters of culture and educa- tlon. which, we are verily convinced, could be evolved and demonstrated in po other land on earth. One of the latest phenomena of this cate- gory is a course in matrimonial science, offered by Butler University, in the city of Indianapolis. So far, we under- stand, this branch of study is not arbi- trarily prescribed, but is available for all students it as research which will enable them the better to et e ordinary routine of married life. ‘The administrators of the university announce that the subjects taught in connection with this course will include aspects of biology, economics, sociology and religion, ‘women will be in- structed, besides, in the knowledge and art of cockery, housekeeping, and pediatrics. Those who complete the courses, which require two years of close and careful study, receive certifi- flfflh;lhlch, ‘we presume, will dis- tingui them ' as possessing special new ure er _edu- cation indicates that the United States s As snows come hurrying from the sky. | has ciety before it is too late. Another evolution which has orig- inated in an American coll is an entirely new economic system, for which has been coined the term “tecnocrazia,” (technocracy). This theory cgmes from the brain of or H Scott, a S e student in Colmu University, and is essentially a contradiction of THIS AND THAT BY CHARLES E. TRACEWELL. Old books, old in point of time, finally | | the temperament comes in, for one's | fres e sen ven! ’:’l:lch even the best-bound books are e of absorption of dry air powers ‘of al a are marvelous; against them a stout binding often is helpless. Sometimes the way the papers are pasted on the inner sides of covers tend to yank them backward. When this is combined with the drying effect of the atmosphere, the total result is a very badly bowed book, constituting a defect to the finicky. Here is another instance in life ‘wherein one might be charged by oth- ers as “being a Ibt of trouble to them- selves.” Is not the person who fails to mind bowed backs, crumpled pages, dm-e-,md covers, much the happier Teader Not if he 1s finicky about his books! Life is a matter of temperament, “Life consists in what a man is think- ing of all day,” said Emerson. Since he bably is thinking more or less of what he is doing all day, a better definition of life, one may think, is that it consists of what one is doing lnddthmkmg, with the accent on the “and.” No doubt the thinking end of this| grand dual combination is the great- | est, as the wise Emerson indicated, since he failed to mention the neces- sary action. As was his wont, he took that for granted, left it out of account, gflng his reader the.compliment of g able to do a bit of thinking for himself, without pointing out every sin- gle element. ‘This is what often makes Emerson difficult reading. He leaves out so much, which one must put in between words, between sentences, and that is not easy with such a close thinker. The thinking side of life is where | likes and dislikes are largely mental, | based solidly enough, in a great many cases, on physical grounds. Just where the physical ends and the men- tal begins no man is wise enough to know. Some sages have held that they are the same. If you will take & small lass, nifying glass, of typewritten paper, f¢ care- fully on a letter, you will see that what a] 80 neat of outline to the “naked eye” in reality is blurred. ‘The paper that to the smooth is a sort of net, composed of of ink, invisible without the glass, are flung between all the letters. Perhaps there is some similar fusion between mind and matter, between things physical and mental, between body and spirit, whi¢h, unfortunately, no sort of magnifying glass will show us. Perhaps it is not necessary that we should see; maybe it is better if we accept, just as we do the apparently flawless job of the typewriter on the seeming glass-smooth sheet of paper. ‘The booklover who is finicky is sim- time, at his books. To him they are betier books if they are as flawless as possible. He is one with the master spirit of the ages, which, as far as man perfect a job as possible. This spirit works in mysterious ways, as the Psalmist said. Old books, re- sno:;’ng mmmn(fluwu'hm f dust to hel a pi yer of preserve what is underneath. Y To this protection is added the aroma sweet in the nostrils of the lover of books, the fragrance of old shelves, in High Lights on the Wide World Excerpts From Newspapers of Other Lands amid the difficulties of banking institu- | ced old srt;)reg in out-of-the-way places, as a sol of extra measure possible only with universal power. other guides to human progress and efficiency. The laws and principles of industrial science are to take t.be.rlwo of all family, social and political re- lationships. People are not to be graded as to character, ability or ambition, but only to be counted and considered as cogs in a great wheel, which drive the world onward, or seems so to do, with & sort of motion. ‘This movement, controlled and guided nolfierbymyemofiamorldedaof spirtual or esthetic quality, will be as valuable in promoting the welfare and happiness of the race as the revolutions of a squirrel upon the wheel in his eage in affording him the freedom’ and delights of his native habitat. Technocracy appears to us, from this ot of ndtral dogmas hat aee sef are accothplishing results in Russia. ey’ may be potent and most -effieacious in accelerating more and better products, but for an era that is already overbur- dened with production, cy dominant and tri mately successful in situation worse, * ok % making a bad Spanish Legislators To Bar Microphone. El Comercio, Lima.—We learn that the legislators in the Spanish have voted to remove the microphone from their chambers. As a result of this decision, their alert partisans and mflwemfi in thh:d rural districts, who now have the opportunity, if not of seeing, at least of hearing {:ow their delegates cherished and supported all their 'B:t projects, will, in future, be denjed t privilege and happiness, Were the delegates likewise from hearing the current murm from the provinces, it is extreme le that many reciprocal - tions would thereby e averted — oY With ~the political atmosphere 8o charged with contradictory ideas and impulses, it is rather a superfluous pro- lure to stir up ancient animosities, and at the same time evoke many new éogudlnb‘t?e velry course and progress of e debates, bef¢ isdefinitely ; either " with- tpe ;&pfinl the provincials or with- ————— Loading It Down. m_ln_nh the Charlotte Observer. e gocpect is hty good that domest! lllatmenn;“phyn. ‘which bml: 200 Sepetiily Srom e ALY, SOUTESS ly from textile inter- ests, is going to be sunk at the present by reason of overloading, and salvage crew of the next ses- B B R AR B levelope nature of an agricultural band which all mmerce, the latest demand—by the National Live Stock Co-Operative Association—is for ex- tension of benefits to sheep and cattle, but without the limitations of the pro- ?;ctlun wn&r:lh features. This organ- tion want e processing tax applied to all live stock and to have flupll'l applicable to that industry adminis. tered by the Farm Board. - The National Federation of Producers wants the 5-cent tax upon, ley Prom the Des Moines Register. the whole | in Florence, fell when el RO o B b 1 A fresco painter, retouching a church his staging . ply one who has paused to peer, for a |t can determine, is determined to do as i technocra it will be ulti- | of Milk vied | Having ousted David S. Barmy, its sergeant at arms, because of an article he wrote, published in the New Outlook, and having threatened to punish Mr. Barry for libel, the Senste has still to determine whether it will also under- take to punish Alfred E. Smith, editor of the offending magazine, for libel. The Senate Judiciary Committee today is struggling with the matter of seeking action for libel against Mr. Barry and others. Should the Senate undertake to punish Mr. Smith for libel—whatever it may decide to do in regard to Mr. Barry or any person other than Mr. Smith connected with the New Outlook —it will at least be a surprise. And yet it seems difficult to understand how | sid shoul 8 suit for libel d run against a contributor to a magazine and not to the editor. On the other hand, it is one thing to go gunning for its former sergeant at arms and quite another for the Senate to tackle Mr. Alfred E. Smith—four times Governor of .New York, the Democratic nominee for President in 1928 and today one of the >l most powerful political figures in the country. His running mate in 1928, Senator Robinson of Arkansas, is Democratic leader of the Senate. It is true that Mr. Barry in his article “Over the Hill to Demagoguery” mentioned Senator Robinson and the attacks which the junior Senator from Louisiana, Huey Long, made upon him. But even so, it would not be particularly palatable for the Democrats in the Senate—some of them at all events—to sue Mr. Smith for libel. * ok ok % Mr. Barry was “tried” by the Senate and dismissed because he said that ‘“contrary, perhaps, to the popular be- lief, there are not many crooks in Con- gress; that is, out-and-out grafters or those who are willing to be such. There are not many Senators or Representa- tives who sell their vote for money, and it is pretty well who those few are; but there are many demagogues of the kind that will vote for legisla- tion solely because they think it will help their political and social fortunes.” Senator Logan of Kentucky, Democrat, did | and ratified by the States. eye seemed so | said fibers and miniature pinholes.# Specks | the Senator Logan in his remarks to the Senate said: “I suppose from time to time in all legislative bodies, from the days of the old Roman Senate down to the present, that there have been occasionally men who sold their votes. I do not believe that there is any such man in this body; I do not believe there is any such man in this Congress, and I do not be- 3 ad any intention kindly covered | P°! Some of the Senators who defended Mr. Barry, among them Senator Glenn of Illinois, contended tht":h;t l‘l:' Barry really was being ous! or in his charge that there are demncocuez they insisted, ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS . BY FREDERIC J. HASKIN. a letter to Fred- eric J. Haskin? can ask him any question of fact get the a personal letter. Here is a great edu- cational idea introduced into the lves of the most intelligent people in the world—American newspaper readers. It is & part of that best purpose of a newspaper — service. There is Do | charge except 3 cents in coin or stamps | for return postage. Do not” use post cards. Address Frederic J. Director, The Washington Star Infor- maticn Bureau, Washington, D. C. Q. How does an amateur join the Amateur Athletic Union in the United States>—C. T. B. A. The country is divided into 30 associations and ‘any = ble for membership in the district asso- chflmintheterrgminwhh‘hhe les. Each association con- ducts champlonships in Q In cribbage, two-handed game, the cards fall as follows—4, 4 (2 for a pair) ace, 6 (15-2), 2, 5, 3, ace. Does the play of the trey entitle the player to a run of six?—E. H. C. A. Tt does. So long as the run comes ithin the count of 31 and is not blocked by a card that interferes with the run, it is counted. Q. Is snuff still used to any extent in the United States?—K. N. A. Last year the Tre taxes on 39,543,096 pounds of snuff. whfihm" fast do woplz’uq‘x;n‘y‘rud Xfldlng ne' pers?—W. 9 A. Such tests as have been made in- dicate that there is considerable varia- tion, depending upon the nature of the contents that are being read, the type used, and other factors. Huey found that adults varied in the rate of read- ing silently from 2.5 to 9.8 words per second at their ordinary rates. When reading as rapidly as possible the rates varied from 3.5 to 135 words per sec- ond. Whipple and Curtis found that the time per word in hundredths of a second for normal silent reading, maxi- mum silent readi Was 26, 22 and 14, 1 Q. How many amendments to the Constitution of the United States have you ever annually 17 sports. , and tively. ‘Twenty have been passed by mm& flag adopted in 1931 as the official emblem of the dean. The banner incorporates the red and white roses of the Tudors, the cross and five ¥old martlets of St. Edward the Con- essor, and the royal arms. Q. In what year since the World ‘War were the most foreigners natural- ized in the United States?—B. S. A. In 1928, when 233,155 persons re- ceived their citizenship papers. Q. When was Tahitl discovered and by whom?—C. T. 5 Spanish navigator Quiros 3 was visited by Capt. Cook in 1769. In 1842 it came, as a native kingdom, un- der Prench protection, and in 1880 was declared a French colony. Q. How many selections comprise 's “Five-Foot Shelf”?—G. D. A. This set of books contains 418 of the world’s masterpieces. Q. Who invented the pari-mutuel mmmpct betting on horse races?— G. L. F. al A. A Frenchman named Oller in- vented it in aboit 1872. In 1880 & man in New named the idea of purpose, called it a totalizator, and used it for the first time at the Can! . It was not until 1908 that the pari-mutuel system of betting was me ly exploited in the United States, and in the Spring of that year it was adopted in Kentucky. Q. I have heard that wood may be manufactured from cornstalks, Is this N In ihe Towa State College labora- A owa tories and in at least three commercial ot npmdh “;‘cl?;!‘:nmmmh may be lu co! m{’be“uhmumlwunofl cork.” cousin of Gen. Putnam. Q mmr...ia of cotton weavers in land, during the late S: 2 of 1932?—0. G. A. gn nfi savings u:mm: could be rough a cut in wages were 50 small relatively that it was not worth while to submit to it unless it were coupled with some more far-reaching movement. Q. Who was President pro_tempore of the Senate when Vice President Coolidge became President of the United States?>—W. A. M. A. Albert Baird Cummins, Senator from Iowa, was President pro tempore of the Senate from May 19, 1919, to March 3, 12:2. Calvin Coolidge took Q. When did the Pro Flay- produce Eugene O'N first play?—P. M. A. In the Summer of 1916. It was called “Bound East for Cardiff.” Q. Why does popcorn pop?—W. H. A, A. In popcorn, which is a variety of Indian corn, there is a large proportion of the endosperm (the nutritious mat~ ter which with the small embryo makes up the grain) of a horny consistency which causes the grain to pop when heated. The kernel becomes turned in- side out by the explosion of the con- tained moisture, who |all Galsworthy’s Place Unique,' %% Declare American Eulogists * ok ok % is not the-only recent s” in the Senate. ‘tempt B defense of the old system by which Senators were elected by State Legislatures, but he ecertainly” points out some of the ills of the system popular elections of the Senators. The Senate, of course, is not in a position to oust Mr. Ludlow from the House. Only the House could do that, and there seems not the slightest pos- serious attempt be made to discipline Indiana Representative because of his newly published book entitled, “Amer- ica Go Bust.” * X %k % Is the Republican party to become “wetter” or “dryer”? 'Is it to become the defender of national prohibition yet? Decidedly there of ht on the prohibition issue leaders au ; of | that he should be flat I : E A it E g i EE lon. James P on nal look to Representative-elect .gr E 2 is & E da i I ] 55 b 8 8 E g § : SEf i Lt} Eis : i § 8 8 iz g% £ g8, i ; § ' i : i ¢ FEESIRE it geds g g i i i 4 i g 7 E ] EFS of ives. Such a government is unhapK was | & decidely strange subject for Ameri- knighthood; most English ctuary of idealism in the vorld—W;EfinM Abbey.” That the judgment: “He seems 10 eccentricity no * ¥k ¥ % one of his more recent the Louisville Courier-Journal says: “The author was strongly affected can eulogy. One Business Gains. Des Motnes Tribune. U Lines, tor of all, the increase in 19: was 107 per‘eg;‘hk'l:\h_'h lyllmmn of 7 per cent ; gRin per cant , ne . A ngivesnehxhlmalmmt?. 5 Trimmings, Prom the Rodhoke Times. It tha Democrats succeed “in tfim- ming the budget as neatly as they that have had By, Tt Friagd e [